ES2633637B1 - Method of construction of concrete structures. - Google Patents

Method of construction of concrete structures. Download PDF

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Publication number
ES2633637B1
ES2633637B1 ES201630342A ES201630342A ES2633637B1 ES 2633637 B1 ES2633637 B1 ES 2633637B1 ES 201630342 A ES201630342 A ES 201630342A ES 201630342 A ES201630342 A ES 201630342A ES 2633637 B1 ES2633637 B1 ES 2633637B1
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Prior art keywords
concrete
mesh
construction
hollow body
mass
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ES201630342A
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Spanish (es)
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ES2633637A1 (en
Inventor
Miquel ROTA FREIXEDAS
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/16—Structures made from masses, e.g. of concrete, cast or similarly formed in situ with or without making use of additional elements, such as permanent forms, substructures to be coated with load-bearing material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B21/00—Methods or machines specially adapted for the production of tubular articles
    • B28B21/02—Methods or machines specially adapted for the production of tubular articles by casting into moulds
    • B28B21/04—Methods or machines specially adapted for the production of tubular articles by casting into moulds by simple casting, the material being neither positively compacted nor forcibly fed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B23/00—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects
    • B28B23/0006—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects the reinforcement consisting of aligned, non-metal reinforcing elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/16—Moulds for making shaped articles with cavities or holes open to the surface, e.g. with blind holes
    • B28B7/162—Moulds for making shaped articles with cavities or holes open to the surface, e.g. with blind holes for building blocks or similar block-shaped articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
    • B44C3/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing ornamental structures
    • B44C3/04—Modelling plastic materials, e.g. clay

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)

Abstract

Método de construcción de estructuras de hormigón; que comprende: - la construcción con una malla (11), y unas grapas o bridas (12) de fijación, de un cuerpo hueco (1) provisto de una boca superior (13) de llenado del mismo; - la sujeción o fijación del cuerpo hueco (1) a un soporte (2); - eventualmente la incorporación en el cuerpo hueco (1) de varillas (3) o elementos de refuerzo de la estructura de hormigón a construir; - la preparación de una masa de hormigón (4) con bajo contenido de agua, a base de cemento, áridos y fibras naturales, artificiales o sintéticas y; - la conformación de la estructura de hormigón (5) mediante el vertido de masa de hormigón (4) en el interior del cuerpo hueco (1) de malla hasta alcanzar su llenado y que dicha masa de hormigón rebose ligeramente por los agujeros de la malla (11), cubriéndola exteriormente.Method of construction of concrete structures; comprising: - the construction with a mesh (11), and fixing clips or flanges (12), of a hollow body (1) provided with an upper mouth (13) for filling it; - fastening or fixing the hollow body (1) to a support (2); - possibly the incorporation into the hollow body (1) of rods (3) or reinforcement elements of the concrete structure to be constructed; - the preparation of a concrete mass (4) with low water content, based on cement, aggregates and natural, artificial or synthetic fibers and; - the conformation of the concrete structure (5) by pouring concrete mass (4) inside the hollow mesh body (1) until it is filled and that said concrete mass slightly overflows through the mesh holes (11), covering it externally.

Description

Método de construcción de estructuras de hormigón. Method of construction of concrete structures.

Objeto de la invención. Object of the invention.

El objeto de la invención es un método de construcción de estructuras de hormigón, que presenta unas características orientadas permitir la construcción de estructuras de diferentes formas sin necesidad de crear previamente un molde a base de planchas continuas de material. The object of the invention is a method of construction of concrete structures, which has oriented characteristics to allow the construction of structures of different shapes without the need to previously create a mold based on continuous sheets of material.

Campo de aplicación de la invención. Field of application of the invention.

Esta invención es aplicable en la construcción de estructuras diversas de hormigón, tales como: biotopos, cimentaciones para espigones, cimentaciones para estructuras irregulares o estructuras sin molde. This invention is applicable in the construction of various concrete structures, such as: biotopes, foundations for breakwaters, foundations for irregular structures or structures without mold.

Estado de la técnica. State of the art

La construcción de estructuras o figuras diversas con materiales fraguables tales como hormigón, mortero, o similares requiere la construcción previa de un molde o encofrado que determina la forma final de la estructura a construir y que actúa como elemento de contención del material fraguable durante el tiempo de secado y solidificación del mismo. The construction of various structures or figures with fragile materials such as concrete, mortar, or the like requires the prior construction of a mold or formwork that determines the final shape of the structure to be constructed and acts as a containment element for the fragrable material over time. drying and solidification thereof.

La construcción previa del mencionado molde o encofrado puede resultar especialmente compleja cuando se trata de obtener estructuras de formas huecas, irregulares o formas curvas. The previous construction of said mold or formwork can be especially complex when it comes to obtaining structures of hollow, irregular shapes or curved shapes.

El solicitante de la presente invención desconoce la existencia de antecedentes que permitan resolver de forma satisfactoria la problemática expuesta, y que presenten las características de la presente invención. The applicant of the present invention is unaware of the existence of a background that allows the problem described to be satisfactorily resolved, and that presents the characteristics of the present invention.

Descripción de la invención Description of the invention

El método de construcción de estructuras de hormigón objeto de la invención presenta unas características que permiten resolver de forma satisfactoria la problemática expuesta y construir estructuras de hormigón u otras masas fraguables similares de una forma sencilla y sin necesidad de recurrir a la utilización de moldes complejos a base de planchas continuas de madera o metal. The method of construction of concrete structures object of the invention has characteristics that allow to solve satisfactorily the exposed problem and to build concrete structures or other similar fragile masses in a simple way and without resorting to the use of complex molds to base of continuous sheets of wood or metal.

Para ello, y de acuerdo con la invención , este método comprende los pasos o fases siguientes: For this, and according to the invention, this method comprises the following steps or phases:

a) la construcción con una malla, preferentemente de plástico, y con unas grapas o bridas de fijación, de un cuerpo hueco con la forma exterior de la estructura a construir y provisto de una boca superior de llenado; a) the construction with a mesh, preferably of plastic, and with fixing clips or flanges, of a hollow body with the external shape of the structure to be constructed and provided with an upper filling mouth;

b) la sujeción o fijación del cuerpo hueco a un soporte; c) eventualmente la incorporación en el cuerpo hueco de varillas o elementos de refu erzo de la estructura de hormigón a construir; d) la preparación de una masa consistente de hormigón con bajo contenido de agua, a base de cemento, áridos y fibras naturales, artificiales o sintéticas; b) securing or fixing the hollow body to a support; c) eventually the incorporation into the hollow body of rods or reinforcement elements of the concrete structure to be constructed; d) the preparation of a mass consisting of concrete with low water content, based on cement, aggregates and natural, artificial or synthetic fibers;

e) la conformación de la estructura de hormigón mediante el vertido de masa de hormigón en el interior del cuerpo hueco de malla hasta alcanzar su llenado y que dicha masa de hormigón rebose ligeramente por los agujeros de la malla, cubriéndola exteriormente. e) the conformation of the concrete structure by pouring concrete mass inside the hollow mesh body until it is filled and that said concrete mass slightly overflows through the holes of the mesh, covering it externally.

Con el método indicado, el cuerpo hueco de malla que determinará la forma exterior de la estructura de hormigón a obtener, se puede realizar "in situ" y de una forma rápida y sencilla, deformando la malla y fijándola en la posición deseada mediante las grapas o bridas de fijación. With the indicated method, the hollow mesh body that will determine the exterior shape of the concrete structure to be obtained, can be done "in situ" and in a quick and simple way, deforming the mesh and fixing it in the desired position by means of the staples or fixing flanges.

Una vez conformado el cuerpo hueco, éste se fijará sobre un soporte que puede tratarse por ejemplo de una base de cemento o incluso parcialmente empotrada en el suelo, de modo que se manlenga eslable durante el llenado del cuerpo con el hormigón. Once the hollow body is formed, it will be fixed on a support that can be, for example, a cement base or even partially embedded in the ground, so that it can be sealed during filling of the body with the concrete.

Los agujeros de la malla ulilizada para la conformación del cuerpo hueco pueden ser de diferentes tamaños, habiéndose previsto que tengan preferentemente unas dimensiones comprendidas entre 1 y 9 centímetros cuadrados. The holes of the mesh used for shaping the hollow body can be of different sizes, it being provided that they preferably have dimensions between 1 and 9 square centimeters.

La incorporación de las fibras en la masa fraguable de hormigón tiene la finalidad de minimizar la salida incontrolada del material a través de los orificios de la malla, permitiendo sin embargo la salida de una cantidad de masa suficiente para recubrir y ocultar exteriormente a la malla. The incorporation of the fibers in the fragmented mass of concrete has the purpose of minimizing the uncontrolled exit of the material through the holes of the mesh, however allowing the exit of an amount of mass sufficient to cover and hide externally to the mesh.

Tal como se ha mencionado en la relación de las fases o pasos del método de la invención, se ha previsto que el cuerpo hueco pueda incorporar interiormente unas varillas o elementos de armado con el fin de incrementar la resistencia de la estructura obtenida, una vez fraguado el hormigón. As mentioned in the relation of the phases or steps of the method of the invention, it is provided that the hollow body can incorporate internally some rods or reinforcement elements in order to increase the strength of the structure obtained, once set the concrete.

Descripción de las figuras. Description of the figures.

Para complementar la descripción que se está realizando y con objeto de facilitar la comprensión de las características de la invención, se acompaña a la presente memoria descriptiva un juego de dibujos en los que, con carácter ilustrativo y no limitativo, se ha representado lo siguiente: To complement the description that is being made and in order to facilitate the understanding of the characteristics of the invention, a set of drawings is attached to the present specification in which, for illustrative and non-limiting purposes, the following has been represented:

Las figuras 1 a 5 representan esquemáticamente sucesivas fases del método de construcción de una estructura de hormigón según la invención. Figures 1 to 5 schematically represent successive phases of the method of construction of a concrete structure according to the invention.

La figura 6 muestra una variante de la estructura de hormigón representada en la figura 5. Figure 6 shows a variant of the concrete structure shown in Figure 5.

Realización preferida de la invención. Preferred embodiment of the invention.

Como se puede observar en la figura 1, el método la invención comprende inicialmente la construcción de un cuerpo hueco (1), con una malla (11) de material pláslico y con unas grapas (f 2) de sujeción de la misma, una vez conformado el cuerpo hueco (1) con la forma deseada y con una boca superior (13) para su posterior llenado. As can be seen in Figure 1, the method of the invention initially comprises the construction of a hollow body (1), with a mesh (11) of plastic material and with fastening clips (f 2) thereof, once conformed the hollow body (1) with the desired shape and with an upper mouth (13) for subsequent filling.

A continuación, tal como se muestra en la figura 2, el mencionado cuerpo (1) se fija a un soporte (2) , en este caso mediante el empotrado de una porción inferior del cuerpo hueco (1) en una base de mortero aún sin fraguar. Then, as shown in Figure 2, said body (1) is fixed to a support (2), in this case by embedding a lower portion of the hollow body (1) in a mortar base still without set.

Posteriormente, tal como se muestra en la figura 3, se incorporan en el cuerpo hueco (1) unas varillas (3) de armado, empotrándolas en la misma base de mortero sin fraguar. Subsequently, as shown in Figure 3, some reinforcement rods (3) are incorporated in the hollow body (1), embedding them in the same mortar base without setting.

A continuación se prepara una masa consistente de hormigón (4), con bajo contenido de agua; incorporando dicha masa: cemento, áridos y fibras. En una realización preferente dichas fibras pueden ser de fibras naturales, por ejemplo fibras de coco; o fibras sintéticas por ejemplo fibras de polipropileno. Next, a consistent mass of concrete (4) is prepared, with a low water content; incorporating said mass: cement, aggregates and fibers. In a preferred embodiment said fibers may be of natural fibers, for example coconut fibers; or synthetic fibers for example polypropylene fibers.

Para conformar la estructura de hormigón, la masa consistente de hormigón (4) se vierte en el interior del cuerpo hueco (1) de malla plástica, de modo que rebose ligeramente por los agujeros de la malla (11) tal como se representa en la figura 4. To form the concrete structure, the mass consisting of concrete (4) is poured into the hollow body (1) of plastic mesh, so that it slightly overflows through the holes of the mesh (11) as shown in the figure 4.

El rebosamiento controlado de la masa de hormigón (4) a través de los orificios de la malla plástica, provoca que dicha masa de hormigón recubra exteriormente la malla, ocultándola totalmente, una vez terminada la estructura de hormigón (5), tal como se muestra en la figura 5. The controlled overflow of the concrete mass (4) through the holes of the plastic mesh, causes said concrete mass to externally cover the mesh, completely hiding it, once the concrete structure (5) is finished, as shown in figure 5.

Tal como se muestra en la figura 6, este método permite combinar varios cuerpos huecos (1) de malla plástica para obtener estructuras de hormigón (5) más complejas. As shown in Figure 6, this method allows several hollow bodies (1) of plastic mesh to be combined to obtain more complex concrete structures (5).

Una vez descrita suficientemente la naturaleza de la invención, así como un ejemplo de realización preferente, se hace constar a los efectos oportunos que los materiales, forma, tamaño y disposición de los elementos descritos podrán ser modificados, siempre y cuando ello no suponga una alteración de las características esenciales de la invención que se reivindican a continuación . Once the nature of the invention has been sufficiently described, as well as a preferred embodiment, it is stated for the appropriate purposes that the materials, shape, size and arrangement of the described elements may be modified, provided that this does not imply an alteration. of the essential features of the invention that are claimed below.

Claims (1)

REIVINDICACIONES 1. Método de construcción de estructuras de hormigón; caracterizado porque comprende los pasos siguientes: 1. Method of construction of concrete structures; characterized in that it comprises the following steps: a) la construcción con una malla (11 ), preferentemente de plástico, y con unas grapas o bridas (12) de fijación, de un cuerpo hueco (1) con la forma exterior de la estructura de hormigón (5) a construir y provisto de una boca superior (13) de llenado del mismo; a) the construction with a mesh (11), preferably of plastic, and with fixing clips or flanges (12), of a hollow body (1) with the outer shape of the concrete structure (5) to be constructed and provided of an upper mouth (13) for filling it; b) la sujeción o fijación del cuerpo hueco (1) a un soporte (2); b) securing or fixing the hollow body (1) to a support (2); e) eventualmente la incorporación en el cuerpo hueco (1) de varillas (3) o elementos de refuerzo de la estructura de hormigón a construir; e) possibly the incorporation into the hollow body (1) of rods (3) or reinforcement elements of the concrete structure to be constructed; d) la preparación de una masa de hormigón (4) con bajo contenido de agua, a base de cemento, áridos y fibras naturales, artificiales o sintéticas y; d) the preparation of a concrete mass (4) with low water content, based on cement, aggregates and natural, artificial or synthetic fibers and; e) la conformación de la estructura de hormigón (5) mediante el vertido de masa de hormigón (4) en el interior del cuerpo hueco (1) de malla hasta alcanzar su llenado y que dicha masa de hormigón rebose ligeramente por los agujeros de la malla (11), cubriéndola exteriormente. e) the conformation of the concrete structure (5) by pouring concrete mass (4) inside the hollow mesh body (1) until it is filled and that said concrete mass slightly overflows through the holes of the mesh (11), covering it externally.
ES201630342A 2016-03-22 2016-03-22 Method of construction of concrete structures. Active ES2633637B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES201630342A ES2633637B1 (en) 2016-03-22 2016-03-22 Method of construction of concrete structures.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES201630342A ES2633637B1 (en) 2016-03-22 2016-03-22 Method of construction of concrete structures.

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ES2633637A1 ES2633637A1 (en) 2017-09-22
ES2633637B1 true ES2633637B1 (en) 2018-03-08

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Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5567589A (en) * 1978-11-14 1980-05-21 Hirata Fumio Method of mortar made simulation rocks
JP3000040B2 (en) * 1991-01-25 2000-01-17 清水建設株式会社 Method of forming protective layer made of concrete molding on slope
JPH0742179B2 (en) * 1991-12-20 1995-05-10 株式会社スペースデザイン Pseudolite manufacturing method
JP2003056106A (en) * 2001-08-14 2003-02-26 Kazuo Yokohama Partition wall and method of manufacturing the same

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