FI116302B - Multiroll calender for producing paper and board machines comprises roll stacks, thermo roll(s), and upper thermo roll - Google Patents

Abstract

A multiroll calender (10) comprises roll stacks (11), thermo roll(s), and upper thermo roll. The upper thermo roll comprises roll pair with top roll is supported on or openably locked. The closing, opening, and loading of top nip (1) is arranged by loading the shell of top roll from the inside and so that when the locking or support arrangement of the upper thermo roll is open. A multiroll calender comprises roll stacks, thermo roll(s), and upper thermo roll. The rolls are placed one on top of the other and/or next to one another. The roll stack(s) comprises >=4 rolls to form intermediate nip (2,3). Some of the intermediate nips can be opened by using relief devices. The multiroll calender top roll (12) and bottom roll (16) in each roll stack are provided with deflection-compensation devices. The thermo roll(s) is fixedly supported on or openably locked to a roll frame. The rolls in the roll stacks are movable into nip contact with one another for calendering fibrous web in closed nips. The upper thermo roll comprises roll pair with top roll is supported on or openably locked. The closing, opening, and loading of top nip is arranged by loading the shell of top roll from the inside and so that when the locking or support arrangement of the upper thermo roll is open. The closing opening and loading of the top nip is arranged by loading the bottom roll or shell of the bottom roll from the inside. The closing, opening and loading of the bottom nip (4) is arranged by loading the bottom roll and/or shell of the bottom roll. An independent claim is included for a nip load-adjustment and/or locking arrangement for a pair of calender rolls in a roll stack of multiroll calender and for a nip between the pair of calender rolls comprising calender roll, top roll and bottom roll, backing roll for hard and smooth-surface pressing roll, intermediate roll(s) between the top and bottom rolls.

Description

116302

Nip load adjustment and / or locking device Reglerings- och / cller läsningsarrangemang för en nypbelastning 5

The present invention relates to calendars. More particularly, the present invention relates to a nip load adjusting and / or locking arrangement for a multi-roll calender roll calender roll pair and a caliper roll nip comprising a top roll and a lower roll calender roll, at least one of which is provided with a resilient counter roll, and at least one intermediate roll between the upper and lower roll, and wherein in the roll stack the central axes of the calender rolls are parallel and transverse to the web direction, with adjacent calender rolls forming a calender roll pair having a calendering nip the press line or 15 plane is parallel to the center axes of the calender rolls of the pair of calender rolls.

When polishing a paper web, the paper web is guided through a calender, which ·· '· forms a web outlet where the web is processed in nipples, also called “tei * ·”; Typically, the nip is formed between a smooth surface press roll such as a thermo roll or a metal roll and a resilient coated counter roll such as a polymer roll where the web is treated or calendered by pressure, humidity and basket temperature. The quality of the treatment in the calender then determines the surface properties, so it can generally be said that with the increase in the number of nipples, the surface quality is improved, but in many cases 25 high quality surfaces are not needed or desired.

i t »> t» t · ... Flexible calendering refers to the ability to change the load of the calendering nipples in the calender while running *. Hereby, various combinations of calendering numbers and / or track openings allow for flexible calendering or continuation of production of various fiber 116162 fibers, despite deterioration, failure or damage of the roll roll (s).

In multi-nip on-line calendars, each roll stack typically has a minimum of two nips and three rolls. In such multi-roll calendars, the line loading of the nip transverse to the direction of web travel increases from the upper nip to the lower nip due to the ground traction. The calender solution currently developed by the applicant and now well known in the art and bearing the OptiLoad brand name is used to eliminate the increasing line pressure, to control the deflection lines of the individual rolls, and also to quickly open the nip within the roller. Such OptiLoad calenders provide, in addition to cushioning to compensate for traction power, the cylindrical and lever arm mechanisms associated with calender roller bearing housings or bearing housings provide a solution to increase and / or relieve nipple loading as needed, downwards decreasing. Because of such a wide range of calender nipples loading profile, the calender has a considerable calendering potential.

• 1 · I ',! Modern calendars are also subject to high demands on the calendering method 20. Different grades of paper require alternative methods; . loads the track. Therefore, flexibility in loading the nipples is required. · · ·, Adjustability and the possibility of using different types of roller coatings in the calender. A typical requirement for current calendars is also a structure that enables rapid paper change during driving by controlling the passage of the web between the rolls 25.

»·. ·· 1, A typical problem with calendering nowadays is that a roll break causes calendering, interruption of the calendering, and the need to replace the roll, which results in a production outage. The paper is produced at the presently increasing quality requirements, whereby during calendering, roller deterioration or other major roll damage 3,116302 or calender failure may require a change of tlc, also resulting in the need to shut down or interrupt the production process in the absence of an alternative or replacement

Prior art known from EP-890676, the calender roller can be adjusted so that the track opening can be implemented such that at least two open nips can be arranged between two closed nipples. According to the publication, the calender is provided with calender rolls movable along the guides in the calender body to open or close the nipples.

10

It is known from EP-661 405 to form a calender with four rolls and three nips so that it can optionally be run on three, two or even only one nip, with the lowest nip or optional lower nip depending on the number of nipples selected for calendering. and the remaining upper nipples are open. The calender according to the publication employs three deflection adjustable rolls and the order of the nipples is such that. when the nips are closed, the processing in the second nip follows the processing in the third nip. The possibilities for web calendering are thus very limited.

. ··· '. 20: v. EP-822289 discloses partial nip driving in a multi nip calender through a single nip. The calender has an upper or lower roller arranged in a vertical carriage in the vertical guides of the calender body. An additional roll above the upper roller or an additional roller below the lower roller is also arranged in the same carriage. Thus, the upper roller 25 and the additional roller above and the lower roller and the lower roller respectively form a pair of rollers with their own rotary drive. According to the publication, this pair of rollers is movable apart from the calender intermediate roll, whereby an additional '; the roller is movable to the top or the counter, the lower roller being designed to enable partial nipple movement in the canticle, · *. Alternatively, the additional roll is movable apart from the top roll 4116302 or the bottom roll, respectively, which enables normal use of the calender, i.e., the web being moved along a normal track through all the calender nips of the calender.

In general, the object of the present invention is to eliminate or at least reduce the calendering problems, limitations and weaknesses of the prior art, and to improve and expand the calendering potential of the web and calendering flexibility, i.e., the ability to provide different paper grades with a single nip calender optimize and enable opening or closing of nipples.

10

One particular object of the invention is to enable the load at least one individual nip to be adjusted or limited to be independent of the load on the other nipples of the track.

Another particular object of the invention is to enable at least one individual nip to be opened and locked to be unlocked regardless of the load on the other nipples on the track.

These objectives have been achieved by the present invention, which is generally owned; 'j 20 women that the nip load between at least one calender roll pair in the roll stack; "*: for adjusting, opening or locking open the calender roll pair is provided with a *' * 'nip load adjustment and / or locking arrangement affecting the calender: roll bearing housings or between the arms of the bearing housings and / or the load and / or support arms so that the load on the calender roller pair can be adjusted independently; »; · 25 m from the load on the other nipples on the track.

I t t I * »; According to a first embodiment of the invention, the nip load adjusting * > and / or locking arrangement comprises a nip load adjusting and locking nipple acting between the bearing housings · '; · of the calender rolls or between the arms of the bearing housings.

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30 pair of lifting elements. In this case, it is advantageous that the nip load adjusting and locking elements consist of a force acting against each other, each provided with a load shoe, the load surfaces of the load shoes of the power means being shaped to correspond to one another. It is particularly advisable to take into account the trajectory of the lever or load arms moving with leverage and to ensure that the adjustment and / or locking elements are held against each other, that one counter surface is convex, preferably convex, and concave, preferably concave.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the nip load adjusting and / or locking arrangement comprises a nip load adjusting and / or locking element acting between the support or loading arms of the calender roll pairs of calipers, one end of which is attached to one calender roll is attached to a support or loading arm of another calender roll in a pair of calenders.

15

According to a third embodiment of the invention, the nip load adjusting and / or locking arrangement comprises a force-movable nip acting between the bearing housings of the calender rollers or the carriage housings of the bearing rolls, * ··. a load adjusting and / or locking element which is located in the center of the pair of rollers. * ''. 20 wedge-shaped or spherical element movable in transverse direction.

In addition, it is a general characteristic of the invention that the use of a power means for loading and / or moving the nip load adjusting and / or locking element or adjusting and / or locking elements is preferably hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical '...' / or mechanical or other equivalent operation; : work. Examples of uses include: hydraulic power cylinder, • ,,, - pneumatic power cylinder, electric motor, manual drive.

»6 116302

It is also common to the invention that increasing the load on the nip load adjusting and / or locking arrangement produces a nip load reducing effect, and that reducing the load on the nip load adjusting and / or locking arrangement produces a nipple load increasing effect.

5

Advantages of the invention include: - by keeping the support of the calender roll paired with the lower roll of the roll stack locked, it is possible to independently engage both opening, opening and / or loading the roll stack sub nip and opening, holding and / or loading the top nip of each roll stack. the support of the calender roll paired with the upper roll can be independently provided both for fastening, opening and / or loading the roll nip top nip and for opening, holding and / or loading nip below each top roll nip, and for loading, unlocking and / or independently adjustable, and that the magnitude of the force between the rollers is individually adjustable in accordance with the invention, whereby the force exerted on the load of the single nip, · *. determines the desired load distribution in the nip. Typically, it is desired that the load or line pressure of an individual nip could be reduced or increased, i.e. adjusted; between 0 + 50 MPa. In the opposite phase, power supply to the body: · Minimizes load disturbances and increases damping.

To allow the roller nipples to be opened, fastened and / or loaded independently: *:: 25 it is recommended that each pair of rolls have at least one

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'·.' calender roll supported on roll roll with support for vertical movement. Such support is, for example, a mechanism comprising lever-moving load and / or support arms and bearing brackets for the calender roller bearing brackets ···. In order to apply the invention, it is also preferred that the upper roll 30 and / or lower roll of the roll stack be deflected.

7, 116302

For other advantages and details of the invention, reference is made to the following specific part of the specification.

The invention will now be described by way of example with reference to some preferred embodiments and embodiments thereof, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which FIG. 1 illustrates a first embodiment of the invention, FIG. 1a, illustrates a detail of the first embodiment, FIG. 2 illustrates another embodiment of the invention, and FIG. 3 illustrates a third embodiment of the invention.

Figures 1 and 2 schematically show a calender 1 having a single roll stack having an upper roll 2 and a lower roll 6 and three spacer 15a 3, 4, 5 arranged between the upper and lower rolls, where the upper, lower and intermediate rolls form the calender 1 calender rolls 1-6. In the roll stack, adjacent calender rolls 2.3; 3.4; The central axes C of 4.5 and 5.6 are parallel and in the transverse direction CD of the web (not shown). j. direction. In this case, the calender roller blades formed by the roll stack calender rolls 2-6; ; At each of the calenders, the calender rolls form a web calendering nipple N having a pressing line or plane parallel to the central axis C of the calender roller calendars.

It should be generally emphasized that the number and / or orientation of the rolls and roll stacks is not relevant to the basic idea of the present invention. Thus, the · ·: 25 roll stacks may consist of very different roll assemblies, and furthermore, the calender may have a very different number of roll stacks on top and / or side by side. It is further noted that the orientation of the roll · · · · may differ from the vertical and, if the calender has multiple rolls, · the orientations of the rolls may differ from each other as well as the horizontal orientation of the paper, pulp or other * »» 8 116302 a vertical line of the machine line, which is typically a lateral line parallel to the floor plane of the fiber machine hall.

In the embodiments of Figures 1-2, for simplicity only five calender rolls are shown in each case such that the center axes C of all calender rolls 2-6 are located vertically through the nipples N and the central axis C of the calender rolls 2-6. Of course, such a straight shape of the nip N press plane or line is not necessary or essential to the invention, but the nip press plane or line may form a knee or horizontal machine plane inclined press plane or line.

For the application of the present invention, it is preferable, but not necessary, that the roll stack of the calender 1 has at least one calender roll which is vertically supported or locked. This calender roll may be a lower roll 6 of a roll stack, a spacer roll 3-5 of a roller 15 or an upper roll 2. It should be emphasized that the present invention is equally applicable to calenders 1 in which all the calender rolls are vertically movable.

. * ·. In the following, the present invention will be described with the aid of exemplary embodiments in which vertical and ""; 20 supported or locked support and / or loading arms 11,: "12 provide a lower roller roller 5 which may form a pair of rollers and thus a N: 4 and lower roller 6.

Generally, in the present invention, for purposes of adjusting, optimizing, and / or enabling at least one nip N load of a roll stack I caliper 1 of calender 1, at least »* ·» »'*. * opening or closing one nip, the calender roll pair is provided with a nip load (adjusting and / or locking arrangement 10) affecting at least one calender -., / roll pair 2,3; 3,4; 4,5; 5,6 between calender rolls 2-6 bearing housings 9, bearing housings carriages,; brackets and / or load arms 11, 12. It is recommended, S · 9 116302, that at least one of the calender roller rolls is vertically movable, i.e. / or on the load arms 11, 12.

For moving the calender roll pairs of calender rolls relative to one another in the vertical-5 direction, in the embodiments of Figure 1, a nip load adjustment and / or locking arrangement 10 is provided in the calender roll pairs 2,3, 3,4; 4.5; 5.6 between bearing housings 9 or bearing housings of calender rolls 2-6, - in the embodiment of Fig. 3, a nip load adjustment and / or locking arrangement 10 10 is tracked between bearing housings 9 or bearing housings of calender rolls 4,5, and in the embodiment, the nip load adjustment and / or locking arrangement 10 is provided on calender roll bars 2,3, 3,4; 4.5; 5.6 between the caliper rolls 2-6 support and / or load arms 11.12.

15

For moving the support and / or loading arms 11, 12, they can be supported from their pivot point to the calender body 1 (not shown), whereby the calender rollers can be moved relative to one another to adjust the nip load or opt. · ·. to open the nip or to close the nip. Moving calender rolls; '; In the vertical alignment, guides fitted to the calender 1 body (not shown) can be used to allow the bearing housings or bearing housings slides to slide on the guides.

Thus, according to the invention, the loading of the nip N between the calendering rolls of the generally optional I: 25 calender rolls is improved and one-on-one. >. ' adjusting or delimiting the loop. Furthermore, the invention makes it possible to rapidly open or lock the nip between the calender 1 and / or the two calender rolls.

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··> Reference is made to the embodiment of the example shown in Fig. 1. Nipin N

; The load adjusting and / or locking assembly 10 comprises a pair of nipple adjusting and / or locking elements 101, 102 (Fig. 1a) acting on the roll stack calender rolls 2,3; 3.4; 4.5; 5,6 disposed on a calender roll pair between the bearing housings 9 of the calender rolls 2-6 or the bearings of the bearing housings. Thereby, by loading the nip load adjustment and / or locking assembly 10, the fish-5 blade rollers of the calender roll pairs can move relative to one another to individually increase / decrease the N load or to open / close the nip contact.

Since the nip N load adjusting and / or locking assembly 10 is disposed between the calender roller bearing housings 9 or the bearing housings carriages, the Nip N 10 load adjusting and / or locking assembly 10 alone can be used to change the nip N load adjusting and / or loading assembly 10 distance from each other to limit nip load or open nip. The nip load adjusting and / or locking arrangement according to the invention has an open nip N in a calender roll pair in the embodiment of Fig. 1. 5, 6-15

Reference is made to Figure 1a, which is an enlarged detail of the embodiment of Figure 1. The nip N load adjusting and / or locking assembly 10 consists of a pair of nip load adjusting and / or locking elements 101, 102 which act on it. · ·. ways of calender roller bearing roller bearing housings 9 or bearing housings carriages; ''; 20 in between. It is typical of this embodiment that the N load N adjusting and / or locking elements 101, 102 each comprise a load shoe 101 having: ·; the mating surfaces 102 correspond to one another. Since at least one of the calender rolls in the calender roll pair moves by means of the movable support and / or load arms 11, 12, the contact surfaces 102 of the load shoes 101 can move relative to one another. The magnitude of this relative movement is dependent on the length of the brackets t '·· and / or the loading arms 11, 12. To compensate for this relative movement and to ensure that the loading shoes 101 are held against each other, the mating surfaces 102 are shaped such that one of the mating surfaces 102 is convex, most preferably a convex spherical surface, and the other mating surface 102 is concave , edulli-: '; ': 30 smooth concave spherical surface.

11 116302

It is preferred that the use of the nip adjusting and / or locking assembly 10 to load and / or move the nip adjusting and / or loading elements 101 is preferably a hydraulic, pneumatic, electromechanical and / or mechanical or other equivalent actuator driven operation. As examples of some suitable uses, e.g. hydraulic power cylinder, pneumatic power cylinder, electric motor, manual drive.

In this first embodiment of the invention, by loading the nip N load control-10 and / or locking elements 101, 102, a pushing force is applied between the calender roll pairs of calender rolls, which tends to reduce the nip load and, if necessary, dissipate the calender roll calender rolls nip contact. By loading the nip load adjustment and / or locking assembly 10, the calender rolls of the calender roll pair can move relative to one another to individually increase / decrease the nip load or to open / close the nip contact.

Reference is made to the embodiment of the example shown in Fig. 2. This is kek-, ···. in another embodiment of the invention, the load 10 adjusting and / or locking fitting of the nip N is tracked by each of the calender roll pairs 2,3 of the rollers of the calender 1; 3.4; 4.5; 5.6 between the calender rolls 1-6 of the supporting and / or loading arms 11, 12. * * * *; In this second embodiment, each calender roll of the upper roll stack may be: ': Alternatively, the movable second calender roll of the calender roll pair may be supported or locked vertically so that the load of the nip i .; The use of a 25 adjusting and / or locking arrangement on this calender roll pair has no effect on the load nip of the adjacent bottom and / or top calender roll nip.

4 »» ·

In the embodiment of Figure 2, the Nip N load adjusting and / or locking arrangement: V: 30 10 consists of a hydraulic force or support element 103 acting on the caliper pairs of rollers between the loading and / or support arms 11, 12 of calender rolls. The hydraulic force or support element itself is a hydraulic, pneumatic, electric or electromechanical force or support element 103 coupled between the loading and / or support arms 11, 12 of the calender roller, which allows 5 to transfer power between the calender roller pair calender rolls. As examples of suitable force or support elements 103 may be mentioned e.g. hydraulic power cylinder, pneumatic power cylinder, electric motor, manual drive, distance measurement.

10 This allows adjustment of the nip load and / or opening and closing the nip between the calender rolls. Such a support or force means 103 according to another embodiment of the invention may exert a pushing force between the calender rollers which tends to reduce the nip load and even separate the calender rolls from one another, or a pulling force which tends to increase the nip load and re-release the nip contacts. By loading the nip load adjustment and / or locking arrangement 10, the calender rolls of the calender roll pair can move relative to one another to individually increase / decrease the nip load or to open the nip contact «l * · ·. * ··. Si / closing.

20: '': For individually adjusting the loads of the nipples N, the bearing and / or loading arms 11, 12 of the calender rolls 2-6 are two-piece 121, 123, wherein the first and second arms 121 and second arms 123 of each bearing and 9 or bearing housing carriage, a *: 25 bushing 122 is provided.

• | Since the load adjustment and / or locking assembly 10 of the nip N is disposed between the other arms 123 of the brackets or load arms 11, 12, the N adjustable load and / or locking arrangement 10 can change the nip N load adjusting:: 30 and / or the angle between the arm portions 123 associated with the load assembly 10 and thus 13116302 and stiffening the bracket and / or load arm 11, 12 by the intermediate joint 122 and adjusting or limiting the nip load or opening the nip. The nip load adjusting and / or locking arrangement according to the invention has an open nip N in a calender roll pair in the embodiment of Figure 2. 5, 6 5

Reference is made to the embodiment of the example shown in Fig. 3. In this third embodiment of the invention, the nip N load adjusting and / or adjusting roll 10 is disposed between the bearing housings 9 at each end of the calender rolls 4, 5 of the roll stack caliper rollers or the carriage carriage carriages on which the calender roller 10 moves. Thus, the load adjusting and / or locking arrangement 10 of the nip N affects the bearing housings 9 or the bearing housings of the calender rolls 4, 5 of the calender roll. At least one of the calender rolls of a pair of calender rolls 4, 5 is supported to be vertically movable, whereby the use of a nip N load adjusting and / or locking means, i.e. moving in a direction transverse to the line passing through the calender rollers 4, 5 center axes-15, does not affect the position of the stationary supported calender roll, but the nip load adjustment and / or locking arrangement 10 can adjust the nip load between the calender rolls 4, 5 and,:. distance between the calender rolls, and open or close the nip between the calender rolls, "*. 4, 5 N.

;; 20; In the embodiment of Figure 3, the nip load adjustment and / or locking arrangement 10 consists of a wedge element 104 acting on the calender roller bearing housings 9 or on the carriage housings: which may also be a combustible element. Particularly preferred according to the embodiment of Fig. 3 is a: 25 pin load adjusting and / or locking element 104 for the bearing housings of the calender rolls

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... * 9 or an element resting under the bearing housings carriages, i.e., in the figure, intermediate rolls 4 and 5, bearing housings or laags: casing housings carriages, which may be a compression or force transverse to the nip line; * mobile on the line. By moving element 104, on the one hand, the calender rolls 4, 5 can be separated from each other, i.e., open the nip or reduce nip load, or 14,116,302, on the other hand, allow the calender rolls 4, 5 to move towards each other, i.e., increase the nip load.

In general, it may be further noted that the nip N5 load adjustment and / or locking arrangement 10 of the invention is typically used for the optional roll pair (s) 2,3 of the roll stack; 3.4; 4.5; 5.6 for locking vertical positions 2-6 of the calender rolls relative to each other and to the positions of the other calender rolls. In this case, any optional nip N is left open and still the thread end or web lead can be passed through all nip N's. Likewise, the nip 10 N can be opened during the on-line run of the calender 1 in case of damage to the calender roll diaper or when there is a need to change the quality during the process, i.e. on-line run. Thus, when the nip load adjusting and / or locking assembly 10 according to the invention is sideways, i.e., the nip N closes and its load can be adjusted normally, and when the nip loading and / or locking assembly 15 according to the invention is used between the bearing housings 9, the bearing housings carriages or the calender roll bracket and / or load arms 11, 12, the nip N does not close or the N nipple load cannot exceed a certain limit, but forces are transmitted either by the load and / or bracket arms 11, 12 or ti. »," ·. Through bearing housings 9 to the next roll.

> · \ 20: ''; The invention can also be used to hold different amounts of different nipples and: '' ': to form different nipples as needed.

The invention has only been described above with reference to some preferred embodiments thereof; i 25 embodiments. However, this was in no way intended to limit kek- '· ·. And as will be apparent to one skilled in the art, many alternative solutions and modifications are possible within the scope of the inventive idea and the scope defined in the appended claims. Accordingly, the load adjusting and / or locking arrangement of the nip according to the invention can also be arranged between two roll stacks of a calender 1 comprising: 30. This makes it possible to combine separate rolls of rolls 116302 into a single roll stack, if necessary. For example, a preferred embodiment is that the nip load adjusting and / or locking arrangement 10 is fitted to a pair of rollers whose calender rolls are supported relative to each other by moving along guides and / or by lever moving on support and / or load arms 11, 12 and is the lower roll of the upper roll stack and the lower calender roll is the upper roll of the lower roll stack. The nip load adjusting and / or locking means according to the invention can also be easily converted to a roller structure consisting of a single roll stack of a calender into a roller structure comprising several rollers.

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Claims (11)

116302 A nip load adjustment and / or locking arrangement for a calender roll pair (2,3; 3,4; 4,5; 5,6) of a multi-roll calender roll stack and a nip 5 between the calender roll pair, wherein the roll stack (1-6) includes a top roll as calender rolls (2) and a lower roll (6), at least one of which is provided with a resilient coating and acts as a counter roll for a hard and smooth surface press roll, and at least one intermediate roll (3, 4, 5) between the upper and lower roll; are parallel and transverse to the web direction in CD direction 10 such that between the adjacent calender rolls forming a pair of calender rolls there is a web calendering nip having a compression line or plane parallel to the central axes of the calender roll pairs of at least one roller ; 3.4; 4.5; 5.6) for adjusting, unlocking or locking the load of the nip (N) between the calender-15 i is provided with a nip load adjustment and / or locking arrangement (10) acting between the bearing housings (9) of the calender rolls or the arms of the bearing housings and / or the load and / or support arms (11, 12) so that the calender. The blade load can be adjusted independently of the other tracks on the track. * 'Load. 20, * · ·. A nip load adjustment and / or locking arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the nip (N) load adjustment and / or locking arrangement (10) comprises a pair of calender rolls (2,3; 3,4; 4,5). ; 5,6) a pair of nip loadings acting between the bearing housings (9) or the bearing housings of the calender rollers (2-6):: 25, its adjusting and locking means (101,102). A nip load adjusting and / or locking fitting according to claim 2; The telescope, characterized in that the load adjusting and locking elements of the nip (N) each comprise a force-driven load shoe (101), the counter surfaces (102) of the opposing loading shoes being shaped to be similar to one another. A nip load adjustment and / or locking arrangement according to claim 3, characterized in that one of the mating surfaces (102) is a convex, preferably convex spherical surface, and the other mating surface is a concave, preferably concave spherical surface. A nip load adjustment and / or locking arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the nipple (N) load adjustment and / or locking arrangement (10) comprises a pair of calender rolls (2,3; 3,4; 4, 5; 5,6) a support or load nip load adjusting and / or locking element (103) acting between the arms (11, 12) of the calender rolls (2-6), one end of which is attached to a support or load arm of one calender roll one is on the support or loading arm of the other calender roll of a pair of ka-15 lumbers. A nip load adjusting and / or locking adapter according to claim 5, characterized in that the nip load adjusting and / or locking element * * «· (103) is itself a force means. 0 20 A nip load adjusting and / or locking fitting according to claim 1; telma, characterized in that the load adjusting and / or locking nip (N) of the nip (N) includes a bearing housing of a pair of calender rolls (2,3; 3,4; 4,5; 5,6) (9) or 25 'adjusting and / or locking elements (104) acting on the nipple load between the arms of the bearing housings. 1 · A nip load adjusting and / or locking fitting roll according to claim 7, characterized in that the nip load adjusting and / or locking element: (104) is a pair of rolls (2,3; 3,4; 4,5; 5). , 6) a wedge-shaped or spherical element movable by a force means transverse to the central axis (C). A nip load adjusting and / or locking arrangement according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the actuation means of the nip load adjusting and / or locking arrangement or forming the nip load adjusting and / or locking arrangement are hydraulic, pneumatic, electric and / or electromechanical. A nip load adjusting and / or locking arrangement according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that increasing the loading of the nip (N) load adjusting and / or locking arrangement (10) produces an effect reducing or increasing the nip loading or line pressure, and (N) reducing the load on the load adjusting and / or locking arrangement (10) produces a nip load increasing effect. A nip load adjusting and / or locking fitting according to claim 10, characterized in that the nip load or line pressure is reduced or increased. · ·. the balancing effect is between 0 + 50 MPa. »· 20 • · * · · • I · • • • • • • • i« r ♦ «t • • i ·» I> »· * i 116302