FI127187B - ventilation equipment and arrangement for its installation - Google Patents

ventilation equipment and arrangement for its installation Download PDF

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Publication number
FI127187B
FI127187B FI20155260A FI20155260A FI127187B FI 127187 B FI127187 B FI 127187B FI 20155260 A FI20155260 A FI 20155260A FI 20155260 A FI20155260 A FI 20155260A FI 127187 B FI127187 B FI 127187B
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FI
Finland
Prior art keywords
air
air intake
adapter
floor
wall
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FI20155260A
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Finnish (fi)
Swedish (sv)
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FI20155260A (en
Inventor
Timo Karkkulainen
Original Assignee
Temet Oy
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Priority to FI20155260A priority Critical patent/FI127187B/en
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Publication of FI127187B publication Critical patent/FI127187B/en

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B13/00—Special devices for ventilating gasproof shelters
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
    • E04H9/04—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate against air-raid or other war-like actions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
    • F24F3/12—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling
    • F24F3/16—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by purification, e.g. by filtering; by sterilisation; by ozonisation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F7/00—Ventilation
    • F24F7/007—Ventilation with forced flow

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Ventilation (AREA)

Abstract

Keksintö liittyy ilmanvaihtolaitteistoon ja järjestelyyn väestönsuojan ilmanvaihtolaitteiston asentamiseksi väestönsuojaan, llmanvaihtolaitteisto käsittää ilmanottosovitelman (2), jossa on ilmanottokanava, joka ulottuu ensimmäiseen suuntaan (A) vastaanottamaan sisäänottoilmaa ilmanvaihtolaitteistolle; suodattimen (4) suodattamaan sisäänottoilmaa; puhaltimen (6) syöttämään suodatettua sisäänottoilmaa väestönsuojaan; ja tehonlähteen (8, 10) puhaltimen (6) käyttämiseksi, llmanvaihtolaitteisto edelleen käsittää adapterin (20), joka on sovitettu ilmanottosovitelmaan (2), adapteri (20) käsittää kiinnitysosan (24, 28) kiinnittämään ilmanottosovitelma (2) väestönsuojan seinään, lattiaan tai kattoon ja putkiosan (22, 26), jolla on mutka johtamaan sisäänottoilmaa ilmanottosovitelmaan (2) ilmansyöttökanavasta, joka ulottuu toiseen suuntaan (B), ilmanottokanavaan, joka ulottuu ensimmäiseen suuntaan (A)The invention relates to ventilation equipment and an arrangement for civil protection for installing ventilation equipment in a civil defense, the ventilation equipment comprises an air intake assembly (2) having an air intake duct extending to the first in direction (A) to receive intake air for the ventilation apparatus; filter (4) to filter intake air; a fan (6) to supply filtered intake air for civil protection; and a fan (6) of the power supply (8, 10) , the air exchange apparatus further comprises an adapter (20) which is fitted to the air intake assembly (2), the adapter (20) comprises a mounting member (24, 28) attach the air intake assembly (2) to the wall, floor or ceiling of the civil defense; and a tubular member (22, 26) having a bend to direct the intake air to the air intake arrangement (2) from the air supply duct extending in the other direction (B) to the air intake duct, extending in the first direction (A)

Description

Ventilation apparatus and arrangement installing the same
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a ventilation apparatus for defence shelter according to the preamble of claim 1 and more particularly to a ventila5 tion apparatus of a defence shelter, which the ventilation apparatus comprising an air intake assembly having an air intake channel extending in a first direction for receiving intake-air to the ventilation apparatus, a filter for filtering the intake-air, a blower supplying filtered intake-air into the defence shelter, and a power unit for operating the blower. The present invention further relates to an arrangement for installing a ventilation apparatus of defence shelter to the defence shelter according to the preamble of claim 11. The arrangement comprises more particularly an air intake opening provided to a wall, floor or ceiling of the defence shelter for intaking air to the defence shelter, a ventilation apparatus comprising an air intake assembly having an air intake channel extending in a first direction for receiving intake-air from the air intake opening, the first direction extending transversely to a surface of the wall, floor or ceiling of the defence shelter having the air intake opening, a filter for filtering the intake-air, a blower supplying filtered intake-air into the defence shelter and a power unit for operating the blower, a support structure for securing the ventilation appa20 ratus to the wall, floor or ceiling of the defence shelter and an air supply channel provided between the air intake opening and the air intake assembly for supplying air from the air intake opening to the ventilation apparatus.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Defence shelters are conventionally equipped with one or more ven25 tilation apparatuses for providing ventilation during utilization of the defence shelter, for example during crises. The ventilation apparatuses comprise a blower for intaking and feeding air into the defence shelter. The ventilation apparatus also comprises at least one filter for filter air before feeding it into the defence shelter. The intake-air is received to the ventilation apparatus outside the defence shelter through a lead-through opening provided to a wall, floor or ceiling of the defence shelter. The ventilation apparatus comprises an air intake assembly for receiving air into the ventilation apparatus from the leadthrough opening. The air intake assembly comprises an air intake channel into which air flows from the lead-through opening. The ventilation apparatuses are conventionally installed at site of the opening or opposite the lead-through
20155260 prh 14-12-2017 opening and thus the lead-through opening in the wall, floor or ceiling determines the location of the ventilation apparatus in the defence shelter. Usually the air intake channel of the air intake assembly extends parallel to the leadthrough opening, and usually also substantially perpendicularly to the surface of the wall, floor or ceiling of the defence shelter to which the lead-through opening is provided. Accordingly the air intake channel of the air intake assembly extends directly from the lead-through opening and is attached to it such that the lead-through opening and the air intake channel are arranged coaxially.
One of the disadvantages associated with the above arrangement is that the site of the lead-through opening is not always ideal for locating the ventilation apparatus in the defence shelter. Actually the site of the leadthrough opening may be difficult for the space utilization of the defence shelter when the ventilation apparatus is installed to this site. The space utilization may also go through changes when the defence shelter is renovated or reformed such that the ventilation apparatus does not fit its original location. In that case a lead-through opening may have to be formed to the wall, floor or ceiling of the defence shelter. This is disadvantageous as every excess leadthrough compromises the structures and operation of the defence shelter. Al20 ternatively, the lead-through opening may have to provided to the wall, floor or ceiling of the defence shelter based on the desired location of the ventilation apparatus. However, this is not advantageous as poorly situated lead-through may also compromise the structures and operation of the defence shelter.
FR 1295136 A discloses a ventilation apparatus for shelters. The apparatus comprises in a single housing air inlet dues housed in one half of the housing and a fan with the drive unit and the mechanism in the other half of the housing. The axes of incoming pipes, as well as the axes of the fan, drive motor and the mechanism are vertical. The device comprises a connection for the passage which leads the outside air, and further, also a connection for the air circulating in closed circuit. These two connections are mounted on the housing at diametrically opposed positions.
DE 3006647 A1 discloses an air raid shelter located underneath the actual building and consists of rest room and air lock. In the rest room a motoror manually driven fan assembly is installed, which aspirates ambient air either directly via pipe or indirectly through sand filter via pipe. The sand filter is provided in pit next to the rest room. The ambient air enters the pit through suction
20155260 prh 14-12-2017 pipe running horizontally buried in the terrain, it is anchored in concrete block, in which the pipe is turned into a vertical section, terminating above the terrain at a level well above the expected highest blanket of snow.
Documents CH 414357 A, NL 99053 C and NL 91140 C represent the general state of the art.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
An object of the present invention is to provide a ventilation apparatus of a defence shelter and an arrangement for apparatus for installing ventilation apparatus of a defence shelter to the defence shelter so as to over10 come or at least alleviate the above disadvantages. The objects of the invention are achieved by a ventilation apparatus according to the characterizing portion of claim 1 and more particularly with a ventilation apparatus further comprising an adapter provided to the air intake assembly, the adapter comprising a securing member for securing the intake assembly to the wall, floor or ceiling of the defence shelter and a pipe member having a bend for conducting intake-air to the air intake assembly from a second direction transverse to the first direction of the air intake channel. The objects of the present invention are also achieved by an arrangement according to the characterizing portion of claim 11 and more particularly with an arrangement the air supply channel is arranged to extend in second direction transverse to the first direction of the air intake channel, and that the arrangement further comprises an adapter provided between the air intake assembly and the air supply channel, the adapter comprising a securing member for securing the intake assembly to the wall, floor or ceiling of the defence shelter and a pipe member having a bend for conducting intake-air to the air intake assembly from the air supply channel extending in the second direction to the air intake channel extending in the first direction.
The preferred embodiments of the invention are disclosed in the dependent claims.
The invention is based on the idea of providing the ventilation apparatus with an adapter which has dual purpose. The adapter attaches the ventilation apparatus to a wall, floor or ceiling of the defence shelter and also forms a curved flow channel for feeding air into the air intake channel of the air intake assembly of the ventilation apparatus. Thus adapter comprises a securing member for securing the intake assembly or the ventilation apparatus to the
20155260 prh 14-12-2017 wall, floor or ceiling of the defence shelter. The air intake channel extends in a first direction and the adapter further comprises a pipe member having a bend for conducting intake-air to the air intake channel of the air intake assembly from a second direction transverse to the first direction of the air intake chan5 nel. The bend of the pipe member is between 45 and 135 degrees, or that the bend of the pipe member is substantially 90 degrees. Accordingly adapter allows air to the supplied to the air intake channel of the air intake assembly and the ventilation apparatus from a direction transverse to the direction of the air intake channel. Furthermore, at the same time the adapter attaches the air in10 take assembly to the structures of the defence shelter such that a reliable connection to the air intake assembly is provided.
The invention is also based on the idea of providing an arrangement for installing the ventilation apparatus to a defence shelter. In the arrangement an air supply channel is arranged to extend in a second direction from a lead15 through opening in a wall, floor or ceiling of the defence shelter towards the ventilation apparatus and the air intake channel. The second direction extends transverse to the first direction of the air intake channel. The arrangement further comprises an adapter provided between the air intake assembly and the air supply channel for conducting air into the air intake channel from the sec20 ond direction and attaching the air intake assembly to a wall, floor or ceiling of the defence shelter. The adapter comprises a securing member for securing the intake assembly to the wall, floor or ceiling of the defence shelter and a pipe member having a bend for conducting intake-air to the air intake assembly from the air supply channel extending in the second direction to the air intake channel extending in the first direction.
In one embodiment the air supply channel is arranged to extend in the second direction along the wall, floor or ceiling of the defence shelter and the air intake channel of the air intake assembly extends towards the surface of the wall, floor or ceiling of the defence shelter, or perpendicularly to the wall, floor or ceiling of the defence shelter. The adapter is provided between the air supply channel and the air intake channel for conducting intake-air to the air intake assembly from a second direction transverse to the first direction of the air intake channel.
An advantage of the ventilation apparatus and arrangement of the present invention is that it allows freedom for installing the ventilation apparatus to the defence shelter. The present invention also allows the lead5
20155260 prh 14-12-2017 through opening via which air is conducted to the defence shelter to be located as desired. Thus the lead-through opening may be formed in a location structurally and operationally desired location. Therefore, the defence shelter may be designed such that the space utilization may be maximized. Furthermore, the present invention enables reconstructing old defence shelters during renovation. This means that the ventilation apparatus may be relocated in the defence shelter without modifying the structures of the defence shelter or making new lead-through openings, which would weaken to the structures of the defence shelter. Further, the adapter enables at the same time secure support for the air intake assembly and ventilation apparatus.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
In the following the invention will be described in greater detail by means of preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which
Figure 1 shows schematically one embodiment of the present invention in which an adapter is provided for receiving air to the ventilation apparatus vertically from above;
Figure 2 shows schematically another embodiment of the present invention in which an adapter is provided for receiving air to the ventilation ap20 paratus horizontally from side;
Figure 3 shows schematically yet another embodiment of the present invention in which an adapter is provided for receiving air to the ventilation apparatus from direction between the horizontal and vertical directions; and
Figure 4 shows yet another embodiment in which an adapter and the second direction extend in an angle relative to the vertical and horizontal direction.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Figure 1 is shows a ventilation apparatus of a defence shelter. The ventilation apparatus comprises an air intake assembly 2 having an air intake channel extending in a first direction A for receiving intake-air to the ventilation apparatus. The air intake assembly 2may further comprise a blast valve or pressure valve 3 for adjusting the intake air flow and/or safeguarding the ventilation apparatus against sudden and high pressure loads caused by explosions, sudden fires or the like. The blast valve or pressure valve closes the air intake assembly 2 and air intake channel under such sudden and high pres6
20155260 prh 14-12-2017 sures. The air intake assembly may further comprise intake air pre-heater for heating the intake air as desired.
The ventilation apparatus of the defence shelter further comprises a filter 4 for filtering the intake-air. The intake air is conducted from the air intake assembly 2 to the filter via first apparatus channel 16. The filter 4 may comprise particle filter portion and/or gas filter for filtering the intake air from particulate and gaseous hazardous substances. The filter may be for example a so called NBC-filer (nuclear, biological, chemical filter). In use the ventilation apparatus may be operated in a filtration mode or in a bypass mode. In the filtra10 tion mode the intake-air flows through or is guided through the filter 4. IN the bypass mode the intake-air bypasses or is arranged to bypass the filter 4 such that the intake-air does not flow through the filer 4.
The ventilation apparatus also comprises a blower 6 which generates the intake air flow to the air intake assembly 2 and to the filer 4. The fil15 tered intake air is conducted to the blower via a second apparatus channel 18, as shown in figure 1. A power source or power unit 8, such as motor or electric motor 8, is connected to the blower for operating the blower such that the intake air flow is generated. The ventilation apparatus may further comprise manual operating means for operating the blower and the ventilation apparatus when power from the power unit 8 is not available, for example during power failure. The manual operating means may comprise a crank 10 which may be manually rotated. The manual operating means may further comprise a transmission motor 11 operatively connected to the blower 6 for operating the blower by rotating the crank 10. The blower further supplies the filtered intake air into to the defence shelter via feed channel 9 which may comprise a sound silencer for attenuating sound provided by the ventilation apparatus.
The ventilation apparatus further comprises support structure 12 for installing and supporting the ventilation apparatus fixedly to the defence shelter. In the embodiment of figure 1 the lead-through opening is provided to the wall of the defence shelter and the air intake channel of the air intake assembly 2 extends in the first direction A transversely to the surface of the wall of the defence shelter. In a prior art arrangement for installing the ventilation apparatus the air intake channel of the air intake assembly 2 extends directly from and parallel to the lead-though opening in the wall. Accordingly in the prior art arrangements the air intake channel of the air intake assembly and the leadthrough opening are arranged directly together such that intake air enters the
20155260 prh 14-12-2017 air intake channel directly and linearly from the lead-through opening. In other words the air intake channel continues directly and parallel from the leadthrough opening, in the first direction A. The support structure 12 may be any kind of support structure which both supports the ventilation apparatus itself and also attaches and supports the ventilation apparatus to the wall, floor or ceiling of the defence shelter.
Figure 2 shows one embodiment according to the present invention. The ventilation apparatus is further provided with or comprises an adapter 20. The adapter 20 is provided, installed or attached to the air intake assembly 2.
The adapter 20 is installed to the air intake assembly 2 such that it extends from the air intake channel. The adapter 20 comprises a pipe member 22, 26 having a bend or curve for conducting intake-air to the air intake assembly 2 and the air intake channel from a second direction B extending transversely to the first direction A of the air intake channel. Accordingly the pipe member comprises a first pipe part 26 extending from the air intake channel and air intake assembly 2 and in the first direction A. The pipe member also comprises a second pipe part 22 extending in a second direction B transverse to the first direction A. The bend of the pipe member is formed between the first and second pipe parts 26, 22 such that the pipe member turns the air flow from the second direction B to the first direction A for supplying intake air into the air intake channel of the air intake assembly 2 from the second direction B. The adapter 2 therefore allows supplying air into the ventilation apparatus and the air intake assembly from a direction different from the first direction A of the air intake channel. Thus the air intake channel does not have extend directly from the lead-through opening, but the ventilation apparatus and the air intake assembly 2 may be located at a distance from each other, and possibly also the lead-through opening does not have extends parallel to the air intake channel, but in an angle relative to the air intake channel. The first piper part 26, the bend and the second piper part 22 together form an adapter channel for con30 ducting intake-air to the air intake assembly 2 and the air intake channel from a second direction B extending transversely to the first direction A of the air intake channel. In this embodiment the first piper part 26 and the second pipe part 22 have substantially linear central axes in the first direction A and the second direction B respectively. In an alternative embodiment the pipe mem35 ber of the adapter 20 comprises at least partly curved pipe forming the bend. The curved pipe may form also the whole pipe member such that the pipe
20155260 prh 14-12-2017 member is curved along the whole length from the first direction A to the second direction B, or vice versa. Furthermore, the pipe member may also comprise two or more bends such that the adapter channel turns stepwise from the first direction A to the second direction B, or vice versa. Thus the first direction
A is the direction of the intake air channel at the mouth or opening of the air intake channel and the first pipe part 26 and the second direction B is the direction at the mouth or opening of the second piper part 22.
The bend of the pipe member between the first pipe part 26 and the second pipe part 22 may be between 45 and 135 degrees. Accordingly the first direction A and the second direction B may extend transversely in relation to each other in an angle between 45 to 135 degrees. In one preferred embodiment the bend of the pipe member is substantially 90 degrees, and thus the first direction A and the second direction extend substantially perpendicularly in relation to each other. It should be noted that in an alternative embodiment the angle between the first direction A and the second direction B may also be less than 45 degrees, such as 30 degrees, or more than 135 degrees such as 150 degrees, or between 30 and 150 degrees.
The adapter 20 is connected, attached or installed to the air intake assembly 2 with attachment means. In one embodiment the attachment means comprise a flange joint. As shown in figure 2, the air intake channel of the air intake assembly is provided with an adapter flange and the first pipe part 26 of the pipe member of the adapter 20 is provided with a second flange, and the adapter flange ad the first flange are arranged against each other and attached together with bolts for attaching the adapter 20 to the air intake assembly 2. It should be noted that the attachment means may also be some other kind of attachment means.
As shown in figure 2, the adapter 20 further comprises a securing member 24, 28 for securing the intake assembly 2 and the adapter 20 to the structures, wall, floor or ceiling of the defence shelter. The securing member
24, 28 may comprise a securing flange 24 or other kinds of securing means for securing the adapter 20 to the wall, floor or ceiling of the defence shelter with securing means, such as bolts, screws or the like. The securing member may further comprise a spacer 28 extending from the pipe member 22, 26. The spacer may separate the pipe member 22, 26 from the wall, floor, ceiling or other structure of the defence shelter to which the adapter 2 is attached with the securing means 24. Accordingly the adapter 20 extends a distance from
20155260 prh 14-12-2017 the ventilation apparatus and thus places the ventilation apparatus and the air intake assembly 2 at the distance, determined by the adapter 2, from the wall, floor or ceiling of the defence shelter. This means that the adapter 20 extends to a distance from the ventilation apparatus for providing a clearance between the ventilation apparatus and the wall, floor or ceiling of the defence shelter.
As shown in figure 2, the support structure 12 of the ventilation apparatus is also provided with support spacer 14. The adapter 20 arranges the ventilation apparatus at a distance from the wall, floor, ceiling or other structure of the defence shelter and thus the support structure 12 also have extend fur10 ther from the ventilation apparatus for attaching the and supporting the ventilation apparatus to the structure of the defence shelter. The support spacer 14 may be any kind of spacer which is attached to the support structure 12 and to the structures of the defence shelter. Preferably the support spacer has length similar to the length of the adapter 20 such that the adapter 20 and the support spacer 14 extend at an equal distance from the ventilation apparatus.
Figures 2, 3 and 4 show one embodiment of the present invention in which the adapter 20 is branch tubing having a main tube 26, 28 and a branch tube 22 extending transversely to the main tube 26, 28. The branch tube 22 may extend in an angle of 45 to 135 degrees in relation to the main tube 26,
28. In the embodiment of figures 2, 3 and 4 the branch tube 22 extends in an angle of substantially 90 degrees in relation to the main tube 26, 28. However, the branch tube may also extend in an angle between 30 to 150 degrees in relation to the main tube 26, 28. The branch tube 22 divides the main tube to a first main tube part 26 and a second main tube part 28. The branch tube 22 and the first main tube part 26 form the pipe member of the adapter 20 and the second main tube part 28 forms the securing member of the adapter 20. The securing flange 24 is provided to the distal end of the second main tube part
28. Thus the first main tube part 26 is attached to the air intake assembly 2. The branch tubing further comprises a deflector (not shown) provided inside the branch tubing for forming the pipe member with the branch tube 22 and the first main tube part 26 and for preventing air flow to the second main tube part 28. The deflector is arranged inside the branch tubing such that it guides the intake air flow from the branch tube 22 and from the second direction B to the fist main tube part 26 and to the first main tube part 26, and prevents flow to the second main tube part 22. Accordingly the deflector forms at least part of the bend in the adapter 20.
20155260 prh 14-12-2017
As shown in figure 2 the branch tube 22 and/or the second direction
B is substantially vertical direction and the first direction A in which the air intake channel extends is substantially horizontal direction. Thus the second direction B and the first direction A extend substantially perpendicularly in rela5 tion to each other. Figure 3 shows an alternative embodiment in which the branch tube 22 and/or the second direction B is substantially horizontal direction and also the first direction A in which the air intake channel extends is substantially horizontal direction. Thus the second direction B and the first direction A extend in horizontal direction but substantially perpendicularly in rela10 tion to each other. Figure 4 shows yet another embodiment in which the branch tube 22 and the second direction B extend in an angle relative to the vertical and horizontal direction. In other words the second direction B extends between the vertical direction and the horizontal direction and further substantially perpendicularly to the first direction A of the air intake channel. As shown in figures 2, 3 and 4, the adapter 20 may be installed to the air intake assembly in a desired orientation such that the branch tube 22 or the second direction B extends in a desired direction from the ventilation apparatus. This enables conducting intake air from a lead-through opening to the air intake assembly from a desired direction and location.
The present invention further relates to an arrangement for installing a ventilation apparatus of a defence shelter to the defence shelter. The ventilation apparatus is the kind of ventilation apparatus described above. The reference numerals and features described above concern also the arrangement and their description is not repeated. The arrangement comprises a lead25 through opening provided to a wall, floor or ceiling of the defence shelter for intaking air to the defence shelter. The lead-through opening may be any kind of opening provided for supplying air to the defence shelter. The arrangement further comprises a ventilation apparatus having an air intake assembly 2 having an air intake channel extending in a first direction A for receiving intake-air from the lead-through opening. The first direction A may extend transversely to a surface of the wall, floor or ceiling of the defence shelter having the leadthrough opening and to which the ventilation apparatus is installed and supported with the support structure 12, 14. In one embodiment of the present invention the air intake channel and the first direction A extends in a direction which substantially perpendicular to the surface of the wall, floor or ceiling of the defence shelter having the lead-through opening to which the ventilation
20155260 prh 14-12-2017 apparatus is installed and supported. The first direction may extend towards the wall, floor or ceiling of the defence shelter having the air intake opening to which the ventilation apparatus is installed and supported, or alternatively the lead-through opening may be provided a wall, floor, ceiling different than the wall, floor or ceiling to which the ventilation apparatus is installed. The ventilation apparatus further comprises a filter 4 for filtering the intake-air, a blower 6 supplying filtered intake-air into the defence shelter and a power unit 8, 10 for operating the blower 6. The arrangement further comprises a support structure 12, 14 for securing the ventilation apparatus to the wall, floor or ceiling of the defence shelter.
The arrangement also comprises an air supply channel provided between the lead-through opening and the air intake assembly 2 for supplying air from the air intake opening to the ventilation apparatus. The air supply channel is arranged to extend in second direction B transverse to the first direction A of the air intake channel. In one embodiment the air supply channel extends in a second direction B substantially perpendicularly towards the ventilation apparatus. The arrangement also comprises an adapter 20 provided between the air intake assembly 2 and the air supply channel. The adapter 20 comprising a securing member 24, 28 for securing the intake assembly 2 to the wall, floor or ceiling of the defence shelter and a pipe member 22, 26 having a bend for conducting intake-air to the air intake assembly 2 from the air supply channel extending in the second direction B to the air intake channel extending in the first direction A. It should be noted the air supply channel does not have to be straight along the whole length, but it may also comprise bends and curves and it may extend in more than one direction along its length. However, the air supply channel extends or connects to the ventilation apparatus or the adapter 20 in the second direction B transverse to the first direction of the air intake channel.
The second direction B and the first direction A, or the air supply channel and the air intake channel, may extend in an angle of between, 30 and 150 degrees, or 45 and 135 degrees in relation to each other and bend of the pipe member 22, 26 is between 45 and 135 degrees. In one embodiment the second direction B and the first direction A, or the air supply channel and air intake channel, extend substantially perpendicularly in relation to each other and the bend of the pipe member 22, 26 is substantially 90 degrees.
Usually the ventilation apparatus is installed to a wall of the defence
20155260 prh 14-12-2017 shelter such that the air intake channel extends towards the wall. Alternatively the ventilation apparatus may be installed to a floor or even a ceiling of the defence shelter. The air supply channel may be arranged to extend in the second direction B along the wall, floor or ceiling of the defence shelter and the intake channel of the air intake assembly 2 may extend towards the surface of the wall, floor or ceiling of the defence shelter, preferably towards the wall, floor or ceiling along which the air supply channel extends. In one embodiment the air supply channel is arranged to extend in the second direction B along the wall, floor or ceiling of the defence shelter and the intake channel of the air intake assembly 2 extends perpendicularly towards the wall, floor or ceiling of the defence shelter.
The adapter 20 may be attached to the air intake assembly 2, and to the air supply channel and to the wall, floor or ceiling of the defence shelter. As shown in figures 2, 3 and 4, the adapter 20 may be a branch tubing having a main tube 26, 28 and a branch tube 22 extending transversely to the first tube 26, 28, and that the branch tube 22 extends in an angle of 30 to 150 degrees, or 45 to 135 degrees, in relation to the main tube 26, 28, preferably in an angle substantially 90 degrees in relation to the main tube 26, 28, and that the branch tube 22 divides the main tube to a first main tube part 26 and a second main tube part 28, the branch tube 22 and the first main tube part 26 form the pipe member of the adapter 20 and the second main tube part 28 forms the securing member of the adapter 20.
It will be obvious to a person skilled in the art that, as the technology advances, the inventive concept can be implemented in various ways. The in25 vention and its embodiments are not limited to the examples described above but may vary within the scope of the claims.

Claims (15)

PatenttivaatimuksetThe claims 1. Väestönsuojan ilmanvaihtolaitteisto, joka ilmanvaihtolaitteisto käsittää:1. Civil protection ventilation equipment, comprising: - ilmanottosovitelman (2), jossa on ilmanottokanava, joka ulottuuan air intake assembly (2) having an air intake duct extending 5 ensimmäiseen suuntaan (A) vastaanottamaan sisäänottoilmaa ilmanvaihtolaitteistolle;5 in the first direction (A) to receive intake air for the ventilation apparatus; - suodattimen (4) suodattamaan sisäänottoilmaa;- a filter (4) for filtering the intake air; - puhaltimen (6) syöttämään suodatettua sisäänottoilmaa väestönsuojaan; ja- a fan (6) for supplying filtered intake air to the civil defense; and 10 - tehonlähteen (8, 10) puhaltimen (6) käyttämiseksi, tunnettu siitä, että ilmanvaihtolaitteisto edelleen käsittää adapterin (20), joka on sovitettu ilmanottosovitelmaan (2), adapteri (20) käsittää kiinnitysosan (24, 28) kiinnittämään ilmanottosovitelma (2) väestönsuojan seinään, lattiaan tai kattoon ja putkiosan (22, 26), jolla on mutka johtamaan si15 säänottoilmaa ilmanottosovitelmaan (2) toisesta suunnasta (B), joka on poikittainen ilmanottokanavan ensimmäiselle suunnalle (A).10 - power supply (8, 10) for driving the fan (6), characterized in that the ventilation device further comprises an adapter (20) fitted to the air intake assembly (2), the adapter (20) comprising a mounting part (24, 28) for securing the air intake assembly (2) a defensive wall, floor or ceiling; and a pipe section (22, 26) having a bend for directing the suction air to the air intake assembly (2) from a second direction (B) transverse to the first direction (A) of the air intake duct. 2. Patenttivaatimuksen 1 mukainen ilmanvaihtolaitteisto, tunnett u siitä, että putkiosan (22, 26) mutka on 45 ja 135 asteen välillä, tai että putkiosan (22, 26) mutka on olennaisesti 90 astetta.The ventilation device according to claim 1, characterized in that the bend of the pipe section (22, 26) is between 45 and 135 degrees, or that the bend of the pipe section (22, 26) is substantially 90 degrees. 2020 3. Patenttivaatimuksen 1 tai 2 mukainen ilmanvaihtolaitteisto, tunnettu siitä, että adapterin (20) putkiosa (22, 26) käsittää vähintää osittain kaartuvan putken, joka muodostaa mutkan.The ventilation device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the tube portion (22, 26) of the adapter (20) comprises at least a partially curved tube which forms a bend. 4. Jonkin patenttivaatimuksen 1 - 3 mukainen ilmanvaihtolaitteisto, tunnettu siitä, että adapterin (20) kiinnitysosa (24, 28) käsittää kiinnityslai25 pan (24) kiinnittämään adapteri (20) väestönsuojan seinään, lattiaan tai kattoon kiinnitysvälineillä.Ventilation device according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the attachment part (24, 28) of the adapter (20) comprises a mounting plate (24) for attaching the adapter (20) to the wall, floor or ceiling by means of attachment. 5. Jonkin patenttivaatimuksen 1 - 4 mukainen ilmanvaihtolaitteisto, tunnettu siitä, että adapteri (20) on haaraputkisto, jolla on pääputki (26, 28) ja haaraputki (22), joka ulottuu poikittain pääputkeen (26, 28) nähden.Ventilation system according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the adapter (20) is a branch pipe having a main pipe (26, 28) and a branch pipe (22) extending transversely to the main pipe (26, 28). 3030 6. Patenttivaatimuksen 5 mukainen ilmanvaihtolaitteisto, tunnett u siitä, että haaraputki (22) ulottuu 45- 135 asteen kulmassa suhteessa pääputkeen (26, 28), tai että haaraputki (22) ulottuu olennaisesti 90 asteen kulmassa suhteessa pääputkeen (26, 28).The ventilation apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the branch pipe (22) extends at an angle of 45 to 135 degrees with respect to the main pipe (26, 28), or that the branch pipe (22) extends substantially at 90 degrees with respect to the main pipe (26, 28). 7. Patenttivaatimuksen 5 tai 6 mukainen ilmanvaihtolaitteisto,The ventilation system according to claim 5 or 6, 35 tunnettu siitä, että haaraputki (22) jakaa pääputken ensimmäiseen pääputkiosaan (26) ja toiseen pääputkiosaan (28), haaraputki (22) ja ensimmäinen35 characterized in that the branch pipe (22) divides the main pipe into a first main pipe section (26) and a second main pipe section (28), the branch pipe (22) and the first 20155260 prh 11 -03- 2016 pääputkiosa (26) muodostavat adapterin (20) putkiosan ja toinen pääputkiosa (28) muodostaa adapterin (20) kiinnitysosan.20155260 prh 11 -03-2016 the main pipe section (26) forms the adapter section (20) and the other main section section (28) forms the attachment section of the adapter (20). 8. Jonkin patenttivaatimuksen 5 tai 7 mukainen ilmanvaihtolaitteisto, tunnettu siitä, että ensimmäinen pääputkiosa (26) on kiinnitetty ilmanot5 tosovitelmaan (2).Ventilation installation according to one of Claims 5 or 7, characterized in that the first main pipe section (26) is fixed to the air intake assembly (2). 9. Jonkin patenttivaatimuksen 5-8 mukainen ilmanvaihtolaitteisto, tunnettu siitä, että haaraputkisto käsittää ilmanohjaimen, joka on sovitettu haaraputkiston sisään muodostamaan putkiosa haaraputken (22) ja ensimmäisen pääputkiosan (26) kanssa ja estämään ilmavirta toiseen pääputkiosaanVentilation system according to one of Claims 5 to 8, characterized in that the branch piping comprises an air guide arranged inside the branch piping to form a pipe section with the branch pipe (22) and the first main pipe section (26) and to prevent air flow to the second main pipe section. 10 (28).10 (28). 10. Jonkin patenttivaatimuksen 1 - 9 mukainen ilmanvaihtolaitteisto, tunnettu siitä, että adapteri (20) ulottuu etäisyyden päähän ilmanvaihtolaitteistosta järjestämään vapaa väli ilmanvaihtolaitteiston ja väestönsuojan seinän, lattian tai katon välille.Ventilation installation according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the adapter (20) extends a distance from the ventilation installation to provide a clear space between the ventilation installation and the wall, floor or ceiling of the civil defense. 1515 11. Järjestely väestönsuojan ilmanvaihtolaitteiston asentamiseksi väestönsuojaan, järjestely käsittää:11. An arrangement for installing civil defense ventilation equipment in a civil defense, the arrangement comprising: - läpivirtausaukon, joka on järjestetty väestönsuojan seinään, lattiaan tai kattoon ilman sisäänottamiseksi väestönsuojaan;- a flow port provided on the wall, floor or ceiling of the civil defense for the intake of air into the civil defense; - ilmanvaihtolaitteiston, joka käsittää:- ventilation equipment, comprising: 20 - ilmanottosovitelman (2), jossa on ilmanottokanava, joka ulottuu ensimmäiseen suuntaan (A) vastaanottamaan sisäänottoilmaa läpivirtausaukosta, ensimmäinen suunta (A) ulottuu poikittain väestönsuojan seinän, lattian tai katon pintaan, jossa on ilman sisäänottoaukko;- an air intake arrangement (2) having an air intake duct extending in a first direction (A) to receive intake air from a flow port, the first direction (A) extending transversely to a surface of a civilian wall, floor or roof having an air intake; 25 - suodattimen (4) suodattamaan sisäänottoilmaa;A filter (4) for filtering the intake air; - puhaltimen (6) syöttämään suodatettua sisäänottoilmaa väestönsuojaan; ja- a fan (6) for supplying filtered intake air to the civil defense; and - tehonlähteen (8, 10) puhaltimen (6) käyttämiseksi,- a power supply (8, 10) for driving the fan (6), - tukirakenteen (12, 14) kiinnittämään ilmanvaihtolaitteisto väestön30 suojan seinään, lattiaan tai kattoon, tunnettu siitä, että järjestely edelleen käsittää ilmansyöttökanavan, joka on sovitettu läpivirtausaukon ja ilmanottosovitelman (2) väliin syöttämään ilmaan läpivirtausaukosta ilmavaihtolaitteistolle, ilmansyöttökanava on järjestetty ulottumaan toiseen suuntaan (B), joka on poikittainen ilmanotto35 kanavan ensimmäiseen suuntaan (A) nähden, ja että järjestely edelleen käsittää adapterin (20), joka on sovitettu ilmanottosovitelman (2) ja ilmansyöttö19- a ventilation device for attaching a ventilation device to a wall, floor or ceiling of the shelter 30 for the support structure (12, 14), characterized in that the arrangement further comprises an air supply duct arranged between the , which is transverse to the air intake35 relative to the first direction (A) of the duct, and that the arrangement further comprises an adapter (20) adapted for the air intake assembly (2) and the air supply19 20155260 prh 11 -03- 2016 kanavan välille, adapteri (20) käsittää kiinnitysosan (24, 28) kiinnittämään ilmanottosovitelma (2) väestönsuojan seinään, lattiaan tai kattoon ja putkiosan (22, 26), jolla on mutka johtamaan sisäänottoilmaa ilmanottosovitelmaan (2) ilmansyöttökanavasta, joka ulottuu toiseen suuntaan (B), ilmanottokanavaan,20155260 prh 11 -03-2016, the adapter (20) comprises a fastening portion (24, 28) for securing an air intake assembly (2) to a civilian wall, floor or ceiling, and a pipe section (22, 26) having a bend to direct intake air to the air intake duct (2) extending in the other direction (B) to the air intake duct, 5 joka ulottuu ensimmäiseen suuntaan (A).5 extending in the first direction (A). 12. Patenttivaatimuksen 11 mukainen järjestely, tunnettu siitä, että:An arrangement according to claim 11, characterized in that: - toinen suunta (B) ja ensimmäinen suunta (A) ulottuvat 45- 135 asteen kulmassa toisiinsa nähden ja putkiosan (22, 26) mutka on välillä 45-135- the second direction (B) and the first direction (A) extend at an angle of 45 to 135 degrees with respect to each other and the bend of the pipe section (22, 26) is between 45 and 135 10 astetta; tai10 degrees; or - toinen suunta (B) ja ensimmäinen suunta (A) ulottuvat olennaisesti kohtisuorassa toisiinsa nähden ja putkiosan (22, 26) mutka on olennaisesti 90 astetta.the second direction (B) and the first direction (A) extend substantially perpendicular to one another and the bend of the tube portion (22, 26) is substantially 90 degrees. 13. Patenttivaatimuksen 11 tai 12 mukainen järjestely, tunnettuAn arrangement according to claim 11 or 12, characterized 15 siitä, että:15 that: - ilmansyöttökanava on järjestetty ulottumaan toiseen suuntaan (B) väestönsuojan seinää, lattiaa tai kattoa pitkin ja ilmanottosovitelman (2) ilmanottokanava ulottuu kohti väestönsuojan seinän, lattian tai katon pintaa; tai- the air supply duct is arranged to extend in the other direction (B) along the defensive wall, floor or ceiling and the air intake duct of the air intake arrangement (2) extends towards the surface of the defensive wall, floor or roof; or - ilmansyöttökanava on järjestetty ulottumaan toiseen suuntaan (B) 20 väestönsuojan seinää, lattiaa tai kattoa pitkin ja ilmanottosovitelman (2) ilmanottokanava ulottuu kohtisuorasti kohti väestönsuojan seinää, lattiaa tai kattoa.- the air supply duct is arranged to extend in the other direction (B) along the wall, floor or ceiling of the civil defense and the air duct of the air intake arrangement (2) extends perpendicularly to the wall, floor or ceiling of the civil defense. 14. Jonkin patenttivaatimuksen 11-13 mukainen järjestely, tunnettu siitä, että adapteri (20) on kiinnitetty ilmanottosovitelmaan (2), ja il25 mansyöttökanavaan ja väestönsuojan seinään, kattoon tai lattiaan.Arrangement according to one of Claims 11 to 13, characterized in that the adapter (20) is fixed to the air intake assembly (2) and to the air supply duct and to the wall, ceiling or floor of the civil defense. 15. Jonkin patenttivaatimuksen 11-14 mukainen järjestely, tunnettu siitä, että adapteri (20) on haaraputkisto, jolla on pääputki (26, 28) ja haaraputki (22), joka ulottuu poikittain pääputkeen (26, 28) nähden, ja että haaraputki (22) ulottuu 45 - 135 asteen kulmassa suhteessa pääputkeen (26,Arrangement according to one of Claims 11 to 14, characterized in that the adapter (20) is a branch pipe having a main pipe (26, 28) and a branch pipe (22) extending transversely to the main pipe (26, 28), and that the branch pipe (26, 28). 22) extends at an angle of 45 to 135 degrees with respect to the main pipe (26, 30 28), edullisesti olennaisesti 90 asteen kulmassa suhteessa pääputkeen (26,30 28), preferably at substantially 90 degrees to the main pipe (26, 28), ja että haaraputki (22) jakaa pääputken ensimmäiseen pääputkiosaan (26) ja toiseen pääputkiosaan (28), haaraputki (22) ja ensimmäinen pääputkiosa (26) muodostavat adapterin (20) putkiosan ja toinen pääputkiosa (28) muodostaa adapterin (20) kiinnitysosan.28), and that the branch pipe (22) divides the main pipe into a first main pipe section (26) and a second main pipe section (28), the branch pipe (22) and first main pipe section (26) forming an adapter (20) and a second main pipe section (28) the fixing part.
FI20155260A 2015-04-09 2015-04-09 ventilation equipment and arrangement for its installation FI127187B (en)

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