ES2310442A1 - Insulation of bricks and building blocks obtained through cuts. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

Abstract

Insulation in bricks and building blocks obtained by cutting. Insulation in bricks and building blocks characterized by obtained by cuts (5), (6), made in the ribs (4) of its structure, once the piece has hardened by drying, cooking or setting, in order to reduce the thermal flow and acoustic (1) between its interior (2) and exterior (3) faces. Fig. 1: original. Fig. 2: rectified with the proposed cuts. Object of the invention: Improve the insulating capacity of blocks or bricks, perforated, lightened, hollow or solid, eliminating or reducing the section of the structural nerves (4) in the former or cutting the material in the clumps, to hinder the transmission of heat and sound that occurs for the continuity of the material. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

Insulation in bricks and blocks construction obtained by cuts.

Technical sector

Manufacture of bricks and ceramic blocks or concrete in any of its variants for the construction of walls and partitions.

State of the art

For several decades, the industry of European building block and brick production (Porotherm, Monomur, Biobric, Ytong) and Spanish (Termoarcilla, Arliblock, Bioblock, etc.) are looking for and proposing a series of parts that cover the enclosure functions of walls and partitions and thermal and acoustic insulation. The advantages derived from it are evident because they are achieved three functions in a single process of placement in the work, with the time and money savings that entails.

Normally the insulating effects are obtained through a piece design with so many air chambers parallel to the inner and outer faces of the block and wall as allow the extrusion of the ceramic pieces, or the mold in the case of concrete.

Also based on lightening the material in possible.

While the cameras increase the capacity insulating, the rib perpendicular to the faces mentioned the decrease, since it acts as a thermal and acoustic bridge, even when the manufacturing material is lightened.

It has been tried with various block designs hollow or lightened (patented or not), lengthen as much as possible these bridges, arranging in nerves or diagonal to the faces the nerves perpendicular. A special problem present those that make up the faces perpendicular to the sense of the wall and that constitute the outer limit or perimeter of each block because they are those of larger section and mark the shortest distance for the passage of thermal flow through the material between the inner faces and exterior of the wall.

Attempts to suppress the latter have always failed by crushing in the manufacturing process, because during the same, the material is worked in soft, whether it is mud at the exit of the extrusion mold in the bricks or ceramic blocks, as if it is liquid concrete in the concrete block molds lightened or not.

During this part of the process, the piece does not resists its manipulation, cuts, transfer, etc. if you don't have the mentioned perpendicular nerves, usually even of greater section than others to solve the described difficulty of flattening.

Once the setting, drying or cooking of the piece has occurred, the structural rib parallel to the inner and outer faces gives it sufficient rigidity, since this characteristic increases exponentially during the final part of the manufacturing process. Therefore, the nerves perpendicular to the inner and outer faces could be partially or totally eliminated in several of the existing models, or design new pieces, currently impossible to manufacture, intended to receive cuts in them afterwards and thus lengthen the bridges thermal, significantly improving its insulating capacity.

Explanation of the invention.

To better understand the explanation of the invention, we will call the inner and outer face of the block at two faces that correspond to the inner and outer faces of the walls that can be built with these pieces, and that remain unalterable always in the processes that we describe continuation. The invention is that the structural nerves of the brick or block not parallel to those inner faces and outside, they receive a few cuts after getting their definitive characteristics of rigidity in the manufacturing process, before commissioning.

The cuts can be made in and from the other four of the six faces that has the perimeter of the block: upper and lower, and the two perpendicular that will remain inside From the wall. Once built, the cuts cannot be seen, because All remain inside. What defines this invention is that the cuts are made in the blocks in the same direction of construction of the wall, that remain inside and always cutting or decreasing nerves not parallel to the faces interior and exterior, with the intention of improving its insulating capacity. In some cases they will completely cut the structural nerves vertical In the central part, the cut will be made from above or from below and will pretend only to decrease the section of the nerve, or the block or brick section, do not cut it completely. In both cases, it is about removing or lowering the thermal bridges and acoustic The number, the situation and the depth of the cuts will vary depending on the form and function or final requests of the brick or block in the work and its type, hollow, lightened, perforated or solid.

To optimize the maximum number of cuts that it will support a piece, maintaining the rigidity and minimum performance that requires the current building regulations in each moment and area  geographical, laboratory tests that must be completed each of the manufacturers have for their products, adjusting to the specifications of each work and each wall, especially if They must be load bearing or carrying. In those that are not cargo, the stiffness performance required of each piece is lower so that you can practice more cuts than in the first.

Description of the drawings

Perspective drawings are accompanied corresponding to three different types of blocks, chosen to as an example, given the infinite variety of shapes, models and block and brick geometries to which it can be applied this invention.

Figure 1 represents a ceramic block lightened multi-camera as it leaves the factory.

Figure 2 represents the previous block after submitting it to the cuts object of this patent.

Figure 3 represents a concrete block lightened perforated as it comes out of its mold.

Figure 4 represents the block of fig. 3 Once set with the proposed cuts.

Figures 5 and 6 represent a portion of wall in execution with another type of lightened ceramic block, for The best understanding of the proposed invention. Figure 5 with the block as it comes out of the factory today and the 6 with the cuts that we propose with this invention.

Statement of a preferred embodiment of the invention

Sheet 7 shows the two figures that better express the effect caused in insulating capacity thermal-acoustic building blocks by the proposed cuts:

Figure 1 shows a lightened ceramic block as it leaves the factory today with all its nerves full structural. The block has two faces to which we call interior (2) and exterior (3) and that correspond to its time with the inner and outer faces of the wall that you can build with him. All nerves not parallel (4) to those faces they are essential for the handling of the soft block, before its cooking. Once cooked the new resistance of the material is multiply exponentially so many of them can be suppress or reduce substantially. The bottom arrow (1) represents the thermal and acoustic flow that crosses the wall Built with this block.

Figure 2 corresponds to the same block once practiced the cuts in the nerves not parallel to the faces 2 and 3: partial (5) those that run on the upper faces and lower. In these nerves we only decrease its section leaving that which is necessary for the block not to break once placed and subjected to the planned loads for the wall. TO through these nerves of rectified section the (1) thermal-acoustic flow but in smaller volume That when they were whole. As for the two vertical faces perpendicular to (2) and (3), we can give several complete cuts of top down (6) to totally interrupt the flow that passed to through it, so it turns inwards looking for other steps called thermal bridges. The oldest flow path (1) through the material constituting the block makes its transmission worse and, as a consequence, that improve its insulating characteristic, object and purpose of this invention. The bottom arrow (1) represents the flow thermal-acoustic: with greater length, changes of address and with lower final volume, as a result of cuts.

The cuts or grinding of the blocks are can be performed on site or, preferably, in the factory by medium of calibrated cutting tables prior to loading and shipping.

Figure 3 represents a concrete block lightened as it comes out of its soft mold. Along a period of several days forge hardening enough to be transported and placed on site. We will cut or decrease the part of its structure or rib (4) that serves as a bridge to the flow (1) between faces 2 and 3, as we have explained in the example previous.

In figure 4 we represent that intervention, which is done when the block has already completely set. From new partial cuts (5) are made on the upper faces and inferior of the block and the complete ones (6) in the perpendicular to the interior (2) and exterior (3).

Figures 5 and 6 represent a wall in execution with another ceramic block model so that it is understood better as is a wall to which this invention has been applied. In the Figure 5 marks the outer faces (2 and 3). The nerves, no parallel to them, that we want to reduce or eliminate (4), as well as the Current thermal flux represented by the arrow (1).

In figure 6 we represent the cuts again. The partials (5) and the totals (6). Arrow (1) represents approximately the new thermal flux-
acoustic.

Claims (4)

1. Insulation in bricks and building blocks characterized by being obtained by making cuts on the rib or structural mass not parallel to the inner and outer faces of the block, understanding as such those that correspond to the inner and outer faces of the wall with they built, practiced by any industrial or manual means, after hardening the material and before putting it into work, eliminating, lengthening or decreasing the section of the thermal or acoustic bridges, whatever the particular design of the block or brick. 2. Insulation in bricks and building blocks according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the cuts completely eliminate any of the ribs or structural planes not parallel to their inner and outer faces. 3. Insulation in bricks and building blocks according to claim 1, characterized in that the cuts reduce the section of the non-parallel ribs of the block, without eliminating them completely, to maintain part of their bearing characteristics. 4. Insulation in bricks and building blocks, according to the preceding claims, characterized by being applied in any brick or block manufactured in any material that can be used in construction, be it its hollow, lightened, perforated or solid structure.