ES2394465A1 - Wind instrument head, wind instrument and manufacturing method of a wind instrument (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

Abstract

Head of wind instrument, wind instrument and method of making a wind instrument. The head comprises a tubular portion (2) to be attached to the entrance of the body of a wind instrument, an air inlet channel (3), an air outlet window (4) and a bevel (5) with its edge facing the outlet of the air inlet channel (3) to bifurcate the air exiting the same, directing it towards the outside, circulating on an exterior face (5e) of the bevel (5) towards the window (4), and towards the interior of the tubular portion (2), circulating on an inner face (5i) of the bevel (5) partially or completely concave. The instrument comprises an elongated tubular body with an end coupled to the wind instrument head. The method comprises manufacturing the wind instrument by injection molding. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

Wind instrument head, wind instrument and manufacturing method

of a wind instrument

Technical sector

5

The present invention concerns, in a first aspect, a head of

wind instrument that includes a bevel that produces sound vibrations when colliding

against his song the air blown by an interpreter through an entrance channel, and

more particularly to a wind instrument head whose bevel has a face

interior whose shape allows to optimize the effort of the interpreter's breath and the correct

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balance between the notes and their respective upper octaves.

A second aspect of the invention concerns a wind instrument that

comprises the head proposed by the first aspect coupled to one end of a

elongated tubular body.

The invention also concerns, in a third aspect, a method of

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manufacture of the wind instrument proposed by the second aspect.

Prior art

Wind instruments are known, such as peak flutes, whose

heads include a bezel, commonly known as a flute bezel, with its cante

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facing the exit of the instrument air inlet channel.

In general the two faces of said bevel are flat, adopting the outer face the

shape of a ramp and running the inner face horizontally and at the same level as

the inner surface of the tube or chamber that forms the body of the instrument.

There are, however, proposals where, for one purpose or another, some of the faces

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The bezel is configured differently from the one mentioned. They are cited below

Some of such proposals.

In US2883898 a musical instrument formed by a

tube attached to a mouth or head with a bevel whose outer wall is

concave, and faces the exit of the air inlet channel, in order

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of directing it out of the instrument, so that the bevel vibrates to produce the

desired sound In said patent the bevel edge is at a level below

of the longitudinal axis of the air inlet channel, so that the outer face receives

most of the air that comes out of it. In fact, said outer face of the bevel is

denominated, in said patent, as the basis of the rest of the air channel, since the

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intention is that the air blown by the instrumentalist passes through the air channel of

entrance, through a vertical opening, or window, and then circulate through the face

curved outer bezel, to deflect outside.

US2883898 does not affect the configuration or shape of the face

inside the bevel, this illustrated as a flat, horizontal surface that

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Continue with the rest of the inner contour of the tube, at the same level or height. I dont know

it affects this configuration because the purpose of US2883898 is not to regulate the

path of the air inlet to the instrument tube, but the air outlet of the instrument.

A wind instrument is described in US5309806, in particular

an ocarina, with a bevel whose inner face is slightly bulged. Apart from the

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illustration of said domed inner face, said patent does not describe such

characteristic. Similar to US2883898, the bevel edge illustrated in

US5309806 is located at a level below the longitudinal axis of the input channel

of air, so that the outer face receives and deflects out most of the

air leaving the inlet channel.

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US6348647 patent concerns a flute whose bevel has a surface

flat interior but higher than the inner wall of the resonance chamber, of

so that there is a transition step between the two that defines a section of

displaced cavity The aforementioned step is intended to align the edge of the

bevel with the air inlet channel outlet, to obtain certain

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pressure differences when the air circulates through both the outer face and the inner face

of the bevel, and thus produce a certain sound. It is not indicated in said patent that the

air shock that circulates through the inner face of the bevel with the step has an effect

beneficial or not, in the sound produced.

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Explanation of the invention.

The present invention offers an alternative to the state of the art that, to

Unlike conventional proposals, it focuses on offering, in insufflated air, a

path of entry to the resonance chamber, or body of a wind instrument,

by a particular configuration of the inner face of the bevel of the head of

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wind instrument, which allows first to optimize the effort of the breath of the

interpreter, obtaining the qualitative characteristic that consists in allowing a maximum

sound performance with different values of pressure and / or air velocity

consistent, induced by the interpreter. Such optimization of the puff effort makes

that the invention is particularly applicable for use by children.

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Second, this way of channeling the air column channel

towards the inside of the instrument body, by means of the aforementioned configuration

particular of the inner face of the bevel that will be described below, allows a

proportion of the relationship between the air attack pressure with respect to the pulsation or

frequency of this on the resonant tube, of lower value than in the use of a bevel

normal, thus allowing a variability of the pressure that affects

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minimally to the variation of the pitch of the pressed note, while allowing

its octave (double the pulse) is more adjustable with little change or effort in

The pressure of his attack.

To achieve the aforementioned objectives, the present invention concerns, in a

first aspect, to a wind instrument head, comprising, so in

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yes known, a tubular portion to be coupled to the entrance of the body of an instrument of

wind, an air inlet channel, an air outlet window and a disposed bezel

with its edge facing the exit of said air inlet channel to fork the

air coming out of it, directing it outwards, circulating on one side

exterior of said bevel towards said window, and into said tubular portion,

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circulating on an inner face of the bevel.

In the wind instrument head proposed by the first aspect of the

invention, unlike known proposals, the inner face of the bevel is, as

minimum in part, concave, so that it defines the commented path for the air

insufflated into the body of the wind instrument that attaches to the

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head, which allows the mentioned optimization of the blow effort.

With respect to the outer face of the bevel, this is, for an exemplary embodiment,

flat and defines a ramp that goes from the outer face of the tubular portion to

said bevel edge.

For a preferred embodiment, the inner face of the bevel defines a

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parabolic line in at least one cutting plane that passes through the longitudinal axis of

said tubular portion, which, according to a variant of said exemplary embodiment,

preferred, is a plane of cut that crosses perpendicularly to the outer face of the

ramp-shaped bezel.

In general, the inner face of the bevel defines a plurality of parabolic lines

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in a corresponding plurality of cutting planes parallel to said cutting plane

passing through the longitudinal axis of the tubular portion. For an embodiment example,

said plurality of cutting planes cover the entire width of the bevel.

As regards the position of the bevel edge, for an example of

embodiment this is displaced, towards the outside of the tubular portion, according to

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said plane that passes perpendicularly to the outer face of the bevel in the form of

ramp, a predetermined distance in relation to the air inlet channel, so that most of the insufflated air is directed towards the inner face of the bevel.

A second aspect of the invention concerns a wind instrument comprising an elongated tubular body with a series of through holes defined at different points located along it, and with a first end coupled to a wind instrument head according to the First aspect of the invention.

The wind instrument proposed by the second aspect of the invention is, for an exemplary embodiment, an instrument of the peak flute family, and preferably a historical traditional musical instrument known as "flabiol", which was developed in the fourteenth century (one-hand flute) in the areas of the ancient kingdom of Aragon, and that has come to this day through traditional culture, with different tunings (pitch heights) and temperaments (proportional divisions of the scale). Its conventional construction is handmade and individualized. He currently has a standardized fingering in secondary schools (music schools or conservatories), and in the "Higher School of Music of Catalonia."

The particular configuration of the inner face of the instrument head bezel also provides a correct balance between the notes and their respective upper octaves (double frequency), a characteristic absent in historical instruments until today.

A third aspect of the invention concerns a method of manufacturing a wind instrument comprising manufacturing the tubular body and the head of the wind instrument proposed by the second aspect, in plastic, by injection molding, manufacturing which is carried according to an embodiment example, in a serial manner.

In particular, the manufacturing method comprises manufacturing three plastic parts by means of said injection molding: a first to constitute the tubular body, and a second and third to constitute two parts of the wind instrument head that are coupled together to define the air inlet channel, inserting one into a defined through opening in the other.

The manufacturing method is applied to the manufacture of an instrument of the family of the flutes of peak, in particular the referred "flabiol".

Brief description of the drawings The above and other advantages and features will be more fully understood from the following detailed description of some examples of

realization with reference to the attached drawings, which should be taken for illustrative purposes and

non-limiting, in which:

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional side elevation view of the

wind instrument head proposed by the first aspect of the invention, for

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an example of embodiment;

Fig. 2 is a front elevation view of the proposed instrument head

by the first aspect of the invention, taken from the left side of the drawing

illustrated in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a cross section of the instrument head proposed by

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the first aspect of the invention, taken through the plane indicated by line 111-111

in Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 shows in detail a portion of the view illustrated in Fig. 1, of

schematic way, since the proportions existing in said

Fig. 1, in order to provide greater detail in the relevant elements of the

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same;

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the head for instrument of vientq

proposed by the first aspect of the invention whose longitudinal section is illustrated in

Fig. 1;

Fig. 6 is a plan view of the wind instrument proposed by et

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second aspect of the invention, in a situation prior to head coupling

with the body of the instrument;

Fig. 7 is a cross section of the wind instrument as illustrated in

Fig. 6, taken through the plane indicated by the line VIl-VIl; Y

Fig. 8 is a view analogous to that of Fig. 7, but showing the head and the

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Instrument body once coupled to each other.

Detailed description of some embodiments

As shown in Figs. 1 and 5, the wind instrument head 1

proposed by the first aspect of the invention comprises a tubular portion 2 with

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a 2d2 section to be coupled to the entrance of the body of a wind instrument, a section

intermediate 2d1, of smaller diameter, and an initial section in which it is inserted

a piece 7, leaving a remaining space uncovered that defines the input channel of

air 3, of length e, which can also be seen in Figs. 2 and 3, which is, in the direction of

its exit, of decreasing rectangular section, both in width and height, as

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It can be seen by observing Figs. 2, 3 and 4 and consulting the dimensions indicated in

it (G1 to G4) in the tables included at the end of this section, which

they make the air inlet channel 3 conform to an air attack channel that

It allows a certain compression.

In the intermediate section 2d2, particularly in its upper part (depending on the position

illustrated by Fig. 1), an air outlet window 4 is defined which

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communicates inside the tubular portion 2 with the outside, and that it is

dimensioned by the values f and g, which determine the volume or intensity of the

instrument sound, similar to historical or traditional instruments.

Delimiting part of window 3 is bevel 5, known as bevel

of flute, arranged with its 5c edge facing the exit of the air inlet channel

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3, whose outer face 5e is flat and defines a ramp that goes from the outer face 2e

from the tubular portion 2 to the edge 5c of the bevel 5.

As can be seen in Fig. 1, and in greater detail in Fig. 4, the inner face

5i of the bevel 5 is concave, defining a parabolic line S in a plane that crosses

perpendicular to the outer face 5e of the bevel 5 in the form of a ramp.

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Although in the sections illustrated by said Figs. 1 and 4 can only

appreciate a parabolic line S, in fact the inner face 5i of the bevel 5 defines uné: J

plurality of palm lines in a corresponding plurality of cutting planes

parallel to the cutting plane that passes through the longitudinal axis E of the tubular portion 2.

said plurality of cutting planes encompassing the entire width of bevel 5, as ss

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illustrated in perspective in Fig. 5, where the inner face 5i has been drawn with a stripe

inside and the rest of the bezel 5 has been drawn transparent to allow you to appreciate your

through said inner face 5i of the bevel 5.

As can be seen in Figs. 1, 4 and 5, the inner face 5i of the bezel 5 encompasses

part of the inner contour 2i of the tubular portion 2, thus constituting a surface

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transition interior with the rest of the tubular portion 2.

With particular reference to Fig. 4, it shows how the line

parabolic S has a horizontal tangent (with an allowable variation of +/- 1 °) that

it passes through points p2 and p4, and extends from p2 to point p3. For others

exemplary embodiments, not illustrated, the horizontal tangent passes through the point p1, the

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which is chosen from among all available points over the entire height G2, that is

of the height of the output of the input channel 3, depending on the desired result

obtain.

The thickness of the edge 5c of the bevel 5 gives it a specific timbre, and has a

height t that can be varied according to the listener's objective taste. In the tables that are

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they include below the value of said height t, with a margin of tolerances,

for an embodiment example.

As illustrated in Fig. 4, the edge 5c of the bevel 5 is located

displaced, towards the outside of the tubular portion 2, according to the plane it crosses

perpendicular to the outer face 5e of the ramp-shaped bevel 5, a distance

predetermined e, or eccentricity factor, in relation to the air inlet channel 3,

5

in particular with respect to its axis of symmetry.

This value e towards the outside of the instrument allows the possibility of

stabilize and make possible, easily, the notes of the upper tessitura of the

instrument.

Through the unique characteristics of the flute bezel 5, without missing the

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own recognition of the historical instruments, it is possible to stabilize the

maximum air column pressure variations, produced by each note or

frequency, and at the same time a good sound result is obtained at different pressures (both

lower than higher than optimal), without major variations in the

proportion of the scale or temperament of the instrument, characteristic that allows sLJ

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adequacy as an instrument of learning, in elementary school students.

This effect is complemented by a second eccentricity produced by the

distance r, with respect to the total path e of the air inlet channel 3. As

illustrated in Fig. 4 said distance r is due to the upper wall of the input channel

of air 3, or closer to the air outlet window 4, is shorter than the length

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total of the air inlet channel 3, ending a certain distance r before the

outlet of the air inlet channel 3. That is, as seen in Fig. 4, the

distance res which goes from 2t to 7t.

A second aspect of the invention concerns a wind instrument, which

It is illustrated for an exemplary embodiment for which this is a "flabiol", in Figs. 6,

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7 and 8, in which it can be seen that the instrument comprises a tubular body

elongate 6 with a series of through holes defined at different points located at

along it, and with an end 6a coupled to the wind instrument head

1 proposed by the first aspect of the invention, in particular by introduction

of said end 6a in the tubular section 2d2, both being communicated through

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of a tubular section of a given diameter d.

The tubular body 6 ends at a second end 6b at a distance 07 from the

edge 5c of bevel 5, as seen in Fig. 8.

Depending on the embodiment, the instrument is conical or cylindrical, it is

say the dimensions E1 and E2 indicated in Fig. 8 are the same (cylindrical) or different

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(conical).

In particular the wind instrument proposed by the second aspect of the

invention comprises a first group of five through holes 01-05, which

correspond to an independent set of holes to cover and uncover with

fingers of one hand, with certain diameters 81, 82, 83, A 1 and A2 and with

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its geometric centers arranged at certain distances, with respect to the song

5c of bevel 5, indicated as 01, 02, 03, 08 and 09.

Although for an exemplary embodiment, "flabiol" only

It has said first group of through holes, for the example of

embodiment illustrated by Figs. 6, 7 and 8, this comprises a second group of four

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through holes R 1-R4, of proportionality independent of the holes of the first

group, with diameters 84, 85, 86 and A3, and with their geometric centers arranged to

determined distances from the edge 5c of the bevel 5, indicated as 04, 05,

06 and 01 O. The function of this second group of through holes is to allow the

"tuning fork" or the height of the tuning of the instrument.

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According to other embodiments, not illustrated, the number of holes ds

this second group can be from one to an indefinite set of holes, to

cover yourself or not with a second hand.

For another embodiment, the instrument also has the addition

of perforations to solve by means of keys the "alterations" or "chromatisms" of sLI

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"natural scale".

The perforation distances of both groups and their respective

diameters, which confer an area of decompression on the resonance tube, are

are determined from the position of the bevel 5c of the bevel 5. All this

proportional set determines the temperament characteristics of the scale of the

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instrument (tuning of the set of musical notes), and its tonal height (fingerboard of

main tone reference).

The values of the diameters and distances mentioned, as well as the rest of

dimensions indicated in Figs. 2, 3, 4, 6, 7 and 8, are included in the following tables, for

an embodiment example corresponding to the tuning fork referred to La3 (440Hz), for

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that the instrument can play music with any other instrument with this

standard tuning (for example the piano). Tolerances indicated as "interval +/-"

they refer to the possible variations by scale, linear or logarithmic, of all the

set of values of the diameters of the perforations and their respective

distances to the edge 5c of the bevel 5, or of any of them.

Dimensional parameters and their variability (in mm): Distances to the bevel edge:

Dimension

Value interval +/-

D1

85 2

D2

108.5 2

D3

133.37 2

D4

163.87 2

D5

181.62 2

D6

197.49 2

D7

217.25 2

D8

75 2

D9

149.37 2

D10

176.49 2

Diameters of the perforations:

Dimension

Value interval +/-

A1

6.5 one

A2

6.25 one

A3

8 one

81

7.5 one

82

6.5 one

83

9.75 one

84

8.25 one

85

5.75 one

86

7.5 one

Parameters of the bevel and the emptying to define the window:

Dimension

Value interval +/-

E1

23.98 twenty

E2

20.1 19

and

23.8 -23 +90

F

5.2 -5 +15

h

21.07 -20 +60

d

12 2

g

10.45 -10 + (E1-g)

t

0.32 -0.3 +5

and

0.058 G2 / 2

L

21.07 -20 +120

G1

1.6 0.3

G2

1.01 0.3

G3

13 0.3

G4

10.5 0.3

A person skilled in the art could introduce changes and modifications in the 1 or described embodiments described without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (17)

 Claims 1.-Wind instrument head, of the type comprising a tubular portion (2) to be coupled to the entrance of the body of a wind instrument, an air inlet channel (3), an air outlet window (4 ) and a bevel (5) arranged with its edge (5c) facing the exit of said air inlet channel (3) to branch off the air that flows through it, directing it outwards, circulating on an outer face (5e ) of said bevel (5) towards said air outlet window (4), and into said tubular portion (2), circulating on an inner face (5i) of the bevel (5), said instrument head being of wind (1) characterized in that said inner face (5i) of the bevel (5) is at least partly concave. 2. Wind instrument head according to claim 1, characterized in that said inner face (5i) of the bevel (5) defines a parabolic line (S) in at least one cutting plane passing through the longitudinal axis (E) of said tubular portion (2). 3. Wind instrument head according to claim 2, characterized in that said outer face (5e) of the bevel (5) is flat and defines a ramp that goes from the outer face (2e) of the tubular portion (2) to said edge (5c) of the bevel (5). 4. Wind instrument head according to claim 3, characterized in that said cutting plane in which the inner face (5i) of the bevel (5) defines a parabolic line (S) is a plane that passes perpendicularly to said outer face (5e) of the bevel (5) in the form of a ramp. 5. Wind instrument head according to claim 2 or 4, characterized in that the inner face (5i) of the bevel (5) defines a plurality of parabolic lines in a corresponding plurality of cutting planes parallel to said passing cutting plane along the longitudinal axis (E) of the tubular portion (2). 6. Wind instrument head according to claim 5, characterized in that said plurality of cutting planes cover the entire width of the bevel (5). 7. Wind instrument head according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least part of said inner face (5i) of the bevel (5) comprises part of the inner contour (2i) of said tubular portion (2). 8. Wind instrument head according to claim 4, characterized in that the edge (5c) of the bevel (5) is displaced towards the outside of the tubular portion (2), according to said plane that passes perpendicularly to the outer face ( 5e) of the bevel (5) in the form of a ramp, a predetermined distance (e) in relation to said air inlet channel (3). 9. Wind instrument head according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least the upper wall of said air inlet channel (3), or closer to said air outlet window (4), is more short than the total length of the air inlet channel (3), ending a certain distance (r) before the exit of the air inlet channel (3). 10. Wind instrument head according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said air inlet channel (3) is, in the direction of its exit, of decreasing rectangular section, both in width and height. 11. Wind instrument, characterized in that it comprises an elongated tubular body (6) with a series of through holes defined at different points located along it, and with an end (6a) coupled to a wind instrument head ( 1) according to any one of the preceding claims. 12. Wind instrument according to claim 11, characterized in that said series of through holes comprises a first group of five through holes (Q1-Q5) with their geometric centers arranged, with a tolerance of +/- 2 mm, at lal't following distances from the bevel edge: 75 mm, for a first hole (Q1), 85 mm, for a second hole (Q2), 108.5 mm, for a third hole (Q3), 133.37 mm, for a fourth hole (Q4), and 149.37 mm, for a fifth hole (Q5). 13. Wind instrument according to claim 12, characterized in that said five through holes (Q1-Q5) of said first group have the following diameters, with a tolerance of +/- 1 mm: 6.5 mm, for said first hole (Q1), 7.5 mm, for said second hole (Q2), 6.5 mm, for said third hole (Q3), 9.75 mm, for said fourth hole (Q4), and 6.25 mm, for said fifth hole (Q5). 14. Wind instrument according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that said series of through holes comprises a second group of four through holes (R1-R4) with their geometric centers arranged, with a tolerance of +/- 2 mm, at following distances from the bevel edge: 176.49 mm, for a first hole (R1), 163.87 mm, for a second hole (R2), 181.62 mm, for a third hole (R3) and 197.49 mm, for a fourth hole (R4). 15. Wind instrument according to claim 14, characterized in that said four through holes of said second group have the following diameters, with a tolerance of +/- 1 mm: 8 mm, for said first hole (R1), 8.25 mm, for said second hole (R2), 5.75 mm, for said third hole (R3), 7.5 mm, for said fourth hole (R4). 16.-Instrument according to any one of claims 11 to 15, characterized in that the distance between the edge (5c) of the bevel (5) and a second end (6b) of the elongated tubular body (6) is 217.25 mm, with a tolerance of +/- 2 mm, and the internal diameter of the elongated tubular body (6) and the tubular portion (2), of the 5 head of the wind instrument, communicated with it is, in both cases, 12 mm, with a tolerance of +/- 2 mm. 17.-Method of manufacturing a wind instrument, characterized in that it comprises manufacturing the elongated tubular body (6) and the head (1) of the wind instrument of claim 11, in plastic, by injection molding. 18. Method of manufacture according to claim 17, characterized in that it comprises manufacturing three pieces of plastic by means of said injection molding: a first to constitute said elongated tubular body (6), and a second and third to constitute two parts (2, 7) of said wind instrument head (1) which are coupled between themselves to define said air inlet channel (3). 19. Method of manufacture according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that it is applied to the manufacture of an instrument of the family of peak flutes.