EP4665967A1 - Lagereinheit und windenergieanlage mit einer lagereinheit - Google Patents
Lagereinheit und windenergieanlage mit einer lagereinheitInfo
- Publication number
- EP4665967A1 EP4665967A1 EP24704208.8A EP24704208A EP4665967A1 EP 4665967 A1 EP4665967 A1 EP 4665967A1 EP 24704208 A EP24704208 A EP 24704208A EP 4665967 A1 EP4665967 A1 EP 4665967A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- hub
- bearing
- bearing ring
- bearing unit
- rotor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D1/06—Rotors
- F03D1/065—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
- F03D1/0658—Arrangements for fixing wind-engaging parts to a hub
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
- F03D80/70—Bearing or lubricating arrangements
- F03D80/701—Pitch or yaw bearings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2240/00—Components
- F05B2240/50—Bearings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2260/00—Function
- F05B2260/70—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades
- F05B2260/79—Bearing, support or actuation arrangements therefor
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
Definitions
- the invention relates to a bearing unit for the fastening and angular adjustment of a rotor blade on a hub of a wind turbine according to the preamble of claim 1, as well as a wind turbine according to the preamble of claim 13.
- the rotor blades of wind turbines are attached to the hub using large roller bearings.
- the large roller bearings enable the adjustment of the angle of attack of the rotor blades to the wind, which is required, among other things, to regulate the power of the wind turbine.
- a drive is required for the adjustment, which is conventionally mounted on the hub side, i.e. fixed, and adjusts the blade, for example, via a hydraulic cylinder acting on the rotating part of the blade bearing unit.
- the hub with the attached large roller bearings and the blade pitch drives could be transported to the wind turbine construction site pre-assembled. Due to the continuously increasing nominal power and the associated growth in size of wind turbines, pre-assembled hubs that match the desired blade root diameters can often no longer be transported by road.
- so-called extender solutions have been developed in which the hub is kept as compact as possible. So-called hub extenders are then mounted on the connection surfaces of the hub, which in turn carry the large roller bearings to which the rotor blades are attached. In this way, the transport restrictions can be circumvented by bringing several more compact components to the construction site and assembling them there.
- the pitch drive is still designed as a hydraulic adjustment cylinder, which is mounted on the hub side together with the fixed part of the large roller bearing. This is particularly advantageous with regard to the supply of hydraulic medium, which is kept centrally in the hub for all blade adjustment drives, because then the hydraulic medium does not have to be transferred to the rotating blade.
- the object of the invention is therefore to provide a bearing unit for the fastening and angle adjustment of a rotor blade to the hub of a wind turbine and a wind turbine which, despite the use of a rotor hub extension, enables a cost-effective and simple structural connection of the blade adjustment drive, thereby simplifying the assembly of the bearing unit and also the installation in the field and improving the accessibility of the drive components of the blade adjustment for maintenance work.
- a bearing unit having the features of claim 1 and a wind turbine having the features of claim 13.
- the second bearing ring is coaxial with the first bearing ring and is arranged so as to be rotatable about the common axis relative to the first bearing ring.
- the bearing unit also comprises at least one row of rolling elements that can roll between the bearing rings in a raceway system and an adjustment drive that is designed to adjust the angle of the two bearing rings relative to one another.
- the first bearing ring is formed in one piece with a rotor hub extension that extends on the hub side in the axial direction beyond the second bearing ring and in whose hub-side end region the first fastening holes are arranged.
- the adjustment drive comprises at least one electric adjustment motor, a shaft driven by the adjustment motor and a drive pinion arranged on the shaft.
- the drive pinion meshes with a toothing formed on the inside of the first bearing ring.
- the adjustment motor is arranged on the blade side on a stiffening plate mounted on the second bearing ring and the shaft extends through an eccentrically arranged recess in the stiffening plate.
- the installation space available in the rotor blade is used to accommodate the adjustment motor.
- the use of an electric adjustment motor as a rotating drive simplifies the structural design as well as the assembly and installation of the bearing unit in the wind turbine in the field.
- the power supply to the motor on the rotating ring can be provided via a simple slip ring from the hub. In contrast to a hydraulic supply, no pressure-tight rotary unions are therefore required.
- the inventive integration of the adjustment drive in the bearing unit reduces the assembly work to be carried out on site to screwing the bearing unit on the hub and blade side, as well as creating an electrical power supply.
- the adjustment drive comprises a gearbox that is interposed between the adjustment motor and the shaft. The gearbox adjusts the speed of the motor to the desired adjustment speed of the rotor blade.
- a control unit for controlling the electric adjustment motor can also be arranged on the stiffening plate, preferably on the side facing the hub.
- a control unit for controlling the electric adjustment motor can also be arranged on the stiffening plate, preferably on the side facing the hub.
- a battery unit for emergency operation of the adjustment motor can be arranged on the stiffening plate, preferably on the side facing the hub.
- the battery unit can ensure an autonomous supply of the adjustment motor with electrical current for a limited period of time.
- the battery unit can have a capacity that enables at least an emergency shutdown of the wind turbine by moving the rotor blade to the feather position.
- the first bearing ring forms the outer ring of the bearing unit and the toothing is formed in the hub-side end region of the rotor hub extension.
- the stiffening plate is screwed to the second bearing ring on the hub side. In this way, the axial distance between the fastening of the adjustment motor on the stiffening plate and the tooth engagement of the drive pinion in the toothing is reduced. The rigidity of the adjustment drive is thereby increased.
- a second stiffening plate can optionally be screwed to the second bearing ring on the blade side, which has a recess for the adjustment motor to pass through. The second stiffening plate creates further stiffening of the blade connection surface and thus contributes to an equalization of the forces introduced into the raceway system. The recess in the second stiffening plate also allows the installation space in the blade root to be used to accommodate the adjustment motor.
- the first bearing ring forms the inner ring of the bearing unit and the toothing is formed on the inside in the area of the raceway system.
- the rotor hub extension does not have to bridge the entire radial distance between the connection surface of the rotor hub and the connection surface of the rotor blade, but the radial width of the raceway system of the bearing unit also contributes to bridging the distance.
- these embodiments have a smaller radial lever arm of the rotor hub extension.
- the stiffening plate is preferably screwed to the second bearing ring on the blade side.
- the rotor hub extension preferably has a generally conical shape, the diameter of which decreases from the raceway system to the hub-side end region.
- the rotor hub extension has an outer diameter on its hub-side fastening surface that is smaller than an inner diameter of the first bearing ring in the area of the raceway system. In this way, the technical advantage is achieved of being able to fasten the largest possible rotor blades to the smallest possible hub.
- the larger diameter of the raceway system compared to the outer diameter of the rotor hub extension on the hub-side fastening surface also increases the load-bearing capacity of the blade bearing, which has a positive effect on durability and service life.
- a wind turbine comprising a tower, a nacelle and a rotor rotatably mounted on the nacelle.
- the rotor comprises a hub and a plurality of rotor blades rotatably mounted on the hub, wherein at least one of the rotor blades is mounted on the hub by means of the bearing unit described above.
- the hub preferably has an annular stiffening means in a connection area for the bearing unit. The use of an annular stiffening means in the connection area of the hub ensures that the drive components of the bearing unit remain accessible.
- the annular stiffening means can, for example, be a cast-on stiffening ring or a stiffening plate with a sufficiently large central recess that allows access to the components of the adjustment drive.
- Fig. 1 shows schematically a wind turbine according to the invention, the rotor blades of which are mounted on the hub by means of bearing units according to the invention
- Fig. 2 shows schematically a partially sectioned, perspective view of a rotor hub with two bearing units according to the invention according to a first embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 3 and 4 show schematic, partially sectioned, perspective detail views of the bearing unit according to Fig. 2, and
- Fig. 5 shows schematically a second embodiment of the bearing unit according to the invention, in which the first bearing ring forms the inner ring of the bearing unit.
- a wind turbine 100 according to the invention is shown.
- the wind turbine 100 comprises a tower 110, a nacelle 120 and a rotor 130 rotatably mounted on the nacelle 120.
- the rotor 130 comprises a hub 150 and a plurality of rotatably mounted on the hub 150 mounted rotor blades 140.
- the rotor 130 usually comprises three rotor blades 140 as shown.
- the rotor blades 140 are rotatably mounted on the hub to enable the power of the wind turbine 100 to be controlled in fluctuating wind conditions.
- the rotor blades 140 can be adjusted to the vane position, i.e. in the direction of the wind, in order to minimize the power consumption of the rotor blades 140 and to take the wind turbine 100 out of operation.
- At least one of the rotor blades 140 is mounted on the hub 150 by means of a bearing unit 1 according to the invention.
- a bearing unit 1 Preferably, all of the rotor blades 140 are mounted on the hub 150 by means of bearing units 1 according to the invention.
- bearing units 1 according to the invention and their fastening to the hub 150 are explained in more detail below with reference to Figures 2 to 5.
- Fig. 2 to Fig. 4 show a first embodiment of a bearing unit 1 according to the invention, which is attached to the hub 150 of a wind turbine.
- Fig. 2 shows a perspective, partially sectioned view of a hub 150 with two bearing units 1 attached to it.
- the hub 150 has an annular stiffening means 160.
- the annular stiffening means 160 is designed here as a cast-on stiffening ring. Such an annular stiffening means 160 allows access to the components of the bearing unit 1 from the inside of the hub 150 and in this way simplifies assembly and maintenance work.
- the first embodiment of the bearing unit 1 according to the invention for fastening and angularly adjusting a rotor blade to a hub 150 of a wind turbine shown in Figures 2 to 4 comprises a first bearing ring 2 with first fastening holes 3 for fastening to the hub 150 and a second bearing ring 4 with second fastening holes 5 for fastening to the rotor blade 140 (see Figure 1).
- the second bearing ring 4 is arranged coaxially to the first bearing ring 2 and rotatable relative to the first bearing ring 2 about the common axis A.
- the first bearing ring 2 is formed in one piece with a rotor hub extension 10.
- the rotor hub extension 10 extends on the hub side in the axial direction A beyond the second bearing ring 4.
- the first fastening holes 3 are arranged in the hub-side end region E of the rotor hub extension 10.
- the rotor hub extension 10 is preferably conical and widens in diameter from the hub-side end region E to the blade-side fastening surface. It is particularly preferred if the rotor hub extension 10 has an outer diameter D on its hub-side fastening surface 22 that is smaller than an inner diameter d of the first bearing ring 2 in the region of the raceway system 6 (see Fig. 2).
- the bearing unit 1 further comprises at least one row of rolling elements 7, 8 that can roll between the bearing rings (2, 4) in a raceway system 6.
- three rows of rolling elements are provided, in particular two axial roller rows 7 and one radial roller row 8.
- the rolling elements can be, for example, cylindrical rollers, tapered rollers or balls.
- the first bearing ring 2 and/or the second bearing ring 4 is formed in at least two parts, for example with a support ring 2'; 4' and a retaining ring 2"; 4".
- bearing rings 2, 4 with the raceway system 6 and the rolling elements 7, 8 form a three-row roller bearing connection (as shown in the figures) or a double-row four-point ball bearing (not shown). Combinations of roller and ball raceways are also possible if necessary.
- the bearing unit 1 comprises an adjustment drive 9, which is designed to adjust the angle of the two bearing rings 2, 4 relative to one another.
- the adjustment drive 9 comprises at least one electric adjustment motor 11, a shaft 12 driven by the adjustment motor 11 and a drive pinion 13 arranged on the shaft 12.
- the drive pinion 13 meshes with a toothing 14 formed on the inside of the first bearing ring 2.
- the toothing 14 is preferably provided over the entire circumference of the bearing unit 1.
- a toothing 14 that is only formed in segments on the inner circumference of the bearing unit 1 is also conceivable, in which case the center angle of the toothing segment(s) corresponds to the maximum adjustment angle of the adjustment drive 9.
- the toothing segments can, for example, have a center angle between 30° and 360°.
- the electric adjustment motor 11 is arranged on the blade side on a stiffening plate 15 mounted on the second bearing ring 4, which has an eccentric recess 16 through which the shaft 12 extends.
- fastening means are provided on the stiffening plate 15, such as a flange or a bolt circle (not shown).
- the adjustment motor 11 extends in the axial direction A on the blade side beyond the second bearing ring 4 and thus uses the installation space available in the rotor blade 140.
- the adjustment motor 11 therefore extends in the axial direction A preferably completely in the area of the bearing unit 1 and, if applicable, the rotor blade 140.
- the bearing unit 1 can also be equipped with several electric adjustment motors 11 of the same design distributed over the circumference of the gearing 14. This can be particularly advantageous for wind turbines 100 in the multi-megawatt range in order to better distribute the acting forces over the gearing circle.
- the adjustment drive 9 comprises a gear 17 which is interposed between the adjustment motor 11 and the shaft 12 in order to convert the motor speed to a preferred adjustment speed of the rotor blade 140.
- the adjustment motor 11 can be attached to the stiffening plate 15 by means of the gear 17.
- the stiffening plate 15, which serves to attach the adjustment motor 11, can also be used for the space-optimized arrangement of the motor control.
- a control unit 18 for controlling the electric adjustment motor 11 is arranged on the hub side of the stiffening plate 15.
- a battery unit 19 for emergency operation of the adjustment motor 11 can preferably be arranged on the hub side of the stiffening plate 15.
- a converter 23 can be arranged on the hub side of the stiffening plate 15.
- the control unit 18 and/or the battery unit 19 and/or the converter 23 preferably extend completely within the bearing unit 1 in the axial direction A.
- the interior of the hub 150 can therefore preferably remain completely free of components for controlling the adjustment drive 9 and the above-mentioned Components of the variable speed drive in the rotor hub extension can be mounted independently of the hub.
- the first bearing ring 2 forms the outer ring of the bearing unit 1 and the toothing 14 is formed in the hub-side end region E of the rotor hub extension 10.
- the stiffening plate 15 is connected to the hub side with the second bearing ring 4. This reduces the axial distance between the fastening of the adjustment motor 11 to the stiffening plate 15 and the tooth engagement of the drive pinion 13.
- a second stiffening plate 20 can be screwed to the second bearing ring 4 on the blade side, which has a recess 21 for the passage of the adjustment motor 11.
- the two stiffening plates 15, 20 together with the second bearing ring 4 form a particularly torsion-resistant construction for fastening the rotor blade 140 in the manner of a sandwich construction with a comparatively low weight, which has a favorable effect on the load introduction into the blade.
- the first stiffening plate 15 and - if present - also the second stiffening plate 20 preferably have an opening 24 for maintenance work.
- the opening 24 is preferably dimensioned such that a mechanic can climb through the opening into the interior of the blade.
- the opening 24 is preferably arranged centrally in the stiffening plate 15, 20.
- the toothing 14 along the extension of the rotor hub extension 10 can be spaced apart from the raceway system 6 by a distance X that corresponds to at least half the axial extension Y of the second bearing ring 4.
- This sufficiently large spacing of the toothing 14 reliably protects the raceway system 6 from the introduction of impermissibly large adjustment forces that could damage the raceway system 6 and/or the rolling elements 7, 8.
- the distance X even exceeds the axial extension Y of the second bearing ring 4.
- Fig. 5 shows a second embodiment of the bearing unit 1 according to the invention.
- the first bearing ring 2 forms the inner ring of the bearing unit 1 and the toothing 14 is formed on the inside in the area of the raceway system 6.
- the stiffening plate 15 is screwed to the second bearing ring 4 on the blade side.
- the bearing unit can include a grease pump for lubricating the raceway systems of the bearing unit.
- a locking device for locking the adjustment drive or the angle adjustment (a so-called pitch lock) can also be integrated into the bearing unit.
- These add-on parts can also be mounted on one of the two stiffening plates.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wind Motors (AREA)
- Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102023103435.9A DE102023103435A1 (de) | 2023-02-13 | 2023-02-13 | Lagereinheit und Windenergieanlage mit einer Lagereinheit |
| LU103069A LU103069B1 (de) | 2023-02-13 | 2023-02-13 | Lagereinheit und Windenergieanlage mit einer Lagereinheit |
| PCT/EP2024/053604 WO2024170556A1 (de) | 2023-02-13 | 2024-02-13 | Lagereinheit und windenergieanlage mit einer lagereinheit |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4665967A1 true EP4665967A1 (de) | 2025-12-24 |
Family
ID=89897225
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP24704208.8A Pending EP4665967A1 (de) | 2023-02-13 | 2024-02-13 | Lagereinheit und windenergieanlage mit einer lagereinheit |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4665967A1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN120958231A (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2024170556A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE202005007450U1 (de) * | 2004-05-17 | 2005-07-14 | Hehenberger, Gerald, Dipl.-Ing. | Adapter zum Befestigen von Rotorblättern einer Windkraftanlage an einer Rotornabe und Windkraftanlage mit solchen Adaptern |
| DE102007008166A1 (de) | 2007-02-14 | 2008-08-21 | Nordex Energy Gmbh | Windenergieanlage mit einer Pitchdrehverbindung |
| EP2623772A1 (de) * | 2012-02-06 | 2013-08-07 | Alstom Wind, S.L.U. | Windturbinenrotor |
| DE102018211430A1 (de) | 2017-12-21 | 2019-06-27 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | Windkraftanlage, Rotorsystem, Verfahren zur Verwendung einer Windkraftanlage |
-
2024
- 2024-02-13 CN CN202480012543.7A patent/CN120958231A/zh active Pending
- 2024-02-13 WO PCT/EP2024/053604 patent/WO2024170556A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2024-02-13 EP EP24704208.8A patent/EP4665967A1/de active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2024170556A1 (de) | 2024-08-22 |
| CN120958231A (zh) | 2025-11-14 |
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Legal Events
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Owner name: THYSSENKRUPP ROTHE ERDE GERMANY GMBH Owner name: THYSSENKRUPP AG |