ES2746423T3 - Portable plant for the manufacture of precast concrete elements for concrete tower - Google Patents

Abstract

Portable plant for the manufacture of precast concrete elements for a concrete tower comprising a floor on which at least one concreting area (1) and at least one configuration area (2) are arranged for the formation of the inner reinforcement (12) of the precast concrete element, where the concreting area comprises at least one mold (5) for shaping the precast concrete elements characterized where the floor comprises a modular concrete slab that comprises, in turn, in the area of concreting (1), at least one concrete module (10) configured to withstand the stresses associated with at least the weight of the mold (5) for the shaping of the precast concrete elements and the respective precast element, where the configuration area (2) of the inner reinforcement (12) of the precast concrete element comprises at least one metallic structure that acts as templates for the configuration of the reinforcement d e the precast concrete elements, and in the configuration area (2) of the reinforcement: - the modular concrete slab comprises at least one concrete module (20) configured to withstand the stresses associated with at least the weight of the metal structure and of the reinforcement of the precast concrete elements, or - the floor comprises support modules configured to withstand the stresses associated with at least the weight of the metal structure and the reinforcement of the precast concrete elements that comprise at least one element metal; and where the concrete modules (10) of the concreting area (1) are thicker than the concrete modules (20) of the reinforcement configuration area (2), or than the support modules of the structures metallic elements of the armature configuration zone (2), respectively.

Description

DESCRIPTION

Portable plant for the manufacture of precast concrete elements for concrete tower

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

The present invention refers to a portable plant for the manufacture of precast concrete elements for a concrete tower that reduces the time and material used for the commissioning of said plant that allows the manufacture of precast concrete elements to be carried out. for concrete tower.

The object of the invention is a portable plant of precast concrete elements for a concrete tower that allows optimizing in each area of the same the use of concrete necessary to withstand the efforts associated with the weight of the elements that support these areas, reducing the total surface of the plant covered by the concrete and the time and resources necessary for its start-up and for its dismantling.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

In the field of wind turbines, the greater the height and power thereof, and therefore the thrust that the tower supports, the greater the moment at the base of the tower. To allow the associated loads to be supported, it is convenient to use a tower with a diameter at the base that exceeds the maximum dimensions of road transport, for which the towers are usually made of concrete and from segments of transportable dimensions. Each voussoir results from dividing a tubular segment into several longitudinal segments. Placing several adjacent voussoirs next to each other, a tubular segment or tower section is built, where the tower is made up of several tower segments thus constructed.

The voussoirs basically consist of a metallic framework or reinforcement in their interior that gives the voussoir the proper tensile properties and a part of concrete that provides the required compression structural properties. For the manufacture of the same, in a first phase the metal reinforcement is configured according to the geometric specifications, where said reinforcement is arranged in a mold that has a base and a countermould that closes it, to then pour the concrete that will cure, generally steamed, within said mold.

The shaping of the reinforcement is carried out on structures that act as templates for the configuration of the reinforcement of the precast concrete elements, where the reinforcement of a segment weighs approximately 10 times less than the total of the segment, so that the structure on which it is mounted also weighs about 10 times less than the mold where the shaped reinforcement is subsequently placed.

Usually, the prefabricated modules are shaped using steam curing molds in facilities specifically prepared for it and are transported by vehicle to the site, where the tower is assembled and the vertical and horizontal joints between modules are made.

The vertical and horizontal joints of a modular tower are critical from the structural point of view and also determine the time it takes to erect a tower. For this reason, the number of joints tends to be minimized, making the modules as large as possible, so that again the road transport determines the dimensions of these modules, which are built up to 20 m long and 4 m wide . However, the resulting weight of each module reaches 50 tons, which considerably increases the cost of transporting the precast elements from the point of manufacture to the site where the tower is erected.

In addition, there are locations where the wind resource can be good, but not the infrastructures to access them.

To avoid the transport of components of such a large size and weight, portable plants have been developed especially conceived for the manufacture of prefabricated elements for wind turbine towers that are located in the vicinity of the wind farm.

The Spanish patent ES2371960B1 discloses a portable plant in which a concrete slab is placed on the floor on which the different equipment and materials used are supported, a slab formed directly on the compacted soil, without anchors or foundations. However, this slab is formed directly on the ground and has the same characteristics in all areas of the plant.

The present invention discloses a portable plant for the manufacture of precast concrete elements for tower of concrete that solves all the above drawbacks.

Document JP2000210923A discloses a portable plant for the manufacture of precast concrete elements that comprises an apparatus for the manufacture of a concrete unit that in turn comprises a mold arranged in a place of mold arrangement to have a plurality of the same. .

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The present invention refers to a portable plant for the manufacture of precast concrete elements for a concrete tower according to claim 1, which comprises a floor where at least one concreting zone and at least one configuration zone are arranged. the internal reinforcement of the precast concrete element, where the concreting area comprises at least one mold for the shaping of the precast concrete elements.

The floor also includes a modular concrete slab arranged on a compacted ground prior to the installation of the portable plant.

This modular concrete slab in turn comprises, in the concreting area, at least one concrete module configured to withstand the stresses associated with at least the weight of the mold for the shaping of the precast concrete elements and the respective precast element.

For this, each concrete module has a sufficient surface and thickness so that the ground on which it rests does not give way due to the weight of the elements that rest on it.

In this way, the plant thus constituted allows the use of concrete to be optimized in each area, reducing the total surface of the plant covered by said material and the time and resources necessary for its start-up and for its dismantling, since the slab Modular concrete is only available where the weight of the components requires it.

Thus, optionally, the portable plant comprises separation zones between concrete modules in the concreting zone that comprise a covering material that covers the floor and isolates the environment inside the plant from contaminating elements that the ground may contain, such as for example dust, so that there are concrete free spaces between the concrete modules.

According to the invention, the configuration zone of the internal reinforcement of the precast concrete element comprises at least one metal structure that acts as templates for the configuration of the reinforcement of the precast concrete elements.

The modular concrete slab comprises, in the reinforcement configuration area, at least one concrete module configured to withstand the stresses associated with at least the weight of the metal structure and the reinforcement of the precast concrete elements.

Also optionally, on the floor of the portable plant there is also a transit area for people and material transport vehicles in an area attached to the concreting area.

This area for the transit of people and material transport vehicles comprises either a layer of pavement or metal sheets of transportable dimensions depending on the load capacity required in said area, or a layer of low-capacity covering material. load that prevents contamination of the plant environment so as not to affect the quality of the precast concrete elements. In this way, the metal flats can be reused in other plants after dismantling it.

The portable plant for the manufacture of voussoirs for the concrete tower thus constituted allows optimizing in each area of the same the use of concrete necessary to withstand the efforts associated with the weight of the elements that support these areas, reducing the total surface of the plant covered by concrete and the time and resources necessary for its start-up and for its dismantling.

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

To complement the description that is being made and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, according to a preferred example of practical embodiment thereof, a set of drawings is included as an integral part of said description. where, by way of illustration and not limitation, the following has been represented:

Figure 1.- Shows a schematic plan view of the portable plant for the manufacture of precast concrete elements for the concrete tower of the present invention.

Figure 2.- Shows a sectional view AA of Figure 1.

Figure 3.- Shows a perspective view of a concrete module of the modular concrete slab of the present invention, said concrete module supporting the efforts associated with the weight of the mold for the shaping of the precast concrete elements and the respective element. prefabricated.

Figure 4.- Shows a perspective view of several concrete modules of the concrete modular slab of the present invention, said concrete modules supporting the efforts associated with the weight of the mold for the shaping of the precast concrete elements and the respective element. prefabricated.

Figure 5.- Shows a sectional view like the one in Figure 2 where the area of the portable plant for the transit of people and material transport vehicles is elevated.

Figure 6.- Shows a sectional view like that of Figure 2 where the portable plant area where at least one concrete module configured to withstand the stresses associated with at least the weight of the mold for the forming of the elements is arranged. precast concrete and the respective precast element is partially buried.

Figure 7.- Shows a schematic plan view of the portable plant for the manufacture of precast concrete elements for the concrete tower of the present invention according to another example of embodiment.

PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION

The present invention will now be described in detail, where the portable plant for the manufacture of precast concrete elements for a concrete tower comprises a floor on which at least one concreting area (1), a configuration area ( 2) of the interior reinforcement (12) of the precast concrete element and a transit area (4) for people and material transport vehicles arranged in an area adjacent to the concreting area (1), preferably between the area of concreting (1) and the configuration zone (2) of the interior reinforcement (12), where the concreting zone (1) comprises at least one mold (5) for the shaping of the precast concrete elements.

The portable plant also includes a modular concrete slab arranged on the floor, which in turn comprises, in the concreting area (1), several concrete modules (10) configured to withstand the stresses associated with at least the weight of the mold ( 5) for the shaping of the precast concrete elements and the respective precast element.

Each mold (5) for the shaping of the precast concrete elements can rest on a single concrete module (10), where the concrete module is manufactured on-site, or it can rest on several concrete modules (10).

This reduces the material used for the adequacy of the floor of the plant and minimizes the time of putting it into operation, as well as it reduces the size of the concrete modules (10) to the point that the modules that make up the slab Modular concrete can be elements of transportable dimensions. In this way, the dismantling of the plant can be total and most of the materials used for the construction of the plant can be reused in the construction of another plant attached to another wind site.

The portable plant also includes a structure (7) with a set of pillars (8) and at least one area (3) for the passage of cranes (13) and for supporting the structure (7), arranged on the floor that includes foundations with anchorages to the ground in the area of the pillars (8).

The configuration zone (2) of the internal reinforcement (12) of the precast concrete element comprises metal structures (not shown) that act as templates for the configuration of the reinforcement of the precast concrete elements.

The modular concrete slab comprises, in the reinforcement configuration zone (2), at least one concrete module (20) configured to withstand the stresses associated with at least the weight of the metal structure and the reinforcement of the precast elements of concrete.

For this, each concrete module has a sufficient surface and thickness so that the ground on which it rests does not give way due to the weight of the elements that rest on it.

The concrete modules (10) of the concreting area (1) are thicker than the concrete modules (20) of the reinforcement configuration area (2), because the weight of the metal structures that act as templates for the configuration of the reinforcement attached to that of the reinforcement (2) that is mounted on them, it is of an order of magnitude less than the weight of the molds (5) and the precast concrete elements, preferably the modules of concrete (10) in the concreting area (1) are at least twice as thick as the concrete modules (20) in the reinforcement configuration area (2), more preferably the concrete modules (10) in the concreting zone (1) have a thickness of at least five times the thickness of the concrete modules (20) of the zone of configuration of the reinforcement (2).

The floor comprises, in the reinforcement configuration zone (2), support modules configured to withstand the stresses associated with at least the weight of the metal structure and the reinforcement of the precast concrete elements that comprise at least one element metal.

The portable plant comprises separation zones (9) between concrete modules (10) in the concreting zone (1), where said separation zones (9) comprise a covering material (6) that covers the floor and isolates the environment inside the plant of polluting elements that the soil may contain, such as dust.

The transit area (4) for people and material transport vehicles comprises either a layer of pavement (40) or metal plates (not shown) or a layer of low-load-bearing covering material.

The concrete modules (10) of the concreting area (1) are thicker than the support modules of the metal structures of the reinforcement configuration area (2) because the weight of said structures together with that of the reinforcement (2) that is mounted on them is of an order of magnitude less than the weight of the molds (5) and the precast concrete elements, preferably the concrete modules (10) of the concreting area (1) are at least twice as thick as the support modules of the metal structures in the reinforcement configuration zone (2), more preferably, the thickness of the concrete modules (10) in the concreting zone (1) have at least five times the thickness of the support modules of the metal structures in the armor configuration zone (2).

The portable plant also includes, outside its structure (7), a collection area for finished precast elements and another raw material collection area with transit areas between them. In these storage areas, the floor comprises a discontinuous concrete slab, of a thickness adapted to the necessary load capacity, which is greater in the area of storage of finished precast concrete elements than in the area of storage of raw materials, comprising transit platforms in transit areas.

Furthermore, a portable plant arrangement is particularly advantageous in which the concreting area (1) is arranged longitudinally along the floor and parallel to it, the configuration area (2) of the interior reinforcement (12) , as shown in Figure 1, since it allows the use of movable crane bridges (13) that rest on continuous concrete slabs (30) arranged in two areas of crane passage and support for the structure (7) of the portable plant (3) or conventional crane bridges (13) that support the structure (7) of the portable plant and whose span spans a station in the concreting area (1) and a station in the configuration area (2 ) of the interior reinforcement (12), understanding by stations the space occupied by a mold (5) and a metal structure. In this way, the number of crane bridges (13) required is reduced because it is possible to combine longitudinal movements on some wheels of the crane bridge (13) with transverse movements of the crane bridge carriage, leaving the concreting area (1) and the configuration zone (2) of the interior reinforcement (12) between both crane passage areas and support of the structure (7) of the portable plant (3).

In particular, the provision of a portable plant with two crane bridges (13) is particularly advantageous, as mentioned above for the case of a plant with 6 concreting stations with their respective molds (5) and 6 stations for configuring the internal reinforcement. (12).

The portable plant also includes concrete feeding means to the molds (5) that include concrete mixer trucks (11) from which the concrete is poured directly into the molds (5). In this case, in order for said feeding means to save the height of the molds (5), the transit area (4) for people and material transport vehicles is elevated with respect to the concreting area (1), either because the molds (5) are partially buried, as seen in Figure 6 or because the transit area (4) of people and Material transport vehicles are arranged at a higher elevation on the floor than the concrete modules (10) configured to withstand the efforts associated with at least the weight of the mold (5) for the shaping of the precast concrete elements and the respective precast element, as shown in Figure 5.

The concrete feeding means to the molds (5) further comprise continuous concrete pumping means comprising a tank, a pump and a network of ducts to directly feed the molds (5) without the need to transport the station to each station concrete using concrete mixer trucks.

In another example of embodiment shown in Figure 7, the span of the moving crane bridges (13) that rest on the continuous concrete slabs (30) of the portable plant is greater than the length of the molds (5), preferably to such an extent that, since the molds are located between the continuous concrete slabs (30), the available space allows the necessary work to be carried out around the mold (5). Each crane bridge (13) is used to move loads from at least two stations in the concreting zone (1) and two stations in the configuration zone (2) of the interior reinforcement (12), stations being the space occupied by a mold (5) and a metal structure.

Furthermore, overhead cranes (13) are used not only to move the counter molds and reinforcement of the precast concrete elements, but also to move the finished precast elements to the collection area (14) of finished precast elements. Preferably, each crane bridge (13) is used to move the finished precast elements from at least two stations in the concreting area (1) to two storage areas (14) of finished precast elements, which are preferably arranged in such a way. contiguous to the concreting zone (1) and to the configuration zone (2) of the interior reinforcement (12).

As can be seen in Figure 7, the stations in the concreting zone (1) and the stations in the configuration zone (2) of the interior reinforcement (12) are preferably covered by a tent (15), while that the storage areas (14) for finished precast elements are exposed to the elements. The crane bridges (13) allow the collection of finished precast elements not only horizontally but also vertically, by moving them vertically, to reduce the floor area required. For vertical storage, cradles are used between finished precast elements that may be made of concrete.

In this way, the plant thus configured is modular and achieves an optimized flow of materials. The solid arrow indicates the direction of travel of the overhead crane (13) for the flow of finished precast elements and reinforcement. The dashed arrow indicates the direction of the concrete feed flow to the molds (5) by means of the concrete feed means.

Furthermore, preferably, said portable plant comprises a crane bridge (13) for each two precast elements. If it is required to manufacture more prefabricated elements, parallel installations such as the one described in this example of embodiment shown in Figure 7 are provided. In said Figure 7 a plant with three modules is observed, each one of the modules comprising at least one overhead crane for the displacement of prefabricated elements and reinforcements between two concreting zones (1) and two configuration zones (2) of the interior reinforcement (12) as well as two storage areas (14) of finished precast elements. The manufacturing modules thus configured allow for optimized sizing of the manufacturing plant.

Claims (26)

1. - Portable plant for the manufacture of precast concrete elements for a concrete tower comprising a floor on which at least one concreting area (1) and at least one configuration area (2) are arranged for the formation of the internal reinforcement (12) of the precast concrete element, where the concreting area comprises at least one mold (5) for the shaping of the precast concrete elements characterized where the floor comprises a modular concrete slab which in turn comprises, in the concreting area (1), at least one concrete module (10) configured to withstand the stresses associated with at least the weight of the mold (5) for forming the precast concrete elements and the respective precast element, where the configuration area (2) of the interior reinforcement (12) of the precast concrete element comprises at least one metal structure that acts as templates for configuring tion of the reinforcement of the precast concrete elements, and in the zone of configuration (2) of the reinforcement: • the modular concrete slab comprises at least one concrete module (20) configured to withstand the stresses associated with at least the weight of the metal structure and the reinforcement of the precast concrete elements, or • the floor comprises support modules configured to withstand the stresses associated with at least the weight of the metal structure and the reinforcement of the precast concrete elements that comprise at least one metal element; Y where the concrete modules (10) of the concreting area (1) are thicker than the concrete modules (20) of the reinforcement configuration area (2), or than the support modules of the metal structures of the armor configuration zone (2), respectively. 2. - Portable plant for the manufacture of precast concrete elements for a concrete tower according to claim 1, characterized in that each mold (5) for forming the precast concrete elements rests on a single concrete module (10). 3. - Portable plant for the manufacture of precast concrete elements for a concrete tower according to claim 1, characterized in that each mold (5) for forming the precast concrete elements rests on several concrete modules (10). 4. - Portable plant for the manufacture of precast concrete elements for a concrete tower according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that a transit area (4) for people and material transport vehicles is also arranged on the floor. an area attached to the concreting area (1). 5. - Portable plant for the manufacture of precast concrete elements for a concrete tower according to claim 4, characterized in that the transit area (4) for people and material transport vehicles is arranged between the concreting area (1) and the configuration zone (2) of the inner armature (12). 6. - Portable plant for the manufacture of precast concrete elements for a concrete tower according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a structure (7) with a set of pillars and that at least one area is arranged on the floor of cranes and support of the structure (7) that includes foundations with anchorages to the ground in the area of the pillars (8). 7. - Portable plant for the manufacture of precast concrete elements for a concrete tower according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the floor comprises a covering material (6) in separation zones (9) between concrete modules (10 ) of the concreting area (1). 8. - Portable plant for the manufacture of precast concrete elements for a concrete tower according to any of claims 4 or 5, characterized in that the transit area (4) for people and material transport vehicles comprises, or a layer of pavement (40) or some metal flats, or a layer of covering material with low load capacity. 9. - Portable plant for the manufacture of precast concrete elements for a concrete tower according to claim 1, characterized in that the concrete modules (10) of the concreting area (1) are at least twice as thick as the support modules of the metal structures in the armor configuration zone (2). 10. - Portable plant for the manufacture of precast concrete elements for a concrete tower according to claim 1, characterized in that the concrete modules (10) of the concreting area (1) have a thickness of at least five times the thickness of the support modules for the metal structures in the armor configuration zone (2). 11. - Portable plant for the manufacture of precast concrete elements for a concrete tower according to claim 1, characterized in that the concrete modules (10) of the concreting area (1) are at least twice as thick as the concrete modules (20) of the armor configuration zone (2). 12. - Portable plant for the manufacture of precast concrete elements for a concrete tower according to claim 1, characterized in that the concrete modules (10) of the concreting area (1) have a thickness of at least five times the thickness of the concrete modules (20) of the reinforcement configuration zone (2). 13. - Portable plant for the manufacture of precast concrete elements for a concrete tower according to claim 6, characterized in that it also includes, outside its structure (7), a collection area for finished precast elements and another raw material collection area. with transit areas between them, where the floor, in said storage areas, comprises a discontinuous concrete slab. 14. - Portable plant for the manufacture of precast concrete elements for a concrete tower according to claim 13, characterized in that the thickness of the discontinuous concrete slab in the collection area of finished precast concrete elements is greater than the thickness in the area. of raw material collection. 15. - Portable plant for the manufacture of precast concrete elements for a concrete tower according to claims 5 and 6, characterized in that the concreting area (1) is arranged longitudinally along the plant and parallel to it, the configuration zone (2) of the reinforcement (12) and because the plant also includes sliding crane bridges (13) that rest on continuous concrete slabs (30) arranged in two areas of crane passage and support for the structure (7) of the portable plant (3) or conventional crane bridges (13) that support the structure (7) of the portable plant and whose light covers a station in the concreting area (1) and a station in the area configuration (2) of the interior reinforcement (12), understanding by stations the space occupied by a mold (5) and a metal structure. 16. - Portable plant for the manufacture of precast concrete elements for a concrete tower according to claim 15, characterized in that it comprises two crane bridges, 6 concreting stations with their respective molds (5) and 6 interior reinforcement configuration stations (12 ). 17. - Portable plant for the manufacture of precast concrete elements for a concrete tower according to claim 16, characterized in that it further comprises concrete feeding means to the molds (5). 18. - Portable plant for the manufacture of precast concrete elements for the concrete tower according to claims 4 and 17, characterized in that the concrete feeding means to the molds (5) comprise concrete mixer trucks from which the concrete is poured directly into the molds (5). 19. - Portable plant for the manufacture of precast concrete elements for a concrete tower according to claim 18, characterized in that the transit area (4) for people and material transport vehicles is elevated with respect to the concreting area (1 ), either because the molds (5) are partially buried or because the transit area (4) for people and material transport vehicles is arranged at a higher elevation on the floor than the concrete modules (10). 20. - Portable plant for the manufacture of precast concrete elements for a concrete tower according to claim 17, characterized in that the concrete feeding means to the molds (5) further comprise continuous concrete pumping means comprising a tank, a pump and a network of pipes to feed directly to the molds (5). 21. - Portable plant for the manufacture of precast concrete elements for the concrete tower according to claims 5 and 6, characterized in that the concreting area (1) is arranged longitudinally along the plant and parallel to it, the configuration zone (2) of the reinforcement (12) and because the plant also includes sliding crane bridges (13) that rest on continuous concrete slabs (30) arranged in two areas of crane passage and support for the structure (7) of the portable plant (3) or conventional crane bridges (13) that support the structure (7) of the portable plant and whose span is greater than the length of the molds (5) and each crane bridge (13 ) is movable to carry out the displacement of loads of at least two stations in the concreting area (1) and two stations in the configuration zone (2) of the interior reinforcement (12), stations being understood as the space occupied by a mold (5) and a structure metallic. 22. - Portable plant for the manufacture of precast concrete elements for a concrete tower according to claims 21, characterized in that the crane bridges (13) are movable from the stations in the area of concreting (1) and the stations of the configuration zone (2) of the interior reinforcement (12), up to a collection area (14) of finished precast elements. 23. - Portable plant for the manufacture of precast concrete elements for a concrete tower according to claims 22, characterized in that each crane bridge (13) is movable from at least two stations in the concreting area (1) to two storage areas ( 14) of finished precast elements, which are arranged adjacent to the concreting area (1) and the configuration area (2) of the interior reinforcement (12). 24. - Portable plant for the manufacture of precast concrete elements for a concrete tower according to any of claims 22 to 23, characterized in that the stations in the concreting area (1) and the stations in the configuration area (2) of the interior reinforcement (12) are covered, while the storage areas (14) for finished precast elements are exposed to the elements. 25. - Portable plant for the manufacture of precast concrete elements for concrete tower according to any of claims 21 to 24, characterized in that the crane bridges (13) are configured to carry out the collection of finished precast elements not only horizontally but also vertically. 26. - Installation for the manufacture of precast concrete elements for concrete tower characterized in that it comprises at least two portable plants for the manufacture of precast concrete elements for concrete tower of any of claims 21 to 25.