ES2502069B1 - Membranas poliméricas de inclusión basadas en líquidos iónicos - Google Patents
Membranas poliméricas de inclusión basadas en líquidos iónicos Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- ES2502069B1 ES2502069B1 ES201330453A ES201330453A ES2502069B1 ES 2502069 B1 ES2502069 B1 ES 2502069B1 ES 201330453 A ES201330453 A ES 201330453A ES 201330453 A ES201330453 A ES 201330453A ES 2502069 B1 ES2502069 B1 ES 2502069B1
- Authority
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- Spain
- Prior art keywords
- ionic liquids
- membranes based
- polymeric
- agent
- membranes
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000002608 ionic liquid Substances 0.000 title abstract description 14
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title abstract description 11
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920005601 base polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 tetrafluoroborate Chemical compound 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-O Imidazolium Chemical compound C1=C[NH+]=CN1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-O Pyrrolidinium ion Chemical compound C1CC[NH2+]C1 RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005842 biochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- UCCKRVYTJPMHRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)azanide;1-butyl-2,3-dimethylimidazol-3-ium Chemical compound CCCC[N+]=1C=CN(C)C=1C.FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F UCCKRVYTJPMHRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007809 chemical reaction catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002891 organic anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002892 organic cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-O phosphonium Chemical compound [PH4+] XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013316 polymer of intrinsic microporosity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-O pyridinium Chemical compound C1=CC=[NH+]C=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triflic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/76—Macromolecular material not specifically provided for in a single one of groups B01D71/08 - B01D71/74
- B01D71/82—Macromolecular material not specifically provided for in a single one of groups B01D71/08 - B01D71/74 characterised by the presence of specified groups, e.g. introduced by chemical after-treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/08—Polysaccharides
- B01D71/12—Cellulose derivatives
- B01D71/14—Esters of organic acids
- B01D71/16—Cellulose acetate
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/28—Polymers of vinyl aromatic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/58—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by removing specified dissolved compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C211/00—Compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton
- C07C211/62—Quaternary ammonium compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C381/00—Compounds containing carbon and sulfur and having functional groups not covered by groups C07C301/00 - C07C337/00
- C07C381/12—Sulfonium compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/28—Phosphorus compounds with one or more P—C bonds
- C07F9/54—Quaternary phosphonium compounds
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Abstract
Membranas poliméricas de inclusión basadas en líquidos iónicos.#La presente invención se refiere a una membrana polimérica de inclusión que comprende un polímero base, un agente de extracción y una agente plastificante donde el agente de extracción y el agente plastificante es un líquido iónico, la invención también se refiere al uso de dichas membranas en pilas de combustible microbianas, al uso de las mismas para la separación selectiva de mezclas de ácidos orgánicos, alcoholes y ésteres y al uso de las mismas como matrices de inmovilización de productos químicos, bioquímicos y/o biológicos.
Description
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P201330453
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compuestos orgánicos que incorporan una cadena alquílica principal hidrófoba y uno o varios grupos polares altamente solvatantes.
Los líquidos iónicos (ILs) poseen propiedades únicas que son interesantes en el contexto de las membranas líquidas. Los ILs son sales orgánicas que se encuentran en estado líquido a temperatura ambiente. Se componen normalmente de un catión orgánico (por ejemplo, imidazolio, piridinio, pirrolidinio, fosfonio, amonio), y un anión poliatómico inorgánico (por ejemplo, tetrafluoroborato, hexafluorofosfato, cloruro) o, cada vez más habitualmente, un anión orgánico (por ejemplo trifluorometilsulfonato, bis [( trifluorometil) sulfonil] imida). La principal ventaja de estos medios es su presión de vapor próxima a cero y su buena estabilidad química y térmica. Por las anteriores propiedades se han considerado como disolventes benignos con el medio ambiente en comparación con disolventes orgánicos volátiles. Además, las propiedades de los líquidos iónicos (hidrofobicidad, viscosidad, solubilidad, etc) pueden ser moduladas mediante la modificación del anión o catión constituyentes. De esta forma se pueden conseguir líquidos iónicos específicos para cada aplicación concreta lo que ha permitido su utilización en multitud de campos de la química. De hecho, los líquidos iónicos han sido empleados como sustitutos de disolventes orgánicos volátiles en una amplia variedad de procesos químicos a escala de laboratorio, tales como la separación y purificación de medios de reacción bioquímica y catalizadores.
El uso de estos nuevos disolventes como una fase líquida en membranas líquidas conduce a una estabilización de las membranas debido a su mínima presión de vapor y la posibilidad de minimizar su solubilidad en las fases circundantes mediante la selección adecuada del catión y el anión constituyente. Otras propiedades interesantes de los líquidos iónicos en el contexto de las membranas líquidas son su alta conductividad iónica y alto poder como disolvente. Todas estas propiedades mencionadas han llevado ILs a ser considerados como "disolventes verdes de diseño". Además, en el contexto de las PIMs, algunos líquidos iónicos presentan la ventaja añadida de actuar como agente de extracción y como plastificante al mismo tiempo.
En la última década, se ha descrito en la bibliografía científica el empleo de membranas líquidas soportadas (SLMs) basadas en ILs para la separación selectiva de compuestos orgánicos tales como aminas, alcoholes, ácidos orgánicos, cetonas, éteres e hidrocarburos aromáticos, así como mezclas de gases y de iones metálicos. Sin embargo, estas SLMs generalmente han mostrado una estabilidad limitada principalmente a medios altamente
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Descripción de la invención
Así pues la presente invención en un primer aspecto se refiere a una membrana polimérica de inclusión (de ahora en adelante membrana de la presente invención) que comprende al menos un polímero base, un agente de extracción y una agente plastificante caracterizada
5 por que el agente de extracción y el agente plastificante es un líquido iónico seleccionado de entre las fórmulas generales I-VIII:
(I) (II)
R2 imagen13 X-n
R2 imagen14
X-n
AA
R3 R3
n
n
10 (III)
(IV) (V)
R7
X-n X-n
V
V U
U W R8
W R8
n n
(VI) (VII) (VIII)
R10 R11
R10 R11 X-n
R10 R11 X-n X-n
N R12 R13
R12 R13 R12
n n
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Claims (1)
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imagen1 imagen2 imagen3
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES201330453A ES2502069B1 (es) | 2013-03-27 | 2013-03-27 | Membranas poliméricas de inclusión basadas en líquidos iónicos |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES201330453A ES2502069B1 (es) | 2013-03-27 | 2013-03-27 | Membranas poliméricas de inclusión basadas en líquidos iónicos |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ES2502069A1 ES2502069A1 (es) | 2014-10-02 |
| ES2502069B1 true ES2502069B1 (es) | 2015-06-11 |
Family
ID=51619341
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES201330453A Active ES2502069B1 (es) | 2013-03-27 | 2013-03-27 | Membranas poliméricas de inclusión basadas en líquidos iónicos |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| ES (1) | ES2502069B1 (es) |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2012071605A1 (en) * | 2010-11-29 | 2012-06-07 | The University Of Melbourne | Process for preparing gold nanoparticles |
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2013
- 2013-03-27 ES ES201330453A patent/ES2502069B1/es active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2502069A1 (es) | 2014-10-02 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FG2A | Definitive protection |
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