EP4677970A1 - Dispositif de refroidissement pour un systeme de refroidissement de dispositifs electroniques et procede de refroidissement - Google Patents
Dispositif de refroidissement pour un systeme de refroidissement de dispositifs electroniques et procede de refroidissementInfo
- Publication number
- EP4677970A1 EP4677970A1 EP24708727.3A EP24708727A EP4677970A1 EP 4677970 A1 EP4677970 A1 EP 4677970A1 EP 24708727 A EP24708727 A EP 24708727A EP 4677970 A1 EP4677970 A1 EP 4677970A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- heat exchanger
- cooling
- fluid
- heat
- dielectric fluid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
- H05K7/20709—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating for server racks or cabinets; for data centers, e.g. 19-inch computer racks
- H05K7/208—Liquid cooling with phase change
- H05K7/20809—Liquid cooling with phase change within server blades for removing heat from heat source
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
- H05K7/20218—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating using a liquid coolant without phase change in electronic enclosures
- H05K7/20236—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating using a liquid coolant without phase change in electronic enclosures by immersion
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a cooling device and a cooling system for electronic devices.
- the present invention also relates to a method for cooling an electronic device.
- Servers used for data processing typically have printed circuit boards (PCBs) on which electronic components such as integrated circuits are arranged, which may include central processing units (CPUs), random access memory (RAM), etc. All of these electronic components or devices generate heat when in use. In order to keep the contents at an optimal temperature to maximize the performance of the computer, it is essential to dissipate the heat thus generated and/or to cool the components concerned.
- PCBs printed circuit boards
- CPUs central processing units
- RAM random access memory
- a heat sink with fins or similar elements is used to dissipate heat into the surrounding air.
- a heat sink is then placed in contact with the surface of the electronic chip. This contact may be direct or via a thermal interface material between the two components.
- one or more fans may be used to draw and circulate air to remove heat from the heat sink.
- Such a heat sink may be used in combination with server-side cooling, such as air conditioning.
- this method of cooling is not particularly efficient. It also has a high operating cost and requires very large spaces to handle the air used for cooling.
- Liquid cooling is an alternative to air cooling.
- liquid cooling allows for more efficient heat transfer from electronic components or devices, and thus greater cooling power.
- These liquids are, for example, dielectric fluids, mineral oil or water. Liquids with a high specific heat capacity are particularly advantageous.
- One of the aims of the present invention is therefore to propose a cooling device as well as a cooling system for electronic devices which makes it possible to adapt the cooling power according to each of the components to be cooled and which also makes it possible to facilitate the circuit of the heat fluids intended to circulate within the cooling device.
- the invention relates to a cooling device for a system for cooling electronic components partially immersed in a dielectric fluid comprising a first heat exchanger, the cooling device being characterized in that the first heat exchanger, in particular a plate heat exchanger, is configured to be partially immersed in the dielectric fluid, said first heat exchanger comprising a first circuit for a first heat transfer fluid, and characterized in that the cooling device comprises a second heat exchanger configured to be in contact with a portion of the electronic components, said second heat exchanger being fluidically connected to the first heat exchanger such that the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger together form a second circuit for a second heat transfer fluid.
- Such a cooling device makes it possible to cool several separate elements or several separate circuits from a single source, thus simplifying the circuit.
- the cooling power can be adapted according to each of the components to be cooled.
- the first heat exchanger further comprises a cooling plate configured to be immersed in the dielectric fluid and thermally coupled to the first heat exchanger such that heat produced by the immersed electrical components and transferred via the dielectric fluid to the cooling plate can be removed via the first heat exchanger.
- the first circuit for the first heat transfer fluid comprises a fluid connection between the first heat exchanger heat and the cooling plate. Furthermore, the cooling plate comprises a part of the first circuit for the first heat transfer fluid so that the first heat transfer fluid can circulate inside the cooling plate.
- the fluid connection between the first heat exchanger and the cooling plate is arranged inside the first heat exchanger and the cooling plate.
- the fluid connection is offset outside of said first heat exchanger and the cooling plate.
- the second heat exchanger comprises at least one extension with one end configured to bathe in the dielectric fluid contained in the receptacle.
- a fixing interface may be fixed to the first heat exchanger.
- the cooling plate can be fixed on this fixing interface.
- a thermal interface is arranged between the first heat exchanger and the cooling plate.
- the first heat exchanger and/or the second heat exchanger is/are manufactured by additive manufacturing.
- the invention also relates to a cooling system using such a cooling device, in particular for cooling computer servers.
- this cooling system can be applied to the cooling of other electronic components and devices.
- the cooling system comprises a receptacle intended to contain electronic devices and/or electronic components and dielectric fluid; and the electronic devices and the electronic components are intended to be immersed in the dielectric fluid and the cooling system comprises a cooling device as described above, the first heat exchanger of said cooling device being intended to be immersed at least partially in the dielectric fluid contained in the receptacle.
- the cooling system comprises a means for moving a fluid, such as a pump or a propeller arranged inside the receptacle.
- said movement means is configured to circulate the dielectric fluid contained in the receptacle.
- said movement means is notably immersed in the dielectric fluid contained in the receptacle.
- the second heat exchanger of the cooling device is coupled to at least one of the electronic components intended to be immersed in the dielectric fluid.
- the invention also relates to a method for cooling an electronic device which comprises the following steps:
- the cooling method further comprises an additional step during which there is a circulation of the first heat transfer fluid within the cooling plate immersed in the dielectric fluid, the cooling plate being thermally coupled to the first heat exchanger so that a heat transfer takes place between the first heat transfer fluid and the dielectric fluid.
- the cooling method further comprises an additional step during which the dielectric fluid circulates around a set of electronic components in order to cool them by bubbling.
- Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a cooling system for an electronic device
- Figure 2 is a schematic representation of a first embodiment of a cooling device of the cooling system of Figure 1;
- Figure 3 is a schematic representation of a second embodiment of a cooling device of the cooling system of Figure 1;
- Figure 4 is a schematic representation of a variant of the cooling system for an electronic device of Figure 1.
- certain elements or parameters may be indexed, such as for example first element or second element as well as first parameter and second parameter or even first criterion and second criterion, etc.
- it is a simple indexing to differentiate and name elements or parameters or criteria that are close, but not identical. This indexing does not imply a priority of one element, parameter or criterion over another and such names can easily be interchanged without departing from the scope of the present description. This indexing also does not imply an order in time for example to assess this or that criterion.
- FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a system 1 for cooling electronic components 5.
- This cooling system 1 comprises a receptacle 3 intended to contain electronic devices 5 and/or electronic components 5 as well as dielectric fluid 7.
- the electronic devices 5 and the electronic components 5, which tend to emit heat during their operation, are immersed in the dielectric fluid 7 in order to be cooled by it.
- the electronic components 5 are for example computer components such as graphics processing units (GPUs), central processing units (CPUs) or switching components. These electronic components 5 are generally used in servers within a data center. Since these components 5 are very small, a large number of these components 5 can be arranged in the servers. However, this compact arrangement is synonymous with a greater quantity of heat generated per component which needs to be dissipated efficiently. Furthermore, the cooling requirements can vary from one type of electronic component to another.
- GPUs graphics processing units
- CPUs central processing units
- switching components are generally used in servers within a data center. Since these components 5 are very small, a large number of these components 5 can be arranged in the servers. However, this compact arrangement is synonymous with a greater quantity of heat generated per component which needs to be dissipated efficiently. Furthermore, the cooling requirements can vary from one type of electronic component to another.
- a cooling device 10 comprising a first heat exchanger 11.
- This first heat exchanger 11 is in particular a plate heat exchanger which is partially immersed in the dielectric fluid 7.
- This first heat exchanger 11 comprises a first circuit for a first heat transfer fluid.
- This first heat transfer fluid may in particular be in the form of a water-based coolant, a dielectric fluid, or even a refrigerant fluid.
- the cooling device 10 further comprises a second heat exchanger 13 configured to be in contact with a portion of the electronic components 5.
- the second heat exchanger 13 is fluidically connected to the first heat exchanger 11 such that the first heat exchanger 11 and the second heat exchanger 13 together form a second circuit for a second heat transfer fluid.
- This second heat transfer fluid may in particular be in the form of a two-phase fluid.
- the second heat transfer fluid is therefore caused to change state during its circulation in the second circuit. More particularly; the second two-phase heat transfer fluid may undergo evaporation inside the second heat exchanger 13, that is to say that at least a portion of the second heat transfer fluid changes from the liquid state to the gaseous state, while this same second two-phase heat transfer fluid may undergo condensation inside the second heat exchanger 13. inside the first heat exchanger 11, that is to say that at least a portion of the second heat transfer fluid passes from the gaseous state to the liquid state.
- the stacking of the plates in the first heat exchanger 11 delimits on the one hand at least part of the first circuit for the first heat transfer fluid and on the other hand at least part of the second circuit for the second heat transfer fluid, this is illustrated in particular in FIGS. 2 and 3.
- the second heat transfer fluid therefore circulates on the one hand in the part of the second circuit partially delimited by the first heat exchanger 11 where the second heat transfer fluid undergoes a heat exchange with the first heat transfer fluid, and it circulates on the other hand in the part of the second circuit partially delimited by the second heat exchanger 13.
- the second heat exchanger 13 is configured to be thermally coupled to an electronic device comprising electronic components 5 immersed in the dielectric fluid 7.
- the second heat exchanger 13 is used to evacuate the heat emitted by the electronic components 5 of the electronic device to which it is coupled.
- the cooling device 10 may comprise a cooling plate 15 which is immersed in the dielectric fluid 7.
- This cooling plate 15 is then thermally coupled to the first heat exchanger 11 so that the heat produced by the immersed electrical components 5 and transferred via the dielectric fluid 7 to the cooling plate 15 can be evacuated via the first heat exchanger 11.
- Such a cooling plate makes it possible to further adjust the temperature of the dielectric fluid 7 contained in the receptacle 3.
- the surface area of the cooling plate 15 is between 40% and 80% of the surface area inside the receptacle 3. According to one embodiment, the surface area of the cooling plate 15 corresponds to 60% of the surface area inside the receptacle 3.
- the cooling plate 15 may in particular be fixed to the first heat exchanger 11 by brazing. Such a connection of the cooling plate 15 to the first heat exchanger 11 may make it possible to reinforce the structure of the cooling device 10. This also makes it possible to ensure the sealing of the cooling device 10.
- a fixing interface can be fixed on the first heat exchanger 11.
- the cooling plate 15 is then fixed on this fixing interface.
- Using a fixing plate between the heat exchanger and the cooling plate 15 allows greater freedom of arrangement of the heat exchanger and the cooling plate 15.
- the first circuit for the first heat transfer fluid comprises a fluid connection 17 between the first heat exchanger 11 and the cooling plate 15.
- the cooling plate 15 then comprises a part of the first circuit for the first heat transfer fluid, so that the first heat transfer fluid can circulate inside the cooling plate. This is represented in particular by the solid arrows in FIGS. 2 and 3. In this first embodiment, there is therefore a heat exchange between the first heat transfer fluid and the dielectric fluid 7 via the cooling plate 15.
- the fluid connection 17 between the first heat exchanger 11 and the cooling plate 15 is arranged inside the first heat exchanger 11 and the cooling plate 15 in order to allow the circulation of the first heat transfer fluid between these two elements.
- This embodiment is illustrated in particular in FIGS. 2 and 3.
- the fluid connection 17 notably comprises an inlet 18 and an outlet 19.
- the inlet 18 allows the circulation of the first heat transfer fluid from the first heat exchanger 11 to the cooling plate 15 while the outlet 19 allows the circulation of the first heat transfer fluid from the cooling plate 15 to the first heat exchanger 11.
- the first circuit therefore allows the first heat transfer fluid to circulate within the first heat exchanger 11 to ensure a heat exchange with the second heat transfer fluid, and also inside the cooling plate 15 to allow the dielectric fluid 7 in which the cooling plate 15 is immersed to be cooled.
- the fluid connection 17 is arranged inside said first heat exchanger 11 and the cooling plate 15.
- This variant has the advantage of being very compact.
- the heat transfer fluid circuit in said cooling plate 15 has at least two passes, and a bypass device, active or passive, forming a fluid connection between the two passes, the bypass device being configured to open or close the connection between the two passes so as to reduce the fluid circuit by bypassing a portion of said circuit.
- the exchange surface of the cooling plate 15 is minimized or not, which has the effect of modulating the power.
- the idea is to prevent the circulation of the fluid in a part of the plate so as not to cool the bubbling bath more than necessary.
- a thermal interface can be arranged between the first heat exchanger 11 and the cooling plate 15.
- This embodiment is not illustrated in the figures.
- This thermal interface can in particular be made of graphite and/or a thermal paste. Using such a thermal interface between the heat exchanger and the cooling plate 15 makes it possible to increase the heat transfer and thus to limit heat losses. Other types of thermal interfaces can be envisaged.
- the first heat exchanger 11 and/or the second heat exchanger 13 can be manufactured by additive manufacturing.
- Additive manufacturing makes it possible to easily add surface extensions to the first heat exchanger 11 and/or to the second heat exchanger 13.
- Additive manufacturing generally leaves greater freedom for the design of the parts and makes it possible to create complex shapes.
- the second heat exchanger 13 of the cooling device 10 is coupled to at least one of the electronic components 5 intended to be immersed in the dielectric fluid 7.
- the second heat exchanger 13 comprises at least one extension 21 with an end 23 which is also immersed in the dielectric fluid 7 contained in the receptacle 3.
- This extension 21 is cooled by the second heat transfer fluid which circulates inside the second heat exchanger 13.
- the end 23 of this extension 21 which is immersed in the dielectric fluid 7 thus also cools the dielectric fluid 7 contained in the receptacle 3.
- the extension 21 is cooled by conduction with the body of the second heat exchanger 13.
- the circuit of the second heat transfer fluid passes through this extension 21 at least partially immersed in the dielectric fluid 7 contained in the receptacle 3.
- a method of cooling an electronic device using a cooling system 1 with a cooling device 10 notably include the following steps:
- Such a method allows several elements to be cooled from a single source, thus simplifying the circuit.
- the cooling power can be adapted according to each of the components to be cooled.
- This method may further comprise an additional step during which there is a circulation of the first heat transfer fluid in the liquid state within the cooling plate 15 immersed in the dielectric fluid, the cooling plate 15 being thermally coupled to the first heat exchanger.
- This method may further comprise an additional step during which there is a circulation of the second heat transfer fluid within the extension 21 of the second heat exchanger 13, one end 23 of the extension 21 being immersed in the dielectric fluid 7.
- An active circulation of the second heat transfer fluid within the extension 21 of the second heat exchanger 13 promotes the heat exchange between the end 23 of the extension 21 and the dielectric fluid 7 contained in the receptacle 3 of the cooling system 1, thus making it possible to effectively cool the electronic components 5 which are immersed in this same dielectric fluid.
- This method may also include an additional step during which the dielectric fluid 7 circulates around a set of electronic components 5 in order to cool them by bubbling. This circulation of the dielectric fluid 7 around the components contained in the receptacle 3 may be active, or it may be passive.
- the cooling system 1 may in particular comprise a means 8 for setting said dielectric fluid 7 in motion.
- a means 8 for setting the dielectric fluid 7 in motion is illustrated in particular in FIG. 4.
- This means 8 for setting the dielectric fluid in motion is configured to set the dielectric fluid 7 contained in the receptacle 3 into circulation in order to circulate around the electronic components 5 contained in this same receptacle 3.
- Such a setting in motion by a means 8 for setting the dielectric fluid in motion makes it possible to promote heat exchange and to homogenize the temperature within the dielectric fluid 7, thus making it possible to regulate the heat rejection by the electronic components 5.
- This movement means 8 may in particular be in the form of a pump or a propeller arranged inside the receptacle 3 which contains the dielectric fluid 7.
- the movement means 8 may be fixed to the receptacle 3.
- the movement means 8 is in particular immersed in the dielectric fluid 7 contained in the receptacle 3.
- the movement means 8 may comprise a spray nozzle configured to distribute the dielectric fluid 7 over some or all of the electronic components 5. Such a spray nozzle makes it possible to reach the electronic components 5 which are difficult to access.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2302188A FR3146572A1 (fr) | 2023-03-09 | 2023-03-09 | Dispositif de refroidissement pour un système de refroidissement de dispositifs électroniques et procédé de refroidissement |
| PCT/EP2024/055132 WO2024184159A1 (fr) | 2023-03-09 | 2024-02-28 | Dispositif de refroidissement pour un systeme de refroidissement de dispositifs electroniques et procede de refroidissement |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4677970A1 true EP4677970A1 (fr) | 2026-01-14 |
Family
ID=86468739
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP24708727.3A Pending EP4677970A1 (fr) | 2023-03-09 | 2024-02-28 | Dispositif de refroidissement pour un systeme de refroidissement de dispositifs electroniques et procede de refroidissement |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4677970A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3146572A1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2024184159A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20130091866A1 (en) * | 2011-10-12 | 2013-04-18 | International Business Machines Corporation | Thermoelectric-enhanced, vapor-condenser facilitating immersion-cooling of electronic component(s) |
| FR3042886B1 (fr) * | 2015-10-26 | 2018-05-11 | Calyos Sa | Equipement informatique avec bloc d'alimentation electrique refroidi |
| JP6720752B2 (ja) * | 2016-07-25 | 2020-07-08 | 富士通株式会社 | 液浸冷却装置、液浸冷却システム、及び液浸冷却装置の制御方法 |
| FR3113996B1 (fr) * | 2020-09-07 | 2022-10-28 | 2Crsi | Système de refroidissement par immersion et ciblé d’au moins un serveur informatique en vue de valoriser la chaleur extraite |
-
2023
- 2023-03-09 FR FR2302188A patent/FR3146572A1/fr active Pending
-
2024
- 2024-02-28 EP EP24708727.3A patent/EP4677970A1/fr active Pending
- 2024-02-28 WO PCT/EP2024/055132 patent/WO2024184159A1/fr not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2024184159A1 (fr) | 2024-09-12 |
| FR3146572A1 (fr) | 2024-09-13 |
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Owner name: VALEO ELECTRIFICATION |