EP4684544A1

EP4684544A1 - Spatial information adjusted environment perception

Info

Publication number: EP4684544A1
Application number: EP24715889.2A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Seyedomid TAGHIZADEH MOTLAGH; Prateek Basu Mallick; Joachim Löhr
Original assignee: Lenovo Singapore Pte Ltd
Current assignee: Lenovo Singapore Pte Ltd
Priority date: 2023-03-23
Filing date: 2024-03-25
Publication date: 2026-01-28
Also published as: CN120917776A; WO2024147122A1; GB2642004A

Abstract

Various aspects of the present disclosure relate to spatial information adjusted environment perception. An apparatus (900) is configured to transmit to a first device a first configuration for reporting obtained spatial information associated with the first device, transmit to a second device a second configuration for transmission of a sensing signal, transmit to a third device a third configuration for reception and sensing measurement of the transmitted sensing signal by the second device, transmit to the third device a fourth configuration for reporting the performed measurement according to the third configuration, receive a report of the conducted sensing measurements from the third device, and determine sensing information based on the received report.

Description

SPATIAL INFORMATION ADJUSTED ENVIRONMENT PERCEPTION

FIELD

[0001] The present disclosure relates to wireless communications, and more specifically to spatial information adjusted environment perception.

BACKGROUND

[0002] A wireless communications system may include one or multiple network communication devices, such as base stations, which may support wireless communications for one or multiple user communication devices, which may be otherwise known as user equipment (UE), or other suitable terminology. The wireless communications system may support wireless communications with one or multiple user communication devices by utilizing resources of the wireless communication system (e.g., time resources (e.g., symbols, slots, subframes, frames, or the like) or frequency resources (e.g., subcarriers, carriers, or the like). Additionally, the wireless communications system may support wireless communications across various radio access technologies including third generation (3G) radio access technology, fourth generation (4G) radio access technology, fifth generation (5G) radio access technology, among other suitable radio access technologies beyond 5G (e.g., sixth generation (6G)).

BRIEF SUMMARY

[0003] An article “a” before an element is unrestricted and understood to refer to “at least one” of those elements or “one or more” of those elements. The terms “a,” “at least one,” “one or more,” and “at least one of one or more” may be interchangeable. As used herein, including in the claims, “or” as used in a list of items (e.g., a list of items prefaced by a phrase such as “at least one of’ or “one or more of’ or “one or both of’) indicates an inclusive list such that, for example, a list of at least one of A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C). Also, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall not be construed as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step that is described as “based on condition A” may be based on both a condition A and a condition B without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall be construed in the same manner as the phrase “based at least in part on. Further, as used herein, including in the claims, a “set” may include one or more elements.

[0004] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may transmit to a first device a first configuration for reporting obtained spatial information associated with the first device, transmit to a second device a second configuration for transmission of a sensing signal, wherein transmission configuration parameters are determined based at least on the reported spatial information of the first device, transmit to a third device a third configuration for reception and sensing measurement of the transmitted sensing signal by the second device, wherein reception and/or sensing measurement configuration parameters are determined based at least in part on the reported spatial info of the first device, and a fourth configuration for reporting the performed measurement according to the third configuration. In one embodiment, the apparatus is configured to receive a report of the conducted sensing measurements from the third device and determine sensing information based on the received report.

[0005] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may receive a first configuration for obtaining spatial information associated with a first device and a second configuration for transmission of the obtained spatial information, obtain spatial information for the first device according to the first configuration, and transmit the obtained spatial information to a second device and a third device according to the second configuration, the obtained spatial information used for determining transmission configuration parameters and sensing information.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0006] Figure 1 illustrates an example of a wireless communications system in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0007] Figure 2 illustrates an example of different radio sensing scenarios in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0008] Figure 3 illustrates an example of object detection and/or identification in the user’s viewpoint in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0009] Figure 4 illustrates an example of a message sequence for spatial information- adjusted radio sensing measurement in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0010] Figure 5 illustrates an example of joint pose-adjusted sensing and downlink positioning measurement in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0011] Figure 6 illustrates an example of joint pose-adjusted sensing and uplink positioning measurement in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0012] Figure 7 illustrates an example of a UE in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0013] Figure 8 illustrates an example of a processor in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. [0014] Figure 9 illustrates an example of a network equipment (NE) in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0015] Figure 10 illustrates a flowchart of a method performed by a UE in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0016] Figure 11 illustrates a flowchart of a method performed by a NE in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] Generally, the present disclosure describes systems, methods, and apparatuses for spatial information adjusted environment perception. In certain embodiments, the methods may be performed using computer code embedded on a computer-readable medium. In certain embodiments, an apparatus or system may include a computer-readable medium containing computer-readable code which, when executed by a processor, causes the apparatus or system to perform at least a portion of the below described solutions.

[0018] Due to the lack of reliable visual capability, a blind and/or visually impaired (“BAVI”) person is not able to monitor, perceive or predict the surrounding environment. This hinders the BAVI person from numerous daily tasks that are deemed normal for visually capable humans including, e.g., detection of an obstacle and/or correct pathway in a walking/maneuvering route, detection and identification of an object of interest (e.g., when needed) in a surrounding environment. As such, of interest is detection and identification of the environment features which can be useful for supporting mobility and general environment perception of a BAVI person, with sufficient reliability and minimal active involvement of the BAVI person. From this prospective, the third generation partnership project (“3GPP”)-based wireless networks (e.g., 5G/6G system) have the potential to support the BAVI person with augmenting the environment awareness, provided with positioning of a BAVI user equipment (“UE”) device, reliable and/or low-latency transfer of related information to the BAVI support (e .g ., an available map information of the static environment related to a BAVI walking path), as well as the environment perception obtained via 3 GPP based network services.

[0019] In particular, radio sensing is expected to appear in the future of the cellular wireless networks, both as a mechanism to improve the network performance, as well as an enabler to serve vertical use-cases. For example, the 3GPP SAI TR 22.837 (incorporated herein by reference) includes related use-cases to object presence detection (e.g., UCs 5.1, 5.6, 5.7), tracking an object of interest (e.g., UCs 5.9, 5.10), road/mobility safety (UCs 5.2, 5.8, 5.31, etc.), and/or the like. Radio sensing obtains environment information by the means of transmission of a sensing signal, e.g., a sensing reference signal (“RS”), from a network or UE entity, hereafter termed as sensing transmission (“Tx”) node; reception of the reflections/echoes of the transmitted sensing excitation signal from the environment by a network or a UE entity, hereafter termed as sensing receiving (“Rx”) node; and/or processing of the received reflections and inferring relevant information from the environment.

[0020] In addition to the possibility of sensing/positioning of a general object relevant to the BA VI person, the discussed ambient internet of things (“loT”) technology, as presented in 3GPP TR 22.840 (incorporated herein by reference) enables active identification of objects of interest for a BAVI person, e.g., by installing radio frequency identification (“RFID”) tags/Ambient-IoT devices on personal belongings of the BAVI person (indoor and outdoor), related objects to the BAVI person’s maneuvering and/or exploration in a walking path facilitated with BAVI support, where the to-be-detected objects are equipped with an RF Tag.

[0021] In this disclosure, the solutions discussed herein are intended to mimic the visual environment perception of a visually capable person for a BAVI person, by obtaining related information to the environment perception, e.g., presence of an obstacle, detection, and identification of objects of interest, etc., with the assistance of the wireless network (e.g., 5G/6G system). In particular, in the context of wireless communication network services assisting a BAVI person, in this disclosure, various problems are addressed.

[0022] For instance, in one embodiment, pose information assisted radio sensing is discussed where a UE (e.g., belonging to a BAVI person) is capable of obtaining pose information of the BAVI user and the UE is further capable of obtaining UE positioning information (e.g., via global navigation satellite system (“GNSS”)/non-3GPP means of position estimation), and determine how the presence of an obstacle/object in the vicinity of the BAVI user and the direction of the user pose can be determined, utilizing capabilities of the wireless communication system (e.g., 5G/6G system).

[0023] In another embodiment, RFID tag detection/identification in a user view-point is discussed where a UE (e.g., belonging to a BAVI person), is capable of obtaining pose information of the BAVI user and the UE is further capable of obtaining UE positioning information (e.g., via GNSS/non-3GPP means of position estimation), determine how an ambient-IoT device (e.g., an RFID tag on an object of interest to the BAVI person) present in the direction of the user pose can be detected and identified, utilizing the capabilities of the wireless network (e.g., 5G/6G system).

[0024] In one embodiment, joint UE positioning and user pose monitoring is discussed where a UE (e.g., belonging to a BAVI person), is capable of obtaining pose information of the BAVI user, however, the UE is not capable of obtaining positioning information without assistance of 3GPP RAT dependent methods, and determine the presence of an obstacle/object in the direction of the user pose can be determined, jointly with the positioning information of the UE utilizing capabilities of the wireless communication system (e.g., 5G/6G system).

[0025] In one embodiment, joint UE positioning and RFID Tag identification is discussed where a UE (e.g., belonging to a BAVI person), is capable of obtaining pose information of the BA VI user, however, the UE is not capable of obtaining positioning information without assistance of 3GPP RAT dependent methods, and determine how an ambient-IoT device (e.g., an RFID tag on an obj ect of interest to the BAVI person) present in the direction of the user pose can be detected and identified, jointly with the positioning information of the UE, utilizing capabilities of the wireless communication system (e.g., 5G/6G system).

[0026] Figure 1 illustrates an example of a wireless communications system 100 in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The wireless communications system 100 may include one or more NE 102, one or more UE 104, and a core network (CN) 106. The wireless communications system 100 may support various radio access technologies. In some implementations, the wireless communications system 100 may be a 4G network, such as an LTE network or an LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) network. In some other implementations, the wireless communications system 100 may be a NR network, such as a 5G network, a 5G-Advanced (5G- A) network, or a 5G ultrawideband (5G-UWB) network. In other implementations, the wireless communications system 100 may be a combination of a 4G network and a 5G network, or other suitable radio access technology including Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20. The wireless communications system 100 may support radio access technologies beyond 5G, for example, 6G. Additionally, the wireless communications system 100 may support technologies, such as time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), or code division multiple access (CDMA), etc.

[0027] The one or more NE 102 may be dispersed throughout a geographic region to form the wireless communications system 100. One or more of the NE 102 described herein may be or include or may be referred to as a network node, a base station, a network element, a network function, a network entity, a radio access network (RAN), a NodeB, an eNodeB (eNB), a nextgeneration NodeB (gNB), or other suitable terminology. An NE 102 and a UE 104 may communicate via a communication link, which may be a wireless or wired connection. For example, an NE 102 and a UE 104 may perform wireless communication (e.g., receive signaling, transmit signaling) over a Uu interface. [0028] An NE 102 may provide a geographic coverage area for which the NE 102 may support services for one or more UEs 104 within the geographic coverage area. For example, an NE 102 and a UE 104 may support wireless communication of signals related to services (e.g., voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, etc.) according to one or multiple radio access technologies. In some implementations, an NE 102 may be moveable, for example, a satellite associated with a non-terrestrial network (NTN). In some implementations, different geographic coverage areas 112 associated with the same or different radio access technologies may overlap, but the different geographic coverage areas may be associated with different NE 102.

[0029] The one or more UE 104 may be dispersed throughout a geographic region of the wireless communications system 100. A UE 104 may include or may be referred to as a remote unit, a mobile device, a wireless device, a remote device, a subscriber device, a transmitter device, a receiver device, or some other suitable terminology. In some implementations, the UE 104 may be referred to as a unit, a station, a terminal, or a client, among other examples. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE 104 may be referred to as an Intemet-of-Things (loT) device, an Intemet-of- Everything (loE) device, or machine-type communication (MTC) device, among other examples.

[0030] A UE 104 may be able to support wireless communication directly with other UEs 104 over a communication link. For example, a UE 104 may support wireless communication directly with another UE 104 over a device-to-device (D2D) communication link. In some implementations, such as vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) deployments, vehicle -to-everything (V2X) deployments, or cellular-V2X deployments, the communication link 114 may be referred to as a sidelink. For example, a UE 104 may support wireless communication directly with another UE 104 over a PC5 interface.

[0031] AnNE 102 may support communications with the CN 106, or with another NE 102, or both. For example, an NE 102 may interface with other NE 102 or the CN 106 through one or more backhaul links (e.g., SI, N2, N2, or network interface). In some implementations, the NE 102 may communicate with each other directly. In some other implementations, the NE 102 may communicate with each other or indirectly (e.g., via the CN 106. In some implementations, one or more NE 102 may include subcomponents, such as an access network entity, which may be an example of an access node controller (ANC). An ANC may communicate with the one or more UEs 104 through one or more other access network transmission entities, which may be referred to as a radio heads, smart radio heads, or transmission-reception points (TRPs).

[0032] The CN 106 may support user authentication, access authorization, tracking, connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. The CN 106 may be an evolved packet core (EPC), or a 5G core (5GC), which may include a control plane entity that manages access and mobility (e.g., a mobility management entity (MME), an access and mobility management functions (AMF)) and a user plane entity that routes packets or interconnects to external networks (e.g., a serving gateway (S-GW), a Packet Data Network (PDN) gateway (P- GW), or a user plane function (UPF)). In some implementations, the control plane entity may manage non-access stratum (NAS) functions, such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management (e.g., data bearers, signal bearers, etc.) for the one or more UEs 104 served by the one or more NE 102 associated with the CN 106.

[0033] The CN 106 may communicate with a packet data network over one or more backhaul links (e.g., via an S I, N2, N2, or another network interface). The packet data network may include an application server. In some implementations, one or more UEs 104 may communicate with the application server. A UE 104 may establish a session (e.g., a protocol data unit (PDU) session, or the like) with the CN 106 via an NE 102. The CN 106 may route traffic (e.g., control information, data, and the like) between the UE 104 and the application server using the established session (e.g., the established PDU session). The PDU session may be an example of a logical connection between the UE 104 and the CN 106 (e.g., one or more network functions of the CN 106).

[0034] In the wireless communications system 100, the NEs 102 and the UEs 104 may use resources of the wireless communications system 100 (e.g., time resources (e.g., symbols, slots, subframes, frames, or the like) or frequency resources (e.g., subcarriers, carriers)) to perform various operations (e.g., wireless communications). In some implementations, the NEs 102 and the UEs 104 may support different resource structures. For example, the NEs 102 and the UEs 104 may support different frame structures. In some implementations, such as in 4G, the NEs 102 and the UEs 104 may support a single frame structure. In some other implementations, such as in 5G and among other suitable radio access technologies, the NEs 102 and the UEs 104 may support various frame structures (i.e., multiple frame structures). The NEs 102 and the UEs 104 may support various frame structures based on one or more numerologies.

[0035] One or more numerologies may be supported in the wireless communications system 100, and a numerology may include a subcarrier spacing and a cyclic prefix. A first numerology (e.g., i=0) may be associated with a first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. In some implementations, the first numerology (e.g., ^=0) associated with the first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) may utilize one slot per subframe. A second numerology (e.g., ju=l) may be associated with a second subcarrier spacing (e.g., 30 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. A third numerology (e.g., i=2) may be associated with a third subcarrier spacing (e.g., 60 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix or an extended cyclic prefix. A fourth numerology (e.g., ju=3) may be associated with a fourth subcarrier spacing (e.g., 120 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. A fifth numerology (e.g., ^=4) may be associated with a fifth subcarrier spacing (e.g., 240 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix.

[0036] A time interval of a resource (e.g., a communication resource) may be organized according to frames (also referred to as radio frames). Each frame may have a duration, for example, a 10 millisecond (ms) duration. In some implementations, each frame may include multiple subframes. For example, each frame may include 10 subframes, and each subframe may have a duration, for example, a 1 ms duration. In some implementations, each frame may have the same duration. In some implementations, each subframe of a frame may have the same duration.

[0037] Additionally or alternatively, a time interval of a resource (e.g., a communication resource) may be organized according to slots. For example, a subframe may include a number (e.g., quantity) of slots. The number of slots in each subframe may also depend on the one or more numerologies supported in the wireless communications system 100. For instance, the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth numerologies (i.e., jU=O, jU=l, ,11=2. [1=3, =4) associated with respective subcarrier spacings of 15 kHz, 30 kHz, 60 kHz, 120 kHz, and 240 kHz may utilize a single slot per subframe, two slots per subframe, four slots per subframe, eight slots per subframe, and 16 slots per subframe, respectively. Each slot may include a number (e.g., quantity) of symbols (e.g., OFDM symbols). In some implementations, the number (e.g., quantity) of slots for a subframe may depend on a numerology. For a normal cyclic prefix, a slot may include 14 symbols. For an extended cyclic prefix (e.g., applicable for 60 kHz subcarrier spacing), a slot may include 12 symbols. The relationship between the number of symbols per slot, the number of slots per subframe, and the number of slots per frame for a normal cyclic prefix and an extended cyclic prefix may depend on a numerology. It should be understood that reference to a first numerology (e.g., i=0) associated with a first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) may be used interchangeably between subframes and slots.

[0038] In the wireless communications system 100, an electromagnetic (EM) spectrum may be split, based on frequency or wavelength, into various classes, frequency bands, frequency channels, etc. By way of example, the wireless communications system 100 may support one or multiple operating frequency bands, such as frequency range designations FR1 (410 MHz - 7.125 GHz), FR2 (24.25 GHz - 52.6 GHz), FR3 (7.125 GHz - 24.25 GHz), FR4 (52.6 GHz - 114.25 GHz), FR4a or FR4-1 (52.6 GHz - 71 GHz), and FR5 (114.25 GHz - 300 GHz). In some implementations, the NEs 102 and the UEs 104 may perform wireless communications over one or more of the operating frequency bands. In some implementations, FR1 may be used by the NEs 102 and the UEs 104, among other equipment or devices for cellular communications traffic (e.g., control information, data). In some implementations, FR2 may be used by the NEs 102 and the UEs 104, among other equipment or devices for short-range, high data rate capabilities.

[0039] FR1 may be associated with one or multiple numerologies (e.g., at least three numerologies). For example, FR1 may be associated with a first numerology (e.g., jU=O), which includes 15 kHz subcarrier spacing; a second numerology (e.g., _Ju=l), which includes 30 kHz subcarrier spacing; and a third numerology (e.g., jU=2), which includes 60 kHz subcarrier spacing. FR2 may be associated with one or multiple numerologies (e.g., at least 2 numerologies). For example, FR2 may be associated with a third numerology (e.g., ^=2), which includes 60 kHz subcarrier spacing; and a fourth numerology (e.g., jU=3), which includes 120 kHz subcarrier spacing.

[0040] Figure 2 illustrates an example of different radio sensing scenarios in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. Figure 2 depicts scenarios of network-based and UE-based (SL-based) radio sensing operations, and the conventional solutions, cover scenarios of radio sensing where the network configures the participating sensing entities, e.g., network and UE nodes acting as sensing Tx nodes, network and UE nodes acting as sensing Rx nodes, as well as the configuration of sensing RS and necessary measurements and reporting procedures from the nodes. In this regard, the functional split between the network and the UE nodes for a specific sensing task may take various forms, depending on the availability of sensing-capable devices and the requirements of the specific sensing operation.

[0041] Case I 202 - Sensing Tx as a network node and Sensing Rx as a separate network node: in this case, the sensing RS (or another RS used for sensing or the data/control channels known to the network transmit/receive point (“TRP”) nodes) is transmitted and received by network entities. The involvement of UE nodes are limited to the aspects of interference management, when necessary. The network does not utilize UEs for sensing assistance in this scenario.

[0042] Case II 204 - Sensing Tx as a network node and Sensing Rx as the same network node: the sensing RS (or another RS used for sensing or the data/control channels known to the network TRP nodes) is transmitted and received by the same network entity. The involvement of UE nodes are limited to the aspects of interference management, when necessary. The network does not utilize UEs for sensing assistance in this scenario.

[0043] Case III 206 - Sensing Tx as network node and Sensing Rx as a UE node: in this case, the sensing RS or other RS used for sensing is transmitted by a network entity and received by one or multiple UE nodes. The network configures the UEs to act as a sensing Rx node, according to the UE nodes capabilities for sensing, as well as desired sensing task. [0044] Case IV 208 - Sensing Tx as a UE node and Sensing Rx as a network node: in this case, the sensing RS or other RS used for sensing (or a data/control channel transmitted by the UE) is received by one or multiple network entities and transmitted by a UE node. The network configures the UE to act as a sensing Tx node, according to the UE nodes capabilities for sensing, as well as the nature of the desired sensing task.

[0045] Case V 210 - Sensing Tx as a UE node and Sensing Rx as a separate UE node: in this case, the sensing RS or other RS used for sensing is received by one or multiple UE nodes and transmitted by a UE node. In this case, the network, or a UE node may potentially decide on configuration of the sensing scenario. In one instance, the network configures the UEs to act as a sensing Tx and/or sensing Rx nodes, according to the UE nodes capabilities for sensing, as well as the nature of the desired sensing task.

[0046] Case VI 212 - Sensing Tx as a UE node and Sensing Rx as the same UE node: in this case, the sensing RS (or another RS used for sensing or the data/control channels known to the UE) is transmitted by a UE node and received by the same UE node. In this case, the UE or the network configures the sensing scenario, according to the UE nodes capabilities for sensing, as well as the nature of the desired sensing task.

[0047] The above scenarios are not intended to be restricted to a specific UE type and may include any UE category and/or functionality (e.g., a UE roadside unit (“RSU”)). In any of the above scenarios, and of the roles depicted for gNB and/or UE may be replaced (with equal validity as an example of a radio sensing scenario) with a smart repeater node, and IAB node, an RSU.

[0048] Regarding user pose information, TR 22.856 (incorporated herein by reference) defines pose as “the relative location, orientation, and direction of the parts of a whole. The pose can refer the user, specifically used in terms of identifying the position of a user's body. The pose can also refer to an entity or object (whose parts can adopt different locations, orientations, etc.) that the user interacts with by means of mobile metaverse services.” For the purpose of the current disclosure, the pose information may include any (or all) interpretations of the above definition.

[0049] As used herein, an autonomous virtual alter ego may refer to an artificial intelligence (“AI”)-based digital representation behaving autonomously on behalf of a user herself/himself in the mobile metaverse services.

[0050] As used herein, a conference may refer to an IP multimedia session with two or more participants. Each conference has a “conference focus”. A conference can be uniquely identified by a user. Examples for a conference could be a Telepresence or a multimedia game, in which the conference focus is located in a game server. [0051] As used herein, a conference focus may refer to an entity that has abilities to host conferences including their creation, maintenance, and manipulation of the media. A conference focus implements the conference policy (e.g. rules for talk burst control, assign priorities and participant’s rights).

[0052] As used herein, a digital asset may refer to anything that is stored digitally and is uniquely identifiable that can be used to realize value. Examples of digital assets include digital images (avatars).

[0053] As used herein, a digital asset container may refer to a virtual container in which the user holds his/her digital assets (cryptocurrencies, tokens such as NFT, purchased items, IDs...). This digital asset container also allows to provide his/her Know Your Customer (“KYC”) - to provide proof without disclosing information (to prove an element of the identity without revealing the personal data). Some of the information stored in this digital asset container can be certified (such as IDs, because it has already been authenticated upstream and is encrypted). User information can be managed by several different platforms (third parties).

[0054] As used herein, a digital representation may refer to the mobile metaverse media associated with the presentation of a particular virtual or physical object. The digital representation could present the current state of the object. One example of a digital representation is an avatar.

[0055] As used herein, a digital twin may refer to a real-time representation of physical assets in a digital world.

[0056] As used herein, a gesture may refer to a change in the pose that is considered significant, e.g., as a discriminated interaction with a mobile metaverse service.

[0057] As used herein, an immersive may refer to a characteristic of a service offering augmented reality (“AR”)/mixed reality (“MR”)/virtual reality (“VR”) media that appears realistic and acceptable to the user, generally so rapidly responsive to user interaction that the user can behave as they would interacting with real objects.

[0058] As used herein, localization may refer to a known location in three-dimensional space, including an orientation, e.g., defined as pitch, yaw and roll.

[0059] As used herein, location related service experience may refer to user interaction and information provided by a service to a user that is relevant to the physical location in which the user accesses the service.

[0060] As used herein, location agnostic service experience may refer to user interaction and information provided by a service to a user that has little or no relation to the physical location in which the user accesses the service. Rather the service provides interaction and information concerning either a distant or a non-existent physical location. [0061] As used herein, spatial anchor may refer to an association between a location in space (three dimensions) and service information that can be used to identify and access services, e.g. information to access AR media content.

[0062] As used herein, spatial map may refer to a collection of information that corresponds to space, including information gathered from sensors concerning characteristics of the forms in that space, especially appearance information.

[0063] As used herein, spatial mapping service may refer to a service offered by a mobile network operator that gathers sensor data to create and maintain a spatial map that can be used to offer customers spatial localization service.

[0064] As used herein, spatial localization service may refer to a service offered by a mobile network operator that can provide customers with localization.

[0065] As used herein, a user identifier may refer to a piece of information used to identify one specific user identity in one or more systems.

[0066] As used herein, a user identity may refer to information representing a user in a specific context. A user can have several user identities, e.g. a user identity in the context of his profession, or a private user identity for some aspects of private life.

[0067] As used herein, a user identity profile may refer to a collection of information associated with the user identities of a user.

[0068] In general, the subject matter disclosed herein is directed to solutions for spatial information adjusted environment perception. In one example embodiment, considering a maneuvering scenario of a BAVI person, a user (e.g., a BA VI person) is at point A (e.g., a threshold or entry of his home). The user initiates a route search to his desired destination B. A location service such as Google Map or an equivalent application calculates his path from A to B. In one embodiment, this may need knowledge of available paths and a determination of the best path that contains support from operator for one or multiple of services (sensing service, Ambient-IoT service, data traffic service, or the like). The user starts its maneuvering/walking path. The information of the environment., e.g., presence of an obstacle, detection, and/or identification of the objects of the surrounding environment of the user (or a combination thereof) are determined, with the assistance of the wireless communication system (e.g., 5G/6G system). The obtained sensing information is sent/exposed to the user (e.g., the BAVI person). The user changes its location (e.g., steps forward) and/or pose information, which may be repeated multiple times, e.g., until the user reaches the destination. The user reaches the destination and terminates the journey.

[0069] To facilitate the procedure above, pose information assisted environment monitoring is described where a UE device (e.g., belonging to the BAVI user) obtains spatial information of a user (e.g., pose information of the BA VI person) as well as the positioning information of the UE (e.g., from the application, from non-RAT-dependent methods, from RAT- dependent positioning methods, etc.), and determines an area of interest for monitoring based on the said pose information. The said area of interest (or a spatial information defining the area of interest for monitoring) is then indicated to the sensing/excitation transmitter and/or receiver nodes. Subsequently, the sensing/excitation transmitter node is configured to transmit a signal, according to the obtained spatial/pose information. Furthermore, a sensing/excitation receiver node is configured to receive the transmitted signal. The sensing/excitation receiver node then process the received signal and infer environment information (e.g., presence of an object/obstacle, detection/identification of objects/tags) and informs the network of the obtained environment information.

[0070] Further, a joint UE positioning and User view-point monitoring is discussed where a UE device (e.g., belonging to the BA VI user) obtains pose information of the BA VI person. The UE position and the environment information related to the viewer pose is obtained, among others, by one or multiple anchor nodes (with known position) transmitting DL reference signals and the BA VI UE performing measurement (positioning measurement, sensing measurement, RFID tag detection, etc.) on the received DL signal, and/or the BA VI user transmitting UL reference signals received and measured at the anchor nodes and/or the BA VI user. Furthermore, the UE position and the environment information related to the viewer pose of the BA VI is obtained among others, based on the measurements of the reflected signals measured at anchor nodes and/ or BA VI UE, signals e.g., reference signals may have been transmitted by the same node or by others.

[0071] It is to be understood that this disclosure is not limited to the single embodiment and/or implementation elements individually, and one or more elements from one or more implementations and/or embodiments may be combined to construct a new embodiment.

[0072] Furthermore, it is to be understood that within some of the embodiments a UE device may act as source of spatial information related to a radio sensing procedure. The UE device may be termed as BA VI UE, the UE, a UE, or the like. However, it is understood that the above terminology is not intended to restrict the applicable examples of this disclosure to a specific application of a UE, specific category/capability class of a UE, or a specific type of spatial information that may be obtained by a UE. Moreover, any of the terms of a UE, the UE, BAVI UE, BAVI, User, in some embodiments, may be interpreted as a standalone UE, a User XR/MR/VR glass or microphone/headset/haptic device headgear as (part of) a UE, a User XR/MR/VR glass or microphone/headset/haptic device paired with a UE (via a non-3GPP or a sideline (“SL”) connection), the pairing may be using 3GPP Uu/ Sidelink interface, Bluetooth or any other form of device to device communication.

[0073] Figure 3 depicts one embodiment directed to radio sensing measurements adjustment via spatial information translation. First, a sensing management entity/fiinction (hereinafter known as a “SensMF”) is defined 302. The SensMF, in one embodiment, primarily configures a sensing measurement process including configuring transmission resources of a sensing signal by a sensing Tx node 304, configuring reception and measurement of the transmitted sensing signal by a sensing Rx node 306, reporting of the obtained measurements, or a combination thereof. This is done at least in part, based on the spatial information obtained and/or computed and indicated by a UE device 308. In some embodiments, the spatial information is determined, at least in part, based on the obtained pose information of a user by the UE device 308.

[0074] Figure 4 depicts an example procedure for spatial information (e.g., pose information of a BA VI User) adjusted radio sensing measurement process is depicted. In some embodiments, one or multiple of the messages may not follow the above order/sequence. In an example embodiment, at 1 (see block 402), SensMF 407 configures the sensing measurement and reporting setup. In one embodiment, SensMF 407 configures the Sensing Tx nodes 403. The SensMF 407 configures the sensing Tx nodes 403 to transmit a sensing/excitation signal, wherein the said configuration may include indication of a reference signal (e.g., a sensing RS, a channel state information (“CSI”)-RS, sounding reference signal (“SRS”), positioning reference signal (“PRS”), or the like), time-frequency resources, signal sequence generation, mapping of the generated signal sequence to physical resources, beam indication, waveform type indication (e.g., cyclic prefix (“CP”)-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (“OFDM”), orthogonal time frequency space (“OTFS”, or the like), or the like), waveform defining parameters (e.g., subcarrier spacing (“SCS”), CP overhead, or the like), etc. The transmission resources may be scheduled as periodical resources, may be scheduled semi-persistently, or dynamically.

[0075] In one embodiment, SensMF 407 configures the Sensing Rx nodes 405. The SensMF 407 configures the sensing Rx nodes 405 for reception of one or multiple signals transmitted by one or multiple sensing Tx nodes 403 and/or performing measurement on the received signals. The reception and/or measurement configuration may include indication of a reception beam (e.g., a qCL type-D relation to a previously known beam), or beam-defining information (e.g., spatial information indicating area/angle of interest for sensing/monitoring). In some examples, the measurement configuration may include indication of energy/power measurement of one or multiple received paths (e.g., reference signal received power (“RSRP”), RSR path power (“RSRPP”), delay/time of arrival (“ToA”)/time of flight (“ToF”) measurement of the received signal on one or multiple paths, doppler shift measurement of one or multiple paths. Furthermore, in some embodiments, the SensMF 407 configures the sensing Rx nodes 405 with a reporting configuration to report the obtained sensing measurements to the SensMF 407. The reporting configuration may include a set of time-frequency resources for reporting, a condition/criterion for transmission of a report, the type of information to be included in the report message.

[0076] In one embodiment, SensMF 407 configures the UE 401 (e.g., BA VI UE) node 401. The SensMF 407 configures the UE 401 for obtaining and/or reporting (to other UE 401s and/or to the SensMF 407) of spatial information of one or more of the UE 401 (e.g., BA VI UE), the user, the XR/VR glass (the glass may as well be a comparable device installed on the ears, similar to headphone). In some embodiments, spatial information describes the area of view/attention of a user. In some embodiments, the spatial information is obtained based on the obtained pose information of the user and/or a UE 401 (a BAVI UE) and/or a glass, a relative range/distance of interest to the UE 401 or the user, the position of the UE 401/User/glass, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the said spatial information may be computed based (at least in part) on and/or include but not limited to, the relative or absolute orientation and/or direction or position estimate of the head or glass, the relative or absolute orientation and/or direction or position estimate of the user body, a relative distance to a UE 401 within which the environment is of interest to be sensed/monitored or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the said spatial information is defined in the local coordinate system of the UE 401 (e.g., the UE 401 owned by the BAVI user), translated into a local coordinate system of one or multiple other nodes (sensing Tx/Rx nodes 403, 405) by a UE 401 (e.g., BAVI UE) or by the SensMF 407, or to a global coordinate system. In some embodiments, the location services (“LCS”) of the UE 401s to which the spatial information is to be translated are indicated to the UE 401 translating the obtained spatial information, directly by the said other UE 401s or by the SensMF 407. In some embodiments, the configuration for obtaining the said spatial information by the UE 401 include a reporting configuration and/or time -frequency resources over which the said spatial information is transferred (e.g., from the glass, from the network, etc.) to the UE 401.

[0077] At 2 (see block 404), in one embodiment, the spatial information describing the area of interest for sensing/monitoring is obtained/determined by the UE 401 (e.g., BAVI UE), according to the received configuration. In some embodiments, the determination is done periodically according to an indicated time-pattern for validity of the spatial information by SensMF 407, or dynamically, upon indication of SensMF 407, or event based, when a UE 401 or the SensMF 407 determine that a previously determined spatial info is no longer valid or when a new element of the spatial information-related information is provided by a higher layer/application. In one implementation, a UE 401 belonging to a BA VI person is configured by the SensMF 407 to obtain pose information of the user, e.g., every 100 msec.

[0078] At 3 (see block 406), in one embodiment, the obtained information is reported to the SensMF 407 or directly to the sensing Tx and/or sensing Rx nodes 403, 405, e.g., via a sidelink physical channel. The reporting configuration may include a set of time-frequency resources for reporting, a condition/ criterion for transmission of a report, the type of information to be included in the report message, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the determination and/or reporting of the updated spatial information is done when a previous spatial/pose information is no longer valid and/or modified beyond an indicated threshold, e.g., when the head and/or body direction or orientation is modified more than 15 degrees in the azimuth angle or 10 degrees in the elevation angle or when the BA VI has moved e.g., location changes more than certain threshold distance e.g., 50 cm., 1 meter, 5 feet, or the like. In some embodiments, the determined spatial information is indicated (e.g., to the SensMF 407 or directly to the sensing Tx/Rx nodes 403, 405) via an index from a codebook, wherein the codebook includes description of the spatial information absolutely (index of an area segment, e.g., a half-north part of a room) or relatively (e.g., area of interest for sensing/monitoring moves one meter towards north compared to the last spatial information).

[0079] At 4a (see block 408), in one embodiment, based on the received spatial information from SensMF 407 or the UE 401, the Sensing Tx node 403 adjusts at least a subset of its transmission parameters.

[0080] In some embodiments, the Sensing Tx node adjustments further include a determination step for the sensing area of interest according to the local coordinate system of the Sensing Tx node 403. In some embodiments, the information for translation of the LCS of the UE 401 (BAVI UE 401) to the LCS of the Sensing Tx node 403 or the global coordinate system is indicated by the SensMF 407 as part of the indicated configuration information to the Sensing Tx node 403.

[0081] In some embodiments, the said adjustment includes determining a transmission beam in the direction of area of interest for sensing, e.g., based on the determined area of interest at the sensing Tx node 403 according to the LCS of the sensing Tx node 403, and a criterion indicated by the SensMF 407, e.g., a transmission energy criteria per-area of the determined desired area for sensing. [0082] At 4b (see block 410), in one embodiment, based on the received spatial information from SensMF 407 or the UE 401, the Sensing Rx node 405 adjusts at least a subset of its reception and/or measurement parameters.

[0083] In some embodiments, the Sensing Rx node adjustments further includes a determination step for the sensing area of interest according to the local coordinate system of the Sensing Rx node 405. In some embodiments, the information fortranslation of the LCS of the UE 401 (BAVI UE 401) to the LCS of the Sensing Rx node 405 or the global coordinate system is indicated by the SensMF 407 as part of the indicated configuration information to the Sensing Rx node 405.

[0084] In some embodiments, the said adjustment includes determining a transmission beam in the direction of area of interest for sensing, e.g., based on the determined area of interest at the sensing Rx node 405 according to the LCS of the sensing Rx node 405, and a criterion indicated by the SensMF 407, e.g., a transmission energy criteria per-area of the determined desired area for sensing.

[0085] In some embodiments, when a permissibility condition is indicated as part of the sensing measurement configuration to a sensing Rx node 405 (e.g., measurement of the paths that satisfy an indicated delay/ToF/FoA range, paths within a permissible azimuth/elevation angle range, or a path within an indicated range of doppler shift), as part of the Rx adjustments of the Sensing Rx node 405, the said permissibility condition is further translated based on the on LCS of the Sensing Rx node 405, the LCS of the UE 401, the global coordinate system, indication/configuration received from the SensMF 407 for the translation of the said permissibility condition, or a combination thereof.

[0086] In some embodiments, all or subset of the information for adjustment of the Tx or Rx parameters, e.g., the information for translation of the spatial info, the criteria for beam adjustment according to a determined area of interest for sensing, are indicated by the SensMF 407 or the UE 401 via multi-cast signaling within the group of sensing Tx node 403 (a group ID- 1), Sensing Rx nodes 405 (a group ID-2) or a combined group of sensing Tx and Sensing Rx nodes 403, 405 (e.g., a group ID-3). In some embodiments, the said groups of sensing Tx and/or sensing Rx nodes 403, 405 are determining and pre-configured by the SensMF 407. In some embodiments, when the said groups are configured by the SensMF 407, the associated group ID is then communicated to the UE 401/RAN node as part of the reporting configuration (e.g., of the spatial information).

[0087] At 5 (see block 412), in one embodiment, the sensing measurement process is activated over the configured resources via an activation indication. This may be done automatically (e.g., without further configuration and/or indication by the SensMF 407 and/or the UE 401), e.g., upon scheduling of periodic resources for the sensing operation wherein the sensing transmission and reception/measurement is automatically activated upon an a priori indicated timing, explicitly, e.g., via an activation command by the SensMF 407 (e.g., a downlink control information (“DCI”) indication, a medium access control (“MAC”) -control element (“CE”) activation, an indication of activation via a sidelink connection) or can be done implicitly, e.g., upon reception of an update on the area of interest to be sensed/monitored, updated spatial information, from the SensMF 407 or from a UE 401 (e.g., BAVI UE 401) via a direct communication, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the time-frequency resources over which an activation command may be communicated (e.g., in SL) is a priori indicated (by a UE 401 scheduling the sensing operation or by the network) to the involved nodes (e.g., specific RE of second symbol of each subframe of a carrier in the NR frame structure). In some embodiments, the activation command may activate only a subset of Sensing Tx and/or Rx nodes 403, 405 for sensing.

[0088] At 6 (see block 414), in one embodiment, the sensing Tx node 403 transmits the signal according to the received configuration. The sensing Rx node 405 receives sensing signal and performs sensing Rx measurements based on the received signal, according to the received configuration.

[0089] At 7 (see block 416), in one embodiment, the Sensing Rx nodes 405 report the performed sensing measurement to the SensMF 407, according to the received reporting configuration.

[0090] At 8 (see block 418), in one embodiment, the SensMF 407 collects sensing measurements and determines desired sensing information, e.g., presence of an obstacle in the related area to the user viewpoint, position of an object/obstacle, the detected object/tags, if a condition holds on the detected object/tags by the SensMF 407 (e.g., if specific object is detected among the detected objects), and/or the like.

[0091] In some embodiments, the configuration for determination and type of the related spatial information (e.g., by a UE 401), the reporting configuration of the determined spatial information, the determination of sensing Tx nodes 403, the sensing Rx nodes 405, and type of the configured sensing measurement is done by the SensMF 407, at least in part, according to one or more of the capability of the available nodes (e.g., BAVI UE 401, sensing Tx, and/or sensing Rx nodes 403, 405) for transmission of a sensing signal, capability of the available nodes for sensing measurement/reception, and/or the like; Positioning capability of the UE 401 via RAT dependent and/or RAT independent methods; UE 401 (e.g., BAVI UE, sensing Tx, and/or sensing Rx nodes 403, 405) synchronization capability of the global coordinate system by the UE 401 (e.g., accuracy and/or error margin/mean square error (“MSE”), error with confidence of 99%, etc. of the angular azimuth or elevation values in the LCS of the UE 401 translated to the true values of the global coordinate system and that of translated by the UE 401 to the global coordinate system at the UE 401); the positioning accuracy and synchronization capability of the nodes; and availability of the spatial information/spatial information type (e.g., pose information), type of the accessible spatial information, accuracy of the spatial info, latency of obtaining the spatial information by a UE 401, and/or the like. In one example, a periodic sensing signal is configured by the SensMF 407, based on, at least in part, periodicity of the spatial information update, which is indicated by a UE 401 (e.g., BA VI UE).

[0092] In some embodiments, one or multiple of the above steps may be repeated multiple times, e.g., steps 2-8 are repeated every time a UE position changes, or repeated periodically according to a time-patten, until the sensing process is terminated.

[0093] In some embodiments, a termination message is transmitted from the SensMF to the sensing Tx and/or Sensing Rx nodes, indicating that the configured periodic and/or semi- persistent resourced for sensing transmission and/or reception may not be used in the future.

[0094] In some embodiments, the activation and/or periodicity of the configured sensing signal is determined, at least in part, based on a validity period for the obtained spatial information by the UE, a validity period for the environment information (e.g., obtained by the SensMF or by the UE), the speed/velocity of the UE (e.g., BA VI UE), or a combination thereof.

[0095] In some embodiments, a UE is configured for determination of multiple spatial information/spatial information types. In such an embodiment, each spatial information type may be associated with a dedicated reporting configuration and/or a sensing Tx and a sensing Rx node configuration.

[0096] In some embodiments, the measurement configuration (e.g., indicated to the sensing Rx nodes for sensing measurements) further includes an indication of a set of RFID tags; processing for detection/identification of RFID tag IDs; pre-configured signal pattern of retransmission by a UE; detection of a pattern of a UE response/transmission; and/or a set of UE response/transmission patterns of interest to be detected.

[0097] In some embodiments, a UE or device (e.g., a UE co-located with an object of interest to be detected/identified and/or a UE accompanied with a person to be detected identified as a BA VI UE) is configured or pre-configured with one or multiple signal patterns according to which a UE detects an activation event. The pattern may include, among others, one or multiple signal sequence and/or time-frequency resource pattern according to which the signal pattern is generated and transmitted. Example of signal patterns include one or multiple indicated reference signals indicated to the said UE. The signal/activation patterns may be configured by the network, or pre-configured at the UE.

[0098] Further, in one embodiment, a UE or device (e.g., a UE co-located with an object of interest to be detected/identified and/or a UE accompanied with a person to be detected identified as a BAVI UE) is configured or pre -configured with generation and transmission of a response signal, upon detection of an activation signal pattern, based on at least in part on one or multiple of the detected activation signal, the pre-configured set of the signal sequences, the time/frequency resources at which the activation signal is received, pre-configured set of timefrequency resources for response signal transmission, and local information at the UE/device.

[0099] In one example, a UE (e.g., installed on an object of interest to be detected and identified) is configured with one or multiple signal patterns (e.g., reference signals with different sequence generation parameters), which may be transmitted at a first symbol of each subframe, according to the NR frame structure. The UE measures RSRP associated with the indicated one or multiple signal patterns at the indicated time-occasions. Upon the satisfaction of some criteria, e.g., measured RSRP of one or the indicated RS is above an indicated threshold, the UE then transmits a response signal, according to the received configuration. In one example, the response signal is re-transmission of the same detected RS in a first symbol of the next slot. In another example, the response signal is selected among four different time-domain occasions, frequency domain resource patterns, signal sequence generation parameters, or a combination thereof, based on a local state of the UE. In some embodiments, a UE state may be determined based on positioning information of the UE transmitting the response, or additional information available at the UE.

[0100] In another example, the device is an RFID tag, with a pre-configured backscattering parameter, where the RFID backscattering parameters are known to the SensMF. The measurement configuration of the sensing Rx nodes may include one or more of the RFID backscattering parameters, indication of an RFID tag detection, and/or the like. The sensing measurement report of the sensing Rx node indicated with RFID tag detection and/or identification may include an indication of the detected tag IDs.

[0101] In some embodiments, one or multiple sensing Tx and/or one or multiple sensing Rx nodes may be cast as a group, for which a group common ID/radio network temporary identifier (“RNTI”) may be assigned. For the nodes within the same group, PC5 or Uu multi -cast signaling may be used to communicate the obtained spatial information (e.g., directly by the BAVI UE, another UE, or by the network), with periodic resources or semi-persistent resources for spatial information update. [0102] In some embodiments, resource scheduling for updating spatial information may be periodic or semi-persistent. It can be part of the physical downlink shared channel (“PDSCH”) or physical downlink control channel (“PDCCH”) with DCI with cyclic redundancy check (“CRC”) scrambled with group common RNTI associated with the group of sensing Tx and Rx nodes, or within a sidelink physical channel (e.g., PSCCH and/or PSSCH). When semi-persistent scheduling is used for the reporting of the spatial information, the activation/deactivation of the spatial information reporting may be indicated by the SensMF or by the BA VI UE when a change on the UE position and/or the obtained UE position or spatial/pose information is detected, or it is determined that the BA VI UE is not static.

[0103] When semi -persistent scheduling is used for a sensing transmission and measurement process, the activation/deactivation of the sensing process may be indicated by the SensMF or by the BAVI UE when it is determined that a previous spatial information and/or an environment state is no longer valid, e.g., a change on the UE position and/or the obtained UE position or spatial/pose information is detected, a validity time of a spatial information and/or validity time of an environment state (e.g., when the environment may have moved compared to a previously detected state of the environment) is reached. Upon reception of a new spatial information, the sensing Tx node may then choose part of the transmission parameters (e.g., beam) based on the received spatial information and the sensing Rx node may then choose part of its signal reception parameters based on the received spatial information.

[0104] In some embodiments, the nodes belonging to a configured group of sensing Rx nodes may be configured to transmit a report on the measurements conducted on the received signal based on the transmitted signal by the BAVI UE. In one example the group of sensing Rx nodes are configured to receive the sensing signal and perform measurements on the received sensing signal via a group common control signaling (e.g., using the group common ID of the sensing Rx nodes). Upon the determination of the spatial/pose information (e.g., direction of the body, direction of movement, orientation of the head/body) with or without the determination of the UE position, the BAVI UE transmits according to a scheduled resource via a self-determined beam in the direction of the user pose (e.g., the same direction as the head or body direction or orientation, or a combination thereof as determined by the BAVI UE). Upon reception of the signal transmitted at the scheduled resources, the group of the sensing Rx nodes scheduled/configured with the reception and measurement of the sensing signal (according to the group ID) perform sensing measurements and reporting of the received signal (e.g., to the SensMF or to the BAVI UE). [0105] In some embodiments, the sensing Rx nodes utilize omnidirectional reception beams or a same Rx beam with qCL relation to a beam used for reception of the signal from the BA VI UE, or a wide beam (e.g., determined with aminimum beam width as indicated by the BAVI UE or SensMF) in the same direction of the beam used for reception of the signal from the BAVI UE or in the direction of the BAVI UE (based on the position indication of the BAVI UE by SensMF or by the BAVI UE).

[0106] In some embodiments, the nodes belonging to a configured group of sensing Tx nodes may be configured to transmit a sensing signal, based on spatial information indicated by the BAVI UE or by the SensMF. In one example, the sensing Tx nodes utilize unidirectional transmission beams, a Tx beam with qCL relation to the beam used for reception of the signal from the BAVI UE, or a wide beam (e.g., determined with a minimum beam width as indicated by the BAVI UE or SensMF) in the same direction of the beam used for reception of the signal from the BAVI UE or in the direction of the BAVI UE (based on the position indication of the BAVI UE by SensMF or by the BAVI UE) . In one example the BAVI UE is configured to receive the sensing signal and perform measurements on the received sensing signal. Upon the determination of the spatial/pose information (e.g., direction of the body, direction of movement, orientation of the head/body) with or without the determination of the UE position, the BAVI UE adjusts its reception beam according to the direction of the user pose (e.g., the same direction as the head or body direction or orientation, or a combination thereof).

[0107] In some embodiments, the UE is capable of and/or configured to autonomously adjust its one or multiple transmission and/or reception parameters within the resources allocated for sensing signal transmission or reception (e.g., beam direction), based on the determined spatial information, or the received/reported spatial information, or a combination thereof. In one embodiment, the BAVI UE determines the desired beam for sensing transmission and reception, based on the obtained spatial/pose information, and jointly acts as sensing transmitter and sensing receiver, and performs sensing measurement/detection of object/devices in the sensing direction.

[0108] In some embodiments, one or multiple sensing Tx nodes are configured with transmission of sensing signal and sensing Rx nodes are configured with reception and measurement of the sensing signal (e.g., via control information transmitted via group common signaling), via semi-persistent scheduling of the sensing signal resources. In some embodiments, the one or multiple sensing Tx nodes and/or sensing Rx nodes are UEs and communicate, transmit and receive via resources assigned for physical sidelink channels. Upon determination of updated spatial information by the BAVI UE (e.g., update of the area of interest for sensing based on the update spatial/pose information, expiration of the validity period of the spatial/pose information or calculated spatial information), the BA VI UE transmits an indication of a new area of interest for sensing/monitoring (e.g., via an index from a codebook) within the scheduled resources for indication of the spatial information update.

[0109] In some embodiments, the indication of the new spatial information is transmitted via a control signaling multicast within the group of sensing Tx and Sensing Rx nodes. Moreover, the sensing Tx and sensing Rx nodes are configured by the SensMF for activation of the sensing signal transmission and reception, according to a time-pattern relative to the reception of a new spatial information indication (e.g., by SensMF or by the BA VI UE), e.g., the subframe after the subframe in which the new spatial information is received. Subsequently, the sensing Tx and Rx nodes activate the sensing measurement process according to the received indication (e.g., with adjustments of the Tx/Rx beams according to the updated spatial information). In some embodiments, the reporting occasion of an activated sensing measurement process is implicitly configured by the SensMF via a timing relation to the start or end of the sensing measurement process, e.g., the subframe after the subframe in which the new spatial information is received.

[0110] In some embodiments, the sensing Tx nodes, the sensing Rx nodes, or a combination/subset thereof are RAN nodes (e.g. gNB/TRP nodes, IAB node, etc.), UE nodes (e.g., BA VI UE node and the UEs in the vicinity of the BAVI UE), or a combination thereof.

[0111] In some embodiments, the SensMF is one or combination of multiple entities (including one or multiple of core network entities, RAN nodes, a UE), which performs, among others, one or multiple of determination of a method to obtain a sensing information, collecting capability information of the RAN/sensing nodes, requesting, configuring and obtaining sensing measurements from the sensing nodes, maintaining and/or updating the detected object information, computing sensing results from the obtained sensing measurements, exposing the obtained sensing results/information to the requesting entity. In some embodiments, the SensMF is a core network entity, a RAN node (e.g., serving gNB of a UE), a UE (e.g., BAVI UE), or a combination thereof, wherein a first part of the computation/determination, configuration information transfer, reporting information reception, determination of the sensing information of interest or a combination thereof is performed by a first entity/part of the SensMF and a second part of the computation/determination, configuration information transfer, reporting information reception, determination of the sensing information of interest or a combination thereof is performed by a second entity/part of the SensMF. In some embodiments, the SensMF is co-located with the UE.

[0112] In some embodiments, the obtained spatial information of a UE is directly reported to the SensMF. In such an embodiment, the SensMF, based on the obtained said spatial information, configures the one or multiple sensing Tx/Rx node or node groups with configuration parameters (e.g., of the transmission or reception beams). The configuration parameters may be adjusted by the SensMF to the obtained spatial information.

[0113] In some embodiments, the spatial information of a user or the UE does not include and/or is not determined based on the elements of pose information of the UE and/or pose information of the user. In some embodiments, the spatial information comprises or is determined based on the positioning information of the UE, e.g., a geometric area of interest for sensing, distance of UE location/position, UE velocity, UE direction of movement or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the spatial information contains an area of interest for sensing, where the area of interest is determined according to the UE position (e.g., as a center) and the distance of interest (e.g., as a radius of a circle with the center of the UE position).

[0114] In some embodiments, the type of the spatial information to be reported, and related configurations for determination and reporting of the spatial information, as well as adjustment of the Tx/Rx parameters based on the received spatial information, is done based on the UE capability to obtain certain information types (e.g., is UE is capable of obtaining pose information, positioning information, etc.).

[0115] In some embodiments, the determined spatial information by the UE, the reported spatial information to the sensing Rx/Tx nodes by the UE or by the SensMF includes an indication of one or multiple UE zones. In one embodiment, where the spatial information reported to a Sensing Tx node comprises two or more UE zone IDs, the said sensing Tx node adjusts the transmission strategy by utilizing a beam that radiates a minimum energy (as pre-indicated by the SensMF to the said Sensing Tx node) towards each of the indicated two or more UE zone IDs.

[0116] In some embodiments, the determination of spatial information by a UE includes communication with a glass (via a SL channel or a non-3GPP connection), e.g., where the glass obtains the pose information of the head and communicated the obtained information to the said UE.

[0117] In some embodiments, the obtained sensing information exposed to the user/service client includes a configured sensing measurement. In one example, the RSRP and/or RSRPP measurements at the BAVI UE are exposed to the application requesting the sensing information. In some embodiments, the RSRP and/or RSRPP together with one or more of path measurements of azimuth/elevation estimate of a path, doppler shift of a path, delay of a path, and/or the like, is further computed and/or exposed to the service client as the requested sensing information. In one example, the service client receives the UE position and relative spatial information/pose information, together with a sensing measurement of one or multiple paths (including, e.g., RSRPP, angle, and doppler shift). In some embodiments, the said spatial information and/or sensing measurements of one or multiple paths are computed and/or exposed to the requesting client according to the local coordinate system of the UE or a global coordinate system.

[0118] According to an embodiment directed to joint UE positioning measurements and User View-point monitoring, shown in Figure 5, the positioning information of the BA VI UE 501, as well as the sensing information of the environment related to a determined area of interest by the UE 501, is determined by the SLMF 507 (e.g., SensMF, LMF, or a combination thereof) jointly and at least in part, via the positioning measurement of the BA VI UE 501 of the transmitted signal of one or multiple anchor nodes 503, 505 (e.g., gNB, TRPs or UEs with known positions) and the sensing measurement of the one or multiple Sensing Rx nodes based on the transmission of the PRS/sensing signal in the DL by the anchor nodes 503, 505.

[0119] In some embodiments, the BA VI UE 501 is configured with DL positioning measurement and reporting configuration via the SLMF 507. Furthermore, the BA VI UE 501, together with one or multiple or a group (e.g., identified with a group ID) of sensing Rx nodes are configured to perform measurement of the scheduled PRS according to the reported or determined (or combination thereof) spatial information via the obtained spatial/pose information of the BAVI user, initial position estimate of the UE 501, or a combination thereof.

[0120] According to some other embodiments, shown in Figure 6, the positioning information of the BAVI UE 601, as well as the sensing information of the environment related to a determined area of interest by the UE 601, is determined by the SLMF 603 (SensMF, LMF, or a combination thereof) jointly and at least in part, via the UL positioning measurement of the BAVI UE 601 of the transmitted signal by the BAVI UE 601 and received by the one or multiple anchor nodes 605 (e.g., gNB, TRPs or UEs with known positions) and the sensing measurement of the one or multiple Sensing Rx nodes (potentially including the BAVI UE 601).

[0121] In some embodiments, the BAVI UE 601 is configured with transmission of UL SRS signal. Furthermore, the BAVI UE 601, together with one or a group (e.g., identified with a group ID) of sensing Rx nodes are configured to perform measurement of the scheduled SRS according to the reported or determined (or combination thereof) spatial information. In some embodiments, the said spatial information is determined via the obtained spatial/pose information of the BAVI user, initial position estimate of the BAVI UE 601, or a combination thereof.

[0122] In some embodiments, the anchor nodes 605 further perform sensing measurements of the reflected/backscattered signal based on the signal (e.g., PRS, SRS, sensing RS, etc.) transmission of their own or other anchor nods or the BAVI UE 601, and further configured to store and/or report the obtained sensing measurements to the SLMF 603. [0123] In some embodiments, upon obtaining an estimate of the UE position, the estimated UE position and/or the estimated area of interest for sensing is indicated back to the anchor nodes 605, according to which the sensing measurements and/or transmission configuration parameters (or a subset thereof) are updated/refmed in the direction of the desired area for sensing. In some embodiments, the refined measurements are then reported to the SensMF 603.

[0124] In some other embodiments, the obtained estimate of the UE position is utilized in the SLMF 603 to obtain an estimate of the desired area for sensing, based on which the sensing measurements are processed to obtain the desired sensing results.

[0125] In some embodiments, an initial estimate of the area of interest for sensing or UE position is indicated to the anchor nodes based on which the sensing measurements are obtained or stored or reported, or a combination thereof. In one implementation, the obtained spatial information by the SensMF 603 from the BA VI UE 601, together with the previous estimate of the UE position, are utilized to estimate an area of interest for sensing (at or indicated to) the anchor nodes.

[0126] In some embodiments, a subset of the transmission parameters of the sensing or positioning signal is determined according to the area of interest for sensing/monitoring. In one embodiment, the UL SRS transmission of the BA VI UE 601 is adjusted such that it illuminates the area of interest (in the direction of the user pose) with an indicated minimum energy. In some other embodiments, the DL PRS transmissions are adjusted such that an indicated area of interest is illuminated with a minimum indicated energy.

[0127] Figure 7 illustrates an example of a UE 700 in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The UE 700 may include a processor 702, a memory 704, a controller 706, and a transceiver 708. The processor 702, the memory 704, the controller 706, or the transceiver 708, or various combinations thereof or various components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of the present disclosure as described herein. These components may be coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more interfaces.

[0128] The processor 702, the memory 704, the controller 706, or the transceiver 708, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., circuitry). The hardware may include a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or other programmable logic device, or any combination thereof configured as or otherwise supporting a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure. [0129] The processor 702 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general- purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, an ASIC, an FPGA, or any combination thereof). In some implementations, the processor 702 may be configured to operate the memory 704. In some other implementations, the memory 704 may be integrated into the processor 702. The processor 702 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in the memory 704 to cause the UE 700 to perform various functions of the present disclosure.

[0130] The memory 704 may include volatile or non-volatile memory. The memory 704 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code including instructions when executed by the processor 702 cause the UE 700 to perform various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such the memory 704 or another type of memory. Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another. A non-transitory storage medium may be any available medium that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer.

[0131] In some implementations, the processor 702 and the memory 704 coupled with the processor 702 may be configured to cause the UE 700 to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., executing, by the processor 702, instructions stored in the memory 704). For example, the processor 702 may support wireless communication at the UE 700 in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The UE 700 may be configured to support a means to receive a first configuration for obtaining spatial information associated with a first device and a second configuration for transmission of the obtained spatial information, obtain spatial information for the first device according to the first configuration, and transmit the obtained spatial information to a second device and a third device according to the second configuration, the obtained spatial information used for determining transmission configuration parameters and sensing information.

[0132] The controller 706 may manage input and output signals for the UE 700. The controller 706 may also manage peripherals not integrated into the UE 700. In some implementations, the controller 706 may utilize an operating system such as iOS®, ANDROID®, WINDOWS®, or other operating systems. In some implementations, the controller 706 may be implemented as part of the processor 702.

[0133] In some implementations, the UE 700 may include at least one transceiver 708. In some other implementations, the UE 700 may have more than one transceiver 708. The transceiver 708 may represent a wireless transceiver. The transceiver 708 may include one or more receiver chains 710, one or more transmitter chains 712, or a combination thereof. [0134] A receiver chain 710 may be configured to receive signals (e.g., control information, data, packets) over a wireless medium. For example, the receiver chain 710 may include one or more antennas for receive the signal over the air or wireless medium. The receiver chain 710 may include at least one amplifier (e.g., a low-noise amplifier (LNA)) configured to amplify the received signal. The receiver chain 710 may include at least one demodulator configured to demodulate the receive signal and obtain the transmitted data by reversing the modulation technique applied during transmission of the signal. The receiver chain 710 may include at least one decoder for decoding the processing the demodulated signal to receive the transmitted data.

[0135] A transmitter chain 712 may be configured to generate and transmit signals (e.g., control information, data, packets). The transmitter chain 712 may include at least one modulator for modulating data onto a carrier signal, preparing the signal for transmission over a wireless medium. The at least one modulator may be configured to support one or more techniques such as amplitude modulation (AM), frequency modulation (FM), or digital modulation schemes like phase-shift keying (PSK) or quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM). The transmitter chain 712 may also include at least one power amplifier configured to amplify the modulated signal to an appropriate power level suitable for transmission over the wireless medium. The transmitter chain 712 may also include one or more antennas for transmitting the amplified signal into the air or wireless medium.

[0136] Figure 8 illustrates an example of aprocessor 800 in accordance with aspects ofthe present disclosure. The processor 800 may be an example of a processor configured to perform various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor 800 may include a controller 802 configured to perform various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor 800 may optionally include at least one memory 804, which may be, for example, an L1/L2/L3 cache. Additionally, or alternatively, the processor 800 may optionally include one or more arithmetic -logic units (ALUs) 806. One or more of these components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more interfaces (e.g., buses).

[0137] The processor 800 may be a processor chipset and include a protocol stack (e.g., a software stack) executed by the processor chipset to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, retrieving, transmitting, outputting, forwarding, storing, determining, identifying, accessing, writing, reading) in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor chipset may include one or more cores, one or more caches (e.g., memory local to or included in the processor chipset (e.g., the processor 800) or other memory (e.g., random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous dynamic RAM (SDRAM), static RAM (SRAM), ferroelectric RAM (FeRAM), magnetic RAM (MRAM), resistive RAM (RRAM), flash memory, phase change memory (PCM), and others).

[0138] The controller 802 may be configured to manage and coordinate various operations (e.g., signaling, receiving, obtaining, retrieving, transmitting, outputting, forwarding, storing, determining, identifying, accessing, writing, reading) of the processor 800 to cause the processor 800 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. For example, the controller 802 may operate as a control unit of the processor 800, generating control signals that manage the operation of various components of the processor 800. These control signals include enabling or disabling functional units, selecting data paths, initiating memory access, and coordinating timing of operations.

[0139] The controller 802 may be configured to fetch (e.g., obtain, retrieve, receive) instructions from the memory 804 and determine subsequent instruction(s) to be executed to cause the processor 800 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The controller 802 may be configured to track memory address of instructions associated with the memory 804. The controller 802 may be configured to decode instructions to determine the operation to be performed and the operands involved. For example, the controller 802 may be configured to interpret the instruction and determine control signals to be output to other components of the processor 800 to cause the processor 800 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. Additionally, or alternatively, the controller 802 may be configured to manage flow of data within the processor 800. The controller 802 may be configured to control transfer of data between registers, arithmetic logic units (ALUs), and other functional units of the processor 800.

[0140] The memory 804 may include one or more caches (e.g., memory local to or included in the processor 800 or other memory, such RAM, ROM, DRAM, SDRAM, SRAM, MRAM, flash memory, etc. In some implementations, the memory 804 may reside within or on a processor chipset (e.g., local to the processor 800). In some other implementations, the memory 804 may reside external to the processor chipset (e.g., remote to the processor 800).

[0141] The memory 804 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code including instructions that, when executed by the processor 800, cause the processor 800 to perform various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer- readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. The controller 802 and/or the processor 800 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in the memory 804 to cause the processor 800 to perform various functions. For example, the processor 800 and/or the controller 802 may be coupled with or to the memory 804, the processor 800, the controller 802, and the memory 804 may be configured to perform various functions described herein. In some examples, the processor 800 may include multiple processors and the memory 804 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may be coupled with one or more of the multiple memories, which may, individually or collectively, be configured to perform various functions herein.

[0142] The one or more ALUs 806 may be configured to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, the one or more ALUs 806 may reside within or on a processor chipset (e.g., the processor 800). In some other implementations, the one or more ALUs 806 may reside external to the processor chipset (e.g., the processor 800). One or more ALUs 806 may perform one or more computations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division on data. For example, one or more ALUs 806 may receive input operands and an operation code, which determines an operation to be executed. One or more ALUs 806 be configured with a variety of logical and arithmetic circuits, including adders, subtractors, shifters, and logic gates, to process and manipulate the data according to the operation. Additionally, or alternatively, the one or more ALUs 806 may support logical operations such as AND, OR, exclusive-OR (XOR), not-OR (NOR), and not-AND (NAND), enabling the one or more ALUs 806 to handle conditional operations, comparisons, and bitwise operations.

[0143] The processor 800 may support wireless communication in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The processor 800 may be configured to or operable to support a means to transmit to a first device a first configuration for reporting obtained spatial information associated with the first device. In one embodiment, the processor 800 may be configured to support a means to transmit to a second device a second configuration for transmission of a sensing signal, wherein transmission configuration parameters are determined based at least on the reported spatial information of the first device.

[0144] In one embodiment, the processor 800 may be configured to support a means to transmit to a third device a third configuration for reception and sensing measurement of the transmitted sensing signal by the second device, wherein reception and/or sensing measurement configuration parameters are determined based at least in part on the reported spatial info of the first device, and a fourth configuration for reporting the performed measurement according to the third configuration. In one embodiment, the processor 800 may be configured to support a means to receive a report of the conducted sensing measurements from the third device. In one embodiment, the processor 800 may be configured to support a means to determine sensing information based on the received report. [0145] In one embodiment, the processor 800 may be configured to support a means to receive a fifth configuration for obtaining the spatial information associated with the first device.

[0146] In one embodiment, the spatial information comprises pose information obtained from an application layer of a SL channel and translated to a global coordinate system, an area of interest for sensing based on pose information obtained by the first device, or some combination thereof.

[0147] In one embodiment, the first configuration comprises time-frequency resources for transmission of the obtained spatial information, a criteria for transmission of the obtained spatial information, or some combination thereof.

[0148] In one embodiment, the transmission of the spatial information is directed to at least one of a sensing transmission node, a sensing management function at a serving gNB or a core network entity, or some combination thereof.

[0149] In one embodiment, the fourth configuration comprises at least one of a timefrequency resource for transmission of the report, criteria for transmission of the report, a type of information to be included in the report, or some combination thereof.

[0150] In one embodiment, the processor 800 may be configured to support a means to transmit an activation indication jointly or separately to the first device, the second device, the third device, or a combination thereof, wherein a configured sensing transmission, reception, measurement, reporting, or a combination thereof, is activated upon reception of an activation indication. In one embodiment, the instructions are further executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to transmit a deactivation indication jointly or separately to the first device, second device, the third device, or a combination thereof, wherein a configured sensing transmission, reception, measurement, reporting, or a combination thereof, is deactivated upon reception of a deactivation indication.

[0151] In one embodiment, the second configuration for transmission of a sensing signal further comprises a configuration for determination of at least one transmission parameter based on the received spatial information of the second node.

[0152] In one embodiment, the spatial information of the second node is received by the third node via a direct SL communication with the first device.

[0153] In one embodiment, the processor 800 may be configured to support a means to determine a Tx beam, Tx beam defining parameters, beam azimuth direction, beam elevation direction, beamwidth from the elevation, beamwidth from the azimuth, transmission power, or a combination thereof, based on the received spatial information of the second device, a minimum illumination energy density of a determined area of interest for sensing, or some combination thereof, wherein the minimum illumination energy density is indicated to the second device within the second configuration.

[0154] In one embodiment, the third configuration for reception and sensing measurement of a sensing signal further comprises a configuration for determination of at least one reception parameter or measurement parameter based on the received spatial information of the third node.

[0155] In one embodiment, the spatial information of the second node is received by the fourth node via a direct SL communication with the first device.

[0156] In one embodiment, the processor 800 may be configured to support a means to determine a Rx beam, an Rx beam defining parameters, Rx beam azimuth direction, Rx beam elevation direction, beamwidth from the elevation, beamwidth from the azimuth, angular margin of interest for sensing measurements, delay margin of interest for sensing measurements, doppler shift margin of interest for sensing measurements, or a combination thereof, according to the received third configuration of the third device.

[0157] In one embodiment, the processor 800 may be configured to support a means to determine a group of devices, determine a group ID for the determined group of devices, indicate a group ID to the determined group of devices, or a combination thereof, wherein the group of devices comprises at least a subset of sensing transmission nodes, at least a subset of sensing reception nodes, or a combination thereof.

[0158] In one embodiment, the assigned group ID is utilized for multicast communication of a configuration of sensing reception nodes belonging to a group corresponding to the group ID with at least a subset of reception and/or measurement parameters, a configuration of sensing transmission nodes belonging to a group corresponding to the group ID with at least a subset of transmission parameters, reporting of the determined spatial information of the first device, activation indication of sensing transmission, sensing reception and measurement, or a combination thereof.

[0159] In one embodiment, the second device acting as a sensing transmission node comprises at least one of a UE, a gNB, an NCR node, an IAB node, or some combination thereof. In one embodiment, the third device acting as a sensing reception node comprises at least one of a UE, a gNB, an NCR node, an IAB node, or some combination thereof. In one embodiment, the first device is a second device, a third device, or some combination thereof.

[0160] In one embodiment, the spatial information is determined based, at least in part, on relative or absolute orientation and/or direction of the head/user body or glass or the first device, relative or absolute position, velocity, movement direction, or a combination thereof, of the head/user body or glass or the first device, a relative distance to a UE within which the environment is of interest to be sensed or monitored, location services of the first device, location services of a device known to the first device, a global coordinate system, or some combination thereof.

[0161] In one embodiment, the determined spatial information further comprises side information on the determined spatial information, wherein the side information comprises an indication of accuracy of the determined spatial information, an indication of a validity time for the determined spatial information, a utilized coordinate system for obtaining the determined spatial information among a set of previously indicated or known coordinate systems to the first device, or some combination thereof.

[0162] In one embodiment, the processor 800 may be configured to support a means to indicate the determined spatial information relative to a known spatial information, wherein the relative indication comprises an indication of the one or more spatial parameter types that have changed, an indication of the change/change value over the indicated spatial parameter type, or some combination thereof.

[0163] In one embodiment, the processor 800 may be configured to support a means to indicate the determined spatial information via an index from a codebook, wherein the codebook comprises possible values for the determined spatial information, the possible values comprising an area of interest for sensing according to the UE zone ID values, a codebook defining area/zones for sensing, a codebook defining possible pose state, or some combination thereof.

[0164] In one embodiment, relative change of a spatial information is indicated via an index from the codebook, wherein the codebook comprises possible changes of the spatial information.

[0165] In one embodiment, criteria for transmission of the determined spatial information further comprises an indication of a measure of distance, a threshold on the measure of distance, the parameter type over which the distance is measured, or some combination thereof.

[0166] In one embodiment, the processor 800 may be configured to support a means to communicate the determined spatial information of the first device to a group of nodes, and wherein the indicated spatial information implicitly indicates activation of transmission of a sensing signal, reception of a sensing signal, reporting of a conducted sensing measurement, or some combination thereof.

[0167] In one embodiment, the third configuration of the reception and sensing measurement comprises one or more of an indication of detection of an Ambient-IoT device; an indication of identification of an Ambient-IoT device ID; one or more device IDs of Ambient-IoT devices to be detected; backscattering/re-transmission strategy of an Ambient-IoT device based, at least in part, on the transmitted sensing signal, time-frequency resources for transmission of the sensing signal, the device type, the device ID, or some combination thereof; measurements of the observed propagation paths RSRP, RSRPP, ToA, ToF, doppler shift, AoA, ZoA, or a combination thereof; a criteria for measurement of the propagation paths; or some combination thereof.

[0168] In one embodiment, the fourth configuration for reporting the conducted sensing measurement further comprises detected propagation paths, path measurements according to an indicated criteria, or some combination thereof.

[0169] In one embodiment, the fourth configuration for reporting the conducted sensing measurement further comprises one or more of measurements of RSRP, RSRPP, ToA, ToF, doppler shift, AoA, ZoA, or a combination thereof; detected new propagation paths satisfying a criteria; or some combination thereof.

[0170] In one embodiment, the devices comprise one or more of a UE, a User XR/MR/VR glass or microphone/headset/haptic device headgear as part of the UE, a User XR/MR/VR glass or microphone/headset/haptic device paired with the UE, or some combination thereof.

[0171] Figure 9 illustrates an example of a NE 900 in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The NE 900 may include a processor 902, a memory 904, a controller 906, and a transceiver 908. The processor 902, the memory 904, the controller 906, or the transceiver 908, or various combinations thereof or various components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of the present disclosure as described herein. These components may be coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more interfaces.

[0172] The processor 902, the memory 904, the controller 906, or the transceiver 908, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., circuitry). The hardware may include a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or other programmable logic device, or any combination thereof configured as or otherwise supporting a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure.

[0173] The processor 902 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general- purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, an ASIC, an FPGA, or any combination thereof). In some implementations, the processor 902 may be configured to operate the memory 904. In some other implementations, the memory 904 may be integrated into the processor 902. The processor 902 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in the memory 904 to cause the NE 900 to perform various functions of the present disclosure.

[0174] The memory 904 may include volatile or non-volatile memory. The memory 904 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code including instructions when executed by the processor 902 cause the NE 900 to perform various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such the memory 904 or another type of memory. Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another. A non-transitory storage medium may be any available medium that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer.

[0175] In some implementations, the processor 902 and the memory 904 coupled with the processor 902 may be configured to cause the NE 900 to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., executing, by the processor 902, instructions stored in the memory 904). For example, the processor 902 may support wireless communication at the NE 900 in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The NE 900 may be configured to support a means to transmit to a first device a first configuration for reporting obtained spatial information associated with the first device. In one embodiment, the NE 900 may be configured to support a means to transmit to a second device a second configuration for transmission of a sensing signal, wherein transmission configuration parameters are determined based at least on the reported spatial information of the first device.

[0176] In one embodiment, the NE 900 may be configured to support a means to transmit to a third device a third configuration for reception and sensing measurement of the transmitted sensing signal by the second device, wherein reception and/or sensing measurement configuration parameters are determined based at least in part on the reported spatial info of the first device, and a fourth configuration for reporting the performed measurement according to the third configuration. In one embodiment, the NE 900 may be configured to support a means to receive a report of the conducted sensing measurements from the third device. In one embodiment, the NE 900 may be configured to support a means to determine sensing information based on the received report.

[0177] In one embodiment, the NE 900 may be configured to support a means to receive a fifth configuration for obtaining the spatial information associated with the first device.

[0178] In one embodiment, the spatial information comprises pose information obtained from an application layer of a SL channel and translated to a global coordinate system, an area of interest for sensing based on pose information obtained by the first device, or some combination thereof.

[0179] In one embodiment, the first configuration comprises time-frequency resources for transmission of the obtained spatial information, a criteria for transmission of the obtained spatial information, or some combination thereof. [0180] In one embodiment, the transmission of the spatial information is directed to at least one of a sensing transmission node, a sensing management function at a serving gNB or a core network entity, or some combination thereof.

[0181] In one embodiment, the fourth configuration comprises at least one of a timefrequency resource for transmission of the report, criteria for transmission of the report, a type of information to be included in the report, or some combination thereof.

[0182] In one embodiment, the NE 900 may be configured to support a means to transmit an activation indication jointly or separately to the first device, the second device, the third device, or a combination thereof, wherein a configured sensing transmission, reception, measurement, reporting, or a combination thereof, is activated upon reception of an activation indication. In one embodiment, the instructions are further executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to transmit a deactivation indication jointly or separately to the first device, second device, the third device, or a combination thereof, wherein a configured sensing transmission, reception, measurement, reporting, or a combination thereof, is deactivated upon reception of a deactivation indication.

[0183] In one embodiment, the second configuration for transmission of a sensing signal further comprises a configuration for determination of at least one transmission parameter based on the received spatial information of the second node.

[0184] In one embodiment, the spatial information of the second node is received by the third node via a direct SL communication with the first device.

[0185] In one embodiment, the NE 900 may be configured to support a means to determine a Tx beam, Tx beam defining parameters, beam azimuth direction, beam elevation direction, beamwidth from the elevation, beam width from the azimuth, transmission power, or a combination thereof, based on the received spatial information of the second device, a minimum illumination energy density of a determined area of interest for sensing, or some combination thereof, wherein the minimum illumination energy density is indicated to the second device within the second configuration.

[0186] In one embodiment, the third configuration for reception and sensing measurement of a sensing signal further comprises a configuration for determination of at least one reception parameter or measurement parameter based on the received spatial information of the third node.

[0187] In one embodiment, the spatial information of the second node is received by the fourth node via a direct SL communication with the first device.

[0188] In one embodiment, the NE 900 may be configured to support a means to determine a Rx beam, an Rx beam defining parameters, Rx beam azimuth direction, Rx beam elevation direction, beamwidth from the elevation, beamwidth from the azimuth, angular margin of interest for sensing measurements, delay margin of interest for sensing measurements, doppler shift margin of interest for sensing measurements, or a combination thereof, according to the received third configuration of the third device.

[0189] In one embodiment, the NE 900 may be configured to support a means to determine a group of devices, determine a group ID for the determined group of devices, indicate a group ID to the determined group of devices, or a combination thereof, wherein the group of devices comprises at least a subset of sensing transmission nodes, at least a subset of sensing reception nodes, or a combination thereof.

[0190] In one embodiment, the assigned group ID is utilized for multicast communication of a configuration of sensing reception nodes belonging to a group corresponding to the group ID with at least a subset of reception and/or measurement parameters, a configuration of sensing transmission nodes belonging to a group corresponding to the group ID with at least a subset of transmission parameters, reporting of the determined spatial information of the first device, activation indication of sensing transmission, sensing reception and measurement, or a combination thereof.

[0191] In one embodiment, the second device acting as a sensing transmission node comprises at least one of a UE, a gNB, an NCR node, an IAB node, or some combination thereof. In one embodiment, the third device acting as a sensing reception node comprises at least one of a UE, a gNB, an NCR node, an IAB node, or some combination thereof. In one embodiment, the first device is a second device, a third device, or some combination thereof.

[0192] In one embodiment, the spatial information is determined based, at least in part, on relative or absolute orientation and/or direction of the head/user body or glass or the first device, relative or absolute position, velocity, movement direction, or a combination thereof, of the head/user body or glass or the first device, a relative distance to a UE within which the environment is of interest to be sensed or monitored, location services of the first device, location services of a device known to the first device, a global coordinate system, or some combination thereof.

[0193] In one embodiment, the determined spatial information further comprises side information on the determined spatial information, wherein the side information comprises an indication of accuracy of the determined spatial information, an indication of a validity time for the determined spatial information, a utilized coordinate system for obtaining the determined spatial information among a set of previously indicated or known coordinate systems to the first device, or some combination thereof. [0194] In one embodiment, the NE 900 may be configured to support a means to indicate the determined spatial information relative to a known spatial information, wherein the relative indication comprises an indication of the one or more spatial parameter types that have changed, an indication of the change/change value over the indicated spatial parameter type, or some combination thereof.

[0195] In one embodiment, the NE 900 may be configured to support a means to indicate the determined spatial information via an index from a codebook, wherein the codebook comprises possible values for the determined spatial information, the possible values comprising an area of interest for sensing according to the UE zone ID values, a codebook defining area/zones for sensing, a codebook defining possible pose state, or some combination thereof.

[0196] In one embodiment, relative change of a spatial information is indicated via an index from the codebook, wherein the codebook comprises possible changes of the spatial information.

[0197] In one embodiment, criteria for transmission of the determined spatial information further comprises an indication of a measure of distance, a threshold on the measure of distance, the parameter type over which the distance is measured, or some combination thereof.

[0198] In one embodiment, the NE 900 may be configured to support a means to communicate the determined spatial information of the first device to a group of nodes, and wherein the indicated spatial information implicitly indicates activation of transmission of a sensing signal, reception of a sensing signal, reporting of a conducted sensing measurement, or some combination thereof.

[0199] In one embodiment, the third configuration of the reception and sensing measurement comprises one or more of an indication of detection of an Ambient-IoT device; an indication of identification of an Ambient-IoT device ID; one or more device IDs of Ambient-IoT devices to be detected; backscattering/re-transmission strategy of an Ambient-IoT device based, at least in part, on the transmitted sensing signal, time-frequency resources for transmission of the sensing signal, the device type, the device ID, or some combination thereof; measurements of the observed propagation paths RSRP, RSRPP, ToA, ToF, doppler shift, AoA, ZoA, or a combination thereof; a criteria for measurement of the propagation paths; or some combination thereof.

[0200] In one embodiment, the fourth configuration for reporting the conducted sensing measurement further comprises detected propagation paths, path measurements according to an indicated criteria, or some combination thereof.

[0201] In one embodiment, the fourth configuration for reporting the conducted sensing measurement further comprises one or more of measurements of RSRP, RSRPP, ToA, ToF, doppler shift, AoA, ZoA, or a combination thereof; detected new propagation paths satisfying a criteria; or some combination thereof.

[0202] In one embodiment, the devices comprise one or more of a UE, a User XR/MR/VR glass or microphone/headset/haptic device headgear as part of the UE, a User XR/MR/VR glass or microphone/headset/haptic device paired with the UE, or some combination thereof.

[0203] The controller 906 may manage input and output signals for the NE 900. The controller 906 may also manage peripherals not integrated into the NE 900. In some implementations, the controller 906 may utilize an operating system such as iOS®, ANDROID®, WINDOWS®, or other operating systems. In some implementations, the controller 906 may be implemented as part of the processor 902.

[0204] In some implementations, the NE 900 may include at least one transceiver 908. In some other implementations, the NE 900 may have more than one transceiver 908. The transceiver 908 may represent a wireless transceiver. The transceiver 908 may include one or more receiver chains 910, one or more transmitter chains 912, or a combination thereof.

[0205] A receiver chain 910 may be configured to receive signals (e.g., control information, data, packets) over a wireless medium. For example, the receiver chain 910 may include one or more antennas for receive the signal over the air or wireless medium. The receiver chain 910 may include at least one amplifier (e.g., a low-noise amplifier (LNA)) configured to amplify the received signal. The receiver chain 910 may include at least one demodulator configured to demodulate the receive signal and obtain the transmitted data by reversing the modulation technique applied during transmission of the signal. The receiver chain 910 may include at least one decoder for decoding the processing the demodulated signal to receive the transmitted data.

[0206] A transmitter chain 912 may be configured to generate and transmit signals (e.g., control information, data, packets). The transmitter chain 912 may include at least one modulator for modulating data onto a carrier signal, preparing the signal for transmission over a wireless medium. The at least one modulator may be configured to support one or more techniques such as amplitude modulation (AM), frequency modulation (FM), or digital modulation schemes like phase-shift keying (PSK) or quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM). The transmitter chain 912 may also include at least one power amplifier configured to amplify the modulated signal to an appropriate power level suitable for transmission over the wireless medium. The transmitter chain 912 may also include one or more antennas for transmitting the amplified signal into the air or wireless medium. [0207] Figure 10 illustrates a flowchart of a method in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method may be implemented by an NE as described herein. In some implementations, the NE may execute a set of instructions to control the function elements of the NE to perform the described functions.

[0208] At 1002, the method may transmit to a first device a first configuration for reporting spatial information associated with the first device. The operations of 1002 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1002 may be performed by an NE as described with reference to Figure 9.

[0209] At 1004, the method may transmit to a second device a second configuration for transmission of a sensing signal, wherein transmission configuration parameters are determined based at least on the reported spatial information of the first device. The operations of 1004 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1004 may be performed by anNE as described with reference to Figure 9.

[0210] At 1006, the method may transmit to a third device a third configuration for reception and sensing measurement of the transmitted sensing signal from the second device, wherein reception and sensing measurement configuration parameters are determined based at least in part on the reported spatial info of the first device. The operations of 1006 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1006 may be performed by an NE as described with reference to Figure 9.

[0211] At 1008, the method may transmit to the third device a fourth configuration for reporting the performed measurement according to the third configuration. The operations of 1008 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1008 may be performed by an NE as described with reference to Figure 9.

[0212] At 1010, the method may transmit to a first device a first configuration for reporting spatial information associated with the first device. The operations of 1010 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1010 may be performed by an NE as described with reference to Figure 9.

[0213] At 1012, the method may determine sensing information based on the received report. The operations of 1012 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1012 may be performed by an NE as described with reference to Figure 9. [0214] It should be noted that the method described herein describes A possible implementation, and that the operations and the steps may be rearranged or otherwise modified and that other implementations are possible.

[0215] Figure 11 illustrates a flowchart of a method in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method may be implemented by a UE as described herein. In some implementations, the UE may execute a set of instructions to control the function elements of the UE to perform the described functions.

[0216] At 1102, the method may receive a first configuration for obtaining spatial information associated with a first device and a second configuration for transmission of the obtained spatial information. The operations of 1102 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1102 may be performed by a UE as described with reference to Figure 7.

[0217] At 1104, the method may obtain spatial information for the first device according to the first configuration. The operations of 1104 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1104 may be performed by a UE as described with reference to Figure 7.

[0218] At 1106, the method may transmit the obtained spatial information to a second device and a third device according to the second configuration, the obtained spatial information used for determining transmission configuration parameters and sensing information. The operations of 1106 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1106 may be performed by a UE as described with reference to Figure 7.

[0219] It should be noted that the method described herein describes A possible implementation, and that the operations and the steps may be rearranged or otherwise modified and that other implementations are possible.

[0220] The description herein is provided to enable a person having ordinary skill in the art to make or use the disclosure. Various modifications to the disclosure will be apparent to a person having ordinary skill in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Thus, the disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein but is to be accorded the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1 . A network equipment (NE) for wireless communication, comprising: at least one memory; and at least one processor coupled with the at least one memory and configured to cause the NE to: transmit to a first device a first configuration for reporting spatial information associated with the first device; transmit to a second device a second configuration for transmission of a sensing signal, wherein transmission configuration parameters are determined based at least on the reported spatial information of the first device; transmit to a third device a third configuration for reception and sensing measurement of the transmitted sensing signal from the second device, wherein reception and sensing measurement configuration parameters are determined based at least in part on the reported spatial information of the first device; transmit to the third device a fourth configuration for reporting the reception and sensing measurement according to the third configuration; receive a report of the sensing measurements from the third device; and determine sensing information based on the report.

2. The NE of claim 1, wherein the spatial information comprises pose information obtained from an application layer of a sidelink (“SL”) channel and translated to a global coordinate system, an area of interest for sensing based on pose information obtained by the first device, or a combination thereof.

3. The NE of claim 1, wherein the first configuration comprises time -frequency resources for transmission of the spatial information, a criteria for transmission of the spatial information, or a combination thereof.

4. The NE of claim 3, wherein the transmission of the spatial information is directed to at least one of a sensing transmission node, a sensing management function at a serving gNB or a core network entity, or a combination thereof.

5. The NE of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is configured to cause the NE to: transmit an activation indication jointly or separately to the first device, the second device, the third device, or a combination thereof, wherein a configured sensing transmission, reception, measurement, reporting, or a combination thereof, is activated upon reception of an activation indication; transmit a deactivation indication jointly or separately to the first device, second device, the third device, or a combination thereof, wherein a configured sensing transmission, reception, measurement, reporting, or a combination thereof, is deactivated upon reception of a deactivation indication; or a combination thereof.

6. The NE of claim 1, wherein the second configuration for transmission of a sensing signal further comprises a configuration for determination of at least one transmission parameter based on the spatial information of the first device.

7. The NE of claim 6, wherein the at least one processor is configured to cause the NE to determine a transmission (“Tx”) beam, Tx beam defining parameters, beam azimuth direction, beam elevation direction, beamwidth from beam elevation, beamwidth from beam azimuth, transmission power, or a combination thereof, based on the spatial information of the second device, a minimum illumination energy density of a determined area of interest for sensing, or a combination thereof, wherein the minimum illumination energy density is indicated to the second device within the second configuration.

8. The NE of claim 1, wherein the third configuration for reception and sensing measurement of a sensing signal further comprises a configuration for determination of at least one reception parameter or measurement parameter based on the spatial information of the first device.

9. The NE of claim 8, wherein the at least one processor is configured to cause the NE to determine a reception (“Rx”) beam, an Rx beam defining parameters, Rx beam azimuth direction, Rx beam elevation direction, beamwidth from beam elevation, beamwidth from beam azimuth, angular margin of interest for sensing measurements, delay margin of interest for sensing measurements, doppler shift margin of interest for sensing measurements, or a combination thereof, according to the third configuration of the third device.

10. The NE of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is configured to cause the NE to determine a group of devices, determine a group ID for the determined group of devices, indicate the group ID to the determined group of devices, or a combination thereof, wherein the group of devices comprises at least a subset of sensing transmission nodes, at least a subset of sensing reception nodes, or a combination thereof.

11. The NE of claim 10, wherein the at least one processor is configured to cause the NE to utilize the group ID for multicast communication of a configuration of sensing reception nodes belonging to a group corresponding to the group ID with at least a subset of reception or measurement parameters, a configuration of sensing transmission nodes belonging to a group corresponding to the group ID with at least a subset of transmission parameters, reporting of the spatial information of the first device, activation indication of sensing transmission, sensing reception and measurement, or a combination thereof.

12. The NE of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is configured to cause the NE to determine the spatial information based on: relative or absolute orientation or direction of a head or user body or glass or the first device; relative or absolute position, velocity, movement direction, or a combination thereof, of the head or user body or glass or the first device; a relative distance to a user equipment (“UE”) within which an environment is of interest to be sensed or monitored; location services of the first device; location services of a device known to the first device; a global coordinate system; or a combination thereof.

13. The NE of claim 12, wherein the at least one processor is configured to cause the NE to indicate the determined spatial information relative to a known spatial information, wherein the indication comprises an indication of one or more spatial parameter types that have changed, an indication of the change or change value over the spatial parameter types, or a combination thereof.

14. The NE of claim 12, wherein the at least one processor is configured to cause the NE to indicate the determined spatial information via an index from a codebook, wherein the codebook comprises possible values for the determined spatial information, the possible values comprising an area of interest for sensing according to user equipment (“UE”) zone ID values, a codebook defining area/zones for sensing, a codebook defining possible pose state, or a combination thereof.

15. The NE of claim 14, wherein relative change of a spatial information is indicated via an index from the codebook, wherein the codebook comprises possible changes of the spatial information.

16. The NE of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is configured to cause the NE to communicate the spatial information of the first device to a group of nodes, and wherein the spatial information implicitly indicates activation of transmission of a sensing signal, reception of a sensing signal, reporting of a conducted sensing measurement, or a combination thereof.

17. A method performed by a network equipment (NE), the method comprising: transmitting to a first device a first configuration for reporting spatial information associated with the first device; transmitting to a second device a second configuration for transmission of a sensing signal, wherein transmission configuration parameters are determined based at least on the reported spatial information of the first device; transmitting to a third device a third configuration for reception and sensing measurement of the transmitted sensing signal from the second device, wherein reception and sensing measurement configuration parameters are determined based at least in part on the reported spatial information of the first device; transmitting to the third device a fourth configuration for reporting the reception and sensing measurement according to the third configuration; receiving a report of the sensing measurements from the third device; and determining sensing information based on the report.

18. A processor for wireless communication, comprising: at least one controller coupled with at least one memory and configured to cause the processor to: transmit to a first device a first configuration for reporting spatial information associated with the first device; transmit to a second device a second configuration for transmission of a sensing signal, wherein transmission configuration parameters are determined based at least on the reported spatial information of the first device; transmit to a third device a third configuration for reception and sensing measurement of the transmitted sensing signal from the second device, wherein reception and sensing measurement configuration parameters are determined based at least in part on the reported spatial information of the first device; transmit to the third device a fourth configuration for reporting the reception and sensing measurement according to the third configuration; receive a report of the sensing measurements from the third device; and determine sensing information based on the report.

19. The processor of claim 18, wherein the spatial information comprises pose information obtained from an application layer of a sidelink (“SL”) channel and translated to a global coordinate system, an area of interest for sensing based on pose information obtained by the first device, or a combination thereof.

20. A user equipment (UE) for wireless communication, comprising: at least one memory; and at least one processor coupled with the at least one memory and configured to cause the UE to: receive a first configuration for obtaining spatial information associated with a first device and a second configuration for transmission of the obtained spatial information; obtain spatial information for the first device according to the first configuration; and transmit the obtained spatial information to a second device and a third device according to the second configuration, the obtained spatial information used for determining transmission configuration parameters and sensing information.