ES2574102B1 - CLEANING SYSTEM FOR CYLINDER-PARABOLIC COLLECTORS AND METHOD ASSOCIATED WITH SUCH SYSTEM - Google Patents
CLEANING SYSTEM FOR CYLINDER-PARABOLIC COLLECTORS AND METHOD ASSOCIATED WITH SUCH SYSTEM Download PDFInfo
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- ES2574102B1 ES2574102B1 ES201431674A ES201431674A ES2574102B1 ES 2574102 B1 ES2574102 B1 ES 2574102B1 ES 201431674 A ES201431674 A ES 201431674A ES 201431674 A ES201431674 A ES 201431674A ES 2574102 B1 ES2574102 B1 ES 2574102B1
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- cleaning
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
- F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
- F24S23/74—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors with trough-shaped or cylindro-parabolic reflective surfaces
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S40/00—Safety or protection arrangements of solar heat collectors; Preventing malfunction of solar heat collectors
- F24S40/20—Cleaning; Removing snow
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
Abstract
Sistema de limpieza para colectores cilindro-parabólicos y método asociado a dicho sistema.#La presente invención se refiere a un sistema para la limpieza de colectores cilindro-parabólicos de espejo (4) y a un método de limpieza que comprende dicho sistema. El sistema comprende, preferentemente, uno o más raíles (2, 2') instalados en los extremos transversales del espejo (4) de los módulos (3, 3') que forman los colectores; un carro de limpieza (1) equipado con medios de limpieza de la superficie del espejo (4); y medios de desplazamiento del carro (1) a lo largo de los raíles (2, 2'). Ventajosamente, los medios de desplazamiento del carro comprenden, al menos, una embocadura (19) para absorber las posibles desalineaciones entre raíles (2, 2') instalados en módulos (3, 3') y/o colectores contiguos. El sistema permite su utilización de forma automática a lo largo de una pluralidad de colectores en una planta solar, permitiendo superar las limitaciones de los sistemas conocidos del estado de la técnica.Cleaning system for parabolic trough collectors and method associated with said system. # The present invention relates to a system for cleaning cylindrical parabolic trough collectors (4) and a cleaning method comprising said system. The system preferably comprises one or more rails (2, 2 ') installed at the transverse ends of the mirror (4) of the modules (3, 3') that form the collectors; a cleaning car (1) equipped with means for cleaning the surface of the mirror (4); and means for moving the carriage (1) along the rails (2, 2 '). Advantageously, the means for moving the carriage comprise at least one mouth (19) to absorb possible misalignments between rails (2, 2 ') installed in modules (3, 3') and / or adjacent collectors. The system allows its use automatically along a plurality of collectors in a solar plant, allowing to overcome the limitations of the systems known in the state of the art.
Description
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DESCRIPCIONDESCRIPTION
SISTEMA DE LIMPIEZA PARA COLECTORES CILINDRO-PARABOLICOS Y METODO ASOCIADO A DICHO SISTEMACLEANING SYSTEM FOR CYLINDER-PARABOLIC COLLECTORS AND METHOD ASSOCIATED WITH SUCH SYSTEM
CAMPO DE LA INVENCIONFIELD OF THE INVENTION
La presente invencion se enmarca dentro del campo tecnico correspondiente a equipos automaticos para la limpieza de estructuras reflectantes de colectores termosolares. Mas concretamente, la invencion se refiere a un sistema para la limpieza de colectores cilindro- parabolicos y, asimismo, a un metodo de limpieza que comprende la utilizacion de dicho sistema.The present invention is part of the technical field corresponding to automatic equipment for cleaning reflective structures of solar thermal collectors. More specifically, the invention relates to a system for cleaning parabolic trough collectors and, also, a cleaning method comprising the use of said system.
ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIONBACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
En la actualidad es conocida la existencia de vehfculos de limpieza, tales como camiones, especialmente preparados para la limpieza de colectores solares. Dichos vehfculos estan habitualmente equipados con un deposito de agua y una pluralidad de brazos articulados, que se adaptan a la forma de los colectores, y que llevan instalados elementos de limpieza tales como boquillas difusoras de agua, cepillos giratorios en forma de disco, o rodillos de lavado, que permiten realizar la limpieza de los colectores desplazandose por el recinto del campo solar. Un ejemplo de de los citados vehfculos se describe en la solicitud de patente ES 2350083 A1, si bien todos ellos comparten un modo de operacion comun, siendo necesario su transito por caminos paralelos a los colectores solares, asf como su guiado o conduccion por parte de operarios mientras se realizan las operaciones de limpieza.At present, the existence of cleaning vehicles, such as trucks, especially prepared for cleaning solar collectors is known. Such vehicles are usually equipped with a water tank and a plurality of articulated arms, which adapt to the shape of the collectors, and that have cleaning elements installed such as water diffusion nozzles, rotating disc-shaped brushes, or rollers. of washing, that allow to realize the cleaning of the collectors moving by the enclosure of the solar field. An example of the aforementioned vehicles is described in the patent application ES 2350083 A1, although all of them share a common mode of operation, their traffic being necessary along roads parallel to the solar collectors, as well as their guidance or driving by operators while cleaning operations are performed.
Como alternativa a los vehfculos de limpieza anteriores, es tambien conocida la existencia de sistemas acoplables a la propia estructura del colector solar, utilizados principalmente en colectores fotovoltaicos (como por ejemplo, el sistema divulgado en la patente US 8,240,320 B2) y, de forma minoritaria, en colectores cilindro-parabolicos (por ejemplo, el sistema divulgado en la solicitud de patente DE 2738666 A1). Estos sistemas comprenden medios de limpieza que transitan sobre la propia superficie efectiva del colector, tanto de forma manual como de forma automatica, estando en algunos casos equipados con medios programables para la realizacion de las operaciones de limpieza. En diferentes realizaciones de los citados sistemas, estos comprenden habitualmente medios de desplazamientoAs an alternative to the previous cleaning vehicles, it is also known that there are systems that can be attached to the structure of the solar collector, used mainly in photovoltaic collectors (such as the system disclosed in US Patent 8,240,320 B2) and, in a minority , in parabolic trough collectors (for example, the system disclosed in patent application DE 2738666 A1). These systems comprise cleaning means that transit over the actual effective surface of the collector, both manually and automatically, being in some cases equipped with programmable means for carrying out the cleaning operations. In different embodiments of said systems, these usually comprise means of travel
basados en ruedas o discos, configurados para rodar sobre rafles longitudinales instaladosbased on wheels or discs, configured to roll on installed longitudinal rails
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sobre la propia estructura del colector, por ejemplo a ambos lados de la superficie reflectante/absorbente del mismo.on the collector structure itself, for example on both sides of the reflective / absorbent surface thereof.
Si bien estos sistemas suponen una mejora considerable respecto a los sistemas basados en vehfculos, tanto por la reduccion de los tiempos tfpicos de las operaciones de limpieza como por la independencia de su manejo por parte de un usuario, estos no estan exentos de importantes problemas tecnicos que permanecen aun sin resolver en el estado de la tecnica, especialmente en cuanto a su aplicacion a plantas solares equipadas con un alto numero de colectores.Although these systems represent a considerable improvement with respect to vehicle-based systems, both due to the reduction in the typical times of cleaning operations and the independence of their handling by a user, these are not exempt from important technical problems that remain unresolved in the state of the art, especially as regards its application to solar plants equipped with a high number of collectors.
El principal de dichos problemas tecnicos esta relacionado con la limpieza de multiples colectores en un campo solar, por ejemplo en colectores cilindro-parabolicos contiguos dispuestos en configuraciones de tipo lazo y semilazo. Este problema es debido, fundamentalmente, a que dichos colectores contiguos, cuando se encuentran en su posicion cenital (esto es, orientando los espejos hacia arriba), poseen un margen de desviacion u holgura en la posicion relativa de sus espejos, que se traduce en una desalineacion de los rafles de los colectores, donde dicha desalineacion, tanto entre modulos como entre colectores contiguos, puede llegar a ser del orden de centfmetros. En estas configuraciones, para la limpieza de una pluralidad de colectores mediante los sistemas conocidos, es necesario utilizar un sistema de limpieza para cada colector o, como alternativa, desmontar y montar dicho sistema para utilizarlo de un colector a otro colector. Esto representa una severa limitacion a la funcionalidad de estos sistemas, que lleva consigo un aumento de costes de equipamiento, uso y mantenimiento proporcional al numero de colectores que integran una determinada planta solar. Asf por ejemplo, en el sistema divulgado en la solicitud de patente DE 2738666 A1, no se describe ningun medio que permita aplicarlo a una pluralidad de colectores contiguos, ni se hace referencia alguna al problema de la desalineacion, estando planteado el sistema para su uso en un unico colector. Por su parte, en la patente US 8,240,320 B2, referida a un sistema que se aplica a la limpieza de paneles fotovoltaicos, se divulga que, en casos de desalineacion de los espejos de dos paneles contiguos, el transito del carro limpiador del sistema de limpieza de un panel a otro resulta imposible, siendo necesario, pues, el uso de multiples equipos de limpieza o de vehfculos auxiliares para operar el desplazamiento de dichos equipos.The main of these technical problems is related to the cleaning of multiple collectors in a solar field, for example in contiguous parabolic-parabolic collectors arranged in loop and half-layered configurations. This problem is mainly due to the fact that said contiguous collectors, when they are in their zenith position (that is, pointing the mirrors upwards), have a margin of deviation or slack in the relative position of their mirrors, which translates into a misalignment of the rails of the collectors, where said misalignment, both between modules and between adjacent collectors, can become of the order of centimeters. In these configurations, for cleaning a plurality of collectors by known systems, it is necessary to use a cleaning system for each collector or, alternatively, disassemble and assemble said system to use it from one collector to another collector. This represents a severe limitation to the functionality of these systems, which leads to an increase in equipment, use and maintenance costs proportional to the number of collectors that make up a particular solar plant. Thus, for example, in the system disclosed in patent application DE 2738666 A1, no means are described that allow it to be applied to a plurality of contiguous collectors, nor is any reference made to the problem of misalignment, the system being raised for use. in a single collector. For its part, in the US patent 8,240,320 B2, referring to a system that is applied to the cleaning of photovoltaic panels, it is disclosed that, in cases of misalignment of the mirrors of two adjacent panels, the transit of the cleaning car of the cleaning system from one panel to another it is impossible, being necessary, therefore, the use of multiple cleaning equipment or auxiliary vehicles to operate the movement of said equipment.
La presente invencion propone una solucion a los problemas tecnicos antes citados, a traves de un novedoso sistema de limpieza y a un metodo asociado al mismo, que permite suThe present invention proposes a solution to the aforementioned technical problems, through a novel cleaning system and a method associated with it, which allows its
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utilizacion de forma completamente automatica a lo largo de una pluralidad de colectores, permitiendo asf superar las limitaciones de los sistemas conocidos del estado de la tecnica.completely automatic use along a plurality of collectors, thus allowing to overcome the limitations of the systems known in the state of the art.
DESCRIPCION BREVE DE LA INVENCIONBRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Un objeto de la presente invencion es, pues, la obtencion de sistemas automaticos de limpieza de colectores solares con tecnologfa cilindro-parabolica, que no requieran el uso de un vehfculo auxiliar para su utilizacion, y que permitan ademas limpiar de forma sencilla una multiplicidad de colectores, por ejemplo cuando se encuentran dispuestos en una configuracion de lazo en una planta solar. Para ello, el sistema propuesto por la invencion se basa en el uso de un carro de limpieza que se traslada a traves de unos rafles instalados en los propios colectores cilindro-parabolicos, de modo que no se hace necesaria la utilizacion de un vehfculo auxiliar conducido por operarios (como sucede en la practica totalidad de los sistemas empleados actualmente en instalaciones solares de colectores cilindro- parabolicos), y que ademas posee medios de transito continuado a lo largo de una pluralidad de colectores contiguos. Los rafles pueden instalarse de forma continua en cada colector, o de forma discontinua a lo largo de los modulos que integran dicho colector. "npicamente, en una planta solar de grandes dimensiones cada colector esta formado por 10-12 modulos de unos 16 m de longitud, que se soportan sobre un eje comun y que se orientan hacia el sol de forma solidaria.An object of the present invention is, therefore, the obtaining of automatic systems for cleaning solar collectors with parabolic trough technology, which do not require the use of an auxiliary vehicle for its use, and which also allow for a simple cleaning of a multiplicity of collectors, for example when they are arranged in a loop configuration in a solar plant. For this, the system proposed by the invention is based on the use of a cleaning car that moves through rails installed in the parabolic trough collectors themselves, so that the use of a driven auxiliary vehicle is not necessary. by operators (as is the case in practically all the systems currently used in solar installations of parabolic trough collectors), and which also has means of continuous transit along a plurality of contiguous collectors. The rails can be installed continuously in each collector, or discontinuously along the modules that make up the collector. "Typically, in a large solar plant each collector is made up of 10-12 modules of about 16 m in length, which are supported on a common axis and oriented towards the sun in a solidary manner.
El citado objeto de la invencion se consigue, preferentemente, mediante un sistema de limpieza para colectores cilindro-parabolicos de espejo que comprende:The said object of the invention is preferably achieved by means of a cleaning system for mirror-parabolic cylinder collectors comprising:
- uno o mas rafles, instalados en los extremos transversales del espejo de uno o mas modulos que integran los colectores;- one or more rails, installed at the transverse ends of the mirror of one or more modules that integrate the collectors;
- un carro de limpieza, equipado con medios de limpieza de la superficie del espejo de los modulos que integran los colectores;- a cleaning car, equipped with means for cleaning the mirror surface of the modules that make up the collectors;
- medios de desplazamiento del carro a lo largo de los rafles, operados dichos medios de desplazamiento por al menos un motor, y donde dichos medios de desplazamiento comprenden, asimismo, medios electronicos programables de control automatico del motor;- means of movement of the car along the rails, said means of movement operated by at least one motor, and where said means of movement also comprise programmable electronic means of automatic control of the motor;
y donde los medios de desplazamiento del carro comprenden, al menos, una embocadura para absorber las posibles desalineaciones entre rafles instalados en modulos y/o colectores contiguos.and where the means of displacement of the carriage comprise at least one mouth to absorb possible misalignments between rails installed in modules and / or adjacent collectors.
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Se consigue con ello un sistema completamente autonomo y programable, que permite prescindir de la intervencion de operarios para su manejo. Asimismo, los medios de embocadura propuestos por la presente invencion estan especialmente planteados para su aplicacion a semilazos de plantas solares de colectores cilindro-parabolicos, facilitando al carro de limpieza del sistema el transito entre varios modulos o colectores contiguos, salvando asf el riesgo ante posibles desalineaciones de sus correspondientes rafles. Dichas desalineaciones pueden deberse, por ejemplo, a errores de tolerancia de instalacion de los modulos o los colectores, o a desviaciones por dilataciones termicas, como consecuencia de cambios de temperatura en el lugar donde se encuentra la planta solar.This achieves a completely autonomous and programmable system, which makes it possible to dispense with the intervention of operators for its management. Likewise, the opening means proposed by the present invention are specially designed for application to semilazos of solar plants of parabolic-trough collectors, facilitating the transit of the system between several modules or adjacent collectors, thus saving the risk from possible misalignments of their corresponding rails. Such misalignment may be due, for example, to installation tolerance errors of the modules or collectors, or to deviations due to thermal expansion, as a result of temperature changes at the place where the solar plant is located.
Preferentemente, los medios de desplazamiento del carro comprenden una o mas ruedas acoplables a los rafles del sistema y, mas preferentemente, la embocadura del medio de desplazamiento comprende una gufa de rail con forma de pico de pato. Se consigue con ello un medio de desplazamiento adaptable a cualquier configuracion de rafles, permitiendo amplias tolerancias, por ejemplo del orden de centfmetros, en el transito del carro de limpieza entre modulos o colectores contiguos. Mas preferentemente, los medios de desplazamiento pueden comprender, asimismo, un conjunto motor-reductor y un sistema de trasmision constituido por al menos un eje y un conjunto de pinones con cadena para su desplazamiento sobre los rafles, lo que permite automatizar el funcionamiento del carro de limpieza.Preferably, the carriage displacement means comprise one or more wheels attachable to the rails of the system and, more preferably, the mouthpiece of the displacement means comprises a rail guide shaped like a duckbill. This achieves a means of displacement adaptable to any configuration of rails, allowing wide tolerances, for example of the order of centimeters, in the transit of the cleaning car between adjacent modules or collectors. More preferably, the displacement means may also comprise a motor-reducer assembly and a transmission system consisting of at least one axle and a set of pinions with chain for movement on the rails, which makes it possible to automate the operation of the carriage cleaning.
En otra realizacion preferente de la invencion, los medios de desplazamiento comprenden uno o mas de los siguientes detectores: detector de desalineacion de rafles, detector para vadear los soportes del tubo absorbedor del colector, o detector de posicion del carro de limpieza. Se consigue con ello un medio efectivo para mejorar la precision en el transito del carro de limpieza sobre los rafles. Por medio de los detectores, es posible por ejemplo enviar a una central de datos remota informacion util sobre las condiciones de operacion del carro de limpieza, detectar incidencias y averfas en los rafles o en los propios colectores, o incluso dar instrucciones en lfnea a los medios de embocadura, para adaptarse a la configuracion especffica de los rafles de dos modulos o colectores contiguos. De este modo, serfa posible que dichos medios de embocadura tuviesen una tolerancia ajustable, estando controlada dicha tolerancia por los detectores del sistema y pudiendose modificar durante el transito del carro en su operacion de limpieza.In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the displacement means comprise one or more of the following detectors: ramp misalignment detector, detector for wading the supports of the collector absorber tube, or position detector of the cleaning carriage. This achieves an effective means to improve the precision in the transit of the cleaning car on the rails. By means of the detectors, it is possible for example to send to a remote data center useful information about the operating conditions of the cleaning car, detect incidents and failures in the rails or in the collectors themselves, or even give online instructions to the embouchure means, to adapt to the specific configuration of the rails of two modules or adjacent collectors. In this way, it would be possible for said opening means to have an adjustable tolerance, said tolerance being controlled by the detectors of the system and can be modified during the transit of the car during its cleaning operation.
En otra realizacion preferente de la invencion, el carro de limpieza del sistema comprende una estructura de soporte equipada con uno o mas pistones hidraulicos moviles, conectadosIn another preferred embodiment of the invention, the system cleaning carriage comprises a support structure equipped with one or more mobile hydraulic pistons, connected
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estos a brazos correspondientes, y donde dichos brazos comprenden al menos un rodillo de limpieza y medios de expulsion de agua a presion.these to corresponding arms, and where said arms comprise at least one cleaning roller and means of expelling water under pressure.
Asimismo, en una realizacion adicional de la invencion, el sistema esta equipado con una estructura de reposo del carro de limpieza, que comprende una subestructura con prolongacion de rafles desde los colectores cilindro-parabolicos, donde dicha estructura esta configurada para el soporte del carro limpiador cuando este no se encuentra en operacion. La estructura de reposo del carro comprende, preferentemente, uno o mas de los siguientes elementos: una electrovalvula para el llenado de un tanque de agua comprendido en el carro, medios de carga automatica de una baterfa, o un automata programable para las operaciones de recarga y/o de llenado.Also, in a further embodiment of the invention, the system is equipped with a rest structure of the cleaning car, comprising a substructure with extension of rails from the parabolic trough collectors, where said structure is configured for the support of the cleaning car When it is not in operation. The resting structure of the car preferably comprises one or more of the following elements: a solenoid valve for filling a water tank comprised in the car, automatic charging means for a battery, or a programmable automaton for recharging operations and / or filling.
Preferentemente, el sistema de la invencion comprende un circuito cerrado de aceite hidraulico compuesto por uno o mas de los siguientes elementos: un conjunto moto-bomba de aceite, un distribuidor de aceite, uno o mas reguladores, una o mas valvulas de aislamiento, un deposito de aceite, o un enfriador de aceite.Preferably, the system of the invention comprises a closed circuit of hydraulic oil composed of one or more of the following elements: a motorcycle oil pump assembly, an oil distributor, one or more regulators, one or more isolation valves, a oil tank, or an oil cooler.
Preferentemente, el sistema comprende tambien un circuito de agua de limpieza constituido por uno o mas de los siguientes elementos: un deposito de agua, una bomba de agua de alta presion, un conjunto de boquillas difusoras de baja presion, un conjunto de boquillas difusoras de alta presion, o un distribuidor de agua.Preferably, the system also comprises a cleaning water circuit consisting of one or more of the following elements: a water tank, a high pressure water pump, a set of low pressure diffusion nozzles, a set of diffusion nozzles of high pressure, or a water distributor.
Otro aspecto de la invencion se refiere a un metodo de limpieza de colectores cilindro- parabolicos que comprende el recorrido de un carro de limpieza de un sistema segun cualquiera de las realizaciones aquf descritas, sobre al menos un conjunto de modulos o de colectores dispuestos en lfnea en un campo solar. En dicho metodo, el carro de limpieza se desplaza, preferentemente, a lo largo de un semilazo de colectores, y realiza al menos los pasos siguientes:Another aspect of the invention relates to a method of cleaning parabolic trough collectors comprising the path of a cleaning car of a system according to any of the embodiments described herein, on at least one set of modules or manifolds arranged in line. In a solar field. In said method, the cleaning carriage preferably travels along a semilazo of collectors, and performs at least the following steps:
- el carro de limpieza se desplaza limpiando los colectores, por la parte mas proxima a los bordes exteriores de cada colector, recorriendo los modulos correspondientes desde la zona central hasta el extremo de dicho semilazo;- the cleaning carriage travels by cleaning the collectors, for the part closest to the outer edges of each collector, traveling the corresponding modules from the central area to the end of said semilazo;
- al alcanzar el extremo del semilazo, los pistones hidraulicos desplazan los cepillos desde la parte mas proxima a los bordes exteriores en cada colector, hasta la parte central de dicho colector;- when reaching the end of the semilazo, the hydraulic pistons move the brushes from the closest part to the outer edges in each manifold, to the central part of said manifold;
- en la parte central, el carro vuelve a disponer los cepillos en posicion de limpieza de la parte externa del colector, recargandose los medios de expulsion de agua;- in the central part, the carriage once again puts the brushes in the cleaning position of the external part of the collector, recharging the means for expelling water;
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- en posicion de reposo, el carro queda opcionalmente soportado sobre una estructura construida para ello en la zona central del semilazo.- in the rest position, the car is optionally supported on a structure built for it in the central area of the semilazo.
Tal y como se ha descrito anteriormente, la ventaja principal de la invencion propuesta esta relacionada con la automatizacion del proceso de limpieza de las superficies reflectantes/absorbentes de los sistemas de varios colectores, que evita la necesidad de utilizar medios manuales de control remoto o carros manejados por operarios o de los carros de limpieza, no restringiendo asf su uso a determinadas horas del dfa en las que se den condiciones de visibilidad suficiente. Ademas, al estar instalado en las propias estructuras de los modulos de los colectores, el sistema de la invencion no afecta al espacio efectivo del campo solar y reduce tiempos de mantenimiento y operacion, estando preparado para su aplicacion a una lfnea de colectores dispuestos en su posicion cenital. Estas ventajas, sumadas al hecho de que el sistema permite su uso en colectores contiguos, constituyen una importante mejora frente a los sistemas conocidos para la limpieza de colectores solares.As described above, the main advantage of the proposed invention is related to the automation of the cleaning process of reflective / absorbent surfaces of multi-collector systems, which avoids the need to use manual remote control means or trolleys managed by operators or cleaning cars, thus not restricting their use at certain times of the day when there are conditions of sufficient visibility. In addition, being installed in the structures of the collector modules, the system of the invention does not affect the effective space of the solar field and reduces maintenance and operation times, being prepared for application to a line of collectors arranged in its zenith position. These advantages, added to the fact that the system allows its use in adjacent collectors, constitute an important improvement over the known systems for cleaning solar collectors.
DESCRIPCION DE LAS FIGURASDESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
La Figura 1 muestra un esquema general del sistema de limpieza segun una realizacion preferente de la invencion.Figure 1 shows a general scheme of the cleaning system according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
Las Figuras 2a-2b muestran los elementos principales del carro de limpieza del sistema de la invencion, segun una realizacion preferente de dicho carro.Figures 2a-2b show the main elements of the cleaning car of the system of the invention, according to a preferred embodiment of said car.
Las Figuras 3a-3b muestran dos posiciones de los brazos de limpieza del sistema de la invencion, en una realizacion preferente de la misma.Figures 3a-3b show two positions of the cleaning arms of the system of the invention, in a preferred embodiment thereof.
La Figura 4 muestra una vista de la estructura de reposo del carro de lavado, segun una realizacion preferente de la invencion.Figure 4 shows a view of the rest structure of the car wash, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
DESCRIPCION DETALLADA DE LA INVENCIONDETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Tal y como se ha descrito en parrafos precedentes, un objeto de la presente invencion se refiere a un sistema automatico y operable de forma remota, que resulta de aplicacion preferente a campos de generacion de energfa termosolar de colectores cilindro- parabolicos. Tal y como se muestra en la Figura 1 del presente documento, dicho sistemaAs described in previous paragraphs, an object of the present invention relates to an automatic and remotely operable system, which results from preferential application to fields of thermosolar energy generation of parabolic trough collectors. As shown in Figure 1 of this document, said system
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comprende un carro limpiador (1) que se traslada a traves de unos rafles (2,2’) instalados sobre los modulos (3,3’) de los propios colectores cilindro-parabolicos. Los rafles (2,2’) se encuentran instalados de forma solidaria a la estructura de cada colector, por ejemplo en el trazado de modulos (3,3’) de un lazo o semilazo de la planta solar, y se alinean con dicha estructura formando un camino cuando los colectores se situan en posicion cenital, permitiendo asf al carro (1) limpiar los espejos (4) de cada colector, transitando entre colectores consecutivos.It comprises a cleaning car (1) that moves through rails (2,2 ’) installed on the modules (3,3’) of the parabolic trough collectors themselves. The rails (2,2 ') are installed in solidarity with the structure of each collector, for example in the layout of modules (3,3') of a loop or semilazo of the solar plant, and align with said structure forming a path when the collectors are placed in zenith position, thus allowing the carriage (1) to clean the mirrors (4) of each collector, traveling between consecutive collectors.
Tal y como se ilustra en las Figuras 2-4 de la presente solicitud, la limpieza del espejo (4) del modulo (3) de un colector se realiza preferentemente por frotamiento, por ejemplo mediante cepillos giratorios (5) con forma de disco, provistos de cerdas de material adecuado a los espejos (4) a limpiar (polipropileno, nylon, etc.). En la region frontal de cada cepillo (5) se situa un juego de boquillas difusoras (6,6’) con agua de calidad adecuada (por ejemplo, agua osmotizada de 20 microS/cm de conductividad maxima), cuya mision es diluir y ablandar la suciedad previamente al cepillado. En la region posterior de cada cepillo (5), el sistema comprende otro juego de boquillas difusoras (6’) con agua, cuya mision es el enjuague tras el cepillado.As illustrated in Figures 2-4 of the present application, the cleaning of the mirror (4) of the module (3) of a manifold is preferably performed by rubbing, for example by rotating brushes (5) in the form of a disk, provided with bristles of suitable material for the mirrors (4) to be cleaned (polypropylene, nylon, etc.). In the frontal region of each brush (5) there is a set of diffuser nozzles (6.6 ') with water of adequate quality (for example, osmotized water of 20 microS / cm of maximum conductivity), whose mission is to dilute and soften dirt before brushing. In the posterior region of each brush (5), the system comprises another set of diffuser nozzles (6 ’) with water, whose mission is to rinse after brushing.
El recorrido del sistema de limpieza sobre los espejos (4) de los modulos (3,3’) en cada colector se produce preferentemente sobre cada semilazo, esto es, sobre cada conjunto de colectores dispuestos en lfnea que comprenda el campo solar en cuestion, (normalmente dos), mediante los pasos siguientes:The path of the cleaning system on the mirrors (4) of the modules (3,3 ') in each collector is preferably produced on each semilazo, that is, on each set of collectors arranged in line that comprises the solar field in question, (normally two), through the following steps:
- El carro (1) se desplaza por los rafles (2,2’) limpiando el semilazo, por la parte mas proxima a los bordes exteriores del colector, recorriendo sus modulos (3,3’) desde la zona central hasta el extremo de dicho semilazo.- The carriage (1) moves along the rails (2,2 '), cleaning the semilazo, for the part closest to the outer edges of the collector, traveling its modules (3.3') from the central area to the end of said semilazo.
- Al alcanzar el extremo, un juego de dos pistones (7) desplaza los cepillos (5) mediante brazos (7’) conectados a los mismos, desde la parte mas proxima a los bordes exteriores de los modulos (3,3’) del colector hasta su parte central. De esta manera, se limpia la region central del colector durante el desplazamiento de vuelta del carro (1), desde el extremo del semilazo hasta la parte central (ver configuracion de los pistones (7) y de los brazos (7’) en las dos posiciones de limpieza mostradas por las Figuras 3a y 3b).- Upon reaching the end, a set of two pistons (7) moves the brushes (5) by means of arms (7 ') connected to them, from the part closest to the outer edges of the modules (3,3') of the collector to its central part. In this way, the central region of the collector is cleaned during the return movement of the carriage (1), from the end of the half-link to the central part (see configuration of the pistons (7) and of the arms (7 ') in the two cleaning positions shown by Figures 3a and 3b).
- En la parte central, el carro (1) vuelve a disponer los cepillos (5) en posicion de limpieza de la parte externa de los modulos (3,3’) del colector (la mas proxima a sus bordes), y se recarga de agua un deposito autonomo (8) comprendido en el carro.- In the central part, the carriage (1) returns the brushes (5) in the cleaning position of the external part of the modules (3,3 ') of the collector (closest to its edges), and recharges of water an autonomous tank (8) included in the car.
- En posicion de reposo, el carro (1) queda sobre una estructura auxiliar (9) construida para ello en la zona central, donde permanecera, por ejemplo, cargando- In the rest position, the carriage (1) is on an auxiliary structure (9) built for it in the central area, where it will remain, for example, loading
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automaticamente una baterfa de operacion instalada en el propio carro (1), que puede alimentar todos sus motores y automatismos.Automatically an operation battery installed in the car (1), which can power all its motors and automatisms.
A continuacion se describen los elementos principales de un carro limpiador (1) (ver Figuras 2a-2b del presente documento) segun la invencion:The main elements of a cleaning car (1) are described below (see Figures 2a-2b of this document) according to the invention:
- Una estructura de soporte (10) sustancialmente horizontal, que sirve de apoyo al resto de elementos del carro de limpieza (1).- A substantially horizontal support structure (10), which supports the rest of the elements of the cleaning car (1).
- Un conjunto de cepillos de limpieza (5), preferentemente dos o tres, configurados para disponerse a cada lado del tubo absorbedor (3’’) del colector, siendo giratorios y con forma de disco. Mas preferentemente, cada cepillo dispondra de un sistema manual para ajustar de su proximidad a la superficie de los espejos a limpiar, que podra ser eventualmente utilizado en caso, por ejemplo, de desalineacion o de necesidades concretas del diseno de los modulos (3,3’) del colector.- A set of cleaning brushes (5), preferably two or three, configured to be arranged on each side of the absorber tube (3 ’) of the collector, being rotating and disk-shaped. More preferably, each brush will have a manual system to adjust its proximity to the surface of the mirrors to be cleaned, which could eventually be used in case of, for example, misalignment or specific needs of the module design (3,3 ') of the collector.
- Dos pistones (7) moviles conectados a brazos correspondientes (7’) y configurados para mover la posicion de sendos grupos de cepillos (5), a fin de limpiar para parte externa del colector cilindro-parabolico (a la ida), y posteriormente la parte central (a la vuelta). El movimiento de los cepillos se gufa mediante sendas gufas que aseguren la posicion final correcta de cada grupo de cepillos.- Two mobile pistons (7) connected to corresponding arms (7 ') and configured to move the position of two groups of brushes (5), in order to clean the external part of the parabolic trough collector (one way), and then the central part (around the corner). The movement of the brushes is guided by paths that ensure the correct final position of each group of brushes.
El carro de limpieza comprende, asimismo, medios hidraulicos configurados para mover ambos pistones (7), asf como de hacer girar los cepillos (5). Dichos medios comprenden, preferentemente, un circuito cerrado de aceite hidraulico compuesto por:The cleaning carriage also includes hydraulic means configured to move both pistons (7), as well as to rotate the brushes (5). Said means preferably comprise a closed circuit of hydraulic oil composed of:
- Un conjunto moto-bomba de aceite (11) con alimentacion electrica.- A motorcycle oil pump assembly (11) with electric power.
- Un distribuidor de aceite (12) a los diferentes dispositivos consumidores conectados.- An oil distributor (12) to the different connected consumer devices.
- Una pluralidad de reguladores (preferentemente, valvulas de regulacion manual) a la entrada de cada dispositivo consumidor.- A plurality of regulators (preferably, manual regulation valves) at the inlet of each consumer device.
- Una pluralidad de valvulas de aislamiento para mantenimiento a la salida de cada dispositivo consumidor.- A plurality of isolation valves for maintenance at the exit of each consumer device.
- Un deposito de aceite (13), preferentemente equipado con nivel visual, termostato y filtro de aceite.- An oil tank (13), preferably equipped with visual level, thermostat and oil filter.
- Un enfriador (14) de aceite de retorno a deposito, estando preferentemente operado por aire.- A return oil cooler (14) to the tank, preferably operated by air.
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La invencion propuesta comprende, adicionalmente, un circuito de agua de limpieza constituido por:The proposed invention further comprises a cleaning water circuit consisting of:
- Un deposito de agua (8) con volumen suficiente (preferentemente, de 700-1000 litros) para el agua necesaria para la limpieza de un semilazo. Para ello, el deposito (8) se fabrica mediante una tuberfa reforzada, por ejemplo de poliester reforzado con fibra de vidrio, o bien un plastico termosoldable.- A water tank (8) with sufficient volume (preferably 700-1000 liters) for the water necessary for cleaning a semilazo. For this, the tank (8) is manufactured by means of a reinforced pipe, for example of glass fiber reinforced polyester, or a heat-weldable plastic.
- Una bomba de agua de alta presion (15) que aspira del deposito de agua, con valvula manual de corte a la salida del deposito.- A high pressure water pump (15) that sucks from the water tank, with a manual shut-off valve at the outlet of the tank.
- Un conjunto de boquillas difusoras (6,6’), de baja presion, siendo estas boquillas delanteras (6) (esto es, instaladas en la region frontal del cepillo) o boquillas difusoras traseras (6’) (que se instalan en la region posterior del cepillo).- A set of diffuser nozzles (6.6 '), of low pressure, being these front nozzles (6) (that is, installed in the front region of the brush) or rear diffuser nozzles (6') (which are installed in the posterior region of the brush).
- Un conjunto de una o dos boquillas (16) de alta presion para limpieza del tubo absorbedor (3’’) por dilucion a chorro.- A set of one or two high pressure nozzles (16) for cleaning the absorber tube (3 ’) by jet dilution.
- Un distribuidor de agua (17) a las diferentes boquillas (6,6’), segun el sentido en que circule el carro (1).- A water distributor (17) to the different nozzles (6.6 ’), according to the direction in which the car (1) circulates.
Ademas de los anteriores elementos, el sistema propuesto comprende un medio de traslacion del carro limpieza (1), capaz de desplazar dicho carro (1) por los rafles (2,2’) de los modulos (3,3’) de los colectores, a una velocidad optima y ajustable. Dicho medio de traslacion esta constituido por:In addition to the above elements, the proposed system comprises a means of transporting the cleaning carriage (1), capable of moving said carriage (1) through the rails (2.2 ') of the modules (3.3') of the collectors , at an optimal and adjustable speed. Said means of translation is constituted by:
- Un conjunto de ruedas (18), a ambos lados del carro, que apoyan sobre sendos rafles (2,2’) solidarios a los modulos (3,3’) de los colectores cilindro-parabolicos, y con un sistema de embocadura (19), por ejemplo un sistema de tipo “pico de pato”, para absorber las posibles desalineaciones entre rafles (2,2’) de modulos (3,3’) contiguos.- A set of wheels (18), on both sides of the carriage, which rest on rails (2,2 ') integral with the modules (3,3') of the parabolic trough collectors, and with an opening system ( 19), for example a "duckbill" type system, to absorb possible misalignments between rails (2.2 ') of adjacent modules (3.3').
- Un conjunto motor-reductor (20) (motor electrico reductor de salida a un sistema de trasmision (21)) preferentemente con inversion de giro, autofrenante, y con regulacion de velocidad.- A motor-reducer assembly (20) (electric motor output reducer to a transmission system (21)) preferably with reversal of rotation, self-braking, and with speed regulation.
- Un sistema de trasmision (21) entre el motor (20) y las ruedas (18) constituido preferentemente por un eje y un conjunto de pinones con cadena metalica.- A transmission system (21) between the engine (20) and the wheels (18) preferably consisting of an axle and a set of metal chain pins.
Otro elemento principal de la invencion se refiere a un sistema electrico (por ejemplo, un sistema con proteccion de tipo IP65, contra salpicaduras del lavado y ambiente pulverulento propio de las plantas solares) constituido por:Another main element of the invention relates to an electrical system (for example, a system with protection of type IP65, against splashes of washing and dusty environment of solar plants) consisting of:
- Baterfa recargable (22) con capacidad suficiente (preferentemente, al menos 1,5 horas) para alimentar a todos los motores y automatismos durante las horas que dura la- Rechargeable battery (22) with sufficient capacity (preferably at least 1.5 hours) to power all motors and automatisms during the hours of the
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operacion de limpieza. La carga de la baterfa (22) se realiza durante las horas restantes del dfa, en la zona de reposo del carro (1).cleaning operation The battery charge (22) is carried out during the remaining hours of the day, in the rest area of the car (1).
- Tres motores electricos, a saber: motor de traslacion (20), moto-bomba de aceite hidraulico (11), bomba de agua de alta presion (15).- Three electric motors, namely: translation motor (20), hydraulic oil pump (11), high pressure water pump (15).
- Bandas LED para iluminacion durante la limpieza y luz de galibo, para detectar de noche la posicion del carro de limpieza (1).- LED bands for lighting during cleaning and galibo light, to detect at night the position of the cleaning car (1).
Por su parte, los medios de control del sistema de la invencion estan preferentemente constituidos por:On the other hand, the control means of the system of the invention are preferably constituted by:
- Un automata programable (23).- A programmable automaton (23).
- Una pluralidad de detectores de desalineacion de rafles (2,2’), con enclavamiento de paro; detectores para vadear los soportes del tubo absorbedor (3’’), con enclavamiento de paro; y detectores de posicion del carro de limpieza (1) (preferentemente, al menos en la zona de reposo y extremos de los semilazos).- A plurality of ramp misalignment detectors (2.2 ’), with stop interlock; detectors for wading the supports of the absorber tube (3 ’), with stop interlock; and position detectors of the cleaning carriage (1) (preferably, at least in the rest area and ends of the semilazos).
Otro aspecto del sistema de la invencion se refiere a una estructura auxiliar de reposo (9) de un carro de lavado (1) (Figura 4 del presente documento), que esta preferentemente constituida por los siguientes elementos:Another aspect of the system of the invention relates to an auxiliary resting structure (9) of a car wash (1) (Figure 4 of this document), which is preferably constituted by the following elements:
- Subestructura metalica (24) con prolongacion de rafles desde los modulos (3,3’) de los colectores cilindro-parabolicos, para soporte del carro limpiador, y con escalerilla para mantenimiento del carro y ajuste manual de la proximidad de los cepillos a los espejos.- Metal substructure (24) with extension of rails from the modules (3,3 ') of the parabolic trough collectors, for support of the cleaning carriage, and with ladder for carriage maintenance and manual adjustment of the proximity of the brushes to the Mirrors.
- Electrovalvula (25) para llenado temporizado del tanque de agua del carro.- Solenoid valve (25) for timed filling of the car's water tank.
- Sistema de carga (26) automatica de la baterfa electrica del carro.- Automatic charging system (26) of the electric car battery.
- Automata programable para las operaciones de recarga y de llenado.- Programmable controller for refilling and filling operations.
Como se ha mencionado en apartados anteriores, la invencion es de aplicacion preferente en el sector tecnico de los dispositivos de captacion termosolar, y mas preferentemente colectores cilindro-parabolicos. No obstante, tambien serfa, mediante las modificaciones correspondientes, igualmente aplicable a sectores afines, tal como el de los dispositivos de conversion fotovoltaica o, en general, a cualquier superficie absorbente o reflectante sobre la que deban realizarse operaciones de limpieza con cierta periodicidad.As mentioned in previous sections, the invention is of preferential application in the technical sector of thermosolar collection devices, and more preferably parabolic trough collectors. However, it would also be, by means of the corresponding modifications, equally applicable to related sectors, such as that of photovoltaic conversion devices or, in general, to any absorbent or reflective surface on which cleaning operations must be carried out with certain periodicity.
Claims (14)
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES201431674A ES2574102B1 (en) | 2014-11-14 | 2014-11-14 | CLEANING SYSTEM FOR CYLINDER-PARABOLIC COLLECTORS AND METHOD ASSOCIATED WITH SUCH SYSTEM |
| PCT/ES2015/070809 WO2016075351A1 (en) | 2014-11-14 | 2015-11-11 | Cleaning system for cylindro-parabolic collectors and method associated with said system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES201431674A ES2574102B1 (en) | 2014-11-14 | 2014-11-14 | CLEANING SYSTEM FOR CYLINDER-PARABOLIC COLLECTORS AND METHOD ASSOCIATED WITH SUCH SYSTEM |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ES2574102A1 ES2574102A1 (en) | 2016-06-14 |
| ES2574102B1 true ES2574102B1 (en) | 2017-03-24 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES201431674A Expired - Fee Related ES2574102B1 (en) | 2014-11-14 | 2014-11-14 | CLEANING SYSTEM FOR CYLINDER-PARABOLIC COLLECTORS AND METHOD ASSOCIATED WITH SUCH SYSTEM |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| ES (1) | ES2574102B1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2016075351A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2738666A1 (en) * | 1977-08-26 | 1979-03-08 | Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag | Parabolic reflector for solar energy system - has washer spray heads moved on rollers on reflector frame |
| DE102006053704A1 (en) * | 2006-11-15 | 2008-05-21 | Novatec Biosol Ag | Washing apparatus and washing method for solar collectors |
| US8726458B1 (en) * | 2011-05-26 | 2014-05-20 | Scott Reinhold Mahr | Solar collector washing device |
| DE102012002900A1 (en) * | 2012-02-14 | 2013-08-14 | Anton Jäger | Apparatus for cleaning inclined surface e.g. front surface of photovoltaic system, has upper and lower guide units that are interconnected with supporting column which includes rod-shaped support elements to hold cleaning elements |
| KR101417992B1 (en) * | 2014-02-26 | 2014-08-07 | 인테그라글로벌 주식회사 | Apparatus for cleaning and coling solar panel |
-
2014
- 2014-11-14 ES ES201431674A patent/ES2574102B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2015
- 2015-11-11 WO PCT/ES2015/070809 patent/WO2016075351A1/en active Application Filing
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2574102A1 (en) | 2016-06-14 |
| WO2016075351A1 (en) | 2016-05-19 |
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