EP4678293A1

EP4678293A1 - Head of the hydraulic nozzle for dry fog formation and the hydraulic nozzle of the disinfection device for dry fog formation

Info

Publication number: EP4678293A1
Application number: EP24187939.4A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Karol Dzupa; Pavol Pavlovic
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2024-07-11
Filing date: 2024-07-11
Publication date: 2026-01-14

Abstract

The head of the hydraulic nozzle for dry fog formation comprises the outer hollow cylindrical body (1) of the head made of plastic, the face (2) of which has the inner flange (3). In the face (2) of the outer hollow cylindrical body (1) of the head is arranged the ceramic tip (4) having the spherical cap (5) and the jet orifice (6) in its centre, wherein the ceramic tip (4) has the outer rim (7) which abuts against the inner flange (3) of the outer hollow cylindrical body (1). The ceramic tip (4) has the truncated cone-shaped open cavity (8) on one side with at least two flow outlet channels (9) in the conical surface (10) of the open cavity (8) and in the face (11) of the open cavity (8), wherein the flow outlet channels (9) are in the shape of an inequilateral triangle and are terminated by the outlet orifice (34) which leads into the cavity (35) of the jet orifice (6).

Description

Field of the invention

The invention relates to the construction of the hydraulic nozzle head for formation a dry fog and the hydraulic nozzle of the disinfection device for formation a dry fog. The invention generally falls within the fields of industry and environmental protection.

Background of the invention

Dry air in buildings can cause more problems than humidity. Dry air is uncomfortable to breathe and prolonged exposure to dry air is harmful to health. In hospital, administrative, educational, residential and industrial spaces, it is important to carry out air disinfection to eliminate pathogenic bacteria, fungi and viruses as well as to adjust the relative humidity and remove dust from the air. Different designs of devices are used for the application of dry fog according to the specific focus. Ultrasonic air spray nozzles for dry fog are known. The working principle is that high frequency mechanical sound waves are achieved by means of a specially designed vibrating head, which meets and vibrates the compressed air to continuously produce a dense fog of 1 to 10 µm in size, which covers a dust source and maintains a mixing ratio with the dust particles. The atomizing medium generates high-speed vibrations and atomizes into particles. Because the frequency of the vibration exceeds the sound wave, it becomes an ultrasonic atomization nozzle. The pressure of the air and liquid is usually 2 to 3 bars.
The foggy nozzle with an impact pin and a ruby at the tip is known, as described in US 5620142 A , which is screwed into a pressurised system and produces a 25 % dry fog with a particle size of 10 µm at a working pressure of 70 bars.
The nozzle tip solution is known as described in US 4139160 A , wherein the tip of the ceramic nozzle having the cylindrical body is held in the nozzle tip holder by the thin-walled conical sleeve. The atomizing nozzle tip is sealed to the manifold by the sleeve which supports the nozzle tip in the nozzle tip holder. The holder of the nozzle tip is in turn sealed to the passage in the pipe by threaded connection using the retaining nut. When the ceramic tip is fixed in this way, the ceramic tip sometimes cracks due to stresses in the material, or the ceramic tip is pulled out of the threaded joint.
The high-pressure foggy nozzle solution is known, as described in US 6827295 B1 , which has a valve member movably disposed in the first chamber. It also has the nozzle pin movably disposed in the second chamber, the nozzle pin having notches for dispensing fluid and being freely movable. The fluid measuring notches control the flow of fluid through the nozzle orifice to achieve optimum fluid atomizing. The notched pin is the moving member of the system which, at the start of atomizing, if the pin is pushed against the nozzle orifice due to liquid pressure, the nozzle produces a condensing fog.
The particle size of the dry fog is also influenced by the cross section of the pressure medium inlet to the nozzle head. The solution of the irrigation system described in US 6,773,036 B1 is known, wherein the low-pressure water supply from the water distribution system is provided by the pipe of relatively large cross-section introduced perpendicularly through the saddle fitting into the hose of the water distribution system and secured by the clip closure. This solution has the effect that the substantially large cross-section of the pipe does not split the liquid into a non-condensable fog when high liquid pressure is applied.
The above mentioned state of the art implies the need for this hydraulic nozzle to produce dry fog with high efficiency across the entire range of operation. As a result, the design of a hydraulic nozzle head for dry fog formation and the hydraulic nozzle for a disinfection device for dry fog formation according to the invention addresses the deficiencies identified in the prior art, provides increased protection to the ceramic tip, allows serviceability of the nozzle and also provides possibility of easy assembly of the nozzle.

Summary of the invention

According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided the hydraulic nozzle head for producing dry fog, which enables the hydraulic nozzle to produce dry fog at a much higher production rate than known nozzles in the prior art are capable and ensures that the diameter of the dry fog particles is no more than 10 µm.
Substance of the solution according to the invention is that the head of the hydraulic nozzle for formation a dry fog has been developed having the ceramic tip and the body provided with the outer thread and a manipulating hexagon, the head comprising the external hollow cylindrical head body made of plastic, the face of which has the internal flange. The ceramic tip having the spherical cap and the jet orifice at its centre is arranged in the face of the outer hollow cylindrical head body. The jet orifice has the inner diameter ϕ₂ and the outer diameter ϕ₁, which is preferably between 140 µm and 160 µm preferably with the taper ratio 1:8 to 1:12. With thus chosen jet orifice diameters and taper ratio, the atomizing integrity and uniformity of the individual droplets is maximized as well as extending the lifetime of the tip.
The ceramic tip has the outer rim that adheres to the inner flange of the outer hollow cylindrical body, and they are still glued together. The ceramic tip has a truncated cone-shaped open cavity on one side with at least two flow outlet channels arranged in the conical surface of the open cavity continuing to the face of the open cavity. The flow-through outlet channels are terminated by the outlet orifice that leads into the cavity of the jet orifice. The flow outlet channels in the conical surface of the open cavity and in the face of the open cavity of the ceramic tip are preferably flat and are preferably shaped like an inequilateral triangle, wherein the base of the inequilateral triangle is located on the outer rim of the ceramic tip and the vertex of the inequilateral triangle opposite the base is located on the inner diameter ϕ₂ of the jet orifice. The alternative solution is also possible, wherein the flow outlet channels in the conical surface of the open cavity and in the face of the open cavity of the ceramic tip are flat and have the shape of an equilateral triangle. It is the use of triangular shaped flow outlet channels that maximises the atomizing quality, as confirmed in the tests.
The hydraulic nozzle head further comprises the inner hollow cylindrical body with the partition in which the central bridging orifice is provided. The partition on one side of the inner hollow cylindrical body defines the space of the inlet chamber. The partition on the other side of the inner hollow cylindrical body defines the outlet chamber space. In the outlet chamber, axial partitions are arranged around the inner periphery of the outlet chamber, which between them define inlet flow channels for the discharge of the liquid. The inlet flow channels provide for increased liquid flow through the hollow cylindrical body, since the diameter of the movable piston is also substantially smaller than the inner diameter of the inner hollow cylindrical body. Preferably, the inner hollow cylindrical body is inserted in the outer hollow cylindrical body so that over the first rubber or silicone seal it abuts against the outer rim of the ceramic tip. The use of the first seal, in addition to sealing, also allows the protection of ceramic tip, which is fragile, against stresses arising, for example, during the assembly or disassembly of the tip.
The truncated cone-shaped plug and the movable piston are disposed in the outlet chamber, the spring being fitted with one end on the piston and the other end inserted into the cylindrical recess in the plug. The plug thus permanently abuts its face against the face of the open cavity in the ceramic tip. The movable piston in the idle position abuts against the partition and overlaps the central bridging orifice. After the pressure liquid is supplied into the inlet chamber of the inner hollow cylindrical body, the pressure of the fluid is greater than the spring preload and the piston uncovers the bridging orifice. The spring preload is controlled by the working pressure of the liquid and also ensures the removal of foggy particles substantially larger than 10 µm at the beginning of the work when the liquid is supplied to the nozzle. In this way, the fed liquid is passed through the inlet flow channels and the outlet flow channels to the jet orifice in the ceramic tip.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the hydraulic nozzle of the disinfection device for formation a dry fog is provided, comprising the hydraulic nozzle head for formation a dry fog described above. It further comprises the body having the shape of a truncated pyramid with the internal shaped cavity, wherein the flat face of the body has the threaded mounting orifice into which the hydraulic nozzle head is screwed. The hydraulic nozzle further comprises the flange having the recessed semi-cylinder shape, which is movably inserted into the body, the flange having the entry orifice for the needle. The hydraulic nozzle further comprises the second seal that is in contact among the hydraulic nozzle head, the inner hollow cylindrical body and the flange. The hydraulic nozzle further comprises the needle inserted into the inlet orifice having the inner diameter preferably in the range of 1,85 mm to 1,95 mm. The inner diameter in this range provides sufficient liquid supply at a given working pressure to prevent possible clogging, while at the same time providing sufficient resistance of the needle. The hydraulic nozzle further comprises the filter inserted into the inlet chamber. The hydraulic nozzle further comprises the clip which surrounds the truncated pyramid-shaped body to form a compact hydraulic nozzle assembly.
The advantages of the construction of the hydraulic nozzle head for formation a dry fog and the hydraulic nozzle of the disinfection device for formation a dry fog according to the invention, compared to solutions known in the prior art, are apparent from their construction. The significant advantage of the solution according to the invention is the technical effect consisting in the fact that the method of fixing the nozzle tip in the nozzle head guarantees its resistance to bursting even at higher pressures above 7 MPa with a high production of about 90 % of dry fog particles with particles smaller than 10 µm. Contributing to this effect is the fact that the flow outlet channels for dispensing the fluid are not located in a movable member, e.g. the piston in the nozzle head, but are formed on the inner surfaces of the nozzle tip and are terminated by the outlet orifice with a very small cross-section that leads into the cavity of the jet orifice, which also provides an immediate effect of the production of dry fog particles with particles smaller than 10 µm. The triangular flat cross-section of the flow-through outlet channels is essentially a Venturi tube, where the Bernoulli equation implies an increase in the velocity of the outflowing medium in the outlet orifices of the flow-through outlet channels, which results in a more efficient atomization of the fluid into a non-condensable dry fog.

Overview of figures on the drawings

The head of the hydraulic nozzle for formation a dry fog and the hydraulic nozzle of the disinfection device for formation a dry fog designed according to the invention are shown in the drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 shows, in front view, the complete assembly of the hydraulic nozzle.
Fig. 2 shows the hydraulic nozzle in side view.
Fig. 3 shows the hydraulic nozzle in E-E cross-section.
Fig. 4 shows the front view of the hydraulic nozzle head body.
Fig. 5 shows the side cross-section A-A through the nozzle head body.
Fig. 6 shows the side view of the nozzle tip.
Fig. 7 shows the side cross-section D-D of the nozzle tip.
Fig. 8 shows the bottom view of the nozzle tip.
Fig. 9 shows the front view of the inner cylindrical hollow body of the nozzle head.
Fig. 10 shows the side cross-section C-C of the inner hollow cylindrical body of the nozzle head.
Fig. 11 shows the axonometric view of the inner hollow cylindrical body of the nozzle head.
Fig. 12 shows the side view of the plug in the nozzle head.
Fig. 13 shows the view of a side cross-section B-B of the plug in the nozzle head.
Fig. 14 shows the side view of the nozzle body.
Fig. 15 shows the side view of the nozzle body in cross-section.
Fig. 16 shows the axonometric view of the nozzle body.
Fig. 17 shows the axonometric view of the nozzle closure clip.
Fig. 18 shows the view of the side cross-section F-F of the flange of shaped nozzle.
Fig. 19 shows the front view of the flange of shaped nozzle.
Fig. 20 shows the axonometric view of the flange of shaped nozzle.

Examples of embodiments of the invention

The specific examples of embodiments provided below are for illustrative purposes only and should not be understood as limitations on the scope of protection given by the patent claims.

Example 1

In this example, the arrangement of the hydraulic nozzle head construction for dry fog formation is described. The head of the hydraulic nozzle for forming dry fog comprises the outer hollow cylindrical head body 1 provided with the external thread and the manipulating hexagon, which is made of plastic, and the face 2 of which has the internal flange 3 as shown in figures 4 and 5. In the face 2 of the outer hollow cylindrical head body 1 is arranged the ceramic tip 4 with the spherical cap 5 and the jet orifice 6 in its centre. The jet orifice 6 has the inner diameter ϕ₂ and the outer diameter ϕ₁ that is from the interval 140 µm to 160 µm with the taper ratio 1: 10. The ceramic tip 4 has an outer rim 7 as shown in Figs. 6 and 7. The ceramic tip 4 abuts against the inner flange 3 of the outer hollow cylindrical body 1 and they are further glued together as shown in Fig. 3. The ceramic tip 4 has on one side an open cavity 8 in the shape of a truncated cone with two flow outlet channels 9 arranged in the conical surface 10 of the open cavity 8 continuing to the face 11 of the open cavity 8 as shown in Fig. 7. The flow outlet channels 9 are terminated by the outlet orifice 34, which leads out into the cavity 35 of the jet orifice 6. The flow outlet channels 9 in the conical surface 10 of the open cavity 8 and in the face 11 of the open cavity 8 of the ceramic tip 4 are flat and are in the shape of an inequilateral triangle, wherein the base of the inequilateral triangle is located on the outer rim 7 of the ceramic tip 4 and the vertex of the inequilateral triangle opposite the base is located on the inner diameter ϕ₂ of the jet orifice 6 as shown in Fig. 8.
In the alternative solution, the flow outlet channels 9 in the conical area 10 of the open cavity 8 and in the face 11 of the open cavity 8 of the ceramic tip 4 are flat and are in the shape of an equilateral triangle.
The hydraulic nozzle head further includes the inner hollow cylindrical body 12 having the partition 13, in which the central bridging orifice 14 is provided. The partition 13 on one side of the inner hollow cylindrical body 12 defines the space of the inlet chamber 15. The partition 13 on the other side of the inner hollow cylindrical body 12 defines the space of the outlet chamber 16. In the outlet chamber 16, axial partitions 17 are arranged around the inner periphery, which between them define inlet flow channels 18 for the outlet of the liquid as shown in Figs. 9 to 11. The inner hollow cylindrical body 12 is inserted in the outer hollow cylindrical body 1 so that it abuts against the outer rim 7 of the ceramic tip 4 through the rubber first seal 19, as shown in Fig. 3.
The plug 20, shown in Figs. 12 and 13, in the form of a truncated cone, and the movable piston 21 are disposed in the outlet chamber 16, wherein the spring 22 is disposed at one end on the piston 21 and at the other end is inserted into the cylindrical recess in the plug 20. The plug 20 thus permanently abuts with its face against the face 11 of the open cavity 8 in the ceramic tip 4. The movable piston 21 in the idle position abuts against the partition 13 and it overlaps the central bridging orifice 14 as shown in Fig. 3.

Example 2

In this example, the hydraulic nozzle of the dry fog disinfection device shown in Figs. 1 to 3 is described. The hydraulic nozzle comprises the head 23 of the hydraulic nozzle for formation a dry fog, which is connected to the body 24 in the shape of a truncated pyramid, by the flange 27 with the needle 30 surrounded by the clip 33. The hydraulic nozzle further comprises the body 24 shaped like a truncated pyramid having the inner shaped cavity, wherein the flat face 25 of the body 24 has the threaded orifice 26 into which the head 23 is screwed as shown in Figs. 3, 14, 15 and 16. The hydraulic nozzle further comprises the flange 27 having the recess 28 in the shape of a semi-cylinder which is movably inserted into the body 24, the flange 27 having the inlet orifice 29 for the needle 30 as shown in Figs. 18, 19, 20 and 3. The needle 30 has an inner diameter in the range of 1.85 mm to 1.95 mm. The hydraulic nozzle is assembled such that the second seal 31 is in contact among the hydraulic nozzle head 23, the inner hollow cylindrical body 12 and the flange 27, wherein the filter 32 being inserted into the inlet chamber 15 of the inner hollow cylindrical body 12 of the nozzle head 23. The above described components of the hydraulic nozzle are joined into the compact unit by removable clip (33) shown in Figs. 17 and 3.

Industrial applicability

The solution for construction of the hydraulic nozzle head for dry fog formation and the hydraulic nozzle of the disinfection device for dry fog formation according to the present invention is intended for use in systems for disinfection devices and humidification of indoor climate.

List of reference numbers

1.: Outer hollow cylindrical head body
2.: Face of the outer hollow cylindrical body of the head
3.: Inner flange
4.: Ceramic tip
5.: Spherical cap
6.: Jet orifice
7.: Outer rim
8.: Open cavity in the ceramic tip
9.: Flow outlet channel
10.: Conical surface of the open cavity
11.: Face of the open cavity
12.: Inner hollow cylindrical body
13.: Partition
14.: Central bridging orifice
15.: Inlet chamber
16.: Outlet chamber
17.: Axial partition
18.: Inlet flow channel
19.: The first seal
20.: Plug
21.: Movable piston
22.: Spring
23.: Hydraulic nozzle head
24.: Body in the shape of a truncated pyramid
25.: Flat face of the body in the shape of a truncated pyramid
26.: Threaded mounting orifice
27.: Flange with recess
28.: Recess of semi-cylinder shape
29.: Entry orifice for needle
30.: Needle
31.: Second seal
32.: Filter
33.: Clip
34.: Outlet orifice of the flow outlet channel
35.: Cavity of the jet orifice
ϕ1: outer diameter of the jet orifice
ϕ2: inner diameter of the jet orifice

Claims

A hydraulic nozzle head for formation a dry fog with the ceramic tip and the body fitted with the external thread and the manipulating hexagon, characterized in that it comprises:
- an outer hollow cylindrical body (1) of the head made of plastic, whose face (2) has an inner flange (3);

- a ceramic tip (4) arranged in the face (2) of the outer hollow cylindrical body (1) of the head with a spherical cap (5) and a jet orifice (6) in a centre thereof, the ceramic tip (4) having an outer rim (7) that abuts against the inner flange (3) of the outer hollow cylindrical body (1);

- the ceramic tip (4) having on one side an open cavity (8) in the shape of a truncated cone with at least two flow outlet channels (9) in a conical surface (10) of the open cavity (8) and in a face (11) of the open cavity (8), wherein the flow outlet channels (9) are terminated by an outlet orifice (34), which leads into a cavity (35) of the jet orifice (6);

- an inner hollow cylindrical body (12) having a partition (13) with a central bridging orifice (14), wherein the partition (13) on one side of the inner hollow cylindrical body (12) defines a space for an inlet chamber (15) and the partition (13) on the other side of the inner hollow cylindrical body (12) defines the space for an outlet chamber (16), wherein axial partitions (17) are arranged peripherally in the outlet chamber (16) to define inlet flow channels (18) for the discharge of the liquid;

- the inner hollow cylindrical body (12) is inserted in the outer hollow cylindrical body (1) so that it abuts against the outer rim (7) of the ceramic tip (4) via a first seal (19);

- in the outlet chamber (16) a plug (20) in the shape of a truncated cone and a movable piston (21) are placed and a spring (22) is inserted between them so, that the plug (20) abuts against the face (11) of the open cavity (8) in the ceramic tip (4) and the movable piston (21) abuts against the partition (13) and overlaps the central bridging orifice (14), wherein the inlet flow channels (18) are followed by the outlet flow channels (9).
The hydraulic nozzle head for formation a dry fog according to claim 1, characterized in that the jet orifice (6) has the inner diameter ϕ₂ and the outer diameter ϕ₁ that is from an interval of 140 µm to 160 µm with the taper ratio 1:8 to 1:12.
The hydraulic nozzle head for formation a dry fog according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the flow outlet channels (9) in the conical surface (10) of the open cavity (8) and in the face (11) of the open cavity (8) of the ceramic tip (4) are flat and have the shape of an inequilateral triangle, wherein the base of an inequilateral triangle is located on the outer rim (7) of the ceramic tip (4) and the vertex of an inequilateral triangle is located opposite the base on the inner diameter ϕ₂ of the jet orifice (6).
The hydraulic nozzle head for formation a dry fog according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the flow outlet channels (9) in the conical surface (10) of the open cavity (8) and in the face (11) of the open cavity (8) of the ceramic tip (4) are flat and are in the shape of an equilateral triangle, wherein the base of an equilateral triangle is located on the outer rim (7) of the ceramic tip (4) and the vertex of the equilateral triangle opposite the base is located on the inner diameter ϕ₂ of the jet orifice (6).
The hydraulic nozzle head for formation a dry fog according to any one of the previous claims, characterized in that the outer rim (7) of the ceramic tip (4) is glued to the inner flange (3) of the outer hollow cylindrical body (1).
The hydraulic nozzle of the disinfection device for formation a dry fog, characterized in that it comprises:
- a hydraulic nozzle head (23) for formation a dry fog according to any one of the previous claims;

- a body (24) having the shape of a truncated pyramid with the internal shaped cavity, wherein a flat face (25) of the body (24) has a threaded mounting orifice (26);

- a flange (27) with a recess (28) of a semi-cylinder shape, which is movably inserted into the body (24), wherein the flange (27) has an entry orifice (29) for a needle (30);

- a second seal (31) in contact among the hydraulic nozzle head (23), the inner hollow cylindrical body (12) and the flange (27);

- the needle (30) inserted into the entry orifice (29) with the inner diameter in the range of 1,85 mm to 1,95 mm;

- a filter (32) inserted into the inlet chamber (15);

- a clip (33) surrounding the body (24) in the shape of a truncated pyramid.