EP4705667A1

EP4705667A1 - Improvements in or relating to a collision avoidance system

Info

Publication number: EP4705667A1
Application number: EP24725932.8A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Jonathan Keith GUEST
Original assignee: Safety Shield Ai Ltd
Current assignee: Safety Shield Ai Ltd
Priority date: 2023-05-02
Filing date: 2024-05-01
Publication date: 2026-03-11
Also published as: WO2024228018A1; AU2024265417A1; GB202306473D0

Abstract

An image-based collision avoidance system for a high-risk entity, such as construction plant, the system comprising: detection means consisting of one or more camera, wherein the detection means is configured to detect an at-risk entity located within an inner zone that surrounds a high-risk entity and/or an outer zone that surrounds the inner zone; an alerting means configured to alert an approved person if the detection means detects an at-risk entity within the inner and/or outer zone; a user- initiated button configured to disable the high-risk entity; an automatic override configured to automatically disable the high-risk entity if the detection means detects an at-risk entity located within the inner zone; and a signalling means configured to generate a 'Do Not Pass' signal when the high- risk entity is operational and a 'Safe Pass' signal when the high-risk entity is disabled.

Description

IMPROVEMENTS IN OR RELATING TO A COLLISION AVOIDANCE SYSTEM

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to improvements in or relating to a collision avoidance system and, more specifically, to a collision avoidance system for a high-risk entity, such as construction plant.

BACKGROUND TO THE INVENTION

A collision between a high-risk entity, such as machinery or construction plant, and an at-risk entity, such as a vehicle or person, can cause serious harm, damage and cost to the associated entities, particularly the at-risk entity. Preventing such collisions is therefore desirable.

However, in certain environments, such as constructions sites, factories and recycling centres, high- risk entities, or the operators thereof, may find it difficult to detect nearby at-risk entities, which increases the likelihood of a collision. For example, the at-risk entity, which is typically much smaller than the high-risk entity, may approach the high-risk entity from within the entity's and/or the operator's blind spot and/or whilst the high-risk entity is operational. This significantly reduces the likelihood of the high-risk entity, or operator thereof, detecting the at-risk entity. Moreover, the aforementioned environments are often noisy and filled with other dynamic and stationary entities that may be at-risk of a collision, which further reduces the likelihood of the high-risk entity, or operator thereof, detecting the at-risk entity. Therefore, quickly, reliably and consistently detecting at-risk entities and preventing a high-risk entity from colliding therewith is of high importance. It is against this background that the present invention has arisen.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

According to the present invention there is provided an image-based collision avoidance system for a high-risk entity, such as construction plant, the system comprising: detection means consisting of one or more camera, wherein the detection means is configured to detect an at-risk entity located within an inner zone that surrounds a high-risk entity and/or an outer zone that surrounds the inner zone; an alerting means configured to alert an approved person if the detection means detects an at-risk entity within the inner and/or outer zone; a user-initiated button configured to disable the high-risk entity; an automatic override configured to automatically disable the high-risk entity if the detection means detects an at-risk entity located within the inner zone; and a signalling means configured to generate a 'Do Not Pass' signal when the high-risk entity is operational and a 'Safe Pass' signal when the high-risk entity is disabled.

In this application, an 'operational' high-risk entity is a high-risk entity that is free to move in such a way that it may collide with an at-risk entity located within the inner zone. Conversely, a 'disabled' high-risk entity is a high-risk entity having at least partially limited movement such that it cannot collide with an at-risk entity located within the inner zone.

The high-risk entity may be machinery, handling equipment, a robot and/or a vehicle. Alternatively, the high-risk entity may be a component or part of a piece of machinery, handling equipment, a robot and/or a vehicle.

For example, the high-risk entity may be construction plant. The construction plant may be earth moving plant, lift plant, concreting plant, drilling plant and/or piling plant. For example, the high-risk entity may be a dump truck, bulldozer, compactor, grader, excavator, backhoe loader, loading shovel, telescopic handler (telehandler), forklift truck, and/or crane.

Similarly, the high-risk entity may be a boom, arm, bucket and/or loader of an excavator; a bed of a tipper truck; or a mast of a crane or forklift truck, for example.

In some embodiments, the high-risk entity may be equipment, such as construction equipment. The equipment may be a breaker.

In some embodiments, the high-risk entity may be port and/or cargo handling equipment. For example, the high-risk entity may be a gantry crane, straddle carrier, shuttle carrier, terminal tractor, yard hostler, and/or tractor.

In some embodiments, the high-risk entity may be airport machinery. For example, the high-risk entity may be a passenger boarding bridge (PBB), baggage handling system, dolly, transporter, elevator, escalator, travellators, re-fueler, tug and/or tractor.

In some embodiments, the high-risk entity may be waste management and/or recycling equipment or machinery. For example, the high-risk entity may be a separator, such as a magnetic drum separator, suspension magnetic separator, or eddy current separator.

The aforementioned examples of high-risk entities is a non-exhaustive list. In other words, the high- risk entity may be any body, or part thereof, that may cause damage or injury to an at-risk object if allowed to collide therewith. The at-risk entity may be a vehicle, person and/or animal. Alternatively, or additionally, the at-risk entity may be other machinery, equipment and/or plant. Again, the aforementioned examples of at- risk entities is a non-exhaustive list. In other words, the at-risk entity may be any body, or part thereof, that may be damaged or injured during a collision with the high-risk entity. Therefore, a high-risk entity may also be an at-risk entity.

The detection means may consist of one or more camera. For example, the detection means may consist of one camera. The camera may be a 360 degree camera. Alternatively, the detection means may consist of up to 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100 or more than 100 cameras. Each camera may be a 360 degree camera. The one or more camera may comprise at least one night vision camera. Alternatively, or additionally, the one or more camera may comprise at least one Infra-Red (IR) camera.

The detection means may be built into a high-risk entity during its manufacture. Alternatively, the detection means may be retrofitted onto an existing high-risk entity. This is often not possible, or is more difficult, when using alternative detection means, such RADAR, LIDAR and/or SONAR. For example, the present collision avoidance system may utilise cameras already present on/in a high-risk entity. The system may, therefore, connect to an existing Electronic Control Unit (ECU) of the high-risk entity. Alternatively, the system may comprise one or more camera for attachment to an existing high- risk entity. In such embodiments, the system may comprise its own ECU.

A camera-based detection means may also filter out unwanted entities (i.e. extraneous entities). This may minimise false alerts and/or distraction for the approved person. This is not possible if using alternative detection means, such RADAR, LIDAR and/or SONAR. Finally, a camera-based detection means is cheaper than the aforementioned alternative detection means.

The detection means may be trained, using any suitable Artificial Intelligence (Al) image recognition techniques, to detect any chosen entity. Such techniques are well known to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the at-risk entity may be any predefined entity. The detection means may also be re-trained to define a different and/or additional at-risk entity. For example, the at-risk entity may be a vehicle or person and/or animal. In such embodiments, extraneous entities, such as buildings, vegetation and other stationary objections will not be detected.

The size and/or shape of a zone (i.e. the inner zone and/or outer zone) may be pre-set using standard calibration software. For example, a zone may be substantially circular in shape and extend away from the centre of the high-risk entity in all directions. However, a zone may take any suitable shape. A zone may also be any size. The size and/or shape of a zone may be varied. For example, the size and/or shape of a zone may depend on the type/form of high-risk entity, at-risk entity, and/or on the landscape surrounding the high-risk entity.

In some embodiments, the inner zone is defined by the area within which the high-risk entity could be in collision with an at-risk entity. Similarly, it may be impossible for the high-risk entity to collide with an at-risk entity located in the outer zone. For example, if the high-risk entity is the arm of an excavator, the inner zone may be sized to contain fully the excavator arm when it is fully extended away from the excavator body and rotated 360 degrees about its centre of rotation. The outer zone may extend 2 to 5 meters (m) beyond the inner zone. The outer zone may, or may not, comprise the inner zone.

In the context of this application, disabling the high-risk entity means preventing the high-risk entity from being able to collide with the at-risk entity. This may result in partial or total shutdown of the high-risk entity. Total shutdown may prevent all movement of the high-risk entity. This may include, if present, shutdown of a powertrain, hydraulic system and/or electronic system. Conversely, partial shutdown may only prevent movement of components, elements and/or members of the high-risk entity that may enable the high-risk entity to collide with the at-risk entity. For example, if the high- risk entity is construction plant, partial shutdown may deactivate the plant hydraulics and/or controls, but may still allow predefined features, such as lighting and/or heating, to remain operational. In another example, partial shutdown of a concrete mixer may still allow the concrete to be mixed, but may prevent the mixer from dispensing the concrete.

The automatic override may be an automatic override module. The automatic override may be operably connected to the high-risk entity. The automatic override improves the reliability of the collision avoidance system by removing the need for human-input to disable the high-risk entity when the at-risk entity is located within the inner zone.

The 'Do Not Pass' and 'SAFE PASS' signals may be configured to be received by the detected at-risk entity. The 'Do Not Pass' signal may be a visual and/or audible signal. Similarly, the 'Safe Pass' signal may be a visual and/or audible signal. These signals may take any form. The signal need not comprise the words 'Do Not Pass' and 'Safe Pass', respectively. Nevertheless, in some embodiments, the 'Do Not Pass' signal may be red in colour and/or comprise written instructions of 'Do Not Pass' (or equivalent). The 'Safe Pass' signal may be green in colour and/or comprise written instructions of 'Safe Pass' (or equivalent). Alternatively, the 'Safe Pass' and/or 'Do Not Pass' signal may comprise a sound recording, such as a voice recording, or a flashing light. Moreover, in some embodiments, at least one of the 'Safe Pass' and/or 'Do Not Pass' signal may be the absence of a signal that is otherwise present.

The approved person may be an operator of the high-risk entity. The operator may be located within the high-risk entity. Alternatively, the operator may be located adjacent to and/or away from the high- risk entity. For example, the high-risk entity may be remotely controlled and/or semi-autonomous. Alternatively, or additionally, the approved person may be a site manager, foreperson, and/or watchperson. The approved person may have oversite of one or more high-risk entities. In such embodiments, the high-risk entity may be fully autonomous.

The user-initiated button may enable the approved person to disable the high-risk entity. In other words, the user-initiated button may be accessible to the approved person. For example, the user- initiated button and approved person may be located within the high-risk entity. Alternatively, the user-initiated button and approved person may be located outside of the high-risk entity. Locating the user-initiated button and approved person outside of the high-risk entity may enable the approved person to disable the high-risk entity at a more appropriate time. For example, an approved person located outside of the high-risk entity may position themselves in a location having a better view of the high-risk entity, and any potential at-risk entities, than a person located within the high-risk entity. This may provide a more holistic view of a site or area surrounding the high-risk entity, which may comprise one or more high-risk entities and one or more at-risk entities.

The alerting means may be located on and/or in the high-risk entity. Alternatively, or additionally, the alerting means may be located away from high-risk entity.

The alerting means may comprise a visual and/or audible alarm. A visual and/or audible alarm increases the likelihood of the approved person receiving the alert. Alternatively, or additionally, the alerting means may generate vibration. Alerting the approved person enables them to disable the high-risk entity, via the user-initiated button, as soon as conveniently possible. This reduces the likelihood of the at-risk entity entering the inner zone whilst the high-risk entity is operational.

In some embodiments, the alerting means may generate a low-level alert if the detection means detects an at-risk entity in the outer zone. Moreover, the alerting means may generate a high-level alert if the detection means detects an at-risk entity in the inner zone. A high-level alert may comprise a higher tempo or louder audible alarm compared to a low-level alert. Alternatively, or additionally, a high-level alert may comprise more frequent and/or brighter visual alarm than a low-level alert.

The automatic override may comprise an isolator switch configured to turn the automatic override on/off. Turning the automatic override off, via the isolator switch, deactivates the automatic override. Turning the automatic override on, via the isolator switch, activates the automatic override. The isolator switch may be configured to be operated by an authorized person. For example, the isolator switch may require a key or password in order to be operated. The authorized person may be a manager of the approved person. Alternatively, the authorized person may be the approved person.

The authorized person may turn the automatic override off if the high-risk entity is conducting a critical task. A critical task may be a task that should not, or cannot, be stopped or interrupted. Disabling the high-risk entity during a critical task may result in more danger than a potential collision between the high-risk entity and an at-risk entity. For example, if a high-risk entity, such as a crane, is lifting an object that may swing and/or detach from the high-risk entity if the high-risk entity is disabled suddenly, it may be safer to turn the automatic override off. In such embodiments, other means of preventing a collision between the high-risk entity and at-risk entity may be implemented, such as a physical barrier.

The inner zone may extend up to 5 meters (m) from the centre of the high-risk entity. The outer zone may extend up to 10 meters (m) from the centre of the high-risk entity. The inner zone may comprise the high-risk entity. The inner zone may extend up to lm, 2m, 3m, 4m, 5m, 10m, 15m, 20m, 25m, 50m or more than 50m away from the centre of the high-risk entity. Alternatively, the inner zone may exclude a central zone comprising the high-risk entity. The central zone may be located within the inner zone.

The outer zone may comprise at least the inner zone and the high-risk entity. The outer zone may also comprise the central zone. Alternatively, the outer zone may be directly adjacent to the inner zone such that there is no overlapping region. The outer zone may extend up to lm, 2m, 3m, 4m, 5m, 10m, 15m, 20m, 25m, 50m or more than 50m away from the high-risk entity and/or inner zone.

The invention will now be further and more particularly described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings

FIGURES

Figure 1 shows an image-based collision avoidance system for a high-risk entity;

Figure 2 shows the system of figure 1, wherein the detection means has detected an at-risk entity located within the outer zone whilst the high-risk entity is operational;

Figure 3 shows the system of figure 2, wherein the approved person is pressing the user-initiated button; Figure 4 shows the system of figures 2 to 3 generating a 'SAFE PASS' signal whilst an at-risk entity passing through the inner zone; and

Figure 5 shows the system of figures 2 to 4, wherein the detection means has detected an at-risk entity located within the inner zone whilst the high-risk entity is operational.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Figure 1 shows an embodiment of the image-based collision avoidance system 100 for a high-risk entity. One example of a high-risk entity 210 in the form of construction plant is shown in figures 2 to 5. However, in other embodiments not illustrated in the accompanying drawings, the system 100 may be used with any high-risk entity 210.

The system 100 comprises detection means 110 consisting of one or more camera 112; alerting means 120; a user-initiated button 130; an automatic override 140; and signalling means 150.

The detection means 110 is configured to detect an at-risk entity 220 located within an inner zone 230 and/or outer zone 240, as shown in figures 2 to 5. The inner zone 230 surrounds the high-risk entity 210. The outer zone 240 surrounds the inner zone 230.

In some embodiments, an at-risk entity 220 located within the inner zone 230 is also located within the outer zone 240 by virtue of the outer zone 240 comprising the inner zone 230. In such embodiments, the presence of the at-risk entity 220 in the inner zone 230 supersedes any response/action of system 100 due to the at-risk entity 220 also being in the outer zone 240. However, in some embodiments, the inner zone 230 and outer zone 240 are spatially distinct. In such embodiments, the outer zone 240 surrounds the inner zone 230 but excludes the area within the inner zone 230.

In the embodiment shown in figures 2 to 5, the inner zone 230 extends up to 5 meters (m) from the centre of the high-risk entity 210. The outer zone 240 extends up to 10 meters (m) from the centre of the high-risk entity 210. As such, the outer zone 240 comprises the inner zone 230. However, the size and shape of the inner zone 230 and/or outer zone 240 may be varied.

The alerting means 120 is configured to alert an approved person 250 if the detection means 110 detects an at-risk entity 220 within the inner zone 230 and/or outer zone 240. In some embodiments, as shown in figures 2 to 5, the approved person 250 is an operator of the high-risk entity 210. However, in other embodiments not illustrated in the accompanying drawings, the approved person 250 may be any selected person. The approved person 250 may also be located in any suitable location, which is not limited to within the high-risk entity 210.

In the embodiment shown in figures 2 to 5, the alerting means 120 is located on and/or in the high- risk entity 210. Moreover, the alerting means 120 comprises a visual alarm 122, as shown in figure 1. The visual alarm 122 may be generated by a display. The visual alarm may comprise at least one icon and/or flashing light. The visual alarm 122 may change size, shape, and/or colour depending on whether the at-risk entity 220 is located within the inner zone 230 and/or the outer zone 240. For example, the visual alarm 122 may be orange if the at-risk entity 220 is located within the outer zone 240 (only), which may considered a low-level alert. The visual alarm 122 may be red if the at-risk entity 220 is located within the inner zone 230, which may be considered a high-level alert. However, any suitable colour and/or icon may be used.

In some embodiments, as shown in figure 1, the alerting means 120 comprises an audible alarm 124. The audible alarm 124 may be generated by a speaker. The audible alarm 124 may change depending on whether the at-risk entity 220 is located within the inner zone 230 and/or the outer zone 240. For example, the audible alarm 124 may be quieter if the at-risk entity 220 is located within the outer zone 240 (only) and louder if the at-risk entity 220 is located within the inner zone 230. A quieter alert may be considered a low-level alert, whereas a louder alert may be considered a high-level alert. Alternatively, or additionally, the audio of the alarm may change depending on whether the at-risk entity 220 is located within the inner zone 230 or the outer zone 240.

The user-initiated button 130 is configured to disable the high-risk entity 210. In the described embodiments, the user-initiated button 130 is configured to be operated by the approved person 250. As such, the user-initiated button 130 enables the approved person 250 to disable the high-risk entity 210.

The automatic override 140 is configured to automatically disable the high-risk entity 210 if the detection means 110 detects an at-risk entity 220 located within the inner zone 230. Disabling the high-risk entity 210 prevents it from being able to collide with the at-risk entity 220 located within the inner zone 230. Although, disabling the high-risk entity 210 does not necessarily prevent the at-risk entity 220 from being able to collide with the high-risk entity 210. In other words, disabling the high- risk entity 210 prevents the high-risk entity 210 from being the instigator of a collision with the at-risk entity 220.

The automatic override 140 comprises an isolator switch 142 configured to turn the automatic override on/off. Turning the automatic override off, via the isolator switch 142, deactivates the automatic override 140. Turning the automatic override on, via the isolator switch 142, activates the automatic override 140. The isolator switch 142 may require a key or password in order to be operated. As such, the isolator switch 142 may be operated by an authorized person only. The authorized person may be a manager, for example. This may prevent the approved person from deactivating the automatic override. However, in some embodiments, the approved person may also be the authorized person.

The signalling means 150 is configured to generate a 'Do Not Pass' signal 152 when the high-risk entity 210 is operational and a 'Safe Pass' signal 154 when the high-risk entity 210 is disabled. In this context, an 'operational' high-risk entity is a high-risk entity 210 that is free to move in such a way that it may collide with an at-risk 220 entity located within the inner zone 230. Conversely, a 'disabled' high-risk entity is a high-risk entity 210 having at least partially limited movement such that it cannot collide with an at-risk 220 entity located within the inner zone 230.

As shown in figures 1 to 5, the 'Do Not Pass' signal 152 may comprise the words 'Do Not Pass'. Similarly, the 'Safe Pass' signal 154 may comprise the words 'Safe Pass'. However, any suitable 'Do Not Pass' signal 152 and 'Safe Pass' signal 154 may be used. For example, the 'Do Not Pass' signal 152 may comprise a red light and/or the 'Safe Pass' signal 154 may comprise a green light. This may be used in combination with and/or instead of written text. The written text may comprise any suitable word(s) and/or phrase(s) to covey the 'Do Not Pass' signal 152 and 'Safe Pass' signal 154. For example, in other embodiments not illustrated in the accompanying drawings, the 'Do Not Pass' signal 152 may comprise the words 'STOP' and/or the 'Safe Pass' signal 154 may comprise the words 'GO'. Alternatively, or additionally, the 'Do Not Pass' signal 152 and/or the 'Safe Pass' signal 154 may comprise (different) audio clips.

EXAMPLES

Figures 2 to 5 show an example of the image-based collision avoidance system 100 in use. In particular, figure 2 shows the system 100 wherein the detection means 110 has detected an at-risk entity 220 located within the outer zone 240 whilst the high-risk entity 210 is operational. As such, figure 2 shows the system 100 generating a 'DO NOT PASS' signal 152. Simultaneously, the alerting means 120 alerts the approved person 250 that the detection means 110 has detected an at-risk entity 220 within the outer zone 240.

Figure 3 shows the system of figure 2, wherein the approved person 250 is pressing the user-initiated button 130 in response to the alerting means 120 alerting the approved person 250 that the detection means 110 has detected an at-risk entity 220 within the outer zone 240. Pressing the user-initiated button 130 disables the high-risk entity 210. Once the high-risk entity 210 has been disabled, the signalling means 150 stops generating the 'DO NOT PASS' signal 152 and instead generates the 'SAFE PASS' signal 154, as shown in figure 4.

Figure 4 shows the system of figures 2 to 3 generating a 'SAFE PASS' signal whilst an at-risk entity 220 passes through the inner zone 230 in response to the signalling means generating the 'SAFE PASS' signal 154. In figure 4, the high-risk entity 210 is disabled, as the approved person 250 has previously pressed the user-initiated button 130 (as shown in figure 3). The alerting means 120 alerts the approved person 250 that the detection means 110 has detected an at-risk entity 220 within the inner zone 230. The alert generated by the alerting means when the at-risk entity 220 is located within the inner zone 230 may be different from the alert generated when the at-risk entity 220 is located within the outer zone 240. For example, the alerting means may generate a high-level alert when the at-risk entity 220 is located within the inner zone 230 and a low-level alert when the at-risk entity 220 is located within the outer zone 240.

Figure 5 shows the system of figures 2 to 4, wherein the detection means 110 has detected an at-risk entity 220 located within the inner zone 230 whilst the high-risk entity 210 is operational. In other words, the at-risk entity 220 has entered the inner zone 230 whilst the 'DO NOT PASS' signal is being generated. Therefore, the automatic override 140 automatically disables the high-risk entity 210. Simultaneously, the alerting means 120 alerts the approved person 250 that the detection means 110 has detected an at-risk entity 220 within the inner zone 230. The alert generated by the alerting means when the at-risk entity 220 is located within the inner zone 230 whilst the high-risk entity is operational may be different to the alert generated when the at-risk entity 220 is located within the inner zone 230 when the high-risk entity is disabled. For example, the alerting means may generate a critical-level alert when the at-risk entity 220 is located within the inner zone 230 when the high-risk entity is operation and a high-level alert when the at-risk entity 220 is located within the inner zone 230 when the high-risk entity is disabled. The critical-level alert may be momentary whilst the automatic override disables the high-risk entity. As such, the critical-level alert may extended such that it continues to be generated for up to Is, 5s, 10s or 30s after the automatic override has disabled the high-risk entity. The critical-level alert may be louder, faster and/or brighter than the high-level alert.

Various further aspects and embodiments of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art in view of the present disclosure. Where used herein, "and/or" is to be taken as specific disclosure of each of the two specified features or components with or without the other. For example, "A and/or B" is to be taken as specific disclosure of each of (i) A, (ii) B and (iii) A and B, just as if each is set out individually herein.

Unless context dictates otherwise, the descriptions and definitions of the features set out above are not limited to any particular aspect or embodiment of the invention and apply equally to all aspects and embodiments that are described. It will further be appreciated by those skilled in the art that although the invention has been described by way of example with reference to several embodiments, it is not limited to the disclosed embodiments and that alternative embodiments could be constructed without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. An image-based collision avoidance system for a high-risk entity, such as construction plant, the system comprising: detection means consisting of one or more camera, wherein the detection means is configured to detect an at-risk entity located within an inner zone that surrounds a high-risk entity and/or an outer zone that surrounds the inner zone; an alerting means configured to alert an approved person if the detection means detects an at-risk entity within the inner and/or outer zone; a user-initiated button configured to disable the high-risk entity; an automatic override configured to automatically disable the high-risk entity if the detection means detects an at-risk entity located within the inner zone; and a signalling means configured to generate a 'Do Not Pass' signal when the high-risk entity is operational and a 'Safe Pass' signal when the high-risk entity is disabled.

2. The system according to claim 1, wherein the approved person is an operator of the high-risk entity.

3. The system according to any preceding claim, wherein the user-initiated button enables the approved person to disable the high-risk entity.

4. The system according to any preceding claim, wherein the alerting means is located on and/or in the high-risk entity.

5. The system according to any preceding claim, wherein the alerting means comprises a visual and/or audible alarm.

6. The system according to any preceding claim, wherein the automatic override comprises an isolator switch configured to turn the automatic override on/off.

7. The system according to any preceding claim, wherein the inner zone extends up to 5 meters

(m) from the centre of the high-risk entity and the outer zone extends up to 10 meters (m) from the centre of the high-risk entity.