EP4680020A1 - Compositions including aldehydes with improved release rate and degradation properties - Google Patents

Compositions including aldehydes with improved release rate and degradation properties

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Publication number
EP4680020A1
EP4680020A1 EP24712048.8A EP24712048A EP4680020A1 EP 4680020 A1 EP4680020 A1 EP 4680020A1 EP 24712048 A EP24712048 A EP 24712048A EP 4680020 A1 EP4680020 A1 EP 4680020A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
methyl
composition
aldehyde
hexadecenal
dimethyl
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP24712048.8A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Anders Gabrielsson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
FMC Agricultural Solutions AS
Original Assignee
FMC Agricultural Solutions AS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by FMC Agricultural Solutions AS filed Critical FMC Agricultural Solutions AS
Publication of EP4680020A1 publication Critical patent/EP4680020A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N35/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. aldehyde radical
    • A01N35/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. aldehyde radical containing aliphatically bound aldehyde or keto groups, or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof, e.g. acetals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
    • A01N25/18—Vapour or smoke emitting compositions with delayed or sustained release
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
    • A01N25/26—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests in coated particulate form
    • A01N25/28—Microcapsules or nanocapsules
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N31/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic oxygen or sulfur compounds
    • A01N31/02—Acyclic compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
    • A01N37/02—Saturated carboxylic acids or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof

Definitions

  • compositions including aldehydes have improved release rate and degradation properties of the aldehydes compared to the aldehydes alone. Also described herein are methods of altering a rate of evaporation of an aldehyde with the compositions. Also described herein are methods for controlling pests with the compositions.
  • transitional phrase “consisting essentially of’ is used to define a composition or method that includes materials, steps, features, components, or elements, in addition to those literally disclosed, provided that these additional materials, steps, features, components, or elements do not materially affect the basic and novel characteristic(s) of the claimed invention.
  • the term “consisting essentially of’ occupies a middle ground between “comprising” and “consisting of’.
  • the use of “consisting essentially of’ herein allows the applicant, as lexicographer, to define the invention being claimed by excluding any material, step, feature . . .
  • crop vigor refers to rate of growth or biomass accumulation of a crop plant.
  • An “increase in vigor” refers to an increase in growth or biomass accumulation in a crop plant relative to an untreated control crop plant.
  • the term “crop yield” refers to the return on crop material, in terms of both quantity and quality, obtained after harvesting a crop plant.
  • An “increase in crop yield” refers to an increase in crop yield relative to an untreated control crop plant.
  • the polyol includes at least one polyol having a molecular weight of at least 150 g/mol. In some embodiments, the polyol includes at least one polyol having a molecular weight of at least 160 g/mol. In some embodiments, the polyol includes at least one polyol having a molecular weight of at least 170 g/mol. In some embodiments, the polyol includes at least one polyol having a molecular weight of at least 180 g/mol. In some embodiments, the polyol includes at least one polyol having a molecular weight of at least 190 g/mol. In some embodiments, the polyol includes at least one polyol having a molecular weight of at least 200 g/mol.
  • the polyol is a diol. In some embodiments, the polyol is a linear diol. In some embodiments, the polyol is a terminal diol. In some embodiments, the polyol is a linear terminal diol.
  • the polyol is a compound of formula (I), wherein: a is an integer from 0 to 2; b is an integer from 1 to 12; c is an integer from 0 to 12; each Ri, R2, R3, R4, R5, and Re are independently selected from the group consisting of H and Ci -3 alkyl; and the sum of a, b and c is at least 2.
  • a and c are each 0.
  • b is from 2 to 12, such as, e.g. from 3 to 12, from 4 to 12, from 5 to 12, from 6 to 12, from 7 to 12, from 8 to 12, from 9 to 12 and from 10 to 12.
  • each R3 and R4 are H.
  • the polyol includes at least one polyol selected from the group consisting of erythritol, 1,5 -pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,7-heptanediol, 1,8-octanediol, 1 ,9-nonanediol, 1,10-decanediol, 1,12-dodecanediol, and combinations thereof.
  • the polyol is present in an amount of from about 1 wt% to about 99 wt%. In some embodiments, the polyol is present in an amount of from about 1 wt% to about 85 wt%.
  • the polyol is present in an amount of at most about 2 wt%, at most about 3 wt%, at most about 4 wt%, at most about 5 wt%, at most about 6 wt%, at most about 7 wt%, at most about 8 wt%, at most about 9 wt%, at most about 10 wt%, at most about 11 wt%, at most about 12 wt%, at most about 13 wt%, at most about 14 wt%, at most about 15 wt%, at most about 16 wt%, at most about 17 wt%, at most about 18 wt%, at most about 19 wt%, at most about 20 wt%, at most about 21 wt%, at most about 22 wt%, at most about 23 wt%, at most about 24 wt%, at most about 25 wt%, at most about 26 wt%, at most about 27 wt%, at most
  • compositions according to the present disclosure may include any suitable aldehyde known in the art that facilitates the compositions described herein.
  • the aldehyde is selected from the group consisting of Ci aldehydes, C2 aldehydes, C3 aldehydes, C4 aldehydes, C5 aldehydes, Ce aldehydes, C7 aldehydes, Cs aldehydes, C9 aldehydes, C10 aldehydes, Cn aldehydes, C12 aldehydes, C13 aldehydes, C14 aldehydes, C15 aldehydes, Ci6 aldehydes, C17 aldehydes, Cis aldehydes, C19 aldehydes, C20 aldehydes, and combinations thereof.
  • the aldehyde is unsaturated and comprises at least one carbon-carbon double bond. In some embodiments, the aldehyde is unsaturated and comprises at least two carbon-carbon double bonds.
  • the aldehyde is a pheromone.
  • the aldehyde includes at least one aldehyde selected from the group consisting of Formaldehyde; 2,2-Dibromoacetaldehyde; Acetaldehyde; 2-Methyl-2- propenal; 2-Methylpropanal; 2-Propenal; 3,3-Dibromo-2-propenal; Propanal; 2-Butenal; 2- Methyl-2-butenal; 2-Methylbutanal; 2-Methylenebutanal; 3-Methyl-2-butenal; 3-Methyl-3- butenal; 3 -Methylbutanal; Butanal; (E)-2-Pentenal; 2-Methylenepentanal; 2-Pentenal; 3-Methyl- l-(vinyloxy) -butane; 4-Methylpentanal; 4-Pentenal; 5-Methylfurfural; Furan-2-carbaldehyde; Pentan
  • the aldehyde includes at least one aldehyde selected from the group consisting of hexanal; octanal; decanal; citral; geranial; neral; tetradecan- 1 -al; pentadecan- 1 -al; pentadecen-l-al; hexadecan- 1 -al; (Z)-9-hexadecen-l-al; (Z)-l l-hexadecen-l-al; (7E,9E)-undeca-7,9-dien-l-al; (HZ, 13Z)-hexadecadien-l-al; (9Z,12E)-tetradecadien-l-al; (8E,10E)-dodecadien-l-al; (HZ)-hexadecadien-l-al; (9Z)-tetradecen-l-al; 6,10-dimethyl-5
  • the aldehyde includes at least one aldehyde selected from (Z)-9-hexadecen-l-al, (Z)-l 1-hexadecen-l-al; (E,E)-7,9-undeca-7,9-dien-l-al; (Z, Z)-l l,13- hexadecadien-l-al; (Z,E)-9,12-tetradecadien-l-al; (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-l-al; (Z)-l l- hexadecadien-l-al; (Z)-9-tetradecen-l-al; 6,10-dimethyl-5,9-undecadien-2-ol; (6E)-7,11- dimethyl-3 -methylene- 1, 6, 10-dodecatriene; and combinations thereof.
  • aldehyde selected from (Z)-9-hexadecen-l-al, (Z)-l 1-
  • the aldehyde is present in an amount of from about 1 wt% to about 99 wt%. In some embodiments, the aldehyde is present in an amount of from about 15 wt% to about 99 wt%. In some embodiments, the aldehyde is present in an amount of from about 5 wt% to about 30 wt%. In some embodiments, the aldehyde is present in an amount of from about 10 wt% to about 25 wt%.
  • the aldehyde is present in an amount of at least about 1 wt%, at least about 2 wt%, at least about 3 wt%, at least about 4 wt%, at least about 5 wt%, at least about 6 wt%, at least about 7 wt%, at least about 8 wt%, at least about 9 wt%, at least about 10 wt%, at least about 11 wt%, at least about 12 wt%, at least about 13 wt%, at least about 14 wt%, at least about 15 wt%, at least about 16 wt%, at least about 17 wt%, at least about 18 wt%, at least about 19 wt%, at least about 20 wt%, at least about 21 wt%, at least about 22 wt%, at least about 23 wt%, at least about 24 wt%, at least about 25 wt%, at least about 26 wt%,
  • the aldehyde is present in an amount of at most about 2 wt%, at most about 3 wt%, at most about 4 wt%, at most about 5 wt%, at most about 6 wt%, at most about 7 wt%, at most about 8 wt%, at most about 9 wt%, at most about 10 wt%, at most about 11 wt%, at most about 12 wt%, at most about 13 wt%, at most about 14 wt%, at most about 15 wt%, at most about 16 wt%, at most about 17 wt%, at most about 18 wt%, at most about 19 wt%, at most about 20 wt%, at most about 21 wt%, at most about 22 wt%, at most about 23 wt%, at most about 24 wt%, at most about 25 wt%, at most about 26 wt%, at most about 27 wt%,
  • the aldehyde and the polyol are present in a molar ratio in a range of from about 500: 1 to about 1: 1. In some embodiments, the aldehyde and the polyol are present in a molar ratio of at least about 475:1, at least about 450:1, at least about 425:1, at least about 400: 1, at least about 375: 1, at least about 350: 1, at least about 325: 1, at least about 300: 1, at least about 275: 1, at least about 250: 1, at least about 225: 1, at least about 200: 1, at least about 175:1, at least about 150: 1, at least about 125: 1, at least about 100: 1, at least about 99: 1, at least about 98: 1, at least about 97: 1, at least about 96: 1, at least about 95: 1, at least about 94: 1, at least about 93: 1, at least about 92: 1, at least about 91 : 1, at least about 90: 1, at least about 89: 1, at least about 88
  • the aldehyde and the polyol are present in a molar ratio of at most about 500: 1 to about 1: 1. In some embodiments, the aldehyde and the polyol are present in a molar ratio of at most about 475: 1, at most about 450:1, at most about 425:1, at most about 400:1, at most about 375:l, at most about 350:l, at most about 325: l, at most about 300:1, at most about 275: 1, at most about 250:1, at most about 225:1, at most about 200: 1, at most about 175:1, at most about 150: 1, at most about 125:1, at most about 100: 1, at most about 99: 1, at most about
  • the polyol and the aldehyde are present in a molar ratio in a range of from about 500: 1 to about 1: 1. In some embodiments, the polyol and the aldehyde are present in a molar ratio of at least about 475:1, at least about 450:1, at least about 425:1, at least about 400: 1, at least about 375: 1, at least about 350: 1, at least about 325: 1, at least about 300: 1, at least about 275: 1, at least about 250: 1, at least about 225: 1, at least about 200: 1, at least about 175: 1, at least about 150: 1, at least about 125: 1, at least about 100: 1, at least about 99: 1, at least about 98: 1, at least about 97: 1, at least about 96: 1, at least about 95: 1, at least about 94: 1, at least about 93 : 1 , at least about 92: 1 , at least about 91 : 1 , at least about 90: 1 , at least about
  • the polyol and the aldehyde are present in a molar ratio of at most about 500: 1. In some embodiments, the polyol and the aldehyde are present in a molar ratio of at most about 475 : 1 , at most about 450: 1 , at most about 425 : 1 , at most about 400: 1 , at most about 375: 1, at most about 350:1, at most about 325:1, at most about 300: 1, at most about 275:1, at most about 250: 1 , at most about 225 : 1 , at most about 200: 1 , at most about 175 : 1 , at most about 150:1, at most about 125: 1, at most about 100: 1, at most about 99: 1, at most about 98: 1, at most about 97:1, at most about 96:1, at most about 95: 1, at most about 94: 1, at most about 93: 1, at most about 92: 1 , at most about 91 : 1 , at most most about
  • compositions according to the present disclosure may include any suitable non-aldehyde pheromone known in the art that facilitates the compositions described herein.
  • the non-aldehyde pheromone is selected from the group consisting of acetate pheromones, alcohol pheromones, ketone pheromones, epoxide pheromones, hydrocarbon pheromones, and combinations thereof.
  • compositions according to the present disclosure may include any suitable solvent known in the art that facilitates the compositions described herein.
  • the solvent is selected from the group consisting of aqueous solvents, organic solvents, and combinations thereof.
  • the solvent includes at least one solvent selected from the group consisting of ethyl acetate, ethanol, water, and combinations thereof.
  • compositions according to the present disclosure may include any suitable stabilizer known in the art that facilitates the compositions described herein.
  • the stabilizer is selected from the group consisting of antioxidants, radical scavengers, pH regulators, buffers, UV stabilizers, chelators, and combinations thereof.
  • the stabilizer includes at least one stabilizer selected from the group consisting of bumetrizole (CAS 3896-11-5); butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) (CAS 109-99-9), tert- butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) (CAS 1948-33-0), tocopherol (CAS 10191-41-0), dimethylethanolamine (CAS 287476-09-9), bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate (CAS 52829-07-9), drometrizole (CAS 2440-22-4), morpholine (CAS 110-91-8), sodium hydroxide 1 (CAS 1310-73-2), propyl gallate (CAS 121-79-9), butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) (CAS 121-00- 6), vitamin E (also known as tocopherol or alpha-tocopherol (CAS 59-02-9) and combinations thereof.
  • BHT butylated hydroxytoluene
  • TBHQ tert- butylhydroquino
  • compositions according to the present disclosure may include any suitable auxiliary known in the art that facilitates the compositions described herein.
  • the composition includes at least one auxiliary.
  • the composition includes at least two auxiliaries.
  • the composition includes at least three auxiliaries.
  • the composition includes at least four auxiliaries.
  • the auxiliary is selected from the group consisting of dispersing agents, surfactants, emulsifiers, wetting agents, biocides, antifoamers, antifreeze agents, rheology modifiers, salts, excipients, and combinations thereof.
  • compositions according to the present disclosure may include any suitable carrier known in the art that facilitates the compositions described herein.
  • the carrier facilitates slow release of the aldehyde from the composition.
  • the composition includes at least one carrier.
  • the carrier is selected from the group consisting of liquid carriers, solid carriers, substrates, and combinations thereof.
  • the carrier is selected from the group consisting of solvents, polymeric substrates, plastics, wax emulsions, oil emulsions, oil microemulsions, microcapsules, microspheres, zeolites, porous materials, calcium phosphate, and combinations thereof.
  • compositions according to the present disclosure may be in any suitable form of compositions known in the art that facilitates the compositions described herein.
  • Useful formulations include both liquid and solid compositions.
  • Liquid compositions include solutions (including emulsifiable concentrates), suspensions, emulsions (including microemulsions, oil in water emulsions, flowable concentrates and/or suspoemulsions) and the like, which optionally can be thickened into gels.
  • the general types of aqueous liquid compositions are soluble concentrate, suspension concentrate, capsule suspension, concentrated emulsion, microemulsion, oil in water emulsion, flowable concentrate and suspoemulsion.
  • the general types of nonaqueous liquid compositions are emulsifiable concentrate, microemulsifiable concentrate, dispersible concentrate and oil dispersion.
  • the general types of solid compositions are dusts, powders, granules, pellets, prills, pastilles, tablets, filled films (including seed coatings) and the like, which can be water-dispersible (“wettable”) or water-soluble. Films and coatings formed from film-forming solutions or flowable suspensions are particularly useful for seed treatment.
  • Active ingredient can be (micro) encapsulated and further formed into a suspension or solid formulation; alternatively, the entire formulation of active ingredient can be encapsulated (or “overcoated”). Encapsulation can control or delay release of the active ingredient.
  • An emulsifiable granule combines the advantages of both an emulsifiable concentrate formulation and a dry granular formulation. High-strength compositions are primarily used as intermediates for further formulation.
  • Sprayable formulations are typically extended in a suitable medium before spraying. Such liquid and solid formulations are formulated to be readily diluted in the spray medium, usually water, but occasionally another suitable medium like an aromatic or paraffinic hydrocarbon or vegetable oil. Spray volumes can range from about one to several thousand liters per hectare, but more typically are in the range from about ten to several hundred liters per hectare. Sprayable formulations can be tank mixed with water or another suitable medium for foliar treatment by aerial or ground application, or for application to the growing medium of the plant. Liquid and dry formulations can be metered directly into drip irrigation systems or metered into the furrow during planting. Liquid and solid formulations can be applied onto seeds of crops and other desirable vegetation as seed treatments before planting to protect developing roots and other subterranean plant parts and/or foliage through systemic uptake.
  • compositions according to the present disclosure may be aerially delivered.
  • the compositions according to the present disclosure may be delivered by an unmanned vehicle or an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV).
  • UAV unmanned aerial vehicle
  • the compositions according to the present disclosure may be delivered by a helicopter or fixed-wing airplane.
  • the composition is in a form selected from the group consisting of solutions, gels, and powders. In some embodiments, the composition is in a shaped form selected from the group consisting of tablets, briquettes, extrudates, granules, and combinations thereof.
  • the aldehyde and/or the polyol are encapsulated. In some embodiments, the aldehyde and/or the polyol are separately encapsulated. In some embodiments, the aldehyde and/or the polyol are co-encapsulated. In some embodiments, the aldehyde and/or the polyol are co-encapsulated with a non-aldehyde pheromone.
  • the aldehyde is encapsulated with a material selected from the group consisting of synthetic polymers, polyureas, polyurethanes, polyacrylates, polyamides, polyvinyl alcohols, polyvinylpyrrolidones, semi-synthetic materials, modified celluloses, modified starch derivatives, natural materials, gum Arabic, agar agar, dextrins, alginic acid, alginic acid salts, biodegradable natural polymers, collagen, polysaccharides, starch, dextrin, waxes, chitosan, alginate, cellulose, gelatin, derivatives thereof, and combinations thereof.
  • synthetic polymers polyureas, polyurethanes, polyacrylates, polyamides, polyvinyl alcohols, polyvinylpyrrolidones, semi-synthetic materials, modified celluloses, modified starch derivatives, natural materials, gum Arabic, agar agar, dextrins, alginic acid, al
  • the polyol is encapsulated with a material selected from the group consisting of synthetic polymers, polyureas, polyurethanes, polyacrylates, polyamides, polyvinyl alcohols, polyvinylpyrrolidones, semi-synthetic materials, modified celluloses, modified starch derivatives, natural materials, gum Arabic, agar agar, dextrins, alginic acid, alginic acid salts, biodegradable natural polymers, collagen, polysaccharides, starch, dextrin, waxes, chitosan, alginate, cellulose, gelatin, derivatives thereof, and combinations thereof.
  • synthetic polymers polyureas, polyurethanes, polyacrylates, polyamides, polyvinyl alcohols, polyvinylpyrrolidones, semi-synthetic materials, modified celluloses, modified starch derivatives, natural materials, gum Arabic, agar agar, dextrins, alginic acid, algin
  • the composition has an altered rate of evaporation of the aldehyde relative to the aldehyde alone.
  • the composition is storage stable. In some embodiments, the composition is storage stable under ambient conditions.
  • the composition is a solid at temperatures less than about 35 °C. In some embodiments, the composition is a solid at temperatures less than about 36 °C. In some embodiments, the composition is a solid at temperatures less than about 37 °C. In some embodiments, the composition is a solid at temperatures less than about 38 °C. In some embodiments, the composition is a solid at temperatures less than about 39 °C. In some embodiments, the composition is a solid at temperatures less than about 40 °C. In some embodiments, the composition is a solid at temperatures less than about 41 °C. In some embodiments, the composition is a solid at temperatures less than about 42 °C. In some embodiments, the composition is a solid at temperatures less than about 43 °C. In some embodiments, the composition is a solid at temperatures less than about 44 °C. In some embodiments, the composition is a solid at temperatures less than about 45 °C.
  • compositions according to the present disclosure may be used according to any suitable purpose known in the art that facilitates the compositions described herein.
  • methods according to the present disclosure alter a rate of evaporation of an aldehyde. In some embodiments, methods according to the present disclosure reduce a rate of evaporation of the aldehyde.
  • a method for altering a rate of evaporation of an aldehyde including contacting the aldehyde with a composition including a polyol including 2-20 carbon atoms; optionally a non-aldehyde pheromone; optionally a solvent; and optionally a stabilizer.
  • the method reduces a rate of evaporation of the aldehyde.
  • contacting the aldehyde with the composition comprises forming a mixture comprising the aldehyde and the composition.
  • the polyol is present in the mixture in an amount of from about 1 wt% to about 99 wt%. In some embodiments, the polyol is present in the mixture in an amount of from about 1 wt% to about 85 wt%.
  • the polyol is present in the mixture in an amount of at least about 1 wt%, at least about 2 wt%, at least about 3 wt%, at least about 4 wt%, at least about 5 wt%, at least about 6 wt%, at least about 7 wt%, at least about 8 wt%, at least about 9 wt%, at least about 10 wt%, at least about 11 wt%, at least about 12 wt%, at least about 13 wt%, at least about 14 wt%, at least about 15 wt%, at least about 16 wt%, at least about 17 wt%, at least about 18 wt%, at least about 19 wt%, at least about 20 wt%, at least about 21 wt%, at least about 22 wt%, at least about 23 wt%, at least about 24 wt%, at least about 25 wt%, at least about 26 wt%
  • the polyol is present in the mixture in an amount of at most about 2 wt%, at most about 3 wt%, at most about 4 wt%, at most about 5 wt%, at most about 6 wt%, at most about 7 wt%, at most about 8 wt%, at most about 9 wt%, at most about 10 wt%, at most about 11 wt%, at most about 12 wt%, at most about 13 wt%, at most about 14 wt%, at most about 15 wt%, at most about 16 wt%, at most about 17 wt%, at most about 18 wt%, at most about 19 wt%, at most about 20 wt%, at most about 21 wt%, at most about 22 wt%, at most about 23 wt%, at most about 24 wt%, at most about 25 wt%, at most about 26 wt%, at most about 27 wt%
  • the aldehyde is present in the mixture in an amount of from about 1 wt% to about 99 wt%. In some embodiments, the aldehyde is present in the mixture in an amount of from about 15 wt% to about 99 wt%. In some embodiments, the aldehyde is present in an amount of from about 5 wt% to about 30 wt%. In some embodiments, the aldehyde is present in an amount of from about 10 wt% to about 25 wt%.
  • the aldehyde is present in the mixture in an amount of at least about 1 wt%, at least about 2 wt%, at least about 3 wt%, at least about 4 wt%, at least about 5 wt%, at least about 6 wt%, at least about 7 wt%, at least about 8 wt%, at least about 9 wt%, at least about 10 wt%, at least about 11 wt%, at least about 12 wt%, at least about 13 wt%, at least about 14 wt%, at least about 15 wt%, at least about 16 wt%, at least about 17 wt%, at least about 18 wt%, at least about 19 wt%, at least about 20 wt%, at least about 21 wt%, at least about 22 wt%, at least about 23 wt%, at least about 24 wt%, at least about 25 wt%, at least about 26 w
  • the aldehyde is present in the mixture in an amount of at most about 2 wt%, at most about 3 wt%, at most about 4 wt%, at most about 5 wt%, at most about 6 wt%, at most about 7 wt%, at most about 8 wt%, at most about 9 wt%, at most about 10 wt%, at most about 11 wt%, at most about 12 wt%, at most about 13 wt%, at most about 14 wt%, at most about 15 wt%, at most about 16 wt%, at most about 17 wt%, at most about 18 wt%, at most about 19 wt%, at most about 20 wt%, at most about 21 wt%, at most about 22 wt%, at most about 23 wt%, at most about 24 wt%, at most about 25 wt%, at most about 26 wt%, at most about 27 w
  • the aldehyde and the polyol are present in the mixture in a molar ratio in a range of from about 100: 1 to about 1: 1. In some embodiments, the aldehyde and the polyol are present in the mixture in a molar ratio of at least about 99: 1, at least about 98: 1, at least about 97:1, at least about 96: 1, at least about 95: 1, at least about 94: 1, at least about 93: 1, at least about 92: 1 , at least about 91 : 1 , at least about 90: 1 , at least about 89: 1 , at least about 88: 1 , at least about 87:1, at least about 86: 1, at least about 85: 1, at least about 84: 1, at least about 83: 1, at least about 82:1, at least about 81: 1, at least about 80: 1, at least about 79: 1, at least about 78: 1, at least about 77:1, at least about 76: 1, at least about 75:
  • the aldehyde and the polyol are present in the mixture in a molar ratio of at most about 100:1, at most about 99:1, at most about 98:1, at most about 97:1, at most about 96:1, at most about 95:1, at most about 94:1, at most about 93:1, at most about 92:1, at most about 91:1, at most about 90:1, at most about 89:1, at most about 88:1, at most about 87:1, at most about 86:1, at most about 85:1, at most about 84:1, at most about 83:1, at most about 82:1, at most about 81:1, at most about 80:1, at most about 79:1, at most about 78:1, at most about 77:1, at most about 76:1, at most about 75:1, at most about 74:1, at most about 73:1, at most about 72:1, at most about 71:1, at most about 70:1, at most about 69:1, at most about 68:1,
  • the polyol and the aldehyde are present in a molar ratio in a range of from about 500: 1 to about 1:1. In some embodiments, the polyol and the aldehyde are present in a molar ratio of at least about 475:1, at least about 450:1, at least about 425:1, at least about 400: 1, at least about 375: 1, at least about 350: 1, at least about 325: 1, at least about 300: 1, at least about 275:1, at least about 250:1, at least about 225:1, at least about 200:1, at least about 175:1, at least about 150:1, at least about 125:1, at least about 100:1, at least about 99:1, at least about 98: 1, at least about 97: 1, at least about 96: 1, at least about 95: 1, at least about 94: 1, at least about 93: 1, at least about 92: 1, at least about 91 : 1, at least about 90: 1, at least about 89: 1, at least about 88:
  • the polyol and the aldehyde are present in a molar ratio of at most about 500: 1. In some embodiments, the polyol and the aldehyde are present in a molar ratio of at most about 475 : 1 , at most about 450: 1 , at most about 425 : 1 , at most about 400: 1 , at most about 375: 1, at most about 350:1, at most about 325:1, at most about 300: 1, at most about 275:1, at most about 250: 1 , at most about 225 : 1 , at most about 200: 1 , at most about 175 : 1 , at most about 150:1, at most about 125: 1, at most about 100: 1, at most about 99: 1, at most about 98: 1, at most about 97:1, at most about 96:1, at most about 95: 1, at most about 94: 1, at most about 93: 1, at most about 92: 1 , at most about 91 : 1 , at most most about
  • the method further includes shaping the mixture with a technique selected from the group consisting of tableting, briquetting, extruding, granulation casting, and combinations thereof.
  • the method further includes coating the mixture with a polymer.
  • a method for controlling a pest comprising contacting the pest or its environment with a biologically effective amount of a composition including an aldehyde; a polyol comprising 2-20 carbon atoms; optionally a nonaldehyde pheromone; optionally a solvent; and optionally a stabilizer.
  • the aldehyde and polyol are present in the form of an aldehyde-polyol adduct. In some embodiments, the aldehyde and polyol are present in the form of an aldehyde-diol adduct. In some embodiments, the aldehyde-polyol adduct may be used as a carrier for fatty molecules.
  • compositions of this disclosure are useful for controlling a wide spectrum of invertebrate pests.
  • These pests include invertebrates inhabiting a variety of environments such as, for example, plant foliage, roots, soil, harvested crops or other foodstuffs, building structures or animal integuments.
  • These pests include, for example, invertebrates feeding on foliage (including leaves, stems, flowers and fruits), seeds, wood, textile fibers or animal blood or tissues, and thereby causing injury or damage to, for example, growing or stored agronomic crops, forests, greenhouse crops, ornamentals, nursery crops, stored foodstuffs or fiber products, or houses or other structures or their contents, or being harmful to animal health or public health.
  • foliage including leaves, stems, flowers and fruits
  • seeds wood, textile fibers or animal blood or tissues
  • compositions are thus useful agronomically for protecting field crops from phytophagous invertebrate pests, and also nonagronomically for protecting other horticultural crops and plants from phytophagous invertebrate pests.
  • This utility includes protecting crops and other plants (i.e. both agronomic and nonagronomic) that contain genetic material introduced by genetic engineering (i.e. transgenic) or modified by mutagenesis to provide advantageous traits.
  • traits include tolerance to herbicides, resistance to phytophagous pests (e.g., insects, mites, aphids, spiders, nematodes, snails, plant-pathogenic fungi, bacteria and viruses), improved plant growth, increased tolerance of adverse growing conditions such as high or low temperatures, low or high soil moisture, and high salinity, increased flowering or fruiting, greater harvest yields, more rapid maturation, higher quality and/or nutritional value of the harvested product, or improved storage or process properties of the harvested products.
  • Transgenic plants can be modified to express multiple traits.
  • plants containing traits provided by genetic engineering or mutagenesis include varieties of corn, cotton, soybean and potato expressing an insecticidal Bacillus thuringiensis toxin such as YIELD GARD®, KNOCKOUT®, STARLINK®, BOLLGARD®, NuCOTN® and NEWLEAF®, INVICTA RR2 PROTM, and herbicide-tolerant varieties of corn, cotton, soybean and rapeseed such as ROUNDUP READY®, LIBERTY LINK®, IMI®, STS® and CLEARFIELD®, as well as crops expressing N- acetyltransferase (GAT) to provide resistance to glyphosate herbicide, or crops containing the HRA gene providing resistance to herbicides inhibiting acetolactate synthase (ALS).
  • an insecticidal Bacillus thuringiensis toxin such as YIELD GARD®, KNOCKOUT®, STARLINK®, BOLLGARD®, NuCOTN® and NEWLEAF®
  • the present compositions may exhibit enhanced effects with traits introduced by genetic engineering or modified by mutagenesis, thus enhancing phenotypic expression or effectiveness of the traits or increasing the invertebrate pest control effectiveness of the present compounds and compositions.
  • the present compositions may exhibit enhanced effects with the phenotypic expression of proteins or other natural products toxic to invertebrate pests to provide greater-than- additive control of these pests.
  • compositions of this disclosure can also optionally comprise plant nutrients, e.g., a fertilizer composition comprising at least one plant nutrient selected from nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur, calcium, magnesium, iron, copper, boron, manganese, zinc, and molybdenum.
  • a fertilizer composition comprising at least one plant nutrient selected from nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur, calcium, magnesium, iron, copper, boron, manganese, zinc, and molybdenum.
  • compositions comprising at least one fertilizer composition comprising at least one plant nutrient selected from nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur, calcium and magnesium.
  • Compositions of the present disclosure which further comprise at least one plant nutrient can be in the form of liquids or solids.
  • Solid formulations comprising a fertilizer composition can be prepared by mixing the composition of the present disclosure with the fertilizer composition together with formulating ingredients and then preparing the formulation by methods such as granulation or extrusion.
  • solid formulations can be prepared by spraying a solution or suspension of a composition of the present disclosure in a volatile solvent onto a previous prepared fertilizer composition in the form of dimensionally stable mixtures, e.g., granules, small sticks or tablets, and then evaporating the solvent.
  • Nonagronomic uses refer to invertebrate pest control in the areas other than fields of crop plants.
  • Nonagronomic uses of the present compositions include control of invertebrate pests in stored grains, beans and other foodstuffs, and in textiles such as clothing and carpets.
  • Nonagronomic uses of the present compositions also include invertebrate pest control in ornamental plants, forests, in yards, along roadsides and railroad rights of way, and on turf such as lawns, golf courses and pastures.
  • Nonagronomic uses of the present compositions also include invertebrate pest control in houses and other buildings which may be occupied by humans and/or companion, farm, ranch, zoo or other animals.
  • Nonagronomic uses of the present compositions also include the control of pests such as termites that can damage wood or other structural materials used in buildings.
  • Nonagronomic uses of the present compositions also include protecting human and animal health by controlling invertebrate pests that are parasitic or transmit infectious diseases.
  • the controlling of animal parasites includes controlling external parasites that are parasitic to the surface of the body of the host animal (e.g., shoulders, armpits, abdomen, inner part of the thighs) and internal parasites that are parasitic to the inside of the body of the host animal (e.g., stomach, intestine, lung, veins, under the skin, lymphatic tissue).
  • External parasitic or disease transmitting pests include, for example, chiggers, ticks, lice, mosquitoes, flies, mites and fleas.
  • Internal parasites include heartworms, hookworms and helminths.
  • compositions of the present disclosure are suitable for systemic and/or non-systemic control of infestation or infection by parasites on animals.
  • Compositions of the present disclosure are suitable for combating external parasitic or disease transmitting pests.
  • Compositions of the present disclosure are suitable for combating parasites that infest agricultural working animals, such as cattle, sheep, goats, horses, pigs, donkeys, camels, buffalos, rabbits, hens, turkeys, ducks, geese and bees; pet animals and domestic animals such as dogs, cats, pet birds and aquarium fish; as well as so-called experimental animals, such as hamsters, guinea pigs, rats and mice.
  • Examples of agronomic or nonagronomic invertebrate pests include eggs, larvae and adults of the order Lepidoptera, such as army worms, cutworms, loopers, and heliothines in the family Noctuidae (e.g., pink stem borer (Sesamia inferens Walker), corn stalk borer (Sesamia nonagrioides Lefebvre), southern armyworm (Spodoptera eridania Cramer), fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda J. E.
  • Noctuidae e.g., pink stem borer (Sesamia inferens Walker), corn stalk borer (Sesamia nonagrioides Lefebvre), southern armyworm (Spodoptera eridania Cramer), fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda J. E.
  • agronomic and nonagronomic pests include: eggs, adults and larvae of the order Dermaptera including earwigs from the family Forficulidae (e.g., European earwig (Forficula auricularia Linnaeus), black earwig (Chelisoches morio Fabricius)); eggs, immatures, adults and nymphs of the order Hemiptera such as, plant bugs from the family Miridae, cicadas from the family Cicadidae, leafhoppers (e.g.
  • Agronomic and nonagronomic pests also include : eggs, larvae, nymphs and adults of the order Acari (mites) such as spider mites and red mites in the family Tetranychidae (e.g., European red mite (Panonychus ulmi Koch), twospotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch), McDaniel spider mite (Tetranychus mcdanieli McGregor)); flat mites in the family Tenuipalpidae (e.g., citrus flat mite (Brevipalpus lewisi McGregor)); rust and bud mites in the family Eriophyidae and other foliar feeding mites and mites important in human and animal health, i.e.
  • Tetranychidae e.g., European red mite (Panonychus ulmi Koch), twospotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch), McD
  • ticks in the family Ixodidae commonly known as hard ticks (e.g., deer tick (Ixodes scapularis Say), Australian paralysis tick (Ixodes holocyclus Neumann), American dog tick (Dermacentor variabilis Say), lone star tick (Amblyomma americanum Linnaeus)) and ticks in the family Argasidae, commonly known as soft ticks (e.g., relapsing fever tick (Omithodoros turicata Duges), common fowl tick (Argas radiatus Raillet)); scab and itch mites in the families Psoroptidae, Pyemotidae, and Sarcoptidae; eggs, adults and immatures of the order Orthoptera including grasshoppers, loc
  • serpentine vegetable leafminer Liriomyza sativae Blanchard
  • midges fruit flies
  • frit flies e.g., Oscinella frit Linnaeus
  • soil maggots e.g., house flies (e.g., Musca domestica Linnaeus), lesser house flies (e.g., Fannia canicularis Linnaeus, F.
  • insect pests of the order Thysanura such as silverfish (Lepisma saccharina Linnaeus) and firebrat (Thermobia domestica Packard); insect pests of the orders Mallophaga and Phthiraptera, and including the head louse (Pediculus humanus capitis De Geer), body louse (Pediculus humanus Linnaeus), chicken body louse (Menacanthus stramineus Nitzsch), dog biting louse (Trichodectes canis De Geer), fluff louse (Goniocotes gallinae De Geer), sheep body louse (Bovicola ovis Schrank), short-nosed cattle louse (Haematopinus eurystemus Nitzsch), long-nosed cattle louse (Linognathus vituli Linnaeus) and other sucking and chewing parasitic lice that attack man and animals; insect pests of the order Siphonoptera including
  • Additional arthropod pests covered include: spiders in the order Araneae such as the brown recluse spider (Loxosceles reclusa Gertsch & Mulaik) and the black widow spider (Latrodectus mactans Fabricius), and centipedes in the order Scutigeromorpha such as the house centipede (Scutigera coleoptrata Linnaeus).
  • spiders in the order Araneae such as the brown recluse spider (Loxosceles reclusa Gertsch & Mulaik) and the black widow spider (Latrodectus mactans Fabricius)
  • centipedes in the order Scutigeromorpha such as the house centipede (Scutigera coleoptrata Linnaeus).
  • invertebrate pests of stored grain include larger grain borer (Prostephanus truncatus Horn), lesser grain borer (Rhyzopertha dominica Fabricius), rice weevil (Sitophilus oryzae Linnaeus), maize weevil (Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky), cowpea weevil (Callosobruchus maculatus Fabricius), red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum Herbst), granary weevil (Sitophilus granarius Linnaeus), Indian meal moth (Plodia interpunctella Hiibner), Mediterranean flour beetle (Ephestia kuehniella Zeller) and flat or rusty grain beetle (Cryptolestes ferrugineus Stephens).
  • compositions of the present disclosure may be useful to control members of the Classes Nematoda, Cestoda, Trematoda, and Acanthocephala including economically important members of the orders Strongylida, Ascaridida, Oxyurida, Rhabditida, Spirurida, and Enoplida such as but not limited to economically important agricultural pests (i.e. root knot nematodes in the genus Meloidogyne, lesion nematodes in the genus Pratylenchus , stubby root nematodes in the genus Trichodorus, etc.) and animal and human health pests (i.e.
  • compositions of the disclosure may be useful to control pests in the order Lepidoptera (e.g., Alabama argillacea Hiibner (cotton leaf worm), Archips argyrospila Walker (fruit tree leaf roller), A.
  • Lepidoptera e.g., Alabama argillacea Hiibner (cotton leaf worm), Archips argyrospila Walker (fruit tree leaf roller), A.
  • compositions of the disclosure may be useful to control members from the order Hemiptera including: Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris (pea aphid), Aphis craccivora Koch (cowpea aphid), Aphis fabae Scopoli (black bean aphid), Aphis gossypii Glover (cotton aphid, melon aphid), Aphis pomi De Geer (apple aphid), Aphis spiraecola Patch (spirea aphid), Aulacorthum solani Kaltenbach (foxglove aphid), Chaetosiphon fragaefolii Cockerell (strawberry aphid), Diuraphis noxia Kurdjumov/Mordvilko (Russian wheat aphid), Dysaphis plantaginea Passerini (rosy apple aphid), Eriosoma lanigerum Hausmann (woolly apple aphid),
  • compositions of this disclosure may be useful to control members from the order Hemiptera including: Acrostemum hilare Say (green stink bug), Anasa tristis De Geer (squash bug), Blissus leucopterus leucopterus Say (chinch bug), Cimex lectularius Linnaeus (bed bug) Corythucha gossypii Fabricius (cotton lace bug), Cyrtopeltis modesta Distant (tomato bug), Dysdercus suturellus Herrich- Schaffer (cotton stainer), Euschistus servus Say (brown stink bug), Euschistus variolarius Palisot de Beauvois (one-spotted stink bug), Graptostethus spp.
  • Thysanoptera e.g., Frankliniella occidentalis Pergande (western flower thrips), Scirtothrips citri Moulton (citrus thrips), Scirtothrips variabilis Beach (soybean thrips), and Thrips tabaci Lindeman (onion thrips); and the order Coleoptera (e.g. , Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say (Colorado potato beetle), Epilachna varivestis Mulsant (Mexican bean beetle) and wireworms of the genera Agriotes, Athous or Limonius).
  • Thysanoptera e.g., Frankliniella occidentalis Pergande (western flower thrips), Scirtothrips citri Moulton (citrus thrips), Scirtothrips variabilis Beach (soybean thrips), and Thrips tabaci Lindeman (onion thrips);
  • the pest is selected from the group consisting of invertebrate pests, insects, arthropods, and combinations thereof.
  • the environment is selected from the group consisting of agricultural fields, orchards, forests, and combinations thereof.
  • composition embodiments of this disclosure may be combined with the method embodiments of this disclosure in any manner. Similarly, the method embodiments of this disclosure may be combined in any manner. The following embodiments are, therefore, to be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting of the disclosure in any way whatsoever.
  • a composition comprising: an aldehyde; a polyol comprising 2-20 carbon atoms; optionally a non-aldehyde pheromone; optionally a solvent; and optionally a stabilizer.
  • composition of the preceding clause, wherein the polyol is selected from the group consisting of terminal diols, linear diols, linear terminal diols, non-aqueous diols, glycols, diglycols, diethylene glycol, triglycols, triethylene glycol, linear polyols, C2 polyols, C3 polyols, C4 polyols, C5 polyols, Ce polyols, C7 polyols, Cs polyols, C9 polyols, C10 polyols, C11 polyols, C12 polyols, C13 polyols, C14 polyols, C15 polyols, Ci6 polyols, C17 polyols, Cis polyols, C19 polyols, C20 polyols, and combinations thereof.
  • the polyol is selected from the group consisting of terminal diols, linear diols, linear terminal diols, non-a
  • composition of any of the preceding clauses, wherein the polyol is a diol.
  • composition of any of the preceding clauses, wherein the diol is a terminal diol.
  • formula (I) wherein: a is an integer from 0 to 2; b is an integer from 1 to 12; c is an integer from 0 to 12; each Ri, R2, R3, R4, R5, and Re are independently selected from the group consisting of H and C1-3 alkyl; and the sum of a, b and c is at least 2.
  • composition of the preceding clause wherein: a and c are each 0; b is from 2 to 12; and each R3 and R4 are H. [0116] 9. The composition of any of the preceding clauses, wherein the polyol is selected from the group consisting of erythritol, 1,5 -pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,7-heptanediol, 1,8- octanediol, 1,9-nonanediol, 1,10-decanediol, 1,12-dodecanediol, and combinations thereof.
  • aldehyde is selected from the group consisting of Ci aldehydes, C2 aldehydes, C3 aldehydes, C4 aldehydes, C5 aldehydes, Ce aldehydes, C7 aldehydes, Cs aldehydes, C9 aldehydes, C10 aldehydes, Cn aldehydes, C12 aldehydes, C13 aldehydes, C14 aldehydes, C15 aldehydes, Ci6 aldehydes, C17 aldehydes, Cis aldehydes, C19 aldehydes, C20 aldehydes, and combinations thereof.
  • aldehyde is selected from the group consisting of Formaldehyde; 2,2-Dibromoacetaldehyde; Acetaldehyde; 2- Methyl-2-propenal; 2-Methylpropanal; 2-Propenal; 3,3-Dibromo-2-propenal; Propanal; 2- Butenal; 2-Methyl-2-butenal; 2-Methylbutanal; 2-Methylenebutanal; 3-Methyl-2-butenal; 3- Methyl-3-butenal; 3 -Methylbutanal; Butanal; (E)-2-Pentenal; 2-Methylenepentanal; 2-Pentenal; 3 -Methyl- 1 -(vinyloxy)-butane; 4-Methylpentanal; 4-Pentenal; 5-Methylfurfural; Furan-2- carbaldehyde; Pen
  • aldehyde is selected from the group consisting of hexanal; octanal; decanal; citral; geranial; neral; tetradecan- 1-al; pentadecan- 1 -al; pentadecen-l-al; hexadecan- 1 -al; (Z)-9-hexadecen-l-al; (Z)-l l-hexadecen- 1-al; (7E,9E)-undeca-7,9-dien-l-al; (HZ, 13Z)-hexadecadien-l-al; (9Z,12E)-tetradecadien-l-al; (8E,10E)-dodecadien-l-al; (HZ)-hexadecadien-l-al; (9Z)-tetradecen-l-al; 6,10-dimethyl-5,9
  • the solvent is selected from the group consisting of aqueous solvents, organic solvents, and combinations thereof.
  • composition of any of the preceding clauses, wherein the stabilizer is selected from the group consisting of bumetrizole (CAS 3896-11-5); butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) (CAS 109-99-9), tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) (CAS 1948-33-0), tocopherol (CAS 10191-41-0), dimethylethanolamine (CAS 287476-09-9), bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate (CAS 52829-07-9), drometrizole (CAS 2440-22-4), morpholine (CAS 110-91-8), sodium hydroxide (CAS 1310-73-2), propyl gallate (CAS 121-79-9), butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) (CAS 121-00-6), and combinations thereof.
  • BHT butylated hydroxytoluene
  • TBHQ tert-butylhydroquinone
  • tocopherol CAS 10191-41-0
  • dimethylethanolamine
  • composition of any of the preceding clauses further comprising an auxiliary selected from the group consisting of dispersing agents, surfactants, emulsifiers, wetting agents, biocides, antifoamers, antifreeze agents, rheology modifiers, salts, excipients, and combinations thereof.
  • an auxiliary selected from the group consisting of dispersing agents, surfactants, emulsifiers, wetting agents, biocides, antifoamers, antifreeze agents, rheology modifiers, salts, excipients, and combinations thereof.
  • composition of any of the preceding clauses wherein the composition further comprises four or more auxiliaries.
  • composition of any of the preceding clauses further comprising a carrier.
  • composition of the preceding clause, wherein the carrier is selected from the group consisting of liquid carriers, solid carriers, substrates, and combinations thereof.
  • composition of the preceding clause, wherein the carrier is selected from the group consisting of solvents, polymeric substrates, plastics, wax emulsions, oil emulsions, oil microemulsions, microcapsules, microspheres, zeolites, porous materials, calcium phosphate, and combinations thereof.
  • composition of the preceding clause wherein the composition is in a shaped form and is coated with a polymer.
  • composition of the preceding clause wherein the composition is shapeable with a technique selected from the group consisting of tableting, briquetting, extruding, granulation casting, and combinations thereof.
  • synthetic polymers polyureas, polyurethanes, polyacrylates, polyamides, polyvinyl alcohols, polyvinylpyrrolidones, semi-synthetic materials, modified celluloses, modified starch derivatives, natural
  • a method for altering a rate of evaporation of an aldehyde comprising: contacting the aldehyde with a composition comprising: a polyol comprising 2-20 carbon atoms; optionally a non-aldehyde pheromone; optionally a solvent; and optionally a stabilizer.
  • a method for controlling a pest comprising contacting the pest or its environment with a biologically effective amount of a composition comprising: an aldehyde; a polyol comprising 2-20 carbon atoms; optionally a non-aldehyde pheromone; optionally a solvent; and optionally a stabilizer.
  • a known amount of an aldehyde mixture including Z11-16 aldehyde and polyol was mixed to give a solid.
  • the amount of Zl l-16 aldehyde was then determined by gas chromatography (GC) after dissolution in a solvent or solvent mixture. The aldehyde could be fully recovered from the polyol mixture.
  • GC gas chromatography
  • Example 4 Aldehyde evaporation.
  • Example 7 Volatility control of emulsion-in-water (EW) formulations.
  • CAPA 4101 is a 1000 g/mol poly caprolactone polyol tetrol initiated with pentaerythritol (PENTA).
  • CAPA 2402 is a polyester polyol based on a 4000 g/mol polycaprolactone diol initiated with 1 ,4-butanediol (BDO).
  • CAPA 3051 is a tri-functional polycaprolactone polyol with a molecular weight of 540 g/mol.
  • Capsule suspension (CS) formulations according to the formulations of Table 8 are prepared by interfacial polymerization. The process includes dispersing one phase containing a reactivemonomer, pheromone technical and solvent(s), in a second immiscible phase containing water and dispersant(s). The size of the droplets obtained was regulated by the speed of the stirrer. The slurry was then allowed to mix at a lower speed for several hours at 50-60°C to achieve complete reaction for the monomers. The finishing operations were then carried out. The finishing operations include adjusting the acidity of the medium and adding post formulants (e.g., biocides, rheology modifiers, antifreeze compounds, etc.) to yield a final formulation.
  • post formulants e.g., biocides, rheology modifiers, antifreeze compounds, etc.
  • the formulations were stored for 2 weeks in closed glass containers at 54°C, after which the formulations were analyzed for % content of aldehyde and acetate pheromones. As shown in Table 8, it was observed that encapsulation improves volatility control by reducing volatility of the pheromones.
  • the examples including polyol exhibited at least about a 25% improvement in volatility control relative to the control without polyol. It was also observed that incorporation of polyol enhanced chemical stability of aldehydes in an accelerated storage stability study.
  • Volatility control for the pheromone in a CS formulation was measured as follows. Aqueous spray solutions of formulated material were applied as droplets on glass. After desired time periods passed in a solar simulating light (0 - 99 hours), the glass was extracted in a solvent. The extract was analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) to determine the amount of pheromone remaining on the glass. T24hr represents 24 hours in a solar simulating light chamber with continuous light on. Each 24 hours of solar simulating light is equivalent to 2.5 days of sunlight.
  • GC gas chromatography
  • Capsule suspension formulations were prepared as in Example 8, and according to Table 9, using different polyols. After preparation the formulations were dispersed at sand-filled plates and stored at 35°C at an air-flow for up to 48 hours. The plates were analyzed for aldehyde and acetate content at 6, 24, and 48 hours, the results of which are shown in Figure 1.
  • Example 10 Aldehyde volatility.
  • Aldehyde volatility was measured with solid phase microextraction (SPME).
  • SPME solid phase microextraction
  • the following compositions were included: (1) a blend of aldehydes with main active component (Z)- 11-hexadecenal, hereafter referred to as Z11-16: Aid, (2) Zl l-16:Ald/l,4-butanediol (mol ratio 2: 1), (3) Z1 l-16:Ald/l,6-hexanediol (mol ratio 2: 1), (4) Z11-16: Ald/l,8-octanediol (mol ratio 2: 1), and (5) Z1 l-16:Ald/l,10-decanediol (mol ratio 2: 1).
  • compositions were melted at 70 °C for 15 minutes and vortexed. Approximately 50 mg were immediately transferred to a 4 ml vial. Vials were closed tightly with a screw cap containing a septum. Solid-phase micro- extraction technique in static air was used for quantitative headspace sampling. Compositions were allowed to equilibrate before analysis for 24 h at room temperature. The SPME needle was inserted into the vial by piercing the septum of the vial. The fiber coated with a solid sorbent (polydimethylsiloxane; 100 pm) was released into the headspace for 45 minutes at room temperature for volatile absorption. The SPME needle was directly inserted for 5 minutes into the GC for thermal desorption and analysis.
  • a solid sorbent polydimethylsiloxane

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Abstract

Described herein are compositions including aldehydes. The compositions have improved release rate and degradation properties of the aldehydes. Also described herein are methods of altering a rate of evaporation of an aldehyde with the compositions. Also described herein are methods for controlling pests with the compositions.

Description

COMPOSITIONS INCLUDING ALDEHYDES WITH IMPROVED RELEASE RATE AND
DEGRADATION PROPERTIES
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63/452321, filed March 15, 2023, and Danish Patent Application No. PA 2023 30121, filed July 11, 2023, the content of which is hereby incorporated by reference herein.
FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE
[0002] Described herein are compositions including aldehydes. The compositions have improved release rate and degradation properties of the aldehydes compared to the aldehydes alone. Also described herein are methods of altering a rate of evaporation of an aldehyde with the compositions. Also described herein are methods for controlling pests with the compositions.
BACKGROUND OF THE DISCLOSURE
[0003] Aldehyde compositions are difficult to formulate for numerous reasons, including reactions with other ingredients in formulation matrices, degradation of the aldehyde over time, and unfavorable release rates from formulations. This is particularly true where the aldehydes are active ingredients and must be delivered at certain release rates over time. Therefore, there is a need in the art for compositions including aldehydes that have improved release rate and degradation properties.
[0004] The present disclosure provides a means of altering the physical state of aldehydes and thereby modifying their release rates and degradation. The present disclosure enables aqueous suspensions of aldehydes, such as pheromones, that may be used in sprayable agricultural formulations. Such sprayable formulations are essential for row crop applications. The present disclosure also enables solidification, which allows for shaping into shapes suitable for other delivery mechanisms such as granular spreaders, drones, and traps.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DISCLOSURE [0005] In one embodiment, the present disclosure is directed to a composition comprising: an aldehyde; a polyol comprising 2-20 carbon atoms; optionally a non-aldehyde pheromone; optionally a solvent; and optionally a stabilizer.
[0006] In another embodiment, the present disclosure is directed to a method for altering a rate of evaporation of an aldehyde, the method comprising: contacting the aldehyde with a composition comprising: a polyol comprising 2-20 carbon atoms; optionally a non-aldehyde pheromone; optionally a solvent; and optionally a stabilizer.
[0007] In yet another embodiment, the present disclosure is directed to a method for controlling a pest comprising contacting the pest or its environment with a biologically effective amount of a composition comprising: an aldehyde; a polyol comprising 2-20 carbon atoms; optionally a non-aldehyde pheromone; optionally a solvent; and optionally a stabilizer.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0008] These and other features, aspects, and advantages of the present disclosure will become better understood when the following detailed description is read with reference to the accompanying drawing, wherein:
[0009] FIG. 1 depicts aldehyde retention for a composition in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0010] Unless otherwise indicated, the drawing provided herein is meant to illustrate features of embodiments of the disclosure. These features are believed to be applicable in a wide variety of systems, including one or more embodiments of the disclosure. As such, the drawing is not meant to include all conventional features known by those of ordinary skill in the art to be required for the practice of the embodiments disclosed herein.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DISCLOSURE
[0011] This written description uses examples to illustrate the present disclosure, including the best mode, and also to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the disclosure, including making and using any compositions or systems and performing any incorporated methods. The patentable scope of the disclosure is defined by the claims, and may include other examples that occur to those skilled in the art. Such other examples are intended to be within the scope of the claims if they have elements that do not differ from the literal language of the claims, or if they include equivalent elements with insubstantial differences from the literal language of the claims.
[0012] As used herein, the terms “comprises,” “comprising,” “includes,” “including,” “has,” “having,” “contains”, “containing,” “characterized by” or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, subject to any limitation explicitly indicated. For example, a composition, mixture, process or method that comprises a list of elements is not necessarily limited to only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such composition, mixture, process or method.
[0013] The transitional phrase “consisting of’ excludes any element, step, or ingredient not specified. If in the claim, such would close the claim to the inclusion of materials other than those recited except for impurities ordinarily associated therewith. When the phrase “consisting of’ appears in a clause of the body of a claim, rather than immediately following the preamble, it limits only the element set forth in that clause; other elements are not excluded from the claim as a whole.
[0014] The transitional phrase “consisting essentially of’ is used to define a composition or method that includes materials, steps, features, components, or elements, in addition to those literally disclosed, provided that these additional materials, steps, features, components, or elements do not materially affect the basic and novel characteristic(s) of the claimed invention. The term “consisting essentially of’ occupies a middle ground between “comprising” and “consisting of’. The use of “consisting essentially of’ herein allows the applicant, as lexicographer, to define the invention being claimed by excluding any material, step, feature . . . that is considered by the applicant to be non-critical to the claimed invention, but which may be known in the prior art and otherwise can be included in the invention being claimed, whether or not such inclusion or exclusion is specifically described in the specification. Exclusion of any material, step, feature, etc., by the applicant may be for the sole purpose of excluding elements of the prior art that affect the novelty and, therefore, the patentability of the invention being claimed. As such, the use of “consisting essentially of’ herein does not require explicit support from the specification to exclude any element of the prior art from the invention being claimed if inclusion of said element is detrimental to patentability of the invention claimed.
[0015] Where an invention or a portion thereof is defined with an open-ended term such as “comprising,” it should be readily understood that (unless otherwise stated) the description should be interpreted to also describe such an invention using the terms “consisting essentially of’ or “consisting of.”
[0016] Further, unless expressly stated to the contrary, “or” refers to an inclusive or and not to an exclusive or. For example, a condition A or B is satisfied by any one of the following: A is true (or present) and B is false (or not present), A is false (or not present) and B is true (or present), and both A and B are true (or present).
[0017] Also, the indefinite articles “a” and “an” preceding an element or component of the invention are intended to be nonrestrictive regarding the number of instances (i.e. occurrences) of the element or component. Therefore “a” or “an” should be read to include one or at least one, and the singular word form of the element or component also includes the plural unless the number is obviously meant to be singular.
[0018] As used herein, depending on the context in which it is used, the term “about” provides an estimate of a value associated with the claimed invention, where the estimated value is reasonable when taken in context with the description of the invention and in view of what is known from information available to the public, as such information would be understood or interpreted by a person of ordinary skill in the art. Generally, the term “about” as used herein means that the estimated value will fall within plus or minus 10% of the associated value. The term “about” may be further defined by context, and it is within the applicant’s rights as lexicographer to define how “about” should be interpreted within the specific context in which it is used in describing the invention. [0019] As used herein, “wt%” refers to the weight percent of the recited component relative to the total weight of the recited composition.
[0020] As used herein, “substantially free” generally refers to no more than 2 wt%. In some embodiments, “substantially free” refers to no more than 1.5 wt%, no more than 1.0 wt%, no more than 0.5 wt%, or no more than 0.1 wt%.
[0021] In the context of this disclosure “invertebrate pest control” means inhibition of invertebrate pest development (including mortality, feeding reduction, and/or mating disruption), and related expressions are defined analogously.
[0022] As referred to in this disclosure, the term “invertebrate pest” includes arthropods, gastropods, nematodes and helminths of economic importance as pests. The term “arthropod” includes insects, mites, spiders, scorpions, centipedes, millipedes, pill bugs and symphylans. The term “gastropod” includes snails, slugs and other Stylommatophora. The term “nematode” includes members of the phylum Nematoda, such as phytophagous nematodes and helminth nematodes parasitizing animals. The term “helminth” includes all of the parasitic worms, such as roundworms (phylum Nematoda), heartworms (phylum Nematoda, class Secernentea), flukes (phylum Platyhelminthes, class Tematoda), acanthocephalans (phylum Acanthocephala), and tapeworms (phylum Platyhelminthes, class Cestoda).
[0023] The term “agronomic” refers to the production of field; crops such as for food and fiber and includes the growth of maize or corn, soybeans and other legumes, rice, cereal (e.g., wheat, oats, barley, rye and rice), leafy vegetables (e.g., lettuce, cabbage, and other cole crops), fruiting vegetables (e.g., tomatoes, pepper, eggplant, crucifers and cucurbits), potatoes, sweet potatoes, grapes, cotton, tree fruits (e.g., pome, stone and citrus), small fruit (e.g., berries and cherries) and other specialty crops (e.g., canola, sunflower and olives).
[0024] The term “nonagronomic” refers to other than field crops, such as horticultural crops (e.g., greenhouse, nursery or ornamental plants not grown in a field), residential, agricultural, commercial and industrial structures, turf (e.g., sod farm, pasture, golf course, lawn, sports field, etc.), wood products, stored product, agro-forestry and vegetation management, public health (i.e. human) and animal health (e.g., domesticated animals such as pets, livestock and poultry, undomesticated animals such as wildlife) applications.
[0025] The term “crop vigor” refers to rate of growth or biomass accumulation of a crop plant. An “increase in vigor” refers to an increase in growth or biomass accumulation in a crop plant relative to an untreated control crop plant. The term “crop yield” refers to the return on crop material, in terms of both quantity and quality, obtained after harvesting a crop plant. An “increase in crop yield” refers to an increase in crop yield relative to an untreated control crop plant.
[0026] The term “biologically effective amount” refers to the amount of a biologically active compound sufficient to produce the desired biological effect when applied to (i.e. contacted with) an invertebrate pest to be controlled or its environment, or to a plant, the seed from which the plant is grown, or the locus of the plant (e.g., growth medium) to protect the plant from injury by the invertebrate pest or for other desired effect (e.g., increasing plant vigor).
[0027] Nonagronomic applications include protecting an animal from an invertebrate parasitic pest by administering a parasiti ci dally effective (i.e. biologically effective) amount of a biologically active compound of the disclosure, typically in the form of a composition formulated for veterinary use, to the animal to be protected. As referred to in the present disclosure and claims, the terms “parasiticidal” and “parasiticidally” refers to observable effects on an invertebrate parasite pest to provide protection of an animal from the pest. Parasiticidal effects typically relate to diminishing the occurrence or activity of the target invertebrate parasitic pest. Such effects on the pest include necrosis, death, retarded growth, diminished mobility or lessened ability to remain on or in the host animal, reduced feeding and inhibition of reproduction. These effects on invertebrate parasite pests provide control (including prevention, reduction or elimination) of parasitic infestation or infection of the animal.
[0028] It is readily understood by those skilled in the art that some substituents of the present disclosure depend on the presence of other substituents and are therefore optional. For example, in Formula I, if c is 0, then an -OH group is directly bound to the carbon of b. The optionality of a substituent in one embodiment is non-limiting regarding the presence of the substituent in another embodiment. [0029] It is readily understood by those skilled in the art that while some substituents of the present disclosure may be present in a repeated group, they also may be selected independently from other repeated substituents. For example, in Formula I, if b is 2, then there will be two independent selections of R3 and two independent selections of R4. The selection of a substituent in one repeating group of an embodiment is non-limiting regarding the selection of the substituent in another repeating group of the embodiment.
[0030] In some embodiments, described herein is a composition including an aldehyde; a polyol comprising 2-20 carbon atoms; optionally a non-aldehyde pheromone; optionally a solvent; and optionally a stabilizer. In some embodiments, described herein is a composition including an aldehyde comprising 10-20 carbon atoms; a polyol comprising 2-20 carbon atoms; optionally a non-aldehyde pheromone; optionally a solvent; and optionally a stabilizer.
[0031] Generally, compositions according to the present disclosure may include any suitable polyol known in the art that facilitates the compositions described herein. In some embodiments, the polyol includes at least one polyol selected from the group consisting of terminal diols, linear diols, linear terminal diols, non-aqueous diols, glycols, diglycols, diethylene glycol, triglycols, triethylene glycol, linear polyols, C2 polyols, C3 polyols, C4 polyols, C5 polyols, Ce polyols, C7 polyols, Cs polyols, C9 polyols, C10 polyols, C11 polyols, C12 polyols, C13 polyols, C14 polyols, C15 polyols, Ci6 polyols, C17 polyols, Cis polyols, C19 polyols, C20 polyols, and combinations thereof.
[0032] In some embodiments, the polyol includes at least one polyol selected from the group consisting of diols. In some embodiments, the polyol includes at least one polyol selected from the group consisting of glycols. In some embodiments, the polyol includes at least one polyol selected from the group consisting of triols. In some embodiments, the polyol includes at least one polyol selected from the group consisting of triglycols.
[0033] In some embodiments, the polyol includes at least one polyol selected from the group consisting of C5 polyols, Ce polyols, C7 polyols, Cs polyols, C9 polyols, C10 polyols, C11 polyols, C12 polyols, C13 polyols, C14 polyols, C15 polyols, Cie polyols, C17 polyols, Cis polyols, C19 polyols, C20 polyols, and combinations thereof. [0034] In some embodiments, the polyol includes a linear polyol. In some embodiments, the polyol includes at least one polyol having a molecular weight of at least 95 g/mol.
[0035] In some embodiments, the polyol includes at least one polyol having a molecular weight of at least 100 g/mol. In some embodiments, the polyol includes at least one polyol having a molecular weight of at least 110 g/mol. In some embodiments, the polyol includes at least one polyol having a molecular weight of at least 120 g/mol. In some embodiments, the polyol includes at least one polyol having a molecular weight of at least 130 g/mol. In some embodiments, the polyol includes at least one polyol having a molecular weight of at least 140 g/mol. In some embodiments, the polyol includes at least one polyol having a molecular weight of at least 150 g/mol. In some embodiments, the polyol includes at least one polyol having a molecular weight of at least 160 g/mol. In some embodiments, the polyol includes at least one polyol having a molecular weight of at least 170 g/mol. In some embodiments, the polyol includes at least one polyol having a molecular weight of at least 180 g/mol. In some embodiments, the polyol includes at least one polyol having a molecular weight of at least 190 g/mol. In some embodiments, the polyol includes at least one polyol having a molecular weight of at least 200 g/mol.
[0036] In some embodiments, the polyol is a diol. In some embodiments, the polyol is a linear diol. In some embodiments, the polyol is a terminal diol. In some embodiments, the polyol is a linear terminal diol.
[0037] In some embodiments, the polyol is a compound of formula (I), wherein: a is an integer from 0 to 2; b is an integer from 1 to 12; c is an integer from 0 to 12; each Ri, R2, R3, R4, R5, and Re are independently selected from the group consisting of H and Ci -3 alkyl; and the sum of a, b and c is at least 2.
[0038] In some embodiments, a and c are each 0. In some embodiments, b is from 2 to 12, such as, e.g. from 3 to 12, from 4 to 12, from 5 to 12, from 6 to 12, from 7 to 12, from 8 to 12, from 9 to 12 and from 10 to 12. In some embodiments, each R3 and R4 are H.
[0039] In some embodiments, the polyol includes at least one polyol selected from the group consisting of erythritol, 1,5 -pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,7-heptanediol, 1,8-octanediol, 1 ,9-nonanediol, 1,10-decanediol, 1,12-dodecanediol, and combinations thereof.
[0040] In some embodiments, the polyol is present in an amount of from about 1 wt% to about 99 wt%. In some embodiments, the polyol is present in an amount of from about 1 wt% to about 85 wt%.
[0041] In some embodiments, the polyol is present in an amount of at least about 1 wt%, at least about 2 wt%, at least about 3 wt%, at least about 4 wt%, at least about 5 wt%, at least about 6 wt%, at least about 7 wt%, at least about 8 wt%, at least about 9 wt%, at least about 10 wt%, at least about 11 wt%, at least about 12 wt%, at least about 13 wt%, at least about 14 wt%, at least about 15 wt%, at least about 16 wt%, at least about 17 wt%, at least about 18 wt%, at least about 19 wt%, at least about 20 wt%, at least about 21 wt%, at least about 22 wt%, at least about 23 wt%, at least about 24 wt%, at least about 25 wt%, at least about 26 wt%, at least about 27 wt%, at least about 28 wt%, at least about 29 wt%, at least about 30 wt%, at least about 31 wt%, at least about 32 wt%, at least about 33 wt%, at least about 34 wt%, at least about 35 wt%, at least about 36 wt%, at least about 37 wt%, at least about 38 wt%, at least about 39 wt%, at least about 40 wt%, at least about 41 wt%, at least about 42 wt%, at least about 43 wt%, at least about 44 wt%, at least about 45 wt%, at least about 46 wt%, at least about 47 wt%, at least about 48 wt%, at least about 49 wt%, at least about 50 wt%, at least about 51 wt%, at least about 52 wt%, at least about 53 wt%, at least about 54 wt%, at least about 55 wt%, at least about 56 wt%, at least about 57 wt%, at least about 58 wt%, at least about 59 wt%, at least about 60 wt%, at least about 61 wt%, at least about 62 wt%, at least about 63 wt%, at least about 64 wt%, at least about 65 wt%, at least about 66 wt%, at least about 67 wt%, at least about 68 wt%, at least about 69 wt%, at least about 70 wt%, at least about 71 wt%, at least about 72 wt%, at least about 73 wt%, at least about 74 wt%, at least about 75 wt%, at least about 76 wt%, at least about 77 wt%, at least about 78 wt%, at least about 79 wt%, at least about 80 wt%, at least about 81 wt%, at least about 82 wt%, at least about 83 wt%, at least about 84 wt%, at least about 85 wt%, at least about 86 wt%, at least about 87 wt%, at least about 88 wt%, at least about 89 wt%, at least about 90 wt%, at least about 91 wt%, at least about 92 wt%, at least about 93 wt%, at least about 94 wt%, at least about 95 wt%, at least about 96 wt%, at least about 97 wt%, or at least about 98 wt%.
[0042] In some embodiments, the polyol is present in an amount of at most about 2 wt%, at most about 3 wt%, at most about 4 wt%, at most about 5 wt%, at most about 6 wt%, at most about 7 wt%, at most about 8 wt%, at most about 9 wt%, at most about 10 wt%, at most about 11 wt%, at most about 12 wt%, at most about 13 wt%, at most about 14 wt%, at most about 15 wt%, at most about 16 wt%, at most about 17 wt%, at most about 18 wt%, at most about 19 wt%, at most about 20 wt%, at most about 21 wt%, at most about 22 wt%, at most about 23 wt%, at most about 24 wt%, at most about 25 wt%, at most about 26 wt%, at most about 27 wt%, at most about 28 wt%, at most about 29 wt%, at most about 30 wt%, at most about 31 wt%, at most about 32 wt%, at most about 33 wt%, at most about 34 wt%, at most about 35 wt%, at most about 36 wt%, at most about 37 wt%, at most about 38 wt%, at most about 39 wt%, at most about 40 wt%, at most about 41 wt%, at most about 42 wt%, at most about 43 wt%, at most about 44 wt%, at most about 45 wt%, at most about 46 wt%, at most about 47 wt%, at most about 48 wt%, at most about 49 wt%, at most about 50 wt%, at most about 51 wt%, at most about 52 wt%, at most about 53 wt%, at most about 54 wt%, at most about 55 wt%, at most about 56 wt%, at most about 57 wt%, at most about 58 wt%, at most about 59 wt%, at most about 60 wt%, at most about 61 wt%, at most about 62 wt%, at most about 63 wt%, at most about 64 wt%, at most about 65 wt%, at most about 66 wt%, at most about 67 wt%, at most about 68 wt%, at most about 69 wt%, at most about 70 wt%, at most about 71 wt%, at most about 72 wt%, at most about 73 wt%, at most about 74 wt%, at most about 75 wt%, at most about 76 wt%, at most about 77 wt%, at most about 78 wt%, at most about 79 wt%, at most about 80 wt%, at most about 81 wt%, at most about 82 wt%, at most about 83 wt%, at most about 84 wt%, at most about 85 wt%, at most about 86 wt%, at most about 87 wt%, at most about 88 wt%, at most about 89 wt%, at most about 90 wt%, at most about 91 wt%, at most about 92 wt%, at most about 93 wt%, at most about 94 wt%, at most about 95 wt%, at most about 96 wt%, at most about 97 wt%, at most about 98 wt%, or at most about 99 wt%.
[0043] Generally, compositions according to the present disclosure may include any suitable aldehyde known in the art that facilitates the compositions described herein. In some embodiments, the aldehyde is selected from the group consisting of Ci aldehydes, C2 aldehydes, C3 aldehydes, C4 aldehydes, C5 aldehydes, Ce aldehydes, C7 aldehydes, Cs aldehydes, C9 aldehydes, C10 aldehydes, Cn aldehydes, C12 aldehydes, C13 aldehydes, C14 aldehydes, C15 aldehydes, Ci6 aldehydes, C17 aldehydes, Cis aldehydes, C19 aldehydes, C20 aldehydes, and combinations thereof.
[0044] In some embodiments, the aldehyde is unsaturated and comprises at least one carbon-carbon double bond. In some embodiments, the aldehyde is unsaturated and comprises at least two carbon-carbon double bonds.
[0045] In some embodiments, the aldehyde is a pheromone.
[0046] In some embodiments, the aldehyde includes at least one aldehyde selected from the group consisting of Formaldehyde; 2,2-Dibromoacetaldehyde; Acetaldehyde; 2-Methyl-2- propenal; 2-Methylpropanal; 2-Propenal; 3,3-Dibromo-2-propenal; Propanal; 2-Butenal; 2- Methyl-2-butenal; 2-Methylbutanal; 2-Methylenebutanal; 3-Methyl-2-butenal; 3-Methyl-3- butenal; 3 -Methylbutanal; Butanal; (E)-2-Pentenal; 2-Methylenepentanal; 2-Pentenal; 3-Methyl- l-(vinyloxy) -butane; 4-Methylpentanal; 4-Pentenal; 5-Methylfurfural; Furan-2-carbaldehyde; Pentanal; (E)-2-Hexenal; (E)-2-Methyl-2-hexenal; (E)-3-Hexenal; (E)-4-oxo-2-Hexenal; (E,E)- 2,4-Dimethyl-2,4-hexadienal; (E,E)-2,4-Hexadienal; (Z)-2-Hexenal; (Z)-3-Hexenal; (Z)-4-oxo-2- Hexenal; 1-Hexenal; 2,3 -Dihydroxybenzaldehyde; 2-Hexenal; 3-((E)-2-Hexenoxy)-hexanal; 3,5- Dimethylhexanal; 3 -Ethoxy hexanal; 3-Hydroxybenzaldehyde; 3 -Hydroxy hexanal; 4-Hydroxy- 3, 5 -dimethoxybenzaldehyde; 4-Hydroxybenzaldehyde; 5 -Methylhexanal; Hexanal; (lR,2S,5R)-2- Methyl-5-((R)-l-oxopropan-2-yl)-cyclopentanecarbaldehyde; (lR,2S,5S)-2-Methyl-5-((R)-l- oxopropan-2-yl)-cyclopentanecarbaldehyde; (lR,5S)-6,6-Dimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-ene-2- carbaldehyde; (lS,2S,5R)-2-Methyl-5-((R)-l-oxopropan-2-yl)-cyclopentanecarbaldehyde; (3S,8R)-2-Methyl-5-(l-formylethyl)-l-cyclopentene-l-carbaldehyde; (3S,8S)-2-Methyl-5-(l- formylethyl)-l -cyclopentene- 1-carbaldehy de; (5S,8S)-2-Methyl-5-(l-formylethyl)-l- cyclopentene-1 -carbaldehyde; (E)-2-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-6-methyl-2,5-heptadienal; (E)-2-(2- Hydroxyethylidene)-6-methyl-5-heptenal; (E)-2-Heptenal; (E)-2-Isopropyl-5-methyl-2-hexenal; (E)-2-Methyl-2-heptenal; (E,Z)-2,4-Heptadienal; (R)-2,6-Dimethyl-5-heptenal; (S)-4-(Prop-l-en- 2-yl)-cyclohex-l-enecarbaldehyde; (Z)-2-Isopropyl-5-methyl-2-hexenal; (Z,Z)-2,4-Heptadienal; 2-(3-Methylcyclopentyl)-propanal; 2-(3-Methylcyclopentyl)-propanal; 2,3,6-Tribromo-4,5- dihydroxybenzaldehyde; 2,3-Dibromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzaldehyde; 2,6-Dimethyl-5-heptenal; 2- Methoxybenzaldehyde; 2-Methyl-l-cyclopentenecarboxaldehyde; 2-Methyl-2-heptenal; 2- Methyl-5-(l-oxopropan-2-yl)-cyclopentanecarbaldehyde; 2-Methylcyclopent-l-enecarbaldehyde; 3, 3-Dimethyl-5-oxo-7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptane- 1-carbaldehy de; 3,4-Dimethylbenzaldehyde; 3 , 5 -Dibromo-4, 5-dihydroxybenzaldehy de; 3 , 5 -Dibromo-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde; 3 -Bromo-4, 5 - dihydroxybenzaldehyde; 3-Bromo-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde; 3-Bromo-5-hydroxy-4- methoxybenzaldehyde; 3-Hydroxybenzene-l,2-dicarbaldehyde; 3 -Methylbenzaldehyde; 4- (Heptyloxy)-butanal; 4-Methoxybenzaldehyde; 5-(l-Formylethyl)-2-methyl-2-cyclopentene-l- carbaldehyde; 6-Methyl-5-heptenal; 6-Methylheptanal; Benzaldehyde; Cartilagineal; Cyclohexanedial; Heptanal; Taxifolial D; (lR,2S)-cis-2-Isopropenyl-l- methylcyclobutaneethanal; (1 S,2R,3S)-2-(l -Formylvinyl)-5-methylcyclopentanecarbaldehyde; (lS,2S,3S)-2-(l-Formylvinyl)-5-methylcyclopentanecarbaldehyde; (2Z,6E)-8-Chloro-6- chloromethyl-2-methyl-2,6-octadienal; (4S)-(3 -Oxoprop- 1 -en-2-yl)-cyclohex-l - enecarbaldehyde; (E)-(3,3-Dimethyl)-cyclohexylideneacetaldehyde; (E)-2-(3,3-
Dimethylcyclohexylidene)-acetaldehyde; (E)-2-(4-Methyl-3-pentenyl)-butenedial; (E)-2-(4- Methyl-3-pentenylidene)-butanedial; (E)-2,7-Octadienal; (E)-2-Methyl-2-octenal; (E)-2-Methyl- 5-(3-furyl)-2-pentenal; (E)-2-Octenal; (E)-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadienal; (E)-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6- octadienal; (E)-3-Octenal; (E)-4-oxo-2-Octenal; (E)-7-Methyl-2-octenal; (E,E)-2,4-Octadienal; (E,E)-2,6-Dimethyl-8-hydroxy-2,6-octadienal; (E,E)-2,6-Octadienal; (E,E)-2,6-Octadienedial; (E,Z)-2,4-Octadienal; (E,Z)-2,6-Octadienal; (R)-l,2-Dimethyl-3 -methylenecyclopentylacetaldehyde; (R)-3,7-Dimethyl-6-octenal; (Z)-(3,3-Dimethyl)-cyclohexylideneacetaldehyde; (Z)-2-(3,3-Dimethylcyclohexylidene)-acetaldehyde; (Z)-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadienal; (Z,E)-3,7- Dimethyl-2,6-octadienal; 1-Octenal; 2-(l-Formylvinyl)-5-methylcyclopentanecarbaldehyde; 2- (3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-2-oxoacetaldehyde; 2,6,6-Trimethyl-l-cyclohexene-l-carbaldehyde; 2- Ethyloctanal; 2-Hydroxy-6-methylbenzaldehyde; 2-Methyl benzaldehyde; 2-Methyl-5-(l- formylethyl)-l -cyclopentene- 1-carbaldehy de; 2-Octenal; 2-Phenylacetaldehyde; 2-
Phenylpropenal; 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylglyoxal; 3,7-Dimethyl-6-octenal; 3-Ethoxy-4- hydroxybenzaldehyde; 3-Ethyl benzaldehyde; 3-Isopropyl-6-methyl benzaldehyde; 3-Octenal; 3- oxo-4-Isopropylidene- 1 -cyclohexene- 1 -carboxyaldehyde; 4-Ethylbenzaldehyde; 4-Hydroxy-2- methyl benzaldehyde; 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde; 4-Isopropenyl-l -cyclohexene- 1- carbaldehyde; 4-Isopropenyl-3 -oxo- 1 -cyclohexene- 1 -carboxyaldehyde; 4S-4-Isopropenyl-3-oxo- 1 -cyclohexene- 1 -carboxyaldehyde; 5 -Ethylcyclopent- 1 -ene-carbaldehyde; 6,6-
Dimethylbicyclo[3.1. l]hept-2-ene-2-carbaldehyde; 6-Methyloctanal; 7-Methyloctanal; Anisomorphal; cis-2-Isopropenyl-l -methylcyclobutaneethanal; Octanal; Peruphasmal; (lR,2S,6R)-2,6-Dimethyl-3-oxabicyclo[4.2.0]octane-2-carbaldehyde; (E)-2-Methyl-2-nonenal; (E)-2-Nonenal; (E)-3-Phenyl-2-propenal; (E)-4,8-Nonadienal; (E)-8-Methyl-2-nonenal; (E,E)- 2,4-Nonadienal; (E,E,E)-2,4,6-Nonatrienal; (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-Nonatrienal; (E,Z)-2,6-Nonadienal; (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-Nonatrienal; (Z)-2-Methyl-2-nonenal; (Z)-3-Nonenal; (Z)-4,8-Nonadienal; (Z)-4- Nonenal; (Z)-8-Methyl-2-nonenal; 2,6-Nonadienal; 2-Formyl-3- methylcyclopenteneacetaldehyde; 2-Nonenal; 2-Phenyl-2-butenal; 3-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-2- propenal; 3,5-di-tert-Butyl-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde; 3-Phenyl-2-propenal; 3-Phenylpropanal; 6- Ethyl benzaldehyde; 7,7-Dimethylbicyclo[4.1.0]hept-3-ene-3-carbaldehyde; 7-Methylnonanal; 8- Methylnonanal; 9-Acetyloxynonanal; Gibepyrone C; Nonanal; (4R,8R)-4,8-Dimethyldecanal; (4R,8S)-4,8-Dimethyldecanal; (E)- 17,18,19,20-Tetranorloba-8, 10,13(15)-trien- 16-al; (E)-2,9- Decadienal; (E)-2-Decenal; (E)-2-Methyl-2-decenal; (E)-2-Methyl-3-(2,3-dibromo-4,5- dihydroxyphenyl)-propenal; (E)-4-oxo-2-Decenal; (E)-8-Hydroxy-4,8-dimethyl-4,9-decadienal; (E)-9-Methyl-2-decenal; (E,E)-2,4-Decadienal; (E,Z)-2,4-Decadienal; (Z)-4-Decenal; (Z)-5- Decenal; (Z)-9-Methyl-2-decenal; (Z,Z)-2,4-Decadienal; 1-Decenal; 2-Decenal; 2-Ethyldecanal; 3 -(2,3 -Dibromo-4, 5 -dihydroxyphenyl)-2-methylpropanal; 4, 5 -Dimethyldecanal; 4,8- Dimethyldecanal; Caraibical; Decanal; Rogiolal; (2E,4E)-2,6,10-Trimethylundeca-2,4,9-trienal; (2E,4E,7Z)-2,6,10-Trimethylundeca-2,4,7,9-tetraenal; (5E)-2,6,10-Trimethylundeca-5,9-dienal; (E)-2-Undecenal; (E)-6-Ethyl-2,10-dimethyl-5,9-undecadienal; (Z)-4-Undecenal; 10-Undecenal; 2-Butyl-2-octenal; 2-Undecenal; 3-Isopropyl-6-methyl-10-oxoundeca-2,6-dienal; 5-Methyl-2- phenyl-2-hexenal; 8-Isopropyl-5-methyl-3,4,4a,5,6,7,8,8a-octahydronaphthalene-2-carbaldehyde; Austrodoral; Oxytoxin 1; syn-4,6-Dimethylundecanal; Taxifolial A; Taxifolial B; Taxifolial C; Undecanal; (lR,6R,7S,10R)-l-Hydroxy-4-cadinen-l 5-al; (2R,7S,1 lR)-7-Acetoxy-2- hydroxynardosin-l(10)-en-12-al; (3R,5R,9R)-3,5,9-Trimethyldodecanal; (3S,6E)-7-Ethyl-3,l 1- dimethyldodeca-6,10-dienal; (9R)-3,5,9-Trimethyldodecanal; (E)-lO-Dodecenal; (E)-2- Dodecenal; (E)-3,7,l l-Trimethyl-6,10-dodecadienal; (E)-5-Dodecenal; (E)-6-Dodecenal; (E)-7- Dodecenal; (E)-8-Dodecenal; (E)-9,11-Dodecadienal; (E)-9-Dodecenal; (E,E)-3,7,11-Trimethyl-
2.6.10-dodecatrienal; (E,E)-7-Ethy 1-3,1 l-dimethyl-2,6,10-dodecatrienal; (E,E)-8,10-
Dodecadienal; (E,E,E)-3,7-Dimethyl-8,l l-dioxo-2,6,9-dodecatrienal; (E,E,Z)-3,7-Dimethyl-8,l 1- dioxo-2,6,9-dodecatrienal; (E,Z)-2,6-Dodecadienal; (E,Z)-5,7-Dodecadienal; (E,Z)-7,9- Dodecadienal; (E,Z)-8,10-Dodecadienal; (R)-10-Oxo-isodauc-3-en- 15-al; (S,E)-3,7,11-
Trimethyl-6,10-dodecadienal; (Z)-2-Methyl-5-((lR,5R,6S)-2,6-dimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-en- 6-yl)-pent-2-enal; (Z)-5-Dodecenal; (Z)-7-Dodecenal; (Z)-9, 11 -Dodecadienal; (Z)-9-Dodecenal; (Z,E)-3,7,1 l-Trimethyl-2,6,10-dodecatrienal; (Z,E)-5,7-Dodecadienal; (Z,E)-7-Ethyl-3,l 1- dimethyl-2,6,10-dodecatrienal; (Z,E)-8,10-Dodecadienal; (Z,Z)-5,7-Dodecadienal; 10- Methyldodecanal; 2,10-Dibromo-3-chloro-7-chamigrene; 2-Dodecenal; 2-Ethyldodecanal; 2- Formylguaiazulene; 3,7,1 l-Trimethyl-(E)-6,10-dodecadienal; 5-Hydroxy-8-methoxycalamanen- 15-al; 5-Hydroxy-8-methoxycalamenene-15-al; Aplysinal; Debromoaplysinal; Dodecanal; Parahigginol D; Polygodial; Sclerosporal; Sinuketal; syn-4,6-Dimethyldodecanal; trans- Calamenen-13-al; (3R,5S,9R,7E,1 lE)-3, 5,9,11 -Tetramethyl-7, 11-tndecadienal; (3S,4R,6E,10Z)- 3,4,7, 1 l-Tetramethyl-6,10-tridecadienal; (E,E)-3,5,9,1 l-Tetramethyltrideca-7,11-dienal; (Z)-4- Tridecenal; 13,14,15,16-Tetranorclerod-3-en-12-al; 13-Acetyloxytridecanal; 4,6-bis(4- Methylpent-3 -en- 1 -yl)-6-methylcyclo- 1 ,3 -hexadi enecarbaldehyde; Acanthodoral; Ancistrodial; CespitulinF; Isoacanthodoral; Tridecanal; (E)-l 1,13 -Tetradecadi enal; (E)-l 1-Tetradecenal; (E,E)-
8.10-Tetradecadienal; (E,Z)-4,9-Tetradecadienal; (E,Z)-8,10-Tetradecadienal; (Z)-l l,13- Tetradecadienal; (Z)-l 1-Tetradecenal; (Z)-5-Tetradecenal; (Z)-7-Tetradecenal; (Z)-8- Tetradecenal; (Z)-9,13-Tetradecadien-l l-ynal; (Z)-9-Tetradecenal; (Z,E)-9, 11,13- Tetradecatrienal; (Z,E)-9,11-Tetradecadienal; (Z,E)-9,12-Tetradecadienal; (Z,Z)-5,8- Tetradecadienal; (Z,Z)-8,10-Tetradecadienal; (Z,Z)-9,11 -Tetradecadi enal; 10,12-Tetradecadienal; 2,4-Tetradecadienal; 2-Ethyltetradecanal; 3-oxo-13-Tetradecenal; 3-oxo-Tetradecanal; 5,8- Tetradecadienal; 5-Tetradecenal; Norasperenal A; Norasperenal B; Norasperenal C; Norasperenal D; Sargasal I; Sargasal II; Tetradecanal; (6R)-6-Acetoxidichotoma-3,14-diene-l, 17-dial; (6R)-6- Hydroxydichotoma-3, 14-diene- 1 , 17-dial; (E,E)-3 ,7, 11,15-Tetramethyl-6, 10,14-hexadecatrienal; (E,Z)-6,8-Pentadecadienal; (E,Z)-9, 11 -Pentadecadi enal; (E,Z,Z)-2,6,9-Pentadecatrienal; (Z)-10- Pentadecenal; (Z)-2-Chloropentadec-2-enal; (Z)-6,14-Pentadecadienal; (Z,Z)-6,9- Pentadecadienal; (Z,Z)-9, 11 -Pentadecadi enal; 2-Hexyl-2-decenal; Azamial A; Azamial B; Isopachydictyolal; Pentadecanal; Sinularial A; Umbellacin A; Xeniafaraunol A; (1R)-Pimaral; (E)-lO-Hexadecenal; (E)-l l-Hexadecenal; (E)-14-Hexadecenal; (E)-14-Methyl-8-hexadecenal; (E)-3,7, 11,15-Tetramethyl-2-hexadecenal; (E,E)- 10,12-Hexadecadienal; (E,E)- 10, 14-
Hexadecadienal; (E,E)-l l,13-Hexadecadienal; (E,E)-9, 11 -Hexadecadi enal; (E, E,E)-10,12,14- Hexadecatrienal; (E,E,E)-3,7,1 l,15-tetramethyl-2,6,10,14-hexadecatetraenal; (E, E,Z)-10,12,14- Hexadecatrienal; (E,E,Z)-4,6, 11 -Hexadecatri enal; (E,E,Z,Z)-4,6,11,13-Hexadecatetraenal; (E,Z)- 10,12-Hexadecadienal; (E,Z)-11,13-Hexadecadienal; (E,Z)-4,6-Hexadecadienal; (E,Z)-6,11- Hexadecadienal; (E,Z)-8, 11 -Hexadecadi enal; (E,Z)-9, 11 -Hexadecadi enal; (R)-(E)-14-Methyl-8- hexadecenal; (R)-(Z)-14-Methyl-8-hexadecenal; (S)-(E)-14-Methyl-8-hexadecenal; (S)-(Z)-14- Methyl-8-hexadecenal; (Z)-lO-Hexadecenal; (Z)-l 1-Hexadecenal; (Z)-12-Hexadecenal; (Z)-13- Hexadecen-11-ynal; (Z)-14-Methyl-8-hexadecenal; (Z)-3,7,l l,15-Tetramethyl-2-hexadecenal; (Z)-3-oxo-9-Hexadecenal; (Z)-7-Hexadecenal; (Z)-9-Hexadecenal; (Z,E)- 10,12-Hexadecadienal; (Z,E)-11,13-Hexadecadienal; (Z,E)-7, 11 -Hexadecadi enal; (Z,E)-9,11-Hexadecadienal; (Z,Z)- 10,12-Hexadecadienal; (Z,Z)-11,13-Hexadecadienal; (Z,Z)-7,10-Hexadecadienal; (Z,Z)-7,11- Hexadecadienal; (Z,Z)-9, 11 -Hexadecadienal; (Z,Z,E)-7, 11 , 13-Hexadecatrienal; 11 -Hexadecenal; 11-Hexadecynal; 13(16), 14-Spongiadien- 19-al; 2-Methylhexadecanal; 7-Hexadecenal; 9- Hexadecenal; Deacetyl-dihydro-nor-thuridillonal; Dictyodial A; Dihydro-nor-thuridillonal; Hexadecanal; Keikipukalide A; Keikipukalide B; Keikipukalide C; Keikipukalide D; Keikipukalide E; Nor-thuridillonal; Pseudoplexaural; Pukalide aldehyde; Sanadaol; (E)-2- Tridecyl-2-heptadecenal; (Z)-9-Heptadecenal; 1-Heptadecenal; 2-Heptadecenal; Globostelletin C; Globostelletin D; Heptadecanal; (E)-l l-Octadecenal; (E)-13-Octadecenal; (E)-14-Octadecenal; (E)-2-Octadecenal; (E)-6-Octadecenal; (E,E)-l l,14-Octadecadienal; (E,Z)-2, 13 -Octadecadi enal; (E,Z)-3, 13 -Octadecadi enal; (E,Z)-6,l l-Octadecadienal; (Z)-l 1-Octadecenal; (Z)-13-Octadecenal; (Z)-9-Octadecenal; (Z,E)- 13, 15 -Octadecadi enal; (Z,Z)-11,13 -Octadecadi enal; (Z,Z)-13,15- Octadecadienal; (Z,Z)-3,13-Octadecadienal; (Z,Z)-9,12-Octadecadienal; (Z,Z,Z)-9,12,15- Octadecatrienal; 11 -Octadecenal; 13,15-Octadecadienal; 13-Octadecenal; 16-Methyloctadecanal; 1-Octadecenal; 3,6-Dihydroxy-24-nor-9-oxo-9,l l-secocholesta-7,22-dien-l 1-al; 9-Octadecenal; Methyloctadecanal; Octadecanal; Panicein B2; Panicein B3; Panicein C; (Z)-lO-Nonadecenal; (Z)-9-Nonadecenal; 9(11)-Pargueren- 16-al; Hyrtiosal; Nonadecanal; (2E,6Z,9Z)-2-Methyl-2,6,9- eicosatrienal; (Z)-l 1-Eicosenal; 11-Eicosenal; 12,18-di-Episcalaradial; 12b-(3'b- Hydroxybutanoyloxy)-20,24-dimethyl-24-oxo-scalara-16-en-25-al; 12b-(3'b-
Hydroxypentanoyloxy)-20,24-dimethyl-24-oxo-scalara-16-en-25-al; 12-Deacetoxy-12-oxo- scalaradial; 12-Episcalaradial; 15-Eicosenal; 1-Eicosenal; 3-Deacetyl-22,23-dihydro-24,28- dehydroluffasterol B; 3-Deacetylluffasterol B; 9-Eicosenal; Anthogorgiene B; Deacetylscalaradial; Eicosadienal; Eicosanal; Mooloolabene A; MooloolabeneB; Scalaradial; and combinations thereof.
[0047] In some embodiments, the aldehyde includes at least one aldehyde selected from the group consisting of hexanal; octanal; decanal; citral; geranial; neral; tetradecan- 1 -al; pentadecan- 1 -al; pentadecen-l-al; hexadecan- 1 -al; (Z)-9-hexadecen-l-al; (Z)-l l-hexadecen-l-al; (7E,9E)-undeca-7,9-dien-l-al; (HZ, 13Z)-hexadecadien-l-al; (9Z,12E)-tetradecadien-l-al; (8E,10E)-dodecadien-l-al; (HZ)-hexadecadien-l-al; (9Z)-tetradecen-l-al; 6,10-dimethyl-5,9- undecadien-2-ol; (6E)-7,l l-dimethyl-3-methylene-l,6,10-dodecatriene; [lS-(la,2b,5 a)]- 4,6,6- trimethyl-Bicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-en-2-ol; 10-Hexadecenal; (Z)-lO-hexadecenal; (E)-10- hexadecenal; and combinations thereof.
[0048] In some embodiments, the aldehyde includes at least one aldehyde selected from (Z)-9-hexadecen-l-al, (Z)-l 1-hexadecen-l-al; (E,E)-7,9-undeca-7,9-dien-l-al; (Z, Z)-l l,13- hexadecadien-l-al; (Z,E)-9,12-tetradecadien-l-al; (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-l-al; (Z)-l l- hexadecadien-l-al; (Z)-9-tetradecen-l-al; 6,10-dimethyl-5,9-undecadien-2-ol; (6E)-7,11- dimethyl-3 -methylene- 1, 6, 10-dodecatriene; and combinations thereof. [0049] In some embodiments, the aldehyde is present in an amount of from about 1 wt% to about 99 wt%. In some embodiments, the aldehyde is present in an amount of from about 15 wt% to about 99 wt%. In some embodiments, the aldehyde is present in an amount of from about 5 wt% to about 30 wt%. In some embodiments, the aldehyde is present in an amount of from about 10 wt% to about 25 wt%.
[0050] In some embodiments, the aldehyde is present in an amount of at least about 1 wt%, at least about 2 wt%, at least about 3 wt%, at least about 4 wt%, at least about 5 wt%, at least about 6 wt%, at least about 7 wt%, at least about 8 wt%, at least about 9 wt%, at least about 10 wt%, at least about 11 wt%, at least about 12 wt%, at least about 13 wt%, at least about 14 wt%, at least about 15 wt%, at least about 16 wt%, at least about 17 wt%, at least about 18 wt%, at least about 19 wt%, at least about 20 wt%, at least about 21 wt%, at least about 22 wt%, at least about 23 wt%, at least about 24 wt%, at least about 25 wt%, at least about 26 wt%, at least about 27 wt%, at least about 28 wt%, at least about 29 wt%, at least about 30 wt%, at least about 31 wt%, at least about 32 wt%, at least about 33 wt%, at least about 34 wt%, at least about 35 wt%, at least about 36 wt%, at least about 37 wt%, at least about 38 wt%, at least about 39 wt%, at least about 40 wt%, at least about 41 wt%, at least about 42 wt%, at least about 43 wt%, at least about 44 wt%, at least about 45 wt%, at least about 46 wt%, at least about 47 wt%, at least about 48 wt%, at least about 49 wt%, at least about 50 wt%, at least about 51 wt%, at least about 52 wt%, at least about 53 wt%, at least about 54 wt%, at least about 55 wt%, at least about 56 wt%, at least about 57 wt%, at least about 58 wt%, at least about 59 wt%, at least about 60 wt%, at least about 61 wt%, at least about 62 wt%, at least about 63 wt%, at least about 64 wt%, at least about 65 wt%, at least about 66 wt%, at least about 67 wt%, at least about 68 wt%, at least about 69 wt%, at least about 70 wt%, at least about 71 wt%, at least about 72 wt%, at least about 73 wt%, at least about 74 wt%, at least about 75 wt%, at least about 76 wt%, at least about 77 wt%, at least about 78 wt%, at least about 79 wt%, at least about 80 wt%, at least about 81 wt%, at least about 82 wt%, at least about 83 wt%, at least about 84 wt%, at least about 85 wt%, at least about 86 wt%, at least about 87 wt%, at least about 88 wt%, at least about 89 wt%, at least about 90 wt%, at least about 91 wt%, at least about 92 wt%, at least about 93 wt%, at least about 94 wt%, at least about 95 wt%, at least about 96 wt%, at least about 97 wt%, or at least about 98 wt%. [0051] In some embodiments, the aldehyde is present in an amount of at most about 2 wt%, at most about 3 wt%, at most about 4 wt%, at most about 5 wt%, at most about 6 wt%, at most about 7 wt%, at most about 8 wt%, at most about 9 wt%, at most about 10 wt%, at most about 11 wt%, at most about 12 wt%, at most about 13 wt%, at most about 14 wt%, at most about 15 wt%, at most about 16 wt%, at most about 17 wt%, at most about 18 wt%, at most about 19 wt%, at most about 20 wt%, at most about 21 wt%, at most about 22 wt%, at most about 23 wt%, at most about 24 wt%, at most about 25 wt%, at most about 26 wt%, at most about 27 wt%, at most about 28 wt%, at most about 29 wt%, at most about 30 wt%, at most about 31 wt%, at most about 32 wt%, at most about 33 wt%, at most about 34 wt%, at most about 35 wt%, at most about 36 wt%, at most about 37 wt%, at most about 38 wt%, at most about 39 wt%, at most about 40 wt%, at most about 41 wt%, at most about 42 wt%, at most about 43 wt%, at most about 44 wt%, at most about 45 wt%, at most about 46 wt%, at most about 47 wt%, at most about 48 wt%, at most about 49 wt%, at most about 50 wt%, at most about 51 wt%, at most about 52 wt%, at most about 53 wt%, at most about 54 wt%, at most about 55 wt%, at most about 56 wt%, at most about 57 wt%, at most about 58 wt%, at most about 59 wt%, at most about 60 wt%, at most about 61 wt%, at most about 62 wt%, at most about 63 wt%, at most about 64 wt%, at most about 65 wt%, at most about 66 wt%, at most about 67 wt%, at most about 68 wt%, at most about 69 wt%, at most about 70 wt%, at most about 71 wt%, at most about 72 wt%, at most about 73 wt%, at most about 74 wt%, at most about 75 wt%, at most about 76 wt%, at most about 77 wt%, at most about 78 wt%, at most about 79 wt%, at most about 80 wt%, at most about 81 wt%, at most about 82 wt%, at most about 83 wt%, at most about 84 wt%, at most about 85 wt%, at most about 86 wt%, at most about 87 wt%, at most about 88 wt%, at most about 89 wt%, at most about 90 wt%, at most about 91 wt%, at most about 92 wt%, at most about 93 wt%, at most about 94 wt%, at most about 95 wt%, at most about 96 wt%, at most about 97 wt%, at most about 98 wt%, or at most about 99 wt%.
[0052] In some embodiments, the aldehyde and the polyol are present in a molar ratio in a range of from about 500: 1 to about 1: 1. In some embodiments, the aldehyde and the polyol are present in a molar ratio of at least about 475:1, at least about 450:1, at least about 425:1, at least about 400: 1, at least about 375: 1, at least about 350: 1, at least about 325: 1, at least about 300: 1, at least about 275: 1, at least about 250: 1, at least about 225: 1, at least about 200: 1, at least about 175:1, at least about 150: 1, at least about 125: 1, at least about 100: 1, at least about 99: 1, at least about 98: 1, at least about 97: 1, at least about 96: 1, at least about 95: 1, at least about 94: 1, at least about 93: 1, at least about 92: 1, at least about 91 : 1, at least about 90: 1, at least about 89: 1, at least about 88: 1, at least about 87: 1, at least about 86: 1, at least about 85: 1, at least about 84: 1, at least about 83: 1, at least about 82: 1, at least about 81 : 1, at least about 80: 1, at least about 79: 1, at least about 78: 1, at least about 77: 1, at least about 76: 1, at least about 75: 1, at least about 74: 1, at least about 73: 1, at least about 72: 1, at least about 71 : 1, at least about 70: 1, at least about 69: 1, at least about 68: 1, at least about 67: 1, at least about 66: 1, at least about 65: 1, at least about 64: 1, at least about 63: 1, at least about 62: 1, at least about 61 : 1, at least about 60: 1, at least about 59: 1, at least about 58: 1, at least about 57: 1, at least about 56: 1, at least about 55: 1, at least about 54: 1, at least about 53: 1, at least about 52: 1, at least about 51 : 1, at least about 50: 1, at least about 49: 1, at least about 48: 1, at least about 47: 1, at least about 46: 1, at least about 45: 1, at least about 44: 1, at least about 43: 1, at least about 42: 1, at least about 41 : 1, at least about 40: 1, at least about 39: 1, at least about 38: 1, at least about 37: 1, at least about 36: 1, at least about 35: 1, at least about 34: 1, at least about 33: 1, at least about 32: 1, at least about 31: 1, at least about 30: 1, at least about 29: 1, at least about 28: 1, at least about 27: 1, at least about 26: 1, at least about 25: 1, at least about 24: 1, at least about 23: 1, at least about 22: 1, at least about 21 : 1, at least about 20: 1, at least about 19: 1, at least about 18: 1, at least about 17: 1, at least about 16: 1, at least about 15: 1, at least about 14: 1, at least about 13:1, at least about 12: 1, at least about 11: 1, at least about 10: 1, at least about 9: 1, at least about 8:1, at least about 7: 1, at least about 6:1, at least about 5: 1, at least about 4: 1, at least about 3 : 1 , at least about 2: 1, or at least about 1 :1.
[0053] In some embodiments, the aldehyde and the polyol are present in a molar ratio of at most about 500: 1 to about 1: 1. In some embodiments, the aldehyde and the polyol are present in a molar ratio of at most about 475: 1, at most about 450:1, at most about 425:1, at most about 400:1, at most about 375:l, at most about 350:l, at most about 325: l, at most about 300:1, at most about 275: 1, at most about 250:1, at most about 225:1, at most about 200: 1, at most about 175:1, at most about 150: 1, at most about 125:1, at most about 100: 1, at most about 99: 1, at most about
98: 1, at most about 97: 1, at most about 96: 1, at most about 95: 1, at most about 94: 1, at most about
93: 1, at most about 92: 1, at most about 91 : 1, at most about 90: 1, at most about 89: 1, at most about
88: 1, at most about 87: 1, at most about 86: 1, at most about 85: 1, at most about 84: 1, at most about 83 : 1 , at most about 82: 1 , at most about 81 : 1 , at most about 80: 1 , at most about 79: 1 , at most about
78: 1, at most about 77: 1, at most about 76: 1, at most about 75: 1, at most about 74: 1, at most about
73: 1, at most about 72: 1, at most about 71 : 1, at most about 70: 1, at most about 69: 1, at most about
68: 1, at most about 67: 1, at most about 66: 1, at most about 65: 1, at most about 64: 1, at most about
63: 1, at most about 62: 1, at most about 61 : 1, at most about 60: 1, at most about 59: 1, at most about
58: 1, at most about 57: 1, at most about 56: 1, at most about 55: 1, at most about 54: 1, at most about
53 : 1 , at most about 52: 1 , at most about 51 : 1 , at most about 50: 1 , at most about 49: 1 , at most about
48: 1, at most about 47: 1, at most about 46: 1, at most about 45: 1, at most about 44: 1, at most about
43 : 1 , at most about 42: 1 , at most about 41 : 1 , at most about 40: 1 , at most about 39: 1 , at most about
38: 1, at most about 37: 1, at most about 36: 1, at most about 35: 1, at most about 34: 1, at most about
33: 1, at most about 32: 1, at most about 31 : 1, at most about 30: 1, at most about 29: 1, at most about
28: 1, at most about 27: 1, at most about 26: 1, at most about 25: 1, at most about 24: 1, at most about
23 : 1 , at most about 22: 1 , at most about 21 : 1 , at most about 20: 1 , at most about 19: 1 , at most about
18: 1, at most about 17: 1, at most about 16: 1, at most about 15: 1, at most about 14: 1, at most about
13 : 1 , at most about 12 : 1 , at most about 11 : 1 , at most about 10 : 1 , at most about 9 : 1 , at most about 8: 1, at most about 7: 1, at most about 6:1, at most about 5: 1, at most about 4: 1, at most about 3: 1, or at most about 2: 1.
[0054] In some embodiments, the polyol and the aldehyde are present in a molar ratio in a range of from about 500: 1 to about 1: 1. In some embodiments, the polyol and the aldehyde are present in a molar ratio of at least about 475:1, at least about 450:1, at least about 425:1, at least about 400: 1, at least about 375: 1, at least about 350: 1, at least about 325: 1, at least about 300: 1, at least about 275: 1, at least about 250: 1, at least about 225: 1, at least about 200: 1, at least about 175: 1, at least about 150: 1, at least about 125: 1, at least about 100: 1, at least about 99: 1, at least about 98: 1, at least about 97: 1, at least about 96: 1, at least about 95: 1, at least about 94: 1, at least about 93 : 1 , at least about 92: 1 , at least about 91 : 1 , at least about 90: 1 , at least about 89: 1 , at least about 88: 1, at least about 87: 1, at least about 86: 1, at least about 85: 1, at least about 84: 1, at least about 83: 1, at least about 82: 1, at least about 81: 1, at least about 80: 1, at least about 79: 1, at least about 78: 1, at least about 77: 1, at least about 76: 1, at least about 75: 1, at least about 74: 1, at least about 73 : 1 , at least about 72: 1 , at least about 71 : 1 , at least about 70: 1 , at least about 69: 1 , at least about 68: 1, at least about 67: 1, at least about 66: 1, at least about 65: 1, at least about 64: 1, at least about 63: 1, at least about 62: 1, at least about 61 : 1, at least about 60: 1, at least about 59: 1, at least about 58: 1, at least about 57: 1, at least about 56: 1, at least about 55: 1, at least about 54: 1, at least about 53: 1, at least about 52: 1, at least about 51 : 1, at least about 50: 1, at least about 49: 1, at least about 48: 1, at least about 47: 1, at least about 46: 1, at least about 45: 1, at least about 44: 1, at least about 43: 1, at least about 42: 1, at least about 41 : 1, at least about 40: 1, at least about 39: 1, at least about 38: 1, at least about 37: 1, at least about 36: 1, at least about 35: 1, at least about 34: 1, at least about 33: 1, at least about 32: 1, at least about 31: 1, at least about 30: 1, at least about 29: 1, at least about 28: 1, at least about 27: 1, at least about 26: 1, at least about 25: 1, at least about 24: 1, at least about 23: 1, at least about 22: 1, at least about 21 : 1, at least about 20: 1, at least about 19: 1, at least about 18: 1, at least about 17: 1, at least about 16: 1, at least about 15: 1, at least about 14: 1, at least about 13:1, at least about 12: 1, at least about 11: 1, at least about 10: 1, at least about 9: 1, at least about 8:1, at least about 7: 1, at least about 6:1, at least about 5: 1, at least about 4: 1, at least about 3 : 1 , at least about 2: 1, or at least about 1 :1.
[0055] In some embodiments, the polyol and the aldehyde are present in a molar ratio of at most about 500: 1. In some embodiments, the polyol and the aldehyde are present in a molar ratio of at most about 475 : 1 , at most about 450: 1 , at most about 425 : 1 , at most about 400: 1 , at most about 375: 1, at most about 350:1, at most about 325:1, at most about 300: 1, at most about 275:1, at most about 250: 1 , at most about 225 : 1 , at most about 200: 1 , at most about 175 : 1 , at most about 150:1, at most about 125: 1, at most about 100: 1, at most about 99: 1, at most about 98: 1, at most about 97:1, at most about 96:1, at most about 95: 1, at most about 94: 1, at most about 93: 1, at most about 92: 1 , at most about 91 : 1 , at most about 90: 1 , at most about 89: 1 , at most about 88: 1 , at most about 87:1, at most about 86:1, at most about 85: 1, at most about 84: 1, at most about 83: 1, at most about 82:1, at most about 81 :1, at most about 80: 1, at most about 79: 1, at most about 78: 1, at most about 77:1, at most about 76:1, at most about 75: 1, at most about 74: 1, at most about 73: 1, at most about 72: 1 , at most about 71 : 1 , at most about 70: 1 , at most about 69: 1 , at most about 68: 1 , at most about 67:1, at most about 66:1, at most about 65: 1, at most about 64: 1, at most about 63: 1, at most about 62: 1 , at most about 61 : 1 , at most about 60: 1 , at most about 59: 1 , at most about 58: 1 , at most about 57:1, at most about 56:1, at most about 55: 1, at most about 54: 1, at most about 53: 1, at most about 52: 1 , at most about 51 : 1 , at most about 50: 1 , at most about 49: 1 , at most about 48: 1 , at most about 47:1, at most about 46:1, at most about 45: 1, at most about 44: 1, at most about 43: 1, at most about 42:1, at most about 41 :1, at most about 40: 1, at most about 39: l, at most about 38: l, at most about 37:l, at most about 36:1, at most about 35: l, at most about 34: 1, at most about 33: l, at most about 32: 1 , at most about 31 : 1 , at most about 30: 1 , at most about 29: 1 , at most about 28: 1 , at most about 27:1, at most about 26:1, at most about 25: 1, at most about 24: l, at most about 23: 1, at most about 22: 1 , at most about 21 : 1 , at most about 20: 1 , at most about 19: 1 , at most about 18: 1 , at most about 17:1, at most about 16:1, at most about 15: 1, at most about 14: 1, at most about 13: 1, at most about 12:1, at most about 11:1, at most about 10:1, at most about 9: 1, at most about 8: 1, at most about 7:1, at most about 6:1, at most about 5: 1, at most about 4: 1, at most about 3: 1, or at most about 2: 1.
[0056] Generally, compositions according to the present disclosure may include any suitable non-aldehyde pheromone known in the art that facilitates the compositions described herein. In some embodiments, the non-aldehyde pheromone is selected from the group consisting of acetate pheromones, alcohol pheromones, ketone pheromones, epoxide pheromones, hydrocarbon pheromones, and combinations thereof.
[0057] Generally, compositions according to the present disclosure may include any suitable solvent known in the art that facilitates the compositions described herein. In some embodiments, the solvent is selected from the group consisting of aqueous solvents, organic solvents, and combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the solvent includes at least one solvent selected from the group consisting of ethyl acetate, ethanol, water, and combinations thereof.
[0058] Generally, compositions according to the present disclosure may include any suitable stabilizer known in the art that facilitates the compositions described herein. In some embodiments, the stabilizer is selected from the group consisting of antioxidants, radical scavengers, pH regulators, buffers, UV stabilizers, chelators, and combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the stabilizer includes at least one stabilizer selected from the group consisting of bumetrizole (CAS 3896-11-5); butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) (CAS 109-99-9), tert- butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) (CAS 1948-33-0), tocopherol (CAS 10191-41-0), dimethylethanolamine (CAS 287476-09-9), bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate (CAS 52829-07-9), drometrizole (CAS 2440-22-4), morpholine (CAS 110-91-8), sodium hydroxide 1 (CAS 1310-73-2), propyl gallate (CAS 121-79-9), butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) (CAS 121-00- 6), vitamin E (also known as tocopherol or alpha-tocopherol (CAS 59-02-9) and combinations thereof.
[0059] Generally, compositions according to the present disclosure may include any suitable auxiliary known in the art that facilitates the compositions described herein. In some embodiments, the composition includes at least one auxiliary. In some embodiments, the composition includes at least two auxiliaries. In some embodiments, the composition includes at least three auxiliaries. In some embodiments, the composition includes at least four auxiliaries.
[0060] In some embodiments, the auxiliary is selected from the group consisting of dispersing agents, surfactants, emulsifiers, wetting agents, biocides, antifoamers, antifreeze agents, rheology modifiers, salts, excipients, and combinations thereof.
[0061] Generally, compositions according to the present disclosure may include any suitable carrier known in the art that facilitates the compositions described herein. In some embodiments, the carrier facilitates slow release of the aldehyde from the composition. In some embodiments, the composition includes at least one carrier. In some embodiments, the carrier is selected from the group consisting of liquid carriers, solid carriers, substrates, and combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the carrier is selected from the group consisting of solvents, polymeric substrates, plastics, wax emulsions, oil emulsions, oil microemulsions, microcapsules, microspheres, zeolites, porous materials, calcium phosphate, and combinations thereof.
[0062] Compositions according to the present disclosure may be in any suitable form of compositions known in the art that facilitates the compositions described herein. Useful formulations include both liquid and solid compositions. Liquid compositions include solutions (including emulsifiable concentrates), suspensions, emulsions (including microemulsions, oil in water emulsions, flowable concentrates and/or suspoemulsions) and the like, which optionally can be thickened into gels. The general types of aqueous liquid compositions are soluble concentrate, suspension concentrate, capsule suspension, concentrated emulsion, microemulsion, oil in water emulsion, flowable concentrate and suspoemulsion. The general types of nonaqueous liquid compositions are emulsifiable concentrate, microemulsifiable concentrate, dispersible concentrate and oil dispersion.
[0063] The general types of solid compositions are dusts, powders, granules, pellets, prills, pastilles, tablets, filled films (including seed coatings) and the like, which can be water-dispersible (“wettable”) or water-soluble. Films and coatings formed from film-forming solutions or flowable suspensions are particularly useful for seed treatment. Active ingredient can be (micro) encapsulated and further formed into a suspension or solid formulation; alternatively, the entire formulation of active ingredient can be encapsulated (or “overcoated”). Encapsulation can control or delay release of the active ingredient. An emulsifiable granule combines the advantages of both an emulsifiable concentrate formulation and a dry granular formulation. High-strength compositions are primarily used as intermediates for further formulation.
[0064] Sprayable formulations are typically extended in a suitable medium before spraying. Such liquid and solid formulations are formulated to be readily diluted in the spray medium, usually water, but occasionally another suitable medium like an aromatic or paraffinic hydrocarbon or vegetable oil. Spray volumes can range from about one to several thousand liters per hectare, but more typically are in the range from about ten to several hundred liters per hectare. Sprayable formulations can be tank mixed with water or another suitable medium for foliar treatment by aerial or ground application, or for application to the growing medium of the plant. Liquid and dry formulations can be metered directly into drip irrigation systems or metered into the furrow during planting. Liquid and solid formulations can be applied onto seeds of crops and other desirable vegetation as seed treatments before planting to protect developing roots and other subterranean plant parts and/or foliage through systemic uptake.
[0065] The compositions according to the present disclosure may be aerially delivered. The compositions according to the present disclosure may be delivered by an unmanned vehicle or an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). The compositions according to the present disclosure may be delivered by a helicopter or fixed-wing airplane.
[0066] In some embodiments, the composition is in a form selected from the group consisting of solutions, gels, and powders. In some embodiments, the composition is in a shaped form selected from the group consisting of tablets, briquettes, extrudates, granules, and combinations thereof.
[0067] In some embodiments, the aldehyde and/or the polyol are encapsulated. In some embodiments, the aldehyde and/or the polyol are separately encapsulated. In some embodiments, the aldehyde and/or the polyol are co-encapsulated. In some embodiments, the aldehyde and/or the polyol are co-encapsulated with a non-aldehyde pheromone.
[0068] In some embodiments, the aldehyde is encapsulated with a material selected from the group consisting of synthetic polymers, polyureas, polyurethanes, polyacrylates, polyamides, polyvinyl alcohols, polyvinylpyrrolidones, semi-synthetic materials, modified celluloses, modified starch derivatives, natural materials, gum Arabic, agar agar, dextrins, alginic acid, alginic acid salts, biodegradable natural polymers, collagen, polysaccharides, starch, dextrin, waxes, chitosan, alginate, cellulose, gelatin, derivatives thereof, and combinations thereof.
[0069] In some embodiments, the polyol is encapsulated with a material selected from the group consisting of synthetic polymers, polyureas, polyurethanes, polyacrylates, polyamides, polyvinyl alcohols, polyvinylpyrrolidones, semi-synthetic materials, modified celluloses, modified starch derivatives, natural materials, gum Arabic, agar agar, dextrins, alginic acid, alginic acid salts, biodegradable natural polymers, collagen, polysaccharides, starch, dextrin, waxes, chitosan, alginate, cellulose, gelatin, derivatives thereof, and combinations thereof.
[0070] In many embodiments, the composition has an altered rate of evaporation of the aldehyde relative to the aldehyde alone. In some embodiments, the composition is storage stable. In some embodiments, the composition is storage stable under ambient conditions.
[0071] In some embodiments, the composition is a solid at temperatures less than about 35 °C. In some embodiments, the composition is a solid at temperatures less than about 36 °C. In some embodiments, the composition is a solid at temperatures less than about 37 °C. In some embodiments, the composition is a solid at temperatures less than about 38 °C. In some embodiments, the composition is a solid at temperatures less than about 39 °C. In some embodiments, the composition is a solid at temperatures less than about 40 °C. In some embodiments, the composition is a solid at temperatures less than about 41 °C. In some embodiments, the composition is a solid at temperatures less than about 42 °C. In some embodiments, the composition is a solid at temperatures less than about 43 °C. In some embodiments, the composition is a solid at temperatures less than about 44 °C. In some embodiments, the composition is a solid at temperatures less than about 45 °C.
[0072] Generally, compositions according to the present disclosure may be used according to any suitable purpose known in the art that facilitates the compositions described herein.
[0073] In many embodiments, methods according to the present disclosure alter a rate of evaporation of an aldehyde. In some embodiments, methods according to the present disclosure reduce a rate of evaporation of the aldehyde.
[0074] In some embodiments, described herein is a method for altering a rate of evaporation of an aldehyde, the method including contacting the aldehyde with a composition including a polyol including 2-20 carbon atoms; optionally a non-aldehyde pheromone; optionally a solvent; and optionally a stabilizer.
[0075] In some embodiments, the method reduces a rate of evaporation of the aldehyde.
[0076] In some embodiments, contacting the aldehyde with the composition comprises forming a mixture comprising the aldehyde and the composition.
[0077] In some embodiments, the polyol is present in the mixture in an amount of from about 1 wt% to about 99 wt%. In some embodiments, the polyol is present in the mixture in an amount of from about 1 wt% to about 85 wt%.
[0078] In some embodiments, the polyol is present in the mixture in an amount of at least about 1 wt%, at least about 2 wt%, at least about 3 wt%, at least about 4 wt%, at least about 5 wt%, at least about 6 wt%, at least about 7 wt%, at least about 8 wt%, at least about 9 wt%, at least about 10 wt%, at least about 11 wt%, at least about 12 wt%, at least about 13 wt%, at least about 14 wt%, at least about 15 wt%, at least about 16 wt%, at least about 17 wt%, at least about 18 wt%, at least about 19 wt%, at least about 20 wt%, at least about 21 wt%, at least about 22 wt%, at least about 23 wt%, at least about 24 wt%, at least about 25 wt%, at least about 26 wt%, at least about 27 wt%, at least about 28 wt%, at least about 29 wt%, at least about 30 wt%, at least about 31 wt%, at least about 32 wt%, at least about 33 wt%, at least about 34 wt%, at least about 35 wt%, at least about 36 wt%, at least about 37 wt%, at least about 38 wt%, at least about 39 wt%, at least about 40 wt%, at least about 41 wt%, at least about 42 wt%, at least about 43 wt%, at least about 44 wt%, at least about 45 wt%, at least about 46 wt%, at least about 47 wt%, at least about 48 wt%, at least about 49 wt%, at least about 50 wt%, at least about 51 wt%, at least about 52 wt%, at least about 53 wt%, at least about 54 wt%, at least about 55 wt%, at least about 56 wt%, at least about 57 wt%, at least about 58 wt%, at least about 59 wt%, at least about 60 wt%, at least about 61 wt%, at least about 62 wt%, at least about 63 wt%, at least about 64 wt%, at least about 65 wt%, at least about 66 wt%, at least about 67 wt%, at least about 68 wt%, at least about 69 wt%, at least about 70 wt%, at least about 71 wt%, at least about 72 wt%, at least about 73 wt%, at least about 74 wt%, at least about 75 wt%, at least about 76 wt%, at least about 77 wt%, at least about 78 wt%, at least about 79 wt%, at least about 80 wt%, at least about 81 wt%, at least about 82 wt%, at least about 83 wt%, at least about 84 wt%, at least about 85 wt%, at least about 86 wt%, at least about 87 wt%, at least about 88 wt%, at least about 89 wt%, at least about 90 wt%, at least about 91 wt%, at least about 92 wt%, at least about 93 wt%, at least about 94 wt%, at least about 95 wt%, at least about 96 wt%, at least about 97 wt%, or at least about 98 wt%.
[0079] In some embodiments, the polyol is present in the mixture in an amount of at most about 2 wt%, at most about 3 wt%, at most about 4 wt%, at most about 5 wt%, at most about 6 wt%, at most about 7 wt%, at most about 8 wt%, at most about 9 wt%, at most about 10 wt%, at most about 11 wt%, at most about 12 wt%, at most about 13 wt%, at most about 14 wt%, at most about 15 wt%, at most about 16 wt%, at most about 17 wt%, at most about 18 wt%, at most about 19 wt%, at most about 20 wt%, at most about 21 wt%, at most about 22 wt%, at most about 23 wt%, at most about 24 wt%, at most about 25 wt%, at most about 26 wt%, at most about 27 wt%, at most about 28 wt%, at most about 29 wt%, at most about 30 wt%, at most about 31 wt%, at most about 32 wt%, at most about 33 wt%, at most about 34 wt%, at most about 35 wt%, at most about 36 wt%, at most about 37 wt%, at most about 38 wt%, at most about 39 wt%, at most about 40 wt%, at most about 41 wt%, at most about 42 wt%, at most about 43 wt%, at most about 44 wt%, at most about 45 wt%, at most about 46 wt%, at most about 47 wt%, at most about 48 wt%, at most about 49 wt%, at most about 50 wt%, at most about 51 wt%, at most about 52 wt%, at most about 53 wt%, at most about 54 wt%, at most about 55 wt%, at most about 56 wt%, at most about 57 wt%, at most about 58 wt%, at most about 59 wt%, at most about 60 wt%, at most about 61 wt%, at most about 62 wt%, at most about 63 wt%, at most about 64 wt%, at most about 65 wt%, at most about 66 wt%, at most about 67 wt%, at most about 68 wt%, at most about 69 wt%, at most about 70 wt%, at most about 71 wt%, at most about 72 wt%, at most about 73 wt%, at most about 74 wt%, at most about 75 wt%, at most about 76 wt%, at most about 77 wt%, at most about 78 wt%, at most about 79 wt%, at most about 80 wt%, at most about 81 wt%, at most about 82 wt%, at most about 83 wt%, at most about 84 wt%, at most about 85 wt%, at most about 86 wt%, at most about 87 wt%, at most about 88 wt%, at most about 89 wt%, at most about 90 wt%, at most about 91 wt%, at most about 92 wt%, at most about 93 wt%, at most about 94 wt%, at most about 95 wt%, at most about 96 wt%, at most about 97 wt%, at most about 98 wt%, or at most about 99 wt%.
[0080] In some embodiments, the aldehyde is present in the mixture in an amount of from about 1 wt% to about 99 wt%. In some embodiments, the aldehyde is present in the mixture in an amount of from about 15 wt% to about 99 wt%. In some embodiments, the aldehyde is present in an amount of from about 5 wt% to about 30 wt%. In some embodiments, the aldehyde is present in an amount of from about 10 wt% to about 25 wt%.
[0081] In some embodiments, the aldehyde is present in the mixture in an amount of at least about 1 wt%, at least about 2 wt%, at least about 3 wt%, at least about 4 wt%, at least about 5 wt%, at least about 6 wt%, at least about 7 wt%, at least about 8 wt%, at least about 9 wt%, at least about 10 wt%, at least about 11 wt%, at least about 12 wt%, at least about 13 wt%, at least about 14 wt%, at least about 15 wt%, at least about 16 wt%, at least about 17 wt%, at least about 18 wt%, at least about 19 wt%, at least about 20 wt%, at least about 21 wt%, at least about 22 wt%, at least about 23 wt%, at least about 24 wt%, at least about 25 wt%, at least about 26 wt%, at least about 27 wt%, at least about 28 wt%, at least about 29 wt%, at least about 30 wt%, at least about 31 wt%, at least about 32 wt%, at least about 33 wt%, at least about 34 wt%, at least about 35 wt%, at least about 36 wt%, at least about 37 wt%, at least about 38 wt%, at least about 39 wt%, at least about 40 wt%, at least about 41 wt%, at least about 42 wt%, at least about 43 wt%, at least about 44 wt%, at least about 45 wt%, at least about 46 wt%, at least about 47 wt%, at least about 48 wt%, at least about 49 wt%, at least about 50 wt%, at least about 51 wt%, at least about 52 wt%, at least about 53 wt%, at least about 54 wt%, at least about 55 wt%, at least about 56 wt%, at least about 57 wt%, at least about 58 wt%, at least about 59 wt%, at least about 60 wt%, at least about 61 wt%, at least about 62 wt%, at least about 63 wt%, at least about 64 wt%, at least about 65 wt%, at least about 66 wt%, at least about 67 wt%, at least about 68 wt%, at least about 69 wt%, at least about 70 wt%, at least about 71 wt%, at least about 72 wt%, at least about 73 wt%, at least about 74 wt%, at least about 75 wt%, at least about 76 wt%, at least about 77 wt%, at least about 78 wt%, at least about 79 wt%, at least about 80 wt%, at least about 81 wt%, at least about 82 wt%, at least about 83 wt%, at least about 84 wt%, at least about 85 wt%, at least about 86 wt%, at least about 87 wt%, at least about 88 wt%, at least about 89 wt%, at least about 90 wt%, at least about 91 wt%, at least about 92 wt%, at least about 93 wt%, at least about 94 wt%, at least about 95 wt%, at least about 96 wt%, at least about 97 wt%, or at least about 98 wt%.
[0082] In some embodiments, the aldehyde is present in the mixture in an amount of at most about 2 wt%, at most about 3 wt%, at most about 4 wt%, at most about 5 wt%, at most about 6 wt%, at most about 7 wt%, at most about 8 wt%, at most about 9 wt%, at most about 10 wt%, at most about 11 wt%, at most about 12 wt%, at most about 13 wt%, at most about 14 wt%, at most about 15 wt%, at most about 16 wt%, at most about 17 wt%, at most about 18 wt%, at most about 19 wt%, at most about 20 wt%, at most about 21 wt%, at most about 22 wt%, at most about 23 wt%, at most about 24 wt%, at most about 25 wt%, at most about 26 wt%, at most about 27 wt%, at most about 28 wt%, at most about 29 wt%, at most about 30 wt%, at most about 31 wt%, at most about 32 wt%, at most about 33 wt%, at most about 34 wt%, at most about 35 wt%, at most about 36 wt%, at most about 37 wt%, at most about 38 wt%, at most about 39 wt%, at most about 40 wt%, at most about 41 wt%, at most about 42 wt%, at most about 43 wt%, at most about 44 wt%, at most about 45 wt%, at most about 46 wt%, at most about 47 wt%, at most about 48 wt%, at most about 49 wt%, at most about 50 wt%, at most about 51 wt%, at most about 52 wt%, at most about 53 wt%, at most about 54 wt%, at most about 55 wt%, at most about 56 wt%, at most about 57 wt%, at most about 58 wt%, at most about 59 wt%, at most about 60 wt%, at most about 61 wt%, at most about 62 wt%, at most about 63 wt%, at most about 64 wt%, at most about 65 wt%, at most about 66 wt%, at most about 67 wt%, at most about 68 wt%, at most about 69 wt%, at most about 70 wt%, at most about 71 wt%, at most about 72 wt%, at most about 73 wt%, at most about 74 wt%, at most about 75 wt%, at most about 76 wt%, at most about 77 wt%, at most about 78 wt%, at most about 79 wt%, at most about 80 wt%, at most about 81 wt%, at most about 82 wt%, at most about 83 wt%, at most about 84 wt%, at most about 85 wt%, at most about 86 wt%, at most about 87 wt%, at most about 88 wt%, at most about 89 wt%, at most about 90 wt%, at most about 91 wt%, at most about 92 wt%, at most about 93 wt%, at most about 94 wt%, at most about 95 wt%, at most about 96 wt%, at most about 97 wt%, at most about 98 wt%, or at most about 99 wt%.
[0083] In some embodiments, the aldehyde and the polyol are present in the mixture in a molar ratio in a range of from about 100: 1 to about 1: 1. In some embodiments, the aldehyde and the polyol are present in the mixture in a molar ratio of at least about 99: 1, at least about 98: 1, at least about 97:1, at least about 96: 1, at least about 95: 1, at least about 94: 1, at least about 93: 1, at least about 92: 1 , at least about 91 : 1 , at least about 90: 1 , at least about 89: 1 , at least about 88: 1 , at least about 87:1, at least about 86: 1, at least about 85: 1, at least about 84: 1, at least about 83: 1, at least about 82:1, at least about 81: 1, at least about 80: 1, at least about 79: 1, at least about 78: 1, at least about 77:1, at least about 76: 1, at least about 75: 1, at least about 74: 1, at least about 73: 1, at least about 72: 1 , at least about 71 : 1 , at least about 70: 1 , at least about 69: 1 , at least about 68: 1 , at least about 67:1, at least about 66: 1, at least about 65: 1, at least about 64: 1, at least about 63: 1, at least about 62:1, at least about 61: 1, at least about 60: 1, at least about 59: 1, at least about 58: 1, at least about 57:1, at least about 56: 1, at least about 55: 1, at least about 54: 1, at least about 53: 1, at least about 52: 1 , at least about 51 : 1 , at least about 50: 1 , at least about 49: 1 , at least about 48: 1 , at least about 47:1, at least about 46: 1, at least about 45: 1, at least about 44: 1, at least about 43: 1, at least about 42:1, at least about 41: 1, at least about 40: 1, at least about 39: 1, at least about 38: 1, at least about 37:1, at least about 36: 1, at least about 35: 1, at least about 34: 1, at least about 33: 1, at least about 32: 1 , at least about 31 : 1 , at least about 30: 1 , at least about 29: 1 , at least about 28: 1 , at least about 27:1, at least about 26: 1, at least about 25: 1, at least about 24: 1, at least about 23: 1, at least about 22: 1 , at least about 21 : 1 , at least about 20: 1 , at least about 19: 1 , at least about 18: 1 , at least about 17:1, at least about 16: 1, at least about 15: 1, at least about 14: 1, at least about 13: 1, at least about 12:1, at least about 11: 1, at least about 10: 1, at least about 9: 1, at least about 8: 1, at least about 7:1, at least about 6:1, at least about 5:1, at least about 4:1, at least about 3:1, at least about 2:1, or at least about 1:1.
[0084] In some embodiments, the aldehyde and the polyol are present in the mixture in a molar ratio of at most about 100:1, at most about 99:1, at most about 98:1, at most about 97:1, at most about 96:1, at most about 95:1, at most about 94:1, at most about 93:1, at most about 92:1, at most about 91:1, at most about 90:1, at most about 89:1, at most about 88:1, at most about 87:1, at most about 86:1, at most about 85:1, at most about 84:1, at most about 83:1, at most about 82:1, at most about 81:1, at most about 80:1, at most about 79:1, at most about 78:1, at most about 77:1, at most about 76:1, at most about 75:1, at most about 74:1, at most about 73:1, at most about 72:1, at most about 71:1, at most about 70:1, at most about 69:1, at most about 68:1, at most about 67:1, at most about 66:1, at most about 65:1, at most about 64:1, at most about 63:1, at most about 62:1, at most about 61:1, at most about 60:1, at most about 59:1, at most about 58:1, at most about 57:1, at most about 56:1, at most about 55:1, at most about 54:1, at most about 53:1, at most about 52:1, at most about 51:1, at most about 50:1, at most about 49:1, at most about 48:1, at most about 47:1, at most about 46:1, at most about 45:1, at most about 44:1, at most about 43:1, at most about 42:1, at most about 41:1, at most about 40:1, at most about 39:1, at most about 38:1, at most about 37:1, at most about 36:1, at most about 35:1, at most about 34:1, at most about 33:1, at most about 32:1, at most about 31 : 1 , at most about 30:1, at most about 29:1, at most about 28:1, at most about 27:1, at most about 26:1, at most about 25:1, at most about 24:1, at most about 23:1, at most about 22:1, at most about 21:1, at most about 20:1, at most about 19:1, at most about 18:1, at most about 17:1, at most about 16:1, at most about 15:1, at most about 14:1, at most about 13:1, at most about 12:1, at most about 11:1, at most about 10:1, at most about 9:1, at most about 8:1, at most about 7:1, at most about 6:1, at most about 5:1, at most about 4:1, at most about 3:1, or at most about 2:1.
[0085] In some embodiments, the polyol and the aldehyde are present in a molar ratio in a range of from about 500: 1 to about 1:1. In some embodiments, the polyol and the aldehyde are present in a molar ratio of at least about 475:1, at least about 450:1, at least about 425:1, at least about 400: 1, at least about 375: 1, at least about 350: 1, at least about 325: 1, at least about 300: 1, at least about 275:1, at least about 250:1, at least about 225:1, at least about 200:1, at least about 175:1, at least about 150:1, at least about 125:1, at least about 100:1, at least about 99:1, at least about 98: 1, at least about 97: 1, at least about 96: 1, at least about 95: 1, at least about 94: 1, at least about 93: 1, at least about 92: 1, at least about 91 : 1, at least about 90: 1, at least about 89: 1, at least about 88: 1, at least about 87: 1, at least about 86: 1, at least about 85: 1, at least about 84: 1, at least about 83: 1, at least about 82: 1, at least about 81 : 1, at least about 80: 1, at least about 79: 1, at least about 78: 1, at least about 77: 1, at least about 76: 1, at least about 75: 1, at least about 74: 1, at least about 73: 1, at least about 72: 1, at least about 71 : 1, at least about 70: 1, at least about 69: 1, at least about 68: 1, at least about 67: 1, at least about 66: 1, at least about 65: 1, at least about 64: 1, at least about 63: 1, at least about 62: 1, at least about 61 : 1, at least about 60: 1, at least about 59: 1, at least about 58: 1, at least about 57: 1, at least about 56: 1, at least about 55: 1, at least about 54: 1, at least about 53: 1, at least about 52: 1, at least about 51 : 1, at least about 50: 1, at least about 49: 1, at least about 48: 1, at least about 47: 1, at least about 46: 1, at least about 45: 1, at least about 44: 1, at least about 43: 1, at least about 42: 1, at least about 41 : 1, at least about 40: 1, at least about 39: 1, at least about 38: 1, at least about 37: 1, at least about 36: 1, at least about 35: 1, at least about 34: 1, at least about 33: 1, at least about 32: 1, at least about 31: 1, at least about 30: 1, at least about 29: 1, at least about 28: 1, at least about 27: 1, at least about 26: 1, at least about 25: 1, at least about 24: 1, at least about 23: 1, at least about 22: 1, at least about 21 : 1, at least about 20: 1, at least about 19: 1, at least about 18: 1, at least about 17: 1, at least about 16: 1, at least about 15: 1, at least about 14: 1, at least about 13:1, at least about 12: 1, at least about 11: 1, at least about 10: 1, at least about 9: 1, at least about 8:1, at least about 7: 1, at least about 6:1, at least about 5: 1, at least about 4: 1, at least about 3 : 1 , at least about 2: 1, or at least about 1 :1.
[0086] In some embodiments, the polyol and the aldehyde are present in a molar ratio of at most about 500: 1. In some embodiments, the polyol and the aldehyde are present in a molar ratio of at most about 475 : 1 , at most about 450: 1 , at most about 425 : 1 , at most about 400: 1 , at most about 375: 1, at most about 350:1, at most about 325:1, at most about 300: 1, at most about 275:1, at most about 250: 1 , at most about 225 : 1 , at most about 200: 1 , at most about 175 : 1 , at most about 150:1, at most about 125: 1, at most about 100: 1, at most about 99: 1, at most about 98: 1, at most about 97:1, at most about 96:1, at most about 95: 1, at most about 94: 1, at most about 93: 1, at most about 92: 1 , at most about 91 : 1 , at most about 90: 1 , at most about 89: 1 , at most about 88: 1 , at most about 87:1, at most about 86:1, at most about 85: 1, at most about 84: 1, at most about 83: 1, at most about 82:1, at most about 81 :1, at most about 80: 1, at most about 79: 1, at most about 78: 1, at most about 77:1, at most about 76:1, at most about 75: 1, at most about 74: 1, at most about 73: 1, at most about 72: 1 , at most about 71 : 1 , at most about 70: 1 , at most about 69: 1 , at most about 68: 1 , at most about 67:1, at most about 66:1, at most about 65: 1, at most about 64: 1, at most about 63: 1, at most about 62: 1 , at most about 61 : 1 , at most about 60: 1 , at most about 59: 1 , at most about 58: 1 , at most about 57:1, at most about 56:1, at most about 55: 1, at most about 54: 1, at most about 53: 1, at most about 52: 1 , at most about 51 : 1 , at most about 50: 1 , at most about 49: 1 , at most about 48: 1 , at most about 47:1, at most about 46:1, at most about 45: 1, at most about 44: 1, at most about 43: 1, at most about 42:1, at most about 41 :1, at most about 40: 1, at most about 39: l, at most about 38: l, at most about 37:l, at most about 36:1, at most about 35: l, at most about 34: 1, at most about 33: l, at most about 32: 1 , at most about 31 : 1 , at most about 30: 1 , at most about 29: 1 , at most about 28: 1 , at most about 27:1, at most about 26:1, at most about 25: 1, at most about 24: l, at most about 23: 1, at most about 22: 1 , at most about 21 : 1 , at most about 20: 1 , at most about 19: 1 , at most about 18: 1 , at most about 17:1, at most about 16:1, at most about 15: 1, at most about 14: 1, at most about 13: 1, at most about 12:1, at most about 11:1, at most about 10:1, at most about 9: 1, at most about 8: 1, at most about 7:1, at most about 6:1, at most about 5: 1, at most about 4: 1, at most about 3: 1, or at most about 2: 1.
[0087] In some embodiments, the method further includes shaping the mixture with a technique selected from the group consisting of tableting, briquetting, extruding, granulation casting, and combinations thereof.
[0088] In some embodiments, the method further includes coating the mixture with a polymer.
[0089] In some embodiments, described herein is a method for controlling a pest comprising contacting the pest or its environment with a biologically effective amount of a composition including an aldehyde; a polyol comprising 2-20 carbon atoms; optionally a nonaldehyde pheromone; optionally a solvent; and optionally a stabilizer.
[0090] In some embodiments, the aldehyde and polyol are present in the form of an aldehyde-polyol adduct. In some embodiments, the aldehyde and polyol are present in the form of an aldehyde-diol adduct. In some embodiments, the aldehyde-polyol adduct may be used as a carrier for fatty molecules.
[0091] Compositions of this disclosure are useful for controlling a wide spectrum of invertebrate pests. These pests include invertebrates inhabiting a variety of environments such as, for example, plant foliage, roots, soil, harvested crops or other foodstuffs, building structures or animal integuments. These pests include, for example, invertebrates feeding on foliage (including leaves, stems, flowers and fruits), seeds, wood, textile fibers or animal blood or tissues, and thereby causing injury or damage to, for example, growing or stored agronomic crops, forests, greenhouse crops, ornamentals, nursery crops, stored foodstuffs or fiber products, or houses or other structures or their contents, or being harmful to animal health or public health. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that not all compositions are equally effective against all growth stages of all pests.
[0092] These present compositions are thus useful agronomically for protecting field crops from phytophagous invertebrate pests, and also nonagronomically for protecting other horticultural crops and plants from phytophagous invertebrate pests. This utility includes protecting crops and other plants (i.e. both agronomic and nonagronomic) that contain genetic material introduced by genetic engineering (i.e. transgenic) or modified by mutagenesis to provide advantageous traits. Examples of such traits include tolerance to herbicides, resistance to phytophagous pests (e.g., insects, mites, aphids, spiders, nematodes, snails, plant-pathogenic fungi, bacteria and viruses), improved plant growth, increased tolerance of adverse growing conditions such as high or low temperatures, low or high soil moisture, and high salinity, increased flowering or fruiting, greater harvest yields, more rapid maturation, higher quality and/or nutritional value of the harvested product, or improved storage or process properties of the harvested products. Transgenic plants can be modified to express multiple traits. Examples of plants containing traits provided by genetic engineering or mutagenesis include varieties of corn, cotton, soybean and potato expressing an insecticidal Bacillus thuringiensis toxin such as YIELD GARD®, KNOCKOUT®, STARLINK®, BOLLGARD®, NuCOTN® and NEWLEAF®, INVICTA RR2 PRO™, and herbicide-tolerant varieties of corn, cotton, soybean and rapeseed such as ROUNDUP READY®, LIBERTY LINK®, IMI®, STS® and CLEARFIELD®, as well as crops expressing N- acetyltransferase (GAT) to provide resistance to glyphosate herbicide, or crops containing the HRA gene providing resistance to herbicides inhibiting acetolactate synthase (ALS). The present compositions may exhibit enhanced effects with traits introduced by genetic engineering or modified by mutagenesis, thus enhancing phenotypic expression or effectiveness of the traits or increasing the invertebrate pest control effectiveness of the present compounds and compositions. In particular, the present compositions may exhibit enhanced effects with the phenotypic expression of proteins or other natural products toxic to invertebrate pests to provide greater-than- additive control of these pests.
[0093] Compositions of this disclosure can also optionally comprise plant nutrients, e.g., a fertilizer composition comprising at least one plant nutrient selected from nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur, calcium, magnesium, iron, copper, boron, manganese, zinc, and molybdenum. Of note are compositions comprising at least one fertilizer composition comprising at least one plant nutrient selected from nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur, calcium and magnesium. Compositions of the present disclosure which further comprise at least one plant nutrient can be in the form of liquids or solids. Of note are solid formulations in the form of granules, small sticks or tablets. Solid formulations comprising a fertilizer composition can be prepared by mixing the composition of the present disclosure with the fertilizer composition together with formulating ingredients and then preparing the formulation by methods such as granulation or extrusion. Alternatively solid formulations can be prepared by spraying a solution or suspension of a composition of the present disclosure in a volatile solvent onto a previous prepared fertilizer composition in the form of dimensionally stable mixtures, e.g., granules, small sticks or tablets, and then evaporating the solvent.
[0094] Nonagronomic uses refer to invertebrate pest control in the areas other than fields of crop plants. Nonagronomic uses of the present compositions include control of invertebrate pests in stored grains, beans and other foodstuffs, and in textiles such as clothing and carpets. Nonagronomic uses of the present compositions also include invertebrate pest control in ornamental plants, forests, in yards, along roadsides and railroad rights of way, and on turf such as lawns, golf courses and pastures. Nonagronomic uses of the present compositions also include invertebrate pest control in houses and other buildings which may be occupied by humans and/or companion, farm, ranch, zoo or other animals. Nonagronomic uses of the present compositions also include the control of pests such as termites that can damage wood or other structural materials used in buildings.
[0095] Nonagronomic uses of the present compositions also include protecting human and animal health by controlling invertebrate pests that are parasitic or transmit infectious diseases. The controlling of animal parasites includes controlling external parasites that are parasitic to the surface of the body of the host animal (e.g., shoulders, armpits, abdomen, inner part of the thighs) and internal parasites that are parasitic to the inside of the body of the host animal (e.g., stomach, intestine, lung, veins, under the skin, lymphatic tissue). External parasitic or disease transmitting pests include, for example, chiggers, ticks, lice, mosquitoes, flies, mites and fleas. Internal parasites include heartworms, hookworms and helminths. Compositions of the present disclosure are suitable for systemic and/or non-systemic control of infestation or infection by parasites on animals. Compositions of the present disclosure are suitable for combating external parasitic or disease transmitting pests. Compositions of the present disclosure are suitable for combating parasites that infest agricultural working animals, such as cattle, sheep, goats, horses, pigs, donkeys, camels, buffalos, rabbits, hens, turkeys, ducks, geese and bees; pet animals and domestic animals such as dogs, cats, pet birds and aquarium fish; as well as so-called experimental animals, such as hamsters, guinea pigs, rats and mice. By combating these parasites, fatalities and performance reduction (in terms of meat, milk, wool, skins, eggs, honey, etc.) are reduced, so that applying a composition of the present disclosure allows more economic and simple husbandry of animals.
[0096] Examples of agronomic or nonagronomic invertebrate pests include eggs, larvae and adults of the order Lepidoptera, such as army worms, cutworms, loopers, and heliothines in the family Noctuidae (e.g., pink stem borer (Sesamia inferens Walker), corn stalk borer (Sesamia nonagrioides Lefebvre), southern armyworm (Spodoptera eridania Cramer), fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda J. E. Smith), beet armyworm (Spodoptera exigua Hiibner), cotton leafworm (Spodoptera littoralis Boisduval), yellowstriped armyworm (Spodoptera omithogalli Guenee), black cutworm (Agrotis ipsilon Hufnagel), velvetbean caterpillar (Anlicarsia gemmatalis Hiibner), green fruitworm (Lithophane antennata Walker), cabbage armyworm (Barathra brassicae Linnaeus), soybean looper (Pseudoplusia includens Walker), cabbage looper (Trichoplusia ni Hiibner), tobacco budworm (Heliothis virescens Fabricius)); borers, casebearers, webworms, coneworms, cabbageworms and skeletonizers from the family Pyralidae (e.g., European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis Hiibner), navel orangeworm (Amyelois transitella Walker), corn root webworm (Crambus caliginosellus Clemens), sod webworms (Pyralidae: Crambi ae) such as sod worm (Herpetogramma licarsisalis Walker), sugarcane stem borer (Chilo infuscatellus Snellen), tomato small borer (Neoleucinodes elegantalis Guenee), green leafroller (Cnaphalocrocis medinalis Guenee), grape leaffolder (Desmia fimeralis Hiibner), pickleworm (Diaphania nitidalis Stoll), cabbage center grub (Hellula hydralis Guenee), yellow stem borer (Scirpophaga incertulas Walker), white stem borer (Scirpophaga innotata Walker), top shoot borer (Scirpophaga nivella Fabricius), dark-headed rice borer (Chilo polychrysus Meyrick), striped riceborer (Chilo suppressalis Walker), cabbage cluster caterpillar (Crocidolomia binotalis Zeller)); leafrollers, budworms, seed worms, and fruit worms in the family Tortricidae (e.g., codling moth (Cydia pomonella Linnaeus), grape berry moth (Paralobesia viteana Clemens), oriental fruit moth (Grapholita molesta Busck), citrus false codling moth (Cryptophlebia leucotreta Meyrick), citrus borer (Gymnandrosoma aurantianum Lima), redbanded leafroller (Argyrotaenia velutinana Walker), obliquebanded leafroller (Choristoneura rosaceana Harris), light brown apple moth (Epiphyas postvittana Walker), European grape berry moth (Eupoecilia ambiguella Hiibner), apple bud moth (Pandemis pyrusana Kearfott), omnivorous leafroller (Platynota stultana Walsingham), barred fruit-tree tortrix (Pandemis cerasana Hiibner), apple brown tortrix (Pandemis heparana Denis & Schiffermtiller)); and many other economically important lepidoptera (e.g., diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella Linnaeus), pink bollworm (Pectinophora gossypiella Saunders), gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar Linnaeus), peach fruit borer (Carposina niponensis Walsingham), peach twig borer (Anarsia lineatella Zeller), potato tuberworm (Phthorimaea operculella Zeller), spotted teniform leafminer (Phyllonorycter blancardella Fabricius), Asiatic apple leafminer (Lithocolletis ringoniella Matsumura), rice leaffolder (Lerodea eufala Edwards), apple leafminer (Leucoptera scitella Zeller)); eggs, nymphs and adults of the order Blattodea including cockroaches from the families Blattellidae and Blattidae (e.g., oriental cockroach (Blatta orientalis Linnaeus), Asian cockroach (Blatella asahinai Mizukubo), German cockroach (Blattella germanica Linnaeus), brownbanded cockroach (Supella longipalpa Fabricius), American cockroach (Periplaneta americana Linnaeus), brown cockroach (Periplaneta brunnea Burmeister), Madeira cockroach (Leucophaea maderae Fabricius)), smoky brown cockroach (Periplaneta fuliginosa Serville), Australian Cockroach (Periplaneta australasiae Fabr.), lobster cockroach (Nauphoeta cinerea Olivier) and smooth cockroach (Symploce pallens Stephens)); eggs, foliar feeding, fruit feeding, root feeding, seed feeding and vesicular tissue feeding larvae and adults of the order Coleoptera including weevils from the families Anthribidae, Bruchidae, and Curculionidae (e.g., boll weevil (Anthonomus grandis Boheman), rice water weevil (Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus Kuschel), granary weevil (Sitophilus granarius Linnaeus), rice weevil (Sitophilus oryzae Linnaeus)), annual bluegrass weevil (Listronotus maculicollis Dietz), bluegrass billbug (Sphenophorus parvulus Gyllenhal), hunting billbug (Sphenophorus venatus vestitus Chittenden), Rocky Mountain billbug (Sphenophorus cicatristriatus Fahraeus)); flea beetles, cucumber beetles, rootworms, leaf beetles, potato beetles, and leafminers in the family Chrysomelidae (e.g., Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say), western corn rootworm (Diabrotica virgifera LeConte)); chafers and other beetles from the family Scarabaeidae (e.g., Japanese beetle (Popillia japonica Newman), oriental beetle (Anomala orientalis Waterhouse, northern masked chafer (Cyclocephala borealis Arrow), southern masked chafer (Cyclocephala immaculata Olivier or C. lurida Bland), dung beetle and white grub (Aphodius spp.), black turfgrass ataenius (Ataenius spretulus Haldeman), green June beetle (Cotinis nitida Linnaeus), Asiatic garden beetle (Maladera castanea Arrow), May/June beetles (Phyllophaga spp.) and European chafer (Rhizotrogus majalis Razoumowsky)); carpet beetles from the family Dermestidae; wireworms from the family Elateridae; bark beetles from the family Scolytidae and flour beetles from the family Tenebrionidae.
[0097] In addition, agronomic and nonagronomic pests include: eggs, adults and larvae of the order Dermaptera including earwigs from the family Forficulidae (e.g., European earwig (Forficula auricularia Linnaeus), black earwig (Chelisoches morio Fabricius)); eggs, immatures, adults and nymphs of the order Hemiptera such as, plant bugs from the family Miridae, cicadas from the family Cicadidae, leafhoppers (e.g. Empoasca spp.) from the family Cicadellidae, bed bugs (e.g., Cimex lectularius Linnaeus) from the family Cimicidae, planthoppers from the families Fulgoridae and Delphacidae, treehoppers from the family Membracidae, psyllids from the families Liviidae, Psyllidae, and Triozidae, whiteflies from the family Aleyrodidae, aphids from the family Aphididae, phylloxera from the family Phylloxeridae, mealybugs from the family Pseudococcidae, scales from the families Coccidae, Diaspididae and Margarodidae, lace bugs from the family Tingidae, stink bugs from the family Pentatomidae, chinch bugs (e.g., hairy chinch bug (Blissus leucopterus hirtus Montandon) and southern chinch bug (Blissus insularis Barber)) and other seed bugs from the family Lygaeidae, spittlebugs from the family Cercopidae squash bugs from the family Coreidae, and red bugs and cotton Stainers from the family Pyrrhocoridae.
[0098] Agronomic and nonagronomic pests also include : eggs, larvae, nymphs and adults of the order Acari (mites) such as spider mites and red mites in the family Tetranychidae (e.g., European red mite (Panonychus ulmi Koch), twospotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch), McDaniel spider mite (Tetranychus mcdanieli McGregor)); flat mites in the family Tenuipalpidae (e.g., citrus flat mite (Brevipalpus lewisi McGregor)); rust and bud mites in the family Eriophyidae and other foliar feeding mites and mites important in human and animal health, i.e. dust mites in the family Epidermoptidae, follicle mites in the family Demodeci dae, grain mites in the family Glycyphagidae; ticks in the family Ixodidae, commonly known as hard ticks (e.g., deer tick (Ixodes scapularis Say), Australian paralysis tick (Ixodes holocyclus Neumann), American dog tick (Dermacentor variabilis Say), lone star tick (Amblyomma americanum Linnaeus)) and ticks in the family Argasidae, commonly known as soft ticks (e.g., relapsing fever tick (Omithodoros turicata Duges), common fowl tick (Argas radiatus Raillet)); scab and itch mites in the families Psoroptidae, Pyemotidae, and Sarcoptidae; eggs, adults and immatures of the order Orthoptera including grasshoppers, locusts and crickets (e.g., migratory grasshoppers (e.g., Melanoplus sanguinipes Fabricius, M. differentialis Thomas), American grasshoppers (e.g., Schistocerca americana Drury), desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria Forsskal), migratory locust (Locusta migratoria Linnaeus), bush locust (Zonocerus spp.), house cricket (Acheta domesticus Linnaeus), mole crickets (e.g., tawny mole cricket (Scapteriscus vicinus Scudder) and southern mole cricket (Scapteriscus borellii Giglio-Tos)); eggs, adults and immatures of the order Diptera including leafminers (e.g., Liriomyza spp. such as serpentine vegetable leafminer (Liriomyza sativae Blanchard)), midges, fruit flies (Tephritidae), frit flies (e.g., Oscinella frit Linnaeus), soil maggots, house flies (e.g., Musca domestica Linnaeus), lesser house flies (e.g., Fannia canicularis Linnaeus, F. femoralis Stein), stable flies (e.g., Stomoxys calcitrans Linnaeus), face flies, horn flies, blow flies (e.g., Chrysomya spp., Phormia spp.), and other muscoid fly pests, horse flies (e.g., Tabanus spp.), bot flies (e.g., Gasterophilus spp., Oestrus spp.), cattle grubs (e.g., Hypoderma spp.), deer flies (e.g., Chrysops spp.), keds (e.g., Melophagus ovinus Linnaeus) and other Brachycera, mosquitoes (e.g., Aedes spp., Anopheles spp., Culex spp.), black flies (e.g., Prosimulium spp., Simulium spp.), biting midges, sand flies, sciarids, and other Nematocera; eggs, adults and immatures of the order Thysanoptera including onion thrips Thrips tabaci Lindeman), flower thrips (Frankliniella spp.), and other foliar feeding thrips; insect pests of the order Hymenoptera including ants of the Family Formicidae including the Florida carpenter ant (Camponotus floridanus Buckley), red carpenter ant (Camponotus ferrugineus Fabricius), black carpenter ant (Camponotus pennsylvanicus De Geer), white-footed ant (Technomyrmex albipes F. Smith), big headed ants (Pheidole sp.), ghost ant (Tapinoma melanocephalum Fabricius); Pharaoh ant (Monomorium pharaonis Linnaeus), little fire ant (Wasmannia auropunctata Roger), fire ant (Solenopsis geminata Fabricius), red imported fire ant (Solenopsis invicta Buren), Argentine ant (Iridomyrmex humilis Mayr), crazy ant (Paratrechina longicornis Latreille), pavement ant (Tetramorium caespitum Linnaeus), cornfield ant (Lasius alienus Forster) and odorous house ant (Tapinoma sessile Say). Other Hymenoptera including bees (including carpenter bees), hornets, yellow jackets, wasps, and sawflies (Neodiprion spp.; Ceph s spp.); insect pests of the order Isoptera including termites in the Termitidae (e.g., Macrotermes sp., Odontotermes obesus Rambur), Kalotermitidae (e.g., Cryptotermes sp.), and Rhinotermitidae (e.g., Reticulitermes sp., Coptotermes sp., Heterotermes tenuis Hagen) families, the eastern subterranean termite (Reticulitermes flavipes Kollar), western subterranean termite (Reticulitermes hesperus Banks), Formosan subterranean termite (Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki), West Indian drywood termite (Incisitermes immigrans Snyder), powder post termite (Cryptotermes brevis Walker), drywood termite (Incisitermes snyderi Light), southeastern subterranean termite (Reticulitermes virginicus Banks), western drywood termite (Incisitermes minor Hagen), arboreal termites such as Nasutitermes sp. and other termites of economic importance; insect pests of the order Thysanura such as silverfish (Lepisma saccharina Linnaeus) and firebrat (Thermobia domestica Packard); insect pests of the orders Mallophaga and Phthiraptera, and including the head louse (Pediculus humanus capitis De Geer), body louse (Pediculus humanus Linnaeus), chicken body louse (Menacanthus stramineus Nitzsch), dog biting louse (Trichodectes canis De Geer), fluff louse (Goniocotes gallinae De Geer), sheep body louse (Bovicola ovis Schrank), short-nosed cattle louse (Haematopinus eurystemus Nitzsch), long-nosed cattle louse (Linognathus vituli Linnaeus) and other sucking and chewing parasitic lice that attack man and animals; insect pests of the order Siphonoptera including the oriental rat flea (Xenopsylla cheopis Rothschild), cat flea (Ctenocephalides felis Bouche), dog flea (Ctenocephalides canis Curtis), hen flea (Ceratophyllus gallinae Schrank), sticktight flea (Echidnophaga gallinacea Westwood), human flea (Pulex irritans Linnaeus) and other fleas afflicting mammals and birds. Additional arthropod pests covered include: spiders in the order Araneae such as the brown recluse spider (Loxosceles reclusa Gertsch & Mulaik) and the black widow spider (Latrodectus mactans Fabricius), and centipedes in the order Scutigeromorpha such as the house centipede (Scutigera coleoptrata Linnaeus).
[0099] Examples of invertebrate pests of stored grain include larger grain borer (Prostephanus truncatus Horn), lesser grain borer (Rhyzopertha dominica Fabricius), rice weevil (Sitophilus oryzae Linnaeus), maize weevil (Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky), cowpea weevil (Callosobruchus maculatus Fabricius), red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum Herbst), granary weevil (Sitophilus granarius Linnaeus), Indian meal moth (Plodia interpunctella Hiibner), Mediterranean flour beetle (Ephestia kuehniella Zeller) and flat or rusty grain beetle (Cryptolestes ferrugineus Stephens).
[0100] Compositions of the present disclosure may be useful to control members of the Classes Nematoda, Cestoda, Trematoda, and Acanthocephala including economically important members of the orders Strongylida, Ascaridida, Oxyurida, Rhabditida, Spirurida, and Enoplida such as but not limited to economically important agricultural pests (i.e. root knot nematodes in the genus Meloidogyne, lesion nematodes in the genus Pratylenchus , stubby root nematodes in the genus Trichodorus, etc.) and animal and human health pests (i.e. all economically important flukes, tapeworms, and roundworms, such as Strongylus vulgaris in horses, Toxocara canis in dogs, Haemonchus contortus in sheep, Dirofilaria immitis Leidy in dogs, Anoplocephala perfoliata in horses, Fasciola hepatica Linnaeus in ruminants, etc.).
[0101] Compositions of the disclosure may be useful to control pests in the order Lepidoptera (e.g., Alabama argillacea Hiibner (cotton leaf worm), Archips argyrospila Walker (fruit tree leaf roller), A. rosana Linnaeus (European leaf roller) and other Archips species, Chilo suppressalis Walker (rice stem borer), Cnaphalocrocis medinalis Guenee (rice leaf roller), Crambus caliginosellus Clemens (corn root webworm), Crambus teterrellus Zincken (bluegrass webworm), Cydia pomonella Linnaeus (codling moth), Earias insulana Boisduval (spiny bollworm), Earias vittella Fabricius (spotted bollworm), Helicoverpa armigera Hiibner (Old World bollworm), Helicoverpa zea Boddie (corn earworm), Heliothis virescens Fabricius (tobacco budworm), Herpetogramma licarsisalis Walker (sod webworm), Lobesia botrana Denis & Schiff erm ill I er (grape berry moth), Pectinophora gossypiella Saunders (pink bollworm), Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton (citrus leafminer), Pieris brassicae Linnaeus (large white butterfly), Pieris rapae Linnaeus (small white butterfly), Plutella xylostella Linnaeus (diamondback moth), Spodoptera exigua Hiibner (beet armyworm), Spodoptera litura Fabricius (tobacco cutworm, cluster caterpillar), Spodoptera frugiperda J. E. Smith (fall armyworm), Trichoplusia ni Hiibner (cabbage looper) and Tuta absoluta Meyrick (tomato leafminer)).
[0102] Compositions of the disclosure may be useful to control members from the order Hemiptera including: Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris (pea aphid), Aphis craccivora Koch (cowpea aphid), Aphis fabae Scopoli (black bean aphid), Aphis gossypii Glover (cotton aphid, melon aphid), Aphis pomi De Geer (apple aphid), Aphis spiraecola Patch (spirea aphid), Aulacorthum solani Kaltenbach (foxglove aphid), Chaetosiphon fragaefolii Cockerell (strawberry aphid), Diuraphis noxia Kurdjumov/Mordvilko (Russian wheat aphid), Dysaphis plantaginea Passerini (rosy apple aphid), Eriosoma lanigerum Hausmann (woolly apple aphid), Hyalopterus pruni Geoffrey (mealy plum aphid), Lipaphis pseudobrassicae Davis (turnip aphid), Metopolophium dirrhodum Walker (rose-grain aphid), Macrosiphum euphorbiae Thomas (potato aphid), Myzus persicae Sulzer (peach-potato aphid, green peach aphid), Nasonovia ribisnigri Mosley (lettuce aphid), Pemphigus spp. (root aphids and gall aphids), Rhopalosiphum maidis Fitch (corn leaf aphid), Rhopalosiphum padi Linnaeus (bird cherry-oat aphid), Schizaphis graminum Rondani (greenbug), Sitobion avenae Fabricius (English grain aphid), Therioaphis maculata Buckton (spotted alfalfa aphid), Toxoptera aurantii Boyer de Fonscolombe (black citrus aphid), and Toxoptera citricidus Kirkaldy (brown citrus aphid); Adelges spp. (adelgids); Phylloxera devastatrix Pergande (pecan phylloxera); Bemisia tabaci Gennadius (tobacco whitefly, sweetpotato whitefly), Bemisia argentifolii Bellows & Perring (silverleaf whitefly), Dialeurodes citri Ashmead (citrus whitefly) and Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood (greenhouse whitefly); Empoasca fabae Harris (potato leafhopper), Laodelphax striatellus Fallen (smaller brown planthopper), Macrosteles quadrilineatus Forbes (aster leafhopper), Nephotettix cincticeps Uhler (green rice leafhopper), Nephotettix nigropictus Stal (rice leafhopper), Nilaparvata lugens Stal (brown planthopper), Peregrinus maidis Ashmead (corn planthopper), Sogatella furcifera Horvath (white-backed planthopper), Tagosodes orizicolus Muir (rice delphacid), Typhlocyba pomaria McAtee (white apple leafhopper), Erythroneura spp. (grape leafhoppers); Magicidada septendecim Linnaeus (periodical cicada); Icerya purchasi Maskell (cottony cushion scale), Quadraspidiotus perniciosus Comstock (San Jose scale); Pianococcus citri Risso (citrus mealybug); Pseudococcus spp. (other mealybug complex); Cacopsylla pyricola Foerster (pear psylla), Trioza diospyri Ashmead (persimmon psylla).
[0103] Compositions of this disclosure may be useful to control members from the order Hemiptera including: Acrostemum hilare Say (green stink bug), Anasa tristis De Geer (squash bug), Blissus leucopterus leucopterus Say (chinch bug), Cimex lectularius Linnaeus (bed bug) Corythucha gossypii Fabricius (cotton lace bug), Cyrtopeltis modesta Distant (tomato bug), Dysdercus suturellus Herrich- Schaffer (cotton stainer), Euschistus servus Say (brown stink bug), Euschistus variolarius Palisot de Beauvois (one-spotted stink bug), Graptostethus spp. (complex of seed bugs), Halyomorpha halys Stal (brown marmorated stink bug), Leptoglossus corculus Say (leaf-footed pine seed bug), Lygus lineolaris Palisot de Beauvois (tarnished plant bug), Nezara viridula Linnaeus (southern green stink bug), Oebalus pugnax Fabricius (rice stink bug), Oncopeltus fasciatus Dallas (large milkweed bug), Pseudatomoscelis seriatus Reuter (cotton fleahopper). Other insect orders controlled by compositions of the disclosure include Thysanoptera (e.g., Frankliniella occidentalis Pergande (western flower thrips), Scirtothrips citri Moulton (citrus thrips), Scirtothrips variabilis Beach (soybean thrips), and Thrips tabaci Lindeman (onion thrips); and the order Coleoptera (e.g. , Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say (Colorado potato beetle), Epilachna varivestis Mulsant (Mexican bean beetle) and wireworms of the genera Agriotes, Athous or Limonius).
[0104] In some embodiments, the pest is selected from the group consisting of invertebrate pests, insects, arthropods, and combinations thereof.
[0105] In some embodiments, the environment is selected from the group consisting of agricultural fields, orchards, forests, and combinations thereof. [0106] The composition embodiments of this disclosure may be combined with the method embodiments of this disclosure in any manner. Similarly, the method embodiments of this disclosure may be combined in any manner. The following embodiments are, therefore, to be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting of the disclosure in any way whatsoever.
[0107] Aspects of the present disclosure are provided by the subject matter of the following clauses:
[0108] 1. A composition comprising: an aldehyde; a polyol comprising 2-20 carbon atoms; optionally a non-aldehyde pheromone; optionally a solvent; and optionally a stabilizer.
[0109] 2. The composition of the preceding clause, wherein the polyol is selected from the group consisting of terminal diols, linear diols, linear terminal diols, non-aqueous diols, glycols, diglycols, diethylene glycol, triglycols, triethylene glycol, linear polyols, C2 polyols, C3 polyols, C4 polyols, C5 polyols, Ce polyols, C7 polyols, Cs polyols, C9 polyols, C10 polyols, C11 polyols, C12 polyols, C13 polyols, C14 polyols, C15 polyols, Ci6 polyols, C17 polyols, Cis polyols, C19 polyols, C20 polyols, and combinations thereof.
[0110] 3. The composition of any of the preceding clauses, wherein the polyol comprises a linear polyol.
[0111] 4. The composition of any of the preceding clauses, wherein the polyol has a molecular weight of at least 95 g/mol.
[0112] 5. The composition of any of the preceding clauses, wherein the polyol is a diol. [0113] 6. The composition of any of the preceding clauses, wherein the diol is a terminal diol.
[0114] 7. The composition of any of the preceding clauses, wherein the polyol is a compound of formula (I), wherein: a is an integer from 0 to 2; b is an integer from 1 to 12; c is an integer from 0 to 12; each Ri, R2, R3, R4, R5, and Re are independently selected from the group consisting of H and C1-3 alkyl; and the sum of a, b and c is at least 2.
[0115] 8. The composition of the preceding clause, wherein: a and c are each 0; b is from 2 to 12; and each R3 and R4 are H. [0116] 9. The composition of any of the preceding clauses, wherein the polyol is selected from the group consisting of erythritol, 1,5 -pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,7-heptanediol, 1,8- octanediol, 1,9-nonanediol, 1,10-decanediol, 1,12-dodecanediol, and combinations thereof.
[0117] 10. The composition of any of the preceding clauses, wherein the polyol is present in an amount of from about 1 wt% to about 99 wt%.
[0118] 11. The composition of any of the preceding clauses, wherein the aldehyde is selected from the group consisting of Ci aldehydes, C2 aldehydes, C3 aldehydes, C4 aldehydes, C5 aldehydes, Ce aldehydes, C7 aldehydes, Cs aldehydes, C9 aldehydes, C10 aldehydes, Cn aldehydes, C12 aldehydes, C13 aldehydes, C14 aldehydes, C15 aldehydes, Ci6 aldehydes, C17 aldehydes, Cis aldehydes, C19 aldehydes, C20 aldehydes, and combinations thereof.
[0119] 12. The composition of any of the preceding clauses, wherein the aldehyde is unsaturated and comprises at least one carbon-carbon double bond.
[0120] 13. The composition of any of the preceding clauses, wherein the aldehyde is a pheromone.
[0121] 14. The composition of any of the preceding clauses, wherein the aldehyde is selected from the group consisting of Formaldehyde; 2,2-Dibromoacetaldehyde; Acetaldehyde; 2- Methyl-2-propenal; 2-Methylpropanal; 2-Propenal; 3,3-Dibromo-2-propenal; Propanal; 2- Butenal; 2-Methyl-2-butenal; 2-Methylbutanal; 2-Methylenebutanal; 3-Methyl-2-butenal; 3- Methyl-3-butenal; 3 -Methylbutanal; Butanal; (E)-2-Pentenal; 2-Methylenepentanal; 2-Pentenal; 3 -Methyl- 1 -(vinyloxy)-butane; 4-Methylpentanal; 4-Pentenal; 5-Methylfurfural; Furan-2- carbaldehyde; Pentanal; (E)-2-Hexenal; (E)-2-Methyl-2-hexenal; (E)-3-Hexenal; (E)-4-oxo-2- Hexenal; (E,E)-2,4-Dimethyl-2,4-hexadienal; (E,E)-2,4-Hexadienal; (Z)-2-Hexenal; (Z)-3- Hexenal; (Z)-4-oxo-2-Hexenal; 1-Hexenal; 2,3-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde; 2-Hexenal; 3-((E)-2- Hexenoxy)-hexanal; 3,5-Dimethylhexanal; 3 -Ethoxy hexanal; 3 -Hydroxybenzaldehyde; 3- Hy dr oxy hexanal; 4-Hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzaldehyde; 4-Hydroxybenzaldehyde; 5- Methylhexanal; Hexanal; (lR,2S,5R)-2-Methyl-5-((R)-l-oxopropan-2-yl)- cyclopentanecarbaldehyde; (lR,2S,5S)-2-Methyl-5-((R)-l-oxopropan-2-yl)- cyclopentanecarbaldehyde; (lR,5S)-6,6-Dimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-ene-2-carbaldehyde; (1 S,2S,5R)-2-Methyl-5-((R)-l -oxopropan-2-yl)-cyclopentanecarbaldehyde; (3S,8R)-2-Methyl-5- ( 1 -formylethyl)- 1-cy cl opentene-l-carbaldehyde; (3S,8S)-2-Methyl-5-(l-formylethyl)-l- cyclopentene-l-carbaldehyde; (5S,8S)-2-Methyl-5-(l-formylethyl)-l-cyclopentene-l- carbaldehyde; (E)-2-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-6-methyl-2,5-heptadienal; (E)-2-(2-Hydroxyethylidene)- 6-methyl-5-heptenal; (E)-2-Heptenal; (E)-2-Isopropyl-5-methyl-2-hexenal; (E)-2-Methyl-2- heptenal; (E,Z)-2,4-Heptadienal; (R)-2,6-Dimethyl-5-heptenal; (S)-4-(Prop-l-en-2-yl)-cyclohex- 1-enecarbaldehyde; (Z)-2-Isopropyl-5-methyl-2-hexenal; (Z,Z)-2,4-Heptadienal; 2-(3- Methylcyclopentyl)-propanal; 2-(3-Methylcyclopentyl)-propanal; 2,3,6-Tribromo-4,5- dihydroxybenzaldehyde; 2,3-Dibromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzaldehyde; 2,6-Dimethyl-5-heptenal; 2- Methoxybenzaldehyde; 2-Methyl-l-cyclopentenecarboxaldehyde; 2-Methyl-2-heptenal; 2- Methyl-5-(l-oxopropan-2-yl)-cyclopentanecarbaldehyde; 2-Methylcyclopent-l-enecarbaldehyde; 3,3-Dimethyl-5-oxo-7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptane-l-carbaldehyde; 3,4-Dimethylbenzaldehyde; 3 , 5 -Dibromo-4, 5-dihydroxybenzaldehy de; 3 , 5 -Dibromo-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde; 3 -Bromo-4, 5 - dihydroxybenzaldehyde; 3-Bromo-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde; 3-Bromo-5-hydroxy-4- methoxybenzaldehyde; 3-Hydroxybenzene-l,2-dicarbaldehyde; 3 -Methylbenzaldehyde; 4- (Heptyloxy)-butanal; 4-Methoxybenzaldehyde; 5-(l-Formylethyl)-2-methyl-2-cyclopentene-l- carbaldehyde; 6-Methyl-5-heptenal; 6-Methylheptanal; Benzaldehyde; Cartilagineal; Cyclohexanedial; Heptanal; Taxifolial D; (lR,2S)-cis-2-Isopropenyl-l- methylcyclobutaneethanal; (1 S,2R,3S)-2-(l -Formylvinyl)-5-methylcyclopentanecarbaldehyde; (lS,2S,3S)-2-(l-Formylvinyl)-5-methylcyclopentanecarbaldehyde; (2Z,6E)-8-Chloro-6- chloromethyl-2-methyl-2,6-octadienal; (4S)-(3 -Oxoprop- 1 -en-2-yl)-cyclohex-l - enecarbaldehyde; (E)-(3,3-Dimethyl)-cyclohexylideneacetaldehyde; (E)-2-(3,3-
Dimethylcyclohexylidene)-acetaldehyde; (E)-2-(4-Methyl-3-pentenyl)-butenedial; (E)-2-(4- Methyl-3-pentenylidene)-butanedial; (E)-2,7-Octadienal; (E)-2-Methyl-2-octenal; (E)-2-Methyl- 5-(3-furyl)-2-pentenal; (E)-2-Octenal; (E)-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadienal; (E)-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6- octadienal; (E)-3-Octenal; (E)-4-oxo-2-Octenal; (E)-7-Methyl-2-octenal; (E,E)-2,4-Octadienal; (E,E)-2,6-Dimethyl-8-hydroxy-2,6-octadienal; (E,E)-2,6-Octadienal; (E,E)-2,6-Octadienedial; (E,Z)-2,4-Octadienal; (E,Z)-2,6-Octadienal; (R)-l,2-Dimethyl-3 -methylenecyclopentylacetaldehyde; (R)-3,7-Dimethyl-6-octenal; (Z)-(3,3-Dimethyl)-cyclohexylideneacetaldehyde; (Z)-2-(3,3-Dimethylcyclohexylidene)-acetaldehyde; (Z)-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadienal; (Z,E)-3,7- Dimethyl-2,6-octadienal; 1-Octenal; 2-(l-Formylvinyl)-5-methylcyclopentanecarbaldehyde; 2- (3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-2-oxoacetaldehyde; 2,6,6-Trimethyl-l-cyclohexene-l-carbaldehyde; 2- Ethyloctanal; 2-Hydroxy-6-methylbenzaldehyde; 2-Methyl benzaldehyde; 2-Methyl-5-(l- formylethyl)-l -cyclopentene- 1-carbaldehy de; 2-Octenal; 2-Phenylacetaldehyde; 2- Phenylpropenal; 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylglyoxal; 3,7-Dimethyl-6-octenal; 3-Ethoxy-4- hydroxybenzaldehyde; 3-Ethyl benzaldehyde; 3-Isopropyl-6-methyl benzaldehyde; 3-Octenal; 3- oxo-4-Isopropylidene- 1 -cyclohexene- 1 -carboxyaldehyde; 4-Ethylbenzaldehyde; 4-Hydroxy-2- methyl benzaldehyde; 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde; 4-Isopropenyl-l -cyclohexene- 1- carbaldehyde; 4-Isopropenyl-3 -oxo- 1 -cyclohexene- 1 -carboxyaldehyde; 4S-4-Isopropenyl-3-oxo- 1 -cyclohexene- 1 -carboxyaldehyde; 5 -Ethylcyclopent- 1 -ene-carbaldehyde; 6,6-
Dimethylbicyclo[3.1. l]hept-2-ene-2-carbaldehyde; 6-Methyloctanal; 7-Methyloctanal;
Anisomorphal; cis-2-Isopropenyl-l -methylcyclobutaneethanal; Octanal; Peruphasmal; (lR,2S,6R)-2,6-Dimethyl-3-oxabicyclo[4.2.0]octane-2-carbaldehyde; (E)-2-Methyl-2-nonenal; (E)-2-Nonenal; (E)-3-Phenyl-2-propenal; (E)-4,8-Nonadienal; (E)-8-Methyl-2-nonenal; (E,E)- 2,4-Nonadienal; (E,E,E)-2,4,6-Nonatrienal; (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-Nonatrienal; (E,Z)-2,6-Nonadienal; (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-Nonatrienal; (Z)-2-Methyl-2-nonenal; (Z)-3-Nonenal; (Z)-4,8-Nonadienal; (Z)-4- Nonenal; (Z)-8-Methyl-2-nonenal; 2,6-Nonadienal; 2-Formyl-3- methylcyclopenteneacetaldehyde; 2-Nonenal; 2-Phenyl-2-butenal; 3-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-2- propenal; 3,5-di-tert-Butyl-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde; 3-Phenyl-2-propenal; 3-Phenylpropanal; 6- Ethyl benzaldehyde; 7,7-Dimethylbicyclo[4.1.0]hept-3-ene-3-carbaldehyde; 7-Methylnonanal; 8- Methylnonanal; 9-Acetyloxynonanal; Gibepyrone C; Nonanal; (4R,8R)-4,8-Dimethyldecanal; (4R,8S)-4,8-Dimethyldecanal; (E)- 17,18,19,20-Tetranorloba-8, 10,13(15)-trien- 16-al; (E)-2,9- Decadienal; (E)-2-Decenal; (E)-2-Methyl-2-decenal; (E)-2-Methyl-3-(2,3-dibromo-4,5- dihydroxyphenyl)-propenal; (E)-4-oxo-2-Decenal; (E)-8-Hydroxy-4,8-dimethyl-4,9-decadienal; (E)-9-Methyl-2-decenal; (E,E)-2,4-Decadienal; (E,Z)-2,4-Decadienal; (Z)-4-Decenal; (Z)-5- Decenal; (Z)-9-Methyl-2-decenal; (Z,Z)-2,4-Decadienal; 1-Decenal; 2-Decenal; 2-Ethyldecanal; 3 -(2,3 -Dibromo-4, 5 -dihydroxyphenyl)-2-methylpropanal; 4, 5 -Dimethyldecanal; 4,8-
Dimethyldecanal; Caraibical; Decanal; Rogiolal; (2E,4E)-2,6,10-Trimethylundeca-2,4,9-trienal; (2E,4E,7Z)-2,6,10-Trimethylundeca-2,4,7,9-tetraenal; (5E)-2,6,10-Trimethylundeca-5,9-dienal; (E)-2-Undecenal; (E)-6-Ethyl-2,10-dimethyl-5,9-undecadienal; (Z)-4-Undecenal; 10-Undecenal; 2-Butyl-2-octenal; 2-Undecenal; 3-Isopropyl-6-methyl-10-oxoundeca-2,6-dienal; 5-Methyl-2- phenyl-2-hexenal; 8-Isopropyl-5-methyl-3,4,4a,5,6,7,8,8a-octahydronaphthalene-2-carbaldehyde; Austrodoral; Oxytoxin 1; syn-4,6-Dimethylundecanal; Taxifolial A; Taxifolial B; Taxifolial C; Undecanal; (lR,6R,7S,10R)-l-Hydroxy-4-cadinen-l 5-al; (2R,7S,1 lR)-7-Acetoxy-2- hydroxynardosin-l(10)-en-12-al; (3R,5R,9R)-3,5,9-Trimethyldodecanal; (3S,6E)-7-Ethyl-3,l 1- dimethyldodeca-6,10-dienal; (9R)-3,5,9-Trimethyldodecanal; (E)-lO-Dodecenal; (E)-2- Dodecenal; (E)-3,7,l l-Trimethyl-6,10-dodecadienal; (E)-5-Dodecenal; (E)-6-Dodecenal; (E)-7- Dodecenal; (E)-8-Dodecenal; (E)-9,11-Dodecadienal; (E)-9-Dodecenal; (E,E)-3,7,11-Trimethyl-
2.6.10-dodecatrienal; (E,E)-7-Ethy 1-3,1 l-dimethyl-2,6,10-dodecatrienal; (E,E)-8,10-
Dodecadienal; (E,E,E)-3,7-Dimethyl-8,l l-dioxo-2,6,9-dodecatrienal; (E,E,Z)-3,7-Dimethyl-8,l 1- dioxo-2,6,9-dodecatrienal; (E,Z)-2,6-Dodecadienal; (E,Z)-5,7-Dodecadienal; (E,Z)-7,9- Dodecadienal; (E,Z)-8,10-Dodecadienal; (R)-10-Oxo-isodauc-3-en- 15-al; (S,E)-3,7,11-
Trimethyl-6,10-dodecadienal; (Z)-2-Methyl-5-((lR,5R,6S)-2,6-dimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-en- 6-yl)-pent-2-enal; (Z)-5-Dodecenal; (Z)-7-Dodecenal; (Z)-9, 11 -Dodecadienal; (Z)-9-Dodecenal; (Z,E)-3,7,1 l-Trimethyl-2,6,10-dodecatrienal; (Z,E)-5,7-Dodecadienal; (Z,E)-7-Ethyl-3,l 1- dimethyl-2,6,10-dodecatrienal; (Z,E)-8,10-Dodecadienal; (Z,Z)-5,7-Dodecadienal; 10- Methyldodecanal; 2,10-Dibromo-3-chloro-7-chamigrene; 2-Dodecenal; 2-Ethyldodecanal; 2- Formylguaiazulene; 3,7,1 l-Trimethyl-(E)-6,10-dodecadienal; 5-Hydroxy-8-methoxycalamanen- 15-al; 5-Hydroxy-8-methoxycalamenene-15-al; Aplysinal; Debromoaplysinal; Dodecanal; Parahigginol D; Polygodial; Sclerosporal; Sinuketal; syn-4,6-Dimethyldodecanal; trans- Calamenen-13-al; (3R,5S,9R,7E,1 lE)-3, 5,9,11 -Tetramethyl-7, 11-tndecadienal; (3S,4R,6E,10Z)- 3,4,7, 1 l-Tetramethyl-6,10-tridecadienal; (E,E)-3,5,9,1 l-Tetramethyltrideca-7,11-dienal; (Z)-4- Tridecenal; 13,14,15,16-Tetranorclerod-3-en-12-al; 13-Acetyloxytridecanal; 4,6-bis(4- Methylpent-3 -en- 1 -yl)-6-methylcyclo- 1 ,3 -hexadi enecarbaldehyde; Acanthodoral; Ancistrodial; CespitulinF; Isoacanthodoral; Tridecanal; (E)-l 1,13 -Tetradecadi enal; (E)-l 1-Tetradecenal; (E,E)-
8.10-Tetradecadienal; (E,Z)-4,9-Tetradecadienal; (E,Z)-8,10-Tetradecadienal; (Z)-l l,13- Tetradecadienal; (Z)-l 1-Tetradecenal; (Z)-5-Tetradecenal; (Z)-7-Tetradecenal; (Z)-8- Tetradecenal; (Z)-9,13-Tetradecadien-l l-ynal; (Z)-9-Tetradecenal; (Z,E)-9, 11,13- Tetradecatrienal; (Z,E)-9,11-Tetradecadienal; (Z,E)-9,12-Tetradecadienal; (Z,Z)-5,8- Tetradecadienal; (Z,Z)-8,10-Tetradecadienal; (Z,Z)-9,11 -Tetradecadi enal; 10,12-Tetradecadienal; 2,4-Tetradecadienal; 2-Ethyltetradecanal; 3-oxo-13-Tetradecenal; 3-oxo-Tetradecanal; 5,8- Tetradecadienal; 5-Tetradecenal; Norasperenal A; Norasperenal B; Norasperenal C; Norasperenal D; Sargasal I; Sargasal II; Tetradecanal; (6R)-6-Acetoxidichotoma-3,14-diene-l, 17-dial; (6R)-6- Hydroxydichotoma-3, 14-diene- 1 , 17-dial; (E,E)-3 ,7, 11,15-Tetramethyl-6, 10,14-hexadecatrienal; (E,Z)-6,8-Pentadecadienal; (E,Z)-9, 11 -Pentadecadi enal; (E,Z,Z)-2,6,9-Pentadecatrienal; (Z)-10- Pentadecenal; (Z)-2-Chloropentadec-2-enal; (Z)-6,14-Pentadecadienal; (Z,Z)-6,9- Pentadecadienal; (Z,Z)-9, 11 -Pentadecadi enal; 2-Hexyl-2-decenal; Azamial A; Azamial B; Isopachydictyolal; Pentadecanal; Sinularial A; Umbellacin A; Xeniafaraunol A; (1R)-Pimaral; (E)-lO-Hexadecenal; (E)-l l-Hexadecenal; (E)-14-Hexadecenal; (E)-14-Methyl-8-hexadecenal; (E)-3,7, 11,15-Tetramethyl-2-hexadecenal; (E,E)- 10,12-Hexadecadienal; (E,E)- 10, 14-
Hexadecadienal; (E,E)-l l,13-Hexadecadienal; (E,E)-9, 11 -Hexadecadi enal; (E, E,E)-10,12,14- Hexadecatrienal; (E,E,E)-3,7,1 l,15-tetramethyl-2,6,10,14-hexadecatetraenal; (E, E,Z)-10,12,14- Hexadecatrienal; (E,E,Z)-4,6, 11 -Hexadecatri enal; (E,E,Z,Z)-4,6,11,13-Hexadecatetraenal; (E,Z)- 10,12-Hexadecadienal; (E,Z)-11,13-Hexadecadienal; (E,Z)-4,6-Hexadecadienal; (E,Z)-6,11- Hexadecadienal; (E,Z)-8, 11 -Hexadecadi enal; (E,Z)-9, 11 -Hexadecadi enal; (R)-(E)-14-Methyl-8- hexadecenal; (R)-(Z)-14-Methyl-8-hexadecenal; (S)-(E)-14-Methyl-8-hexadecenal; (S)-(Z)-14- Methyl-8-hexadecenal; (Z)-lO-Hexadecenal; (Z)-l 1-Hexadecenal; (Z)-12-Hexadecenal; (Z)-13- Hexadecen-11-ynal; (Z)-14-Methyl-8-hexadecenal; (Z)-3,7,l l,15-Tetramethyl-2-hexadecenal; (Z)-3-oxo-9-Hexadecenal; (Z)-7-Hexadecenal; (Z)-9-Hexadecenal; (Z,E)- 10,12-Hexadecadienal; (Z,E)-11,13-Hexadecadienal; (Z,E)-7, 11 -Hexadecadi enal; (Z,E)-9,11-Hexadecadienal; (Z,Z)- 10,12-Hexadecadienal; (Z,Z)-11,13-Hexadecadienal; (Z,Z)-7,10-Hexadecadienal; (Z,Z)-7,11- Hexadecadienal; (Z,Z)-9, 11 -Hexadecadienal; (Z,Z,E)-7, 11 , 13-Hexadecatrienal; 11 -Hexadecenal; 11-Hexadecynal; 13(16), 14-Spongiadien- 19-al; 2-Methylhexadecanal; 7-Hexadecenal; 9- Hexadecenal; Deacetyl-dihydro-nor-thuridillonal; Dictyodial A; Dihydro-nor-thuridillonal; Hexadecanal; Keikipukalide A; Keikipukalide B; Keikipukalide C; Keikipukalide D; Keikipukalide E; Nor-thuridillonal; Pseudoplexaural; Pukalide aldehyde; Sanadaol; (E)-2- Tridecyl-2-heptadecenal; (Z)-9-Heptadecenal; 1-Heptadecenal; 2-Heptadecenal; Globostelletin C; Globostelletin D; Heptadecanal; (E)-l l-Octadecenal; (E)-13-Octadecenal; (E)-14-Octadecenal; (E)-2-Octadecenal; (E)-6-Octadecenal; (E,E)-l l,14-Octadecadienal; (E,Z)-2, 13 -Octadecadi enal; (E,Z)-3, 13 -Octadecadi enal; (E,Z)-6,l l-Octadecadienal; (Z)-l 1-Octadecenal; (Z)-13-Octadecenal; (Z)-9-Octadecenal; (Z,E)- 13, 15 -Octadecadi enal; (Z,Z)-11,13 -Octadecadi enal; (Z,Z)-13,15- Octadecadienal; (Z,Z)-3,13-Octadecadienal; (Z,Z)-9,12-Octadecadienal; (Z,Z,Z)-9,12,15- Octadecatrienal; 11 -Octadecenal; 13,15-Octadecadienal; 13-Octadecenal; 16-Methyloctadecanal; 1-Octadecenal; 3,6-Dihydroxy-24-nor-9-oxo-9,l l-secocholesta-7,22-dien-l 1-al; 9-Octadecenal; Methyloctadecanal; Octadecanal; Panicein B2; Panicein B3; Panicein C; (Z)-lO-Nonadecenal; (Z)-9-Nonadecenal; 9(11)-Pargueren- 16-al; Hyrtiosal; Nonadecanal; (2E,6Z,9Z)-2-Methyl-2,6,9- eicosatrienal; (Z)-l 1-Eicosenal; 11-Eicosenal; 12,18-di-Episcalaradial; 12b-(3'b- Hydroxybutanoyloxy)-20,24-dimethyl-24-oxo-scalara-16-en-25-al; 12b-(3'b-
Hydroxypentanoyloxy)-20,24-dimethyl-24-oxo-scalara-16-en-25-al; 12-Deacetoxy-12-oxo- scalaradial; 12-Episcalaradial; 15-Eicosenal; 1-Eicosenal; 3-Deacetyl-22,23-dihydro-24,28- dehydroluffasterol B; 3-Deacetylluffasterol B; 9-Eicosenal; Anthogorgiene B; Deacetylscalaradial; Eicosadienal; Eicosanal; Mooloolabene A; MooloolabeneB; Scalaradial; and combinations thereof.
[0122] 15. The composition of any of the preceding clauses, wherein the aldehyde is selected from the group consisting of hexanal; octanal; decanal; citral; geranial; neral; tetradecan- 1-al; pentadecan- 1 -al; pentadecen-l-al; hexadecan- 1 -al; (Z)-9-hexadecen-l-al; (Z)-l l-hexadecen- 1-al; (7E,9E)-undeca-7,9-dien-l-al; (HZ, 13Z)-hexadecadien-l-al; (9Z,12E)-tetradecadien-l-al; (8E,10E)-dodecadien-l-al; (HZ)-hexadecadien-l-al; (9Z)-tetradecen-l-al; 6,10-dimethyl-5,9- undecadien-2-ol; (6E)-7,l l-dimethyl-3-methylene-l,6,10-dodecatriene; [lS-(la,2b,5 a)]- 4,6,6- trimethyl-Bicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-en-2-ol; 10-Hexadecenal; (Z)-lO-hexadecenal; (E)-10- hexadecenal; and combinations thereof.
[0123] 16. The composition of any of the preceding clauses, wherein the aldehyde is present in an amount of from about 1 wt% to about 99 wt%.
[0124] 17. The composition of any of the preceding clauses, wherein the non-aldehyde pheromone is selected from the group consisting of acetate pheromones, alcohol pheromones, ketone pheromones, epoxide pheromones, hydrocarbon pheromones, and combinations thereof. [0125] 18. The composition of any of the preceding clauses, wherein the solvent is selected from the group consisting of aqueous solvents, organic solvents, and combinations thereof.
[0126] 19. The composition of any of the preceding clauses, wherein the solvent comprises a solvent selected from the group consisting of ethyl acetate, ethanol, water, and combinations thereof.
[0127] 20. The composition of any of the preceding clauses, wherein the stabilizer is selected from the group consisting of antioxidants, radical scavengers, pH regulators, buffers, UV stabilizers, chelators, and combinations thereof.
[0128] 21. The composition of any of the preceding clauses, wherein the stabilizer is selected from the group consisting of bumetrizole (CAS 3896-11-5); butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) (CAS 109-99-9), tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) (CAS 1948-33-0), tocopherol (CAS 10191-41-0), dimethylethanolamine (CAS 287476-09-9), bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate (CAS 52829-07-9), drometrizole (CAS 2440-22-4), morpholine (CAS 110-91-8), sodium hydroxide (CAS 1310-73-2), propyl gallate (CAS 121-79-9), butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) (CAS 121-00-6), and combinations thereof.
[0129] 22. The composition of any of the preceding clauses, further comprising an auxiliary selected from the group consisting of dispersing agents, surfactants, emulsifiers, wetting agents, biocides, antifoamers, antifreeze agents, rheology modifiers, salts, excipients, and combinations thereof.
[0130] 23. The composition of any of the preceding clauses, wherein the composition further comprises two or more auxiliaries.
[0131] 24. The composition of any of the preceding clauses, wherein the composition further comprises three or more auxiliaries.
[0132] 25. The composition of any of the preceding clauses, wherein the composition further comprises four or more auxiliaries. [0133] 26. The composition of any of the preceding clauses, further comprising a carrier.
[0134] 27. The composition of the preceding clause, wherein the carrier is selected from the group consisting of liquid carriers, solid carriers, substrates, and combinations thereof.
[0135] 28. The composition of the preceding clause, wherein the carrier is selected from the group consisting of solvents, polymeric substrates, plastics, wax emulsions, oil emulsions, oil microemulsions, microcapsules, microspheres, zeolites, porous materials, calcium phosphate, and combinations thereof.
[0136] 29. The composition of any of clauses 26-28, wherein the carrier facilitates slow release of the aldehyde from the composition.
[0137] 30. The composition of any of the preceding clauses, wherein the composition is in a form selected from the group consisting of solutions, gels, and powders.
[0138] 31. The composition of any of the preceding clauses, wherein the composition is in a shaped form selected from the group consisting of tablets, briquettes, extrudates, granules, and combinations thereof.
[0139] 32. The composition of the preceding clause, wherein the composition is in a shaped form and is coated with a polymer.
[0140] 33. The composition of the preceding clause, wherein the composition is shapeable with a technique selected from the group consisting of tableting, briquetting, extruding, granulation casting, and combinations thereof.
[0141] 34. The composition of any of the preceding clauses, wherein the aldehyde and/or the polyol are separately encapsulated or co-encapsulated.
[0142] 35. The composition of any of the preceding clauses, wherein the aldehyde and/or the polyol are separately encapsulated or co-encapsulated with a material selected from the group consisting of synthetic polymers, polyureas, polyurethanes, polyacrylates, polyamides, polyvinyl alcohols, polyvinylpyrrolidones, semi-synthetic materials, modified celluloses, modified starch derivatives, natural materials, gum Arabic, agar agar, dextrins, alginic acid, alginic acid salts, biodegradable natural polymers, collagen, polysaccharides, starch, dextrin, waxes, chitosan, alginate, cellulose, gelatin, derivatives thereof, and combinations thereof.
[0143] 36. The composition of any of the preceding clauses, wherein the composition has an altered rate of evaporation of the aldehyde relative to the aldehyde alone.
[0144] 37. The composition of any of the preceding clauses, wherein the composition is a solid at temperatures less than about 35 °C.
[0145] 38. The composition of any of the preceding clauses, wherein the composition is storage stable under ambient conditions.
[0146] 39. The composition of any of the preceding clauses, wherein the aldehyde and the polyol are present in a molar ratio in a range of from about 500: 1 to about 1: 1.
[0147] 40. A method for altering a rate of evaporation of an aldehyde, the method comprising: contacting the aldehyde with a composition comprising: a polyol comprising 2-20 carbon atoms; optionally a non-aldehyde pheromone; optionally a solvent; and optionally a stabilizer.
[0148] 41. The method of the preceding clause, wherein the method reduces a rate of evaporation of the aldehyde.
[0149] 42. The method of any of clauses 40-41 , wherein contacting the aldehyde with the composition comprises forming a mixture comprising the aldehyde and the composition. [0150] 43. The method of any of clauses 40-42, further comprising shaping the mixture with a technique selected from the group consisting of tableting, briquetting, extruding, granulation casting, and combinations thereof.
[0151] 44. The method of any of clauses 40-43, further comprising coating the mixture with a polymer.
[0152] 45. The method of any of clauses 40-44, wherein the aldehyde and the polyol are present in the mixture in a molar ratio in a range of from about 500: 1 to about 1: 1.
[0153] 46. The method of any of clauses 40-45, wherein the aldehyde is present in the mixture in an amount of from about 1 wt% to about 99 wt%.
[0154] 47. The method of any of clauses 40-46, wherein the polyol is present in the mixture in an amount of from about 1 wt% to about 99 wt%.
[0155] 48. A method for controlling a pest comprising contacting the pest or its environment with a biologically effective amount of a composition comprising: an aldehyde; a polyol comprising 2-20 carbon atoms; optionally a non-aldehyde pheromone; optionally a solvent; and optionally a stabilizer.
[0156] 49. The method of the preceding clause, wherein the pest is selected from the group consisting of invertebrate pests, insects, arthropods, and combinations thereof.
[0157] 50. The method of any of clauses 48-49, wherein the environment is selected from the group consisting of agricultural fields, orchards, forests, and combinations thereof. [0158] Without further elaboration, it is believed that one skilled in the art using the preceding description can utilize the present invention to its fullest extent. The following Examples are, therefore, to be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting of the disclosure in any way whatsoever.
EXAMPLES
[0159] Example 1. Physical states.
[0160] The polyols of Table 1 were combined room temperature with a mixture containing (Z)-l l-hexadecenal, (Z)-9-hexadecenal, and hexadecenal to determine the physical state of the combination. It was observed that polyols having relatively higher molecular weights resulted in a solid physical state.
[0161] Table 1. Physical states.
[0162] Example 2. Physical states.
[0163] The physical states of a combination of 10 g of aldehydes with varying amounts of polyols was determined. The results are in Tables 2 and 3 below.
[0164] Table 2. Physical states for 1 : 1 molar ratios of aldehyde to polyol.
[0165] Table 3. Physical states for 2:1 molar ratios of aldehyde to polyol. [0166] Example s. Recovery of Aldehyde.
[0167] A known amount of an aldehyde mixture including Z11-16 aldehyde and polyol was mixed to give a solid. The amount of Zl l-16 aldehyde was then determined by gas chromatography (GC) after dissolution in a solvent or solvent mixture. The aldehyde could be fully recovered from the polyol mixture.
[0168] Table 4. Recovery of Z11-16 aldehyde from polyol mixture.
[0169] Example 4. Aldehyde evaporation.
[0170] To measure evaporation of aldehydes, mixtures of octanal and various polyols in a mol ratio of 2:1 aldehyde:polyol were evaporated in a dry content balance at 100 °C and compared with pure octanal as a reference. The results are in Table 4. It is shown that the rate of evaporation is affected by the presence and nature of the polyol. The mixtures with polyols have significantly different rates of evaporation and therefore vapor pressures. It can thereby be concluded that the rate of evaporation can be modified by adding polyols.
[0171] Table 5. Evaporation data.
[0172] Example 5. Characterization.
[0173] Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) showed that 2.1 molar mixtures of a mixture containing (Z)-l 1 -hexadecenal, (Z)-l 1 -hexadecenal, and hexadecenal and a polyol chosen from 1,4-butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, and 1,10-decanediol all possessed melting points in the range of 37-39 °C. All the tested mixtures completely evaporated by 260 °C.
[0174] Example 6. Timing of solidification.
[0175] An aldehyde pheromone including (Z)-l 1 -hexadecenal, (Z)- 11 -hexadecenal, and hexadecenal was mixed with a polyol in a scintillation vial at 50 °C and cooled down to room temperature. Appearance was recorded over the next 24 hours. The results are in Table 5 and indicate that such combinations between aldehydes and a polyol may solidify over time. [0176] Table 6. Appearance over time of a combination of a polyol and an aldehyde mixture.
[0177] Example 7. Volatility control of emulsion-in-water (EW) formulations.
[0178] Samples were prepared with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) grade water to form 1000 ppm spray solutions. For the initial samples, 3.0 mL acetone was added to a scintillation vial and then 30 pL of the spray solution was added. A 30 pL spot of the sample was made on a German glass coverslip in a 24 well Falcon plate, and then this arrangement was placed in an environmental chamber at 25 °C and 50% humidity.
[0179] Samples were extracted by placing the glass coverslip into a scintillation vial with 3 mL of acetone and sonicating on ice in two 30-minute cycles. Extracted samples were analyzed using GC.
[0180] The results are in Table 7. CAPA 4101 is a 1000 g/mol poly caprolactone polyol tetrol initiated with pentaerythritol (PENTA). CAPA 2402 is a polyester polyol based on a 4000 g/mol polycaprolactone diol initiated with 1 ,4-butanediol (BDO). CAPA 3051 is a tri-functional polycaprolactone polyol with a molecular weight of 540 g/mol. The results indicate that a combination between an aldehyde and a polyol, and especially a caprolactone polyol, may improve retention of the aldehyde relative to a control.
[0181] Table 7. Volatility control data.
[0182] Example 8. Encapsulation
[0183] Capsule suspension (CS) formulations according to the formulations of Table 8 are prepared by interfacial polymerization. The process includes dispersing one phase containing a reactivemonomer, pheromone technical and solvent(s), in a second immiscible phase containing water and dispersant(s). The size of the droplets obtained was regulated by the speed of the stirrer. The slurry was then allowed to mix at a lower speed for several hours at 50-60°C to achieve complete reaction for the monomers. The finishing operations were then carried out. The finishing operations include adjusting the acidity of the medium and adding post formulants (e.g., biocides, rheology modifiers, antifreeze compounds, etc.) to yield a final formulation. After preparation of the samples, the formulations were stored for 2 weeks in closed glass containers at 54°C, after which the formulations were analyzed for % content of aldehyde and acetate pheromones. As shown in Table 8, it was observed that encapsulation improves volatility control by reducing volatility of the pheromones. The examples including polyol exhibited at least about a 25% improvement in volatility control relative to the control without polyol. It was also observed that incorporation of polyol enhanced chemical stability of aldehydes in an accelerated storage stability study.
[0184] Volatility control for the pheromone in a CS formulation was measured as follows. Aqueous spray solutions of formulated material were applied as droplets on glass. After desired time periods passed in a solar simulating light (0 - 99 hours), the glass was extracted in a solvent. The extract was analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) to determine the amount of pheromone remaining on the glass. T24hr represents 24 hours in a solar simulating light chamber with continuous light on. Each 24 hours of solar simulating light is equivalent to 2.5 days of sunlight.
[0185] Table 8. Encapsulation data. [0186] Example 9. Encapsulation comparison study
[0187] Capsule suspension formulations were prepared as in Example 8, and according to Table 9, using different polyols. After preparation the formulations were dispersed at sand-filled plates and stored at 35°C at an air-flow for up to 48 hours. The plates were analyzed for aldehyde and acetate content at 6, 24, and 48 hours, the results of which are shown in Figure 1.
[0188] Table 9. Formulations
[0189] As shown in Figure 1, it was observed that incorporation of 1,6-hexanediol lead to an enhance in retention of the aldehyde. It was observed that after 48 hours there was still 40% aldehyde remaining in the formulation A made with 1 -6-hexanediol, while only about 15% aldehyde were retained in the formulation B prepare with glycerol, the latter being in the same range as the control capsules E where no glycerol or 1 -6-hexanediol were added.
[0190] Example 10. Aldehyde volatility.
[0191] Aldehyde volatility was measured with solid phase microextraction (SPME). The following compositions were included: (1) a blend of aldehydes with main active component (Z)- 11-hexadecenal, hereafter referred to as Z11-16: Aid, (2) Zl l-16:Ald/l,4-butanediol (mol ratio 2: 1), (3) Z1 l-16:Ald/l,6-hexanediol (mol ratio 2: 1), (4) Z11-16: Ald/l,8-octanediol (mol ratio 2: 1), and (5) Z1 l-16:Ald/l,10-decanediol (mol ratio 2: 1).
[0192] Compositions were melted at 70 °C for 15 minutes and vortexed. Approximately 50 mg were immediately transferred to a 4 ml vial. Vials were closed tightly with a screw cap containing a septum. Solid-phase micro- extraction technique in static air was used for quantitative headspace sampling. Compositions were allowed to equilibrate before analysis for 24 h at room temperature. The SPME needle was inserted into the vial by piercing the septum of the vial. The fiber coated with a solid sorbent (polydimethylsiloxane; 100 pm) was released into the headspace for 45 minutes at room temperature for volatile absorption. The SPME needle was directly inserted for 5 minutes into the GC for thermal desorption and analysis. Chemical analysis was performed on a Agilent 7820 GC coupled to 5977B MS with a Fatwax column (30 m x 0.32 mm x 0.25 um) programmed from 80 C hold 1 minutes, 20 °C/min to 210 °C for 7 min, 20 °C/min to 230 °C for 3 min. Z11-16: Aid was identified by comparing its retention time and MS spectrum with that of a synthetic standard. Calibration standards containing Z11-16: Aid ranging from 10 mg/1 to 800 mg/1 were run to quantitative analysis. The amount of Z11-16: Aid absorbed by the SPME fiber in 45 minutes were calculated for each product. Sampling was performed in duplicates.
[0193] Table 9. Aldehyde absorbed by fiber.
[0194] The amount of compound adsorbed on the fiber is proportional to the vapor pressure of the compound. The sample without polyol had the highest amount of Z11-16: Aid absorbed by the SPME fiber. Decreased absorption is shown for Z1 l-16:Ald compositions mixed with a polyol. Furthermore, the amount of material adsorbed varies with the type of polyol. For the mixture containing 1 ,4-butanediol 0.056 pg was adsorbed on the fiber, for mixture containing 1,6-hexanediol 0.031 .g was adsorbed, for the mixture containing 1,8-octanediol 0.018 pg was adsorbed, and for the mixture containing 1,10-decanediol 0.020 pg was adsorbed. The results of Table 9 demonstrate that vapor release can be controlled both by addition of a polyol and the type of polyol added.
[0195] Example 11. Melting point hysteresis.
[0196] Mixtures of polyols and aldehydes were tested to determine their physical states after cycling through different temperatures. The mixtures were held at six temperatures in the order of the below table. As shown in the below table, various mixtures of the tested polyols and aldehydes with molar ratios including more polyol than aldehyde exhibited melting point hysteresis. Consequently, by reducing the temperature of the mixture, a different physical state change could be achieved after returning to the original temperature.
[0197] Table 10. Melting point hysteresis.

Claims

WHAT IS CLAIMED IS:
1. A composition comprising: an aldehyde; a polyol comprising 2-20 carbon atoms; optionally a non-aldehyde pheromone; optionally a solvent; and optionally a stabilizer.
2. The composition of claim 1, wherein the polyol is selected from the group consisting of terminal diols, linear diols, linear terminal diols, non-aqueous diols, glycols, diglycols, diethylene glycol, triglycols, triethylene glycol, linear polyols, C2 polyols, C3 polyols, C4 polyols, C5 polyols, Ce polyols, C7 polyols, Cs polyols, C9 polyols, C10 polyols, C11 polyols, C12 polyols, C13 polyols, C14 polyols, C15 polyols, Ci6 polyols, C17 polyols, Cis polyols, C19 polyols, C20 polyols, and combinations thereof.
3. The composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the polyol has a molecular weight of at least 95 g/mol.
4. The composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the polyol is a compound of formula (I), wherein: a is an integer from 0 to 2; b is an integer from 1 to 12; c is an integer from 0 to 12; each Ri, R2, R3, R4, R5, and Re are independently selected from the group consisting of H and Ci -3 alkyl; and the sum of a, b and c is at least 2.
5. The composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the polyol is selected from the group consisting of erythritol, 1,5 -pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,7-heptanediol, 1,8-octanediol, 1,9-nonanediol, 1,10-decanediol, 1,12-dodecanediol, and combinations thereof.
6. The composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the aldehyde is selected from the group consisting of Ci aldehydes, C2 aldehydes, C3 aldehydes, C4 aldehydes, C5 aldehydes, Ce aldehydes, C7 aldehydes, Cs aldehydes, C9 aldehydes, C10 aldehydes, Cn aldehydes, C12 aldehydes, C13 aldehydes, C14 aldehydes, C15 aldehydes, Ci6 aldehydes, C17 aldehydes, Cis aldehydes, C19 aldehydes, C20 aldehydes, and combinations thereof.
7. The composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the aldehyde is unsaturated and comprises at least one carbon-carbon double bond.
8. The composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the aldehyde is a pheromone.
9. The composition of the preceding claim, wherein the aldehyde is selected from the group consisting of Formaldehyde; 2,2-Dibromoacetaldehyde; Acetaldehyde; 2-Methyl-2-propenal; 2- Methylpropanal; 2-Propenal; 3,3-Dibromo-2-propenal; Propanal; 2-Butenal; 2-Methyl-2-butenal; 2-Methylbutanal; 2-Methylenebutanal; 3-Methyl-2-butenal; 3-Methyl-3-butenal; 3- Methylbutanal; Butanal; (E)-2-Pentenal; 2-Methylenepentanal; 2-Pentenal; 3-Methyl-l- (vinyloxy)-butane; 4-Methylpentanal; 4-Pentenal; 5-Methylfurfural; Furan-2-carbaldehyde; Pentanal; (E)-2-Hexenal; (E)-2-Methyl-2-hexenal; (E)-3-Hexenal; (E)-4-oxo-2-Hexenal; (E,E)- 2,4-Dimethyl-2,4-hexadienal; (E,E)-2,4-Hexadienal; (Z)-2-Hexenal; (Z)-3-Hexenal; (Z)-4-oxo-2- Hexenal; 1-Hexenal; 2,3 -Dihydroxybenzaldehyde; 2-Hexenal; 3-((E)-2-Hexenoxy)-hexanal; 3,5- Dimethylhexanal; 3 -Ethoxy hexanal; 3-Hydroxybenzaldehyde; 3 -Hydroxy hexanal; 4-Hydroxy-
3.5-dimethoxybenzaldehyde; 4-Hydroxybenzaldehyde; 5 -Methylhexanal; Hexanal; (lR,2S,5R)-2-
Methyl-5-((R)-l-oxopropan-2-yl)-cyclopentanecarbaldehyde; (lR,2S,5S)-2-Methyl-5-((R)-l- oxopropan-2-yl)-cyclopentanecarbaldehyde; (lR,5S)-6,6-Dimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-ene-2- carbaldehyde; (lS,2S,5R)-2-Methyl-5-((R)-l-oxopropan-2-yl)-cyclopentanecarbaldehyde; (3S,8R)-2-Methyl-5-(l-formylethyl)-l-cyclopentene-l-carbaldehyde; (3S,8S)-2-Methyl-5-(l- formylethyl)-l -cyclopentene- 1-carbaldehy de; (5S,8S)-2-Methyl-5-(l-formylethyl)-l- cyclopentene-1 -carbaldehyde; (E)-2-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-6-methyl-2,5-heptadienal; (E)-2-(2- Hydroxyethylidene)-6-methyl-5-heptenal; (E)-2-Heptenal; (E)-2-Isopropyl-5-methyl-2-hexenal; (E)-2-Methyl-2-heptenal; (E,Z)-2,4-Heptadienal; (R)-2,6-Dimethyl-5-heptenal; (S)-4-(Prop-l-en- 2-yl)-cyclohex-l-enecarbaldehyde; (Z)-2-Isopropyl-5-methyl-2-hexenal; (Z,Z)-2,4-Heptadienal; 2-(3 -Methy lcyclopentyl)-propanal; 2-(3 -Methylcyclopentyl)-propanal; 2,3 , 6-Tribromo-4, 5 - dihydroxybenzaldehyde; 2,3-Dibromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzaldehyde; 2,6-Dimethyl-5-heptenal; 2- Methoxybenzaldehyde; 2-Methyl-l-cyclopentenecarboxaldehyde; 2-Methyl-2-heptenal; 2- Methyl-5-(l-oxopropan-2-yl)-cyclopentanecarbaldehyde; 2-Methylcyclopent-l-enecarbaldehyde; 3, 3 -Dimethyl-5-oxo-7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptane- 1-carbaldehy de; 3,4-Dimethylbenzaldehyde;
3.5 -Dibromo-4, 5-dihydroxybenzaldehy de; 3 , 5 -Dibromo-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde; 3 -Bromo-4, 5 - dihydroxybenzaldehyde; 3-Bromo-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde; 3-Bromo-5-hydroxy-4- methoxybenzaldehyde; 3-Hydroxybenzene-l,2-dicarbaldehyde; 3 -Methylbenzaldehyde; 4- (Heptyloxy)-butanal; 4-Methoxybenzaldehyde; 5-(l-Formylethyl)-2-methyl-2-cyclopentene-l- carbaldehyde; 6-Methyl-5-heptenal; 6-Methylheptanal; Benzaldehyde; Cartilagineal; Cyclohexanedial; Heptanal; Taxifolial D; (lR,2S)-cis-2-Isopropenyl-l- methylcyclobutaneethanal; (1 S,2R,3S)-2-(l -Formylvinyl)-5-methylcyclopentanecarbaldehyde; (lS,2S,3S)-2-(l-Formylvinyl)-5-methylcyclopentanecarbaldehyde; (2Z,6E)-8-Chloro-6- chloromethyl-2-methyl-2,6-octadienal; (4S)-(3-Oxoprop-l -en-2-yl)-cyclohex-l - enecarbaldehyde; (E)-(3,3-Dimethyl)-cyclohexylideneacetaldehyde; (E)-2-(3,3-
Dimethylcyclohexylidene)-acetaldehyde; (E)-2-(4-Methyl-3-pentenyl)-butenedial; (E)-2-(4- Methyl-3-pentenylidene)-butanedial; (E)-2,7-Octadienal; (E)-2-Methyl-2-octenal; (E)-2-Methyl- 5-(3-furyl)-2-pentenal; (E)-2-Octenal; (E)-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadienal; (E)-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6- octadienal; (E)-3-Octenal; (E)-4-oxo-2-Octenal; (E)-7-Methyl-2-octenal; (E,E)-2,4-Octadienal; (E,E)-2,6-Dimethyl-8-hydroxy-2,6-octadienal; (E,E)-2,6-Octadienal; (E,E)-2,6-Octadienedial; (E,Z)-2,4-Octadienal; (E,Z)-2,6-Octadienal; (R)-l,2-Dimethyl-3 -methylenecyclopentylacetaldehyde; (R)-3,7-Dimethyl-6-octenal; (Z)-(3,3-Dimethyl)-cyclohexylideneacetaldehyde; (Z)-2-(3,3-Dimethylcyclohexylidene)-acetaldehyde; (Z)-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadienal; (Z,E)-3,7- Dimethyl-2,6-octadienal; 1-Octenal; 2-(l-Formylvinyl)-5-methylcyclopentanecarbaldehyde; 2- (3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-2-oxoacetaldehyde; 2,6,6-Trimethyl-l-cyclohexene-l-carbaldehyde; 2- Ethyloctanal; 2-Hydroxy-6-methylbenzaldehyde; 2-Methyl benzaldehyde; 2-Methyl-5-(l- formylethyl)-l -cyclopentene- 1-carbaldehy de; 2-Octenal; 2-Phenylacetaldehyde; 2- Phenylpropenal; 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylglyoxal; 3,7-Dimethyl-6-octenal; 3-Ethoxy-4- hydroxybenzaldehyde; 3-Ethyl benzaldehyde; 3-Isopropyl-6-methyl benzaldehyde; 3-Octenal; 3- oxo-4-Isopropylidene-l -cyclohexene- 1 -carboxyaldehyde; 4-Ethylbenzaldehyde; 4-Hydroxy-2- methyl benzaldehyde; 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde; 4-Isopropenyl-l -cyclohexene- 1- carbaldehyde; 4-Isopropenyl-3 -oxo- 1 -cyclohexene- 1 -carboxyaldehyde; 4S-4-Isopropenyl-3-oxo- 1 -cyclohexene- 1 -carboxyaldehyde; 5 -Ethylcyclopent- 1 -ene-carbaldehyde; 6,6-
Dimethylbicyclo[3.1. l]hept-2-ene-2-carbaldehyde; 6-Methyloctanal; 7-Methyloctanal;
Anisomorphal; cis-2-Isopropenyl-l -methylcyclobutaneethanal; Octanal; Peruphasmal; (lR,2S,6R)-2,6-Dimethyl-3-oxabicyclo[4.2.0]octane-2-carbaldehyde; (E)-2-Methyl-2-nonenal; (E)-2-Nonenal; (E)-3-Phenyl-2-propenal; (E)-4,8-Nonadienal; (E)-8-Methyl-2-nonenal; (E,E)- 2,4-Nonadienal; (E,E,E)-2,4,6-Nonatrienal; (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-Nonatrienal; (E,Z)-2,6-Nonadienal; (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-Nonatrienal; (Z)-2-Methyl-2-nonenal; (Z)-3-Nonenal; (Z)-4,8-Nonadienal; (Z)-4- Nonenal; (Z)-8-Methyl-2-nonenal; 2,6-Nonadienal; 2-Formyl-3- methylcyclopenteneacetaldehyde; 2-Nonenal; 2-Phenyl-2-butenal; 3-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-2- propenal; 3,5-di-tert-Butyl-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde; 3-Phenyl-2-propenal; 3-Phenylpropanal; 6- Ethyl benzaldehyde; 7,7-Dimethylbicyclo[4.1.0]hept-3-ene-3-carbaldehyde; 7-Methylnonanal; 8- Methylnonanal; 9-Acetyloxynonanal; Gibepyrone C; Nonanal; (4R,8R)-4,8-Dimethyldecanal; (4R,8S)-4,8-Dimethyldecanal; (E)- 17,18,19,20-Tetranorloba-8, 10,13(15)-trien- 16-al; (E)-2,9- Decadienal; (E)-2-Decenal; (E)-2-Methyl-2-decenal; (E)-2-Methyl-3-(2,3-dibromo-4,5- dihydroxyphenyl)-propenal; (E)-4-oxo-2-Decenal; (E)-8-Hydroxy-4,8-dimethyl-4,9-decadienal; (E)-9-Methyl-2-decenal; (E,E)-2,4-Decadienal; (E,Z)-2,4-Decadienal; (Z)-4-Decenal; (Z)-5- Decenal; (Z)-9-Methyl-2-decenal; (Z,Z)-2,4-Decadienal; 1-Decenal; 2-Decenal; 2-Ethyldecanal; 3 -(2,3 -Dibromo-4, 5 -dihydroxyphenyl)-2-methylpropanal; 4, 5 -Dimethyldecanal; 4,8-
Dimethyldecanal; Caraibical; Decanal; Rogiolal; (2E,4E)-2,6,10-Trimethylundeca-2,4,9-trienal; (2E,4E,7Z)-2,6,10-Trimethylundeca-2,4,7,9-tetraenal; (5E)-2,6,10-Trimethylundeca-5,9-dienal; (E)-2-Undecenal; (E)-6-Ethyl-2,10-dimethyl-5,9-undecadienal; (Z)-4-Undecenal; 10-Undecenal; 2-Butyl-2-octenal; 2-Undecenal; 3-Isopropyl-6-methyl-10-oxoundeca-2,6-dienal; 5-Methyl-2- phenyl-2-hexenal; 8-Isopropyl-5-methyl-3,4,4a,5,6,7,8,8a-octahydronaphthalene-2-carbaldehyde; Austrodoral; Oxytoxin 1; syn-4,6-Dimethylundecanal; Taxifolial A; Taxifolial B; Taxifolial C; Undecanal; (lR,6R,7S,10R)-l-Hydroxy-4-cadinen-l 5-al; (2R,7S,1 lR)-7-Acetoxy-2- hydroxynardosin-l(10)-en-12-al; (3R,5R,9R)-3,5,9-Trimethyldodecanal; (3S,6E)-7-Ethyl-3,l 1- dimethyldodeca-6,10-dienal; (9R)-3,5,9-Trimethyldodecanal; (E)-lO-Dodecenal; (E)-2- Dodecenal; (E)-3,7,l l-Trimethyl-6,10-dodecadienal; (E)-5-Dodecenal; (E)-6-Dodecenal; (E)-7- Dodecenal; (E)-8-Dodecenal; (E)-9,11-Dodecadienal; (E)-9-Dodecenal; (E,E)-3,7,11-Trimethyl- 2,6, 10-dodecatrienal; (E,E)-7-Ethy 1-3,1 l-dimethyl-2,6,10-dodecatrienal; (E,E)-8,10-
Dodecadienal; (E,E,E)-3,7-Dimethyl-8,l l-dioxo-2,6,9-dodecatrienal; (E,E,Z)-3,7-Dimethyl-8,l 1- dioxo-2,6,9-dodecatrienal; (E,Z)-2,6-Dodecadienal; (E,Z)-5,7-Dodecadienal; (E,Z)-7,9- Dodecadienal; (E,Z)-8,10-Dodecadienal; (R)-10-Oxo-isodauc-3-en- 15-al; (S,E)-3,7,11-
Trimethyl-6,10-dodecadienal; (Z)-2-Methyl-5-((lR,5R,6S)-2,6-dimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-en- 6-yl)-pent-2-enal; (Z)-5-Dodecenal; (Z)-7-Dodecenal; (Z)-9, 11 -Dodecadienal; (Z)-9-Dodecenal; (Z,E)-3,7,11-Trimethy 1-2, 6,10-dodecatrienal; (Z,E)-5,7-Dodecadienal; (Z,E)-7-Ethyl-3,l 1- dimethyl-2,6,10-dodecatrienal; (Z,E)-8,10-Dodecadienal; (Z,Z)-5,7-Dodecadienal; 10- Methyldodecanal; 2,10-Dibromo-3-chloro-7-chamigrene; 2-Dodecenal; 2-Ethyldodecanal; 2- Formylguaiazulene; 3,7,1 l-Trimethyl-(E)-6,10-dodecadienal; 5-Hydroxy-8-methoxycalamanen- 15-al; 5-Hydroxy-8-methoxycalamenene-15-al; Aplysinal; Debromoaplysinal; Dodecanal; Parahigginol D; Polygodial; Sclerosporal; Sinuketal; syn-4,6-Dimethyldodecanal; trans- Calamenen-13-al; (3R,5S,9R,7E,1 lE)-3, 5,9,11 -Tetramethyl-7, 11-tndecadienal; (3S,4R,6E,10Z)- 3 ,4,7,1 l-Tetramethyl-6,10-tridecadienal; (E,E)-3,5,9,1 l-Tetramethyltrideca-7,11-dienal; (Z)-4- Tridecenal; 13,14,15,16-Tetranorclerod-3-en-12-al; 13-Acetyloxytridecanal; 4,6-bis(4- Methylpent-3 -en- 1 -yl)-6-methylcyclo- 1 ,3 -hexadi enecarbaldehyde; Acanthodoral; Ancistrodial; CespitulinF; Isoacanthodoral; Tridecanal; (E)-l l,13-Tetradecadienal; (E)-l 1-Tetradecenal; (E,E)- 8,10-Tetradecadienal; (E,Z)-4,9-Tetradecadienal; (E,Z)-8,10-Tetradecadienal; (Z)-l l,13- Tetradecadienal; (Z)-l 1-Tetradecenal; (Z)-5-Tetradecenal; (Z)-7-Tetradecenal; (Z)-8- Tetradecenal; (Z)-9,13-Tetradecadien-l l-ynal; (Z)-9-Tetradecenal; (Z,E)-9, 11,13- Tetradecatrienal; (Z,E)-9,11-Tetradecadienal; (Z,E)-9,12-Tetradecadienal; (Z,Z)-5,8- Tetradecadienal; (Z,Z)-8,10-Tetradecadienal; (Z,Z)-9,11 -Tetradecadi enal; 10,12-Tetradecadienal; 2,4-Tetradecadienal; 2-Ethyltetradecanal; 3-oxo-13-Tetradecenal; 3-oxo-Tetradecanal; 5,8- Tetradecadienal; 5-Tetradecenal; Norasperenal A; Norasperenal B; Norasperenal C; Norasperenal D; Sargasal I; Sargasal II; Tetradecanal; (6R)-6-Acetoxidichotoma-3,14-diene-l, 17-dial; (6R)-6- Hydroxydichotoma-3, 14-diene- 1 , 17-dial; (E,E)-3 ,7, 11,15-Tetramethyl-6, 10,14-hexadecatrienal; (E,Z)-6,8-Pentadecadienal; (E,Z)-9, 11 -Pentadecadi enal; (E,Z,Z)-2,6,9-Pentadecatrienal; (Z)-10- Pentadecenal; (Z)-2-Chloropentadec-2-enal; (Z)-6,14-Pentadecadienal; (Z,Z)-6,9- Pentadecadienal; (Z,Z)-9, 11 -Pentadecadi enal; 2-Hexyl-2-decenal; Azamial A; Azamial B; Isopachydictyolal; Pentadecanal; Sinularial A; Umbellacin A; Xeniafaraunol A; (1R)-Pimaral; (E)-lO-Hexadecenal; (E)-l l-Hexadecenal; (E)-14-Hexadecenal; (E)-14-Methyl-8-hexadecenal; (E)-3,7, 11,15-Tetramethyl-2-hexadecenal; (E,E)- 10,12-Hexadecadienal; (E,E)- 10, 14-
Hexadecadienal; (E,E)-l l,13-Hexadecadienal; (E,E)-9, 11 -Hexadecadi enal; (E, E,E)-10,12,14- Hexadecatrienal; (E,E,E)-3,7,1 l,15-tetramethyl-2,6,10,14-hexadecatetraenal; (E, E,Z)-10,12,14- Hexadecatrienal; (E,E,Z)-4,6, 11 -Hexadecatri enal; (E,E,Z,Z)-4,6,11,13-Hexadecatetraenal; (E,Z)- 10,12-Hexadecadienal; (E,Z)-11,13-Hexadecadienal; (E,Z)-4,6-Hexadecadienal; (E,Z)-6,11- Hexadecadienal; (E,Z)-8, 11 -Hexadecadi enal; (E,Z)-9, 11 -Hexadecadi enal; (R)-(E)-14-Methyl-8- hexadecenal; (R)-(Z)-14-Methyl-8-hexadecenal; (S)-(E)-14-Methyl-8-hexadecenal; (S)-(Z)-14- Methyl-8-hexadecenal; (Z)-lO-Hexadecenal; (Z)-l 1-Hexadecenal; (Z)-12-Hexadecenal; (Z)-13- Hexadecen-11-ynal; (Z)-14-Methyl-8-hexadecenal; (Z)-3,7,l l,15-Tetramethyl-2-hexadecenal; (Z)-3-oxo-9-Hexadecenal; (Z)-7-Hexadecenal; (Z)-9-Hexadecenal; (Z,E)- 10,12-Hexadecadienal; (Z,E)-11,13-Hexadecadienal; (Z,E)-7, 11 -Hexadecadi enal; (Z,E)-9,11-Hexadecadienal; (Z,Z)- 10,12-Hexadecadienal; (Z,Z)-11,13-Hexadecadienal; (Z,Z)-7,10-Hexadecadienal; (Z,Z)-7,11- Hexadecadienal; (Z,Z)-9, 11 -Hexadecadienal; (Z,Z,E)-7, 11 , 13-Hexadecatrienal; 11 -Hexadecenal; 11-Hexadecynal; 13(16), 14-Spongiadien- 19-al; 2-Methylhexadecanal; 7-Hexadecenal; 9- Hexadecenal; Deacetyl-dihydro-nor-thuridillonal; Dictyodial A; Dihydro-nor-thuridillonal; Hexadecanal; Keikipukalide A; Keikipukalide B; Keikipukalide C; Keikipukalide D; Keikipukalide E; Nor-thuridillonal; Pseudoplexaural; Pukalide aldehyde; Sanadaol; (E)-2- Tridecyl-2-heptadecenal; (Z)-9-Heptadecenal; 1-Heptadecenal; 2-Heptadecenal; Globostelletin C; Globostelletin D; Heptadecanal; (E)-l l-Octadecenal; (E)-13-Octadecenal; (E)-14-Octadecenal; (E)-2-Octadecenal; (E)-6-Octadecenal; (E,E)-l l,14-Octadecadienal; (E,Z)-2, 13 -Octadecadi enal; (E,Z)-3, 13 -Octadecadi enal; (E,Z)-6,l l-Octadecadienal; (Z)-l 1-Octadecenal; (Z)-13-Octadecenal; (Z)-9-Octadecenal; (Z,E)- 13, 15 -Octadecadi enal; (Z,Z)-11,13 -Octadecadi enal; (Z,Z)-13,15- Octadecadienal; (Z,Z)-3,13-Octadecadienal; (Z,Z)-9,12-Octadecadienal; (Z,Z,Z)-9,12,15- Octadecatrienal; 11 -Octadecenal; 13,15-Octadecadienal; 13-Octadecenal; 16-Methyloctadecanal; 1-Octadecenal; 3,6-Dihydroxy-24-nor-9-oxo-9,l l-secocholesta-7,22-dien-l 1-al; 9-Octadecenal; Methyloctadecanal; Octadecanal; Panicein B2; Panicein B3; Panicein C; (Z)-lO-Nonadecenal; (Z)-9-Nonadecenal; 9(11)-Pargueren- 16-al; Hyrtiosal; Nonadecanal; (2E,6Z,9Z)-2-Methyl-2,6,9- eicosatrienal; (Z)-l 1-Eicosenal; 11-Eicosenal; 12,18-di-Episcalaradial; 12b-(3'b- Hydroxybutanoyloxy)-20,24-dimethyl-24-oxo-scalara-16-en-25-al; 12b-(3'b-
Hydroxypentanoyloxy)-20,24-dimethyl-24-oxo-scalara-16-en-25-al; 12-Deacetoxy-12-oxo- scalaradial; 12-Episcalaradial; 15-Eicosenal; 1-Eicosenal; 3-Deacetyl-22,23-dihydro-24,28- dehydroluffasterol B; 3-Deacetylluffasterol B; 9-Eicosenal; Anthogorgiene B; Deacetylscalaradial; Eicosadienal; Eicosanal; Mooloolabene A; MooloolabeneB; Scalaradial; and combinations thereof.
10. The composition of the preceding claim, wherein the aldehyde is selected from the group consisting of hexanal; octanal; decanal; citral; geranial; neral; tetradecan- 1 -al; pentadecan- 1 -al; pentadecen-l-al; hexadecan- 1 -al; (Z)-9-hexadecen-l-al; (Z)-l l-hexadecen-l-al; (7E,9E)-undeca- 7,9-dien-l-al; (HZ, 13Z)-hexadecadien-l-al; (9Z,12E)-tetradecadien-l-al; (8E,10E)-dodecadien- 1-al; (HZ)-hexadecadien-l-al; (9Z)-tetradecen-l-al; 6,10-dimethyl-5,9-undecadien-2-ol; (6E)- 7,11-dimethy 1-3 -methylene- 1,6,10-dodecatriene; [lS-(la,2b,5 a)]- 4,6,6-trimethyl-
Bicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-en-2-ol; 10-Hexadecenal; (Z)-lO-hexadecenal; (E)-lO-hexadecenal; and combinations thereof.
11. The composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the non-aldehyde pheromone is selected from the group consisting of acetate pheromones, alcohol pheromones, ketone pheromones, epoxide pheromones, hydrocarbon pheromones, and combinations thereof.
1
12. The composition of any of the preceding claims, further comprising an auxiliary selected from the group consisting of dispersing agents, surfactants, emulsifiers, wetting agents, biocides, antifoamers, antifreeze agents, rheology modifiers, salts, excipients, and combinations thereof.
13. The composition of the preceding claim, wherein the composition further comprises two or more auxiliaries.
14. The composition of any of the preceding claims, further comprising a carrier.
15. The composition of the preceding claim, wherein the carrier is selected from the group consisting of solvents, polymeric substrates, plastics, wax emulsions, oil emulsions, oil microemulsions, microcapsules, microspheres, zeolites, porous materials, calcium phosphate, and combinations thereof.
16. The composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the aldehyde and/or the polyol are separately encapsulated or co-encapsulated.
17. The composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the aldehyde and/or the polyol are separately encapsulated or co-encapsulated with a material selected from the group consisting of synthetic polymers, polyureas, polyurethanes, polyacrylates, polyamides, polyvinyl alcohols, polyvinylpyrrolidones, semi-synthetic materials, modified celluloses, modified starch derivatives, natural materials, gum Arabic, agar agar, dextrins, alginic acid, alginic acid salts, biodegradable natural polymers, collagen, polysaccharides, starch, dextrin, waxes, chitosan, alginate, cellulose, gelatin, derivatives thereof, and combinations thereof.
18. The composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the composition has an altered rate of evaporation of the aldehyde relative to the aldehyde alone.
19. The composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the composition is a solid at temperatures less than about 35 °C.
20. The composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the composition is storage stable under ambient conditions.
21. A method for altering a rate of evaporation of an aldehyde, the method comprising: contacting the aldehyde with a composition comprising: a polyol comprising 2-20 carbon atoms; optionally a non-aldehyde pheromone; optionally a solvent; and optionally a stabilizer.
22. The method of the preceding claim, wherein the method reduces a rate of evaporation of the aldehyde.
23. The method of any of claims 21-22, wherein contacting the aldehyde with the composition comprises forming a mixture comprising the aldehyde and the composition.
24. The method of any of claims 21-23, further comprising coating the mixture with a polymer.
25. A method for controlling a pest comprising contacting the pest or its environment with a biologically effective amount of a composition comprising: an aldehyde; a polyol comprising 2-20 carbon atoms; optionally a non-aldehyde pheromone; optionally a solvent; and optionally a stabilizer.
26. The method of the preceding claim, wherein the pest is selected from the group consisting of invertebrate pests, insects, arthropods, and combinations thereof.
27. The method of any of claims 25-26, wherein the environment is selected from the group consisting of agricultural fields, orchards, forests, and combinations thereof.
EP24712048.8A 2023-03-15 2024-03-15 Compositions including aldehydes with improved release rate and degradation properties Pending EP4680020A1 (en)

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JPS59222402A (en) * 1983-06-02 1984-12-14 Otsuka Kagu Kogyo Kk Insecticide composition
US5439690A (en) * 1993-05-21 1995-08-08 Ecosmart, Inc. Non-hazardous pest control
WO2013156492A2 (en) * 2012-04-16 2013-10-24 Biobest N.V. Compositions for attracting drosophila
JP6887342B2 (en) * 2017-08-18 2021-06-16 大日本除蟲菊株式会社 Ant repellent composition and ant repellent products using it
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US20250151721A1 (en) * 2021-09-16 2025-05-15 Trustees Of Princeton University Mosquito attractant compositions that mimic human odor in the mosquito brain
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