EP4680290A1 - Matrice 3d poreuse à base de complexes de polyélectrolytes et ses applications - Google Patents
Matrice 3d poreuse à base de complexes de polyélectrolytes et ses applicationsInfo
- Publication number
- EP4680290A1 EP4680290A1 EP24710466.4A EP24710466A EP4680290A1 EP 4680290 A1 EP4680290 A1 EP 4680290A1 EP 24710466 A EP24710466 A EP 24710466A EP 4680290 A1 EP4680290 A1 EP 4680290A1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- macrophages
- matrix
- pro
- healing
- biomaterial
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L15/00—Chemical aspects of, or use of materials for, bandages, dressings or absorbent pads
- A61L15/16—Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons
- A61L15/22—Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons containing macromolecular materials
- A61L15/24—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K35/00—Medicinal preparations containing materials or reaction products thereof with undetermined constitution
- A61K35/12—Materials from mammals; Compositions comprising non-specified tissues or cells; Compositions comprising non-embryonic stem cells; Genetically modified cells
- A61K35/14—Blood; Artificial blood
- A61K35/15—Cells of the myeloid line, e.g. granulocytes, basophils, eosinophils, neutrophils, leucocytes, monocytes, macrophages or mast cells; Myeloid precursor cells; Antigen-presenting cells, e.g. dendritic cells
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- A61K35/00—Medicinal preparations containing materials or reaction products thereof with undetermined constitution
- A61K35/12—Materials from mammals; Compositions comprising non-specified tissues or cells; Compositions comprising non-embryonic stem cells; Genetically modified cells
- A61K35/28—Bone marrow; Haematopoietic stem cells; Mesenchymal stem cells of any origin, e.g. adipose-derived stem cells
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- A61L26/00—Chemical aspects of, or use of materials for, wound dressings or bandages in liquid, gel or powder form
- A61L26/0009—Chemical aspects of, or use of materials for, wound dressings or bandages in liquid, gel or powder form containing macromolecular materials
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- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
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- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/36—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses containing ingredients of undetermined constitution or reaction products thereof, e.g. transplant tissue, natural bone, extracellular matrix
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- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
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- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
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- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
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- A61L27/58—Materials at least partially resorbable by the body
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- A61L2300/64—Animal cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a porous 3D matrix obtained from polyelectrolyte complexes (PEC) formed between anionic and cationic polymers, particularly suitable for cell therapy and in particular for the healing of soft tissues and tissue repair.
- PEC polyelectrolyte complexes
- the matrix according to the invention can be advantageously used in combination with macrophages to promote wound healing.
- the invention also relates to a biomaterial comprising such a porous matrix and cells of interest, such as macrophages and/or mesenchymal stromal cells, and a kit comprising this matrix.
- the present invention also relates to a method for preparing such a matrix as well as a method for preparing such a biomaterial and the use of such a hybrid biomaterial in regenerative medicine.
- Tissue engineering or regenerative medicine, generally uses therapeutic cells, substances necessary for tissue development (signal molecules, growth factors, etc.) and/or implantable biomaterials.
- an implantable biomaterial intended for deep cell seeding must have biocompatibility characteristics so that, once implanted, it does not generate an excessive inflammatory reaction.
- the material must ideally allow cell adhesion, normal functioning, migration and the production of a new extracellular matrix.
- the biomaterial must also promote the viability of therapeutic cells.
- the biomaterial must have a highly macroporous and interconnected structure so as to allow cell colonization and the diffusion of nutrients.
- the material must have mechanical properties related to those of the targeted tissue, so as to reproduce a biomimetic environment for the cells it hosts.
- therapeutic cells can be used. It may be particularly interesting to administer them via an implantable biomaterial, in order to provide a protective 3D environment ensuring the local administration of viable cells at the level of the wound or more generally of the injured tissue or organ.
- Chronic wounds, and particularly diabetic foot wounds are "stuck" in a low-intensity inflammatory phase, preventing them from accessing the subsequent stages of healing and suggesting a defective resolution of the inflammation (Miao et al., 2012).
- the pathophysiological microenvironment of chronic wounds is itself even associated with functional deregulation of macrophages. The deregulation and loss of functionality of macrophages contribute largely to the failure of healing of chronic wounds including diabetic foot.
- macrophages occupy a central place in the orchestration of the healing process.
- pro-inflammatory macrophages engaged in the elimination of pathogens by phagocytosis and which secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines, toxic intermediates and reactive oxygen species, on the one hand, and pro-healing macrophages and pro-resolving macrophages, involved in tissue repair and remodeling processes, on the other hand.
- Macrophages therefore constitute an increasingly attractive therapeutic target in regenerative medicine. Indeed, in view of the dysfunctions of macrophages in chronic wounds and the deleterious impact of the absence of transition from a pro-inflammatory phenotype to a pro-resolving phenotype, it appears essential to restore the pro-resolving and pro-repair functionality of macrophages.
- the inventors have developed a PEC matrix based on anionic and cationic polymers that is particularly suitable for soft tissue healing and tissue repair.
- the matrix according to the invention has mechanical and structural properties such as that it can simultaneously serve as a 3D support for cells, and in particular macrophages, and as a dressing.
- the matrix according to the invention is particularly suitable for use in association with pro-resolving macrophages.
- the inventors have developed a PEC alginate/chitosan matrix that can be used as a cell therapy support suitable for soft tissues.
- the invention therefore relates to a three-dimensional biomaterial comprising a matrix of polyelectrolyte complexes (PEC) based on alginate and chitosan, modified or not, and macrophages, said matrix having an interconnected open macroporosity in which the alginate/chitosan mass ratio is between 20/80 and 80/20.
- PEC polyelectrolyte complexes
- the PEC matrix is based on alginate and chitosan, the alginate/chitosan mass ratio being 40/60.
- the alginate may in particular have an M/G ratio of between 1.4 and 2.7, preferably equal to 2 +7-0.2, a molecular weight (Mw) of between 150,000 and 250,000, and a polydispersity index (PI) of less than 2, preferably around 1.5.
- Mw molecular weight
- PI polydispersity index
- Chitosan advantageously has a degree of deacetylation (DD A) of between 75% and 90%, preferably between 75 and 85%, an Mw of between 130,000 and 400,000, preferably between 145,000 and 400,000, more preferably between 200,000 and 400,000, and a polydispersity index of less than 2, preferably of approximately 1.7, more preferably of approximately 1.8.
- DD A degree of deacetylation
- the biomaterial may be a hybrid biomaterial comprising pro-healing macrophages.
- the pro-healing macrophages are, for example, pro-resolving macrophages.
- the hybrid biomaterial comprises pro-healing macrophages and mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), the ratio of pro-healing macrophages to mesenchymal stromal cells preferably being between 1/99 and 99/1.
- the ratio of pro-healing macrophages to mesenchymal stromal cells is 50/50.
- the invention also relates to a method for preparing a hybrid biomaterial according to the invention, comprising the steps:
- step (e) seeding the PEC matrix with pro-healing macrophages obtained in step (a) optionally combined with MSCs.
- the sterilization step (d) is sterilization by irradiation with low-energy pulsed electron beams or sterilization by irradiation with low-energy continuous electron beams.
- the matrix resulting from step (b) undergoes a drying step before the sterilization step (d).
- the invention also relates to a skin dressing intended for regenerative medicine comprising a three-dimensional biomaterial according to the invention.
- the invention also relates to pro-healing macrophages optionally combined with MSCs for their use in regenerative medicine in a subject, characterized in that said pro-healing macrophages and the optional MSCs are in a form suitable for their administration to said subject by means of a three-dimensional biomaterial according to the invention.
- Such pro-healing macrophages possibly combined with MSCs can in particular be used for the treatment of a wound, in particular a chronic wound.
- the subject has diabetes and/or is elderly.
- the three-dimensional biomaterial is in the form of a dressing, a patch, or an implantable matrix.
- Said pro-healing macrophages and any CSM may have been previously obtained from cells of said subject among, bone marrow cells, iPS or blood monocytes, and adipose tissue (ASC: “Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal Stroma Cell”).
- ASC Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal Stroma Cell
- the invention also relates to a kit intended for regenerative medicine, and in particular for the treatment of a wound, such as a chronic wound, said kit comprising: a PEC matrix of alginate and chitosan, said matrix having an interconnected open macroporosity in which the anionic polymer/cationic polymer mass ratio is between 20/80 and 80/20, preferably between 40/60 and 60/40; a culture medium suitable for the culture of pro-healing monocytes or macrophages and/or a culture medium suitable for the differentiation of bone marrow cells into macrophages of pro-healing phenotype.
- the PEC matrix is sterilized.
- FIG. 1 shows the chemical structure of sodium alginate and its monomeric units M and G (A), and an example of an alginate chain sequence (B).
- FIG. 2 shows the chemical structure of chitin or chitosan.
- FIG. 3A represents the distribution of the different batches studied in an in vivo murine study model of the cell therapy strategy for chronic wounds.
- FIG. 3B shows the timeline of the test in Figure 3A and the experimental conditions.
- FIG. 4 shows the gene expression profile of macrophage (mO) MO, Ml and M2 after 24 hours of culture or in contact with PEC 40/60 matrices.
- A Anti- and proinflammatory cytokines.
- B Membrane receptors. Analyses were performed with 3 replicates per condition (1-way ANOVA test; *P ⁇ 0.05; **P ⁇ 0.01; *** P ⁇ 0.001; **** P ⁇ 0.0001). For clarity on the graphs, only significant differences between m ⁇ I> in contact with matrices compared to their reference group (m ⁇ I> in culture) are indicated.
- FIG. 5 AB shows the results of the flow cytometry study of the expression of the surface markers F4/80, CD206 (MR) and CD86 by the m ⁇ l» M2 after 24 hours of culture (A) or in contact with the PEC 40/60 matrices (B).
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the luminescence monitoring of reactive oxygen species production by macrophages (m ⁇ 5) MO, Ml and M2 after 24 hours of culture or in contact with 3D matrices after stimulation with 100 mM TPA.
- FIG 8 shows in confocal microscopy a PEC 40/60 matrix after 24 hours of culture and after differential labeling of living/dead cells.
- the upper left insert indicates the imaged faces of the matrix.
- the 3D matrix as a whole is presented in (A), it is a 3D reconstruction at 10X magnification with phase contrast and z-projection of the channels.
- Images B-C-D correspond to the z-projection of a cross-section of the matrix at 10X.
- Images E-F-G then H-I-J are z-projections of the matrix imaged longitudinally at 10X and 40X respectively.
- FIG 9 shows the wound closure kinetics from the first day of treatment (D2).
- the statistical analysis between the 3D matrix + m ⁇ I> M2 group and the HFD control group is indicated by * (p ⁇ 0.05).
- FIG 10AB shows representative images of histological sections from the control group (A) and the group treated with 3D matrices + mO M2 (B).
- FIG. 10C shows the histological scores associated with the images in Figures 10A and 10B.
- FIG 12 shows the functionality of human M(p) and ASC seeded in the matrix in the basal state or after infectious stimuli (LPS). After 24h of culture, the concentrations of IL-10, IL-6 and IL-ip are determined by ELISA.
- FIG 13 shows the effects of a matrix according to the invention seeded with different murine therapeutic cells on the repair of chronic wounds.
- a 1 cm 2 wound is made on the back of diabetic male C57BL/6 mice aged over 10 months.
- the matrices alone (A) or matrices containing pro-resolving macrophages (M2-Mcp) + associated with adipose tissue mesenchymal stromal cells (ASCs) (B) are applied to the wound.
- the matrices are placed on the wound for 24 hours and then replaced by a new matrix for 3 days.
- a photo of the wound is taken every day and the animals are sacrificed. when a group reaches 90% wound closure. At different times, the wound area is measured and the percentage of closure is determined relative to the wound area at D0.
- C Area under the curve after the different treatments.
- FIG 14 shows a comparison of the number of days required to close the wound at 25, 50, 75, 95 and 100% between untreated mice and mice treated with therapeutic cells contained in the matrix.
- the number indicated on the histograms represents the difference in days required to close the wound at X% between untreated mice (black histogram) and mice treated with matrix alone (A), matrix containing M2-Mcp (B) or matrix containing M2-Mcp associated with ASCs (C).
- FIG 15 shows a histological analysis of the wounds after treatment with the matrix associated with different therapeutic cells. 10 days post-injury, the animals are sacrificed, the dorsal skin is removed and a histological analysis (hemalun Eosin labeling) is performed. In order to evaluate wound closure, the distance between the paniculus camosus present on each side of the wound is measured on the histological sections of mice treated with the matrix alone (A) or with the matrix containing M2-M ⁇ p and ASCs (B). (C) Macroscopic analysis of the histological sections (hemalun Eosin labeling) of the wounds after treatment (10 days post-injury).
- FIG 16 shows the effects of matrices containing different human pro-resolving cells on the proliferation of human skin fibroblasts.
- M2-Mcp (A) or M2-Mcp associated with ASCs (M2Mq > + ASCs) (B) were cultured in culture plates (2D) (black dotted line) or on the matrix (3D) (black solid line) for 24 h in a-MEM + 0.1% fetal calf serum (FCS). After 24 h of culture, the supernatants were collected and added to human primary fibroblasts cultured at low density. The proliferation of fibroblasts cultured in these culture supernatants is evaluated for 7 days using a real-time imaging system (Incucyte S3, Sartorius).
- FIG 17 shows that the matrix promotes the anti-inflammatory profile of macrophages.
- Human macrophages are differentiated into anti-inflammatory macrophages (M2-Mcp) (IL-4 for 24h). Then the M2-Mcp are cultured in plates (2D) or on the matrix (3D). After 24h, the culture supernatants are collected and the IL-10 concentration is evaluated by ELISA.
- M2-Mcp anti-inflammatory macrophages
- the present invention relates to a matrix of polyelectrolyte complexes particularly suitable for use in a wound dressing in the context of tissue regeneration.
- the matrix can be used as a biomaterial in combination with therapeutic cells, such as macrophages and/or mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), to aid in wound healing.
- therapeutic cells such as macrophages and/or mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs)
- Biocompatible means a material, matrix or substance that does not interfere with or degrade the biological environment in which it is used.
- biodegradable we mean a material or matrix capable of being naturally decomposed by living organisms.
- implantable material or matrix we mean a material or matrix capable of being naturally decomposed by the organism in which it is to be implanted.
- biomaterial is meant a non-living material, intended to interact with a biological system, with an appropriate host response in a specific application.
- a “hybrid biomaterial” designates the combination of a matrix and therapeutic cells, which can be used in particular as a dressing or temporary skin substitute, capable of delivering therapeutic substances (bioactive molecules secreted by the cells, active ingredients) and/or of stimulating a cellular target.
- the present invention is mainly based on a biocompatible and advantageously biodegradable polymer matrix. More precisely, the matrix is a matrix of polyelectrolyte complexes (PEC) based on anionic polymer(s) and cationic polymer(s). PECs have many advantages such as maintaining the very good biocompatibility of the polymers (here biosourced) from which they are derived. This is why PECs are already conventionally used in tissue engineering with promising results in this field (Ishihara 2019).
- the matrix is a three-dimensional (3D) matrix. More specifically, the matrix according to the invention is a PEC matrix having interconnected open macroporosity.
- interconnected open macroporosity is meant that the matrix more particularly comprises pores with an average diameter of between 50 and 300 pm, that said pores communicate with each other and that it is possible to access said pores from the external surface of the matrix.
- Biocompatible anionic polymers are advantageously chosen from alginates and modified alginates.
- Alginates form a family of linear copolymers consisting of a chain of P-D-mannuronic acid units (M unit) and a-L-guluronic acid (G unit), linked together by P (1-4) glycodisic bonds. It is possible to vary the rigidity of alginate gels by varying the M/G ratio. For example, it is possible to use sodium alginate.
- Modified alginates are understood to be alginates whose basic structure is functionalized by one or more groups, in particular by one or more peptides. For example, it is possible to use alginate functionalized by RGD tripeptides (L-arginine, glycine, L-aspartic acid) participating in cell adhesion.
- the alginate used may in particular have an M/G ratio of between 1.4 and 2.7, in particular between 1.5 and 2.5, for example, approximately equal to 1.5, to 1.6, to 1.7, to 1.8, to 1.9, to 2, to 2.1, to 2.2, to 2.3, to 2.4, to 2.5.
- the alginate has a molecular weight (Mw) of between 150,000 and 250,000, +/- 10%, for example, approximately 150,000, 155,00, 160,000, 165,000, 170,000, 175,000, 180,000, 185,000, 190,000, 195,000, 200,000, 210,000, 220,000, 230,000, 240,000, 250,000.
- Mw molecular weight
- the alginate may also have a polydispersity index (PI), preferably less than 2, in particular between 1.9 and 1, preferably approximately 1.9, approximately 1.8, approximately 1.7, approximately 1.6, approximately 1.5, approximately 1.4, approximately 1.3, approximately 1.2, approximately 1.1, approximately 1.
- PI polydispersity index
- the chitosan used can have a degree of deacetylation (DD A) of between 50% and 90%, in particular between 75% and 90%, preferably between 75 and 85%.
- DD A degree of deacetylation
- the molecular weight (Mw) of chitosan is advantageously between 100,000 and 500,000 +/- 10%, preferably between 130,000 and 400,000, between 140,000 and 350,000, between 150,000 and 300,000, between 175,000 and 270,000, between 200,000 and 250,000, in particular approximately 135,000, approximately 140,000, approximately 145,000, approximately 150,000, approximately 155,000, approximately 160,000, approximately 165,000, approximately 170,000, approximately 175,000, approximately 180,000, approximately 185,000, approximately
- the polydispersity index (PI) of chitosan is preferably less than 2, in particular between 1.9 and 1, preferably approximately 1.9, approximately 1.8, approximately 1.7, approximately 1.6, approximately 1.5, approximately 1.4, approximately 1.3, approximately 1.2, approximately 1.1, approximately 1.
- the PEC matrix comprises alginate and chitosan according to the above characteristics, in an alginate/chitosan mass ratio of between 35/65 and 45/55, preferably approximately 40/60.
- the alginates advantageously have a M/G ratio of between 1.4 and 2.7, preferably equal to 2 +7-0.2, a molecular weight (Mw) of between 150,000 and 250,000, in particular approximately 195,000, and a polydispersity index (PI) of less than 2, preferably approximately 1.5.
- Mw molecular weight
- PI polydispersity index
- chitosan advantageously has a degree of deacetylation (DDA) of between 75% and 90%, preferably between 75 and 85%, an Mw of between 130,000 and 400,000, preferably between 140,000 and 250,000 or between 200,000 and 400,000, and a polydispersity index of less than 2, preferably of approximately 1.8 or approximately 1.7.
- DDA degree of deacetylation
- the alginate used may have a M/G ratio of 1.4 +/- 0.1, a molecular weight of about 162,000 and a polydispersity index of about 1.7.
- the chitosan used may have a DDA of 88% +/- 5%, a molecular weight of about 146,700 and a PI of about 1.7.
- the PEC matrix comprises an alginate/chitosan mass ratio of between 35/65 and 45/55, preferably of approximately 40/60.
- the alginate of the matrix has a M/G ratio of 2.1 -+7-0.1, a molecular weight of approximately 193,100 and an IP of approximately 1.5, and the chitosan has a DDA of 80% +/-5%, a molecular weight of approximately 216,300 and an IP of approximately 1.8.
- the matrix according to the invention can be prepared by any suitable method known to those skilled in the art. In particular, it is possible to implement the preparation method described in application WO2017/017379. After obtaining, the matrix can be sterilized and optionally dried or freeze-dried, this drying or freeze-drying being preferably carried out before sterilization with a view to its subsequent use as a biomaterial.
- the polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) matrix is produced by mixing the anionic polysaccharide, such as alginate, and the cationic polymer, such as chitosan, in proportions of between 40/60 and 60/40.
- the cationic polymers and the anionic polymer are in mass proportions of between 40/60 and 60/40.
- the cationic polymers and the anionic polymer are in proportions allowing a maximum level of ionic interaction (+/-10%).
- the preparation step of a PEC matrix based on chitosan and alginate includes
- the matrix according to the invention can be dried, for example by supercritical CO2 drying, and/or freeze-dried, in order to promote its preservation and storage before use.
- the matrix according to the invention can advantageously be sterilized, preferably dry. Sterilization can be carried out by any means, physical or chemical, known to those skilled in the art and suitable for PEC matrices. In particular, it is possible to sterilize the matrix by irradiation with low-energy pulsed electron beams or by irradiation with low-energy continuous electron beams. Low-energy irradiation means an energy of less than 500 keV.
- the sterilization method described in Farno et al 2021 (“Low-energy electron beam sterilization of solid alginate and chitosan, and their polyelectrolyte complexes”, Carbohydrate Polymers 261 (2021) 117578) is particularly suitable.
- the sterilization is carried out by irradiation at a dose of less than 5 kGy, in particular between 2 and 3 kGy, preferably 2.5 kGy, by pulsed technology with a beam energy of between 200 and 350 keV, preferably between 250 and 300 keV, in particular at 280 keV.
- the sterilization is carried out by irradiation at a dose of between 10 and 25 kGy, preferably between 12 and 20 kGy, more preferably 15 kGy, by pulsed technology with a beam energy of between 350 and 550 keV, preferably between 400 and 450 keV.
- sterilization is carried out by irradiation at a dose of 15 kGy, with a beam energy of 430 keV.
- the invention also relates to a biomaterial combining a matrix as described above, and therapeutic cells and/or therapeutic substances.
- the matrix according to the invention has mechanical and biological properties that are particularly suitable for cell therapy.
- the matrix according to the invention has properties that are favorable to the seeding and survival of particular cells, such as macrophages and mesenchymal stromal cells. Indeed, the porosity generated allows deep seeding of the matrix, and the architecture recreates a biomimetic environment capable of maintaining cell viability, a particular phenotype and/or metabolic activity.
- the matrix according to the invention is thus particularly suitable for the seeding and survival of macrophages and/or mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). It is thus possible to use the matrix according to the invention with macrophages, or with a combination of macrophages and MSCs.
- MSCs mesenchymal stromal cells
- pro-resolving macrophages are essential to stop inflammation and direct healing to the repair phase.
- these macrophages aim to return homeostasis and mature the skin to its initial state.
- the resolution of inflammation is partly activated by the phagocytosis of apoptotic PNNs by macrophages, which consequently secrete TGF-0 and VEGF.
- Pro-resolving macrophages also produce IL-10 in high quantities, which is known to be immunosuppressive.
- ECM extracellular matrix
- these macrophages are involved in the apoptosis of myofibroblasts to minimize the risk of excessive fibrosis.
- Proresolving macrophages are characterized by the presence of Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs) capable of recognizing pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and/or danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs).
- PRRs Pattern Recognition Receptors
- PAMPs pathogen-associated molecular patterns
- DAMPs danger-associated molecular patterns
- the matrix according to the invention advantageously comprises pro-healing macrophages.
- pro-healing macrophages designate pro-inflammatory macrophages, pro-resolving macrophages, or a mixture thereof.
- pro-inflammatory/anti-bacterial macrophages and/or pro-resolving macrophages is advantageously conditioned by the infectious and inflammatory status of the wound to be treated.
- the person skilled in the art is able to decide on the type of pro-healing macrophages to be used with the matrix, depending on the wound to be treated.
- the inventors have demonstrated that the matrix according to the invention makes it possible to maintain matrix macrophages in a pro-resolving state.
- the matrix according to the invention comprising pro-resolving macrophages can make it possible to force endogenous macrophages, in contact with said matrix, towards a pro-resolving phenotype.
- said matrix in the case of use of the matrix as a dressing applied to a wound, said matrix can promote healing by driving the macrophages present at the wound towards a pro-resolving phenotype.
- the matrix according to the invention can also be used with other types of therapeutic cells, such as MSCs and/or with therapeutic molecules, and can optionally be functionalized with antibiotics, natural substances (propolis, proanthocyanidin A).
- MSCs are particularly interesting in the context of wound treatment, in combination with macrophages, because they make it possible to induce a pro-resolving phenotype of macrophages.
- the polarization of macrophages towards a pro-resolving phenotype by MSCs can concern both exogenous macrophages, provided by the biomaterial, and endogenous macrophages, present at the level of the wound on which the hybrid biomaterial is applied.
- MSCs through the secretion of paracrine factors, can modulate and recruit endogenous wound cells such as fibroblasts and keratinocytes and thus accelerate wound closure (Shingyochi, Y, 2015, Exp Opinion mol Ther; Krzyszczyk, P, 2018, Front Physiol).
- MSCs also play a central role in wound neovascularization by secreting anti-inflammatory factors but also by stimulating the production of VEGF by cells in the microenvironment (Shingyochi, Y, 2015, Exp Opinion mol Ther). MSCs therefore have a strong potential to accelerate the wound closure process through their anti-inflammatory properties, by stimulating angiogenesis as well as by producing soluble factors that improve wound healing. wound microenvironment and thus promote tissue reconstruction.
- matrix CMSs may play a role in the different phases of healing of healthy or infected wounds.
- the inventors demonstrated that the association between pro-resolving macrophages and ASCs significantly increases the number of viable cells in the matrix.
- the association between pro-resolving macrophages and ASCs potentiates the pro-resolving and therapeutic activity of cells seeded in the matrix.
- the biomaterial according to the invention comprises a matrix based on alginate and chitosan, advantageously with an alginate/chitosan mass ratio of approximately 40/60, and macrophages, preferably pro-healing macrophages, in particular pro-resolving macrophages.
- the hybrid biomaterial according to the invention comprises a matrix based on alginate and chitosan, advantageously with an alginate/chitosan mass ratio of approximately 40/60, pro-healing macrophages and mesenchymal stromal cells.
- the hybrid biomaterial according to the invention comprises a matrix based on alginate and chitosan, advantageously with an alginate/chitosan mass ratio of approximately 40/60, pro-healing macrophages, preferably pro-resolving macrophages, and mesenchymal stromal cells.
- the hybrid biomaterial according to the invention consists of a matrix as described above and pro-healing macrophages, preferably pro-resolving macrophages.
- the hybrid biomaterial according to the invention consists of a matrix as described above, pro-resolving macrophages and MSCs.
- the volume concentration of cells in the PEC matrix is between 800 and 8000 cells/mm3 of PEC matrix, preferably between 500 cells and 4000 cells/mm3 of PEC matrix.
- Macrophages exhibiting a pro-healing phenotype, and in particular a pro-resolving phenotype preferentially represent at least 60% in number of the macrophages contained in the PEC matrix, more preferentially at least 70%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%.
- the volume concentration of CSM in the PEC matrix is preferably between 800 and 8000 CSM/mm3 of PEC matrix.
- the hybrid biomaterial according to the invention can be prepared by any method known to those skilled in the art.
- the method for preparing a hybrid biomaterial according to the invention may comprise the steps of preparing a matrix of polyelectrolyte complexes (PEC) according to the invention, optionally drying, sterilization of said PEC matrix and seeding of the PEC matrix with therapeutic cells, in particular pro-healing macrophages.
- PEC polyelectrolyte complexes
- said matrix is seeded with therapeutic cells, by bringing the matrix into contact with a culture medium comprising said therapeutic cells of interest.
- a culture medium comprising said therapeutic cells of interest.
- the method for preparing a hybrid biomaterial according to the invention can comprise the steps:
- step (d) seeding the PEC matrix with pro-healing macrophages obtained in step (a) optionally combined with MSCs.
- step (a) may comprise culturing the macrophages under conditions making it possible to obtain macrophages with a pro-resolving phenotype.
- step (a) of culturing the macrophages comprises culturing bone marrow cells previously taken from a human or non-human mammal, in a culture medium making it possible to obtain naive macrophages, polarizing them towards a pro-resolving phenotype by culturing them in a culture medium supplemented with IL-4, IL-13 and dexamethasone for several days, in particular between 2 and 10 days, for example at least 4 days.
- Polarizing the macrophages towards a pro-inflammatory phenotype is obtained by culturing them in a culture medium supplemented with Interferon- ⁇ and/or LPS for several days, in particular between 2 and 10 days, for example at least 4 days.
- step (a) may comprise culturing macrophages under conditions that produce macrophages with a pro-inflammatory phenotype.
- step (a) of culturing macrophages comprises a differentiation step in the presence of MSCF and a 24-hour culture step in the presence of inflammatory cytokines, such as gamma interferon, and/or bacterial cell walls in a defined medium.
- PEC matrix preparation step (b) and sterilization step (d) can be carried out as described above.
- cell culture step (a) and steps (b) and (d) can be carried out independently and in different time periods. For example, it is possible to prepare the matrix and sterilize it several hours, days, months, etc. before the cell culture step. Before seeding, the matrices can be stored in a lyophilized and sterilized state in a sterilization package.
- the seeded matrices can be preserved in culture.
- the seeded matrices are placed in multi-well cell culture dishes, in which a volume of medium is added, adapted according to the size of the wells and matrices, so as to immerse the seeded matrix.
- the dishes are preserved in an incubator at approximately 37°C and 5% CO2.
- the preservation period may depend on the cell type.
- the culture medium can be renewed at a frequency depending on the cell type. The person skilled in the art knows how to adapt the culture medium, the volumes and the renewal of the medium to the cell types and to the intended final use of the biomaterial.
- culture preservation can extend over a period of several days, including 10 days, 15 days, 20 days, 21 days or more, with a very high macrophage viability rate.
- the invention also relates to a kit intended for regenerative medicine, and in particular for the treatment of a wound, such as a chronic wound, said kit comprising:
- the culture medium is suitable for the culture of pro-resolving macrophages and/or MSCs.
- macrophages are cultured in supplemented RPMI 1640, and MSCs are cultured in supplemented alpha-MEM.
- the kit may also include a culture medium suitable for the differentiation of cells, such as bone marrow cells, iPS cells, etc. into macrophages with a pro-resolving and/or pro-inflammatory phenotype.
- the kit may comprise a matrix as described above, shaped for use as a wound dressing, or provided with means enabling use as a wound dressing.
- the kit may contain a strip or any adhesive, to enable the matrix to be held in position on a wound.
- the matrix may be provided in a format enabling it to be cut to fit the size/shape of the wound.
- the matrix according to the invention can in particular be used as a dressing to be applied to a wound.
- a matrix is capable of promoting the polarization of endogenous macrophages, present at the level of a wound to be treated for example, towards a pro-resolving phenotype.
- the application of a dressing comprising such a matrix can help in the healing of a wound.
- the matrix according to the invention in combination with one or more therapeutic molecules and/or biological substances.
- IL- 13/IL-4 for example, IL- 13/IL-4, dexamethasone, eicosanoids.
- the matrix according to the invention can advantageously be used in combination with macrophages and more particularly pro-resolving and/or pro-inflammatory macrophages, and/or MSCs, in regenerative medicine, and more particularly in the context of the treatment of chronic wounds.
- Regenerative medicine means the repair, replacement or regeneration of damaged cells or tissues. According to the invention, tissue repair and healing of skin wounds are mainly targeted.
- the invention relates to pro-healing macrophages for their use in regenerative medicine in a subject, said healing macrophages being in a form suitable for their administration to said subject by means of a hybrid biomaterial according to the invention.
- the invention relates in particular to pro-resolving macrophages, optionally in combination with MSCs, for their use in regenerative medicine in a subject, said pro-resolving macrophages being in a form suitable for their administration to said subject by means of a hybrid biomaterial according to the invention.
- a subject is understood to be a mammal, human or non-human, in need of medical treatment, such as the treatment of a wound, in particular a chronic wound.
- the subject is a human mammal, child, adolescent or adult.
- the subject has a disease limiting the healing mechanisms and/or is an elderly subject.
- the subject is a diabetic, preferably a type II diabetic.
- elderly subject we mean a human mammal aged 70 or over.
- the invention particularly relates to pro-resolving macrophages, optionally in combination with MSCs, in a hybrid biomaterial according to the invention, for their use in the treatment of a wound, in particular a chronic wound.
- the invention also relates to pro-inflammatory macrophages, optionally in combination with MSCs, in a hybrid biomaterial according to the invention, for their use in the treatment of a wound, in particular a chronic wound.
- Said pro-healing macrophages and/or MSCs can be obtained from cells of said subject such as blood monocytes, MSCs from adipose tissue, bone marrow or umbilical cord, macrophages, bone marrow cells and/or iPS.
- the invention also relates to the use of a biomaterial according to the invention, in particular in the form of a dressing or implantable matrix, in regenerative medicine.
- the invention relates to the use of such a biomaterial according to which said biomaterial is placed in contact with injured tissue, such as a skin wound.
- the invention also relates to a method for treating injured tissue according to which a biomaterial as described above is applied against the injured tissue to promote the repair of said tissue.
- the invention relates to a method for treating a wound, and particularly a chronic wound, according to which said biomaterial is applied against the wound to promote healing.
- the hybrid biomaterial advantageously contains pro-healing macrophages and in particular pro-resolving macrophages, optionally in combination with MSCs.
- the biomaterial can be applied in the form of a dressing capable of being held on the wound.
- the invention also relates to the use of macrophages for the preparation of a biomaterial according to the invention, for the treatment of injured tissue.
- the invention relates to the use of macrophages for the preparation of a biomaterial according to the invention, for the treatment of a wound, more particularly a chronic wound, such as a chronic diabetic wound.
- the polymers used are a “medium viscosity” alginate marketed by Sigma (reference A-2033; lot 051M0054V) or by Algaia (Satialgine XPS 170NS) and a “medium molecular weight” chitosan also supplied by Sigma (reference 448877, lot STBF8484V or lot BCCJ1419).
- M/G ratio of 2.1 was determined by the method described by Vilén et al. (Vilén et al., 2011).
- Mw mass average molecular weight
- Mn number average molecular weight
- the degree of deacetylation was calculated by applying the method of Heux et al. (Heux et al., 2000) and was estimated at 80% +/-5%.
- the Mw and Mn values obtained by size exclusion chromatography are respectively 216,300 and 120,300 g/mol with a polydispersity index of 1.8, for the alginate of batch STBF8484V.
- the Mw and Mn values obtained by size exclusion chromatography are respectively 146,700 and 86,500 g/mol with a polydispersity index of 1.7.
- PEC matrices are obtained by mixing an alginate solution with a fixed concentration of 3% (weight/volume) and a chitosan solution with 1.5% acetic acid and a variable chitosan concentration depending on the final polymer ratio desired in the matrices.
- the alginate and chitosan solutions are homogenized by mechanical stirring and then mixed in equivalent mass proportions. After the addition of the two polyelectrolytes, the mixture is also mechanically stirred. The final PEC mixture is then placed in a culture plate, frozen for at least 24 hours at -20°C, and the matrices are freeze-dried for 24 hours. The PEC matrices are gelled for 1 hour with a 0.1M calcium chloride solution. The matrices are then rinsed, frozen and freeze-dried again.
- This protocol allows the production of a family of 3D matrices with an alginate/chitosan ratio ranging from 80/20 to 20/80.
- the murine macrophages used were derived from a primary culture. They were extracted from the bone marrow of C57BL6/JRj mice (Janvier Labs). Murine ASCs were obtained by enzymatic and mechanical digestion of the inguinal adipose tissue of C57BL6/JRj mice (Janvier Labs).
- the femurs and tibias are removed and cleaned so as to remove the surrounding muscles.
- the two epiphyses of each bone are removed and the medullary canal is washed by injection of PBS in order to recover the bone marrow cells.
- Mechanical dissociation of the cell suspension is carried out with a pipette by successive pushing and the suspension is filtered at 40 pm and centrifuged for 10 minutes at 1500 rpm. The cell pellet is then taken up in 1 mL of ACK buffer in order to lyse the red blood cells.
- the pellet is taken up in 9 mL of complete medium (DMEM glutamax, 10% FCS, 1% penicillin/streptomycin and 1% L-glutamine) and centrifuged a second time. The final pellet is taken up in 5 mL; 10 pL are collected for trypan blue staining and counting on Malassez cells. On average, between 20 and 40 million bone marrow cells are recovered per mouse. The cells are taken up in their entirety in complete medium supplemented with M-CSF (30 ng/mL); they are seeded in petri dishes to obtain 300,000 cells/cm 2 . After 4 days of adhesion, MO macrophages (mO MO) are obtained (Martinez et al., 2006; Xia Zhang et al., 2008).
- MO macrophages are not activated and can be polarized towards a pro-resolving M2 phenotype (m$ M2) with complete medium supplemented with M-CSF (30 ng/mL), IL-4 (10 ng/mL) and dexamethasone (10-7M) for 3 days, or towards a pro-inflammatory Ml phenotype (m ⁇ I> Ml) with complete medium supplemented with M-CSF (30 ng/mL), IFN-y (2 ng/mL) and LPS (100 ng/mL) for 24 hours.
- Human ASCs are isolated from human adipose tissue obtained after abdominal dermolipectomies.
- the adipose tissue is digested by mechanical and then enzymatic action.
- the cell pellet represents the vascular stromal fraction of the adipose tissue that contains the ASCs.
- the FSV is then cultured and the ASCs are obtained after 8 days of culture.
- PBMC peripheral blood mononuclear cells
- PBMC peripheral blood mononuclear cells
- M-CSF non-polarized macrophages
- M2-Mcp pro-resolving phenotype
- non-activated MO or polarized Ml (pro-inflammatory phenotype) or M2 (pro-resolving phenotype) macrophages are cultured for two hours. After adhesion of the macrophages, the matrices are placed in the well so that they are in direct contact with the cells. The cells or the culture supernatant are collected 24 hours later for the various analyses.
- the seeding of the matrices in the lyophilized state is done by depositing a 15 pL cell pellet containing 400,000 macrophages. The matrix rapidly absorbs the cell pellet and is then centrifuged for 1 minute at 400 g to facilitate the penetration of the cells over the entire depth of the 3D matrices. Finally, complete medium is gently added to the edge of the well and the matrices are incubated (37°C, 5% CO2).
- the first step is to cut the matrices into 4 in order to maximize the contact between the cells attached to the matrix and the detachment solution.
- the samples are then incubated with a detachment solution, before filtration.
- the debris is filtered successively through a 100 ⁇ m then 40 ⁇ m sieve, then the cell suspensions are centrifuged.
- RT-PCR Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction
- the ReliaPrepTM RNA Cell Miniprep System kit (Promega) is used to extract mRNA following the protocol given by the supplier. The mRNAs are then assayed using the Nanodrop® (ND-1000).
- Reverse transcription of mRNA into cDNA is performed with the “Superscript Vilo cDNA synthesis kit” (Invitrogen).
- a pool of pure cDNA is constituted by mixing 2 pL of each sample.
- the pool is then diluted with V5e, E10e, E20e and E40e to constitute a standard curve.
- the remaining cDNAs are then diluted with ESe in RNAse/DNAse-free water.
- PCR cDNA amplification is performed using the “SYBR Green I-based real-time PCR” kit (Roche) in a LightCycler® 480.
- the sequences of the primers used are detailed in the Table below.
- the relative expression of each gene in the samples is determined with respect to the standard curve and with respect to the housekeeping gene (Gapdh).
- macrophages cultured in wells (2D control) and those detached from 3D matrices are analyzed by flow cytometry.
- the cell suspensions are centrifuged, then the cell pellets are incubated in the dark for 20 minutes at 4°C in Fc block buffer (saturation of non-specific sites). Labeling is then carried out in the dark for 15 minutes at room temperature with the following antibodies diluted in FACS buffer: F4/80+ FITC Biolegend), CD206 APC (Biorad) and CD86 PE (Biolegend).
- the cell suspensions are rinsed and centrifuged, before being incubated with Live/dead violet (miltenyibiotec).
- the samples are taken up in 186 FACS buffer before their acquisition on the BD Fortessa cytometer (BD Biosciences). Analyses are performed using BD FACS DVIATM software (BD Biosciences).
- Fc block buffer FACS buffer supplemented with 3% mouse serum, 3% rat serum and the anti-CD16/CD32 antibody pair at '/ O 6
- FACS buffer PBS supplemented with 5% FCS and 5 mM EDTA G
- ROS reactive oxygen species
- ROS Reactive oxygen species
- the measurement of arginase activity is determined from cell lysates by colorimetric assay of urea production.
- mice All experiments on mice were carried out in compliance with current regulations concerning the use of animals for scientific purposes.
- mice used in this in vivo assay are 8-week-old male C57B1/6NRJ mice (Janvier Labs). All animals are maintained on a daily cycle divided into 12 h of darkness, followed by 12 h of light at 22°C, with unlimited access to water and food.
- a high-fat diet (HFD) for 4 months 260 HF diet, Safe is fed to the mice (Gâlvez et al., 2019). The mice are weighed at regular intervals and their blood glucose is measured in the fasting state to check for hyperglycemia.
- mice are randomly divided into 4 groups of six mice (Figure 3A).
- the protocol carried out extends over about ten days ( Figure 3B) and begins with the creation of a wound on day D0.
- the mice are anesthetized using isoflurane.
- the dorsal part and the flanks are shaved and disinfected then a circular excision of approximately 1 cm2 is carried out.
- a non-invasive experimental device is implanted, developed by PharmaDev (FR2984719/FR2984722). It allows among other things the maintenance of the 3D matrices at the level of the wounds.
- mice After surgery, mice are placed in a heated cage until they wake up and food is placed directly in their cage to facilitate feeding.
- Control group 30 pL of culture medium (DMEM glutamax);
- 3D Matrix Only group: 3D matrix sterilized by pulsed electron irradiation and hydrated in culture medium;
- M2 macrophages alone group: 200,000 M2 polarized macrophages in vitro;
- 3D Matrix with M2 Macrophages group: 3D matrix sterilized by pulsed electron irradiation, seeded with polarized M2 macrophages in vitro and hydrated.
- HM 3 40 E Rotary Microtome HM 3 40 E Rotary Microtome, Thermo Scientific TM
- HE stain hematoxylin and eosin
- mice are randomly divided into 4 groups of five mice.
- the protocol carried out extends over about ten days and begins with the creation of a wound on day D0 (see in vivo protocol Figure 3). After 48 hours (day D2), the first topical treatments are applied:
- Control group 30 pL of culture medium (DMEM glutamax);
- 3D Matrix Only group: 3D matrix irradiated with UV and hydrated in culture medium;
- 3D matrix with M2 macrophages group: UV-irradiated 3D matrix, seeded with in vitro polarized M2 macrophages and hydrated.
- 3D matrix with M2 macrophages and ASC UV-irradiated 3D matrix, seeded with in vitro polarized M2 macrophages and ASC and hydrated.
- Human pro-resolving macrophages (M2-M (p: 2x10 5 cells) and human ASCs (2 x 10 5 cells) are seeded alone or in combination in the 3D matrix and are cultured. After 2 and 6 days of seeding, the cells present in the matrix are labeled with the kit "ReadyProbesTM Cell Viability Imaging Kit” (Invitrogen) according to the manufacturer's instructions. NucBlueTM Live reagent labels the nuclei of all cells while NucGreenTM Dead labels only the nuclei of dead cells. After 20 minutes of labeling, the matrices are washed 3 times with PBS and fluorescence is detected by confocal microscopy (LSM880, Zeiss). The total cell number as well as the number of dead cells are evaluated by automated photo analysis on Fidji (Macro developed at the Restore laboratory) (Analysis of 5 photos per condition).
- Human ASCs (1x10 5 cells) and different populations of human Mcp (IxlO 5 cells) are seeded alone or associated in the 3D matrix. After 12h of seeding, the medium is changed and the matrices containing the cells are re-cultured and stimulated or not with LPS (10 ng/mL). After 24h of culture, the supernatants are recovered and the concentrations of IL-6, IL-ip and IL-10 are determined by ELISA following the supplier's instructions (Invitrogen).
- This marking also provides information on the spatial distribution of the mO M2 in the matrices. No regionalization is observed. On the contrary, the m ⁇ I> M2 are distributed homogeneously both on the surface and in depth. Interestingly, after 21 days of culture, the M2 mOs still exhibit good viability in the 3D matrices.
- 3D matrices combining alginate and PEC 40/60 chitosan constitute an optimal 3D support of M2 macrophages for cell therapy.
- alginate-chitosan matrices on the polarization of activated macrophages towards a MO, Ml and M2 phenotype was studied.
- alginate-chitosan matrices 40/60 were placed in contact with macrophages (mO MO, Ml or M2) for 24 hours and the level of expression of mRNAs coding for pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines (Tnf-o., 11-10, Tgf-01) was studied ( Figure 4).
- arginine metabolism is at the center of the different functions associated with the M1 and M2 phenotypes of macrophages (m ). Indeed, there is a competition between the oxide nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and arginase for the substrate L-arginine (Mills, 2012; Rath et al., 2014; Shearer et al., 1997). In particular, urea is frequently measured to assess the activity of arginase, an enzyme characteristic of M2 macrophages (Csonka et al., 2015). MO and M2 macrophages exhibit significantly higher urea production upon contact with 3D al inate-chitosan matrices, demonstrating greater arginase activity in these macrophages (Figure 6).
- mice on HFD diet were checked. These values were compared to that of a "normal chow" control group consisting of C57B1/6 mice fed normally.
- the average mass of mice on high-fat diet (HFD) was greater than that of control mice (51.5 ⁇ 0.5 g vs. 25.2 ⁇ 0.9 g).
- HFD high-fat diet
- a non-invasive experimental device (FR2984719/FR2984722) was implanted. Among other things, it allows the maintenance of 3D matrices at the level of the wounds. The treatments began 48 hours after having made the wounds, so as not to interfere with the inflammatory phase, the proper progress of which allows the activation of the subsequent phases of healing (Jetten et al., 2014).
- Treatments consist of topically applying to the wound either culture medium (control group), 200,000 M2 macrophages (mî> M2) or a hydrated 3D matrix alone or seeded with 200,000 M2 macrophages. Thanks to the non-invasive experimental device, wound closure was monitored daily by taking standardized photographs, from the creation of the wound on D0 until the sacrifice of the mice on D15.
- wound closure was determined by daily measurement of wound area for each mouse. Results are presented as percentage of wound closure relative to wound area on the day treatment began (D2) ( Figure 9).
- the biomaterial according to the invention therefore makes it possible (i) to act as a barrier to infectious agents in the environment, (ii) upon contact with the wound to cause an orientation of the endogenous macrophages of the wound towards an anti-inflammatory phenotype but also (iii) to maintain the viability and pro-resolving functionality of the macrophages.
- the score was determined based on the following parameters: the presence of inflammatory cells; the quality of the epidermis (continuity and thickness compared to healthy skin); the quality of the dermis (continuity, presence of hair follicles); the presence of a crust (if yes, detachment and/or presence of inflammatory cells).
- Qualitative analysis of the slides was performed by two different operators, and scores ranging from 0 to 15 were assigned (the score is lower as the quality of the newly formed skin is high). The histological score is lower in mice treated with the 3D matrix seeded with pro-resolving macrophages.
- Histological analysis of skin sections by hematoxylin and eosin staining reveals better quality of scar tissue in terms of continuity of the dermis and epidermis, as well as a lower presence of inflammatory cells in wounds treated with 3D matrices associated with pro-resolving macrophages.
- tissue filling clearly shows greater tissue filling in the group receiving the matrix containing M2 macrophages and ASCs compared to the other groups.
- M2-M(p) present in the matrix maintain a pro-resolving phenotype.
- M2-Mcp cultured in the matrix (3D) produce more IL-10 than M2-Mcp cultured in culture plates (2D) (Fig. 17).
- the culture of M2-Mcp on the matrix modifies their secretory profile.
- the culture supernatants of M2-Mcp cultured in 2D do not induce the proliferation of fibroblasts
- culture supernatants of M2-Mcp cultured on the matrix (3D) significantly induced the proliferation of human fibroblasts (Fig. 16A).
- Similar results were obtained when M2-Mcp were co-cultured with ASCs (Fig. 16B).
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2302374A FR3146590B1 (fr) | 2023-03-15 | 2023-03-15 | Matrice 3D poreuse à base de complexes de polyélectrolytes et ses applications |
| PCT/EP2024/056879 WO2024189169A1 (fr) | 2023-03-15 | 2024-03-14 | Matrice 3d poreuse à base de complexes de polyélectrolytes et ses applications |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4680290A1 true EP4680290A1 (fr) | 2026-01-21 |
Family
ID=87036135
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP24710466.4A Pending EP4680290A1 (fr) | 2023-03-15 | 2024-03-14 | Matrice 3d poreuse à base de complexes de polyélectrolytes et ses applications |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4680290A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3146590B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2024189169A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN118949119B (zh) * | 2024-10-11 | 2025-02-07 | 皖南医学院 | 一种医疗美容创面用敷料及其制备方法 |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2984722B1 (fr) | 2011-12-22 | 2014-11-07 | Urgo Lab | Dispositif non-invasif, destine a recueillir les exsudats d'une plaie, son utilisation et kit comprenant ledit dispositif |
| US20170157296A1 (en) * | 2014-07-21 | 2017-06-08 | The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University | Macrophage or monocyte enhanced wound healing |
| FR3039555B1 (fr) | 2015-07-30 | 2017-08-18 | Univ Toulouse Iii - Paul Sabatier | Procede de preparation de matrices poreuses polymeres biocompatibles et biodegradables trimensionnelles et applications |
| US10004830B2 (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2018-06-26 | DATT MEDIPRODUCTS LIMITED and DATT LIFE SCIENCE PVT. LTD. | Ready to use biodegradable and biocompatible artificial skin substitute and a method of preparation thereof |
-
2023
- 2023-03-15 FR FR2302374A patent/FR3146590B1/fr active Active
-
2024
- 2024-03-14 EP EP24710466.4A patent/EP4680290A1/fr active Pending
- 2024-03-14 WO PCT/EP2024/056879 patent/WO2024189169A1/fr not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR3146590A1 (fr) | 2024-09-20 |
| FR3146590B1 (fr) | 2026-06-05 |
| WO2024189169A1 (fr) | 2024-09-19 |
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