EP4718475A1 - Power cable with high-level content of materials coming from circular economy - Google Patents

Power cable with high-level content of materials coming from circular economy

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Publication number
EP4718475A1
EP4718475A1 EP24306584.4A EP24306584A EP4718475A1 EP 4718475 A1 EP4718475 A1 EP 4718475A1 EP 24306584 A EP24306584 A EP 24306584A EP 4718475 A1 EP4718475 A1 EP 4718475A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
make
total mass
power cable
coming
notably
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP24306584.4A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Christian Koelblin
Gabriele Perego
Christelle Mazel
Isabelle RANDLETT
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nexans SA
Original Assignee
Nexans SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nexans SA filed Critical Nexans SA
Priority to EP24306584.4A priority Critical patent/EP4718475A1/en
Priority to PCT/EP2025/077707 priority patent/WO2026068759A1/en
Publication of EP4718475A1 publication Critical patent/EP4718475A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
    • H01B1/02—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of metals or alloys
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)

Abstract

A power cable characterized in that the ratio of the total mass of the materials of the power cable used to make the power cable and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the materials used to make the power cable is at least 20%

Description

  • The invention relates to a power cable with high-level use of material(s) coming from circular economy. The invention relates to a power cable with high-level use of material(s) coming from feedstock(s) from circular economy source(s).
  • In the text, the expression "circular economy" refers to an economic system, i.e. a system by which a society organizes and allocates resources, that uses a systemic approach to maintain a circular flow of resources by recovering, retaining or adding to their value, while contributing to sustainable development.
  • The expression "sustainable development" refers to development that meets the environmental, social and economic needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. In circular economy, resources are considered concerning both stocks and flows, and the inflow of virgin resources is kept as low as possible, and the circular flow of resources is kept as closed as possible to minimize waste, losses and releases from the economic system. The long-term vision of circular economy is, by design, to provide appropriate solutions for the reduced, efficient and effective use of resources, and to prevent harmful releases, losses and environmental degradation, including climate change and biodiversity loss, when meeting societal needs.
  • One aim of the invention is to propose an electrical cable that complies with legal and regulatory requirements for environmental protection. But the invention also aims to propose an electrical cable that not only complies with the legal and regulatory provisions aimed at protecting the environment, but also displays technical performance that is at least maintained as compared with a cable that does not comply with these legal and regulatory provisions. But the invention also aims to propose an electric cable which complies with the legal and regulatory provisions aimed at environmental protection and/or which displays technical performance at least maintained as compared with a cable not satisfying these legal and regulatory provisions and which is also economically acceptable. The use of raw materials/feedstocks or semi-finished products at least partly based on materials coming from recycling processes or any other processes related with circular economy gains more and more importance. The invention aims a power cable, notably a low-voltage (LV) power cable, or a medium-voltage (MV) power cable or a high-voltage (HV) power cable or a very high-voltage (VHV) power cable or an extra high-voltage (EHV) power cable, wherein the materials used for making the power cable come partly (but to a large extent) or fully/completely from recycling processes and/or processes related to circular economy. Particularly, the invention aims a power cable, notably a low-voltage (LV) power cable, or a medium-voltage power cable or a high-voltage power cable or a very high-voltage (VHV) power cable or an extra high-voltage (EHV) power cable, comprising materials coming from recycling processes and/or processes related to circular economy in all the major elements or layers or systems composing said power cable. In the text, the expression "low-voltage" (LV) power cable refers to a power cable wherein the voltage between the conductors of two different phases of the power cable is low voltage, notably less than about 1 kV. In the text, the expression "medium-voltage" (MV) power cable refers to a power wherein the voltage between the conductors of two different phases of the power cable is medium voltage, notably between about 1 kV and about 35 kV. In the text, the expression "high-voltage" (HV) power cable refers to a power wherein the voltage between the conductors of two different phases of the power cable is high voltage, notably between about 35 kV and about 240 kV. In the text, the expression "very high-voltage" (VHV) power cable refers to a power wherein the voltage between the conductors of two different phases of the three-phase AC power cable is very high voltage, notably between about 240 kV and about 500 kV. In the text, the expression "extra high-voltage" (EHV) power cable refers to a power wherein the voltage between the conductors of two different phases of the three-phase AC power cable is extra high voltage, notably greater than about 500 kV, notably about 1000 kV.
  • The present invention relates to a power cable characterized in that the ratio of the total mass of the materials of the power cable used to make the power cable and coming from a circular economy source -notably from a feedstock coming from circular economy- to the total mass of the materials used to make the power cable is at least 1%, or at least 5%, or at least 10%, or at least 15%, and preferably at least 20%, or at least 30%, or at least 40%, or at least 50%, or at least 60%, or at least 70%, or at least 80%, or at least 90%,or about 100%, notably 100%.
  • According to the invention, the power cable is made partly or completely from material(s) coming from a circular economy source.
  • In other words, the cables according to the invention is made partly or completely from material(s) having a carbon footprint as low as possible and these cables have as such a carbon footprint as low as possible, which is at least partially obtained by making use of material(s) coming from a circular economy source.
  • In some embodiments, the power cable is a low-voltage (LV) power cable. In some embodiments, the power cable is a medium-voltage (MV) power cable. In some embodiments, the power cable is a high-voltage (HV) power cable or a very high-voltage (VHV) power cable or even an extra high-voltage (EHV) power cable.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the material(s) of the power cable used to make the power cable and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the material(s) used to make the power cable is at least 1%, or at least 2%, or at least 3%, or at least 4%, or at least 5%, or at least 6%, or at least 7%, or at least 8%, or at least 9%, or at least 10%, or at least 11%, or at least 12%, or at least 13%, or at least 14%, or at least 15%, or at least 16%, or at least 17%, or at least 18%, or at least 19%, or at least 20%, or at least 21%, or at least 22%, or at least 23%, or at least 24%, or at least 25%, or at least 26%, or at least 27%, or at least 28%, or at least 29%, or at least 30%, or at least 31%, or at least 32%, or at least 33%, or at least 34%, or at least 35%, or at least 36%, or at least 37%, or at least 38%, or at least 39%, or at least 40%, or at least 41%, or at least 42%, or at least 43%, or at least 44%, or at least 45%, or at least 46%, or at least 47%, or at least 48%, or at least 49%, or at least 50%, or at least 51%, or at least 52%, or at least 53%, or at least 54%, or at least 55%, or at least 56%, or at least 57%, or at least 58%, or at least 59%, or at least 60%, or at least 61%, or at least 62%, or at least 63%, or at least 64%, or at least 65%, or at least 66%, or at least 67%, or at least 68%, or at least 69%, or at least 70%, or at least 71%, or at least 72%, or at least 73%, or at least 74%, or at least 75%, or at least 76%, or at least 77%, or at least 78%, or at least 79%, or at least 80%, or at least 81%, or at least 82%, or at least 83%, or at least 84%, or at least 85%, or at least 86%, or at least 87%, or at least 88%, or at least 89%, or at least 90%, or at least 91%, or at least 92%, or at least 93%, or at least 94%, or at least 95%, or at least 96%, or at least 97%, or at least 98%, or at least 99%.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the material(s) of the power cable used to make the power cable and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the material(s) used to make the power cable is about 100%, notably 100%.
    • Power cable
  • In some embodiments, the power cable is of the type comprising at least one elongated current-conducting system comprising at least one elongated electric current-conducting metallic element, an insulating system covering the current-conducting system and an external sheath extending above the insulating system. In some embodiments, the power cable comprises at least one elongated current-conducting system comprising at least one elongated electric current-conducting metallic element, an insulating system covering the current-conducting system and at least one external sheath extending above the insulating system. In some embodiments, the insulating system is monolayered. In some other embodiments, the insulating system is multilayered.
    • Current-conducting system
  • In some embodiments, the power cable comprises at least one elongated current-conducting system comprising at least one elongated electric current-conducting metallic element. In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the material(s) of the elongated current-conducting system used to make the elongated current-conducting system and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the material(s) used to make the elongated current-conducting system is at least 1%, or at least 5%, or at least 10%, or at least 15%, or at least 20%, or about 100%, notably 100%.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the material(s) of the elongated current-conducting system used to make the elongated current-conducting system and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the material(s) used to make the elongated current-conducting system is at least 1%, or at least 2%, or at least 3%, or at least 4%, or at least 5%, or at least 6%, or at least 7%, or at least 8%, or at least 9%, or at least 10%, or at least 11%, or at least 12%, or at least 13%, or at least 14%, or at least 15%, or at least 16%, or at least 17%, or at least 18%, or at least 19%, or at least 20%, or at least 21%, or at least 22%, or at least 23%, or at least 24%, or at least 25%, or at least 26%, or at least 27%, or at least 28%, or at least 29%, or at least 30%, or at least 31%, or at least 32%, or at least 33%, or at least 34%, or at least 35%, or at least 36%, or at least 37%, or at least 38%, or at least 39%, or at least 40%, or at least 41%, or at least 42%, or at least 43%, or at least 44%, or at least 45%, or at least 46%, or at least 47%, or at least 48%, or at least 49%, or at least 50%, or at least 51%, or at least 52%, or at least 53%, or at least 54%, or at least 55%, or at least 56%, or at least 57%, or at least 58%, or at least 59%, or at least 60%, or at least 61%, or at least 62%, or at least 63%, or at least 64%, or at least 65%, or at least 66%, or at least 67%, or at least 68%, or at least 69%, or at least 70%, or at least 71%, or at least 72%, or at least 73%, or at least 74%, or at least 75%, or at least 76%, or at least 77%, or at least 78%, or at least 79%, or at least 80%, or at least 81%, or at least 82%, or at least 83%, or at least 84%, or at least 85%, or at least 86%, or at least 87%, or at least 88%, or at least 89%, or at least 90%, or at least 91%, or at least 92%, or at least 93%, or at least 94%, or at least 95%, or at least 96%, or at least 97%, or at least 98%, or at least 99%.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the material(s) of the elongated current-conducting system used to make the elongated current-conducting system and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the material(s) used to make the elongated current-conducting system is about 100%, notably 100%. In some embodiments, the elongated current-conducting system coming from a circular economy source is a reused elongated current-conducting system.
    • Current-conducting metallic element
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the material(s) of the elongated electric current-conducting metallic element used to make the elongated electric current-conducting metallic element and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the material(s) used to make the elongated electric current-conducting metallic element is at least 1%, or at least 5%, or at least 10%, or at least 15%, or at least 20%, or about 100%, notably 100%.
  • In some embodiments, the elongated electric current-conducting metallic element coming from a circular economy source is a reused elongated electric current-conducting metallic element.
  • In the present text, the terms "reuse", "reused", "reusing" encompass material(s) resulting from a process by which the material(s), during its expected service life, is(are) restored to a useful condition for the same purpose or slightly for the same purpose and with at least similar quality and performance characteristics.
  • In some embodiments, the elongated electric current-conducting metallic element coming from a circular economy source is a recycled elongated electric current-conducting metallic element. The elongated electric current-conducting metallic element can be recycled by any recycling process enabling recycling of the elongated electric current-conducting metallic element.
  • In the present text, the terms "recycle", "recycled", "recycling" encompass material(s) resulting from a process/activity to obtain recovered materials for use in a process or in a product, excluding energy recovery. Recycling can be mechanical recycling or chemical recycling. Processes/activities to obtain recovered resources include -but are not limited to- recovery, collection, transport, sorting, cleaning and re-processing. Re-processing includes -but is not limited to- mechanical grinding, filtering, pyrolysis, mechanical or chemical cleaning. In the text, recycling does not include reuse.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the material(s) of the elongated electric current-conducting metallic element used to make the elongated electric current-conducting metallic element and coming from a circular economy source -either reused or recycled- to the total mass of the material(s) used to make the elongated electric current-conducting metallic element is at least 1%, or at least 2%, or at least 3%, or at least 4%, or at least 5%, or at least 6%, or at least 7%, or at least 8%, or at least 9%, or at least 10%, or at least 11%, or at least 12%, or at least 13%, or at least 14%, or at least 15%, or at least 16%, or at least 17%, or at least 18%, or at least 19%, or at least 20%, or at least 21%, or at least 22%, or at least 23%, or at least 24%, or at least 25%, or at least 26%, or at least 27%, or at least 28%, or at least 29%, or at least 30%, or at least 31%, or at least 32%, or at least 33%, or at least 34%, or at least 35%, or at least 36%, or at least 37%, or at least 38%, or at least 39%, or at least 40%, or at least 41%, or at least 42%, or at least 43%, or at least 44%, or at least 45%, or at least 46%, or at least 47%, or at least 48%, or at least 49%, or at least 50%, or at least 51%, or at least 52%, or at least 53%, or at least 54%, or at least 55%, or at least 56%, or at least 57%, or at least 58%, or at least 59%, or at least 60%, or at least 61%, or at least 62%, or at least 63%, or at least 64%, or at least 65%, or at least 66%, or at least 67%, or at least 68%, or at least 69%, or at least 70%, or at least 71%, or at least 72%, or at least 73%, or at least 74%, or at least 75%, or at least 76%, or at least 77%, or at least 78%, or at least 79%, or at least 80%, or at least 81%, or at least 82%, or at least 83%, or at least 84%, or at least 85%, or at least 86%, or at least 87%, or at least 88%, or at least 89%, or at least 90%, or at least 91%, or at least 92%, or at least 93%, or at least 94%, or at least 95%, or at least 96%, or at least 97%, or at least 98%, or at least 99%.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the material(s) of the elongated electric current-conducting metallic element used to make the elongated electric current-conducting metallic element and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the material(s) used to make the elongated electric current-conducting metallic element is about 100%, notably 100%.
  • In some embodiments, the material(s) of the elongated electric current-conducting metallic element used to make the elongated electric current-conducting metallic element and coming from a circular economy source is(are) either reused or recycled material(s).
  • In these embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the either reused or recycled material(s) of the elongated electric current-conducting metallic element used to make the elongated electric current-conducting metallic element to the total mass of the material(s) used to make the elongated electric current-conducting metallic element is at least 1%, notably at least 20%, preferably about 100%, more preferably 100%.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the either reused or recycled material(s) of the elongated electric current-conducting metallic element used to make the elongated electric current-conducting metallic element to the total mass of the material(s) used to make the elongated electric current-conducting metallic element is at least 1%, or at least 2%, or at least 3%, or at least 4%, or at least 5%, or at least 6%, or at least 7%, or at least 8%, or at least 9%, or at least 10%, or at least 11%, or at least 12%, or at least 13%, or at least 14%, or at least 15%, or at least 16%, or at least 17%, or at least 18%, or at least 19%, or at least 20%, or at least 21%, or at least 22%, or at least 23%, or at least 24%, or at least 25%, or at least 26%, or at least 27%, or at least 28%, or at least 29%, or at least 30%, or at least 31%, or at least 32%, or at least 33%, or at least 34%, or at least 35%, or at least 36%, or at least 37%, or at least 38%, or at least 39%, or at least 40%, or at least 41%, or at least 42%, or at least 43%, or at least 44%, or at least 45%, or at least 46%, or at least 47%, or at least 48%, or at least 49%, or at least 50%, or at least 51%, or at least 52%, or at least 53%, or at least 54%, or at least 55%, or at least 56%, or at least 57%, or at least 58%, or at least 59%, or at least 60%, or at least 61%, or at least 62%, or at least 63%, or at least 64%, or at least 65%, or at least 66%, or at least 67%, or at least 68%, or at least 69%, or at least 70%, or at least 71%, or at least 72%, or at least 73%, or at least 74%, or at least 75%, or at least 76%, or at least 77%, or at least 78%, or at least 79%, or at least 80%, or at least 81%, or at least 82%, or at least 83%, or at least 84%, or at least 85%, or at least 86%, or at least 87%, or at least 88%, or at least 89%, or at least 90%, or at least 91%, or at least 92%, or at least 93%, or at least 94%, or at least 95%, or at least 96%, or at least 97%, or at least 98%, or at least 99%.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the either reused or recycled material(s) of the elongated electric current-conducting metallic element used to make the elongated electric current-conducting metallic element to the total mass of the material(s) used to make the elongated electric current-conducting metallic element is about 100%, notably 100%.
  • In some embodiments, the material of the elongated electric current-conducting metallic element is either reused or recycled aluminium, either reused or recycled aluminium-alloy, either reused or recycled copper, either reused or recycled copper-alloy or a combination thereof.
    • Heat transfer fluid(s), filling compound(s), water blocking compound(s) and semiconductive tape(s)
  • In some embodiments, the elongated current-conducting system comprising at least one component chosen among at least one heat transfer fluid, at least one filling compound, at least one water blocking compound and at least one semiconductive tape, at least one of the heat transfer fluid(s), of the filling compound(s), of the water blocking compound(s) and of the semiconductive tape(s) is made partly or completely from a feedstock coming from a circular economy source.
  • In some embodiments, the elongated current-conducting system comprising at least one component chosen among at least one heat transfer fluid, at least one filling compound, at least one water blocking compound and at least one semiconductive tape,
    the ratio of the total mass of the at least one of the heat transfer fluid(s), of the filling compound(s), of the water blocking compound(s) and of the semiconductive tape(s) of the elongated current-conducting system and used to make the elongated current-conducting system and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the at least one of the heat transfer fluid(s), of the filling compound(s), of the water blocking compound(s) and of the semiconductive tape(s) used to make the elongated electric current-conducting system is at least 1%, or at least 20%, or about 100%, notably 100%.
  • In some embodiments, at least one of the heat transfer fluid(s), the filling compound(s), the water blocking compound(s) and the semiconductive tape(s) is made partly or completely from a recycled material. In some embodiments, at least one of the heat transfer fluid(s), the filling compound(s), the water blocking compound(s) and the semiconductive tape(s) is made partly or completely from a reused material.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of at least one of the at least one heat transfer fluid, of the at least one filling compound, of the at least one water blocking compound and of the at least one semiconductive tape of the elongated current-conducting system and used to make the elongated current-conducting system and coming from a circular economy source, to the total mass of said at least one of the at least one heat transfer fluid, of the at least one filling compound, of the at least one water blocking compound and of the at least one semiconductive tape used to make the elongated electric current-conducting system is at least 1%, or at least 5%, or at least 10%, or at least 15%, or at least 20%, or about 100%, notably 100%.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the component(s) of the elongated current-conducting system and chosen among at least one heat transfer fluid, at least one filling compound, at least one water blocking compound and at least one semiconductive tape and used to make the elongated current-conducting system and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the component(s) used to make the elongated electric current-conducting system and chosen among at least one heat transfer fluid, at least one filling compound, at least one water blocking compound and at least one semiconductive tape is at least 1%, or at least 5%, or at least 10%, or at least 15%, or at least 20%, or about 100%, notably 100%.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the component(s) of the elongated current-conducting system and used to make the elongated current-conducting system and coming from a circular economy source, to the total mass of said component(s) used to make the elongated electric current-conducting system is at least 1%, or at least 2%, or at least 3%, or at least 4%, or at least 5%, or at least 6%, or at least 7%, or at least 8%, or at least 9%, or at least 10%, or at least 11%, or at least 12%, or at least 13%, or at least 14%, or at least 15%, or at least 16%, or at least 17%, or at least 18%, or at least 19%, or at least 20%, or at least 21%, or at least 22%, or at least 23%, or at least 24%, or at least 25%, or at least 26%, or at least 27%, or at least 28%, or at least 29%, or at least 30%, or at least 31%, or at least 32%, or at least 33%, or at least 34%, or at least 35%, or at least 36%, or at least 37%, or at least 38%, or at least 39%, or at least 40%, or at least 41%, or at least 42%, or at least 43%, or at least 44%, or at least 45%, or at least 46%, or at least 47%, or at least 48%, or at least 49%, or at least 50%, or at least 51%, or at least 52%, or at least 53%, or at least 54%, or at least 55%, or at least 56%, or at least 57%, or at least 58%, or at least 59%, or at least 60%, or at least 61%, or at least 62%, or at least 63%, or at least 64%, or at least 65%, or at least 66%, or at least 67%, or at least 68%, or at least 69%, or at least 70%, or at least 71%, or at least 72%, or at least 73%, or at least 74%, or at least 75%, or at least 76%, or at least 77%, or at least 78%, or at least 79%, or at least 80%, or at least 81%, or at least 82%, or at least 83%, or at least 84%, or at least 85%, or at least 86%, or at least 87%, or at least 88%, or at least 89%, or at least 90%, or at least 91%, or at least 92%, or at least 93%, or at least 94%, or at least 95%, or at least 96%, or at least 97%, or at least 98%, or at least 99%.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the component(s) of the elongated current-conducting system and used to make the elongated current-conducting system and coming from a circular economy source, to the total mass of said component(s) used to make the elongated electric current-conducting system is about 100%, notably 100%.
    • Heat transfer fluid(s)
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the material(s) used to make the at least one heat transfer fluid of the elongated current-conducting system and coming from a circular economy source -either reused or recycled- to the total mass of the material(s) used to make the at least one heat transfer fluid of the elongated current-conducting system is at least 1%, or at least 2%, or at least 3%, or at least 4%, or at least 5%, or at least 6%, or at least 7%, or at least 8%, or at least 9%, or at least 10%, or at least 11%, or at least 12%, or at least 13%, or at least 14%, or at least 15%, or at least 16%, or at least 17%, or at least 18%, or at least 19%, or at least 20%, or at least 21%, or at least 22%, or at least 23%, or at least 24%, or at least 25%, or at least 26%, or at least 27%, or at least 28%, or at least 29%, or at least 30%, or at least 31%, or at least 32%, or at least 33%, or at least 34%, or at least 35%, or at least 36%, or at least 37%, or at least 38%, or at least 39%, or at least 40%, or at least 41%, or at least 42%, or at least 43%, or at least 44%, or at least 45%, or at least 46%, or at least 47%, or at least 48%, or at least 49%, or at least 50%, or at least 51%, or at least 52%, or at least 53%, or at least 54%, or at least 55%, or at least 56%, or at least 57%, or at least 58%, or at least 59%, or at least 60%, or at least 61%, or at least 62%, or at least 63%, or at least 64%, or at least 65%, or at least 66%, or at least 67%, or at least 68%, or at least 69%, or at least 70%, or at least 71%, or at least 72%, or at least 73%, or at least 74%, or at least 75%, or at least 76%, or at least 77%, or at least 78%, or at least 79%, or at least 80%, or at least 81%, or at least 82%, or at least 83%, or at least 84%, or at least 85%, or at least 86%, or at least 87%, or at least 88%, or at least 89%, or at least 90%, or at least 91%, or at least 92%, or at least 93%, or at least 94%, or at least 95%, or at least 96%, or at least 97%, or at least 98%, or at least 99%.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the material(s) used to make the at least one heat transfer fluid of the elongated current-conducting system and coming from a circular economy source -either reused or recycled- to the total mass of the material(s) used to make the at least one heat transfer fluid of the elongated current-conducting system is about 100%, notably 100%.
    • Filling compound(s)
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the material(s) used to make the at least one filling compound of the elongated current-conducting system and coming from a circular economy source -either reused or recycled- to the total mass of the material(s) used to make the at least one filling compound of the elongated current-conducting system is at least 1%, or at least 2%, or at least 3%, or at least 4%, or at least 5%, or at least 6%, or at least 7%, or at least 8%, or at least 9%, or at least 10%, or at least 11%, or at least 12%, or at least 13%, or at least 14%, or at least 15%, or at least 16%, or at least 17%, or at least 18%, or at least 19%, or at least 20%, or at least 21%, or at least 22%, or at least 23%, or at least 24%, or at least 25%, or at least 26%, or at least 27%, or at least 28%, or at least 29%, or at least 30%, or at least 31%, or at least 32%, or at least 33%, or at least 34%, or at least 35%, or at least 36%, or at least 37%, or at least 38%, or at least 39%, or at least 40%, or at least 41%, or at least 42%, or at least 43%, or at least 44%, or at least 45%, or at least 46%, or at least 47%, or at least 48%, or at least 49%, or at least 50%, or at least 51%, or at least 52%, or at least 53%, or at least 54%, or at least 55%, or at least 56%, or at least 57%, or at least 58%, or at least 59%, or at least 60%, or at least 61%, or at least 62%, or at least 63%, or at least 64%, or at least 65%, or at least 66%, or at least 67%, or at least 68%, or at least 69%, or at least 70%, or at least 71%, or at least 72%, or at least 73%, or at least 74%, or at least 75%, or at least 76%, or at least 77%, or at least 78%, or at least 79%, or at least 80%, or at least 81%, or at least 82%, or at least 83%, or at least 84%, or at least 85%, or at least 86%, or at least 87%, or at least 88%, or at least 89%, or at least 90%, or at least 91%, or at least 92%, or at least 93%, or at least 94%, or at least 95%, or at least 96%, or at least 97%, or at least 98%, or at least 99%.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the material(s) used to make the at least one filling compound of the elongated current-conducting system and coming from a circular economy source -either reused or recycled- to the total mass of the material(s) used to make the at least one filling compound of the elongated current-conducting system is about 100%, notably 100%.
    • Water blocking compound(s)
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the material(s) used to make the at least one water blocking compound of the elongated current-conducting system and coming from a circular economy source -either reused or recycled- to the total mass of the material(s) used to make the at least one water blocking compound of the elongated current-conducting system is at least 1%, or at least 2%, or at least 3%, or at least 4%, or at least 5%, or at least 6%, or at least 7%, or at least 8%, or at least 9%, or at least 10%, or at least 11%, or at least 12%, or at least 13%, or at least 14%, or at least 15%, or at least 16%, or at least 17%, or at least 18%, or at least 19%, or at least 20%, or at least 21%, or at least 22%, or at least 23%, or at least 24%, or at least 25%, or at least 26%, or at least 27%, or at least 28%, or at least 29%, or at least 30%, or at least 31%, or at least 32%, or at least 33%, or at least 34%, or at least 35%, or at least 36%, or at least 37%, or at least 38%, or at least 39%, or at least 40%, or at least 41%, or at least 42%, or at least 43%, or at least 44%, or at least 45%, or at least 46%, or at least 47%, or at least 48%, or at least 49%, or at least 50%, or at least 51%, or at least 52%, or at least 53%, or at least 54%, or at least 55%, or at least 56%, or at least 57%, or at least 58%, or at least 59%, or at least 60%, or at least 61%, or at least 62%, or at least 63%, or at least 64%, or at least 65%, or at least 66%, or at least 67%, or at least 68%, or at least 69%, or at least 70%, or at least 71%, or at least 72%, or at least 73%, or at least 74%, or at least 75%, or at least 76%, or at least 77%, or at least 78%, or at least 79%, or at least 80%, or at least 81%, or at least 82%, or at least 83%, or at least 84%, or at least 85%, or at least 86%, or at least 87%, or at least 88%, or at least 89%, or at least 90%, or at least 91%, or at least 92%, or at least 93%, or at least 94%, or at least 95%, or at least 96%, or at least 97%, or at least 98%, or at least 99%.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the material(s) used to make the water blocking compound(s) of the elongated current-conducting system and coming from a circular economy source -either reused or recycled- to the total mass of the material's) used to make the water blocking compound(s) of the elongated current-conducting system is about 100%, notably 100%.
    • Semiconductive tape(s)
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the material(s) used to make the at least one semiconductive tape of the elongated current-conducting system and coming from a circular economy source -either reused or recycled- to the total mass of the material(s) used to make the at least one semiconductive tape of the elongated current-conducting system is at least 1%, or at least 2%, or at least 3%, or at least 4%, or at least 5%, or at least 6%, or at least 7%, or at least 8%, or at least 9%, or at least 10%, or at least 11%, or at least 12%, or at least 13%, or at least 14%, or at least 15%, or at least 16%, or at least 17%, or at least 18%, or at least 19%, or at least 20%, or at least 21%, or at least 22%, or at least 23%, or at least 24%, or at least 25%, or at least 26%, or at least 27%, or at least 28%, or at least 29%, or at least 30%, or at least 31%, or at least 32%, or at least 33%, or at least 34%, or at least 35%, or at least 36%, or at least 37%, or at least 38%, or at least 39%, or at least 40%, or at least 41%, or at least 42%, or at least 43%, or at least 44%, or at least 45%, or at least 46%, or at least 47%, or at least 48%, or at least 49%, or at least 50%, or at least 51%, or at least 52%, or at least 53%, or at least 54%, or at least 55%, or at least 56%, or at least 57%, or at least 58%, or at least 59%, or at least 60%, or at least 61%, or at least 62%, or at least 63%, or at least 64%, or at least 65%, or at least 66%, or at least 67%, or at least 68%, or at least 69%, or at least 70%, or at least 71%, or at least 72%, or at least 73%, or at least 74%, or at least 75%, or at least 76%, or at least 77%, or at least 78%, or at least 79%, or at least 80%, or at least 81%, or at least 82%, or at least 83%, or at least 84%, or at least 85%, or at least 86%, or at least 87%, or at least 88%, or at least 89%, or at least 90%, or at least 91%, or at least 92%, or at least 93%, or at least 94%, or at least 95%, or at least 96%, or at least 97%, or at least 98%, or at least 99%.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the material(s) used to make the at least one semiconductive tape of the elongated current-conducting system and coming from a circular economy source -either reused or recycled- to the total mass of the materials used to make the at least one semiconductive tape of the elongated current-conducting system is about 100%, notably 100%.
    • Insulating system
  • In some embodiments, the power cable is of the type comprising at least one elongated current-conducting system comprising at least one elongated electric current-conducting metallic element and an insulating system covering/surrounding the elongated current-conducting system. In some embodiments, the insulating system covering/surrounding the elongated current-conducting system is a monolayered insulating system or a multilayered insulating system.
  • In some embodiments, the power cable comprises an insulating system covering/surrounding an elongated current-conducting system comprising at least one elongated electric current-conducting metallic element, the ratio of the total mass of the material(s) of the insulating system used to make the insulating system and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the material(s) used to make the insulating system is at least 1%, or at least 5%, or at least 10%, or at least 15%, or at least 20%, or about 100%, notably 100%.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the material(s) of the insulating system used to make the insulating system and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the material(s) used to make the insulating system is at least 1%, or at least 2%, or at least 3%, or at least 4%, or at least 5%, or at least 6%, or at least 7%, or at least 8%, or at least 9%, or at least 10%, or at least 11%, or at least 12%, or at least 13%, or at least 14%, or at least 15%, or at least 16%, or at least 17%, or at least 18%, or at least 19%, or at least 20%, or at least 21%, or at least 22%, or at least 23%, or at least 24%, or at least 25%, or at least 26%, or at least 27%, or at least 28%, or at least 29%, or at least 30%, or at least 31%, or at least 32%, or at least 33%, or at least 34%, or at least 35%, or at least 36%, or at least 37%, or at least 38%, or at least 39%, or at least 40%, or at least 41%, or at least 42%, or at least 43%, or at least 44%, or at least 45%, or at least 46%, or at least 47%, or at least 48%, or at least 49%, or at least 50%, or at least 51%, or at least 52%, or at least 53%, or at least 54%, or at least 55%, or at least 56%, or at least 57%, or at least 58%, or at least 59%, or at least 60%, or at least 61%, or at least 62%, or at least 63%, or at least 64%, or at least 65%, or at least 66%, or at least 67%, or at least 68%, or at least 69%, or at least 70%, or at least 71%, or at least 72%, or at least 73%, or at least 74%, or at least 75%, or at least 76%, or at least 77%, or at least 78%, or at least 79%, or at least 80%, or at least 81%, or at least 82%, or at least 83%, or at least 84%, or at least 85%, or at least 86%, or at least 87%, or at least 88%, or at least 89%, or at least 90%, or at least 91%, or at least 92%, or at least 93%, or at least 94%, or at least 95%, or at least 96%, or at least 97%, or at least 98%, or at least 99%.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the material(s) of the insulating system used to make the insulating system and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the material(s) used to make the elongated current-conducting system is about 100%, notably 100%.
  • In some embodiments, the insulating system comprises an inner semiconductive layer applied around/covering the elongated current-conducting system, an insulating layer applied around/covering the inner semiconductive layer and an outer semiconductive layer applied around/covering the insulating layer.
    • Inner semiconductive layer - Polymer matrix
  • In some embodiments, the insulating system covering/surrounding the elongated current-conducting system comprises an inner semiconductive layer applied around/covering the elongated current-conducting system, the inner semiconductive layer comprising a polymer matrix obtained from a polymer composition,
    the ratio of the total mass of polymer(s) of the polymer composition used to make the inner semiconductive layer of the power cable and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the polymer(s) of the polymer composition used to make the inner semiconductive layer of the power cable is at least 1%, or at least 5%, or at least 10%, or at least 15%, or at least 20%, or about 100%, notably 100%.
  • In some embodiments, the polymer(s) of the polymer composition used to make the inner semiconductive layer of the power cable and coming from a circular economy source are coming partly or fully/completely from a chemical recycling process.
  • In the text, the expressions "chemical recycling" and "chemical recycling process" refer to a process wherein waste polymers are transformed back into recovered monomeric chemical substances which can be reused as raw monomer materials -notably after purification- in a polymerization process to form chemically recycled polymers with sustained performance and with no loss in properties.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the polymers of the polymer composition used to make the inner semiconductive layer of the power cable and coming from a circular economy source -preferably coming partly or fully/completely from a chemical recycling process- to the total mass of the polymers of the polymer composition used to make the inner semiconductive layer of the power cable is at least 1%, or at least 2%, or at least 3%, or at least 4%, or at least 5%, or at least 6%, or at least 7%, or at least 8%, or at least 9%, or at least 10%, or at least 11%, or at least 12%, or at least 13%, or at least 14%, or at least 15%, or at least 16%, or at least 17%, or at least 18%, or at least 19%, or at least 20%, or at least 21%, or at least 22%, or at least 23%, or at least 24%, or at least 25%, or at least 26%, or at least 27%, or at least 28%, or at least 29%, or at least 30%, or at least 31%, or at least 32%, or at least 33%, or at least 34%, or at least 35%, or at least 36%, or at least 37%, or at least 38%, or at least 39%, or at least 40%, or at least 41%, or at least 42%, or at least 43%, or at least 44%, or at least 45%, or at least 46%, or at least 47%, or at least 48%, or at least 49%, or at least 50%, or at least 51%, or at least 52%, or at least 53%, or at least 54%, or at least 55%, or at least 56%, or at least 57%, or at least 58%, or at least 59%, or at least 60%, or at least 61%, or at least 62%, or at least 63%, or at least 64%, or at least 65%, or at least 66%, or at least 67%, or at least 68%, or at least 69%, or at least 70%, or at least 71%, or at least 72%, or at least 73%, or at least 74%, or at least 75%, or at least 76%, or at least 77%, or at least 78%, or at least 79%, or at least 80%, or at least 81%, or at least 82%, or at least 83%, or at least 84%, or at least 85%, or at least 86%, or at least 87%, or at least 88%, or at least 89%, or at least 90%, or at least 91%, or at least 92%, or at least 93%, or at least 94%, or at least 95%, or at least 96%, or at least 97%, or at least 98%, or at least 99%.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the polymers of the polymer composition used to make the inner semiconductive layer of the power cable coming partly or fully/completely from a circular economy source - preferably coming partly or fully/completely from a mechanical recycling process- to the total mass of the polymers of the polymer composition used to make the inner semiconductive layer of the power cable is about 100%, notably 100%.
  • In some embodiments, the polymer(s) of the polymer composition used to make the inner semiconductive layer of the power cable and coming from a circular economy source are coming partly or completely from a mechanical recycling process.
  • In the text, the expressions "mechanical recycling" and "mechanical recycling process" refer to a process wherein polymers are reused or recycled without any modification of their chemical structure. A mechanical recycling generally implies a grinding of waste polymers (that does not affect the chemical structure of the polymer chains) typically followed by an optional washing of the grinded polymers (that allows to eliminate impurities without modifying the structure of the polymers).
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the polymers of the polymer composition used to make the inner semiconductive layer of the power cable and coming from a circular economy source -preferably coming partly or completely from a mechanical recycling process- to the total mass of the polymers of the polymer composition used to make the inner semiconductive layer of the power cable is at least 1%, or at least 2%, or at least 3%, or at least 4%, or at least 5%, or at least 6%, or at least 7%, or at least 8%, or at least 9%, or at least 10%, or at least 11%, or at least 12%, or at least 13%, or at least 14%, or at least 15%, or at least 16%, or at least 17%, or at least 18%, or at least 19%, or at least 20%, or at least 21%, or at least 22%, or at least 23%, or at least 24%, or at least 25%, or at least 26%, or at least 27%, or at least 28%, or at least 29%, or at least 30%, or at least 31%, or at least 32%, or at least 33%, or at least 34%, or at least 35%, or at least 36%, or at least 37%, or at least 38%, or at least 39%, or at least 40%, or at least 41%, or at least 42%, or at least 43%, or at least 44%, or at least 45%, or at least 46%, or at least 47%, or at least 48%, or at least 49%, or at least 50%, or at least 51%, or at least 52%, or at least 53%, or at least 54%, or at least 55%, or at least 56%, or at least 57%, or at least 58%, or at least 59%, or at least 60%, or at least 61%, or at least 62%, or at least 63%, or at least 64%, or at least 65%, or at least 66%, or at least 67%, or at least 68%, or at least 69%, or at least 70%, or at least 71%, or at least 72%, or at least 73%, or at least 74%, or at least 75%, or at least 76%, or at least 77%, or at least 78%, or at least 79%, or at least 80%, or at least 81%, or at least 82%, or at least 83%, or at least 84%, or at least 85%, or at least 86%, or at least 87%, or at least 88%, or at least 89%, or at least 90%, or at least 91%, or at least 92%, or at least 93%, or at least 94%, or at least 95%, or at least 96%, or at least 97%, or at least 98%, or at least 99%.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the polymers of the polymer composition used to make the inner semiconductive layer of the power cable and coming from a circular economy source -preferably coming partly or completely from a mechanical recycling process-, to the total mass of the polymers of the polymer composition used to make the inner semiconductive layer of the power cable is about 100%, notably 100%.
    • Inner semiconductive layer - Filler
  • In some embodiments, the insulating system covering/surrounding the current-conducting system comprises an inner semiconductive layer applied around/covering the elongated current-conducting system, the inner semiconductive layer comprising a filler dispersed in the polymer matrix of the inner semiconductive layer,
    the ratio of the total mass of the material(s) of the filler used to make the inner semiconductive layer of the power cable and coming from a circular economy source -notably coming from a chemical recycling process or coming from a mechanical recycling process- to the total mass of the filler used to make the inner semiconductive layer of the power cable is at least 1%, or at least 5%, or at least 10%, or at least 15%, or at least 20%, or about 100%, notably 100%.
  • In some embodiments, the filler used to make the inner semiconductive layer of the power cable and coming from a circular economy source is coming from a chemical recycling process.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the filler used to make the inner semiconductive layer of the power cable and coming from a circular economy source -notably coming from a chemical recycling process- to the total mass of the filler used to make the inner semiconductive layer of the power cable is at least 1%, or at least 2%, or at least 3%, or at least 4%, or at least 5%, or at least 6%, or at least 7%, or at least 8%, or at least 9%, or at least 10%, or at least 11%, or at least 12%, or at least 13%, or at least 14%, or at least 15%, or at least 16%, or at least 17%, or at least 18%, or at least 19%, or at least 20%, or at least 21%, or at least 22%, or at least 23%, or at least 24%, or at least 25%, or at least 26%, or at least 27%, or at least 28%, or at least 29%, or at least 30%, or at least 31%, or at least 32%, or at least 33%, or at least 34%, or at least 35%, or at least 36%, or at least 37%, or at least 38%, or at least 39%, or at least 40%, or at least 41%, or at least 42%, or at least 43%, or at least 44%, or at least 45%, or at least 46%, or at least 47%, or at least 48%, or at least 49%, or at least 50%, or at least 51%, or at least 52%, or at least 53%, or at least 54%, or at least 55%, or at least 56%, or at least 57%, or at least 58%, or at least 59%, or at least 60%, or at least 61%, or at least 62%, or at least 63%, or at least 64%, or at least 65%, or at least 66%, or at least 67%, or at least 68%, or at least 69%, or at least 70%, or at least 71%, or at least 72%, or at least 73%, or at least 74%, or at least 75%, or at least 76%, or at least 77%, or at least 78%, or at least 79%, or at least 80%, or at least 81%, or at least 82%, or at least 83%, or at least 84%, or at least 85%, or at least 86%, or at least 87%, or at least 88%, or at least 89%, or at least 90%, or at least 91%, or at least 92%, or at least 93%, or at least 94%, or at least 95%, or at least 96%, or at least 97%, or at least 98%, or at least 99%.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the filler used to make the inner semiconductive layer of the power cable and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the filler used to make the inner semiconductive layer of the power cable is about 100%, notably 100%.
  • In some embodiments, the filler comprises carbon black and the ratio of the total mass of carbon black used to make the inner semiconductive layer of the power cable and coming from a circular economy source -notably coming from a recycling process, or coming from a recycling process of waste oil(s), or coming from a chemical recycling process of oil(s) obtained from waste tyres pyrolysis- to the total mass of the carbon black of the polymer composition used to make the inner semiconductive layer of the power cable is about 100%, notably 100%.
  • Oil(s) from recycled tyres can possibly be added to the feed-stock in a carbon black production process to replace petroleum-derived naptha. The obtained carbon black is generally suitable for incorporation in an inner semiconductive layer of a power cable according to the invention.
    • Insulation layer
  • In some embodiments, the insulating system covering/surrounding the elongated current-conducting system comprises an insulating layer applied around/covering the inner semiconductive layer, the insulating layer is an insulating polymer layer obtained from an insulating polymer composition,
    the ratio of the total mass of the polymer(s) of the insulating polymer composition used to make the insulating layer of the power cable and coming from a circular economy source -notably coming from a chemical recycling process- to the total mass of the polymer(s) of the insulating polymer composition used to make the insulating layer of the power cable is at least 1%, or at least 5%, or at least 10%, or at least 15%, or at least 20%, or about 100%, notably 100%.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the polymers of the insulating polymer composition used to make the insulating layer of the power cable and coming from a circular economy source -notably coming from a chemical recycling process- to the total mass of the polymers of the insulating polymer composition used to make the insulating layer of the power cable is at least 1%, or at least 2%, or at least 3%, or at least 4%, or at least 5%, or at least 6%, or at least 7%, or at least 8%, or at least 9%, or at least 10%, or at least 11%, or at least 12%, or at least 13%, or at least 14%, or at least 15%, or at least 16%, or at least 17%, or at least 18%, or at least 19%, or at least 20%, or at least 21%, or at least 22%, or at least 23%, or at least 24%, or at least 25%, or at least 26%, or at least 27%, or at least 28%, or at least 29%, or at least 30%, or at least 31%, or at least 32%, or at least 33%, or at least 34%, or at least 35%, or at least 36%, or at least 37%, or at least 38%, or at least 39%, or at least 40%, or at least 41%, or at least 42%, or at least 43%, or at least 44%, or at least 45%, or at least 46%, or at least 47%, or at least 48%, or at least 49%, or at least 50%, or at least 51%, or at least 52%, or at least 53%, or at least 54%, or at least 55%, or at least 56%, or at least 57%, or at least 58%, or at least 59%, or at least 60%, or at least 61%, or at least 62%, or at least 63%, or at least 64%, or at least 65%, or at least 66%, or at least 67%, or at least 68%, or at least 69%, or at least 70%, or at least 71%, or at least 72%, or at least 73%, or at least 74%, or at least 75%, or at least 76%, or at least 77%, or at least 78%, or at least 79%, or at least 80%, or at least 81%, or at least 82%, or at least 83%, or at least 84%, or at least 85%, or at least 86%, or at least 87%, or at least 88%, or at least 89%, or at least 90%, or at least 91%, or at least 92%, or at least 93%, or at least 94%, or at least 95%, or at least 96%, or at least 97%, or at least 98%, or at least 99%.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the polymers of the insulating polymer composition used to make the insulating layer of the power cable and coming from a circular economy source -notably coming from a chemical recycling process- to the total mass of the polymers of the insulating polymer composition used to make the insulating layer of the power cable is about 100%, notably 100%.
  • The polymers coming from a chemical recycling process guarantee a sufficient level of performance of the insulation layer supporting the main dielectric stress of the cable.
  • In some embodiments, the power cable being a mass-impregnated power cable, the insulating system covering/surrounding the elongated current-conducting system comprises an insulating layer applied around/covering the inner semiconductive layer, the insulating layer comprises at least one oil of high viscosity coming from a circular economy source and of high level of cleanliness,
    the ratio of the total mass of the at least one oil of high viscosity and high level of cleanliness used to make the insulating layer of the power cable and coming from a circular economy source -notably coming from a chemical recycling process- to the total mass of the at least one oil of high viscosity used to make the insulating layer of the power cable is at least 1%, or at least 5%, or at least 10%, or at least 15%, or at least 20%, or about 100%, notably 100%.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the at least one oil of high viscosity and high level of cleanliness used to make the insulating layer of the power cable and coming from a circular economy source -notably coming from a chemical recycling process- to the total mass of the at least one oil of high viscosity used to make the insulating layer of the power cable is at least 1%, or at least 2%, or at least 3%, or at least 4%, or at least 5%, or at least 6%, or at least 7%, or at least 8%, or at least 9%, or at least 10%, or at least 11%, or at least 12%, or at least 13%, or at least 14%, or at least 15%, or at least 16%, or at least 17%, or at least 18%, or at least 19%, or at least 20%, or at least 21%, or at least 22%, or at least 23%, or at least 24%, or at least 25%, or at least 26%, or at least 27%, or at least 28%, or at least 29%, or at least 30%, or at least 31%, or at least 32%, or at least 33%, or at least 34%, or at least 35%, or at least 36%, or at least 37%, or at least 38%, or at least 39%, or at least 40%, or at least 41%, or at least 42%, or at least 43%, or at least 44%, or at least 45%, or at least 46%, or at least 47%, or at least 48%, or at least 49%, or at least 50%, or at least 51%, or at least 52%, or at least 53%, or at least 54%, or at least 55%, or at least 56%, or at least 57%, or at least 58%, or at least 59%, or at least 60%, or at least 61%, or at least 62%, or at least 63%, or at least 64%, or at least 65%, or at least 66%, or at least 67%, or at least 68%, or at least 69%, or at least 70%, or at least 71%, or at least 72%, or at least 73%, or at least 74%, or at least 75%, or at least 76%, or at least 77%, or at least 78%, or at least 79%, or at least 80%, or at least 81%, or at least 82%, or at least 83%, or at least 84%, or at least 85%, or at least 86%, or at least 87%, or at least 88%, or at least 89%, or at least 90%, or at least 91%, or at least 92%, or at least 93%, or at least 94%, or at least 95%, or at least 96%, or at least 97%, or at least 98%, or at least 99%.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the at least one oil of high viscosity and high level of cleanliness used to make the insulating layer of the power cable and coming from a circular economy source -notably coming from a chemical recycling process- to the total mass of the at least one oil of high viscosity used to make the insulating layer of the power cable is about 100%, notably 100%. In this embodiment, the at least one oil of high viscosity and high level of cleanliness used to make the insulating layer of the power cable is made from feedstock at least partly (partly or fully/completely) based on circular economy.
  • In some embodiments, the power cable being a mass-impregnated power cable, the insulating system covering/surrounding the elongated current-conducting system comprises an insulating layer applied around/covering the inner semiconductive layer, the insulating layer comprises at least one insulating film and/or paper of high level of cleanliness and/or coming from a circular economy source,
    the ratio of the total mass of the insulating film and/or paper with high level of cleanliness and/or coming from a circular economy source -notably coming from a chemical recycling process- and used to make the insulating layer of the power cable to the total mass of insulating film and/or paper used to make the insulating layer of the power cable is at least 1%, or at least 5%, or at least 10%, or at least 15%, or at least 20%, or about 100%, notably 100%.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the insulating film and/or paper with high level of cleanliness and/or coming from a circular economy source -notably coming from a chemical recycling process- and used to make the insulating layer of the power to the total mass of the insulating film and/or paper used to make the insulating layer of the power cable is at least 1%, or at least 2%, or at least 3%, or at least 4%, or at least 5%, or at least 6%, or at least 7%, or at least 8%, or at least 9%, or at least 10%, or at least 11%, or at least 12%, or at least 13%, or at least 14%, or at least 15%, or at least 16%, or at least 17%, or at least 18%, or at least 19%, or at least 20%, or at least 21%, or at least 22%, or at least 23%, or at least 24%, or at least 25%, or at least 26%, or at least 27%, or at least 28%, or at least 29%, or at least 30%, or at least 31%, or at least 32%, or at least 33%, or at least 34%, or at least 35%, or at least 36%, or at least 37%, or at least 38%, or at least 39%, or at least 40%, or at least 41%, or at least 42%, or at least 43%, or at least 44%, or at least 45%, or at least 46%, or at least 47%, or at least 48%, or at least 49%, or at least 50%, or at least 51%, or at least 52%, or at least 53%, or at least 54%, or at least 55%, or at least 56%, or at least 57%, or at least 58%, or at least 59%, or at least 60%, or at least 61%, or at least 62%, or at least 63%, or at least 64%, or at least 65%, or at least 66%, or at least 67%, or at least 68%, or at least 69%, or at least 70%, or at least 71%, or at least 72%, or at least 73%, or at least 74%, or at least 75%, or at least 76%, or at least 77%, or at least 78%, or at least 79%, or at least 80%, or at least 81%, or at least 82%, or at least 83%, or at least 84%, or at least 85%, or at least 86%, or at least 87%, or at least 88%, or at least 89%, or at least 90%, or at least 91%, or at least 92%, or at least 93%, or at least 94%, or at least 95%, or at least 96%, or at least 97%, or at least 98%, or at least 99%.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the insulating film with high level of cleanliness used to make the insulating layer of the power cable and coming from a circular economy source -notably coming from a chemical recycling process- to the total mass of the insulating film or paper used to make the insulating layer of the power cable is about 100%, notably 100%. In this embodiment, the insulating film with high level of cleanliness used to make the insulating layer of the power cable is made from feedstock at least partly (partly or fully/completely) coming from a circular economy source - notably coming from a chemical recycling process-.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the paper used to make the insulating layer of the power cable and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the paper with used to make the insulating layer of the power cable is about 100%, notably 100%. In this embodiment, the paper used to make the insulating layer of the power cable is made from feedstock at least partly (partly or completely) coming from a circular economy source.
    • Outer semiconductive layer - Polymer matrix
  • In some embodiments, the insulating system covering/surrounding the current-conducting system comprises an outer semiconductive layer applied around/covering the insulating layer, the outer semiconductive layer comprising a polymer matrix obtained from a polymer composition,
    the ratio of the total mass of the polymer(s) of the polymer composition used to make the outer semiconductive layer of the power cable and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the polymer(s) of the polymer composition used to make the outer semiconductive layer of the power cable is at least 1%, or at least 5%, or at least 10%, or at least 15%, or at least 20%, or about 100%, notably 100%.
  • In some embodiments, the polymers of the polymer composition used to make the outer semiconductive layer of the power cable and coming from a circular economy source are coming from a chemical recycling process.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the polymers of the polymer composition used to make the outer semiconductive layer of the power cable and coming from a circular economy source -notably coming from a chemical recycling process- to the total mass of the polymers of the polymer composition used to make the outer semiconductive layer of the power cable is at least 1%, or at least 2%, or at least 3%, or at least 4%, or at least 5%, or at least 6%, or at least 7%, or at least 8%, or at least 9%, or at least 10%, or at least 11%, or at least 12%, or at least 13%, or at least 14%, or at least 15%, or at least 16%, or at least 17%, or at least 18%, or at least 19%, or at least 20%, or at least 21%, or at least 22%, or at least 23%, or at least 24%, or at least 25%, or at least 26%, or at least 27%, or at least 28%, or at least 29%, or at least 30%, or at least 31%, or at least 32%, or at least 33%, or at least 34%, or at least 35%, or at least 36%, or at least 37%, or at least 38%, or at least 39%, or at least 40%, or at least 41%, or at least 42%, or at least 43%, or at least 44%, or at least 45%, or at least 46%, or at least 47%, or at least 48%, or at least 49%, or at least 50%, or at least 51%, or at least 52%, or at least 53%, or at least 54%, or at least 55%, or at least 56%, or at least 57%, or at least 58%, or at least 59%, or at least 60%, or at least 61%, or at least 62%, or at least 63%, or at least 64%, or at least 65%, or at least 66%, or at least 67%, or at least 68%, or at least 69%, or at least 70%, or at least 71%, or at least 72%, or at least 73%, or at least 74%, or at least 75%, or at least 76%, or at least 77%, or at least 78%, or at least 79%, or at least 80%, or at least 81%, or at least 82%, or at least 83%, or at least 84%, or at least 85%, or at least 86%, or at least 87%, or at least 88%, or at least 89%, or at least 90%, or at least 91%, or at least 92%, or at least 93%, or at least 94%, or at least 95%, or at least 96%, or at least 97%, or at least 98%, or at least 99%.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the polymers of the polymer composition used to make the outer semiconductive layer of the power cable and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the polymers of the polymer composition used to make the outer semiconductive layer of the power cable is about 100%, notably 100%.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the polymers of the polymer composition used to make the outer semiconductive layer of the power cable and coming from a chemical recycling process to the total mass of the polymers of the polymer composition used to make the outer semiconductive layer of the power cable is about 100%, notably 100%.
    • Outer semiconductive layer - Filler
  • In some embodiments, the insulating system covering/surrounding the current-conducting system comprises an outer semiconductive layer applied around/covering the insulating layer, the outer semiconductive layer comprising a filler dispersed in the polymer matrix of the outer semiconductive layer,
    the ratio of the total mass of the material(s) of the filler used to make the outer semiconductive layer of the power cable and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the filler used to make the outer semiconductive layer of the power cable is at least 1%, or at least 5%, or at least 10%, or at least 15%, or at least 20%, or about 100%, notably 100%.
  • In some embodiments, the filler comprises carbon black and the ratio of the total mass of carbon black used to make the outer semiconductive layer of the power cable and coming from a circular economy source -notably coming from a recycling process, or coming from a recycling process of waste oil(s), or coming from a recycling process of oil(s) obtained from waste tyres pyrolysis to the total mass of the carbon black of the polymer composition used to make the outer semiconductive layer of the power cable is about 100%, notably 100%.
  • In some embodiments, the filler used to make the outer semiconductive layer of the power cable and coming from a circular economy source is coming from a chemical recycling process.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the filler used to make the outer semiconductive layer of the power cable and coming from a circular economy source -notably coming from a chemical recycling process- to the total mass of the filler used to make the outer semiconductive layer of the power cable is at least 1%, or at least 2%, or at least 3%, or at least 4%, or at least 5%, or at least 6%, or at least 7%, or at least 8%, or at least 9%, or at least 10%, or at least 11%, or at least 12%, or at least 13%, or at least 14%, or at least 15%, or at least 16%, or at least 17%, or at least 18%, or at least 19%, or at least 20%, or at least 21%, or at least 22%, or at least 23%, or at least 24%, or at least 25%, or at least 26%, or at least 27%, or at least 28%, or at least 29%, or at least 30%, or at least 31%, or at least 32%, or at least 33%, or at least 34%, or at least 35%, or at least 36%, or at least 37%, or at least 38%, or at least 39%, or at least 40%, or at least 41%, or at least 42%, or at least 43%, or at least 44%, or at least 45%, or at least 46%, or at least 47%, or at least 48%, or at least 49%, or at least 50%, or at least 51%, or at least 52%, or at least 53%, or at least 54%, or at least 55%, or at least 56%, or at least 57%, or at least 58%, or at least 59%, or at least 60%, or at least 61%, or at least 62%, or at least 63%, or at least 64%, or at least 65%, or at least 66%, or at least 67%, or at least 68%, or at least 69%, or at least 70%, or at least 71%, or at least 72%, or at least 73%, or at least 74%, or at least 75%, or at least 76%, or at least 77%, or at least 78%, or at least 79%, or at least 80%, or at least 81%, or at least 82%, or at least 83%, or at least 84%, or at least 85%, or at least 86%, or at least 87%, or at least 88%, or at least 89%, or at least 90%, or at least 91%, or at least 92%, or at least 93%, or at least 94%, or at least 95%, or at least 96%, or at least 97%, or at least 98%, or at least 99%.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the filler used to make the outer semiconductive layer of the power cable and coming from a chemical recycling process to the total mass of the polymers of the polymer composition used to make the outer semiconductive layer of the power cable is about 100%, notably 100%.
    • Tape(s) applied above the outer semiconductive layer
  • In some embodiments, the power cable comprises an insulating system covering the current-conducting system and at least one tape applied above the outer semiconductive layer of the insulating system,
    characterized in that the ratio of the total mass of the materials of the at least one tape applied above the outer semiconductive layer used to make the at least one tape and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the materials used to make the at least one tape is at least 1%, or at least 5%, or at least 10%, or at least 15%, or at least 20%, or about 100%, notably 100%.
  • In some embodiments, at least one tape applied above the outer semiconductive layer being a tape of at least one polymer material, the ratio of the total mass of the polymer material(s) of the at least one tape applied above the outer semiconductive layer used to make the at least one tape and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the polymer material(s) used to make the at least one tape is at least 1%, or at least 5%, or at least 10%, or at least 15%, or at least 20%, or about 100%, notably 100%.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the polymer material(s) of the at least one tape applied above the outer semiconductive layer used to make the at least one tape and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the polymer material(s) used to make the at least one tape is at least 1%, or at least 2%, or at least 3%, or at least 4%, or at least 5%, or at least 6%, or at least 7%, or at least 8%, or at least 9%, or at least 10%, or at least 11%, or at least 12%, or at least 13%, or at least 14%, or at least 15%, or at least 16%, or at least 17%, or at least 18%, or at least 19%, or at least 20%, or at least 21%, or at least 22%, or at least 23%, or at least 24%, or at least 25%, or at least 26%, or at least 27%, or at least 28%, or at least 29%, or at least 30%, or at least 31%, or at least 32%, or at least 33%, or at least 34%, or at least 35%, or at least 36%, or at least 37%, or at least 38%, or at least 39%, or at least 40%, or at least 41%, or at least 42%, or at least 43%, or at least 44%, or at least 45%, or at least 46%, or at least 47%, or at least 48%, or at least 49%, or at least 50%, or at least 51%, or at least 52%, or at least 53%, or at least 54%, or at least 55%, or at least 56%, or at least 57%, or at least 58%, or at least 59%, or at least 60%, or at least 61%, or at least 62%, or at least 63%, or at least 64%, or at least 65%, or at least 66%, or at least 67%, or at least 68%, or at least 69%, or at least 70%, or at least 71%, or at least 72%, or at least 73%, or at least 74%, or at least 75%, or at least 76%, or at least 77%, or at least 78%, or at least 79%, or at least 80%, or at least 81%, or at least 82%, or at least 83%, or at least 84%, or at least 85%, or at least 86%, or at least 87%, or at least 88%, or at least 89%, or at least 90%, or at least 91%, or at least 92%, or at least 93%, or at least 94%, or at least 95%, or at least 96%, or at least 97%, or at least 98%, or at least 99%.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the polymer material(s) of the at least one tape applied above the outer semiconductive layer used to make the at least one tape and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the polymer material(s) used to make the at least one tape is about 100%, notably 100%.
  • In some embodiments, at least one tape applied above the outer semiconductive layer being a tape of at least one woven material, the ratio of the total mass of the woven material(s) of the at least one tape applied above the outer semiconductive layer used to make the at least one tape and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the woven material(s) used to make the at least one tape is at least 1%, or at least 5%, or at least 10%, or at least 15%, or at least 20%, or about 100%, notably 100%.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the woven material(s) of the at least one tape applied above the outer semiconductive layer used to make the at least one tape and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the woven material(s) used to make the at least one tape is at least 1%, or at least 2%, or at least 3%, or at least 4%, or at least 5%, or at least 6%, or at least 7%, or at least 8%, or at least 9%, or at least 10%, or at least 11%, or at least 12%, or at least 13%, or at least 14%, or at least 15%, or at least 16%, or at least 17%, or at least 18%, or at least 19%, or at least 20%, or at least 21%, or at least 22%, or at least 23%, or at least 24%, or at least 25%, or at least 26%, or at least 27%, or at least 28%, or at least 29%, or at least 30%, or at least 31%, or at least 32%, or at least 33%, or at least 34%, or at least 35%, or at least 36%, or at least 37%, or at least 38%, or at least 39%, or at least 40%, or at least 41%, or at least 42%, or at least 43%, or at least 44%, or at least 45%, or at least 46%, or at least 47%, or at least 48%, or at least 49%, or at least 50%, or at least 51%, or at least 52%, or at least 53%, or at least 54%, or at least 55%, or at least 56%, or at least 57%, or at least 58%, or at least 59%, or at least 60%, or at least 61%, or at least 62%, or at least 63%, or at least 64%, or at least 65%, or at least 66%, or at least 67%, or at least 68%, or at least 69%, or at least 70%, or at least 71%, or at least 72%, or at least 73%, or at least 74%, or at least 75%, or at least 76%, or at least 77%, or at least 78%, or at least 79%, or at least 80%, or at least 81%, or at least 82%, or at least 83%, or at least 84%, or at least 85%, or at least 86%, or at least 87%, or at least 88%, or at least 89%, or at least 90%, or at least 91%, or at least 92%, or at least 93%, or at least 94%, or at least 95%, or at least 96%, or at least 97%, or at least 98%, or at least 99%.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the woven material(s) of the at least one tape applied above the outer semiconductive layer used to make the at least one tape and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the woven material(s) used to make the at least one tape is about 100%, notably 100%.
  • In some embodiments, at least one tape applied above the outer semiconductive layer being a tape of at least one non-woven material, the ratio of the total mass of the non-woven material(s) of the at least one tape applied above the outer semiconductive layer used to make the at least one tape and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the non-woven material(s) used to make the at least one tape is at least 1%, or at least 5%, or at least 10%, or at least 15%, or at least 20%, or about 100%, notably 100%.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the non-woven material(s) of the at least one tape applied above the outer semiconductive layer used to make the at least one tape and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the non-woven material(s) used to make the at least one tape is at least 1%, or at least 2%, or at least 3%, or at least 4%, or at least 5%, or at least 6%, or at least 7%, or at least 8%, or at least 9%, or at least 10%, or at least 11%, or at least 12%, or at least 13%, or at least 14%, or at least 15%, or at least 16%, or at least 17%, or at least 18%, or at least 19%, or at least 20%, or at least 21%, or at least 22%, or at least 23%, or at least 24%, or at least 25%, or at least 26%, or at least 27%, or at least 28%, or at least 29%, or at least 30%, or at least 31%, or at least 32%, or at least 33%, or at least 34%, or at least 35%, or at least 36%, or at least 37%, or at least 38%, or at least 39%, or at least 40%, or at least 41%, or at least 42%, or at least 43%, or at least 44%, or at least 45%, or at least 46%, or at least 47%, or at least 48%, or at least 49%, or at least 50%, or at least 51%, or at least 52%, or at least 53%, or at least 54%, or at least 55%, or at least 56%, or at least 57%, or at least 58%, or at least 59%, or at least 60%, or at least 61%, or at least 62%, or at least 63%, or at least 64%, or at least 65%, or at least 66%, or at least 67%, or at least 68%, or at least 69%, or at least 70%, or at least 71%, or at least 72%, or at least 73%, or at least 74%, or at least 75%, or at least 76%, or at least 77%, or at least 78%, or at least 79%, or at least 80%, or at least 81%, or at least 82%, or at least 83%, or at least 84%, or at least 85%, or at least 86%, or at least 87%, or at least 88%, or at least 89%, or at least 90%, or at least 91%, or at least 92%, or at least 93%, or at least 94%, or at least 95%, or at least 96%, or at least 97%, or at least 98%, or at least 99%.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the non-woven material(s) of the at least one tape applied above the outer semiconductive layer used to make the at least one tape and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the non-woven material(s) used to make the at least one tape is about 100%, notably 100%.
  • In some embodiments, at least one tape applied above the outer semiconductive layer being a tape of at least one swelling material, the ratio of the total mass of the swelling material(s) of the at least one tape applied above the outer semiconductive layer used to make the at least one tape and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the swelling material(s) used to make the at least one tape is at least 1%, or at least 5%, or at least 10%, or at least 15%, or at least 20%, or about 100%, notably 100%.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the swelling material(s) of the at least one tape applied above the outer semiconductive layer used to make the at least one tape and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the swelling material(s) used to make the at least one tape is at least 1%, or at least 2%, or at least 3%, or at least 4%, or at least 5%, or at least 6%, or at least 7%, or at least 8%, or at least 9%, or at least 10%, or at least 11%, or at least 12%, or at least 13%, or at least 14%, or at least 15%, or at least 16%, or at least 17%, or at least 18%, or at least 19%, or at least 20%, or at least 21%, or at least 22%, or at least 23%, or at least 24%, or at least 25%, or at least 26%, or at least 27%, or at least 28%, or at least 29%, or at least 30%, or at least 31%, or at least 32%, or at least 33%, or at least 34%, or at least 35%, or at least 36%, or at least 37%, or at least 38%, or at least 39%, or at least 40%, or at least 41%, or at least 42%, or at least 43%, or at least 44%, or at least 45%, or at least 46%, or at least 47%, or at least 48%, or at least 49%, or at least 50%, or at least 51%, or at least 52%, or at least 53%, or at least 54%, or at least 55%, or at least 56%, or at least 57%, or at least 58%, or at least 59%, or at least 60%, or at least 61%, or at least 62%, or at least 63%, or at least 64%, or at least 65%, or at least 66%, or at least 67%, or at least 68%, or at least 69%, or at least 70%, or at least 71%, or at least 72%, or at least 73%, or at least 74%, or at least 75%, or at least 76%, or at least 77%, or at least 78%, or at least 79%, or at least 80%, or at least 81%, or at least 82%, or at least 83%, or at least 84%, or at least 85%, or at least 86%, or at least 87%, or at least 88%, or at least 89%, or at least 90%, or at least 91%, or at least 92%, or at least 93%, or at least 94%, or at least 95%, or at least 96%, or at least 97%, or at least 98%, or at least 99%.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the swelling material(s) of the at least one tape applied above the outer semiconductive layer used to make the at least one tape and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the swelling material(s) used to make the at least one tape is about 100%, notably 100%.
  • In some embodiments, at least one tape applied above the outer semiconductive layer being a tape of at least one non-swelling material, the ratio of the total mass of the non-swelling material(s) of the at least one tape applied above the outer semiconductive layer used to make the at least one tape and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the non-swelling material(s) used to make the at least one tape is at least 1%, or at least 5%, or at least 10%, or at least 15%, or at least 20%, or about 100%, notably 100%.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the non-swelling material(s) of the at least one tape applied above the outer semiconductive layer used to make the at least one tape and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the non-swelling material(s) used to make the at least one tape is at least 1%, or at least 2%, or at least 3%, or at least 4%, or at least 5%, or at least 6%, or at least 7%, or at least 8%, or at least 9%, or at least 10%, or at least 11%, or at least 12%, or at least 13%, or at least 14%, or at least 15%, or at least 16%, or at least 17%, or at least 18%, or at least 19%, or at least 20%, or at least 21%, or at least 22%, or at least 23%, or at least 24%, or at least 25%, or at least 26%, or at least 27%, or at least 28%, or at least 29%, or at least 30%, or at least 31%, or at least 32%, or at least 33%, or at least 34%, or at least 35%, or at least 36%, or at least 37%, or at least 38%, or at least 39%, or at least 40%, or at least 41%, or at least 42%, or at least 43%, or at least 44%, or at least 45%, or at least 46%, or at least 47%, or at least 48%, or at least 49%, or at least 50%, or at least 51%, or at least 52%, or at least 53%, or at least 54%, or at least 55%, or at least 56%, or at least 57%, or at least 58%, or at least 59%, or at least 60%, or at least 61%, or at least 62%, or at least 63%, or at least 64%, or at least 65%, or at least 66%, or at least 67%, or at least 68%, or at least 69%, or at least 70%, or at least 71%, or at least 72%, or at least 73%, or at least 74%, or at least 75%, or at least 76%, or at least 77%, or at least 78%, or at least 79%, or at least 80%, or at least 81%, or at least 82%, or at least 83%, or at least 84%, or at least 85%, or at least 86%, or at least 87%, or at least 88%, or at least 89%, or at least 90%, or at least 91%, or at least 92%, or at least 93%, or at least 94%, or at least 95%, or at least 96%, or at least 97%, or at least 98%, or at least 99%.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the non-swelling material(s) of the at least one tape applied above the outer semiconductive layer used to make the at least one tape and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the non-swelling material(s) used to make the at least one tape is about 100%, notably 100%.
  • In some embodiments, at least one tape applied above the outer semiconductive layer being a tape of at least one textile fibers material, the ratio of the total mass of the textile fibers material(s) of the at least one tape applied above the outer semiconductive layer used to make the at least one tape and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the textile fibers material(s) used to make the at least one tape is at least 1%, or at least 5%, or at least 10%, or at least 15%, or at least 20%, or about 100%, notably 100%.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the textile fibers material(s) of the at least one tape applied above the outer semiconductive layer used to make the at least one tape and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the textile fibers material(s) used to make the at least one tape is at least 1%, or at least 2%, or at least 3%, or at least 4%, or at least 5%, or at least 6%, or at least 7%, or at least 8%, or at least 9%, or at least 10%, or at least 11%, or at least 12%, or at least 13%, or at least 14%, or at least 15%, or at least 16%, or at least 17%, or at least 18%, or at least 19%, or at least 20%, or at least 21%, or at least 22%, or at least 23%, or at least 24%, or at least 25%, or at least 26%, or at least 27%, or at least 28%, or at least 29%, or at least 30%, or at least 31%, or at least 32%, or at least 33%, or at least 34%, or at least 35%, or at least 36%, or at least 37%, or at least 38%, or at least 39%, or at least 40%, or at least 41%, or at least 42%, or at least 43%, or at least 44%, or at least 45%, or at least 46%, or at least 47%, or at least 48%, or at least 49%, or at least 50%, or at least 51%, or at least 52%, or at least 53%, or at least 54%, or at least 55%, or at least 56%, or at least 57%, or at least 58%, or at least 59%, or at least 60%, or at least 61%, or at least 62%, or at least 63%, or at least 64%, or at least 65%, or at least 66%, or at least 67%, or at least 68%, or at least 69%, or at least 70%, or at least 71%, or at least 72%, or at least 73%, or at least 74%, or at least 75%, or at least 76%, or at least 77%, or at least 78%, or at least 79%, or at least 80%, or at least 81%, or at least 82%, or at least 83%, or at least 84%, or at least 85%, or at least 86%, or at least 87%, or at least 88%, or at least 89%, or at least 90%, or at least 91%, or at least 92%, or at least 93%, or at least 94%, or at least 95%, or at least 96%, or at least 97%, or at least 98%, or at least 99%.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the textile fibers material(s) of the at least one tape applied above the outer semiconductive layer used to make the at least one tape and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the textile fibers material(s) used to make the at least one tape is about 100%, notably 100%.
    • Screening and armouring
  • In some embodiments, the power cable comprising at least one metallic screen made in at least one metallic element used for screening purpose, the ratio of the total mass of the metallic element(s) used for screening purpose to make the at least one metallic screen and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the materials used to make the at least one metallic screen is at least 1%, or at least 5%, or at least 10%, or at least 15%, or at least 20%, or about 100%, notably 100%.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the metallic element(s) used for screening purpose to make the at least one metallic screen and coming from a circular economy source -notably coming from a recycled source or coming from a reused source- to the total mass of the materials used to make the at least one metallic screen is at least 1%, or at least 2%, or at least 3%, or at least 4%, or at least 5%, or at least 6%, or at least 7%, or at least 8%, or at least 9%, or at least 10%, or at least 11%, or at least 12%, or at least 13%, or at least 14%, or at least 15%, or at least 16%, or at least 17%, or at least 18%, or at least 19%, or at least 20%, or at least 21%, or at least 22%, or at least 23%, or at least 24%, or at least 25%, or at least 26%, or at least 27%, or at least 28%, or at least 29%, or at least 30%, or at least 31%, or at least 32%, or at least 33%, or at least 34%, or at least 35%, or at least 36%, or at least 37%, or at least 38%, or at least 39%, or at least 40%, or at least 41%, or at least 42%, or at least 43%, or at least 44%, or at least 45%, or at least 46%, or at least 47%, or at least 48%, or at least 49%, or at least 50%, or at least 51%, or at least 52%, or at least 53%, or at least 54%, or at least 55%, or at least 56%, or at least 57%, or at least 58%, or at least 59%, or at least 60%, or at least 61%, or at least 62%, or at least 63%, or at least 64%, or at least 65%, or at least 66%, or at least 67%, or at least 68%, or at least 69%, or at least 70%, or at least 71%, or at least 72%, or at least 73%, or at least 74%, or at least 75%, or at least 76%, or at least 77%, or at least 78%, or at least 79%, or at least 80%, or at least 81%, or at least 82%, or at least 83%, or at least 84%, or at least 85%, or at least 86%, or at least 87%, or at least 88%, or at least 89%, or at least 90%, or at least 91%, or at least 92%, or at least 93%, or at least 94%, or at least 95%, or at least 96%, or at least 97%, or at least 98%, or at least 99%.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the metallic element(s) used for screening purpose to make the at least one metallic screen and coming from a circular economy source -notably coming from a recycled source or coming from a reused source- to the total mass of the materials used to make the at least one metallic screen is about 100%, notably 100%.
  • In some embodiments, the power cable comprising at least one metallic wire made in at least one metallic element used for armouring purpose, the ratio of the total mass of the metallic element(s) used for armouring purpose to make the at least one metallic wire and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the materials used to make the at least one metallic screen is at least 1%, or at least 5%, or at least 10%, or at least 15%, or at least 20%, or about 100%, notably 100%.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the metallic element(s) used for armouring purpose to make the at least one metallic wire and coming from a circular economy source -notably coming from a recycled source or coming from a reused source- to the total mass of the metallic element(s) used to make the at least one metallic wire is at least 1%, or at least 2%, or at least 3%, or at least 4%, or at least 5%, or at least 6%, or at least 7%, or at least 8%, or at least 9%, or at least 10%, or at least 11%, or at least 12%, or at least 13%, or at least 14%, or at least 15%, or at least 16%, or at least 17%, or at least 18%, or at least 19%, or at least 20%, or at least 21%, or at least 22%, or at least 23%, or at least 24%, or at least 25%, or at least 26%, or at least 27%, or at least 28%, or at least 29%, or at least 30%, or at least 31%, or at least 32%, or at least 33%, or at least 34%, or at least 35%, or at least 36%, or at least 37%, or at least 38%, or at least 39%, or at least 40%, or at least 41%, or at least 42%, or at least 43%, or at least 44%, or at least 45%, or at least 46%, or at least 47%, or at least 48%, or at least 49%, or at least 50%, or at least 51%, or at least 52%, or at least 53%, or at least 54%, or at least 55%, or at least 56%, or at least 57%, or at least 58%, or at least 59%, or at least 60%, or at least 61%, or at least 62%, or at least 63%, or at least 64%, or at least 65%, or at least 66%, or at least 67%, or at least 68%, or at least 69%, or at least 70%, or at least 71%, or at least 72%, or at least 73%, or at least 74%, or at least 75%, or at least 76%, or at least 77%, or at least 78%, or at least 79%, or at least 80%, or at least 81%, or at least 82%, or at least 83%, or at least 84%, or at least 85%, or at least 86%, or at least 87%, or at least 88%, or at least 89%, or at least 90%, or at least 91%, or at least 92%, or at least 93%, or at least 94%, or at least 95%, or at least 96%, or at least 97%, or at least 98%, or at least 99%.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the metallic element(s) used for armouring purpose to make the at least one metallic wire and coming from a circular economy source -notably coming from a recycled source or coming from a reused source- to the total mass of the materials used to make the at least one metallic wire is about 100%, notably 100%.
    • External protective sheath
  • In some embodiments, the power cable comprises an external protective sheath. In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the material(s) used to make the external protective sheath and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the material(s) used to make the external protective sheath is at least 1%, or at least 5%, or at least 10%, or at least 15%, or at least 20%, or about 100%, notably 100%.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the material(s) used to make the external protective sheath and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the material(s) used to make the external protective sheath is at least 1%, or at least 2%, or at least 3%, or at least 4%, or at least 5%, or at least 6%, or at least 7%, or at least 8%, or at least 9%, or at least 10%, or at least 11%, or at least 12%, or at least 13%, or at least 14%, or at least 15%, or at least 16%, or at least 17%, or at least 18%, or at least 19%, or at least 20%, or at least 21%, or at least 22%, or at least 23%, or at least 24%, or at least 25%, or at least 26%, or at least 27%, or at least 28%, or at least 29%, or at least 30%, or at least 31%, or at least 32%, or at least 33%, or at least 34%, or at least 35%, or at least 36%, or at least 37%, or at least 38%, or at least 39%, or at least 40%, or at least 41%, or at least 42%, or at least 43%, or at least 44%, or at least 45%, or at least 46%, or at least 47%, or at least 48%, or at least 49%, or at least 50%, or at least 51%, or at least 52%, or at least 53%, or at least 54%, or at least 55%, or at least 56%, or at least 57%, or at least 58%, or at least 59%, or at least 60%, or at least 61%, or at least 62%, or at least 63%, or at least 64%, or at least 65%, or at least 66%, or at least 67%, or at least 68%, or at least 69%, or at least 70%, or at least 71%, or at least 72%, or at least 73%, or at least 74%, or at least 75%, or at least 76%, or at least 77%, or at least 78%, or at least 79%, or at least 80%, or at least 81%, or at least 82%, or at least 83%, or at least 84%, or at least 85%, or at least 86%, or at least 87%, or at least 88%, or at least 89%, or at least 90%, or at least 91%, or at least 92%, or at least 93%, or at least 94%, or at least 95%, or at least 96%, or at least 97%, or at least 98%, or at least 99%.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the material(s) used to make the external protective sheath and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the material(s) used to make the external protective sheath is about 100%, notably 100%.
    • Polymeric layer of the external protective sheath
  • In some embodiments, the external protective sheath comprises at least one polymeric layer. In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the polymer material(s) used to make the polymeric layer(s) of the external protective sheath and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the polymer material(s) used to make the polymeric layer of the external protective sheath is/are, independently of each other, at least 1%, or at least 5%, or at least 10%, or at least 15%, or at least 20%, or about 100%, notably 100%.
  • In some embodiments, the external protective sheath comprising a plurality of polymeric layer, at least one or all polymeric layer(s) comprise(s) at least one polymer material(s) coming from a circular economy source. In some embodiments, the external protective sheath comprising a plurality of polymeric layer, the polymeric layer(s) comprising at least one polymer material(s) coming from a circular economy source present(s) distinct or equal ratios of polymer material(s) coming from a circular economy source.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the polymer material(s) used to make at least one polymeric layer of the external protective sheath and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the polymer material(s) used to make at least one polymeric layer of the external protective sheath is at least 1%, or at least 2%, or at least 3%, or at least 4%, or at least 5%, or at least 6%, or at least 7%, or at least 8%, or at least 9%, or at least 10%, or at least 11%, or at least 12%, or at least 13%, or at least 14%, or at least 15%, or at least 16%, or at least 17%, or at least 18%, or at least 19%, or at least 20%, or at least 21%, or at least 22%, or at least 23%, or at least 24%, or at least 25%, or at least 26%, or at least 27%, or at least 28%, or at least 29%, or at least 30%, or at least 31%, or at least 32%, or at least 33%, or at least 34%, or at least 35%, or at least 36%, or at least 37%, or at least 38%, or at least 39%, or at least 40%, or at least 41%, or at least 42%, or at least 43%, or at least 44%, or at least 45%, or at least 46%, or at least 47%, or at least 48%, or at least 49%, or at least 50%, or at least 51%, or at least 52%, or at least 53%, or at least 54%, or at least 55%, or at least 56%, or at least 57%, or at least 58%, or at least 59%, or at least 60%, or at least 61%, or at least 62%, or at least 63%, or at least 64%, or at least 65%, or at least 66%, or at least 67%, or at least 68%, or at least 69%, or at least 70%, or at least 71%, or at least 72%, or at least 73%, or at least 74%, or at least 75%, or at least 76%, or at least 77%, or at least 78%, or at least 79%, or at least 80%, or at least 81%, or at least 82%, or at least 83%, or at least 84%, or at least 85%, or at least 86%, or at least 87%, or at least 88%, or at least 89%, or at least 90%, or at least 91%, or at least 92%, or at least 93%, or at least 94%, or at least 95%, or at least 96%, or at least 97%, or at least 98%, or at least 99%.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the polymer material(s) used to make the at least one polymeric layer of the external protective sheath and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the polymeric material(s) used to make the polymeric layer of the external protective sheath is about 100%, notably 100%.
    • Pigments, Fillers and Additives of the Polymeric layer of the external protective sheath
  • In some embodiments, the polymeric layer of the external protective sheath comprises at least one compound chosen among at least one pigment, at least one filler and at least one additive.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the pigment(s) used to make the polymeric layer of the external protective sheath and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the pigment(s) used to make the polymeric layer of the external protective sheath is at least 1%, or at least 5%, or at least 10%, or at least 15%, or at least 20%, or about 100%, notably 100%.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the pigment(s) used to make the polymeric layer of the external protective sheath and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the pigment(s) used to make the polymeric layer of the external protective sheath is at least 1%, or at least 2%, or at least 3%, or at least 4%, or at least 5%, or at least 6%, or at least 7%, or at least 8%, or at least 9%, or at least 10%, or at least 11%, or at least 12%, or at least 13%, or at least 14%, or at least 15%, or at least 16%, or at least 17%, or at least 18%, or at least 19%, or at least 20%, or at least 21%, or at least 22%, or at least 23%, or at least 24%, or at least 25%, or at least 26%, or at least 27%, or at least 28%, or at least 29%, or at least 30%, or at least 31%, or at least 32%, or at least 33%, or at least 34%, or at least 35%, or at least 36%, or at least 37%, or at least 38%, or at least 39%, or at least 40%, or at least 41%, or at least 42%, or at least 43%, or at least 44%, or at least 45%, or at least 46%, or at least 47%, or at least 48%, or at least 49%, or at least 50%, or at least 51%, or at least 52%, or at least 53%, or at least 54%, or at least 55%, or at least 56%, or at least 57%, or at least 58%, or at least 59%, or at least 60%, or at least 61%, or at least 62%, or at least 63%, or at least 64%, or at least 65%, or at least 66%, or at least 67%, or at least 68%, or at least 69%, or at least 70%, or at least 71%, or at least 72%, or at least 73%, or at least 74%, or at least 75%, or at least 76%, or at least 77%, or at least 78%, or at least 79%, or at least 80%, or at least 81%, or at least 82%, or at least 83%, or at least 84%, or at least 85%, or at least 86%, or at least 87%, or at least 88%, or at least 89%, or at least 90%, or at least 91%, or at least 92%, or at least 93%, or at least 94%, or at least 95%, or at least 96%, or at least 97%, or at least 98%, or at least 99%.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the pigment(s) used to make the polymeric layer of the external protective sheath and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the pigment (s) used to make the polymeric layer of the external protective sheath is about 100%, notably 100%.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the filler(s) used to make the polymeric layer of the external protective sheath and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the filler(s) used to make the polymeric layer of the external protective sheath is at least 1%, or at least 5%, or at least 10%, or at least 15%, or at least 20%, or about 100%, notably 100%.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the filler(s) used to make the polymeric layer of the external protective sheath and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the filler(s) used to make the polymeric layer of the external protective sheath is at least 1%, or at least 2%, or at least 3%, or at least 4%, or at least 5%, or at least 6%, or at least 7%, or at least 8%, or at least 9%, or at least 10%, or at least 11%, or at least 12%, or at least 13%, or at least 14%, or at least 15%, or at least 16%, or at least 17%, or at least 18%, or at least 19%, or at least 20%, or at least 21%, or at least 22%, or at least 23%, or at least 24%, or at least 25%, or at least 26%, or at least 27%, or at least 28%, or at least 29%, or at least 30%, or at least 31%, or at least 32%, or at least 33%, or at least 34%, or at least 35%, or at least 36%, or at least 37%, or at least 38%, or at least 39%, or at least 40%, or at least 41%, or at least 42%, or at least 43%, or at least 44%, or at least 45%, or at least 46%, or at least 47%, or at least 48%, or at least 49%, or at least 50%, or at least 51%, or at least 52%, or at least 53%, or at least 54%, or at least 55%, or at least 56%, or at least 57%, or at least 58%, or at least 59%, or at least 60%, or at least 61%, or at least 62%, or at least 63%, or at least 64%, or at least 65%, or at least 66%, or at least 67%, or at least 68%, or at least 69%, or at least 70%, or at least 71%, or at least 72%, or at least 73%, or at least 74%, or at least 75%, or at least 76%, or at least 77%, or at least 78%, or at least 79%, or at least 80%, or at least 81%, or at least 82%, or at least 83%, or at least 84%, or at least 85%, or at least 86%, or at least 87%, or at least 88%, or at least 89%, or at least 90%, or at least 91%, or at least 92%, or at least 93%, or at least 94%, or at least 95%, or at least 96%, or at least 97%, or at least 98%, or at least 99%.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the filler(s) used to make the polymeric layer of the external protective sheath and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the filler(s) used to make the polymeric layer of the external protective sheath is about 100%, notably 100%.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the additive(s) used to make the polymeric layer of the external protective sheath and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the additive(s) used to make the polymeric layer of the external protective sheath is at least 1%, or at least 5%, or at least 10%, or at least 15%, or at least 20%, or about 100%, notably 100%.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the additive(s) used to make the polymeric layer of the external protective sheath and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the additive(s) used to make the polymeric layer of the external protective sheath is at least 1%, or at least 2%, or at least 3%, or at least 4%, or at least 5%, or at least 6%, or at least 7%, or at least 8%, or at least 9%, or at least 10%, or at least 11%, or at least 12%, or at least 13%, or at least 14%, or at least 15%, or at least 16%, or at least 17%, or at least 18%, or at least 19%, or at least 20%, or at least 21%, or at least 22%, or at least 23%, or at least 24%, or at least 25%, or at least 26%, or at least 27%, or at least 28%, or at least 29%, or at least 30%, or at least 31%, or at least 32%, or at least 33%, or at least 34%, or at least 35%, or at least 36%, or at least 37%, or at least 38%, or at least 39%, or at least 40%, or at least 41%, or at least 42%, or at least 43%, or at least 44%, or at least 45%, or at least 46%, or at least 47%, or at least 48%, or at least 49%, or at least 50%, or at least 51%, or at least 52%, or at least 53%, or at least 54%, or at least 55%, or at least 56%, or at least 57%, or at least 58%, or at least 59%, or at least 60%, or at least 61%, or at least 62%, or at least 63%, or at least 64%, or at least 65%, or at least 66%, or at least 67%, or at least 68%, or at least 69%, or at least 70%, or at least 71%, or at least 72%, or at least 73%, or at least 74%, or at least 75%, or at least 76%, or at least 77%, or at least 78%, or at least 79%, or at least 80%, or at least 81%, or at least 82%, or at least 83%, or at least 84%, or at least 85%, or at least 86%, or at least 87%, or at least 88%, or at least 89%, or at least 90%, or at least 91%, or at least 92%, or at least 93%, or at least 94%, or at least 95%, or at least 96%, or at least 97%, or at least 98%, or at least 99%.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the additive(s) used to make the polymeric layer of the external protective sheath and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the additive(s) used to make the polymeric layer of the external protective sheath is about 100%, notably 100%.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the pigment(s), filler(s) and additive(s) used to make the polymeric layer of the external protective sheath and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the pigment(s), filler(s) and additive(s) used to make the polymeric layer of the external protective sheath is at least 1%, or at least 5%, or at least 10%, or at least 15%, or at least 20%, or about 100%, notably 100%.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the pigment(s), filler(s) and additive(s) used to make the polymeric layer of the external protective sheath and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the pigment(s), filler(s) and additive(s) used to make the polymeric layer of the external protective sheath is at least 1%, or at least 2%, or at least 3%, or at least 4%, or at least 5%, or at least 6%, or at least 7%, or at least 8%, or at least 9%, or at least 10%, or at least 11%, or at least 12%, or at least 13%, or at least 14%, or at least 15%, or at least 16%, or at least 17%, or at least 18%, or at least 19%, or at least 20%, or at least 21%, or at least 22%, or at least 23%, or at least 24%, or at least 25%, or at least 26%, or at least 27%, or at least 28%, or at least 29%, or at least 30%, or at least 31%, or at least 32%, or at least 33%, or at least 34%, or at least 35%, or at least 36%, or at least 37%, or at least 38%, or at least 39%, or at least 40%, or at least 41%, or at least 42%, or at least 43%, or at least 44%, or at least 45%, or at least 46%, or at least 47%, or at least 48%, or at least 49%, or at least 50%, or at least 51%, or at least 52%, or at least 53%, or at least 54%, or at least 55%, or at least 56%, or at least 57%, or at least 58%, or at least 59%, or at least 60%, or at least 61%, or at least 62%, or at least 63%, or at least 64%, or at least 65%, or at least 66%, or at least 67%, or at least 68%, or at least 69%, or at least 70%, or at least 71%, or at least 72%, or at least 73%, or at least 74%, or at least 75%, or at least 76%, or at least 77%, or at least 78%, or at least 79%, or at least 80%, or at least 81%, or at least 82%, or at least 83%, or at least 84%, or at least 85%, or at least 86%, or at least 87%, or at least 88%, or at least 89%, or at least 90%, or at least 91%, or at least 92%, or at least 93%, or at least 94%, or at least 95%, or at least 96%, or at least 97%, or at least 98%, or at least 99%.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the pigment(s), filler(s) and additive(s) used to make the polymeric layer of the external protective sheath and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the pigment(s), filler(s) and additive(s) used to make the polymeric layer of the external protective sheath is about 100%, notably 100%.
    • Outermost Semiconductive Layer
  • In some embodiments, the power cable comprises an outermost semiconductive layer. In some embodiments, the power cable comprises an outermost semiconductive layer extending on the polymeric layer of the external protective sheath.
  • In some embodiments, the power cable comprises an outermost semiconductive layer, the outermost semiconductive layer comprising a polymer matrix obtained from a polymer composition,
    the ratio of the total mass of the polymer(s) of the polymer composition used to make the outermost semiconductive layer of the power cable and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the polymer(s) of the polymer composition used to make the outermost semiconductive layer of the power cable is at least 1%, or at least 5%, or at least 10%, or at least 15%, or at least 20%, or about 100%, notably 100%.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the polymer(s) of the polymer composition used to make the polymer matrix of the outermost semiconductive layer and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the polymer(s) of the polymer composition used to make the polymer matrix of the outermost semiconductive layer is at least 1%, or at least 2%, or at least 3%, or at least 4%, or at least 5%, or at least 6%, or at least 7%, or at least 8%, or at least 9%, or at least 10%, or at least 11%, or at least 12%, or at least 13%, or at least 14%, or at least 15%, or at least 16%, or at least 17%, or at least 18%, or at least 19%, or at least 20%, or at least 21%, or at least 22%, or at least 23%, or at least 24%, or at least 25%, or at least 26%, or at least 27%, or at least 28%, or at least 29%, or at least 30%, or at least 31%, or at least 32%, or at least 33%, or at least 34%, or at least 35%, or at least 36%, or at least 37%, or at least 38%, or at least 39%, or at least 40%, or at least 41%, or at least 42%, or at least 43%, or at least 44%, or at least 45%, or at least 46%, or at least 47%, or at least 48%, or at least 49%, or at least 50%, or at least 51%, or at least 52%, or at least 53%, or at least 54%, or at least 55%, or at least 56%, or at least 57%, or at least 58%, or at least 59%, or at least 60%, or at least 61%, or at least 62%, or at least 63%, or at least 64%, or at least 65%, or at least 66%, or at least 67%, or at least 68%, or at least 69%, or at least 70%, or at least 71%, or at least 72%, or at least 73%, or at least 74%, or at least 75%, or at least 76%, or at least 77%, or at least 78%, or at least 79%, or at least 80%, or at least 81%, or at least 82%, or at least 83%, or at least 84%, or at least 85%, or at least 86%, or at least 87%, or at least 88%, or at least 89%, or at least 90%, or at least 91%, or at least 92%, or at least 93%, or at least 94%, or at least 95%, or at least 96%, or at least 97%, or at least 98%, or at least 99%.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the polymer(s) of the polymer composition used to make the polymer matrix of the outermost semiconductive layer and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the polymer(s) of the polymer composition used to make the polymer composition of the outermost semiconductive layer is about 100%, notably 100%.
  • In some embodiments, the outermost semiconductive layer comprises at least one filler -notably carbon black- dispersed in the polymer matrix obtained from the polymer composition,
    the ratio of the total mass of the filler(s) -notably the total mass of carbon black-dispersed in the polymer matrix used to make the outermost semiconductive layer of the power cable and coming from feedstock from a circular economy source to the total mass of the filler(s) -notably to the total mass of carbon black- dispersed in the polymer matrix used to make the outermost semiconductive layer of the power cable is at least 1%, or at least 5%, or at least 10%, or at least 15%, or at least 20%, or about 100%, notably 100%.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the filler(s) -notably the total mass of carbon black- dispersed in the polymer matrix used to make the outermost semiconductive layer of the power cable and coming from feedstock from a circular economy source to the total mass of the filler(s) - notably to the total mass of carbon black- dispersed in the polymer matrix used to make the outermost semiconductive layer of the power cable is at least 1%, or at least 2%, or at least 3%, or at least 4%, or at least 5%, or at least 6%, or at least 7%, or at least 8%, or at least 9%, or at least 10%, or at least 11%, or at least 12%, or at least 13%, or at least 14%, or at least 15%, or at least 16%, or at least 17%, or at least 18%, or at least 19%, or at least 20%, or at least 21%, or at least 22%, or at least 23%, or at least 24%, or at least 25%, or at least 26%, or at least 27%, or at least 28%, or at least 29%, or at least 30%, or at least 31%, or at least 32%, or at least 33%, or at least 34%, or at least 35%, or at least 36%, or at least 37%, or at least 38%, or at least 39%, or at least 40%, or at least 41%, or at least 42%, or at least 43%, or at least 44%, or at least 45%, or at least 46%, or at least 47%, or at least 48%, or at least 49%, or at least 50%, or at least 51%, or at least 52%, or at least 53%, or at least 54%, or at least 55%, or at least 56%, or at least 57%, or at least 58%, or at least 59%, or at least 60%, or at least 61%, or at least 62%, or at least 63%, or at least 64%, or at least 65%, or at least 66%, or at least 67%, or at least 68%, or at least 69%, or at least 70%, or at least 71%, or at least 72%, or at least 73%, or at least 74%, or at least 75%, or at least 76%, or at least 77%, or at least 78%, or at least 79%, or at least 80%, or at least 81%, or at least 82%, or at least 83%, or at least 84%, or at least 85%, or at least 86%, or at least 87%, or at least 88%, or at least 89%, or at least 90%, or at least 91%, or at least 92%, or at least 93%, or at least 94%, or at least 95%, or at least 96%, or at least 97%, or at least 98%, or at least 99%.
  • In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the filler(s) -notably the total mass of carbon black- dispersed in the polymer matrix used to make the outermost semiconductive layer of the power cable and coming from feedstock from a circular economy source to the total mass of the filler(s) - notably to the total mass of carbon black- dispersed in the polymer matrix used to make the outermost semiconductive layer of the power cable is about 100%, notably 100%.
  • In some embodiments, the filler dispersed in the polymer matrix used to make the outermost semiconductive layer of the power cable comprises carbon black and the ratio of the total mass of carbon black used to make the outer semiconductive layer of the power cable and coming from a circular economy source -notably coming from a recycling process, or coming from a recycling process of waste oil(s), or coming from a recycling process of oil(s) obtained from waste tyres pyrolysis to the total mass of the carbon black of the polymer composition used to make the outer semiconductive layer of the power cable is about 100%, notably 100%.
  • In some embodiments, the power cable is a three-phase AC power cable.
  • In some embodiments, the power cable being a low-voltage (LV) power cable, the ratio of the total mass of material(s) of the low-voltage (LV) power cable coming from a circular economy source used to make the low-voltage (LV) power cable to the total mass of the material(s) of the low-voltage (LV) power cable is greater than 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80% or 90%, notably about 100%.
  • In some embodiments, the power cable being a medium-voltage (MV) power cable, the ratio of the total mass of material(s) of the medium-voltage (MV) power cable coming from a circular economy source used to make the medium-voltage (MV) power cable to the total mass of the material(s) of the medium-voltage (MV) power cable is greater than 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80% or 90%, notably about 100%.
  • In some embodiments, the power cable being a high-voltage (HV) or very high voltage (VHV) or extra high-voltage (EHV) power cable, the ratio of the total mass of material(s) of the high-voltage (LV), very high voltage (VHV) or extra high-voltage (EHV) power cable coming from a circular economy source used to make the high-voltage (LV), very high voltage (VHV) or extra high-voltage (EHV) power cable to the total mass of the material(s) of the high-voltage (LV), very high voltage (VHV) or extra high-voltage (EHV) power cable is greater than 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80% or 90%, notably about 100%.
  • In some embodiments, the power cable being a power cable (LV or MV or HV or VHV or EHV) comprising at least one elongated current-conducting system comprising at least one elongated electric current-conducting metallic element, an insulating system covering/surrounding the elongated current-conducting system, and optionally an external sheath covering/surrounding the insulating system,
    for at least two systems chosen among:
    • the at least one elongated current-conducting system comprising at least one elongated electric current-conducting metallic element,
    • the insulating system covering the elongated current-conducting system, and
    • the external sheath extending above the insulating system,
    • the ratio of the total mass of the material(s) used to make each of the at least two systems and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the material(s) used to make each of the at least two systems is at least 10%, or at least 20%, or at least 30%, or at least 40%, or at least 50%, or at least 60%, or at least 70%, or at least 80%, or at least 90%, or about 100%.
  • In some embodiments, the power cable being a power cable comprising at least one elongated current-conducting system comprising at least one elongated electric current-conducting metallic element, an insulating system covering/surrounding the elongated current-conducting system, and optionally an external sheath system covering/surrounding the insulating system,
    for each of the systems:
    • the at least one elongated current-conducting system comprising at least one elongated electric current-conducting metallic element,
    • the insulating system covering the elongated current-conducting system, and the optional external sheath system extending above (covering/surrounding) the insulating system,
    • the ratio of the total mass of the materials used to make each of the systems and coming from a circular economy source, to the total mass of the materials used to make each of the three systems is at least 10%, or at least 20%, or at least 30%, or at least 40%, or at least 50%, or at least 60%, or at least 70%, or at least 80%, or at least 90%, or about 100%.
  • In some embodiments, the power cable is designed for an easy recycling after its end of life. In some of these embodiments, the power cable is ecodesigned to ensure a good separation of its layers for recycling. In some of these embodiments, the power cable is designed for easy repairs. In some of these embodiments, the power cable is reusable. The power cable itself fulfils the requirements of the circular economy.
  • The invention also extends to a process to make a power cable according to the invention, wherein are used feedstock(s) coming from at least one circular economy source(s).
  • In some embodiments, at least 1 mass%, notably at least 20 mass%, preferably about 100 mass%, more preferably 100 mass% of the total mass of the material(s) used to make the power cable are coming from a circular economy source -notably from a feedstock coming from circular economy-.

Claims (15)

  1. A power cable characterized in that the ratio of the total mass of the materials of the power cable used to make the power cable and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the materials used to make the power cable is at least 20%.
  2. A power cable according to claim 1, comprising at least one elongated current-conducting system comprising at least one elongated electric current-conducting metallic element,
    characterized in that the ratio of the total mass of the material(s) of the elongated current-conducting system used to make the elongated current-conducting system and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the material(s) used to make the elongated current-conducting system is at least 20%, or about 100%, notably 100%.
  3. A power cable according to claim 2, characterized in that :
    - the ratio of the total mass of the material(s) of the elongated electric current-conducting metallic element used to make the elongated electric current-conducting metallic element and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the material(s) used to make the elongated electric current-conducting metallic element is at least 20%, or about 100%, notably 100% ; or
    - the elongated current-conducting system comprises at least one component chosen among at least one heat transfer fluid, at least one filling compound, at least one water blocking compound and at least one semiconductive tape, and
    the ratio of the total mass of the at least one of the heat transfer fluid(s), of the filling compound(s), of the water blocking compound(s) and of the semiconductive tape(s) of the elongated current-conducting system and used to make the elongated current-conducting system and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the at least one of the heat transfer fluid(s), of the filling compound(s), of the water blocking compound(s) and of the semiconductive tape(s) used to make the elongated electric current-conducting system is at least 20%, or about 100%, notably 100%.
  4. A power cable according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the power cable comprises an insulating system covering/surrounding an elongated current-conducting system comprising at least one elongated electric current-conducting metallic element, the ratio of the total mass of the material(s) of the insulating system used to make the insulating system and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the material(s) used to make the insulating system is at least 20%, or about 100%, notably 100%.
  5. A power cable according to claim 4, characterized in that
    - the insulating system covering/surrounding the elongated current-conducting system comprises an inner semiconductive layer applied around/covering the elongated current-conducting system, the inner semiconductive layer comprising a polymer matrix obtained from a polymer composition,
    the ratio of the total mass of polymer(s) of the polymer(s) composition used to make the inner semiconductive layer of the power cable and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the polymer(s) of the polymer composition used to make the inner semiconductive layer of the power cable is at least 20%, or about 100%, notably 100%; or
    - the insulating system covering/surrounding the current-conducting system comprises an inner semiconductive layer applied around/covering the elongated current-conducting system, the inner semiconductive layer comprising a filler dispersed in the polymer matrix of the inner semiconductive layer,
    the ratio of the total mass of the material(s) of the filler used to make the inner semiconductive layer of the power cable and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the filler used to make the inner semiconductive layer of the power cable is at least 20%, or about 100%, notably 100%, wherein the filler comprises preferably carbon black and the ratio of the total mass of carbon black used to make the inner semiconductive layer of the power cable and coming from a recycling process of oils obtained from tyres to the total mass of the carbon black of the polymer composition used to make the inner semiconductive layer of the power cable is about 100%, notably 100%.
  6. A power cable according to any one of claim 6, characterized in that:
    - the insulating system covering/surrounding the elongated current-conducting system comprises an insulating layer applied around/covering the inner semiconductive layer, the insulating layer is an insulating polymer layer obtained from an insulating polymer composition,
    the ratio of the total mass of the polymer(s) of the insulating polymer composition used to make the insulating layer of the power cable and coming from a chemical recycling process to the total mass of the polymer(s) of the insulating polymer composition used to make the insulating layer of the power cable is at least 20%, or about 100%, notably 100% ; or
    - the power cable is a mass-impregnated power cable, the insulating system covering/surrounding the elongated current-conducting system comprises an insulating layer applied around/covering the inner semiconductive layer, the insulating layer comprises at least one oil of high viscosity coming from a circular economy source and of high level of cleanliness,
    - the ratio of the total mass of the at least one oil of high viscosity and high level of cleanliness used to make the insulating layer of the power cable and coming from a chemical recycling process to the total mass of the at least one oil of high viscosity used to make the insulating layer of the power cable is at least 20%, or about 100%, notably 100% ; or
    - the insulating system covering/surrounding the current-conducting system comprises an outer semiconductive layer applied around/covering the insulating layer, the outer semiconductive layer comprising a polymer matrix obtained from a polymer composition,
    the ratio of the total mass of the polymer(s) of the polymer composition used to make the outer semiconductive layer of the power cable and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the polymer(s) of the polymer composition used to make the outer semiconductive layer of the power cable is at least 20%, or about 100%, notably 100% ; or
    - the insulating system covering/surrounding the current-conducting system comprises an outer semiconductive layer applied around/covering the insulating layer, the outer semiconductive layer comprising a filler dispersed in the polymer matrix of the outer semiconductive layer,
    the ratio of the total mass of the material(s) of the filler used to make the outer semiconductive layer of the power cable and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the filler used to make the outer semiconductive layer of the power cable is at least 20%, or about 100%, notably 100%,A wherein the filler preferably comprises carbon black and the ratio of the total mass of carbon black used to make the outer semiconductive layer of the power cable and coming from a recycling process of oils obtained from tyres to the total mass of the carbon black of the polymer composition used to make the outer semiconductive layer of the power cable is about 100%, notably 100%; or
    - the power cable comprising an insulating system covering the current-conducting system and at least one tape applied above the outer semiconductive layer of the insulating system, characterized in that the ratio of the total mass of the materials of the at least one tape applied above the outer semiconductive layer used to make the at least one tape and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the materials used to make the at least one tape is at least 20%, or about 100%, notably 100%.
  7. A power cable according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising at least one metallic screen made in at least one metallic element used for screening purpose,
    characterized in that the ratio of the total mass of the metallic element(s) used for screening purpose to make the at least one metallic screen and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the materials used to make the at least one metallic screen is at least 20%, or about 100%, notably 100%.
  8. A power cable according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising at least one metallic wire made in at least one metallic element used for armouring purpose,
    characterized in that the ratio of the total mass of the metallic element(s) used for armouring purpose to make the at least one metallic wire and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the materials used to make the at least one metallic screen is at least 20%, or about 100%, notably 100%.
  9. A power cable according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising an external protective sheath,
    characterized in that the ratio of the total mass of the material(s) used to make the external protective sheath and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the material(s) used to make the external protective sheath is at least 20%, or about 100%, notably 100%
  10. A power cable according to claim 9, wherein the external protective sheath preferably comprises at least one polymeric layer,
    the ratio of the total mass of the polymer material(s) used to make the polymeric layer of the external protective sheath and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the polymer material(s) used to make the polymeric layer of the external protective sheath is at least 15%, or at least 20%, or about 100%, notably 100%,
  11. A power cable according to claim 10, wherein the polymeric layer of the external protective sheath comprises at least one compound chosen among at least one pigment, at least one filler and at least one additive,
    the ratio of the total mass of the pigment(s), filler(s) and additive(s) used to make the polymeric layer of the external protective sheath and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the pigment(s), filler(s) and additive(s) used to make the polymeric layer of the external protective sheath is at least 20%, or about 100%, notably 100%.
  12. A power cable according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises an outermost semiconductive layer, the outermost semiconductive layer comprising a polymer matrix obtained from a polymer composition,
    the ratio of the total mass of the polymer(s) of the polymer composition used to make the outermost semiconductive layer of the power cable and coming from a circular economy source to the total mass of the polymer(s) of the polymer composition used to make the outermost semiconductive layer of the power cable is at least 20%, or about 100%, notably 100%,
  13. A power cable according to claim 12, wherein the outermost semiconductive layer preferably comprises at least one filler dispersed in the polymer matrix obtained from the polymer composition,
    the ratio of the total mass of the filler(s) dispersed in the polymer matrix used to make the outermost semiconductive layer of the power cable and coming from feedstock from a circular economy source to the total mass of the filler(s) dispersed in the polymer matrix used to make the outermost semiconductive layer of the power cable is at least 20%, or about 100%, notably 100%.
  14. A power cable according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the power cable is designed for an easy recycling after its end of life.
  15. A process to make a power cable according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein are used feedstock(s) coming from a circular economy source.
EP24306584.4A 2024-09-27 2024-09-27 Power cable with high-level content of materials coming from circular economy Pending EP4718475A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP24306584.4A EP4718475A1 (en) 2024-09-27 2024-09-27 Power cable with high-level content of materials coming from circular economy
PCT/EP2025/077707 WO2026068759A1 (en) 2024-09-27 2025-09-26 Power cable with high-level content of materials coming from circular economy

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP24306584.4A EP4718475A1 (en) 2024-09-27 2024-09-27 Power cable with high-level content of materials coming from circular economy

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4718475A1 true EP4718475A1 (en) 2026-04-01

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Family Applications (1)

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Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP4718475A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2026068759A1 (en)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20050119967A (en) * 2004-06-17 2005-12-22 주식회사 기풍 A duplication sheath cable and an extruding machine for manufacturing
KR20120085607A (en) * 2011-01-24 2012-08-01 엘에스전선 주식회사 Cable Using Recycled Plastics
US20180327583A1 (en) * 2014-12-22 2018-11-15 Borealis Ag Composition based on recycled polyethylene from cable waste
WO2020234391A1 (en) * 2019-05-20 2020-11-26 Nkt Hv Cables Ab Hvdc power cable with water-blocking capability
US20210304921A1 (en) * 2018-08-02 2021-09-30 Prysmian S.P.A. Power cable with conductor strand fill containing recycled crosslinked compounds

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20050119967A (en) * 2004-06-17 2005-12-22 주식회사 기풍 A duplication sheath cable and an extruding machine for manufacturing
KR20120085607A (en) * 2011-01-24 2012-08-01 엘에스전선 주식회사 Cable Using Recycled Plastics
US20180327583A1 (en) * 2014-12-22 2018-11-15 Borealis Ag Composition based on recycled polyethylene from cable waste
US20210304921A1 (en) * 2018-08-02 2021-09-30 Prysmian S.P.A. Power cable with conductor strand fill containing recycled crosslinked compounds
WO2020234391A1 (en) * 2019-05-20 2020-11-26 Nkt Hv Cables Ab Hvdc power cable with water-blocking capability

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