ES2336298A1 - Wastewater depression system with elimination of heavy metals, free of bacteria and germs, without emission of methane or co2 to the atmosphere, recovering the reagents used in the process. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

Wastewater depression system with elimination of heavy metals, free of bacteria and germs, without emission of methane or co2 to the atmosphere, recovering the reagents used in the process. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) Download PDF

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ES2336298A1
ES2336298A1 ES200802892A ES200802892A ES2336298A1 ES 2336298 A1 ES2336298 A1 ES 2336298A1 ES 200802892 A ES200802892 A ES 200802892A ES 200802892 A ES200802892 A ES 200802892A ES 2336298 A1 ES2336298 A1 ES 2336298A1
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chloride
methane
wastewater
bacteria
germs
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ES2336298B1 (en
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Javier Porcar Orti
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Fundacion Investigacion e Innovacion para el Desarrollo Social
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/52Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
    • C02F1/5236Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/58Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by removing specified dissolved compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/58Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by removing specified dissolved compounds
    • C02F1/62Heavy metal compounds

Abstract

Sewage-water purification system with elimination of heavy metals, free of bacteria and germs, without emission of methane or CO2 into the atmosphere, recovering the reagents used in the process. Pass the wastewater by coarse filtration (2), then to SBR Reaction tank (1), introduce (CLNH4) precipitate Lead Chloride, Calcium and release (NH3). We pass to filter iron filings (3) and ferric chloride and ammonia will be formed. By nanofiltration (4), we will separate the ferric chloride. It is bubbled with carbon dioxide (5), reacts and by Diatomeas filter (6) we get purified water with legal requirements. Ammonia produced in SBR (1), with ferric chloride, released from nanofiltration (4), and organic matter and ammonium, will form ammonium chloride (CLNH4) that recovers (7). We separate the ferric hydroxide, produced in the nanofiltration process, from the organic matter, and use it as fertilizer. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

Sistema de depuración de aguas residuales con eliminación de metales pesados, libres de bacterias y gérmenes, sin emisión de metano ni CO_{2} a la atmósfera, recuperando los reactivos empleados en el proceso.Wastewater purification system with removal of heavy metals, free of bacteria and germs, without emission of methane or CO2 into the atmosphere, recovering reagents used in the process.

Antecedentes de la invenciónBackground of the invention

El agua es un bien tan necesario, que la ONU esta planteándose declarar los recursos hídricos como patrimonio de la humanidad. Los incrementos continuos de la población en el mundo, con un crecimiento geométrico y no aritmético de la misma, así como el incremento del nivel de vida de los llamados países emergentes como China, la India, Sudáfrica, Brasil, etc., hacen que la demanda de agua, bien para cultivo, bien para consumo humano hayan crecido en los últimos años de forma exponencial. Dentro del capitulo del ciclo del agua, merece especial atención la no contaminación de los recurso hídricos y el reciclaje del agua, esto es la depuración. El agua depurada para su uso agrícola supone un porcentaje superior a los trasvases entre cuencas fluviales y por supuesto muy superior a la desalación del agua del mar. Tres han sido hasta ahora los problemas que han condicionado la depuración de aguas residuales. En primer lugar, la eliminación de metales pesados para no seguir concentrando y envenenando los recursos hídricos disponibles. En segundo lugar, las emisiones de metano y CO_{2} que contaminan la atmósfera, como consecuencia de la fase de digestión aeróbica de las depuradoras actuales y en tercer lugar, el elevado coste que supone la depuración de aguas residuales, eliminado los metales pesados y evitando los gases de efecto invernadero, como son el metano y el
CO_{2}.
Water is such a necessary asset that the UN is considering declaring water resources as a world heritage site. The continuous increases of the population in the world, with a geometric and non-arithmetic growth of the same, as well as the increase of the standard of living of the so-called emerging countries such as China, India, South Africa, Brazil, etc., make the Water demand, good for cultivation, good for human consumption have grown exponentially in recent years. Within the chapter of the water cycle, the non-contamination of water resources and the recycling of water deserve special attention, this is the purification. The purified water for agricultural use represents a higher percentage of transfers between river basins and of course much higher than the desalination of seawater. Three have so far been the problems that have conditioned sewage treatment. First, the elimination of heavy metals so as not to continue concentrating and poisoning the available water resources. Secondly, the methane and CO2 emissions that pollute the atmosphere, as a result of the aerobic digestion phase of the current treatment plants and thirdly, the high cost of wastewater treatment, eliminating heavy metals and avoiding greenhouse gases, such as methane and
CO 2.

Objeto de la invenciónObject of the invention

Por todo ello, el motivo de la presente invención tiene como objetivos principales la depuración de aguas residuales eliminando de ellas las sustancias contaminantes prioritarias peligrosas que hubiera, cumpliendo de esta manera la Directiva Marco en el sector del Agua de la Comisión Europea y las siguientes decisiones y demás normativas a aplicar, además el proceso se realiza sin digestión de materia orgánica por lo que no existe emisión de CO_{2}.Therefore, the reason for this invention has as its main objectives water purification residuals eliminating pollutants from them dangerous priorities that would exist, thus fulfilling the Framework Directive in the Water sector of the European Commission and following decisions and other regulations to apply, in addition to process is carried out without digestion of organic matter so no CO2 emission exists.

Su funcionamiento viene determinado por:Its operation is determined by:

Tras un tratamiento primario al uso en el que se conseguirá la separación por filtrado y decantación de un porcentaje importante de los sólidos en suspensión (eliminación de todas las partículas superiores a 6 mm), las aguas residuales pasarán a un "Deposito de reacción", denominado SRB introduciendo en la disolución Cloruro Amónico (CLNH_{4}), en la proporción adecuada. El cloruro amónico tiene la capacidad de disociarse totalmente en la solución acuosa, bastando para ello, la agitación que tiene lugar dentro del deposito SRB.After a primary treatment to the use in which will achieve the separation by filtration and decantation of a percentage important suspended solids (elimination of all particles larger than 6 mm), the wastewater will pass to a "Reaction tank", called SRB by entering the solution Ammonium Chloride (CLNH4), in the appropriate proportion. Ammonium chloride has the ability to dissociate completely in the aqueous solution, sufficient for this, the stirring that takes place inside the SRB deposit.

El cloruro amónico disuelto, reaccionará con los metales pesados que están en la disolución de las aguas residuales, así como con los iones, sodio, calcio y magnesio, que estén en la disolución. Como consecuencia de la reacción, se formarán los correspondientes cloruros con los metales y se formarán sales de sodio, calcio magnesio. Los cloruros y las sales no solubles en agua precipitarán y los cloruros y sales solubles se quedarán en suspensión.The dissolved ammonium chloride will react with the heavy metals that are in the dissolution of wastewater, as well as with the ions, sodium, calcium and magnesium, which are in the dissolution. As a consequence of the reaction, the corresponding chlorides with metals and salts of sodium, calcium magnesium. Chlorides and salts not soluble in water they will precipitate and the chlorides and soluble salts will remain in suspension.

Como consecuencia de la reacción se desprenderá el amoniaco en forma de gas que lo recogeremos en la parte superior del reactor, para su posterior reutilización. El porcentaje de gas desprendido nos dará el porcentaje de metales y sales que estén presentes en las aguas residuales.As a result of the reaction it will come off the ammonia in the form of gas that we will collect at the top of the reactor, for later reuse. The percentage of gas detached will give us the percentage of metals and salts that are present in wastewater.

Dada la combinación del cloro y el amoniaco en disolución, los gérmenes y bacterias se eliminarán de la misma, quedando el agua residual bacteriológicamente pura.Given the combination of chlorine and ammonia in dissolution, germs and bacteria will be removed from it, leaving the bacteriologically pure residual water.

El caudal de agua resultante, se pasará por un filtro de limaduras de hierro. La reacción de cloruro amónico que quede en la disolución, en el filtro de limaduras de hierro, será la formación de cloruro férrico, desprendiéndose amoniaco, que lo recogeremos para reconducirlo al deposito que ya habíamos acumulado anteriormente. El cloruro férrico tiene la facultad floculante de agrupar las partículas de materia orgánica en suspensión, por lo que al aumentar su tamaño precipitarán en el depósito.The resulting water flow will be passed through a iron filings filter. The ammonium chloride reaction that remain in the solution, in the iron filings filter, it will be the formation of ferric chloride, releasing ammonia, which we will collect to redirect it to the deposit that we had already accumulated previously. Ferric chloride has the flocculating power of group the particles of suspended organic matter, so when increasing its size they will precipitate in the deposit.

Se somete el caudal resultante a un proceso de nanofiltración, en el que separamos el resto de la materia orgánica y el tricloruro de hierro formado así como el amonio que quedaba. Al producirse la nanofiltración, separaremos el agua depurada del cloruro férrico, que quedará concentrado hasta la saturación y quedarán en la concentración junto a este, los cloruros solubles que no hayan decantado en la primera reacción con el cloruro amónico.The resulting flow is subjected to a process of nanofiltration, in which we separate the rest of the organic matter and the iron trichloride formed as well as the remaining ammonium. To the If nanofiltration occurs, we will separate the purified water from the ferric chloride, which will remain concentrated until saturation and will remain in the concentration next to this, the soluble chlorides that have not decanted in the first reaction with chloride ammonium

En el siguiente paso, en el agua resultante se burbujea dióxido de carbono, que reacciona con el resto de cationes presentes en la solución (Hierro, Cromo trivalente, Cinc, Calcio) formando carbonates o bicarbonatos (sodio).In the next step, in the resulting water Bubbles carbon dioxide, which reacts with the rest of cations present in the solution (Iron, Trivalent Chrome, Zinc, Calcium) forming carbonates or bicarbonates (sodium).

Se hace pasar el caudal por un filtro de diatomeas para separar los sólidos precipitados.The flow is passed through a filter of diatoms to separate precipitated solids.

El líquido filtrado cumple con los estándares de DBO, DQO y ss requeridos por la legislación española y además ha eliminado todos los metales pesados presentes en la solución.The filtered liquid meets the standards of BOD, COD and SS required by Spanish law and also has removed all heavy metals present in the solution.

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El tricloruro de hierro junte con la materia orgánica y al amonio separados en la nanofiltración, se lleva a un tanque donde se le adiciona el amoniaco recuperado tras el filtro de hierro. Reaccionan los cloruros con el amoniaco y se forma cloruro amónico que se recupera para la primera fase.Iron trichloride together with matter organic and ammonium separated in nanofiltration, it takes a tank where ammonia recovered after the filter is added iron. Chlorides react with ammonia and chloride forms ammonium that is recovered for the first phase.

El hierro precipita como hidróxido férrico que se separa junto con la materia orgánica, quedando en el sobrenadante todo el cloruro amónico inicialmente adicionado, que, lógicamente, vuelve a introducirse en el proceso.Iron precipitates as ferric hydroxide that it separates along with the organic matter, remaining in the supernatant all initially added ammonium chloride, which logically re-enters the process

Posteriormente, por magnetismo se separa el hidróxido férrico de la materia orgánica, que se puede usar como abono.Subsequently, magnetism separates the ferric hydroxide of organic matter, which can be used as fertilizer.

Descripción de la invenciónDescription of the invention

"Sistema de depuración de aguas residuales con eliminación de metales pesados, libre de gérmenes y bacterias, sin emisión de metano ni CO_{2}, recuperando los reactivos empleados en el proceso", que consiste, tal como hemos indicado anteriormente, en, tras filtrado y decantación de las aguas residuales, por el que conseguimos que un porcentaje importante de sólidos quede en suspensión, las aguas residuales pasan a un tanque tipo SRB introduciendo en la disolución Cloruro Amónico (CLNH_{4}) Como consecuencia de la reacción se disocia en ion cloro (CL^{-}) que reacciona con los metales para formar sales y el ion amonio (NH4^{+})."Wastewater treatment system with heavy metal removal, free of germs and bacteria, without emission of methane or CO2, recovering the reagents used in the process, "which consists, as we have indicated previously, in, after filtration and decantation of the waters residuals, whereby we get a significant percentage of solids remain in suspension, sewage passes to a tank type SRB introducing into the solution Ammonium Chloride (CLNH4) As a consequence of the reaction it dissociates into chlorine ion (CL -) which reacts with metals to form salts and the ammonium ion (NH4 +).

Se consigue con ello la precipitación de Cloruro de Plomo presente en las aguas y de parte del calcio. Posteriormente se pasan las aguas por un filtro de limaduras de hierro, en el que se consigue, por oxidación de este, la reducción y por tanto la precipitación de Cadmio, Mercurio, Estaño, Níquel, Cobre, Plata, etc.., así como la reducción del Cromo hexavalente a trivalente. Todos estos metales se agregan al hierro y posteriormente podrán recuperarse como elementos puros.The precipitation of Chloride is achieved Lead present in the waters and part of the calcium. Later the waters are passed through an iron filings filter, in which it is achieved, by oxidation of this, the reduction and therefore the Precipitation of Cadmium, Mercury, Tin, Nickel, Copper, Silver, etc., as well as the reduction of hexavalent chromium to trivalent. All these metals are added to the iron and then they can Recover as pure elements.

El hierro oxidado junto con el cloro en disolución hacen flocular un porcentaje importante de la materia orgánica que quedaba en suspensión, Parte del amonio de la solución se desprende durante el proceso como amoniaco, que se recupera y almacena para su posterior utilización.Rusty iron along with chlorine in dissolution flocculate a significant percentage of matter organic suspension, part of the solution ammonium it follows during the process as ammonia, which is recovered and Store for later use.

Se somete el caudal resultante a un proceso de nanofiltración, en el que separamos el resto de la materia orgánica y el tricloruro de hierro formado así como el amonio que quedaba.The resulting flow is subjected to a process of nanofiltration, in which we separate the rest of the organic matter and the iron trichloride formed as well as the ammonium that It was left.

En el siguiente paso, en el agua resultante se burbujea dióxido de carbono, que reacciona con el resto de cationes presentes en la solución (Hierro, Cromo trivalente, Cinc, Calcio) formando carbonatos o bicarbonatos (sodio).In the next step, in the resulting water Bubbles carbon dioxide, which reacts with the rest of cations present in the solution (Iron, Trivalent Chrome, Zinc, Calcium) forming carbonates or bicarbonates (sodium).

Se hace pasar el caudal por un filtro de diatomeas para separar los sólidos precipitados.The flow is passed through a filter of diatoms to separate precipitated solids.

El líquido filtrado cumple con los estándares de DBO, DQO y siguientes requeridos por la legislación española y además ha eliminado todos los metales pesados presentes en la solución.The filtered liquid meets the standards of BOD, COD and following required by Spanish legislation and It has also eliminated all heavy metals present in the solution.

Con independencia de lo anterior, y paralelamente, el tricloruro de hierro junto con la materia orgánica y al amonio separados en la nanofiltración, se lleva a un tanque donde se le adiciona el amoniaco recuperado tras el filtro de hierro. Reaccionan los cloruros con el amoniaco y se forma cloruro amónico que se recupera para la primera fase.Regardless of the above, and in parallel, iron trichloride together with organic matter and to the ammonium separated in the nanofiltration, it is taken to a tank where ammonia recovered after the filter is added iron. Chlorides react with ammonia and chloride forms ammonium that is recovered for the first phase.

El hierro precipita como hidróxido férrico que se separa junto con la materia orgánica, quedando en el sobrenadante todo el cloruro amónico inicialmente adicionado, que, lógicamente, vuelve a introducirse en el proceso.Iron precipitates as ferric hydroxide that it separates along with the organic matter, remaining in the supernatant all initially added ammonium chloride, which logically re-enters the process

Posteriormente, por magnetismo se separa el hidróxido férrico de la materia orgánica, que se puede usar como abono.Subsequently, magnetism separates the ferric hydroxide of organic matter, which can be used as fertilizer.

Breve enunciado de la figuraBrief statement of the figure

En la Figura nº 1, se representa de forma gráfica el conjunto de elementos que forman parte de este nuevo "Sistema de depuración de aguas residuales con eliminación de metales pesados, libre de gérmenes y bacterias, sin emisión de metano ni CO_{2}, recuperando los reactivos empleados en el proceso", y donde representa (2) como primer paso el tratamiento primario donde quedarán en suspensión un porcentaje importante de residuos sólidos, pasando posteriormente a un Depósito de Reacción SBR (1), en el cual se introduce Cloruro amónico. Con esa disolución, se consigue la precipitación de Plomo, en forma de Cloruro de Plomo y el calcio y se disocia Amoniaco.In Figure 1, it is represented graphic the set of elements that are part of this new "Wastewater treatment system with elimination of heavy metals, free of germs and bacteria, without emission of methane or CO2, recovering the reagents used in the process ", and where the treatment represents (2) as the first step primary where a significant percentage of solid waste, subsequently moving to a Reaction Tank SBR (1), in which Ammonium Chloride is introduced. With that dissolution, lead precipitation is achieved, in the form of Lead chloride and calcium and ammonia dissociates.

Como muestra la figura, el agua resultante lo pasamos por un filtro de limaduras de hierro (3) en el que se consigue, por oxidación de este, la reducción y por tanto la precipitación de Cadmio, Mercurio, Estaño, Níquel, Cobre, Plata, etc.., así como la reducción del Cromo hexavalente a trivalente (7). Todos estos metales se agregan al hierro y posteriormente podrán recuperarse como elementos puros.As the figure shows, the resulting water we go through an iron filtering filter (3) in which achieves, by oxidation of this, the reduction and therefore the Precipitation of Cadmium, Mercury, Tin, Nickel, Copper, Silver, etc., as well as the reduction of hexavalent chromium to trivalent (7). All these metals are added to the iron and then they can Recover as pure elements.

El hierro oxidado junto con el cloro en disolución hacen flocular un porcentaje importante de la materia orgánica que quedaba en Suspensión. Parte del amonio de la solución se desprende durante el proceso como amoniaco (7), que se recupera y almacena para su posterior utilización.Rusty iron along with chlorine in dissolution flocculate a significant percentage of matter organic that remained in suspension. Ammonium part of the solution it emerges during the process as ammonia (7), which is recovered and Store for later use.

A continuación, el caudal resultante se somete a un proceso de nanofiltración (4). En este proceso, se separa el resto de la materia orgánica, y el amonio que quedaba.Then the resulting flow is subjected to a nanofiltration process (4). In this process, the rest of the organic matter, and the remaining ammonium.

En otro tanque (5), en el agua resultante se burbujea dióxido de carbono, que reacciona con el resto de cationes presentes en la solución (Hierro, Cromo trivalente, Cinc, Calcio) y que no se han eliminado en al proceso anterior y se forma carbonatos o bicarbonatos (sodio).In another tank (5), in the resulting water Bubbles carbon dioxide, which reacts with the rest of cations present in the solution (Iron, Trivalent Chrome, Zinc, Calcium) and that have not been removed in the previous process and carbonates are formed or bicarbonates (sodium).

Por ultimo, se pasa el caudal por un filtro de diatomeas (6) para separar los sólidos precipitados, y conseguir así el agua depurada, que cumple, como antes hemos expuesto, con todos estándares requeridos y además se ha eliminado los metales pesados presentes en la solución.Finally, the flow is passed through a filter of diatoms (6) to separate precipitated solids, and thus achieve the purified water, which meets, as we have stated before, with all required standards and in addition heavy metals have been removed present in the solution.

Paralelamente a ese proceso,y como se ve en la figura (7), los elementos separados en la nanofiltración (tricloruro de hierro junto con la materia orgánica y amonio), se llevan a un tanque (7) donde se le adiciona el amoniaco recuperado tras el filtro de hierro. Reaccionan los cloruros con el amoniaco y se forma cloruro amónico que se recupera para la primera fase (1).Parallel to that process, and as seen in the Figure (7), the separated elements in the nanofiltration (trichloride of iron together with organic matter and ammonium), they are carried to a tank (7) where ammonia recovered after the iron filter Chlorides react with ammonia and forms Ammonium chloride that is recovered for the first phase (1).

El hierro precipita como hidróxido férrico que se separa junto con la materia orgánica, quedando en el sobrenadante todo el cloruro amónico inicialmente adicionado, que, lógicamente, vuelve a introducirse en el proceso.Iron precipitates as ferric hydroxide that it separates along with the organic matter, remaining in the supernatant all initially added ammonium chloride, which logically re-enters the process

Posteriormente, por magnetismo se separa el hidróxido férrico de la materia orgánica, que se puede usar como abono.Subsequently, magnetism separates the ferric hydroxide of organic matter, which can be used as fertilizer.

De esta forma, concluye el "Proceso para la depuración de aguas residuales con eliminación de metales pesados, libres de bacterias y de gérmenes, sin emisiones de metano ni CO_{2} a la atmósfera, y recuperando los reactivos empleados en el proceso".In this way, the "Process for the wastewater treatment with heavy metal removal, free of bacteria and germs, without methane emissions or CO2 to the atmosphere, and recovering the reagents used in the process".

Descripción de la forma de realización de la invenciónDescription of the embodiment of the invention

A continuación se realiza una breve descripción de la invención para la aplicación del "Sistema de depuración de aguas residuales con eliminación de metales pesados, libres de bacterias y gérmenes, sin emisión de metano ni CO_{2} a la atmósfera, y recuperando los reactivos empleados en el proceso", donde podemos observar a través del esquema de la figura 1 descrita, que una vez pasadas las aguas residuales por una filtración gruesa (2), pasan a un depósito de Reacción SBR (1), donde se introduce Cloruro Amónico (CLNH_{4}), que disuelto reacciona con los metales pesados, precipitando Cloruro de Plomo y Calcio y desprendiendo Amoniaco (NH_{3}) en forma de gas.A brief description follows. of the invention for the application of the "Debugging System of wastewater with heavy metal removal, free of bacteria and germs, without emission of methane or CO2 to the atmosphere, and recovering the reagents used in the process ", where we can observe through the scheme of figure 1 described, that once the wastewater has passed through a coarse filtration (2), go to an SBR Reaction tank (1), where it is introduced Ammonium Chloride (CLNH4), which dissolved reacts with metals heavy, precipitating lead chloride and calcium and releasing Ammonia (NH3) in the form of gas.

A continuación, el caudal resultante lo hacemos pasar por un filtro DE limaduras de hierro (3), donde, al reaccionar con el cloruro amónico que quede en el agua, se formará cloruro férrico, desprendiendo asimismo amoniaco.Then the resulting flow we do go through an iron filings filter (3), where, when reacting With the ammonium chloride left in the water, chloride will form iron, also giving off ammonia.

El cloruro férrico tiene la propiedad floculante de agrupar las partículas de materia orgánica en suspensión, por lo que al aumentar su tamaño precipitaran en el deposito.Ferric chloride has the flocculant property of grouping the particles of suspended organic matter, so that when increasing in size they will precipitate in the tank.

A continuación, por nanofiltración (4), separaremos el agua depurada del cloruro férrico, que quedará concentrado hasta la saturación.Then, by nanofiltration (4), we will separate the purified water from the ferric chloride, which will remain concentrated to saturation.

El agua resultante de este último proceso, se burbujea (5) con dióxido de carbono, que reacciona con el resto de cationes presentes en la solución, y una vez burbujeado, se pasa el agua por un filtro de Diatomeas (6) para separar los sólidos precipitados, con lo que conseguimos agua depurada que cumple con los estándares DBO y DQO y ss requeridos por la legislación.The water resulting from this last process is bubble (5) with carbon dioxide, which reacts with the rest of cations present in the solution, and once bubbled, the water through a Diatom filter (6) to separate solids precipitates, so we get purified water that meets BOD and COD standards and ss required by legislation.

Paralelamente al proceso de depuración y a los efectos de recuperar los reactivas empleados, el amoniaco producido en el Depósito Reacción SBR (1), se recogerá en la parte superior del reactor para ser utilizado junto con el cloruro férrico, desprendido después de la nanofiltración (4), junto con la materia orgánica y el amonio, reaccionando los cloruros con el amoniaco, y se formará Cloruro Amónico (CLNH_{4}) que se recupera para la primera fase (1).Parallel to the debugging process and the effects of recovering the reagents used, the ammonia produced in the SBR Reaction Tank (1), it will be collected at the top of the reactor to be used together with ferric chloride, detached after nanofiltration (4), together with matter organic and ammonium, reacting chlorides with ammonia, and Ammonium Chloride (CLNH4) will be formed and recovered for first phase (1).

Y ya para utilizar todos los elementos, se separa el hidróxido férrico, producido en el proceso de nanofiltración (4), de la materia orgánica depositada también en este proceso, y el resultado puede ser usado como abono.And now to use all the elements, it separates ferric hydroxide, produced in the process of nanofiltration (4), of the organic matter also deposited in this process, and the result can be used as fertilizer.

Claims (1)

1. Procedimiento de depuración de aguas residuales con eliminación de metales pesados, libre de bacterias y gérmenes, sin emisión de metano ni CO_{2} a la atmósfera y recuperando los reactivos empleados en el proceso, que se caracteriza por la eliminación de bacterias y gérmenes causantes de la producción de metano y CO_{2}, de las aguas residuales introduciendo cloruro amónico en estas y la eliminación de metales pesados, haciendo pasar la disolución resultante por un filtro de limaduras de hierro, formándose así cloruro férrico y amoniaco en forma de gas. Introduciendo de nuevo el amoniaco en la disolución de cloruro férrico, se forma cloruro amónico de nuevo e hidróxido férrico que precipita.1. Wastewater purification procedure with removal of heavy metals, free of bacteria and germs, without emission of methane or CO2 into the atmosphere and recovering the reagents used in the process, which is characterized by the elimination of bacteria and germs causing the production of methane and CO2 from wastewater by introducing ammonium chloride into them and the removal of heavy metals, passing the resulting solution through an iron filtering filter, thus forming ferric chloride and ammonia in the form Of gas. By introducing the ammonia back into the solution of ferric chloride, new ammonium chloride is formed and ferric hydroxide precipitates.
ES200802892A 2008-10-08 2008-10-08 WASTE WATER CLEANING SYSTEM WITH ELIMINATION OF HEAVY METALS, FREE OF BACTERIA AND GERMAN, WITHOUT METHANE OR CO2 EMISSION TO THE ATMOSPHERE, RECOVERING THE REAGENTS USED IN THE PROCESS. Expired - Fee Related ES2336298B1 (en)

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ES2376021A1 (en) * 2010-05-12 2012-03-08 Fundación Investigación E Innovación Para El Desarrollo Social Depuration and regeneration of wastewater by eliminating heavy metals and metals, without methane emissions. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

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US4565633A (en) * 1984-05-08 1986-01-21 Harza Engineering Company Removal of dissolved heavy metals from aqueous waste effluents
US4888053A (en) * 1988-07-07 1989-12-19 Union Oil Co. Of California Chloride leaching of iron-based, heavy metal-containing sludges
WO2001098217A1 (en) * 2000-06-21 2001-12-27 Manouk Der Stepanian Physico-chemical method for eliminating toxic and/or precious heavy metals contained in urban, industrial sludge and liquid animal manure
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JPS55102490A (en) * 1979-01-27 1980-08-05 Showa Koji Kk Treatment of water containing borofluoric acid and borofluoride of heavy metal
US4565633A (en) * 1984-05-08 1986-01-21 Harza Engineering Company Removal of dissolved heavy metals from aqueous waste effluents
US4888053A (en) * 1988-07-07 1989-12-19 Union Oil Co. Of California Chloride leaching of iron-based, heavy metal-containing sludges
US6942807B1 (en) * 1999-08-06 2005-09-13 Trustees Of Stevens Institute Of Technology Iron powder and sand filtration process for treatment of water contaminated with heavy metals and organic compounds
WO2001098217A1 (en) * 2000-06-21 2001-12-27 Manouk Der Stepanian Physico-chemical method for eliminating toxic and/or precious heavy metals contained in urban, industrial sludge and liquid animal manure

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2376021A1 (en) * 2010-05-12 2012-03-08 Fundación Investigación E Innovación Para El Desarrollo Social Depuration and regeneration of wastewater by eliminating heavy metals and metals, without methane emissions. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

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