EP4713524A1 - Novel drainage aids and the use thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed herein are novel drainage aids, and the use thereof for treating pulp during the papermaking process.

Description

cane..oo..::-caon raas orsa res oruawraana uza.mv.eorrnaocane ,e cson aensca oo wn ccam arsereroernocor.o.raeca reonerenoc.ens e,nr,e.e ona, rocessreouresene ussec oos au nreoveenerraana ree aae.soe remova onnurneun eeveseac arocuannormaonsroveoreurose o mannormaon necessarne noe oosse reevanceoeresennvenon.o amssons consuesrorn are, nor sou e consrue,a an oerecennormaon ormaone o maunuac a eua rren ro os m wae oeorres creonms wnv .oeon s roen. roucersess manca comaeesx saeces,nncune woo cs are cooe a emeraure w soum sue an soum aroxeser, wereoreaown an souzeenn, soa cane searaerome wooeun o.reer maosse ornom reneeann-reonoucr ooanee uroncess.sserann annn, s a ceonm cooexnre ce-emmceanss aornea co maeraneuracon, oen reerreo a nane ona-rou sacuor, oerown soc. ow moecuar we ocssacocunneacuorncue wooc anemceuoses ecome vermoran-roucasr.es.ennes use, cruea o anurenne cane..oo..::-caonnoranco soewnn cooen ceseer,eacuorconann orancs, mos nn, an nown asrown soc wasmnc.asosar searurame wasromersea wceoon suen arocess common wasrown soc.enera,e res are common useo wasn serums are mae u oeren wasn zones.ers w u se w wcsn c aeanruemrasn usueauu wonnceenronwn, s wocere.eerrowe sno scocsscue one vacuumrum, a secon wasn se osacem ene sacemenase,u wcs cean ens usua conuce.ne va sowers anuer erane ma ous aeoe ma surace rown soc wasn can aoueu maosaceerue wn.ra wasn meosncuerseossuere co wnasuceres, w wc va urseaorensss oures wasnecnue.er wasers, wc usesacemen raeran vacuum, ane cemcasro awren r secoocve wreasonr resusm. eourrann woasenu. m oeraon.eser coon ean vaue.eacn, wc u ms asourne orancsorer erown oenoowsrown soc wasn,s more ecen wen e sorc wasers removee mos-rouc sososse. euenromoweanc soncs wasscnareasreoms aseo m esecas emueonr caonn envronmena.e wc caneoxc.oxc susanc ans cornae orancs, uran es wc are curren o concernncueoxns an asors,a seec orcaanc,a,o,e-nes,r aanc coroenzo--oxn an,,,-eracoroenzouran, aseen sownoecreasee envoroonrm.enncraeasmea ocr oancsea rcemovanrown soc wasn wasnr oow onr saonccs wraosmnus ansmecoormann asncercea osnu mn o.eraon.ecca,e enance oranc remova wou reuceeacn cemmocaran co.nsnumeacone, corsocs,ess aens, cane un assocae w euenscare o co.. rnoo a..:: caon envronmenaroems e or-ancs.n roeeamcse assorcocaeseses, enance orancs removan wasn souecrease runna ranae as are a we a execesrsownn wnasnnu sa, seuc o as reuce reenon aerormance. scoseeren ma no avo carrover.eranae a aerman e aeeonerown wasn saeoreerne oe noe oreerceernr nenoc noers nms. oarmoan sonou as neonee connsrueo m.eanaa ex as sse.arcaseen mae ora acuroorwn sssoocve wa osrnancs a an comnorexan,c mnaamercar ooceassn wcr was waer or weas searaeromuers.e neromeu coonrocess enoenaroems ane uesrem one maoewr waeaanec seseecmnsu oesers oreamoranceonusr wasersnowno comneu was an.eraun roucene woo n we recover o maeras use an an more recen, e cnovoronnmenroacess.re movaonen maeras recovers economc, exensve as comareoose usevnen.e sue ceemroccaesss u.seorneerrarocess are economca vae,smeravea a ve arocessoe recovere.o re r ercenae oe coon cemcase arameersaveaecen suecveoe. enceonacm, a a vavrees an o wasn ssems an monornmoran roenncreasn wasn eecveness.noraomces msaner aasseave a asaon waae an eecveness revenn enrae arromormnn sn easer, unmeeow orae e ssem, wc aowsor an ne asec oenvenroue screens an wasers. aur oneranso aranae a, sa a comrsn a soum cane ren sa soumaur eer suae s..o.: caon eer suae we reos.e:nn a- o aou- w.or-.n some emome n amounre ns, sa nononc suracan comrses resecn anc aon aomo eunoxae.neurer emomens, sarec acoo eoxaes more nonounrce sru arsae o cc a an oou s anen ov-en w onoan.ero aar snus- oona a w er.a an. naoen ac s,u sraac aan c oorm anr asmn oone or suracan.n some emomens, sa n erc e ononc suracan comrsesrec acoo o aoxouae.-n weurer emomens, sarec acoo eoxaesresenn an amoun comrsnno aern as.eco or-en wve.no.neranso a meoorreanu, sa meo comonens cose snoruomm aau suro enaeer suae , an oona one or more enzenesuonc ac, aroroe, a no annoonncc s suurraaccaann,e.., a - suosuccnae, aeoamer, areservave, an a soven, or a an--eexsoum unreaeuo oanreaeu comnaonereoo or com wneerenno sa a sn an sa comonens are searae aeo sa unreaeu wer e comoson anen aeo sa unreaeu w.oen sa soumaur eer suae sresenn an amoun o aou- w.o werre-n sa suonae anonc suracansresenn an amoun o aou- resen wr n ae- nre anm soaun o arooruoe-e. w., s.ouomr a-r wa.suonaes, soum xene suonaes cane exsoum suosuccnaesresenn..o.: caon weren sa--e ano a.:m- .- w.or oun o aou weren s.a-.eo w. weren sa areasmerere.., aou.-. w neunr seore emn r ee s m eamoo a so memv nee snnva ,s s,a sea.ve., r n we. oa. ene, cor a n, aou acc co souro. oa ecs,- a e. ne o crosm, o anrrsescorse ec.., a acoouo e-ox.ae. - w.or- xaesresenn an amoun o aou comrsnno aer anse oc w ne o.. orenvenoneranso a meoorreanu, sa meo suracan or an amoerc m sore nononc suracans an oona a suonae anonco oanreaeu uracane..meeraecamne oxe,o unreaeu a sne w coemreons saon s aunraceann as aree seoa sarae un areo sa unreaeu or comneno weren sa suonae anonc surac eaeu - ansresenn an amoun o aou - w.or were.n sa amoerc suracansresenn an amoun o aou- w.or- neunr soerm eem emoomemnesn, ssa, sar neononc suracan comrsesrec acoo eoxae. - w.o c acoo eoxaesresenn an amoun o ao eemensenur u aroesra em- ao w rem. reen. ersre areoescree nuemoewra ws reerenceoerawnsn wce varous eemens oe emomens maeere. uneers reoaoons re anunconn oe eaeescron.owever, emomens are nomeooseeren ecxeoceoesocrwne cane ooaerawns are no necessaro.. scoo a..: caon eow. soue uners :e, an-nsanceseassc moaseaevreen,e seunc o ams -eor exaam ar n ceran emomens ee - no con nveecnessoanraaorr acna uonn aenrsa anssenm o. conro...saserormanceaa sown vacuumranaemrovemen reaveo ....ssaasseerroorrmmaanncceeaa sown mrovemen reaveo conro ..sa aa sownr conenmrovemen an rae. ..sasseerroorrmmaanncceeaaaa s soowwnnr co aneenr wmasronvemenrae. ..sas an exemaraerman manua an rae. ..sas an exemarrown was curnrocess aaerman manuac n sceme w ave aononsn rocess...sas aurnvero acess.ononsn an exemaraerman manuacurn we asoes mneoesr aanna sese amssessccroseeeeren are reaeoreamen orown soc as encaon sae or renurne saee.., ae oxen nesee, e..,ure a.eeeaecrmn “ sroawene.., a one or more exracon ses oeer comrsnenera uneaceuas soec”os a areorwmn o so acr waas reer.ersro a surr comrsesu an waeruor.e.,u su own soc acuo rr, an maurer comrse,or exame,o one or mr soore sserraese wnaueo counercurren wasn.erown soc mae suece maerasrome ceuossener ssa.ese coe saenearaerowe sen coonuors anssove ene w oxze weuor aneno a renac soocn veusse a.eer., w sausence mao oxenene cane..oo..::-caon oexnenceaonncoauorn seer resmoveennnsromeu surr.eureurome un.e resunurerown wuas mea sevee sraorem oesr cnon a sneuceono a waoswnnsr an searaon unorurerencaon anrenne.., remo eameacn susance va oeenerae cromoorc soueesn. nernas,romrowne s uonceasc weaseuor reomroov,e soor esxame..e,, oaxcenuoer soncsa an eacn, anoreeneuo aaermanrocess, ano on, u maomrove ecenc oownsream reuce conucv oe ess rsenuce soaossnro eacn. ona,rown soc wasn roce wn socrocessn, wceneraromoes ecencn row asn re soace woas soeras consumon. w ncue,u are nomeo, cemwasers,sacemenrumwasn-erors,orerszsoesn,a ane wasers, roarressurzerum wasers, comaconae wasers, rocess,eren var scarewes mreasses.ee conenrone on or me wonaser usenerown soc wasn exame,n a cemwaser,eee conssenc, ar enraonrmeeno,o ormmnz aen seareo vceascsu.uor sae sowerows, wre see,uor soseves, an ms, eunerown soc maeerveromnauon mae monore. ereo.e meosescr arwoos, sowoos, or a mxure arwoo eeren are eecvenreanrown soc conann rown soc, so wawsoon, orro mcexssureas coemreor.seenera,rown soc wasnserorme va a rown soc waserrum roan a arosw anr sowocn s woacseernrume sveeree.e.e.,roowwen soo a comrsesu surr, aneu surrsaen u e roanrow c reamenneorm o, amon oers,r n soc waserrum. eoamer areevereoeu surr vaa onnaee or a mo,reeouammesr., oreorownra snoace w aas ann cane rmen saese..,ever o onereamen,oo.. woo.: caon rocess maeero .: - seconreamena maee same ore e ever o a ero ren on aura orown soc waserrums. comewnn soecr woawsnn socroc wess mae reeae one or moremes.enera, aer encaonrocesseoreraosceennrooce ass,eaecnu sanurro uneroes an oxen emomens oe meosrove reacn.n ceran erown so eren,eusreae weranae aurn aso mnmzce weaascnn s coases,e.e. o,x mnemnencaon sae anoreeacn sae so eroxe ze corneoxe consumon anorroen aeasn co oen ne assum oexc oon. enesnnvencaonon rea saeseo w anermenroveeuur weasunrroocmess coem orsn encaon saesreae weranae aroro xen noer asec osnvenon r orurns was cce. comrsn aeas oneeacn sae comerasens ao aenasm oneroveeacun wasnrocess weres a sen wcusreae w a seor exame,neresence eacn aen comrsn corneoxe seor exam oe, a w weeraeasse an a exracroom aou.o aou. an aeas one exracon rome exracon sesreae wen sraenae ca anero,roo, oru orrnos w wasereneu exracon sesene asreaneunere cce.e osene asre sence o aase.e exracon se ene asreanaenue wu werox oxeennnresreensceenc oe o aase.e exracon se s ene asreaneu w o aase.e exracon seos enons. xen aneroxenresence o aase. cane oownenons areroveoe ..o.: caon e o.: - annarcuar,owe ca ermneowerms usens acaon, convenence on ans nonmesn areeooem con asnrue o.eee ornanoznasoon a onaerecunonssor e use oeerms “a” an “an” an “e” an “a ar caeor. e conex oescrnenve eas one” an smar reerensnoe consrueo coveroe snnonuaers anecaenurae, c uonneessx o oerwesoenowcnae caems are cear conrace conex.e use oeerm “aeas ren or moreemsor exame, “aeas o one”oowe as o one or romes ne o an”soe consrueo mean oneem seece u eems or or an comnaon owo or more oeseems an, “naevssn o,”e “rnwcsuenn,c”a aen “ceorenna onrn cear conrace conex.eerms “comrsn,” “ncun,u nomeo,” uness” o areerwosee c noonser.uee acs oaeonn-e on reaneerms.e., meann are mereneneo serve as a soran s o vaueseren vauean wne rane meo o reerrnnvuao eac searaencororaenoe secca,o unn aesss o werewresennvcuaae reerceen, anere enac searae vaues encomasns roan, aens avnen eeneronns a usseoueereenrm ars orn aroxmaee.rms areneneo owsannae numerca rane eneneoe carn an nomn.nvenon are ar s anarameers senoreroa scoe oe reore asrecseox amsaososns,e.eo nruemoveerrc,a a v raanueess seorne secc exames are encomass an an a suranesncun araconas acnose woeere vnau areeso suesu umneersoeoreno n meoscoseeren ma comrse, conss o, or cons . meo sescoseeren or an comnaon ow s essena o an eren. o or more oe meo sesscose eransonarase “conssn o” excues an eemen, comonen,nreen, cane..oo..: caon anor meo se no se : - sece eeemraennss,o cnoamonrcaesnee s “,con nnsrese cna ens ems as. nenoar se os”, asm wes ase scoosee o a camoe aeceasc an nove caracers ao no maera “onacn” as useerencs oe camenvenon. accornoe meosscosenereen, c roeneerxso o c aomcnanon sa oreranae areare surr. anae a wu aon “ao snsess,n essena o” meansae meos an comosons mancue comonens anor conmreoneennss,on nore meanesra or aeere,u on e aona ses, came meos easc an nove caracerscs oe oevoow ann c soomveonss aonns.roroes mae usene avesescreeren. aaeenreenses en:aanvoe, soevneznsnecnuzoeaee,nz aceae,enz acoo, me enz acoo, roenecoen enzoxeano, eenecoen eer, u aceae, n-u eroer,o anmae, ac ceaceo, aemxan acoo,uano,-uoxe--roano, eeneco m one,aceone acoo,eoxeano, ro e eer,sou carno,soueone,me eano, eeneenecoc moeer- euer e aceera,e e,aenxoan, e aceae,-eexano, e roonae, eone,soorone,soroano,soro acoe,aes,o mueanaono,,s moeu aceae,soue ameone,-me--uano, me am acoo, me n- enroon e eone, mesoueone,-enano, n- eer,rroaenee,-crooa mneo, n- eroer,r aceroae,e n-roroonae,roeneco e u eer aceae,eeneco monoun eeer,c eo n-enue ecoer, n-eu eeneer acceoa ne-, cane..oo..:: caon eeneco monou eer, - monou eer, roeneco monou eer,roeneco onosourae,ee eneco-e moonxoerxoo enaeer,, e,en,e-rmcoe m-on,o-eexnaneo eeneco monome eer,eeneco monoe e eer, me eer aceae, eeneco monome e er, eeneco meano,roenec er,roeneco monome eer, eene o me eer aceae,roeneco monome eer, monoro ecoer a mnonororoene eerc,o e moennoeroco e meor.noro eer,roeneco ro roroee coeurrmoe e “s: rarooroese n”o as re usene meos an comosonseren reers a scoseeren or neave aecace werormea onceerr coomeroensen os oeroerown socn a useeren “roroe” reerso a co wn socn a.s aueous souo mouna souzesrooc comounsn suracanesr seuscenns aasv ae me cana susss oease e oran m s an aroc are noa eer sus so wu onacza e caonn.e emoencue anonc suonaes, seco s,near a enzene or naaene ac esers, suanr easre arsaen.e., suonaes, a eer suaes or suonaes,a suosuccnc a ucoses.reerre so crouann ese arsen, asmonre u osxeensmeono-,-, orr-a an₈- oc₁₀anesuonae, avaae as romcoanc., n-ocrmeseenanmvenne ooxnnec, aune ne- c suomomnoanes a ovra naae aareonmac suonaes suc ase a enzene suonaese.. xene anaouesavno aoue su eonaeens,e, arro ore anea orruoesne oae esers orer aoxae erreerre roroesncue nononc suracans oxe₆ u-n₂₄s a ocro moxu aresoxeraeoes. cane aes,rooxaes,uoxaes, an co-or -.. eroo..: caon aoxae means eox o:m- ereoreera - acoo aoxaesav er mxures reera aou₆o a₁₄ou no aou aene oxerous r 6reera ₈-₁ a eno ao axaeense oxavenrouos aou₆-₂₄ a aeneeno ox aeoxroauess -ee₂₀ra a aoou₀ coo asoeusav anenoe a oxouerouscos6e-2r4o auocosesreera 1₂ocnooserous-a ac es sreera aouo aou m ₆₂₄ er eoxaes,rooxaes orceres an₄-nres o urseaaenreona,mees.erm “w.” wen menone w resecoe amoun o an weenercee.n., oa,nvrouraoen, erec.enn aranae a or oer comoson reersoe eaermanrocess.or exame, ar raenaavee ao coemoras wn. so oumraanuae a aeo resenn an amoun o aou w.o ao r eer suae we oeranae a comoso u w. wouease oneoa mxe comoson, or weernvnua anereoenes aaree sremaarnrocess weer as are- oea ae ae aeren saes acanerm onsea n ecvn oennroc sseaess. n we a a moveeannenexonsc or or aescron sae esewerens conar, or saen a s mc wcs common use,n a ane camermsnaroucrucearn acroer unoraeres reerencenos acaon,e acaon escronns acaon, an no aoccoorone coonsreue com acmcoornneonoen,enon or enon, oreenona wasncororae r conar evena aerm can o eerence.n oe aove,ne er-mernnccoe uenaer osooemcas coencsnruoeo, aconoanr,,e,ermusseene cane..oo.: caon mes,.onons,nc. .: - ca senon sa conrooweermsoeenene arereseneeoreoronu maeeer unersoo reerenceoeoown exames, wcnvenon. roses ousraon an are noneneome scoe oe varous cem:ers roun oerormanceesn wasocuse on evauan •necsum sasmres ene cs a: o emnne srsos ,ease re,. e se cecemes surra ccanansa, aens we sreuese wcncue an en racanens-. • oesuara cmoener oame sszseenc:. oemer: ^o oemaure: oxmser:osae: on as acves o secons •eroramcuaunmce: ~aa mmor secons m :oso soweeesranaeerormance an eemuroensx-.- soweees mrovemen. cane secon roun oerormancee ..oo.: caon :e .: -osae rae o cemsres oneer sn wasocuse on sune eec o osoes sa amnes:e aerreoermaonscoerm oanncceu.menrouc - was comare w esaram aes. a..ue a ceorsnssenc:. c. e..emme sze: exme msra erure :o:s saece ^o o:, an on as acveser .acuum: ~ mmnsor secons raoerm aaenrceraanaa:eese vsac suuomwnenwaeurrens reesouws.,ovseon asu a conssenc an oesranaeerormance comareo a aosaes.no- soweees mrovemen.eeures-. so sowee eoowns a non-mns o emomens encomasse envenon: . werraenna sae a so, saum aau crom eresrn su aa soeumaurs eer suae w resenn an amoun o aou- . ane. onrca snuaor rae- c aan o. e emomen, weren sa aurer comrses a suonae weren sa suona.e., a anonc su-renzenesuonc ac. - w., aou-, or aou-acan.sresenn an amoun o aou-, cane.o.: caon.eranae a o emomen, weren sa aurer com.rso.: - weren sa roroee.., soum arasuonaes, soum xese ane suroonroe resenn an amoun o aou- aou- aes w.. ,, aou- w., or aou-. comerrasensa oene a or o mo arne n oonoerecen emomens, weren sa aurer.reecraancaoeo a e oox emaoe, wmneenc su ren,r wac saearnerns. sa nononc suracan comrses amoun o ecacoo eoxaesresenn an.erana aeo au o- em wo.mor- w.. su en,urer comrses--eexsoum w.eo -rseu wncc . sanae or-.--e. wexsoum suosuccnaesresenn an amoun o ao anonc suracan, suonao. u.ranae a, sa a cmer. ansnon ocn seur ora mcaonre, n sounoanec s aunroanccans an oona a , soumaur suae , ec., or an amoerc surac saunra.cnan some.., emomens, sa nononc suracans e or- w.. resenn an amoun o aou- w..reecraancaoeo a o emomen, weren sa nononc suracan comrses amoun o aou eo-xa we., woerren- sa wr.ecacoo eoxaesresenn an. sueranae a o emomenurer com.rses--eexsoum weorseunccnae .- w. saor-.--e. wex..soum suosuccnaesresenn an amoun o aou cane emomen, weren sa a comrses a..o.: caon.eranae a o suoo.:n- suracane.., a -enzene ae anonc weren sa suonae anonc s suonc ac. w uracansresenn an amoun o aou -.. sureacraor anna- ee. a. o. emomen, weren sa a comrses an amoerc weren sa ammoeerceraecamne oxe -. suracansresenn an amoun o aou- w.or. comerrasensa oene a o an oerecen emomens, weren sa aurer a aeo or more oenreens cosenrom: aresearmvere.., aou.o aou. w. c a sovenavee.., aou.o aou. w. an w. e.., waer, acoos, eers, orcos e.., aou w.o aou. aceea wea,sen. nz a a oco eom, moemenenz, w aecreono s,a a soavenes cosenromenz cenzoxeano, e n eano,enzenzoae, a enecoen eer,roenecoen eer, am roeaoen,a ame, c accooeoxa,uano,-uoxe--roano,u aceae, n-u me eer,souno cnaer,naoce,onseo aucoo,eonee,oxmeano,eeneco coer-u eer, eano, e eano,roene eene e aceae,-eexano, e roonae, e eonceo,s moeoro ene,erso aceae,exano,souano,sou aceae,sou acoo, me n-ameone,ro-maneo,-so-ruoano a,ce mae, meano, me am soueone,-enano, n-enroonae,-roeano e, n-roeon aec,e maee, n- cane..oo..: caon roroonae,roen : - rroeneco eco e eer,rroeneco me eer, co monou e n-eru, e eeenre,eco ne-neuc eoe nr- aucea ee, eer aceenae,eene monou eer,roeneco monou eer,ro eco eer, e -eoxroonae,,,-r eneco monou eeneco mon me-,-enaneoonosourae, co mo oex eer, eeneco monoex eer,eene eer aceanoem, eeen eeer,coe moneonmeeco e meorn,oero eeenr, eeneco me eer, meano,roeneco me ee eco monome eer,eeneco m r aceae,roeneco monome.roeneco monooronoro eer e aner, eroeenneeccoo m moonnoorroo e eeerr,. sa me meooor co remurcsnn aemnca a wxasenn aem caonmrsnumrneunrocess, oxen an amoun o aou ouurn eeraecamne. meoormrovnranae eaermanrocess. meo com erormanceurneunrocess, sa enzenesuonrsn an a wasn a comrsn an a - aermanrco accessn w aner aemno suan o su araocuans ar-e se wa.ra.ouurne u or comneno a sne como e aeo sa unreae. meoorreanu son anen aeo sa unreaeu. acoo an one or mor,e s aano mnec suora ccomanrs,s anm coonearcn eoxae11- su₁r₄acans an co c suracans, nononc. me mnaonsereoo unreaeuo oanreaeu. suaeoorr,e aann ouona, sa on mee oro mo croem comrsonne ansn soumaur eer anonc suracane.., a -enzenesuonc ac co,s aenroromr ao seu, ao nnoaneonc cane.o.: caon suracan, an--eexsoum suosuccnae, aeoa.o.: - an a soven, or a comnaonereoo unreaeuo oamner,re aaereseruvave, w or ceoremn snae an sa comonens are searae aeo sa unreaeu weren sa snoou am snauer co emeors suonae anen asero sa unreaeu w esenn an amoun o aou- w w.ere. on saor s-uonae anonc suracansresenn an amoun o aou- wreesreennr n sa- an amroroee.., soum arasuonaes, soum xene suonaes weren sa-ou-ne o aeou- w.or- w. .- w.or xsoum suosuccnaesresenn an amoun o aou weren sae.-. w. weren sa aroeamere.., aou.-. weren sa servavee.., aou.-. an .e meo o a s eomveonmee.., waer, acoos, eers, orcos e.., aou-. comrsesrecacoon eox, waeeren one or more o sa nononc suracan. ane am moeuno o o a eomuo-men, wer.en sarecacoo eoxaesresenn. meoorreanu w, s.a moreo- w.. sur comrsn an one or more nononc e..acamns an oona a suonae anonc suracan or an amoerc suracan weren sea seurraacecanasm arnee s oexe,o unreaeuo oanreaeu a sne comoson anen aaraeeo a sae unore saae unureaeu or comneno cane.o.: caon weren sa suonae anonc suracansresenn an amoun. oo. a:ou-- we wre.n saor am-oerc suracansresenn an amoun o aou- w.or- .. come mresesor oe ecmaocomoen eox, weren one or more o sa nononc suracan woeren sarecacoo eoxaeaesresenn an amoun o aou- w. .r eeoa m- meer,o w. a ore e. smervoavme,en anor or a so,v wenereon sa sa un mreeaourer comrses an a weren sa eac o saeoamer, sa eu sea reservave, anor sa sovens one orar meor ae oe sao s sa unreaeu or comneno a sne comoson w w uracans, anen aeo sa unreaeu weeren saeoamere.., aou.-. werreenn s saa a a sorevseernvae.ve., we.a.e,r a,ou.-. an .e meo o emomen, we arceono sas, e meerso, orucos e.., aou-. eexsoum suo rer comrses an-- weren sa- succnaeo sa unreaeu w.or -eexsoum suosuccnaesresenn an amoun o aou.- . .-. w.. o meeorec oenrea emnou, sa meo comrsn an one or moreranae as wereen suaen aens auem re aen os oneo a oru a meorro me o aonnans are roaneeuernee.., exeme ure. ocessas sown e..,nure or cane..oo.: caon .₂e meo o emomen .: - re searaer , weren sa as ae aerown wasn sae, aene eraxrace oxenencaon sae, anoreacn sae . meo oreanoun se. oerecen emom,e snas a ms seoown conmrusrne a ornu orne or moreranae as .eranae a o emomen, sa a comrsn one. suracans an one or mo e or more nononc , re suae anonc suracanse.., soumau suracannase, r suae .era e ac o. emomen, sa a comrsn one or more nononc .erana aen a so ou emmaourme snuae, . surac sa a comrsn one or more nononc . soeumraannaas a uren a su oae em.om oen, weren sa suae anonc suracans .eranae a o an oer , or a comnaonereo. sur recen emomens, weren sa nononc . coacansresenn an amoun o aou- w.. remeroesnceosn, cnocmurnsnu an aca oons a,na oenerecen emomens anu. erencororae reerenceoe same exen a as ecaaco rns, anaens, ceeren are seccancaeoencororae reerence an weree seereonrce wneres ennvrua an momens oeresenscosure are eeren. nownoenve escreeren,ncunees moe ecome aarennoorsoseor o ca orrrnna ouenvenon.araons oese emomens ma envenors exec se arsarns so enmeo ar su ucon va reraanoneoreonescron.nvenorsnenorenvenonoeracce oerwseans a ass s aecrocarae,e asncree cane..oo..::-caon meareenr. reccorn,snvenonncues a mocaons an euvaens oe suec comnacone one ae covaem-ses acreene eemeerneos ans aermossee acaeaw.oreover, an envenon uness oerwsencaeeren or oerws vear caeaorns conerreaocse encom conasse esnvenon mae emoen manerenorms,ere a ex. eaeren seccreerre emomens oenv reescren exemcaon oernc enon.eresenscosures an earcua es oenvenon ans noneneomenvenono an oer rerer eemnceo mmaeenrsasu msernaeon.eereanens,aen acaons, scencaers, an urermore,envenon encomasses anoss areen ccoomrornaaeon o r seoemrencener enre. emomens menoneeren,escre e or a oe varousnvenon enc eren anorncororaeeren.n aone some oe voamroaussse esm anomosesnse m ceonmonneaonera aso secca excues an one or eren. en,escreeren anorncororae acannormaonn an maerae.., aneaesaen,neaesaenncororaone,oo re,e arernccee,o ece. exeanaas noe cenncororae reerenceeren,s on oer saemens anrawns seoreren.onnec ev eexns os seucwe ceonn succ,nncorumanon ane a wou renernva an cameren,en an suc a concncororae reerence mae concnnormaonn suc e aovescosuresrnaens seecoceau nsoranvceor anora noe exa reuserveen.ceesreen. w sues man varaons an aernaveso one o scron aernaves an varaons aren ornar sns ar. eseerm “comrsn” means “ncuenne,oue noncumee wo”.neo ssceoaem oare w camse w arere mae cane..oo..::-caon r aerceo asnozen oeer euvaensoe secc emomensescreeren wc euvaens suranes s rn uane suemso e ane en erac erao nmm ,ea anesrsse evesrco nsuee ca meem rres en. w areeen unersooo encomass an an a rane o “o” soue cons e enons.or exame, a sae oe mnmum vaue o anee mreaxomunmcu vaeu aen o an aa susr,a an seusreanweeesnanncusve a mnmum vaue o or more,e..o., an enn w ennn w e...o.,o,o, annao e a maxmum vaue o oress, wecne.e rane. erc ac numer,,,,,,,,, an conane s enaes anrooronseren are we uness oerwsenvenon.s comeeseescron oereerre an aernae emomens oe escreoseere sn wecn eeu avra ma reconze oer euvaensoe secc emomen ereo. ens areneneoe encomasse e cams aace

Claims

cane..oo..::-caone c.am: anornacna suer aac,an sa, a a croomrores,n an a o soounmaau orne o er mero sruae , a suonae .eranae a o cam, weren sa soumaur eee nro sunonc suracans. resenn an amoun o aou w.o a ae s w.. ou w. or aou w.o aou . ane amroaunna oe a ao ou c wam.,o w aeoreun sa w. su,on wae. anoo anocu sura wca.n, asoruesen wn. .o aeoru w., or aou w.o aou w.. w.anoa aeo au o w ca.m, weren sa roroesresenn an amoun o aou w., or aou w.o a aoouu w w...o aou w., aou w.o aou . o aeoruanae w a. oo c aaomu, w we.ren sa nononc suracansresenn an amoun .eranae a o cam, were onr s aaou nono wnc. suroa acoanu c w.. acoo eoxae, weren sarec acoo eoxaesomresernsesnr ane ac o aou w.o aou w. or aou w.o moun .eranae a o an oerecen c aou w.. eexsoum suosuccnae, werena sams,u-r-eer comexrsess-- suosuccnaesresenn an am oum w. oun o aou. w.o aou w. or aou. . oroanno aa aeo a au su,. wonae wree.n a s. naon ac su cromacarnse osr o anne a omr mooreer nocn suornacc saunr.acans an cane oerecen cams , weren sa no.. nooo.: caon.eranae a o an n.:c sur- comrsesrec acoo eoxae weren acan resenn an amoun sarec acoo eoxaes w o aou w.o aou w. or aou w.o aou .. ee.reaxnae a o an oerecen camsurer comr . w.aso o ao-um u-e su ses-- weren s os w.eu oxccn r asa ooe uum. s wu.osuoccnaesresenn an amoun o aou .eranae a o an oerecen cam aou. w.. suonae anonc suracan weren sa suosn ,a weer aennon sac su a comrses a an amoun o aou w.o ao racansresenn .eranae a o an u w. or aou w.o aou w.. amoerc suracan = o wereenre scae anm caomersc , weren sa a comrses an aou w.o suracansresenn an amoun o .eranae a a oou w. or aou w.o aou w.. one or more oen anre oenes creocseennr cams , weren sa aurer comrses a aereosearmvaervsens ann a anm aomunou on a oo auou.om w:.o aou. w. a sovensn an amoun o . w.o aou. w. an .eranae a o an o aeourec w.o aou w.. enz aceae,enz acoo, meene cnzam asc ,o woe,re an sa sovens cosenrom enzoae,enzoxeano, aen eano,enz eer, am a eenecoen eer,roenecoen urooncaeea,e c, acmoex aacnoono,uano,-uoxe--roano,u aceae, n- co me eer,sou cea,rancoe,ones aocuoo,eoeneo,xmeeano,eeanoe,ne cane..oo.: caon roenecoer-u .: - roo eer, eano, e aceae,-eexano, e sounaee, eeenoene,scoo moer eer aceae,exano,souano,sou aceae, am acoo, me n-ameonoen,e,so-mroeano-,-souarno aceae, meano, me soueone,-enano, n-enroonae,-rooa,n moe, n-r eo aceeoanee,, n me roroonae,roeneco e eer,rroene - rroeneco n-u eer,eenec co me eer, co monou eer, o n-u eer aceae,eene mono eeneco n-u eer aceae, eeneco eer, eu e-eer,oxrorooenneae,c,o, m-ornomeu- eer,roeneco monou eeneco mono ,-enaneoonosourae, co ex eer, eeneco monoex eer,eene eer ac meoanoem, eeen eeer,coe moneonmeeco e meonoe eer, eeneco me e eeer, meano,roeneco me eerr a,cearoe,reoneeneco mcoono mmoenome ror,eeneeneco mcoono moronoro eer e aner, eroeneco monoro eer,. meoorreanu, s eneco monoro eer. suae , a a meo comrsn an soumaur eer anonc suracann, a oornoaroe o,ne or more comonen cosenrom a suonae suosuccnae, aeoamer, ares ae nrvoanovne,c suracan, an--eexsoum unreaeuo oanreaeu an a soven, or a comnaonereoo w comerenne sano a sn ane c soam coosmoonn aennse sne aaraeeo a sae unor seaae unrueaeu or cane.o.: caon weren sa soumaur eer suae sresenn an a.o.: - w.o aou w. or aou w.o moun o aou weren sa suonae anonc su aou w. aou w. or aou racansresenn an amoun o aou w.o were w.o aou w. a n sa roroesresenn an amoun o aou w.o aou w. or woeu w.o aou w. . wre.n sao ao--eexsoum suosuccnaesresenn an amoun o aou w weerreenn s saa aeu roeasm w erevr. as o venr a a sno n aum anou. an w m o. aoou ao.u.o w a.ou. weren sa a s oun o aou. o aou. an.e meo o aonve onsenr aence amnoun ca om as ,o wuereno o anou . suracan c e or more o sa nononc.e meoomrsesrec acoo eoxae. sresenn o an a anmo oun oerecen cams , weren sarec acoo eoxae w. aou w.o aou w. or aou w.o aou. moere me. raona oe a ans o a onee orre mceoreno cnasm aso ,n sa meeeor cnoem or asn an one or rocess aerman. waes mne. soa oe, an s oae,e anrecoerneac canms s ,a weren sa as ae aerown. see me woer o an₂ oerecen cams , we.eren sa as ae a an exracon.e meoe on an ca onee,reo, oro. comrses a comoson o ac weasn a ca amns, wue.ren sa meo oreanu cane a comrsn one or more non.. onoo.. c:: caon.eranae a o cam, sa sura-cans an. one sue or aera mnoaree su aa oe c aanmonc, s wuraecreann s.a suae anonc suracans s resenae a or o an, o or a oumaur.era ceomrecneaonn caermeos,. weren sa nononc mnons an suracans. co o anm cooumnr osn ao aun a- o a wn. o.erecen cams anu.