EP4734945A1

EP4734945A1 - Wash composition with anionic sulfate and sultaine not reliant on palm kernel oil

Info

Publication number: EP4734945A1
Application number: EP24732327.2A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Tirucherai Varahan Vasudevan; Mingjun YUAN
Original assignee: Unilever Global IP Ltd; Unilever IP Holdings BV
Current assignee: Unilever Global IP Ltd; Unilever IP Holdings BV
Priority date: 2023-06-30
Filing date: 2024-06-17
Publication date: 2026-05-06
Also published as: WO2025002874A1; CN121666228A; MX2025015323A

Abstract

The present invention is directed to a wash composition having a surfactant system comprising a sulfated-based surfactant and a zwitterionic surfactant not derived from palm kernel oil. The wash composition is stable and lathers well upon use.

Description

WASH COMPOSITION WITH ANIONIC SULFATE AND SULTAINE NOT RELIANT ON PALM KERNEL OIL

Field of the Invention

The present invention is directed to an isotropic wash composition having a reduced amount or no palm kernel oil derived zwitterionic surfactant. More particularly, the wash composition comprises anionic surfactant where at least 42.5% by weight of the total weight of anionic surfactant used is sulfate-based, and zwitterionic surfactant where at least 27.5% by weight of the total weight of zwitterionic surfactant used is a Ci₆-C₂o sultaine. The wash composition of the present invention is surprisingly stable and suitable to be formulated substantially free of paraben, hydantoin, isothiazolinone and/or silicone oil. The composition also, and unexpectedly, provides excellent lather and sensory characteristics, even when at least 27.5% of the total amount of zwitterionic surfactant does not comprise C10-C14 hydrophobic chain and the composition is formulated with less than 8% by weight of a sulfated anionic surfactant.

Background of the Invention

Wash compositions are typically employed to cleanse skin and to reduce shine associated with sebum produced in specialized epithelial cells known as sebocytes. They are also used to minimize bacteria on the hands and face such that washing is viewed as the most effective way to prevent the spread of germs and bacteria. In fact, experts believe that periodic washing throughout the day can reduce the number of consumers catching colds by about 50%. In addition to skin, wash compositions are conventionally used on the scalp and hair and are also used to clean objects within the home, like counters, windows, and fabrics.

Consumers prefer compositions that are stable, characteristically lather, especially on the skin and hair, and they also demand compositions that are more favorable to the environment. Particularly, use of less hydrocarbon derived from palm kernel oil is desired since ingredients made with C10-C14 hydrophobic portions (especially C12 hydrophobic portions) can lead to an increase in deforestation.

It is of increasing interest to develop wash compositions that are enjoyed by consumers and better for the planet. The present invention, therefore, is directed to a wash composition having a reduced amount or no palm kernel oil derived zwitterionic surfactant. More particularly, the wash composition comprises anionic surfactant where at least 42.5% by weight of the total anionic surfactant used is sulfate-based, and zwitterionic surfactant where at least 27.5% by weight of the total weight of zwitterionic surfactant used is a C16-C20 sultaine. The wash composition of the present invention is surprisingly stable and suitable to be formulated substantially free of paraben, hydantoin, isothiazolinone and/or silicone oil. The composition also, and unexpectedly, provides excellent lather and sensory characteristics, even when the total anionic surfactant is at least 42.5% by weight sulfate-based, and the total amount of zwitterionic surfactant is at least 27% by weight of a C16-C20 sultaine and the composition is formulated with less than 8% by weight of a sulfated anionic surfactant.

Additional Information

Efforts have been disclosed for making wash compositions. In U.S. Patent No. 11 ,382,847 B2, high polyol comprising wash compositions that are air pocket free are described.

Other efforts have been disclosed for making wash compositions. In European Patent No. EP 4093367 B1 , wash compositions with isethionates, taurates and amphoteric and/or zwitterionic surfactants are described.

Still other efforts have been disclosed for making wash compositions. In European Patent No. EP 3971275 B1 , a liquid hand dishwashing cleaning composition having a surfactant system with alkyl sulfate anionic surfactant, a betaine and polypropylene glycol is described.

Even other efforts have been described for making wash compositions. In U.S. Patent No. 5,807,816, a light duty cleansing composition with alkyl sulfate, alkyl ether sulfate, a betaine, amine oxide and alkylpolyglucoside is described.

None of the additional information describes a wash composition with a reduced amount or no C10-C14 derived zwitterionic surfactant as claimed herein. of the Invention

In a first aspect, the present invention is directed to an isotropic wash composition comprising: a) an anionic surfactant comprising at least 42.5%, and preferably, from 50 to 100%, and most preferably, 55 to 95% (or from 60 to 90% or 65 to 85% or 70 to 80% or 90 to 100% or 100%) by weight alkyl sulfate, alkyl alkoxy sulfate or a mixture thereof based on total weight of the anionic surfactant; b) a zwitterionic surfactant comprising at least 27.5%, and preferably, from 30 to 100%, and most preferably, from 35 to 95% (or from 40 to 90% or 50 to 85% or 55 to 80% or 60 to 75% or 90 to 100% or 100%) by weight C16-C20 sultaine based on total weight of the zwitterionic surfactant; c) 0 to 5% by weight nonionic surfactant; and d) water, wherein the total weight percent of anionic surfactant and the total weight percent of zwitterionic surfactant in the composition are at an anionic to zwitterionic surfactant weight ratio from 1 :1 or greater (i.e., higher percentage of anionic surfactant) or 1.8 :1 to 4:1 , and preferably, from 2:1 to 4:1 , and even more preferably, 2.2:1 to 3.8 :1 , and most preferably, from 2.4:1 to 3.6:1 (or from 2.6:1 to 3.4:1 or from 3.8:1 to 3.2:1).

In a second aspect, the present invention is directed to a method for washing or treating a surface, like skin, with the wash composition of the first aspect of the invention.

In a third aspect, the present invention is directed to the use of an anionic surfactant comprising at least 42.5% by weight sulfate-based surfactant based on total weight of anionic surfactant, and zwitterionic surfactant comprising at least 27.5% by weight C16-C20 sultaine based on total weight of zwitterionic surfactant to produce a wash composition having a foam volume of at least 672 ml for alkoxylated anionic surfactants and at least 590 ml when the anionic surfactant is not alkoxylated (after 60 minutes of agitation in a Sita Foam R-2000 Analyzer, conditions as described in the Examples) wherein total weight percent anionic surfactant and zwitterionic surfactant are at an anionic to zwitterionic weight ratio from 1 :1 or greater (i.e., higher percentage of anionic surfactant) or 1.8:1 to 4:1 , and preferably, from 2:1 to 4:1 , and even more preferably, 2.2:1 to 3.8 :1 , and most preferably, from 2.4:1 to 3.6:1 (or from 2.6:1 to 3.4:1 or from 3.8:1 to 3.2:1).

All other aspects of the present invention will more readily become apparent from the description and examples which follow.

Skin, as used herein, is meant to include skin on the arms (including underarms), face, back, feet, neck, chest, hands, legs, buttocks and scalp (including hair). Stable means free of precipitate and syneresis, and able to maintain a viscosity of at least 2,000 mPa-s, and preferably, at least 3,000 mPa-s, and most preferably, from 4,000 to 18,000 mPa-s (or from 4,000 to 15,000 mPa-s or from 5,000 to 12,000 mPa-s or from 6,000 to 10,000 mPa-s) for at least one month, and preferably, at least 2 months after being made and stored at 45°C where viscosity is taken at 25°C with a Discovery HR-2 Rheometer using sand blasted plates with a 1000-micron gap and a shear rate of 0.23 s^-1. Wash composition and isotropic wash composition are used herein interchangeably.

Palm kernel oil derived means a component having a fatty portion with at least 75 to 100% (or 80 to 100% or 90 to 100% or 95 to 100% or 100%) by weight of a hydrophobic carbon portion or chain that is a C₈-Ci₄ saturated hydrocarbon from palm kernel oil and including hydrophobic components derived from lauric and myristic acid or their alcohol or amide derivatives. Isotropic, as used herein, means a composition with micelles arranged without directional preference. Transparent means clear and able to see through. Translucent means not opaque, and therefore, permitting light to pass through with diffusion.

In the present invention, it has been unexpectedly discovered that the inclusion of zwitterionic surfactant where at least 27.5% by weight of the total weight of the zwitterionic surfactant used is a C16-C20 sultaine surprisingly results in a desirable composition providing excellent lather and sensory characteristics, even when anionic surfactant is 42.5% by weight or more sulfate- based surfactant. Such excellent lather and sensory characteristics are typically associated with compositions having zwitterionic surfactant that is dominated with or only possesses C10- C14 hydrophobic chain. Excellent lather characteristics means a foam volume of least 672 ml for alkoxylated anionic surfactants and at least 590 ml when the anionic surfactant is not alkox ylated as described herein. The C16-C20 hydrophobic portion of the sultaine is preferably saturated (i.e., no double bonds). The isotropic wash composition of this invention is one suitable to be wiped or washed (including sprayed) off, and preferably, washed off with water. Such a composition can be a home care cleaning composition (e.g., for tabletops, glass, toilets dishes, upholstery, or laundry) but is preferably a shampoo, make-up wash, facial wash, hand wash, or personal care wash like a liquid body wash. In an embodiment of the invention, when the isotropic wash composition is used for hand applications, the composition will preferably have a viscosity that is not higher than 15,000 mPa-s, and is preferably, from 4,000 to 12,000 mPa-s, and most preferably, from 4,500 to 10,000 mPa-s or from 5,000 to 9,000 mPa-s.

The isotropic wash composition of this invention may, optionally, comprise medicinal or therapeutic agents, but preferably, is a wash which is for cosmetic uses and non-therapeutic, and therefore, formulated to remove dirt, oil or the like from surfaces including skin, scalp and hair. In a preferred embodiment, the isotropic wash composition is a personal wash composition, and therefore, a liquid body wash for use while showering or bathing. The wash composition of the present invention may optionally comprise skin benefit ingredients added thereto such as emollients, vitamins and/or derivatives thereof, resorcinols, retinoic acid precursors, colorants, moisturizers, sunscreens, antibacterial agents, mixtures thereof or the like. Such skin benefit ingredients (or agents) can be water and/or oil soluble. If used, oil soluble skin benefit agents typically make up to 2.0% by weight of the composition whereby water-soluble skin benefit agents, when optionally used, may make up to 15% by weight of the wash composition of the present invention. Sulfate-based surfactant means a surfactant with a hydrophobic portion (“HP”) and having the structure HP-(alkoxy)_x-O-SO₃-X+ where x is 0 to 45 and X is a counterion.

The wash composition will typically have a pH from 3.65 to 8 (or 3.65 to 7.5 or from 3.7 to 7), and preferably, from 3.75 to 6.5, and most preferably, from 3.95 to 5.65 (or from 3.95 to 5.45, or from 4 to 5 or from 4.1 to 4.7 or from 4.25 to 4.65 or from 5.65 to 7.2 or from 5.95 to 7 or from 6 to 6.75). In an embodiment of the invention, the pH of the wash composition is at least 5.65 for body wash compositions and under 5.65 for shampoo compositions. In another embodiment of the invention, when the pH of the wash composition is less than 5.8, total anionic surfactant used is less than 10% (or less than 6% or from 0.01 to 5% or 0.0%) by weight of an isethionate. As used herein, “substantially free of’ means less than 2% or less than1.5%, and preferably, less than 1 %, and most preferably less than 0.75% (or less than 0.55% or less than 0.4% or from 0.001 to 0.26% or less than 0.15% or 0.0% (none)) by weight of the composition. The isotropic wash composition of the present invention can, again, be substantially free of paraben, hydantoin, isothiazolinone and/or silicone oil. With respect to all ingredients identified that the wash composition of the present invention may be substantially free of, it is optionally within the scope of the invention to include from 0.0001 to 0.06% by weight of any of such ingredient.

In embodiment of the invention, less than 50%, and preferably less than, 30%, and most preferably, less than 26% (or from 0.01 to 25% or from 0.02 to 22% or 0.0% (none)) of the total weight of surfactant in the wash composition comprises surfactant having hydrophobic portion derived from coconut oil.

The term comprising is meant to encompass the terms consisting essentially of and consisting of. For the avoidance of doubt, and for illustration, the wash composition of this invention comprising surfactant, starch and water is meant to include a composition consisting essentially of the same and a composition consisting of the same. All ranges defined herein are meant to include all ranges subsumed therein. Except in the operating comparative examples, or where otherwise explicitly indicated, all numbers in this description indicating amounts or ratios of materials or conditions and/or physical properties of materials and/or use are to be understood as modified by the word “about”. The disclosure, as found herein, is to be considered to cover all embodiments as found in the claims as being multiply dependent upon each other irrespective of the fact that claims may be found without multiple dependency or redundancy.

Detailed description of the Invention

As to the anionic surfactants suitable for use and that are sulfate-based, the same typically include alkyl sulfates, alkyl alkoxy sulfates or mixtures thereof.

The sulfate-based surfactants used typically have a C₆ to C₂₄, and preferably, a C₈ to C₂2, and most preferably, a C10 to C₂₀ (or a C10 to Ci₈ or a C10 to Ci₆ or a Ci₂ to Ci₆ or a Ci₂ to Ci₄) hydro- phobic portion where hydrophobic portion means saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon that can be linear, branched or cyclic, including aromatic. The alkoxyl portion for the anionic surfactants that are alkyl alkoxy sulfates (e.g., alkyl ether sulfates) are typically C₂ to C₄-O- groups (i.e. , ethoxy to butyloxy groups), and preferably, an ethoxy (CH₂CH₂O) group. When alkoxylated, the surfactants comprise from 1 to 45, and preferably, from 1 to 25, and most preferably from 1 to 15 (or from 1 to 8 or from 1 to 4 or from 1 to 3 or from 2 to 3) alkoxy groups. In an embodiment of the invention, the surfactants having an alkoxy portion will typically have from 1 .5 to 3.5 or from 2 to 3 or from 2 to 2.6 or from 2 to 2.4 or from 2 to 2.3 mole of alkylene oxide.

In another embodiment of the invention, the sulfate-based surfactants used include sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium lauryl ether sulfate, ammonium lauryl sulfate, ammonium lauryl ether sulfate, sodium myristyl sulfate, sodium myristyl ether sulfate, ammonium myristyl sulfate, ammonium myristyl ether sulfate, sodium palmityl sulfate, sodium palmityl ether sulfate, ammonium palmityl sulfate, ammonium palmityl ether sulfate. In even another embodiment, the preferred sulfate-based surfactant is sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium lauryl ether sulfate or a mixture thereof. Additional counterions suitable for use include potassium and substituted ammonium, and therefore, an anionic surfactant like potassium lauryl sulfate and/or potassium lauryl ether sulfate may be used.

Additional anionic surfactants suitable for optional use in the isotropic wash compositions of the present invention (with the sulfate-based surfactants) include primary alkane (e.g., C₈-C₂₂) sulfonates, primary alkane (e.g., C₈-C₂₂) disulfonates, C₈-C₂₂ alkene sulfonates, C₈-C₂₂ hydroxyalkane sulfonates, alkyl glyceryl ether sulfonates (AGS), aromatic sulfonates such as alkyl benzene sulfonate or mixtures thereof. Also suitable for use are alpha-olefin sulfonates (Na+ or K+ Ci₂-Ci₈, preferably, C- -C-ie), ethylene oxide sulfonates (EOS), mixtures of alpha-olefin sulfonates and ethylene oxide sulfonates in a weight ratio of 2:8 or 8:2, or 3:7 to 7:3, or 4:6 to 6:4, or mixtures of the same and mixtures with other anionic surfactants including the sulfate-based surfactants.

The anionic surfactant may also optionally include, in addition to sulfate-based surfactant, alkyl sulfosuccinates (including mono- and dialkyl, e.g., C₆-C₂₂ sulfosuccinates); alkyl and acyl tau- rates (often methyl taurates), alkyl and acyl sarcosinates, sulfoacetates, C₈-C₂₂ alkyl phosphates and phosphonates, alkyl phosphate esters and alkoxyl alkyl phosphate esters, acyl lactates, C₈- C₂₂ monoalkyl succinates and maleates, sulphoacetates, alkyl glucosides and acyl isethionates, or the like. Sulfosuccinates may be monoalkyl sulfosuccinates having the formula: R¹ O2CCH₂CH(SO3M)CO₂M ; and amide-MEA sulfosuccinates of the formula:

R¹CONHCH₂CH₂O₂CCH₂CH(SO₃M)CO₂M wherein R¹ ranges from C₈-C₂₂ alkyl.

M is a solubilizing cation, typically a Group I element like Li+, Na+, or Cs+. Other suitable and illustrative cations include those generally classified as ammonium ions and K+ cations.

Sarcosinates are generally indicated by the formula:

R²CON(CH₃)CH₂CO₂M, wherein R² ranges from C₈-C₂₀ alkyl and M is as previously described.

Taurates are generally identified by formula:

R²CONR³CH₂CH₂SO₃M wherein R² is as previously described and R³ is a Ci-C₄ alkyl and M is as previously described.

Isethionates that may be used as anionic surfactant with sulfate-based surfactant in the wash composition of the present invention include C₈-Ci₈ acyl isethionates (including those which have a substituted head group such as a C-M alkyl substitution, preferably methyl substitution). These surfactant esters are prepared by a reaction between alkali metal isethionate with mixed aliphatic fatty acids having from 6 to 18 carbon atoms and an iodine value of less than 20. Often at least 75% of the mixed fatty acids have from 12 to 18 carbon atoms and up to 25% have from 6 to 10 carbon atoms.

The acyl isethionate suitable for use may be an alkoxylated isethionate such as is described in llardi et al., U.S. Pat. No. 5,393,466, entitled "Fatty Acid Esters of Polyalkoxylated isethonic acid; issued Feb. 28, 1995; hereby incorporated by reference. This compound has the general formula:

R⁴C— 0(0)— C(X) H-C(Y) H-(OCH₂-CH₂)_m-SO₃M wherein R⁴ is an alkyl group having 8 to 18 carbons, m is an integer from 1 to 4, X and Y are each independently hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbons and M is a solubilizing cation as previously described.

Additional anionic surfactants suitable for optional use in the wash compositions of the present invention are acyl glycinates and acyl glutamates or mixtures thereof. These include anionics such as sodium lauroyl glycinate, sodium cocoyl glycinate, potassium lauroyl glycinate, potassium cocoyl glycinate, sodium lauroyl glutamate, sodium cocoyl glutamate, potassium lauroyl glutamate, potassium cocoyl glutamate or mixtures thereof.

In an embodiment of the invention, isethionates that may optionally be included are sodium lauroyl isethionate, sodium methyl lauroyl isethionate and sodium cocoyl isethionate. Illustrative taurates suitable for use include sodium methyl lauroyl taurate, sodium methyl cocoyl taurate or mixtures of any of the same. Such anionic surfactants are commercially available.

Still other anionics suitable for optional use include (with the sulfate-based surfactants described herein) those generally classified as lactylates such as a Ci₆ -C₂o lactylates. In an embodiment of the invention, the lactylates, when used, are C16-C18 lactylates, and more preferably, C16-C18 lactylates like palmitoyl-1 -lactylate, stearoyl- 1-lactylate or mixtures thereof. Polylactyls (typically numbering from two to three lactyl groups) are also suitable for use, like palmitoyl-2-lactylate, stearoyl- 2-lactylate or mixtures thereof. In another embodiment of the invention, the lactylate used is a mixture of palmitoyl-1 -lactylate and palmitoyl-2-lactylate, or stearoyl-1 -lactylate, stearoyl-2-lac- tylate ora mixture thereof. In still another embodiment of the invention, the lactylate used is sodium stearoyl-1 -lactylate. In even another embodiment and when used, lactylates make up less than 25% by weight of total weight of anionic surfactant used, and preferably, less than 20% by weight, and most preferably, less than 17% by weight of the total weight of total anionic used in the wash composition. When used, lactylate is often present at from 0.01 to 16.5% or from 3 to 16% or from 8 to 15% by weight of the total weight of the anionic surfactant used in the wash composition.

Total anionic surfactant typically makes up at least from 2.75 to 15% (or 3 to 13%), and preferably, from 3.75 to 12%, and most preferably, from 4 to 11% or from 4.2 to 10% or from 4.5 to 9% by weight of the isotropic wash composition. In another embodiment of the invention, anionic surfactant makes up from 4.5 to 8.6% or from 4.5 to 7.5% by weight of the wash composition, with the proviso that the wash composition comprises less than 8%, and preferably, less than 7.6%, and most preferably, less than 7.4% by weight of a sulfate based surfactant.

Regarding the anionic surfactant, and again, at least 42.5%, and preferably, from 50 to 100%, and most preferably, 55 to 95% (or from 60 to 90% or 65 to 85% or 70 to 80% or 90 to 100% or 100%) by weight of the total weight of the anionic surfactant used is a sulfate-based surfactant. In yet another embodiment of the invention, the anionic surfactant used is 95 to 100% sodium lauryl sulfate or sodium lauryl ether sulfate where sodium lauryl ether sulfate as used herein can include sodium pareth ether sulfate, and however, the former is desired as it is preferred that the alkoxylated surfactant is derived from natural lauryl alcohol. In another embodiment of the invention, both sodium lauryl ether sulfate and sodium lauryl sulfate are used at a weight ratio from 7:3 to 3:7 or from 4:6 to 6:4 or from 1.3:1 to 1 :1.3 or from 1 :1.

In another embodiment, the total percent by weight anionic surfactant in the wash composition is less than 25% by weight of surfactant defined as isethionates, taurates, glutamates and/or glycinates. In an embodiment of the invention, less than 10% by weight of the total anionic surfactant used is defined as isethionates, taurates, glutamates and/or glycinates.

As to the zwitterionic surfactant used in the invention, at least 27.5%, and preferably, from 30 to 100%, and most preferably, from 35 to 95% (or from 40 to 90% or 50 to 85% or 55 to 80% or 60 to 75% or 90 to 100% or 100%) by weight is Ci₆-C₂o sultaine based on total weight of the zwitterionic surfactant. Sultaine is defined to mean a surfactant having the general structure:

R⁵(COO)(NR⁶)(C(R⁷)2)ZN⁺(R⁸)2(C(R⁹)₂)ZS(=O)2-O-M where: a) R⁵ is a Ci_6-2o or C16-18 or Ci_8-2o hydrocarbon (hydrophobic chains having at least 50% or at least 60% or from 70 to 100% or from 80 to 100% or from 82 to 93% by weight Ci₆ are often desired); b) R⁶ is H or a C1-3 alkyl (preferably hydrogen); c) each R⁷ is independently H or a C1-4 alkyl (preferably hydrogen); and z is an integer from 2 to 6 and preferably 3; d) each R⁸ is independently hydrogen or methyl (preferably methyl) e) each R⁹ is independently an H, methyl or OH; and f) z is an integer from 2 to 6 (preferably 3). In an embodiment of the invention, the sultaine used in the present invention is at least 80%, and preferably at least 85%, and most preferably, at least 90 to 100% or 95 to 100% or 100% by weight C16-20 amidopropyl hydroxysultaine where the C16-20 amidopropyl hydroxysultaine is preferably palmityl, and/or stearyl amidopropyl hydroxysultaine, and most preferably, palmityl amidopropyl hydroxysultaine.

Other zwitterionic surfactants suitable for use along with the C16-C20 sultaine described herein include betaines like coco betaine, cocoamidopropyl betaine, lauryl betaine, laurylhydroxy sulfobetaine, lauryldimethyl betaine, cocoamidopropylhydroxylsulfobetaine, behenyl betaine, capryl/capramidopropyl betaine, cocodimethyl carboxymethyl betaine, stearyl betaine, laurylamidopropyl betaine, lauryl hydroxysultaine, myristyl hydroxysultaine, cocamidopropyl sultaine, mixtures thereof or the like.

Zwitterionic surfactants typically make up from 0.85 to 8.5%, and preferably, from 1 to 8%, and most preferably, from 1 .5 to 7.75% (or from 2 to 7.25% or from 3 to 7%) by weight of the isotropic wash composition.

In an embodiment of the invention, from 45 to 92%, and preferably, from 50 to 88%, and most preferably, from 52 to 86% (or from 52 to 75% or from 55 to 70%) by weight of the total weight of anionic surfactant and zwitterionic surfactant in the isotropic wash composition is anionic surfactant.

In still another embodiment of the invention, amphoteric surfactant may be used in the present invention. If used, illustrative optional surfactants include cocoyl amine oxide, lauramine oxide, myristamine oxide, palmitamine oxide, stearamine oxide, oleamine oxide, cocamidopropyl amine oxide, lauryl amidopropyl amine oxide, myristyl amidopropyl amine oxide, palmityl amidopropyl amine oxide, stearyl amidopropyl amine oxide, oleamidopropyl amine oxide or a mixture thereof.

Additional amphoteric surfactants suitable for use include include imdazolines, sodium acyl am- phoacetates, sodium acyl amphopropionates, disodium acyl amphodiacetates and disodium acyl amphodipropionates where the acyl (i.e., alkanoyl group) can comprise a C7-C18 alkyl portion. Illustrative examples of the amphoteric surfactants suitable for use include sodium lauroamphoacetate, sodium cocoamphoacetate, sodium lauroamphoacetate, sodium cocoam- phoacetate, cocamphodipropionate or a mixture thereof.

If used, amphoteric surfactant will make up from 0.01 to 3% or from 0.04 to 2% or from 0.05 to 1 .75% by weight of the wash composition.

Fatty acid sources for the ingredients with hydrophobic chains used in this invention, and especially the C16-20 sultaines, can include vegetable, soy, nut, fruit (e.g., mango, papaya, red berries, coconut) and/or palm oil. In an embodiment, of the invention, less than 95%, and preferably, less than 90%, and most preferably, less than 85% by weight of the fatty acid sources for the C16-20 sultaines used includes hydrophobic chain derived from palm kernel oil or palm kernel oil, or both.

In even another embodiment, ingredients with hydrophobic chains used in the present invention can optionally comprise from 1 to 15%, or 1 to 12%, or 2 to 11 % or 2 to 6% or 0.00005 1.5% or 0.0001 to 1.0% or 0.001 to 0.5% by weight carbon recovered from carbon capture (e.g., purple carbon) based on total weight of carbon in such ingredients.

Thickener like polymeric carbohydrate thickener is suitable for use in the present invention, the same can include nonmodified starch granules, in general, like potato starch, waxy maize starch as well as simple corn starch, i.e. , a starch that gelatinizes at around 75°C. Pure -Gel® starches from Grain Processing Corporation are chemically modified corn starch granules having a gelatinization temperature at about 53°C and are often preferred for use. Modified and/or nonmodified starch granules with gelatinization temperatures from 30° to 85°C, and preferably, from 30° to 80°C, and most preferably, from 35 to 75°C are suitable for inclusion as the polymeric carbohydrate thickening agent in the wash compositions of the invention. In general, and notwithstanding the starch selected for use, it is typically preferred that the granules of the polymeric carbohydrate selected, upon use in the final wash composition, swell at least 200%, and preferably at least 400%, and more preferably, at least 600%, and most preferably, at least 800% by volume in the wash composition to form swollen starch gel particles with a size in the range of 2 to 300 micrometers, or preferably, from 3 to 275 microns, and most preferably, from 4 to 245 microns. Examples of the often preferred Pure-Gel® starches suitable for use are Pure Gel B990, Pure Gel B992, Pure Gel B980 and Pure Dent starches made commercially available from Grain Processing Corporation. Additional polymeric carbohydrates suitable for use (i.e., starch granules) are National™ 1545, Amioca corn starch, Clearjel, National 1333, Colflo 67, Novation 1600, Novation 2700 or Purity 420 made available from Ingredion. Chemically modified starch granules are also suitable for use. Starch granules modified with nonionic hydrophilic groups such as hydroxyethyl or hydroxypropyl and/or ionic groups such as phosphate, carboxylate, sulfate, sulfonate and dialky l/trialkyl amino or quaternary ammonium ions are often selected for use.

Even other polymeric carbohydrates suitable for use are water soluble starches like Ultra-Sperse®, tapioca and waxy maize starch, and National 1215 pregelatinized unmodified corn starch or mixtures thereof. Still others include Structure® ZEA, a hydroxypropyl modified corn starch, or Structure® XL, a cross-linked pregelatinized hydroxypropyl starch phosphate or mixtures thereof, whereby the same are also available commercially from Nouryon.

Other useful thickeners that can be used include carbohydrate gums such as cellulose gum, microcrystalline cellulose, cellulose gel, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxymethyl or carboxymethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, guar gum, gum karaya, gum tragacanth, gum Arabic, gum acacia, gum agar, xanthan gum and mixtures thereof; modified and nonmodified starch granules often with gelatinization temperatures between 30 to 85°C.

Additional thickeners that also may be used include Versathix™ (PEG-150 Pentaerythrityl Tetrastearate (and) PPG-2 Hydroxyethyl cocamide and water), Aristoflex AVC (ammonium acryloyldimethyltaurate/VP copolymer), Carbomer such as Carbopol 980 (crosslinked polyacrylic acid), Carbopol® Ultrez 10 and 20 (hydrophobically modified crosslinked polyacrylic acid); alkaline soluble emulsion polymers such as Aculyn 28, Acuyln 22 or Carbopol Aqua SF1 ; cationic polymer such as modified polysaccharides including cationic guar available from Aventis under the trade name Jaguar C13S, Jaguar C14S, Jaguar C17, or Jaguar C16; cationic modified cellulose such as UCARE Polymer JR 30 or JR 40 from Amerchol; N-Hance 3000, N-Hance 3196, N-Hance GPX 215 or N-Hance GPX 196 from Ashland, Inc.; synthetic cationic polymer such as MerQuat 100, MerQuat 280, Merquat 281 and Merquat 550 by Nalco; cationic starches, e.g., StaLok® 100, 200, 300 and 400 made by Galactasol 800 series by Henkel, Inc.; Quadrosoft Um-200; Polyquaternium-67 and Polyquaternium-24. In a preferred embodiment, thickener used in the present invention is an electrolyte such as MgCI₂, CaCI_2j, KCI, NaCI or a mixture thereof and/or either alone or a glycol having the formula:

H-(OC(CH₃H)CH₂)_U-OH where u is an integer from 6 to 12, and preferably, 7 to 11 , or from 8 to 10, and most preferably, 9 (polypropylene glycol 9 (PPG-9)).

The total amount of thickener used often makes up from 0.1 to 6%, and preferably, from 0.1 to 5%, and most preferably, from 0.18 to 4% (or from 0.2 to 3% or from 0.25 to 2.75% or from 0.3 to 1 .2%) by weight of the wash composition.

In yet another embodiment of the invention, less than 1 %, and preferably, less than 0.5%, and most preferably, less than 0.25% or 0.0% by weight of the thickener used in the wash composition is acrylate based.

In even another embodiment, the thickener used is an electrolyte and a glycol in a weight ratio from 1 :5 to 5:1 or from 1 :4 to 4:1 or from 1 :3 to 3:1 or from 1 :2 to 2:1 or 1 :1 where NaCI and PPG-9 are often desired.

Oils are suitable for optional use in the wash compositions of this invention, the same include any oils suitable for topical application via a wash composition, and preferably, an oil suitable to contact skin that is natural and sustainable. Illustrative examples of such oils include silicone oils and/or mineral oil, but preferably those that are naturally sourced and sustainable like, ara- chis oil, castor oil, coconut oil, corn oil, cotton seed oil, olive oil, rapeseed oil, safflower seed oil, sesame seed oil, soybean oil, avocado oil, macadamia nut oil, argan oil, pomegranate oil, argan Moroccan oil, blueberry oil, raspberry oil, walnut oil, pecan oil, peanut oil, bayberry oil, mango seed oil, jojoba oil, hydrolyzed jojoba oil, mixtures thereof or the like. If a silicone oil is optionally used, the same can include, for example, PEG-3 Dimethicone, PEG-8 Dimethicone, PEG-9 Di- methicone, PEG-10 Dimethicone, PEG-11 Methyl ether dimethicone, PEG-12 Dimethicone, PEG-14 Dimethicone, PEG-17 Dimethicone, PEG-32 Dimethicone mixtures thereof or the like.

In an embodiment of the invention, the wash composition of the present invention comprises from 0.5 to 5% by oil, and preferably, from 1.0 to 4.5%, and most preferably, from 1.5 to 4.0% (or from 1 .75 to 3.5% or from 2.0 to 3.0%) by weight oil based on total weight of oil in the wash composition. In another embodiment, the oil used is at least 70%, or 80% or 90 to 100% or 100% by weight soybean oil when used. In even another embodiment, the wash composition of the present invention comprises less than 0.2% by weight oil or no (0.0%) by weight oil. In still another embodiment, when oil is used, less than 0.5% or 0.0% by weight of the total weight of the oil used is a silicone oil.

Nonionic surfactants may optionally be used in the wash composition of the present invention. When used, nonionic surfactants are typically used at levels as low as 0.25, 1 , 1 .5 or 2% by weight and at levels as high as 3, 4, 5 or 6% by weight of the wash composition, when used. The nonionics which may be used include the reaction products of compounds having a hydro- phobic group and a reactive hydrogen atom, for example aliphatic alcohols, acids, amides or alkylphenols with alkylene oxides, especially ethylene oxide either alone or with propylene oxide. Specific nonionic surfactant compounds are alkyl (C₆-C₂2) phenols ethylene oxide condensates, the condensation products of aliphatic (C₈-Ci₈) primary or secondary linear or branched alcohols with ethylene oxide, and products made by condensation of ethylene oxide with the reaction products of propylene oxide and ethylenediamine. Other nonionic surfactants include long chain tertiary amine oxides, long chain tertiary phosphine oxides, dialkyl sulphoxides, and the like.

In an embodiment of the invention, nonionic surfactants optionally used can include fatty acid/al- cohol ethoxylates having the following structures a) HOCH2(CH2)_S(CH2CH2O)_V H or b) HOOC(CH2)c(CH2CH₂O)d H; where s and v are each independently an integer up to18; and c and d are each independently an integer from 1 or greater. In an embodiment of the invention, s and v are each independently 6 to 18; c and d are each independently 1 to 30. Other options for nonionic surfactants include those having the formula HOOC(CH2)i-CH=CH-(CH2)k(CH2CH2O)_z H, where i, k are each independently 5 to 15; and z is 5 to 50. In another embodiment of the invention, i and k are each independently 6 to 12; and z is 15 to 35.

The nonionic used may also include a sugar amide, such as a polysaccharide amide. Specifically, the surfactant may be one of the lactobionamides described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,389,279 to Au et al., entitled "Compositions Comprising Nonionic Glycolipid Surfactants issued Feb. 14, 1995; which is hereby incorporated by reference or it may be one of the sugar amides described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,009,814 to Kelkenberg, titled "Use of N-Poly Hydroxyalkyl Fatty Acid Amides as Thickening Agents for Liquid Aqueous Surfactant Systems" issued Apr. 23, 1991 ; hereby incorporated into the subject application by reference.

In an embodiment of the invention, the nonionic surfactant used is an alkyl polyglucoside represented as:

R¹⁰-O-(S)_p, where R¹⁰ is a C₆ to C₂o or C₈ to Ci₈ or C10 to Ci₆ linear or branched alkyl and S is a saccharide group of 5 or 6 carbons such as glucose, xylose, lactose, fructose and/or mannose, and preferably, is glucose, and p represents the degree of polymerization and may have a value of from 1 to 12 or from 1 to 10 , and most preferably, from 1 .2 to about 1 .6 or from 1 .3 to 1.5.

In an embodiment of the invention, the nonionic surfactant used is cocamide monoethanolamine (cocamide MEA) and nonionic makes up from 0.25 to 2% or from 0.25 to 1 .85% or from 0.3 to 1 .5% (or from 0.9 to 1 .45%) by weight of the wash composition.

In still another embodiment of the invention, cationic surfactants may optionally be used in the wash composition of the present invention.

One class of optional cationic surfactants includes heterocyclic ammonium salts such as cetyl or stearyl pyridinium chloride, alkyl amidoethyl pyrrylinodium methyl sulfate, and lapyrium chloride.

Tetra alkyl ammonium salts are another useful class of cationic surfactants suitable for optional use. Examples include cetyl or stearyl trimethyl ammonium chloride or bromide; hydrogenated palm or tallow trimethylammonium halides; behenyl trimethyl ammonium halides or methyl sulfates; decyl isononyl dimethyl ammonium halides; ditallow (or distearyl) dimethyl ammonium halides, and behenyl dimethyl ammonium chloride.

Still other types of cationic surfactants that may be used are the various ethoxylated quaternary amines and ester quats. Examples include PEG-5 stearyl ammonium lactate (e.g., Genamin KSL manufactured by Clariant), PEG-2 coco ammonium chloride, PEG-15 hydrogenated tallow ammonium chloride, PEG 15 stearyl ammonium chloride, dipalmitoyl ethyl methyl ammonium chloride, dipalmitoyl hydroxyethyl methyl sulfate, and strearyl amidopropyl dimethylamine lactate. Even other useful cationic surfactants suitable for optional use include quaternized hydrolysates of silk, wheat, and keratin proteins, and it is within the scope of the invention to use mixtures of the aforementioned cationic surfactants.

If used, cationic surfactants will typically make up no more than 1 .0% by weight of the isotropic wash composition. When present, they typically make up from 0.01 to 0.7%, and more typically, from 0.1 to 0.5% by weight of the wash composition.

In an embodiment of this invention, the wash composition of this invention will be substantially free of polymeric quaternary ammonium compounds (including salts of the same). In another embodiment, the wash composition will comprise less than 0.1% by weight polymeric quaternary ammonium compounds. In yet another embodiment, the wash composition comprises less than 0.01 % by weight polymeric quaternary ammonium compounds. In even another embodiment, the wash composition is free of polymeric quaternary ammonium compounds (i.e. , 0.0%).

Polyols (i.e., humectants) are suitable for optional use in the wash compositions of the present invention whereby the same are limited only to the extent that they are suitable for use in a topical wash composition and water soluble. Illustrative and nonlimiting examples of the polyols suitable for use in the present invention include sorbitol, glycerol, mannitol, xylitol, maltitol or mixtures thereof. In an embodiment of the invention, the polyol used is at least 50% by weight glycerol, based on total weight of the polyol used in the wash composition. In another embodiment of the invention, the polyol used is all glycerol (100% by weight). Polyol, when used, will typically make up from 1 to 40% by weight of the wash composition, and preferably, from 1 .5 to 25% by weight of the wash composition, and most preferably, from 2 to 15% (or from 2.5 to 10% or from 2.5 to 7% or from 2.5 to 6%) by weight of the wash composition of the present invention.

Water typically makes up from 30 to 90%, and preferably, from 40 to 90%, and most preferably, from 50 to 85% by weight of the wash composition or even from 60 to 80% of from 68 to 78% by weight of the composition. Adjusters suitable to modify/buffer the pH may be used. Such pH adjusters include triethylamine, NaOH, KOH, H₂SO₄, HCI, C₆ H₈ O₇ (i.e. , citric acid) or mixtures thereof. The pH adjusters are added at amounts to yield the desired final pH. The pH values may be assessed with commercial instrumentation such as a pH meter made commercially available from Thermo Scientific®.

As herein noted, optional water-soluble skin benefit agents suitable for use in the wash composition of this invention are limited only to the extent that they are capable of being topically applied, and suitable to dissolve in the wash composition at the desired pH.

Illustrative examples of the benefit agents suitable to include in the water portion of the wash composition are acids, like amino acids, such as arginine, valine or histidine. Additional water- soluble benefit agents suitable for use include vitamin 62, niacinamide (vitamin B3), vitamin Bs (Panthenol), vitamin B₆, vitamin C, mixtures thereof or the like. Water soluble derivatives of such vitamins may also be employed. For instance, vitamin C derivatives such as ascorbyl tetraisopalmitate, magnesium ascorbyl phosphate and ascorbyl glycoside may be used alone or in combination with each other. Other water-soluble benefit agents suitable for use include 4- ethyl resorcinol, extracts like sage, aloe vera, green tea, grapeseed, thyme, chamomile, yarrow, cucumber, liquorice, rosemary extract or mixtures thereof. Water soluble sunscreens like en- sulizole may also be used. Total amount of optional water-soluble benefit agents (including mixtures) when present in the invention may range from 0.001 to 15%, preferably from 0.001 to 10%, and most preferably, from 0.01 to 8% (or from 1 to 6% or from 1 to 3%) by weight of the wash composition.

It is also within the scope of the present invention to optionally include oil soluble benefit agents (i.e., non-water-soluble agents defined as less than 1.0 g of such benefit agent (solute) can be dissolved in 100 mL of 25°C water (solvent) at atmospheric pressure). The only limitations with respect to such oil soluble benefit agents are that the same are suitable to provide a benefit when topically applied, especially to skin.

Illustrative examples of the types of oil soluble benefit agents that may optionally be used in the compositions of this invention include components like stearic acid, vitamins like Vitamin A, D, E and K (and their oil soluble derivatives), sunscreens like ethylhexylmethoxycinnamate, bis-ethyl hexyloxyphenol methoxyphenol triazine, 2-ethylhexyl-2-cyano-3,3-diphenyl-2-propanoic acid, drometrizole trisiloxane, 3,3,5-trimethyl cyclohexyl 2-hydroxybenzoate, 2-ethylhexyl-2hy- droxybenzoate or mixtures thereof.

Other well known sunscreens suitable for use include Mexoryl 400 (methoxypropylamino cyclo- hexenylidene ethoxyethylcyanoacetate), Mexoryl XL (drometrizole trisiloxane), Mexoryl SX (ter- ephthalylidene dicamphor sulfonic acid) or mixtures thereof.

Other optional oil soluble benefit agents suitable for use include resorcinols like thiamidol (isobutylene thiazolyl resorcinol), 4-hexyl resorcinol, 4-phenylethyl resorcinol, 4-cyclopentyl resorcinol, 4-cyclohexyl resorcinol 4-isopropyl resorcinol or a mixture thereof. Also, 5-substituted resorcinols like 4-cyclohexyl-5-methylbenzene-1 ,3-diol, 4-isopropyl-5-methylbenzene-1 ,3-diol, mixtures thereof or the like may be used. The 5-substituted resorcinols, and their synthesis are described in commonly assigned U.S. Published Patent Application No. 2016/0000669A1.

Even other oil soluble actives suitable for use include omega-3 fatty acids, omega-6 fatty acids, climbazole, farnesol, ursolic acid, myristic acid, geranyl geraniol, cocoyl hydroxyethyl imidazoline, hexanoyl sphingosine, 12-hydroxystearic acid, petroselinic acid, conjugated linoleic acid, terpineol, thymol mixtures thereof or the like.

In an embodiment of the invention, the optional oil soluble benefit agent used is a retinoic acid precursor. In one embodiment of the invention, the retinoic acid precursor is retinol, retinal, retinyl propionate, retinyl palmitate, retinyl acetate or a mixture thereof. Retinyl propionate, retinyl palmitate and mixtures thereof are typically preferred. Still another retinoic acid precursor suitable for use is hydroxyanasatil retinoate made commercially available under the name Retextra® as supplied by Molecular Design International. The same may be used in a mixture with the oil soluble actives described herein.

When optional oil soluble active is used in the composition of the invention, such active typically makes up from 0.001 to 2%, and preferably, from 0.001 to 1 .5%, and most preferably, from 0.05 to 1 % (or from 0.06 to 0.85%) by weight of the wash composition. Conventional preservatives can desirably be incorporated into the wash composition to protect against the growth of potentially harmful microorganisms. Cosmetic chemists are familiar with appropriate preservatives and routinely choose them to satisfy the preservative challenge test and to provide product stability. Suitable traditional preservatives for use may include hydantoin derivatives methyl paraben, propyl paraben and propionate salts. Preservatives suitable for use may include iodopropynyl butyl carbamate, phenoxyethanol, hydroxyacetophenone, ethylhexylglycerine, hexylene glycol, imidazolidinyl urea, sodium dehydroacetate, dimethyl-dimethyl (DMDM) hydantoin, benzyl alcohol, sodium benzoate or mixtures thereof. Other preservatives suitable for use include sodium dehydroacetate, chlorophenesin, isothiazolinones (CIT/MIT) and decylene glycol. The preservatives should be selected having regard for the use of the composition and possible incompatibilities between the preservatives and other ingredients in the emulsion. Preservatives are preferably employed in amounts ranging from 0.01% to 2.0% by weight of the total weight of the wash composition, including all ranges subsumed therein. Also preferred is a preservative system with hydroxyacetophenone alone or in a mixture with other preservatives. Use of common emollients classified as vicinal diols, like 1 ,2-octane diol, are also suitable for use with the preservatives described herein and typically at amounts from 0.2 to 1 .5%, and preferably, from 0.3 to 1.25%, and most preferably, from 0.3 to 1 % by weight of the wash composition.

In an embodiment of the invention, the wash composition is substantially free of hydantoins, parabens, silicones and isothiazolinones as described therein.

In another embodiment, the wash composition comprises at least one of benzethonium chloride, benzalkonium chloride, cetrimonium chloride, zinc pyrithione, chloroxylenol, salicylic acid, citric acid, lactic acid, eugenol, terpineol, thymol, 1 ,2-hexandiol, 1 ,2-octanediol, selenium sulfide, pi- roctone olamine, hinokitiol, linalool, cinnamon oil, lemon grass oil, eucalyptus, vanilla extract, mint extract, orange extract, linseed oil, flaxseed oil or a mixture thereof. If used, the total amount of those selected for use will in total be from 0.01 to 4.5%, or from 0.1 to 3.5% or from 0.2 to 2.5% by weight of the wash composition.

In even another embodiment of the invention, at least one of 1 ,2-nonanediol tetrahexyldecyl ascorbate, honokiol, hyaluronic acid, climbazole, linalool, anisic acid, levulinic acid, cetylpyridinium chloride, pyruvic acid, hemp seed oil and/or magnolia bark extract is used in the wash composition of the invention. If used, the same either alone or in a mixture make up from 0.001 to 5%, or from 0.01 to 4% or from 0.01 to 3.5% or from 0.02 to 2.7% or from 0.02 to 1 % by weight of the wash composition.

In even another embodiment, the wash composition can be fragrance free and/or comprise less than 0.5% by weight (preferably 0.0% by weight) dye, phthalate or both.

Fragrances, fixatives, chelators (like EDTA and/or sodium gluconate) and exfoliants may optionally be included in the wash composition of the present invention. Each of these substances may range from about 0.03 to about 5%, preferably between 0.1 and 3% (or from 0.2 to 1 .2%) by weight of the total weight of the wash composition. To the extent the exfoliants are used, those selected should be of small enough particle size so that they do not impede the performance of any packaging used to dispense the compositions of this invention.

Conventional emulsifiers having an HLB of greater than 8 may optionally be used. Illustrative examples include Tween, 40, 60, 80, polysorbate 20 and mixtures thereof. Typically, emulsifiers for water continuous systems make up from 0.03 to 1 .5% by weight of the wash composition.

As to the wash composition of the present invention, the same typically comprises from 5 to 20%, and preferably, from 6 to 16%, and most preferably, from 7 to 15% (or from 7 to 14% or from 8 to 12% or from 9 to 11 %) by weight total surfactant. In an embodiment of the invention, the wash composition comprises from 7.2 to 13.2% by weight total surfactant.

In another embodiment of the invention, the wash composition of the present invention comprises palmitic acid, glycerol, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ligands (“PPARs”) like 12-hydroxystearic acid, petroselinic acid, conjugated linoleic acid, stearic acid and mixtures of such PPARs. When used, the weight percents of the ingredients (i.e., skin matrix building ingredients) in the wash compositions are 0.1 to 6%, and 1 to 10%, and 0.1 to 3.5%, respectively.

When making isotropic wash composition of the present invention, the desired ingredients may be mixed with conventional apparatus under moderate shear and atmospheric conditions, with temperature being from 30 to 85°C whereby shear continues until a homogeneous product is recovered.

The packaging for the wash composition typically is not limited as long as composition can be dispensed. In an embodiment on the invention, the wash composition is sold in a pouch, bottle, jar, tube or canister. The packaging preferably is refillable, biodegradable and/or is prepared from recycled materials including post-consumer resins.

The Examples are provided to facilitate an understanding of the invention. They are not intended to limit the scope of the claims. All Samples in the Examples were prepared by mixing the ingredients with moderate shear and with temperature being about 80°C and pressure being atmospheric. Viscosity (millipascal second) was measured with a Discovery HR-2 Rheometer using sand blasted plates having a 1000-micron gap, temperature at 25°C and a shear rate of 0.23 s^-1.

The equipment used to assess foam volume was a SITA Lab Solutions - Sita Foam Tester R- 2000 with standard measurement parameters set as: mixing speed: 1 ,000 rpm; measurement time (single time point) 60 second intervals as shown in the Tables; dilution: 250mL(10% wash composition); sample size: 10g; and temperature: 25°C. Stability means no syneresis, malodor, discoloration, precipitate formation, viscosity breakdown or grittiness observed by skilled panelists, even after the wash composition was stored at 45°C for 2 months. Example I

A base formulation was made with ingredients as indicated in Table I.

Table I

Base Formulations: Surfactants used-Sodium Lauryl Sulfate or Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate

*non-Electrolyte and/or glycol-based thickener.

Example II

Each Sample represents final isotropic wash compositions made by including surfactants and thickeners as identified in in Table II. SLES-Sodium lauryl ether sulfate

SSL-Sodium stearoyl-1-lactylate

CAPB- Cocoamidopropyl betaine

S16-Palmityl hydroxy sultaine

MEA- Cocamide monoethanolamine PPG-9 polypropylene glycol (9 ethylene oxide units)

OB- Oleyl betaine

Table II

*control wash composition with palm kernel oil (greater than 50% C12 and circa 20% C14) derived surfactants.

The data provided surprisingly shows that wash compositions made consistent with the present invention were stable where stability was unexpectedly par with a control composition having

9% by weight of an anionic sAulfate-based surfactant (SLES) and a zwitterionic surfactant (CAPB) having 100% of hydrophobic chain derived from palm kernel oil. Trained panelists concluded, after washing, that the wash compositions made according to the invention (Samples 2,3 and 5, and 7 to 9) lathered particularly well and consistent with the control wash composition having zwitterionic surfactant with hydrophobic chains derived from palm kernel oil, generally known for good lather. Samples 4 and 6 having oleyl betaine as zwitterionic surfactant, not palm kernel oil derived and unsaturated, did not lather well compared to compositions made with S16, also not derived from palm kernel oil but saturated. The results also unexpectedly demonstrate that use of S16 with sulfate based anionics yields wash compositions that lather consistent with formulations having palm kernel oil derived zwitterionic surfactants, even when the anionic ani- onics like stearoyl lactylate are included.

Example III The wash compositions prepared in Example II were analyzed for foam generation using the Sita Foam Tester as described. The data collected appears in Table III and represents an average of the foam volume in milliliters at the noted time interval in seconds, taking into consideration the standard deviations for all numbers collected.

Table III

The data in Table III surprisingly shows that compositions made with Ci₆ sultaine at the claimed anionic surfactant to zwitterionic surfactant weight ratio of 1 :1 or above, surprisingly lathered very well, having a foam volume of at least 669 ml.

Example IV

Each Sample in this Example IV represents final isotropic wash compositions made by including surfactants and thickeners as identified in Table IV where S16 is as previously defined and SLS is sodium lauryl sulfate.

Table IV *control wash composition with conventional palm kernel oil derived surfactant chains The data provided in Table IV surprisingly shows that wash compositions made consistent with the present invention were stable where stability was unexpectedly par with a control composition having 6.85% by weight of an anionic sulfate-based surfactant (SLS) and a zwitterionic surfactant (CAPB) having 100% of surfactant chains derived from palm kernel oil. Trained panelists concluded, after washing, that the wash compositions made according to the invention (Samples 11 to 13) lathered particularly well and consistent with the control wash composition having zwitterionic surfactant with hydrophobic chains derived from palm kernel oil and generally known for good lather. Samples 11 to 13 all were formulated with zwitterionic surfactant with no hydrophobic portion derived from palm kernel oil, S16.

Example V

The wash compositions prepared in Example IV were analyzed for foam generation using the Sita Foam Tester as described. The data collected appears in Table V and represents an average of the foam volume in milliliters at the noted time interval in seconds, taking into consideration the standard deviations for all numbers collected.

Table V The data in Table V surprisingly shows that compositions made with S16 at the claimed anionic surfactant to zwitterionic surfactant weight ratio of 1 :1 or above, surprisingly lathered very well, having a foam volume of at least 590 ml.

Claims

1 . An isotropic wash composition comprising: a) an anionic surfactant comprising as surfactant at least 42.5%, and preferably, from 50 to 100%, and most preferably, 55 to 95% or from 60 to 90% or 65 to 85% or 70 to 80% or 90 to 100% or 100% by weight alkyl sulfate, alkyl alkoxy sulfate or a mixture thereof based on total weight of the anionic surfactant; b) a zwitterionic surfactant comprising at least 27.5%, and preferably, from 30 to 100%, and most preferably, from 35 to 95% or from 40 to 90% or 50 to 85% or 55 to 80% or 60 to 75% or 90 to 100% or 100% by weight Ci₆-C₂o sultaine based on total weight of the zwitterionic surfactant, the sultaine comprising at least 80% by weight C16-20 amidopropyl hydroxysul- taine, based on total weight of the sultaine, and the C16-20 amidopropyl hydroxysultaine preferably comprises palmityl amidopropyl hydroxysultaine; c) 0 to 5% by weight nonionic surfactant; and d) water, wherein the total weight percent of anionic surfactant and the total weight percent of zwitterionic surfactant in the composition are at an anionic to zwitterionic surfactant weight ratio from 1 :1 or greater (i.e., higher percentage of anionic surfactant) or 1.8 :1 to 4:1 , and preferably, from 2:1 to 4:1 , and even more preferably, 2.2:1 to 3.8 :1 , and most preferably, from 2.4:1 to 3.6:1 or from 2.6:1 to 3.4:1 or from 3.8:1 to 3.2:1.

2. The isotropic wash composition according to claim 1 wherein the alkyl sulfate surfactant is sodium lauryl sulfate, ammonium lauryl sulfate, sodium myristyl sulfate, ammonium myristyl sulfate, sodium palmityl sulfate, ammonium palmityl sulfate, potassium lauryl sulfate, potassium myristyl sulfate or a mixture thereof.

3. The isotropic wash composition according to claims 1 or 2 wherein the alkyl alkoxy sulfate surfactant is sodium lauryl ether sulfate, ammonium lauryl ether sulfate, sodium myristyl ether sulfate, ammonium myristyl ether sulfate, sodium palmityl ether sulfate, ammonium palmityl ether sulfate, potassium lauryl ether sulfate, potassium myristyl ether sulfate or a mixture thereof.

4. The isotropic wash composition according to any of the preceding claims wherein the Ci6 C₂o sultaine is has the structure:

R⁵(COO)(NR⁶)(C(R⁷)₂)ZN⁺(R⁸)2(C(R⁹)₂)ZS(=O)2-O-M where: a) R⁵ is a Ci_6-2o or C16-18 or Ci_8-2o hydrocarbon, preferably hydrophobic chains having at least 50% or at least 60% or from 70 to 100% or from 80 to 100% or from 82 to 93% by weight C16; b) R⁶ is H or a C1-3 alkyl, preferably hydrogen; c) each R⁷ is independently H or a C1-4 alkyl, preferably hydrogen; and z is an integer from 2 to 6 and preferably 3; d) each R⁸ is independently hydrogen or methyl, preferably methyl; e) each R⁹ is independently an H, methyl or OH; and f) z is an integer from 2 to 6, preferably 3.

5. The isotropic wash composition according to any of the preceding claims wherein the zwitterionic surfactant is at least 80%, and preferably, at least 85%, and most preferably, at least 90 to 100% or 95 to 100% or 100% by weight Ci_6-2o amidopropyl hydroxysultaine where the Ci6-₂o amidopropyl hydroxysultaine is preferably palmityl, stearyl amidopropyl hydroxysultaine or a mixture thereof, and most preferably, palmityl amidopropyl hydroxysultaine.

6. The isotropic wash composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the sultaine comprises 95 to 100% by weight of the Ci_6-2o amidopropyl hydroxysultaine, based on total weight of the sultaine.

7. The isotropic wash composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the Ci_6-2o sultaine comprises at least 80% by weight Ci₆ amidopropyl hydroxysultaine, based on the total weight of the sultaine, preferably wherein the Ci_6-2o amidopropyl hydroxysultaine is palmityl amidopropyl hydroxysultaine.

8. The isotropic wash composition according to any of the preceding claims wherein the composition comprises less than 8 wt% sulfated anionic surfactant, based on the total weight of the composition.

9. The isotropic wash composition according to any of the preceding claims wherein nonionic surfactant is present and makes up from 0.25 % to 6% by weight of the composition.

10. The isotropic wash composition according to claim 6 wherein the nonionic surfactant is an alkyl polyglucoside, cocamide monoethanolamine or a mixture thereof.

11 . The isotropic wash composition according to any of the preceding claims wherein the anionic surfactant comprises surfactant which is an isethionate, taurate, glutamate, glycinate, sulfonate or a mixture thereof.

12. The isotropic wash composition according to any of the preceding claims wherein the composition further comprises thymol, terpineol or a mixture thereof.

13. The isotropic wash composition according to any of the preceding claims wherein the composition further comprises niacinamide, 12-hydroxystearic acid, resorcinol or a mixture thereof.

14. The isotropic wash composition according to any of the preceding claims wherein the composition further comprises benzethonium chloride, benzalkonium chloride, cetrimonium chloride, zinc pyrithione, chloroxylenol, salicylic acid, citric acid, lactic acid, eugenol, terpineol, thymol, 1 ,2-hexandiol, 1 ,2-octanediol, selenium sulfide, piroctone olamine, hinokitiol, linalool, cinnamon oil, lemon grass oil, eucalyptus, vanilla extract, mint extract, orange extract, linseed oil, flaxseed oil, 1 ,2-nonanediol tetrahexyldecyl ascorbate, honokiol, hyaluronic acid, climbazole, linalool, anisic acid, levulinic acid, cetylpyridinium chloride, pyruvic acid, hemp seed oil, magnolia bark extract or a mixture thereof.

15. Use of an anionic surfactant comprising at least 42.5% by weight sulfate-based surfactant based on total weight of anionic surfactant, and zwitterionic surfactant comprising at least 27.5% by weight Ci₆-C₂o sultaine based on total weight of zwitterionic surfactant to produce a wash composition having a foam volume of at least 672 ml for alkoxylated anionic surfactants and at least 590 ml when the anionic surfactant is not alkoxylated (after 60 minutes of agitation in a Sita Foam R-2000 Analyzer) wherein total weight percent anionic surfactant and zwitterionic surfactant are at an anionic to zwitterionic weight ratio from 1 :1 or greater or 1.8:1 to 4:1 , and preferably, from 2:1 to 4:1 , and even more preferably, 2.2:1 to 3.8 :1 , and most preferably, from 2.4:1 to 3.6:1 or from 2.6:1 to 3.4:1 or from 3.8:1 to 3.2:1.