ES2632980A1 - Machine and method for the enamellation of ceramic articles (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents
Machine and method for the enamellation of ceramic articles (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) Download PDFInfo
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- ES2632980A1 ES2632980A1 ES201730117A ES201730117A ES2632980A1 ES 2632980 A1 ES2632980 A1 ES 2632980A1 ES 201730117 A ES201730117 A ES 201730117A ES 201730117 A ES201730117 A ES 201730117A ES 2632980 A1 ES2632980 A1 ES 2632980A1
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- nozzles
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- enamelling
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B12/00—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area
- B05B12/02—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area for controlling time, or sequence, of delivery
- B05B12/04—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area for controlling time, or sequence, of delivery for sequential operation or multiple outlets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
- B28B11/04—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for coating or applying engobing layers
- B28B11/048—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for coating or applying engobing layers by spraying or projecting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B12/00—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area
- B05B12/08—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material to be discharged, of ambient medium or of target ; responsive to condition of spray devices or of supply means, e.g. pipes, pumps or their drive means
- B05B12/12—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material to be discharged, of ambient medium or of target ; responsive to condition of spray devices or of supply means, e.g. pipes, pumps or their drive means responsive to conditions of ambient medium or target, e.g. humidity, temperature position or movement of the target relative to the spray apparatus
- B05B12/122—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material to be discharged, of ambient medium or of target ; responsive to condition of spray devices or of supply means, e.g. pipes, pumps or their drive means responsive to conditions of ambient medium or target, e.g. humidity, temperature position or movement of the target relative to the spray apparatus responsive to presence or shape of target
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B12/00—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area
- B05B12/08—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material to be discharged, of ambient medium or of target ; responsive to condition of spray devices or of supply means, e.g. pipes, pumps or their drive means
- B05B12/12—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material to be discharged, of ambient medium or of target ; responsive to condition of spray devices or of supply means, e.g. pipes, pumps or their drive means responsive to conditions of ambient medium or target, e.g. humidity, temperature position or movement of the target relative to the spray apparatus
- B05B12/124—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material to be discharged, of ambient medium or of target ; responsive to condition of spray devices or of supply means, e.g. pipes, pumps or their drive means responsive to conditions of ambient medium or target, e.g. humidity, temperature position or movement of the target relative to the spray apparatus responsive to distance between spray apparatus and target
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B13/00—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
- B05B13/02—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work
- B05B13/04—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work the spray heads being moved during spraying operation
- B05B13/0447—Installation or apparatus for applying liquid or other fluent material to conveyed separate articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J11/00—Devices or arrangements of selective printing mechanisms, e.g. ink-jet printers or thermal printers, for supporting or handling copy material in sheet or web form
- B41J11/007—Conveyor belts or like feeding devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J25/00—Actions or mechanisms not otherwise provided for
- B41J25/001—Mechanisms for bodily moving print heads or carriages parallel to the paper surface
- B41J25/003—Mechanisms for bodily moving print heads or carriages parallel to the paper surface for changing the angle between a print element array axis and the printing line, e.g. for dot density changes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J3/00—Typewriters or selective printing or marking mechanisms characterised by the purpose for which they are constructed
- B41J3/407—Typewriters or selective printing or marking mechanisms characterised by the purpose for which they are constructed for marking on special material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B13/00—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
- B05B13/02—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work
- B05B13/0221—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work characterised by the means for moving or conveying the objects or other work, e.g. conveyor belts
Abstract
Description
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DESCRIPCIONDESCRIPTION
mAquina y metodo para el esmaltado de articulos de cerAmicaMachine and method for enamelling ceramic articles
La presente invencion se refiere a una maquina y a un metodo para esmaltar articulos de ceramica.The present invention relates to a machine and a method for enamelling ceramic articles.
En el ambito de la ceramica, se conocen diferentes metodologlas para aplicar el esmalte sobre las baldosas.In the field of ceramics, different methodologies for applying enamel on tiles are known.
Una primera metodologla conocida preve el uso de un dispositivo, denominado «campana» en la jerga, que posibilita la formacion de una pellcula de esmalte bajo la cual se pasa la baldosa.A first known methodology provides for the use of a device, called "bell" in jargon, which enables the formation of an enamel film under which the tile is passed.
Sin embargo, esta primera metodologla presenta algunos inconvenientes.However, this first methodology has some drawbacks.
Ante todo, preve un uso ingente de esmalte para mantener la continuidad de la pellcula lo cual, ademas de implicar un coste elevado, conlleva tambien un considerable incremento del peso de la baldosa. Por este motivo, el uso de la campana es poco adecuado para esmaltar baldosas realizadas mediante el procedimiento de monococcion las cuales, como es bien sabido, requieren una cantidad y un peso reducido de esmalte.First of all, it foresees an enormous use of enamel to maintain the continuity of the film which, in addition to involving a high cost, also entails a considerable increase in the weight of the tile. For this reason, the use of the bell is poorly suited for enamelling tiles made by the monocooking process which, as is well known, requires a reduced quantity and weight of enamel.
Otro inconveniente de esta primera metodologla conocida consiste en la dificultad de aplicar el esmalte de modo homogeneo sobre las baldosas. De hecho, la cantidad de esmalte aplicada es mayor en los bordes de la baldosa y menor en la zona central.Another drawback of this first known methodology is the difficulty of applying the enamel in a homogeneous manner on the tiles. In fact, the amount of enamel applied is greater at the edges of the tile and less in the central area.
Y no menos importante, a fin de recubrir toda la superficie de la baldosa, la pellcula definida por la campana debe presentar una extension superior a la propia placa, lo que conlleva un importante despilfarro de material. El esmalte que cae fuera de la baldosa suele recuperarse y reutilizarse. Sin embargo, el esmalte recuperado presenta una densidad diferente respecto al original, dando as! lugar a tonalidades diferentes respecto a las iniciales.And not least, in order to cover the entire surface of the tile, the film defined by the bell must have an extension greater than the plate itself, which entails a significant waste of material. Enamel that falls out of the tile is usually recovered and reused. However, the recovered enamel has a different density compared to the original, giving as! place in different shades with respect to the initials.
Una segunda metodologla conocida, definida en la jerga como airless, preve la aplicacion del esmalte mediante pulverizacion. Mas concretamente, esta metodologla se lleva a cabo mediante varias toberas que pulverizan el esmalte, dispuestas dentro de las relativas cabinas de esmaltado.A second known methodology, defined in jargon as airless, provides for the application of enamel by spraying. More specifically, this methodology is carried out by means of several nozzles that pulverize the enamel, arranged inside the relative enamelling booths.
Pero tambien esta segunda metodologla conocida presenta algunos inconvenientes.But also this second known methodology has some drawbacks.
De hecho, esta implica un elevado despilfarro de material, hasta el 50 % del material pulverizado, que permanece en suspension dentro de la cabina correspondiente. Para solventar estos inconvenientes, la mayor parte de las cabinas utilizadas actualmente para esta metodologla de esmaltado estan provistas de un sistema de aspiracion, dotado de un filtro para evitar la dispersion en la atmosfera de las partlculas de esmalte pulverizado que permanecen suspendidas en el interior. Sin embargo, esto origina inconvenientes anadidos, asociados a la elimination del esmalte que se acumula en los filtros y al hechoIn fact, this implies a high waste of material, up to 50% of the pulverized material, which remains in suspension within the corresponding cabin. To solve these inconveniences, most of the cabins currently used for this enamelling methodology are provided with an aspiration system, equipped with a filter to prevent the dispersion in the atmosphere of the powdered enamel particles that remain suspended inside. However, this causes added inconveniences, associated with the elimination of the enamel that accumulates in the filters and the fact
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de que el esmalte aspirado, un porcentaje del cual puede recuperarse y reutilizarse, presenta en cambio una densidad diferente respecto al aplicado inicialmente y, por lo tanto, puede dar lugar a tonalidades diferentes.that the aspirated enamel, a percentage of which can be recovered and reused, instead has a different density than initially applied and, therefore, can give rise to different shades.
Otro inconveniente de esta segunda metodologla descrita consiste en que resulta dificultoso, en concreto para los formatos de medianas y grandes dimensiones, aplicar de modo uniforme el esmalte en la superficie que se desea cubrir.Another drawback of this second described methodology is that it is difficult, particularly for medium and large sizes, to apply the enamel evenly on the surface to be covered.
El principal cometido de la presente invention es idear una maquina y un metodo para esmaltar artlculos de ceramica o similares que permitan distribuir de modo uniforme el esmalte sobre la superficie de dichos artlculos y al mismo tiempo reducir considerablemente, respecto a las metodologlas conocidas, el despilfarro de material.The main task of the present invention is to devise a machine and a method for enamelling ceramic articles or the like that allow to distribute the enamel evenly on the surface of said articles and at the same time reduce considerably, with respect to known methodologies, waste of material.
Otra finalidad de la prevente invencion es idear una maquina y un metodo para esmaltar artlculos de ceramica y similares que permitan superar los mencionados inconvenientes de la tecnica conocida en el marco de una solution sencilla, racional, eficaz, facil de utilizar y con un coste reducido.Another purpose of the present invention is to devise a machine and a method for enamelling ceramic articles and the like that allow to overcome the aforementioned disadvantages of the known technique in the framework of a simple, rational, efficient, easy-to-use solution with a reduced cost .
La presente maquina para esmaltar artlculos de ceramica segun la reivindicacion 1 consigue los propositos anteriores.The present machine for enamelling ceramic articles according to claim 1 achieves the above purposes.
El presente metodo para esmaltar artlculos de ceramica segun la reivindicacion 8 consigue los propositos anteriores.The present method for enamelling ceramic articles according to claim 8 achieves the above purposes.
Otras caracterlsticas y ventajas de la presente invencion quedaran mayormente patentes en la description de una forma de ejecucion preferida, pero no exclusiva, de una maquina y de un metodo para esmaltar artlculos de ceramica y similares, ilustrados a tltulo indicativo, pero no limitativo, en las tablas de ilustraciones adjuntas en las que:Other features and advantages of the present invention will be mostly apparent in the description of a preferred, but not exclusive, form of execution of a machine and a method for enamelling ceramic articles and the like, illustrated by way of indication, but not limited to, the attached tables of illustrations in which:
la figura 1 es una vista en axonometrla de una maquina de esmaltado segun la invencion; la figura 2 es una vista transversal de la maquina de la ilustracion 1; las figuras de 3 a 6 son vistas esquematicas de algunas fases del metodo de esmaltado segun la invencion.Figure 1 is an axonometric view of an enamelling machine according to the invention; Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the machine of Illustration 1; Figures 3 to 6 are schematic views of some phases of the enamelling method according to the invention.
En particular en lo referente a estas ilustraciones, se ha indicado globalmente con el numero de referencia 1 una maquina para esmaltar artlculos de ceramica o similares.In particular with regard to these illustrations, a machine for enamelling ceramic articles or the like has been indicated globally with reference number 1.
La maquina 1 comprende un bastidor 2 de soporte, al que estan asociados medios de desplazamiento 3 de al menos un artlculo P de ceramica o similar, por ejemplo del tipo de una baldosa.The machine 1 comprises a support frame 2, to which displacement means 3 of at least one ceramic article P or the like are associated, for example of the type of a tile.
Los medios de desplazamiento 3 definen una superficie de apoyo 4 del artlculo P movil a lo largo de una primera direction, identificada en las figuras con el numero de referencia 5.The displacement means 3 define a bearing surface 4 of the mobile article P along a first direction, identified in the figures with the reference number 5.
En la forma de realization representada en las ilustraciones, los medios deIn the form of realization represented in the illustrations, the means of
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desplazamiento 3 comprenden un par de correas 6 separadas entre si y enrolladas alrededor de las correspondientes poleas 7.displacement 3 comprise a pair of belts 6 separated from each other and wound around the corresponding pulleys 7.
Oportunamente, los medios de desplazamiento 3 comprenden tambien medios motores 13 adecuados para mover la superficie de apoyo 4, y por lo tanto las correas 6 en la forma de realization representada, a lo largo de la primera direction 5.Timely, the displacement means 3 also comprise motor means 13 suitable for moving the support surface 4, and therefore the belts 6 in the embodiment shown along the first direction 5.
Luego, la maquina 1 comprende al menos un grupo para el esmaltado 8 del artlculo P colocado (el grupo de esmaltado) sobre la superficie de apoyo 4.Then, the machine 1 comprises at least one group for the enamelling 8 of the article P placed (the group of enamelling) on the support surface 4.
Segun la invention, el grupo para el esmaltado 8 comprende al menos varias toberas 9 alineadas sustancialmente entre si a lo largo de al menos una direccion de decoration, identificada en las ilustraciones con la doble flecha 10, transversal a la primera direccion 5. Mas concretamente, las toberas 9 se ubican a una distancia «d» predefinida (a lo largo de la direccion de decoracion) y fija una de la otra.According to the invention, the group for enamelling 8 comprises at least several nozzles 9 substantially aligned with each other along at least one decoration direction, identified in the illustrations with the double arrow 10, transverse to the first direction 5. More specifically , the nozzles 9 are located at a predefined distance "d" (along the decoration direction) and fixed one of the other.
Cada tobera 9 esta preparada para aplicar una banda de esmalte en el artlculo P del mismo ancho, de modo que las bandas contiguas se unan entre si para definir una capa de esmalte sustancialmente homogenea.Each nozzle 9 is prepared to apply an enamel band on the article P of the same width, so that the adjacent bands are joined together to define a substantially homogeneous enamel layer.
De forma ventajosa las boquillas 9, en caso de que la inclination de la direccion de decoracion 10 respecto a la primera direccion 5 sea inferior a 90°, pueden pulverizar esmalte de forma secuencial.Advantageously, the nozzles 9, in case the inclination of the decoration direction 10 with respect to the first direction 5 is less than 90 °, enamel can be sprayed sequentially.
Mas en detalle, las toberas 9 solo pulverizan esmalte despues de que el artlculo P ha pasado por debajo de estas.More in detail, the nozzles 9 only spray enamel after article P has passed below them.
Preferiblemente, las toberas 9 pueden pulverizar esmalte a una presion inferior a 1 bar, de modo que salga un chorro sustancialmente continuo de esmalte y as! definir una banda de esmalte en el artlculo P. La activation secuencial de las toberas 9 ayuda a evitar descensos bruscos de presion y mantener as! casi constante la presion de pulverizacion.Preferably, the nozzles 9 can spray enamel at a pressure of less than 1 bar, so that a substantially continuous stream of enamel and so on! define a band of enamel in the article P. The sequential activation of the nozzles 9 helps to avoid sudden drops in pressure and keep so! almost constant spray pressure.
Preferiblemente, el grupo de esmaltado 8 es movil en rotation alrededor de un eje, identificado en las figuras 1 y 2 con la letra A, a fin de variar la inclinacion de la direccion de decoracion 10 respecto a la primera direccion 5.Preferably, the enamelling group 8 is mobile in rotation about an axis, identified in Figures 1 and 2 with the letter A, in order to vary the inclination of the decoration direction 10 with respect to the first direction 5.
De forma ventajosa, el eje A de rotacion se encuentra sustancialmente perpendicular a la superficie de apoyo 4.Advantageously, the rotation axis A is substantially perpendicular to the bearing surface 4.
Como puede intuirse en las ilustraciones, la primera direccion 5 yla direccion de decoracion 10 pertenecen a dos superficies sustancialmente paralelas entre si.As can be seen in the illustrations, the first address 5 and the decoration address 10 belong to two surfaces substantially parallel to each other.
Mas concretamente, la primera direccion 5 y la direccion de decoracion 10 son sustancialmente horizontales, mientras que el eje A se encuentra sustancialmente vertical.More specifically, the first direction 5 and the decoration direction 10 are substantially horizontal, while the axis A is substantially vertical.
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En la forma de realization representada en las ilustraciones, el grupo de esmaltado 8 tambien es movil en rotation alrededor de otro eje B dispuesto transversalmente respecto al eje A, para permitir el acceso de un operador a las toberas 9.In the embodiment shown in the illustrations, the enamelling group 8 is also mobile in rotation around another axis B arranged transversely to the axis A, to allow an operator access to the nozzles 9.
Preferiblemente, la maquina 1 comprende al menos una centralita electronica dotada de una unidad de procesamiento de datos y de al menos una memoria programable conectadas entre si desde el punto de vista operativo.Preferably, the machine 1 comprises at least one electronic control unit equipped with a data processing unit and at least one programmable memory connected to each other from the operational point of view.
La memoria programable puede configurarse previamente con al menos la dimension «D» del artlculo P a lo largo de la segunda direction 11 y la unidad de procesamiento esta programada para desactivar, entre las toberas 9, las que se encuentran fuera de las dimensiones definidas por el artlculo P a lo largo de la segunda direccion 11.The programmable memory can be pre-configured with at least the dimension "D" of the article P along the second direction 11 and the processing unit is programmed to deactivate, between the nozzles 9, those that are outside the dimensions defined by Article P along the second direction 11.
Por lo tanto participan en el esmaltado del artlculo P, preferiblemente, solo las toberas 9 que se ubican dentro de las dimensiones definidas por el artlculo P a lo largo de la segunda direccion 11 o, como mucho, tambien aquellas que se encuentran a la altura de los bordes laterales.Therefore, they participate in the enamelling of article P, preferably, only the nozzles 9 that are located within the dimensions defined by article P along the second direction 11 or, at most, also those that are at the height of the lateral edges.
Dicho de otro modo, en caso de que un artlculo P del tipo de una baldosa de forma rectangular o cuadrada, una vez configurado su ancho (o bien su dimension D a lo largo de la segunda direccion 11), la unidad de procesamiento desactiva las toberas que se encuentran a una distancia superior a D/2 respecto a la llnea central de la superficie de apoyo 4.In other words, in the event that an article P of the type of a rectangular or square tile, once its width has been configured (or its dimension D along the second direction 11), the processing unit deactivates the nozzles that are at a distance greater than D / 2 from the center line of the support surface 4.
Ademas, la maquina 1 comprende medios sensores 12, por ejemplo del tipo de una celula fotoelectrica, para detectar la parte frontal Pa y la parte posterior Pb del artlculo P durante su avance a lo largo de la primera direccion 5, los cuales estan conectados a la unidad de procesamiento desde el punto de vista operativo. Tambien los medios motores que mueven la superficie de apoyo a lo largo de la primera direccion 5 estan conectados desde el punto de vista operativo a la unidad de procesamiento de datos, por lo que tambien la velocidad de avance de la superficie de apoyo se conoce.In addition, the machine 1 comprises sensor means 12, for example of the type of a photoelectric cell, for detecting the front part Pa and the back part Pb of the article P during its advance along the first direction 5, which are connected to the processing unit from an operational point of view. Also the motor means that move the support surface along the first direction 5 are operatively connected to the data processing unit, so that the forward speed of the support surface is also known.
En el caso de un artlculo P con una forma sustancialmente cuadrada o rectangular, la parte frontal Pa corresponde por lo tanto al lado de avance del artlculo y la parte posterior al lado paralelo a este.In the case of an article P with a substantially square or rectangular shape, the front part Pa therefore corresponds to the forward side of the article and the rear part to the side parallel to it.
Ademas, la memoria programable puede configurarse previamente con la distancia, a lo largo de la primera direccion 5, entre los medios sensores 12 y al menos una tobera 9. Mas concretamente, la position de los medios sensores 12 respecto al bastidor 2 es fija y, por lo tanto, su distancia a lo largo de la primera direccion 5 del grupo de esmaltado 8 (y por lo tanto de las toberas 9), con este ultimo en una posicion predefinida, se conoce y puede configurarse en la memoria programable.In addition, the programmable memory can be pre-configured with the distance, along the first direction 5, between the sensor means 12 and at least one nozzle 9. More specifically, the position of the sensor means 12 with respect to the frame 2 is fixed and , therefore, its distance along the first direction 5 of the enamelling group 8 (and therefore of the nozzles 9), with the latter in a predefined position, is known and can be configured in the programmable memory.
Despues, la unidad de procesamiento es capaz de calcular la distancia entre los medios sensores 12 y las toberas 9 al variar el angulo de inclination de la decoration 10 con laThen, the processing unit is able to calculate the distance between the sensor means 12 and the nozzles 9 by varying the angle of inclination of the decoration 10 with the
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primera direction 5.first direction 5.
Por lo tanto, la unidad de procesamiento esta programada para calcular la distancia entre los medios sensores 12 y las toberas 9 en funcion del angulo de inclination entre la direccion de decoration 10 y la primera direccion 5 y el tiempo que transcurre entre la detection de la parte frontal Pa y la parte posterior Pb por parte de los medios sensores 12 y el momento en que estos alcanzan cada tobera 9, conociendose la velocidad de avance de la superficie de apoyo 4.Therefore, the processing unit is programmed to calculate the distance between the sensor means 12 and the nozzles 9 as a function of the angle of inclination between the decoration direction 10 and the first direction 5 and the time elapsing between the detection of the front part Pa and the rear part Pb by the sensor means 12 and the moment in which they reach each nozzle 9, the speed of advance of the support surface 4 being known.
Mas concretamente, la unidad de procesamiento de datos puede activar la pulverization del esmalte mediante las toberas 9 solo una vez que el artlculo P haya pasado por debajo de estas. En otras palabras, las toberas 9 pueden pulverizar esmalte una vez que la parte frontal Pa del artlculo P haya alcanzado las toberas e interrumpir esta pulverizacion una vez que la parte posterior Pb del artlculo las haya rebasado. Las toberas 9, al estar colocadas en sucesion entre si a lo largo de la primera direccion 5, estan en disposition de pulverizar esmalte secuencialmente.More specifically, the data processing unit can activate the spraying of the enamel by means of the nozzles 9 only once the article P has passed below them. In other words, the nozzles 9 can spray enamel once the front part Pa of the article P has reached the nozzles and interrupt this spraying once the rear part Pb of the article has exceeded them. The nozzles 9, being placed in succession with each other along the first direction 5, are in a position to spray enamel sequentially.
Asimismo, la memoria programable puede configurarse previamente con la distancia T deseada entre las toberas 9 a lo largo de la segunda direccion y la unidad de procesamiento esta programada para girar el grupo de esmaltado 8 alrededor del eje A correspondiente hasta que la distancia entre las toberas 9 a lo largo de la segunda direccion 11, calculada en funcion de la distancia d preconfigurada y del angulo entre la direccion de decoracion 10 y la primera direccion 5, corresponde sustancialmente a la distancia T preconfigurada.Also, the programmable memory can be pre-configured with the desired distance T between the nozzles 9 along the second direction and the processing unit is programmed to rotate the enamelling group 8 around the corresponding axis A until the distance between the nozzles 9 along the second direction 11, calculated as a function of the preconfigured distance d and the angle between the decoration direction 10 and the first direction 5, corresponds substantially to the preconfigured distance T.
En otras palabras, en caso de un artlculo P de tipo una baldosa de forma rectangular o cuadrada, una vez configurado su ancho (o bien su dimension D a lo largo de la direccion 11) y la distancia T que debe haber entre una tobera 9 y otra, elegida oportunamente en funcion del tipo de esmalte utilizado y de su densidad, la unidad de procesamiento gira el grupo de esmaltado 8 alrededor del eje A hasta conseguir la distancia T preconfigurada. Mas en detalle, la unidad de procesamiento, al conocerse la distancia d entre dos toberas consecutivas a lo largo de la direccion de decoracion 10 y el angulo de rotation del grupo de esmaltado, calcula en cada caso la distancia entre las toberas 9 a lo largo de la segunda direccion 11.In other words, in the case of an article P of a rectangular or square shaped tile, once its width (or its dimension D along the direction 11) is set and the distance T that must be between a nozzle 9 and another, opportunely chosen according to the type of enamel used and its density, the processing unit rotates the enamelling group 8 around axis A until the preconfigured distance T is achieved. More in detail, the processing unit, knowing the distance d between two consecutive nozzles along the decoration direction 10 and the rotation angle of the enamelling group, calculates in each case the distance between the nozzles 9 along from the second address 11.
A continuation se describe el metodo segun la invention para esmaltar artlculos de ceramica o similares utilizando la maquina conforme a la description anterior.The method according to the invention for enamelling ceramic articles or the like using the machine according to the description above is described below.
El metodo objeto de presente invencion preve, por lo tanto, el suministro de una maquina 1 dotada del bastidor 2, de los medios de desplazamiento 3 y del grupo de esmaltado 8.The method object of the present invention therefore provides for the supply of a machine 1 provided with the frame 2, the displacement means 3 and the enamelling group 8.
Luego, el metodo en cuestion preve la fase de colocation de uno o varios artlculos P en la superficie de apoyo 4 definida por los medios de desplazamiento 3, su avance a lo largo de la primera direccion 5 y la fase de pulverizacion del esmalte mediante al menos algunas de las toberas 9.Then, the method in question provides for the placement phase of one or more articles P on the support surface 4 defined by the displacement means 3, its progress along the first direction 5 and the enamel spray phase by means of the minus some of the nozzles 9.
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Preferiblemente, se procede a seleccionar algunas, entre las toberas 9, preparadas para pulverizar esmalte. Mas concretamente, se desactivan las toberas 9 que se encuentran fuera de las dimensiones del artlculo P a lo largo de la segunda direction 11, por lo que las toberas 9 preparadas para pulverizar esmalte son las que se encuentran a una distancia de la llnea central de la superficie de apoyo 4 inferior o igual a D/2.Preferably, some are selected from among the nozzles 9, prepared to spray enamel. More specifically, the nozzles 9 that are outside the dimensions of the article P along the second direction 11 are deactivated, whereby the nozzles 9 prepared to spray enamel are those that are located at a distance from the central line of the support surface 4 less than or equal to D / 2.
Preferiblemente, la pulverization del esmalte mediante las toberas 9 no comienza hasta que el artlculo P pasa por debajo de las toberas; estando estas ultimas en disposition de pulverizar esmalte de forma secuencial.Preferably, the spraying of the enamel by means of the nozzles 9 does not begin until the article P passes under the nozzles; the latter being able to spray enamel sequentially.
Mas en detalle, el metodo en cuestion preve una fase de detection de la parte frontal Pa y de la parte posterior Pb de cada artlculo P durante su avance a lo largo de la primera direccion 5, una fase de calculo de un primer intervalo de tiempo que transcurre entre la deteccion de la parte frontal Pa y el momento en que la parte frontal alcanza cada tobera 9, una fase de pulverizacion de esmalte mediante estas ultimas al termino de cada primer intervalo de tiempo, una fase de calculo de un segundo intervalo de tiempo que transcurre entre la deteccion de la parte posterior Pb y el momento en que esta alcanza cada tobera 9, y una fase de interruption de la pulverizacion de esmalte al termino de cada segundo intervalo de tiempo.More in detail, the method in question provides for a phase of detection of the front part Pa and the rear part Pb of each article P during its advance along the first direction 5, a phase of calculation of a first time interval which passes between the detection of the front part Pa and the moment in which the front part reaches each nozzle 9, a phase of enamel spraying by the latter at the end of each first time interval, a calculation phase of a second interval of time elapsing between the detection of the back part Pb and the moment in which it reaches each nozzle 9, and a phase of interruption of the enamel spraying at the end of each second time interval.
La pulverizacion del esmalte mediante las toberas 9 se realiza por lo tanto de forma secuencial, en el caso concreto de que el angulo entre la direccion de decoration 10 y la primera direccion 5 sea inferior a 90°, o bien comienza al termino de cada primer intervalo de tiempo calculado y se interrumpe al termino de cada segundo intervalo de tiempo calculado.Enamel spraying by means of the nozzles 9 is therefore carried out sequentially, in the specific case that the angle between the decoration direction 10 and the first direction 5 is less than 90 °, or it begins at the end of each first calculated time interval and is interrupted at the end of each second calculated time interval.
Mas en detalle, se han previsto las fases de:More in detail, the phases of:
- Configuration de la distancia entre los medios sensores 12 y al menos una tobera 9 con el grupo de esmaltado 8 en una position predefinida.- Configuration of the distance between the sensor means 12 and at least one nozzle 9 with the enamelling group 8 in a predefined position.
- Deteccion del angulo entre la direccion de decoracion 10 y la primera direccion 5.- Detection of the angle between the decoration address 10 and the first address 5.
- Calculo de la distancia entre las toberas 9 alo largo de la primera direccion 5, dependiendo este calculo de la distancia d predefinida a lo largo de la direccion de decoracion 10 y del angulo entre esta ultima y la primera direccion 5.- Calculation of the distance between the nozzles 9 along the first direction 5, this calculation depending on the predefined distance along the decoration direction 10 and the angle between the latter and the first direction 5.
- Calculo de la distancia entre los medios sensores 12 y las toberas 9.- Calculation of the distance between the sensor means 12 and the nozzles 9.
- Calculo de los intervalos de tiempo que tardan la parte frontal Pa y la parte posterior Pb- Calculation of the time intervals that take the front part Pa and the back part Pb
de cada artlculo P en llegar a las toberas 9, dependiendo este calculo de las distancias calculadas anteriormente y de la velocidad de avance de la superficie de apoyo 4.of each article P in arriving at the nozzles 9, this calculation depending on the distances calculated above and on the speed of advance of the support surface 4.
Las fases de calculo de la distancia entre las toberas 9 en funcion del angulo deThe phases of calculation of the distance between the nozzles 9 depending on the angle of
inclination entre la direccion de decoracion 10 y la primera direccion 5, de la distanciainclination between the decoration address 10 and the first address 5, of the distance
entre los medios sensores 12 y las toberas 9, de los intervalos de tiempo mencionados y la consiguiente activation e interrupcion de la pulverizacion de esmalte corren a cargo de una unidad de procesamiento por efecto de su conexion con los medios sensores 12, con los medios motores 13, con el grupo de esmaltado 8 (a fin de detectar el angulo de inclinacion entre la direccion de decoracion 10 y la primera direccion 5) y con la memoriabetween the sensing means 12 and the nozzles 9, of the aforementioned time intervals and the consequent activation and interruption of the enamel spraying are carried out by a processing unit as a result of its connection with the sensor means 12, with the motor means 13, with the enamelling group 8 (in order to detect the angle of inclination between the decoration address 10 and the first address 5) and with the memory
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programable en la que se configuran los mencionados valores predefinidos.programmable in which the aforementioned predefined values are configured.
De forma ventajosa, el metodo en cuestion preve tambien las fases de preconfiguracion de la distancia T, a lo largo de la segunda direction 11, de la distancia entre las toberas 9 y de la rotation del grupo de esmaltado 8 hasta alcanzar la distancia T preconfigurada.Advantageously, the method in question also provides for the preconfiguration phases of the distance T, along the second direction 11, of the distance between the nozzles 9 and the rotation of the enamelling group 8 until reaching the preconfigured distance T .
La distancia T se elige oportunamente en funcion del tipo de esmalte utilizado y de su densidad, por lo que puede variar dependiendo del ancho de las bandas de esmalte que aplican las toberas 9.The distance T is chosen in due course depending on the type of enamel used and its density, so it can vary depending on the width of the enamel bands applied by the nozzles 9.
Como alternativa, a fin de regular el ancho de las bandas de esmalte aplicadas por las toberas 9, es posible modificar la presion de pulverization del esmalte.Alternatively, in order to regulate the width of the enamel bands applied by the nozzles 9, it is possible to modify the spray pressure of the enamel.
Mas en detalle, un operador configura previamente la distancia T en la memoria programable y la unidad de procesamiento de datos se programa para girar el grupo de esmaltado 8 hasta que la distancia entre las toberas 9 a lo largo de la segunda direccion 11 no se corresponda sustancialmente con la distancia T.More in detail, an operator previously configures the distance T in the programmable memory and the data processing unit is programmed to rotate the enamelling group 8 until the distance between the nozzles 9 along the second direction 11 does not correspond substantially with the distance T.
En la practica, se ha constatado que la invention descrita consigue las finalidades perseguidas y en concreto se subraya que la maquina objeto de la presente invencion permite revestir de modo homogeneo la superficie que se desea esmaltar.In practice, it has been found that the described invention achieves the aims pursued and in particular it is stressed that the machine object of the present invention allows the surface to be enameled to be coated homogeneously.
El esmaltado mediante una pluralidad de toberas a la misma distancia entre si, cada una de las cuales esta en disposicion de aplicar una banda de esmalte de identico ancho sobre la superficie que se desea revestir, permite esmaltar de modo homogeneo toda la superficie del artlculo.The enamelling by means of a plurality of nozzles at the same distance from each other, each of which is in a position to apply a wide identical enamel band on the surface to be coated, allows the entire surface of the article to be homogeneously enameled.
Ademas, el hecho de pulverizar esmalte de forma secuencial y solo una vez que el artlculo que se desea esmaltar ha pasado bajo las correspondientes toberas tambien permite reducir al mlnimo los despilfarros.In addition, the fact of spraying enamel sequentially and only once the article to be enameled has passed under the corresponding nozzles also allows to minimize waste.
Despilfarros que se reducen todavla mas gracias a la desactivacion de las toberas que, dependiendo de las dimensiones del artlculo que se desea esmaltar, no resultan utiles para decorar el artlculo, o bien que pulverizarlan esmalte fuera de la superficie objeto de revestimiento.Waste that is reduced even more thanks to the deactivation of the nozzles that, depending on the dimensions of the article that is desired to be enameled, are not useful for decorating the article, or that they spray enamel outside the surface object of coating.
Asimismo, el hecho de que las toberas encargadas de pulverizar el esmalte se activen de forma secuencial permite mantener la presion de pulverizacion practicamente constante y, por lo tanto, una aplicacion sustancialmente uniforme del esmalte en las diferentes zonas del artlculo.Likewise, the fact that the nozzles in charge of spraying the enamel are activated sequentially makes it possible to keep the spray pressure practically constant and, therefore, a substantially uniform application of the enamel in the different areas of the article.
La posibilidad de girar el grupo de esmaltado permite adaptarlo de modo flexible, segun las exigencias especlficas del caso, o bien del tipo y de la densidad del esmalte, la distancia entre las toberas a lo largo de la direccion perpendicular a la de avance del artlculo, a fin de obtener la aplicacion optima del esmalte.The possibility of rotating the enamelling group allows it to adapt flexibly, according to the specific requirements of the case, or the type and density of the enamel, the distance between the nozzles along the direction perpendicular to that of the advance of the article , in order to obtain the optimal application of the enamel.
Claims (16)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT102016000010647 | 2016-02-02 | ||
| ITUB2016A000063A ITUB20160063A1 (en) | 2016-02-02 | 2016-02-02 | MACHINE AND METHOD FOR THE ENAMELLING OF CERAMIC ARTICLES |
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| ES2632980A1 true ES2632980A1 (en) | 2017-09-18 |
| ES2632980B1 ES2632980B1 (en) | 2018-08-02 |
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| ES201730117A Withdrawn - After Issue ES2632980B1 (en) | 2016-02-02 | 2017-02-01 | MACHINE AND METHOD FOR CERAMIC ITEMS ENAMELING |
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| IT (1) | ITUB20160063A1 (en) |
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| CN108527624B (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2020-03-24 | 重庆新康洁具有限责任公司 | Glaze spraying equipment for sanitary appliance |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5077653A (en) * | 1988-11-28 | 1991-12-31 | Christian Barlet | Process and device for programmed spreading of an active product on the surface of the ground |
| US20040163589A1 (en) * | 2002-08-28 | 2004-08-26 | Amtec Kistler Gmbh | Device for applying a coating agent |
| US20050255249A1 (en) * | 2002-05-29 | 2005-11-17 | Dirk Schlatterbeck | Method for applying coatings to surfaces |
| WO2014149898A1 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2014-09-25 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Complex showerhead coating apparatus with electrospray for lithium ion battery |
| WO2014149695A1 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2014-09-25 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Apparatus for material spray deposition of high solid percentage slurries for battery active material manufacture applications |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20060093751A1 (en) * | 2004-11-04 | 2006-05-04 | Applied Materials, Inc. | System and methods for inkjet printing for flat panel displays |
| ITMO20060038A1 (en) * | 2006-02-07 | 2007-08-08 | Syfal Spa | APPARATUS FOR DECORATION OF CERAMIC TILES |
| IT1398100B1 (en) * | 2010-02-02 | 2013-02-07 | Palumbo | INK JET PRINTING DEVICE AND METHOD, FOR SURFACES WITH SURVEYS OR RECEIVERS |
| ITMO20100206A1 (en) * | 2010-07-09 | 2012-01-10 | Tecno System S R L | DIGITAL MACHINE FOR DECORATION OF CERAMIC TILES |
-
2016
- 2016-02-02 IT ITUB2016A000063A patent/ITUB20160063A1/en unknown
-
2017
- 2017-02-01 ES ES201730117A patent/ES2632980B1/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5077653A (en) * | 1988-11-28 | 1991-12-31 | Christian Barlet | Process and device for programmed spreading of an active product on the surface of the ground |
| US20050255249A1 (en) * | 2002-05-29 | 2005-11-17 | Dirk Schlatterbeck | Method for applying coatings to surfaces |
| US20040163589A1 (en) * | 2002-08-28 | 2004-08-26 | Amtec Kistler Gmbh | Device for applying a coating agent |
| WO2014149898A1 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2014-09-25 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Complex showerhead coating apparatus with electrospray for lithium ion battery |
| WO2014149695A1 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2014-09-25 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Apparatus for material spray deposition of high solid percentage slurries for battery active material manufacture applications |
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| ES2632980B1 (en) | 2018-08-02 |
| ITUB20160063A1 (en) | 2017-08-02 |
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