EP4774482A1 - Axial, liquid-cooled brake - Google Patents

Axial, liquid-cooled brake

Info

Publication number
EP4774482A1
EP4774482A1 EP24862147.6A EP24862147A EP4774482A1 EP 4774482 A1 EP4774482 A1 EP 4774482A1 EP 24862147 A EP24862147 A EP 24862147A EP 4774482 A1 EP4774482 A1 EP 4774482A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
brake
disc
shaft seal
liquid
housing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP24862147.6A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Josef BERNARD
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP4774482A1 publication Critical patent/EP4774482A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00—Parts or details
    • F16D65/78—Features relating to cooling
    • F16D65/84—Features relating to cooling for disc brakes
    • F16D65/853—Features relating to cooling for disc brakes with closed cooling system
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T5/00—Vehicle modifications to facilitate cooling of brakes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T13/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/74—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with electrical assistance or drive
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D55/00—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
    • F16D55/24—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with a plurality of axially-movable discs, lamellae, or pads, pressed from one side towards an axially-located member
    • F16D55/26—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with a plurality of axially-movable discs, lamellae, or pads, pressed from one side towards an axially-located member without self-tightening action
    • F16D55/36—Brakes with a plurality of rotating discs all lying side by side
    • F16D55/40—Brakes with a plurality of rotating discs all lying side by side actuated by a fluid-pressure device arranged in or one the brake
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00—Parts or details
    • F16D65/14—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position
    • F16D65/16—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake
    • F16D65/18—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake adapted for drawing members together, e.g. for disc brakes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00—Parts or details
    • F16D65/14—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position
    • F16D65/16—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake
    • F16D65/18—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake adapted for drawing members together, e.g. for disc brakes
    • F16D65/186—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake adapted for drawing members together, e.g. for disc brakes with full-face force-applying member, e.g. annular
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00—Parts or details
    • F16D65/78—Features relating to cooling
    • F16D2065/783—Features relating to cooling cooling control or adjustment

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

The solution according to the present invention consists in the fact that the brake disc, together with the brake lining, is placed in the inner space of the housing, which is sealed by a shaft seal and through which the cooling liquid with overpressure flows. It removes fine particles that are released during braking. The particles are carried away by the coolant into the closed overpressure cooling circuit, where they are captured by a filter. Downforce is created by the pressure of the brake fluid on the pressure disc, to which the brake lining in the form of an annulus is attached. The brake lining is pressed onto the brake disc in a straight line.

Description

Axial, liquid-cooled brake
Field of technology
The invention relates primarily to the design of a brake for means of transport
Current state of the art
The most common brakes on vehicles, especially in cars, are disc brakes and the less commonly- used drum brakes. Disc brakes have significantly higher braking torque than drum brakes.
Currently, there is more and more pressure on the ecological operation of cars, and brakes produce more emissions than current internal combustion engines. This is mainly due to the fact that during braking, friction occurs between the brake disc and the pads or the brake drum and lining. At the same time, the above-mentioned components wear out and a large amount of small particles and microparticles are released into the air. They are also created due to the friction of high temperature, and this creates a lot of unwanted gases that escape into the atmosphere. Therefore, the efforts of the manufacturers are to limit these negative phenomena. Two concepts are being considered. One is the capture of microparticles using traps with filtration, and the second option is the suction of microparticles. Both methods have little efficiency and the construction of such accessories is very complex, as they must be as close as possible to the brake, and thus in a highly exposed location. The currently prepared EURO 7 standard will probably require, among other things, the capture of emission particles from the brake lining of vehicles.
The essence of the invention
A technical solution that would solve the aforementioned shortcomings meant finding a structural arrangement that would have better technical parameters than the current drum and disc brakes. The new type of brake had to be designed to be ecological, safe, lighter, have a higher braking torque, little heating during repeated braking, the smallest possible peripheral speed of the brake disc, front and rear brake linings that can work in liquid and have the highest possible coefficient of friction, so that it is as small as possible in terms of construction and it can be mounted in wheels like current types of brakes, but also in transmission and distribution boxes, so that axial and radial forces do not stress the brake bearings and other parts of the car, and also so that it is possible to create different variants of the same solution structural arrangement.
The solution according to the present invention consists in the feet that the brake disc, together with the front and rear brake linings, is located in the inner space of the housing, which is sealed by a shaft seal and through which the cooling liquid with overpressure flows. It removes fine particles that are released during braking. The particles are carried away by the coolant into a closed overpressure cooling circuit, where they are captured by a filter. Downforce is created by the pressure of the brake fluid on the pressure disc, to which the front, rear, ring-shaped brake lining is attached. The front, rear brake lining is pressed in a linear motion against the brake disc, which has internal splines and is slidably mounted on the rotary shaft and rotates with it. When the brake disc is pressed against another front, rear brake lining that is fixed on the housing lid, the braking torque is derived. This structural arrangement forms the basis for other types of brakes . A simplified possible design arrangement is a single-sided liquid-cooled axle brake, which has a brake disc rigidly connected to a rotating shaft and has only one front or rear brake lining. This solution has a greater braking torque than a disc brake of the same dimensions, but the disadvantage is that the axial force during braking is absorbed by the bearings. For the multi-sided axial, liquid-cooled brake, there are additional brake linings in the housing, always an even number. The front and rear brake linings are attached on both sides to the disc, which has a carrier around the circumference and does not allow the disc to rotate. Each front, rear brake lining assembly comes with one brake disc. A part of the pressure force acts on each brake lining, which must not exceed the permissible specific pressure on the individual brake linings.
For example, a four-way, liquid-cooled axle brake has four brake linings and two brake discs. Its braking torque is several times greater than that of a disc brake of the same dimensions. For practical use of the multi-sided axial, liquid-cooled brake, a maximum of six-sided variant is sufficient The optimal variant is a double-sided axle brake, liquid-cooled. The great advantage of the liquid-cooled multi-axis brake is that the pressure force does not act on the bearings, which only transmit the rotary motion of the output rotary shaft. Another advantage is that to increase the braking torque, it is enough to increase the length of the housing, but the diameter of the brake lining and brake discs does not change.
The double-sided, liquid-cooled axle brake is connected to the electric parking brake by an electric motor holder. An electric motor, the torque of which is converted by means of a gear wheel into a force in a straight line, and this forms a pressure force that creates a braking torque when stopping or parking.
A multi-sided, liquid-cooled axle brake can be placed inside the wheel disc, as is the case with a disc brake. Another possibility is to place it next to or in the distribution box using a gear and a shaft coupling. The multi-sided, liquid-cooled axle brake is a separate compact unit and allows for multiple mounting options.
Clarification of images on the drawing
The technical solution according to this invention will be explained in more detail with the help of pictures, where in Fig. 1, la is a section of a double-sided axial, liquid-cooled brake, in Fig. 2 is an axonometric representation of the exploded state of a double-sided axial, liquid-cooled brake, in Fig. 3, 3a, is a section of a double-sided axial, liquid-cooled brake, in which the shaft seals for sealing the overpressure of the cooling liquid and the openings for the supply and discharge of the cooling liquid and the internal space for the cooling liquid are drawn, in Fig. 4, 4a, is cut by a four-sided, liquid-cooled axle brake.
Examples of implementation of the invention
Example 1- double-sided axial liquid-cooled brake
The pressure disc 4, one brake disc 5_and front brake lining 16 . rear brake lining 17 are stored in the cabinet 2. The front part of the housing 2_is connected to the bearing cover 1 and creates a closed overpressure internal space 50 for cooling the brake disc 5_and the front brake lining 16 and the rear brake lining 17. The bearing cover 1 is a part in which the bearings 14 with the lock nut 8_and rotary shaft 3_with lock nut 9_. The rear brake lining 17 is attached to the cover 1_. The closed overpressure internal space 50 of the front part of the cabinet 2 is a space for the cooling liquid, which has an overpressure and is supplied through the opening for the cooling liquid supply 45 and led through the opening for draining the cooling liquid 46. The closed overpressure internal space 50 of the front part of the cabinet 2_has holes for the pins of the linear line 15 . In the central part of the cabinet 2, the pressure disk 4 is slidably mounted . In the middle part 49 of the housing 2. there is an opening for venting the brake fluid 48 and an opening for filling the brake fluid 47 . which is supplied from the main brake circuit of the vehicle. The motor holder 6 and the electric parking brake 18 are attached to the back of the cabinet 2_-
The rotating shaft 3_has on one side a groove for the brake disc 5_and on the other side a face for connection to the braked part.
The pressure disc 4,is moved by the pressure of the brake fluid or by the force developed by the motor of the electric parking brake 18 . On the front part of the pressure disc 4 the pins of the linear guide 15 are pressed and the front brake lining 16 is attached . The central part of the pressure disc 4_is fitted in such a way that it has a larger and smaller diameter forming a face on which the pressure of the brake fluid acts.
Land the locking ring 13 are placed on the rear part of the pressure disc 4 as a support for the springs 12 .
The brake disc 5 is moved by the pressure disc 4. on which the front brake lining 16 is located. When the brake disc 5_is pressed against the rear brake lining 17 . the phase is complete. The phase is defined as the onset of the braking torque.
The motor holder 6_of the electric parking brake 18 captures the opposite direction of the pressure force during braking.
The body 7 moves along the inner diameter of the shaft of the pressure disc 4 , and the rotational movement of the body 7_is fixed. On the outer circumference of the body 7_- there is a thread on which the gear wheel 10 is screwed , which converts the torque of the motor of the electric parking brake 18 into a force acting in a straight line and creates the pressing force of the pressure disc 4_. The electric parking brake motor 18 also provides a self-stop function , that is, every time the electric parking brake motor 18 is activated , the electric parking brake motor 18 is_set for a certain time interval in which it will release the brake. This ensures the same gap between the pressure disc 4 and the brake lining 16 . 17 throughout the life of the brake and ensuring the same brake pedal step.
The locking nut 8_of the inner ring of the bearing 14 fixes the rotary shaft 3_against axial displacement in the bearings 14 . The locking nut 9 of the outer ring of the bearing 14 fixes the bearings against axial displacement in the bearing cover 1_- The gear wheel 10 is mounted with a slight axial clearance between the housing 2_and the motor holder 6_.
The springs 12 are hidden in the openings of the body 7_and ensure the return of the pressure disc 4 when the brake is released.
The rotary shaft 3 is housed in radial ball bearings 14 and transmits the braking torque to the braked component.
The linear guide is formed by pins 15 that move in the openings of the front part of the cabinet 2_.
The electric parking brake 18 is attached to the insert 19 with screws 23 . A shaft 20 is housed in the insert 19 . which connects the electric parking brake 18 to the pinion 11 by means of a pin 27 . The sliding bearing 21 captures the radial forces of the pinion 11 . The motor holder 6 is attached to the housing 2_by means of bolts 22 and screws 24 . The axial clearance between the housing 2_and the motor holder 6_is defined by washers 25 . The rotation of the body 7 on the pressure disc 4 is prevented by the spring 26. Guides 28 are pressed into the bearing cover l_for seating the rear brake lining 17 . The bearing cover 1 is attached to the housing 2 with screws 29 . The rotary shaft 3_is sealed in the cover 1 by shaft seals 30 . 31 . 32 . The locking nut of the inner ring of the bearing 8_is secured by a screw 33 . The locking nut of the outer ring of the bearing 9_is secured by a screw 33 . The shaft seal 34 seals the inner space of the housing 50 with the bearing cover 1_. The shaft seal 40 seals the closed pressurized internal space of the housing 50 and the larger diameter of the pressure disc 4_. The shaft seal 35 seals the smaller diameter of the pressure disc 4_with the housing 2_. The shaft seal 37 seals the housing 2 and the motor holder 6_. The shaft seal 36 seals the pressure disc 4 and the half axis. The shaft seal 38 seals the motor holder 6 and the half axis. The shaft seal 39 seals the insert 19 with the motor holder 6. The shaft seal 41 seals the insert 19 with the electric parking brake motor 18_.
Example 2 The single-sided, liquid-cooled axial brake differs from example No. 1 in that the rotating shaft 3_is connected to the brake disc 5_in one unit This technical solution has only one front brake lining 16 . which is connected to the pressure disc 4 and is moved as in example No. 1. Part of the pressure force is captured in the bearings.
Example 3
The four-way liquid-cooled axle brake differs from Example No. 1 in that it has four brake linings, front brake linings 16. 53 and rear brake linings 17. and 54 . two brake discs 5. 51 and one disc 52 . which has a follower around the circumference. A front brake lining 53 and a rear brake lining 54 are attached to the disc 52 on both sides . Disc 52 does not rotate and only moves in a straight line. The pressure disc 4_is the same as in example No. 1. The overall arrangement is shown in section C - C in Figure 5. Part of the pressure force is captured on the bearing cap 1
Industrial applicability
This technical solution can be used primarily for means of transport and for the automotive industry;

Claims

1. An axial, liquid-cooled brake characterized by the fact that the housing (2) is connected to the bearing cover (1) and in the resulting inner space (50) the cooled components, the pressure disc (4), at least one brake disc (5), at least one front brake lining (16) are stored while the bearing cover (1 ) is a part in which the bearings (14) and the rotating shaft (3) are housed, sealed on both sides with a shaft seal, when the bearing cover (1 ) is fitted from the inside with the rear brake lining (17), while into the closed overpressure internal space (50) of the housing (2) the overpressure circuit of the cooling liquid through the opening for the supply of the cooling liquid (45) and the discharge of the cooling liquid through the opening for draining the coo ling liquid (46) is brought, in the closed overpressure internal space (50) in the front part of the housing (2) there are guide holes for the pins of the linear guide (15), in the middle part (49) of the housing (2) there is a brake fluid circuit with filling hole (47) and vent hole (48), on the rear part of the housing (2) the motor holder (6) of the electric parking brake (18) is attached, on the front part of the pressure disc (4) there is the front brake lining (16), when on the front side of the pressure disc (4) there are pins of the linear guide (15), when the middle part of the pressure disc (4) is fitted with a larger and smaller diameter to form the face of the hydraulic cylinder, and on the back part of the pressure disc (4) a sliding body is placed ( 7) together with the gear wheel (10), the pinion (11) and the retaining ring (13), which acts as a support for the return springs (12), while at least one brake disc (5) is slidably mounted on the grooves of the rotating shaft (3) on one side, and on the other side of the rotating shaft (3) there is a face for connection to the braked component.
2. Axial, liquid-cooled brake, according to claim 1, characterized in that the body (7) is slidably mounted on the shaft of the pressure disc (4) and is secured against rotation, a gear wheel (10) is screwed onto the body (7).
3. Axial, liquid-cooled brake, according to all of the preceding claims, characterized in that the gear wheel (10) for driving the body (7) is placed with clearance between the housing (2) and the electric motor holder (6) of the electric parking brake (18).
4. Axial, liquid-cooled brake, according to all the preceding claims, characterized in that the rotary shaft (3) for the brake disc (5) is sealed on both sides by a shaft seal, with a spline on one side of the rotary shaft (3) and a face on the other side for connection to the braked part, when the brake disc (5) and the front brake lining (16) and/or the rear brake lining (17) are in the closed overpressure space (50) of the housing (2) for cooling with the supplied cooling liquid through the hole (45) with overpressure.
5. Axial, liquid-cooled brake, according to all of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pressure disc (4) is mounted in the central part of the housing (2) slidingly against the bearing cover (1).
6. Axial, liquid-cooled brake, according to all the preceding claims, characterized in that the rotary shaft (3) is connected to the brake disc (5) in one unit, while it has one front brake lining (16) after the arm, which is connected to the pressure disc (4), to capture part of the pressure force in the bearings (14). Legend
1. Bearing cover
2. Cabinet
3. Rotary shaft
4. Pressure plate
5. Brake disc
6. Engine mount
7. Body
8. Bearing inner ring lock nut
9. Locking nut of the outer ring of the bearing
10. Gear wheel
11. Pinion
12. Springs
13. Retaining ring
14. Bearings
15. Linear guide pins
16. Front brake lining
17. Rear brake lining
18. Electric parking brake motor
19. Insert
20. Shaft
21. Sliding bearing
22. Bolt
23. Screw
24. Screw
25. Washer
26. Pen
27. Pin
28. Guide
29. Screw
30. Shaft seal
31. Shaft seal
32. Shaft seal
33. Locking screw
34. Shaft seal
35. Shaft seal
36. Shaft seal
37. Shaft seal
38. Shaft seal
39. Shaft seal
40. Shaft seal
41. Shaft seal
45. Opening for coolant supply
46. Coolant drain opening
47. Opening for brake fluid supply
48. Brake fluid vent opening
49. Middle part of the cabinet
50. Closed pressure chamber of the cabinet
51. Brake disc
52. Disc
53. From brake lining
54. Rear brake lining
EP24862147.6A 2023-09-04 2024-09-02 Axial, liquid-cooled brake Pending EP4774482A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CZ2023-340A CZ310195B6 (en) 2023-09-04 2023-09-04 An axial, liquid-cooled brake
PCT/CZ2024/000022 WO2025051310A1 (en) 2023-09-04 2024-09-02 Axial, liquid-cooled brake

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4774482A1 true EP4774482A1 (en) 2026-07-15

Family

ID=93289713

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP24862147.6A Pending EP4774482A1 (en) 2023-09-04 2024-09-02 Axial, liquid-cooled brake

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP4774482A1 (en)
CN (1) CN121773275A (en)
CZ (2) CZ310195B6 (en)
WO (1) WO2025051310A1 (en)

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2518016A (en) * 1946-07-16 1950-08-08 Cardwell Mfg Company Inc Cooled disk-type brake
US3048241A (en) * 1958-11-10 1962-08-07 Gen Motors Corp Disc brake actuating and adjusting mechanism
DE4401372C2 (en) * 1994-01-19 1997-10-02 Ortlinghaus Werke Gmbh Multi-disc brake for continuous braking of a rotating shaft compared to a stationary machine part
JP7153579B2 (en) * 2019-01-29 2022-10-14 日立Astemo株式会社 brake device
ES2792148B2 (en) * 2020-02-07 2021-10-18 Brl Brake Solutions S L IMPROVED BRAKING DEVICE

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CZ2025353A3 (en) 2025-09-17
CZ2023340A3 (en) 2024-11-06
WO2025051310A1 (en) 2025-03-13
CZ310195B6 (en) 2024-11-06
CN121773275A (en) 2026-03-31

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