ES2525598B1 - PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ALGAE EDGICAL AMENDMENT AND INSTALLATION DESIGNED FOR SUCH PURPOSE - Google Patents

Abstract

Process for the production of edaphic algae amendment and installation designed for this purpose. # The present invention relates to a process of edaphic algae amendment production in a photobioreactor, characterized in that it comprises at least the following steps: introducing an inoculum of edaphic algae representative of the characteristic population of a soil; produce under stirring a culture medium inside the photobioreactor from the inoculum of the algae, water and nutrients in soluble form extracted from residues, in concentrations of algae and controlled nutrients; and inject gases from combustion and / or aerobic and / or anaerobic fermentation, and control the degree of diffusion of said gas into the culture medium. Another object is the installation designed for this purpose, which contains a gas porous bag and impervious to liquid inside the photobioreactor by which the diffusion of gases to the crop is controlled.

Description

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DESCRIPTION

PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ALGAE EDAPHIC AMENDMENT AND INSTALLATION DESIGNED FOR SUCH PURPOSE

Technical field of the invention

The invention falls within the technical sector of the processes of obtaining biostimulant substances for the growth of crops, more specifically in substances composed of algae and nutrients from waste.

Object of the invention

The present invention, as expressed in the statement of this specification, refers to an installation and a process for the production of seaweed amendment.

The process of the invention stands out because it produces edaphic algae native to the soil for use as an amendment to the soil itself. These algae are previously isolated and identified from a concrete soil, and subsequently produced under controlled conditions within a photobioreactor. The production of these is carried out with the addition of nutrients from waste and injection of greenhouse gases from combustion and / or aerobic fermentation and / or anaerobic fermentation. In the scope of this report, waste is understood as any effluent formed by solids and / or liquids resulting from a transformation process to obtain a product.

It is therefore about revaluing the potential nutrients from waste in the form of an edaphic amendment, in addition to metabolizing some greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, sulfur oxides or nitrogen oxides, thus avoiding the harmful effects of their emission into the atmosphere .

This edaphic amendment obtained from the process, named for the contribution made in soils to improve the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of them normally in order to favor plant development, constitutes a nutritive and biostimulator product for the growth of Soil crops where they are applied. This

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In this way, it is possible to increase the fertility of the soils by increasing their biological activity, specifically algae.

The production process and the installation associated with it allows it to be integrated into any source that generates emissions and / or residual effluents, allowing it to be a fixed or mobile installation according to the seasonality of the emissions / effluents.

Background of the invention

On the one hand, there is the problem of climate change in the primary sector, and specifically in agriculture. Agriculture is a generator of Greenhouse Gases (GHG), a quantification that is developed by the calculation of the carbon footprint. In this sense, the activity that generates a broader carbon footprint in agriculture, in general, is nitrogen fertilization, since in its manufacture it demands large energy inputs.

In this sense, the development of new techniques that contribute to establishing sustainable agriculture is being a point of interest for companies and the administration. In the last 20 years, new precision and conservation agriculture techniques have been developed to reduce energy materials and supplies. Techniques that constitute passive mitigation measures of greenhouse gases.

On the other hand, the loss of soil fertility has been caused by anthropogenic actions that have undermined their biological diversity, and which have had a negative impact on the productivity of the crops grown in them. Impact that has been offset by the incorporation of more fertilizer and phytosanitary supplies, the latter for the control of new diseases and pests that have arisen from the biological loss of the soil. The incorporation of these inputs translates into a significant increase in the carbon footprint in these crops, and they have been justified for the purpose of obtaining food for a growing world population.

This edaphic biota produces important compounds for soil fertility and crop productivity. Within this edaphic biota, it is worth highlighting the role of cyanobacteria that, in addition to producing biostimulant substances such as other algae, have the ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen. Also the effect of these algae on the ground also has biopesticidal properties, due to its control of soil microorganisms such as phytopathogenic fungi.

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In the field of substances or processes that favor the biological activity of the soil, we highlight the patent US8246711 B2, which formulates a mixture of livestock waste, previously subjected to a treatment for the transformation of these to compounds readily available by soil biota. It is possible to complement this formula with micro-elements and with various microorganisms: fungi, bacteria and algae.

On the other hand, patent application CN101781149 contemplates the formulation of a biofertilizer formed by photosynthetic bacteria among others, such as fungi and soluble organic compounds.

Instead, patent application JP2007054027 defines the formulation of a culture medium for the growth of algae by means of volatile ash from industries.

In summary, these patent documents are referenced, the formulas of fertilizer compounds that describe the use of waste and some photosynthetic microorganisms. In other words, these documents develop fertilizing substances that aim to improve favoring the increase of biota in the soil.

With all this, we face the challenge of achieving a favorable amendment of soil biota for the increase of soil fertility, which contributes to mitigate greenhouse gases, which in itself constitutes an alternative to mineral fertilization and that the The incorporation of this amendment is based on the profitability of farms that may incorporate it.

With the above, the challenge of combining the increase in soil fertility, with the mitigation of greenhouse gases, is to enhance the species of algae present in the soil. Organizations that have the ability to fix carbon in biomass, thereby constituting a carbon sink in the soil. Together with this, some algae such as prokaryotes called cyanobacteria, have the ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen, thus making it available for crops. But in the challenge of how to promote edaphic algae in a viable and profitable way, the solution involves cultivating these species off the ground, under controlled and optimized conditions, to subsequently reintroduce them and thereby achieve a greater concentration in them. But this crop must satisfy a profitability that makes the procedure viable in an installation. For the control and optimization of the crop, adequate levels of nutrients must be provided: nitrogen,

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phosphorus, potassium, etc. and of the appropriate gas concentration: carbon dioxide (CO2) mainly. These nutrients are present in liquid and / or gaseous effluents that are classified as waste. Therefore, the incorporation of these for the cultivation of algae is postulated with a solution for greater profitability of the process of obtaining the amendment.

As indicated, an important factor in the cultivation of algae is to control the correct concentration of CO2 in the culture medium and also combine that the CO2 ratio consumed between the injected CO2 is maximum for the profitability of the process and in that the cultivation of these as an edaphic amendment is a mitigating element of greenhouse gases.

In this sense, there are several researchers who have tried to solve this question through different technologies. The use of membranes developed in patent applications KR20120014387 and US 2011/0247262 should be reviewed. Their respective authors develop a sheet where the microalgae of fluvial or marine masses adhere, thus achieving a diffusion of gases suitable for the attached algae.

In contrast, in the international patent application WO2009 / 152175 a porous bag of CO2 is described where the gas is injected so that it diffuses into the culture medium with which it is in contact.

Also the patent ES2347515 B2 describes a process and a system by which the gas is introduced into a frame formed by a mesh permeable to water and gas, so that the sheet of water that falls on it according to a hydraulic seal of the gas.

Description of the invention

In order to achieve the proposed objectives and overcome the challenges and inconveniences mentioned in the previous section, the invention proposes an installation and a process for the production of algae edaphic amendment by means of said installation.

In short, the algae that can be produced artificially are previously isolated from the soil in an inoculum and identified (characterized), to be subsequently cultivated in a liquid medium within a photobioreactor with the incorporation of nutrients from waste and gases from combustion and / or aerobic and / or anaerobic fermentations, until reaching the maximum concentration of algae

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in the medium Kquido to later extract them from the photobioreactor and distribute them on the soils of where they are native.

Thus, the first object of the invention consists in a process for the production of algae edaphic amendment in a photobioreactor, characterized in that it comprises at least the following stages:

- introduce an inoculum of edaphic algae representative of the photobioreactor

characteristic population of a soil, previously identified and isolated;

- Produce in agitation a culture medium inside the photobioreactor from the inoculation of the edaphic algae autochthonous of the soil, water and nutrients composed of the soluble phase of residues extracted from a process of liquid-solid separation and / or a team of liquid-solid solution. For this, the culture medium for the inoculation of the amendment is constituted by a concentration of 0.0025 to 0.15 g of dry matter of algae per liter of photobioreactor, a concentration of at least 21.26 mg / L of nitrogen and of at least 2.96 mg / L of phosphorus from the soluble phase of residues. The remaining volume after applying the algal inoculum and the liquid phase of waste is flush with water; and

- injecting gases from a combustion and / or aerobic and / or anaerobic fermentation, and controlling the degree of diffusion of said gas into the culture medium by controlling the pressure of the injected gases and the representative pressure of the column of the culture medium on the lower part of the photobioreactor, such that the injection is activated when the pressure of the injected gases is less than the pressure of the column of the culture medium in the lower part of the photobioreactor, until the relationship.

The inoculation of algae is formed by at least one species of algae contained in the soil from which it is isolated and identified, understanding as algae both eukaryotic and prokaryotic species (prokaryotes being known as cyanobacteria).

The method can be based on a prepared algal inoculum, or on the contrary it can comprise a previous stage of obtaining a soil sample, identifying and isolating the algae to prepare an inoculum.

The source of emission of combustion gases can be a fixed or mobile source.

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The nutrients may preferably be, although this does not imply a limitation of the invention, the liquid phase of a digestate (around 0.4 g / kg in nitrogen), the liquid phase of pig slurry (around 3 g / Kg in nitrogen), or leaching of slags and ashes from combustion processes (around 5 g / Kg of nitrogen and around 2 g / Kg of phosphorus), all in a form available for the cultivation of algae.

Parallel to the filling of the photobioreactor with the elements that constitute the culture medium, the injection of gases into the photobioreactor is activated. Once filled, the process lasts until the concentration of algae in the culture medium does not experience an increase in two consecutive days. For example, the process lasts no more than 10 days under conditions of 12 hours of illumination at a radiation of 30 MJ / m2, for a polyculture of autodatonous edaphic algae sampled at 42 ° 30'43 "N, 3 ° 47'42 W To control the evolution of the concentration in the culture medium, turbidity analysis techniques are used, as mentioned, the pressure of the gas inside the photobioreactor to achieve optimum crop growth is done by comparing the injection pressure and the pressure of the column of the culture medium in the lower part of the photobioreactor.This pressure is usually measured by pressure sensors, so that a pressure sensor can be provided at the inlet of gases and another in the lower perimeter band of the photobioreactor, representative of the pressure column of the culture medium in the background, in the most preferred case of all, when the pressure of the inlet gas is 1.5 times lower than the pressure of the columnof culture medium, the gas injection equipment is turned on until the gas pressure is at least 1.5 times greater than the pressure of the culture medium column. In this way, an optimal gas diffusion (especially the key culture gas: CO2) for the growth of the culture medium is achieved.

The agitation of the culture medium inside the photobioreactor is produced by the diffusion of the gas itself. When said diffusion does not cause agitation in a range of 0.10 to 0.25 m / s, which is considered suitable for optimal cultivation, in a preferred embodiment the culture medium is agitated in addition by means of agitation means. In another also preferred embodiment, this agitation is achieved by recirculating the culture medium in the photobioreactor, such that a part of the culture medium that is produced inside is extracted and reintroduced.

In a particular embodiment of the invention, the gases from a combustion and / or from an aerobic and / or anaerobic fermentation are injected into a bag impervious to liquids and porous to the gases contained within the photobioreactor. In this

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In this case, one of the gas pressures is measured inside the mentioned bag, where one of the pressure sensors would be housed. In this case, the control of the degree of diffusion of the gas to the culture medium is carried out as follows: when the gas pressure in the bag is 1.5 times lower than the pressure of the culture medium column, it is switched on. the gas injection equipment until the pressure is at least 1.5 times greater than the pressure of the culture medium column. In this way an optimal gas diffusion is achieved for the growth of the culture medium between the bag and the culture medium.

Once the seaweed culture has been produced inside the photobioreactor, said crop can be used as an edaphic amendment as it can be introduced into the soil of origin, or into a soil with similar physico-chemical characteristics, so that its activity is increased Biological and improve the growth of vegetation. Said cultivation or edaphic amendment of algae and obtainable from the process described in any one of the above variants has a concentration of at least 3.80 grams of dry matter of algae per liter.

Therefore, the method of the present invention can present an additional stage by which the algae culture of the photobioreactor is extracted, which can be referred to in this case as a concrete application of the present specification "edaphic amendment", and is introduced into the soil to improve its biological activity Or, what is the same: the present invention also encompasses a method to increase the biological activity of a soil, which includes introducing the algae edaphic amendment obtained from the process described above, in any of its variants.This introduction can be carried out by conventional techniques known in the field, although preferably it is carried out by spraying or spraying, since the algae culture obtained is liquid.To do this, spray or spray equipment that are fixed or mobile can be used Regarding the soil: irrigation facilities or spray tractors.

A second object of the present invention is an installation for the production of an algal culture specially designed to carry out the process described above in an optimal manner, characterized in that it comprises:

- a flexible membrane photobioreactor with at least one transparent front to allow the passage of light, and with at least one liquid inlet, a gas inlet, a liquid outlet and a gas purging valve at its top, whose interior is designed to house the liquid culture medium constituted by the

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inoculum of native edaphic algae extracted from a soil, water and nutrients from waste;

- a first injection equipment, of Kquidos, for inoculum, water and nutrients from waste, connectable to the Kquidos inlet of the photobioreactor and a liquid-solid separation equipment and / or a liquid-solid dissolution equipment in those that obtain a liquid phase from the residues that contain the nutrients to be injected in soluble form;

- a second injection equipment, of combustion and / or anaerobic and / or aerobic fermentation gases, connectable to the gas inlet of the photobioreactor and at the same time to a liquid impermeable and gas porous membrane bag located in the part bottom of the interior of said photobioreactor, attached to the flexible membrane of the photobioreactor; Y

- a pressure sensor housed inside the waterproof and porous bag and a second pressure sensor in the lower band of the photobioreactor attached to the flexible membrane of the photobioreactor, representative of the pressure column of the culture medium at the bottom.

The device is characterized in that the photobioreactor is formed by a flexible membrane with at least one transparent front ("cistern"), preferably of plastic material with a first inlet for inoculum, water and nutrients, a formed air purge valve by the gases that are produced inside the photobioreactor, which is located in the upper part of the membrane, and another entrance for the gases that are injected. In this way, the first injection equipment of the installation is connected to the first input of the photobioreactor, while the second injection equipment of the installation is connected to the second input of the photobioreactor, which in turn is an entry of the bag Porous and waterproof that is located at the bottom of its interior.

As already described, a key feature of the installation object of the invention is that the photobioreactor is housed inside a gas porous and liquid impermeable bag, which is located in the lower part of the interior of the flexible membrane transparent. In this membrane bag the gases are injected, which they spread to the culture medium with which it is in contact. These gases access the bag through the second inlet of the photobioreactor, through the second injection equipment of the system, which is a conduction from the emitting source of said

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gases as defined (fixed or mobile, combustion and / or anaerobic and / or aerobic fermentation) and a discharge pump.

A pressure sensor is available in the gas porous bag and impervious to the Kquidos and another attached in the lower perimeter band of the flexible membrane of the photobioreactor, representative of the pressure column of the culture medium, in order to compare the pressure of the gases in the two spaces in which the bag separates the interior of the photobioreactor. When the gas pressure in the bag is 1.5 times lower than the pressure in the culture medium column, the gas injection equipment is turned on until the gas pressure is at least 1.5 times greater than the pressure of the water column. In this way an optimal gas diffusion is achieved in the culture medium. The signals of both sensors are centralized wirelessly and / or wired in a controller responsible for automatically governing the operation of the gas injection equipment.

Preferably, the liquid and gas injection equipment also comprise a pump for driving the components that are introduced into the photobioreactor.

The photobioreactor also includes an outlet of liquids, through which the cultivated edaphic amendment is extracted. In a preferred embodiment, this liquid outlet is connected to the liquid injection equipment inside the photobioreactor, in order to develop adequate agitation in the culture medium. In a preferred embodiment also, the liquid outlet is connected to an aspiration connector of the liquid injection equipment, whose function is to evacuate the edaphic amendment to the equipment or device from the photobioreactor for its application in soil.

This installation is specially designed to produce algal biomass according to the process described above. In this way, algae and / or cyanobacterial biomass is obtained with multiple applications, although the main purpose of the present invention is the use of said algae and / or cyanobacterial culture as an edaphic amendment by its reintroduction to the soil from which it was extracted, as explained above.

The installation normally includes, but is not limited to, a module for controlling the process of algae production and the electrical supply of the system.

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The present installation and the method of production of algae culture that can be used as an edaphic amendment present significant differences with respect to other inventions of the technical field. Specifically, the most relevant differences in the production process of the edaphic amendment compared to the other inventions mentioned above are listed below:

- the present installation to produce autochthonic edaphic amendment and thus be able to increase the biological activity of the soil part of the isolation and identification of the species of autochthonous algae of the soil, to subsequently under controlled and optimized conditions produce these in high concentration prior to their reinstatement soil, unlike the US patent 8,246,711 that formulates a generic substance to favor the biological activity in the soil, any soil, in which the specific properties of the soil to be treated are not taken into account and therefore neither of the inoculum from from which the amendment is produced. With the present invention, it acts directly on a specific soil, increasing the population of algae that contribute naturally to its biological activity. In short, the present invention does not incorporate non-autochthonous microorganisms into the soil, as formulated in US Patent 8,246,711 and patent application CN101781149.

- The present invention only increases the population of soil algae bacteria that can be amended, contrary to patent application CN101781149 and US Patent 8,246,711, which are aimed at all types of organisms present in a soil: bacteria, fungi and algae , in general, favoring only photosynthetic organisms that increase the soil's carbon sink.

- Unlike the patent application JP2007054027, the present invention that concerns us not only contemplates obtaining a culture medium from combustion residues but also from any type of residue, which after being subjected to the solid-liquid dissolution process or solid-liquid separation a liquid phase is obtained with nutrients in an assimilable form for algae.

- Contrary to the aforementioned patent documents, the present development proposes to extract the native edaphic algae and produce them under controlled conditions through residual nutrients and greenhouse gas emissions, thus transforming them into autochthonous biological biomass of the soil itself.

As for the installation, specifically the key element that is the bag impervious to liquids and porous to gases to optimize the concentration of CO2 in the culture medium:

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- In the face of patent applications KR20120014387 and US2011 / 0247262, the present invention is not intended for algae to adhere to the membrane that constitutes the photobioreactor, but to grow them inside with dosing of nutrients and gases, both from residual sources .

- Also as regards the international patent application WO2009152175, the present invention differs in that it does not require that the photobioreactor be immersed in any liquid. In the present invention, the diffusion of greenhouse gases to the culture medium is carried out through the water-impermeable porous bag contained within the transparent flexible membrane that constitutes the photobioreactor, and the output of the gases that are produced inside. The photobioreactor is carried out by means of a gas purge valve. This is different from the system of the international patent application WO2009152175, in which the entry and exit of gases, in particular CO2 and O2, is carried out by means of the selective permeability of the materials used in the tubes porous

- As for the ES2347515 B2 patent, the closing of the gases confined inside the frame is carried out by the hydraulic seal that forms the sheet of water that falls continuously on said frame, contrary to the present invention that achieves a diffusion and also a storage of the gases in the bag impervious to liquids and porous to gases by means of the control of the pressure of the gas confined inside said bag and the pressure of the culture medium in the lower sheet.

In this way, with the present invention, an optimal edaphic amendment is obtained, which contributes totally or partially to the needs, mainly of nitrogen from the soil crops from which the algae sample was extracted, thus avoiding the use of mineral fertilizers. nitrogenous and thus reducing the carbon footprint of agriculture. On the other hand, the generation of biostimulant substances that contribute to crop productivity, which is what has been called the edaphic amendment, has an impact on the greater production of biomass in the soil on which it is applied, and with it on a greater carbon fixation Also the biopesticide action is a sustainable alternative to fungicide treatments. Furthermore, through this invention the management of waste and the capture in biomass of greenhouse gas emissions produced in anthropogenic actions contributes in the environmental field to the active mitigation of the carbon footprint in the primary sector and in general in the greenhouse gas emissions sectors.

Brief description of the Figures

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Next, to facilitate a better understanding of this descriptive report and forming an integral part of it, figures are combined in which the object of the invention is represented with an illustrative and non-limiting nature (system and process of production of edaphic amendment) .

Figure 1. It shows the integral diagram of the process and the production installation of the edaphic amendment.

1. - Soil

2. - Identification, isolation of algae from a soil

3. - Produce a volume of inoculum of species of algae representative of a soil previously identified and isolated

4. - Injection to the photobioreactor of the algal inoculum

5. - Cultivation of edaphic amendment of algae in photobioreactor

6. - Water

7. - Dilution of the culture medium

8. - Liquid phase of waste as nutrients for the cultivation of algae

9. - Addition of liquid phase of residues in the photobioreactor for the cultivation of the algae edaphic amendment

10. - Source of combustion gases, and / or aerobic fermentation, and / or anaerobic.

11. - Gas injection for the cultivation of algae edaphic amendment

12. - Extraction of the photobioreactor of the edaphic amendment produced and application to the soil (1)

Figure 2. Shows the perspective view of the elements that make up the production system of the edaphic amendment

In addition to the elements described above, Figure 2 also represents:

13. - Transparent flexible membrane, of plastic material, which constitutes the photobioreactor,

14. - Gas drive equipment pump

15. - Liquid injection equipment pump

16. - Liquid collection: inoculum, liquid phase of waste and water

17. - Gas intake from the emitting source

18. - Exit of liquids by which the algae culture produced in the photobioreactor is extracted

20. - Gas purge valve

21. - First input of the gas photobioreactor, connected to the second injection equipment (14)

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22. - Second entry of the photobioreactor, of Kquidos, through which the inoculum, nutrients and water are introduced, connected to the first injection equipment (13)

Figure 3. Shows the top view of the production system of the edaphic amendment In addition to the elements described above, Figure 3 also represents:

23. - Culture medium pressure sensor

Figure 4. Shows the sectioned view according to section A-A of the production system of the edaphic amendment

In addition, of the elements mentioned above, Figure 4 also shows the following element:

19.- Liquid impermeable and gas porous bag housed inside the photobioreactor (13)

24. - Gas pressure sensor inside the bag impermeable to liquids and porous to gases

Figure 5. It shows the perspective view of the production system of the edaphic amendment, in an alternative embodiment, with the detail of the connection of the liquid pumping equipment during the cultivation of the edaphic amendment, in which the liquid outlet (18 ) is connected to the liquid injection equipment (15)

Description of an example of embodiment of the invention

Considering the embodiments shown in the figures and the numbering adopted therein, the installation and process for the production of algae edaphic amendment described below represents a preferred implementation of the invention.

The present invention relates to an amendment for soils consisting of native edaphic algae extracted from a concrete soil and cultivated in a controlled manner, its method of obtaining and the installation for carrying out said procedure.

The present procedure for the production of seaweed amendment consists of several stages (Figure 1), in which different elements of a system designed for this purpose are involved:

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- Extract from a soil (1) a sample containing algae representative of its composition;

- Isolate and identify (2) soil algae. For the soil to which the amendment is to be produced, and from which the representative sample has been extracted, the algae that constitute the biological population of that soil are identified and isolated.

- Produce an inoculum of the algae (3), and introduce (4) said inoculum into the photobioreactor for cultivation as an aldactic algae amendment (5) The volume of inoculum generated from the isolated and identified algae (3) is introduced into the Photobioreactor for the cultivation of the seaweed edaphic amendment (5) constituting a concentration of 0.0025 to 0.15 g of algae dry matter in the photobioreactor volume. Previously after obtaining the liquid phase of the waste (8) through solid-liquid separation and / or solid-liquid solution techniques, (9) is introduced by reason of achieving a nitrogen concentration of at least 21.26 mg / L and at least 2.96 mg / L phosphorus from the soluble phase of residues. Subsequently, with water (6) it is flush (7) until the volume of the photobioreactor is completed.

- Parallel to the filling of the photobioreactor with the elements that constitute the crop, filling of the liquid impermeable and gas porous bag is activated (19). Once the components have been introduced into the photobioreactor, the culture process that will last until the algae concentration does not experience an increase in two consecutive days is triggered, a parameter monitored by means of turbidity measurement.

- In the culture process, the anaerobic combustion and / or fermentation and / or aerobic fermentation gases (10) are injected into the crop photobioreactor of the amendment (11), through a conduction (17) that evacuates to the waterproof bag to water and porous to gases (19). This injection is done by means of control of two pressure sensors. One is located inside the water impermeable and gas porous bag (24) and another sensor is located in the inner bottom perimeter band of the photobioreactor, attached to the membrane (23), representative of the pressure column of the medium of crop (Figure 2). When the gas pressure in the bag is 1.5 times lower than the pressure in the culture medium column, the gas injection equipment (14) will be turned on until the gas pressure is at least 1.5 times higher than the pressure of the water column.

In the event that the diffusion of gas from the bag in the culture medium does not cause agitation of 0.10 to 0.25 m / s, complementary agitation will be available with the liquid injection equipment (15) connected to the entry of this equipment to the liquid outlet of

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photobioreactor (18) and the output of the equipment in question at the Kquidos input of the photobioreactor (22) (Figure 5).

In one of the developments of the photobioreactor, a transparent flexible membrane (13) is identified that contains inside the culture medium formed by: water, nutrients, algae and gases. Inside the photobioreactor, a porous and water impermeable bag (19) to which the gases are injected through the gas inlet (21) is located at the bottom (figure 3 and figure 4). The gases inside this bag are introduced by means of a pump of impulsion (14).

To introduce the liquids inside the photobioreactor, there is a liquid inlet (22) that communicates with the inside contained by the transparent flexible membrane (18). These are introduced by means of a liquid pump (15).

There is also a liquid outlet (18) to evacuate the contents of the culture medium to the distribution team, once it is decided that the cultivated edaphic amendment is in a position to be extracted and used.

In the upper part of the flexible membrane a gas purge valve (20) is located, in order to evacuate the gases that are produced within the photobioreactor derived from the own photosynthetic or respiratory activity of the algae, in this way the pressure is controlled above which the gases from the photobioreactor must be evacuated. Thus managing to control the diffusion of the gases injected into the culture medium.

When the maximum concentration of algae inside the photobioreactor has been reached, this liquid will be extracted and introduced to a distribution equipment (12) in the soil (1). That is, once the edaphic amendment has been extracted, the product obtained (consisting of a seaweed crop) is ready to be distributed to the soil of origin.

Claims (12)

5 10 fifteen twenty 25 30 35 1. A process of production of seaweed amendment in a photobioreactor, characterized in that it comprises at least the following stages: - introduce an inoculum of edaphic algae representative of the photobioreactor characteristic population of a soil, previously identified and isolated; - Produce in agitation a culture medium inside the photobioreactor from the inoculation of the edaphic algae autochthonous from the soil, water and nutrients in soluble form extracted from waste by means of a liquid-solid separation process and / or a liquid dissolution equipment -solid, the culture medium being constituted by a concentration of between 0.0025 and 0.15 g of dry matter of algae per liter of photobioreactor, at least 21.26 mg / L of nitrogen and at least 2.96 mg / L of phosphorus, the remaining volume of water; and - inject gases from a combustion and / or aerobic fermentation and / or anaerobic, and control the degree of diffusion of said gas to the culture medium by means of the control of the pressure of the injected gases and the representative pressure of the column of the culture medium on the lower part of the photobioreactor, such that activates the injection when the pressure of the injected gases is less than the pressure of the culture medium column in the lower part of the photobioreactor, until the relationship is reversed. 2. The process according to the previous revindication, where the inoculum is formed by at least one eukaryotic and / or prokaryotic species of algae, contained in the soil from which it is isolated and identified. 3. The process according to any one of claims 1 or 2, further comprising a previous stage of obtaining the soil sample, identification and isolation of the algae to prepare the inoculum. 4. The process according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the control of the degree of diffusion of the gas to the culture medium is carried out by means of pressure sensors housed inside the photobioreactor, a first pressure sensor being located at the inlet of the gases to the photobioreactor and a second sensor in the lower inner part of the photobioreactor, attached to the flexible membrane thereof, in such a way that the injection of the gas into the photobioreactor is activated when the pressure measured by the sensor located at the inlet of it is 1.5 times lower than the pressure measured by the sensor 5 10 fifteen twenty 25 30 35 located at the bottom, and until the gas injection pressure is at least 1.5 times greater than the pressure of the culture medium column. 5. The process according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the agitation of the culture medium is carried out by means of agitation when the agitation that takes place by the gas injection itself is not between 0.10 to 0.25 m / s 6. The process according to the preceding claim, characterized in that it comprises a final stage consisting in extracting the crop from the photobioreactor and reintroducing it as an edaphic amendment in the soil of origin or in a soil of equivalent physico-chemical characteristics. 7. A method for improving the biological activity of a soil, characterized in that it comprises adding to it the edaphic amendment of algae obtainable from the process described in any one of claims 1 to 6, said amendment presenting a concentration of at least 3 , 80 gr of dried seaweed matter per liter. 8. Method according to the previous claim, where the edaphic amendment is added to the ground by spraying or spraying, by means of mobile or fixed equipment with respect to the ground. 9. A production installation of algae edaphic amendment according to the process described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it comprises: - a flexible membrane photobioreactor with at least one transparent front for the passage of light, and with at least one liquid inlet, a gas inlet, a liquid outlet and a gas purging valve at its top; whose interior is designed to house the liquid culture medium constituted by the inoculation of native edaphic algae extracted from a soil, water and nutrients from the soluble phase of the waste extracted through solid-liquid separation or solid-liquid dissolution techniques ; - a first liquid injection equipment for inoculum, water and nutrients from waste, connectable to the liquid inlet of the photobioreactor and a liquid-solid separation equipment and / or a liquid-solid dissolution equipment in those that obtain a liquid phase from the residues that contain the nutrients to be injected in soluble form; - a second injection equipment, of combustion and / or anaerobic and / or aerobic fermentation gases, connectable to the gas inlet of the photobioreactor and at the same time a gas impermeable and gas porous membrane bag located in the lower part of the interior of said photobioreactor; and - a first pressure sensor housed inside the waterproof and porous bag and a second pressure sensor located in the lower perimeter band of the photobioreactor, 5 attached to the flexible membrane of the photobioreactor. 10. The installation according to the previous claim, wherein the flexible membrane is made of plastic material. The installation according to any one of claims 9 or 10, wherein the source of combustion and / or anaerobic and / or aerobic fermentation is fixed or mobile. 12. The installation according to any one of claims 9 to 11, wherein the injection equipment comprises a pump for driving liquids and gases into the interior of the 15 photobioreactor and the bag contained inside the photobioreactor, respectively. 13. The installation according to any one of claims 9 to 12, wherein the photobioreactor comprises a liquid outlet, through which the culture is extracted. 20 14. The installation according to claim 13, wherein the output of liquids from the photobioreactor It is connected to the liquid injection equipment inside the photobioreactor to produce agitation inside it when the agitation inside is less than the range of 0.10 to 0.25m / s.