EP4650021A1

EP4650021A1 - Set of blocks

Info

Publication number: EP4650021A1
Application number: EP24020155.8A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Jacek Skolik
Original assignee: Grembox Sp Z OO
Current assignee: Grembox Sp Z OO
Priority date: 2024-05-17
Filing date: 2024-05-17
Publication date: 2025-11-19

Abstract

A set of blocks formed by bending blanks on the dividing lines of creasing, perforation, bigoperforation or notching, characterized in that it contains blocks (3, 7) consisting of a body (1, 5) and at least one insert (2, 6, 4, 8) located inside the body (1, 5), having side slots (13. 1) along the entire length of the sections connecting the side walls (1.2, 1.3, 5.2) of the formed body (1, 5), and having a bottom slot (13.2) along the length of the sections surrounding the horizontally located center wall (2.1, 6.1) of the basic insert (2, 6) located inside the body (1, 5), wherein side walls (2.2, 6.2) locate almost vertically above its center wall (2.1, 6.1).

Description

Field of technology

The invention refers to a set of blocks formed by bending blanks on dividing lines of creasing, perforating, bigo-perforating or notching so that three-dimensional blocks are formed. The set of blocks also includes matching to the blocks overlays and/or accessories and a repair set.

Background on the invention

A set of blocks made of corrugated cardboard or cardboard is a toy that is a collection of pieces die-cut from sheet materials, advantageously by die-cutting technology on manual or automatic presses using either flat or rotary die-cutters.
Such blocks are suitable for self-assembly by a child and/or adults. Once assembled, the blocks acquire a three-dimensional form.

State of the art

From the state of the art, corrugated cardboard blocks are known to be formed from blanks into a three-dimensional form by bending their segments, joined together by inserting flanking protrusions into matching openings. Each folded block has a protrusion inserted into a recess accessible from the lower base of the block.

Essence of the invention

The purpose of the present solution is to propose a set of self-assembling building blocks enabling the realization of an exceptionally wide range of construction variants distinguished by their utility value, being at the same time made of relatively inexpensive materials such as corrugated cardboard or cardboard. The purpose of this solution is also to offer a solution that encourages the child and/or caregiver to make permanent changes to the elements of the set, such as drawing, painting, gluing surfaces, perforating, cutting or permanently joining the elements of the toy with each other or with other objects made by the child.
This goal is achieved by a set of building blocks according to the present invention.
The object of the invention is a set of blocks formed by bending flat blanks on the dividing lines of creasing, perforating, bigo-perforating or notching, comprising blocks consisting of a body and at least one insert situated inside the body, the blocks having side slots along the entire length of the sections connecting the side walls of the formed body and having a bottom slot along the length of the sections surrounding the center wall of the base insert, situated horizontally in the body of the block. The side walls of this insert are provided almost vertically, above and to the sides of its center wall.
In the block according to the invention, the base insert located inside the body of the block divides this interior with its horizontally located center wall into a chamber closed on all sides and a cavity below, accessible from below. It makes it possible to connect to other blocks by overlapping the upper, tapered part of the blocks below. For a stronger connection of the blocks, the depth of the cavity can be increased, forcing the indentations on the side walls to extend the top slot.
The included blocks, as well as the objects made from them, are characterized by relatively high resistance to static loads. It is mainly due to their base inserts, made of a much stiffer material, for example, five-layer corrugated cardboard. According to the invention, a one-segment base insert is embedded in the body of a one-segment block, while a two-segment base insert is embedded in the body of a two-segment block. The number of segments of the base insert corresponds to the number of segments of the body. Situated almost vertically, the side walls of these inserts take the weight of the blocks above and the weight of the objects on the blocks. Base inserts can have more walls to additionally reinforce the blocks. These walls may be, for example, an extension of one of the side walls by another one locating horizontally at the top of the chamber and containing a centrally located slot, and by another one providing its second, vertical support. Preferably, the base inserts are made of a material of higher rigidity than the body - for example, cardboard with more layers or cardboard of higher weight.
In the building-forming blocks, according to the invention, the weight of successive layers of blocks is carried mainly by the rigid side walls of the base inserts, divided in successive layers by the horizontally located upper walls of the block bodies. The exception is the layer of blocks located lowest (on the floor). In the blocks that form it, the almost vertical side walls of their base inserts rest in the zones of their interlocking faults on the edges of the trapezoidal protrusions. The entire load resulting from the blocks above, or additionally the child situated on them, rests here on the trapezoidal protrusions, sidewalls and shaped protrusions, which, like the entire body of the block, are made of a material of lower mechanical strength. Hence, advantageously according to the invention, a foundation insert is proposed for these lower blocks. Its use in the body of the block further increases the strength of the structure. The very rigid foundation inserts act as supports for the vertically located side walls of the base inserts, transferring the weight of the structure directly to the ground on which the structure is founded. Hence, a foundation insert is placed in the body under the base insert. Foundation inserts can be either die-cut from cardboard or wood-like material, or can be a wooden plate, filling a cavity. It can also be an element with similar geometric characteristics made of polymers. Thanks to the foundation inserts in the set of blocks according to the invention, an additional and significant increase in strength against static and dynamic loads is achieved.
The block according to the invention is a one-segment block or a two-segment block or a multi-segment block. The blocks consist of segments. Two-segment blocks and multi-segment blocks are a double or multiple horizontally elongated form of a one-segment block, which may consist of ten or even more segments. Multi-segment blocks are then longer and have more top slots defining the boundaries between segments. In addition, the base inserts of multi-segment blocks can be equipped with two openings or more.
According to the invention, the two-segment foundation insert has the form of a spiral with a rectangular outline, while the one-segment foundation insert has the form of a spiral with a square outline.
The body of a one-segment block has the form of a truncated pyramid with square bases parallel to each other, in which all its side walls are tapering upward trapezoids, the surface of which is set at the same angle to the top wall. On the other hand, the body of a two-segment or multi-segment block has the form of a solid with rectangular bases parallel to each other, in which all of its side walls are upwardly tapering trapezoids, the surface of which is set at the same angle to the top wall. According to the invention, each of the longer bases of the trapezoids defining the side walls is connected to the longer bases of the trapezoids forming the protrusions, which, when bent, stiffen the lower edges of the block body. The angled sides of two opposite trapezoids with shorter bases connect to the shaped protrusions. The shaped protrusions, like the base inserts when the block is folded, prevent it from returning to its flat form and increase the structure's resistance to loads.
According to the invention, the top wall of the body of either a two-segment block or a multi-segment block has at least one top gap. This slot defines the boundaries between the segments.
Advantageously, the two-segment insert has a rectangular-shaped center wall with a central opening, and two isosceles trapezoid-shaped side walls connected by their longer base to the longer side of the center wall, with the length of the longer base of the side wall being greater than the length of the longer side of the center wall. The longer side wall base has interlocking faults at its ends, while each side wall on the side of its shorter base has a perpendicular central indentation. On the other hand, the one-segment insert has a square-shaped central wall with a central opening and two alternating isosceles trapezoidal side walls connected by their longer base to opposite sides of the central wall, with the length of the longer base of the side wall being greater than the length of the side of the central wall. The longer base of the side wall has interlocking faults at its ends.
The locking faults according to the invention prevent the base insert from slipping out (falling out) of the block body. This is achieved by the spring-loaded protrusions popping into the locking faults and locking the base insert.
The protrusions according to the invention perform the following functions:

they stiffen the lower edges of the block;
they have a spring-loaded effect, compressing the block below at the perimeter, which increases the strength of the connection of the blocks to each other.

According to the invention, there are triangular slots between the blocks forming the horizontal rows. The cross-section of the slot is in the form of an isosceles triangle, the arms of which converge towards the bottom and the base at the top has a dimension responding to the multiplied thickness of the material of which the block body is made, preferably 4 to 10 times.
The set of blocks according to the invention includes at least one overlay and/or at least one accessory. The overlay has a multi-layered top wall with a rectangular outline, the length and width of which are equal to one or a multiple of the segment defining the bottom base of the block body of a one-segment block, and it provides a covering for the upper surfaces of objects made of blocks that are subject to increased static or dynamic loads. Overlays are for installation on selected areas of objects made of blocks, which are subject to increased static or dynamic loads. Overlays placed on blocks, are thresholds, sills, etc., significantly strengthen the upper bases of blocks weakened by top gaps. Overlays reinforce these zones with several additional layers, resulting in increased resistance to static and dynamic loads. Like blocks, overlays have a length of one or more segments. Their width can also include more than one block segment.
A very important part of the set is a potentially unlimited range of accessories equipped with protrusions for installation in a number of functionally useful slots located in the blocks and between the blocks. Blocks and accessories can be of various sizes, allowing construction of structures that can accommodate children and even adults, or designed to create structures for larger or smaller dolls. With the same dimensions of the lower bases and similar dimensions of the upper bases, the blocks can be of different heights. For their compatibility, it is advantageous such that the height of the tallest of the blocks corresponds to the height of the stacks / pillars arranged from several blocks of smaller heights.
Hence, the accessory according to the invention has at least one protrusion, advantageously hooked and/or straight, whereby the accessory may also be a flat extension of the protrusion constituting a hook or containing an opening or other mounting element. Preferably, at least one protrusion of the accessory has geometrical features enabling it to be installed in a side slot and/or in a bottom slot and/or in a top slot. The accessory imitates a product of technology or a creation of nature. When the accessory possesses at least two hook-like protrusions, the target is that both of them should be inserted into the vertical triangular slots between the walls of the two blocks. On the other hand, when the accessory has at least one straight protrusion, it can be installed in either the bottom slot or the top slot or the side slot. The protrusions can also be self-contained mounting elements, not permanently connected to the objects installed on the blocks. Then they can be independently installed in the gap between the blocks, or in any slot of the block, or in the slot of the object suspended from the block.
The resistance of the blocks to static loads is mainly due to their inserts made of a much thicker and stiffer material. Despite the high stiffness of this material, assembling the inserts is easy, as their construction is very simple.
Blocks and accessories can be made of corrugated cardboard with different number of layers, cardboard or thicker paper. The materials can also be laminates with polymer films. It is also possible to make blocks from polymers, such as polypropylene.
The set of blocks and accessories according to the invention is distinguished by its unique utility values, thanks to the wide range, provided with protrusions - accessories that can be installed on/in objects made of blocks.
The set of blocks and accessories is also distinguished by the fact that the blocks themselves, as well as the objects made from its blocks, have increased load resistance and are superior in this respect to other, sets of blocks made from similar materials. This is determined by the construction of the body of the block itself, as well as its base inserts, and its foundation inserts, and overlays that significantly strengthen the upper bases of the blocks. This allows a child to stand or sit on the blocks without any possible deformation of their upper walls. In objects made of blocks, the overlays act as upper surfaces subject to increased load, such as: door thresholds, sills, seats, recliners, stair treads, countertops, loading surfaces of vehicles and other solutions.
The set of blocks also includes a repair set, consisting of self-adhesive materials and adhesives, sheets of cardboard, cardboard and paper, and tools for processing them. It facilitates the activities mentioned in another section of this specification and is a facilitator for educational activities involving repairing what has been damaged.

Definitions

Block means a one-segment block or a two-segment block, as well as a multiple of a segmented block - for example, a three-segment block as well as a ten-segment block, an eleven-segment block, etc., i.e., it means a block that is a multiple of a one-segment block.
Segment means approximately the geometric form of the whole block or its body or its insert, corresponding to the features of these elements in the one-segment variant of the block.
The body and/or insert are made, for example, of corrugated cardboard, cardboard, thicker paper, polymeric materials including polypropylene, as well as materials based on a combination of paper and polymer.
Accessories imitate creations of technology, such as, for example, doors, shutters, roofs, shelves, cabinets and other furniture or their fragments such as tabletops, picture frames, lamps, clocks, flowerbeds, information and school signs, decorative elements of architectural monuments and many others. They can also imitate creations of nature, such as, for example, plants, stones and rocks, clouds, planets and stars, waterfalls, insects, fish and other animals, parts of living beings' bodies, such as heads, limbs, eyes, ears, hair and many others. Accessories can carry didactic content, especially when covered with graphics. They also significantly enrich the range of possible thematic games. Profiled accessories can be available in a set (for example, the accessories shown in Fig. 14) or, for example, prepared for self-decoration based on the included pattern. In the gaps between the blocks, connectors are installed, which are accessory releases. They are compatible with the blocks.
Repair kit - the set of blocks according to the invention is also accompanied by a repair kit containing self-adhesive materials, adhesives, sheets of cardboard, cardboard and paper together with tools for their processing. The use of the repair kit constitutes an educational activity for the user of the toy showing that damaged objects can be repaired restoring them to a similar appearance and function to the original.
For the sake of a better understanding of the embodiments described in the following examples they are reduced to the relevant essential information, and the illustrations shown in the figures are very schematic and do not reflect real conditions. It should be noted that the figures also do not reflect the actual colors of the decorative elements of the block, overlay or other accessories.
The terms "first", "second", "third" block or slot, accessory used in the description and in the patent claims are used to distinguish similar elements, not to describe a sequential or chronological order. It should be understood that terms used in this manner are interchangeable in appropriate circumstances, and that the embodiments of the invention described herein have the possibility of operating in other sequences than those described or illustrated herein.
The examples represent selected embodiments to which, however, the invention should in no way be limited. In particular, the various embodiments are not limited to use in the form described. To improve the effects, it is possible to combine them with each other.

Brief description of the drawings

The object of the invention in an exemplary embodiment is illustrated in the drawing, in which:

Fig. 1a: shows a converging perspective view of the inverted two-segment body and the inverted two-segment base insert above it;
Fig. 1b: shows an inverted view of a two-segment block with a two-segment base insert installed in a two-segment body;
Fig. 1c: shows a view of a two-segment block in convergent perspective;
Fig. 1d: shows an inverted view of the two-segment body from Fig. 1c;
Fig. 1e: presents a flat pattern sheet of the body of a two-segment block;
Fig. 2a: shows the two-segment base insert from Fig. 1a;
Fig. 2b: presents a flat pattern sheet of the base insert for a two-segment block;
Fig.3a: shows a view of a one-segment block in convergent perspective, with the base insert slid upward;
Fig. 3b: shows a view of a one-segment block in perspective coinciding with the slots;
Fig.3c: shows an inverted view of the one-segment body from Fig. 3b;
Fig.3d: presents a flat pattern sheet of the body of a one-segment block;
Fig.4a: shows the base insert from Fig. 3a;
Fig.4b: presents a flat pattern sheet of the base insert for a one-segment block;
Fig. 5a: shows a cross-sectional view of a two-segment block with a two-segment insert placed in it, taken along the slot on the top wall.
Fig.5b: shows a view of a two-segment block with a cross-section of its body, taken perpendicular to the slot on the top wall, illustrating the function of the faults of the two-segment insert.
Fig. 6a: shows a cross-sectional view of a one-segment block with a base insert;
Fig. 6b: shows a one-segment block in a cross-sectional view of its body taken perpendicular to the cross-section in the previous figure, revealing the functioning of the one-segment insert faults;
Fig. 7: shows a convergent perspective view of the two-segment foundation insert;
Fig. 8: shows the location of a two-segment foundation insert in a two-segment block;
Fig. 9: shows the location of a two-segment foundation insert in a two-segment block;
Fig. 10: shows the location of a one-segment foundation insert in a one-segment block;
Fig. 11: shows the cross-sectional view of a one-segment block with one-segment foundation insert;
Fig. 12: shows the flat pattern sheet of an overlay;
Fig. 13: shows a view of two two-segment blocks with a two-segment overlay superimposed on them, which in its left part is an A-A cross-section, with the line pattern revealed in Fig. 12;
Fig. 14: shows, in convergent perspective, a view of one of a plurality of possible examples of embodiments for a set of blocks with accessories installed in their slots;
Fig. 15a: presents in convergent perspective the fifth example embodiment of the accessory, equipped with hooked protrusions;
Fig. 15b: presents a vertical cross-section through a block wall, showing the hooked protrusions engaged in a triangle slots among the blocks;
Fig. 16a: presents in convergent perspective view the sixth example embodiment of an accessories accompanying the blocks, equipped with two straight protrusions;
Fig. 16b: shows a vertical cross-section through the block wall, showing how the straight protrusions of Fig. 16a locate in their bottom slots,
Fig. 17: presents a view of two-segment blocks setting up a wall of an object.

Detailed description of the invention

This description presents example embodiments of a set of blocks formed by folding blanks on dividing lines of creasing, perforation, bigo-perforation or notching, thanks to which blocks are created together with matching accessories and/or overlays. They can be made of corrugated cardboard, cardboard, thicker paper, polymer materials such as polypropylene, as well as materials based on the combination of paper and polymer. Preferably, the one-segment block has a side dimension of the base from 1 cm to 50 cm.
Fig. 1a shows a converging perspective view of the inverted two-segment body 1 and the inverted two-segment base insert 2 above it before its installation in the body 1 of the two-segment block 3. Fig. 1b shows a view of the two-segment block 3 in an inverted position with the two-segment basic insert 2 installed in the two-segment body 1. When the blank of the two-segment body 1 is assembled, side slots 13.1 are formed along the entire length of the sections connecting the side walls 1.2, 1.3 of the formed two-segment body, and a bottom slot 13.2 is formed, advantageously along the entire length of the four sections surrounding the center wall 2. 1 of the two-segment base insert 2 embedded in the two-segment body 1. Fig. 1c, in turn, presents the two-segment body 1 of the two-segment block 3. The body 1 of either the two-segment block 3 or the multi-segment block has the form of a solid with rectangular bases parallel to each other, in which all the side walls 1. 2, 1.3, are tapering trapezoids, the surface of which is set at the same angle to the top wall 1.1. The two-segment body 1 has the top wall 1.1 divided into two parts by the top gap 1.1.1, two smaller side walls 1.2. and two larger side walls 1. 3. Along the entire length of the sections connecting the side walls 1.2, 1.3 of the assembled body 1, the two-segment block 3 has side slots 13.1. The top wall 1.1. of the two-segment block 1 is rectangular in shape with the length of the longer side twice the length of the shorter side. The two smaller side walls 1.2 are trapezoidal in shape. Each smaller side wall 1.2 connects with its shorter base to the shorter side of the top wall 1.1. The two larger side walls 1.3 are also trapezoidal in shape. Each larger side wall 1.3 connects with its shorter base to the longer side of the top wall 1.1. The top wall 1.1 has a top slot 1.1.1 placed centrally and parallel to its shorter sides, extended on both sides to the larger side walls 1.3. Fig. 1d shows the inverted body 1 of the two-segment block 3. This figure shows that each smaller side wall 1.2 has a protrusion 1.2. 1 in the shape of a trapezoid connected by its longer base to the longer base of the smaller sidewall 1.2, and shaped protrusions 1.2.2 connected to the shoulders of the smaller sidewall 1.2. Each larger sidewall 1.3 has a protrusion 1.3.1 in the shape of a trapezoid connected by its longer base to the longer base of the larger sidewall 1.3. Fig. 1e shows the flat pattern sheet of the two-segment body 1, according to the invention, which is folded according to the lines marked thereon. The two-segment body 1 is formed by bending in the same direction, along the sides of the upper wall 1.1, the smaller side walls 1.2 and then their shaped protrusions 1.2.2. so that they locate on the inside of the folded two-segment body 1. Then the larger side walls 1.3 are bent in the same direction. The protrusions 1.2.1 of the smaller side walls 1.2 and the protrusions 1.3.1 of the larger side walls 1.3 are bent to the inside of the folded two-segment body 1.
The two-segment base insert 2 is shown in Fig. 2a. The two-segment base insert 2 has a center wall 2.1 in the shape of a rectangle with a central opening 2.1.1 and two side walls 2.2 in the shape of an isosceles trapezoid connected by their longer base to the longer side of the center wall 2.1. The length of the longer base of the side wall 2.2 is greater than the length of the longer side of the center wall 2.1. The longer base of the sidewall 2.2 has interlocking faults at its ends 2.2.1 .The two-segment base insert 2 has four interlocking faults 2.2. 1 .Each sidewall 2.2 on the side of its shorter base has a perpendicular central indentation 2.2.2. Fig. 2b shows the flat pattern sheet of the base insert 2 for the two-segment block 3, which is folded according to the lines marked thereon. The two-segment base insert 2 is formed by bending in the same direction, along the longer base of the side walls 2.2.
Fig.3a, on the other hand, shows a view of the one-segment block 7 in convergent perspective, with the one-segment base insert 6 extending upward. The one-segment block 7 consists of a one-segment body 5 and a one-segment base insert 6 inserted inside the one-segment body 5. The body 5 of the one-segment block 1 is in the form of a truncated pyramid with square bases parallel to each other. According to the invention, the one-segment body 5 has a top wall 5.1 in the shape of a square with a side length equal to the length of the shorter side of the top wall 1.1 of the two-segment body 5, and four side walls 5.2 in the shape of a trapezoidal, preferably isosceles, as shown in Fig. 3b. When the blank of the one-segment body 5 is folded, as presented in Fig. 3c, four side slots 13.1 are formed along the entire length of the sections connecting the side walls 5.2 of the formed one-segment body 5. Each of the four side walls 5.2 of the one-segment body 5 connects with its shorter base to the side of the top wall 5.1. Each side wall 5.2 has a protrusion 5.2. 1 in the shape of a trapezoid, preferably isosceles, connected by its longer base to the longer base of the side wall 5.2. In addition, two alternating side walls 5.2 have shaped protrusions 5.2.2 connected to the shoulders of these side walls 5.2 of the one-segment body 5. Fig. 3d shows the flat pattern sheet of the body 5 of the one-segment block 7, according to the invention, which is assembled according to the lines marked thereon. The one-segment body 5 is formed by bending the side walls 5.2 along the sides of the top wall 5.1 in the same direction. Also in the same direction are bent along the arms of the side walls 5.2 their shaped protrusions 5.2.2 so that they are on the inside of the folded one-segment body 5. Then the protrusions 5.2.1 of the side walls 5.2 are bent in an inward direction of the folded one-segment body 5.
On the other hand, Fig. 4a shows a one-segment base insert 6 for a one-segment body 5 of a one-segment block 7.The one-segment base insert 6 has a square-shaped middle wall 6.1 with a central opening 6.1.1 and two alternate side walls 6.2 in the shape of a trapezoid, preferably isosceles, connected by their longer base to opposite sides of the top wall 6. The length of the longer base of the sidewall 6.2 is greater than the length of the side of the middle wall 6.1. The longer base of the sidewall 6.2 has interlocking faults 6.2.1 at its ends. The one-segment base insert 6 has four interlocking faults 6.2.1. Fig. 4b shows the flat pattern sheet of the base insert 6 for the one-segment block 7, which is folded according to the lines marked thereon. The one-segment base insert 6 is formed by bending the side walls 6.2 in the same direction along the longer base.
In the interior of the two-segment body 1 of the two-segment block 3 shown in Fig. 5a, the two-segment base insert 2 divides this interior with its horizontally located center wall 2.1 into a chamber 1 closed on all sides. 4 and a cavity 1.5 below it, accessible from below. Cavity 1.5 makes it possible to connect one block to another block by applying the two-segment block 3 with its side from cavity 1.5 to the upper, tapered part of the block below.
Figs. 5a and 5b show how to place a two-segment base insert 2 inside a folded two-segment body 1 of a two-segment block 3:

a) the side walls 2.2 of the two-segment basic insert 2 are located on the inward side of the larger side walls 1.3 of the two-segment body 1,
b) the central indentations 2.2.2 of the side walls 2.2 of the two-segment basic insert 2 correspond to the extensions of the top slot 1.1.1 of the top wall 1.1 of the two-segment body 1 located on its larger side walls 1.3,
c) the interlocking faults 2.2.1 of the two-segment basic insert 2 rest on the edges of the smaller bases of the protrusions 1.2.1 of the smaller side walls 1.2 of the two-segment body 1 of the two-segment block 3.

Fig. 6a, on the other hand, shows a cross-sectional view of a one-segment block 7, with a one-segment base insert 6 placed in one-segment body 5, which divides this interior with its horizontally located center wall 6.1 into an all-enclosed chamber 5. 4 and a cavity 5.5 below, accessible from the bottom. Cavity 5.5 makes it possible to connect with other blocks by placing a one-segment block 7 with its side from cavity 5.5 onto the upper, tapered part of the blocks below.
Moreover, Figs. 6a and 6b show in cross-section a one-segment body 5 of a one-segment block 7 with a one-segment base insert 6 placed therein. The one-segment base insert 6 is placed inside the assembled one-segment body 6 in such a way that:

a) the side walls 6.2 of the one-segment basic insert 6 are located on the inward side of the side walls 5.2 of the one-segment body 5,
b) the interlocking faults 6.2.1 of the one-segment base insert 6 rest on the edges of the smaller bases of the protrusions 5.2.1 of the side walls 5.2 of the one-segment body 5.

According to the invention, a two-segment foundation insert 4 can be placed inside the two-segment body 1 of the two-segment block 3 in addition to the two-segment base insert 2. The two-segment foundation insert 4 is in the form of a spiral with a rectangular outline, having shorter sides 4.1 and longer sides 4.2, as shown in Fig. 7. The placement of the two-segment foundation insert 4 and the two-segment base insert 2 inside the two-segment body 1 is shown in Fig. 8. The inverted two-segment block 3 shows that the bottom slot 13. 2 is covered by a two-segment foundation insert 4 inserted inside the two-segment body 1. The remaining slots - side slots 13.1 and top slot 1.1.1 in the two-segment body 1 can be used according to the purpose of the present invention. The outer length of the shorter side 4.1 corresponds approximately to the length of the shorter base of the protrusion 1.2.1 of the smaller side wall 1.2 of the two-segment body 1 and the outer length of the longer side 4.2 corresponds approximately to the length of the shorter base of the protrusion 1.3.1 of the larger side wall 1.3 of the two-segment body 1. The height of the two-segment foundation insert 4 corresponds to the depth of the cavity 1.5.
According to the invention, inside the one-segment body 5 of the one-segment block 7, a one-segment foundation insert 8 can be placed in addition to the one-segment base insert 6. The one-segment foundation insert 8 is in the form of a spiral with a square outline, with equal sides 8.1 - an unassembled one-segment foundation insert 8 is shown in Fig. 9. The placement of the one-segment foundation insert 8 and the one-segment foundation insert 6 inside the one-segment body 5 of the one-segment block 7 is shown in Fig. 10. It can be seen that in the one-segment block 7 the bottom slot 13.2 is covered by the one-segment foundation insert 8 inserted inside the one-segment body 5. The remaining side slots 13.1 in the one-segment body 5 can be used according to the purpose of the present invention. The one-segment foundation insert 8 of the one-segment body 5 of the one-segment block 7 is square-shaped by which the outer length of the side 8.1 corresponds approximately to the length of the shorter base of the protrusion 5.2.1 of the side wall 5.2 of the one-segment body 5. The height of the one-segment foundation insert 8 corresponds to the depth of the cavity 5. 5 Fig. 11 shows the one-segment body 5 of the one-segment block 7 with the one-segment base insert 6 inside it and the one-segment foundation insert 8 underneath it. The same is the arrangement of the two-segment foundation insert 4 in the two-segment body 1 of the two-segment block 3.
The flat pattern sheet of the overlay 9 according to the invention is shown in Fig. 12, while Fig. 13 shows a view of two two-segment blocks with a two-segment overlay 9 superimposed thereon, which in its left part is an A-A cross-section, with the line course disclosed in Fig. 12. As illustrated in Fig. 12, the overlay 9 has a rectangular shaped top wall 9.1 and two rectangular smaller side walls 9.2 connected to the shorter sides of the top wall 9.1. The overlay 9 also has two rectangular larger side walls 9.3 connected to the longer sides of the top wall 9.1. Each smaller side wall 9.2 has shaped protrusions 9.2.3 at its shorter sides. Each smaller side wall 9. 2 has a first protrusion 9.2.1 in the shape of an isosceles trapezoid connected to it with its longer base and a second protrusion 9.2.2 in the shape of a right-angled trapezoid connected to the first protrusion 9.2.1 with its longer base. The first larger side wall 9.3 has a first shaped protrusion 9.3.1 in the shape of an isosceles trapezoid connected to it by its longer base and a second shaped protrusion 9.3.2 in the shape of a rectangle whose shorter side has a dimension approximately corresponding to the length of the shorter side of the upper wall 9. 1 The second larger side wall 9.3 has a first protrusion 9.3.3 in the shape of an isosceles trapezoid connected to it by its longer base and a second protrusion 9.3.4 in the shape of a rectangle connected to the first protrusion 9.3.3 by its longer side. The length of the arms of the second protrusion 9.3.4 corresponds approximately to the length of the shorter side of the top wall 9.1 and on its outer edge the second protrusion 9.3.4 has a centrally located semicircular cutout 9.3.5.
The length of the longer side of the top wall 9.1 is equal to the distance between the axes of the top slots 1.1.1 of the top walls 1.1 of the two two-segment blocks 3 touching with the bases of their smaller side walls 1.2.
The overlay 9 of Fig. 12 is formed by bending in the same direction along the sides of the upper wall 9.1 the smaller side walls 9.2 and the larger side walls 9.3. Also, in the same direction are bent along the shorter sides of the smaller side walls 9.2 their shaped protrusions 9.2.3 so that they are located on the inside of the folding overlay 9. Then the protrusions 9.2.1 of the smaller side walls 9. 2 and the protrusions 9.3.1 of the larger sidewalls 9.3 are bent in an inward direction of the folding overlay 9. Next, the second protrusions 9.2.2 of the smaller sidewalls 9.2 are first placed on the undersurface of the upper sidewall 9.1, then the second shaped protrusion 9.3.2 of the first larger sidewall 9.3 and finally the second protrusion 9.3.4 with a semicircular cutout 9.3.5 of the second larger sidewall 9.3.
Fig. 13 shows two two-segment blocks 3 touching each other with the bases of the smaller side walls 1.2 between which there are triangular slots 13. The transverse cross-section of the slot 13 is in the form of an isosceles triangle, the arms of which converge downward and the base at the top has a dimension corresponding to the multiplied thickness of the material of which the two-segment body 1 of the two-segment block 3 is made, advantageously 4 to 10 times. An overlay 9 is placed on two adjacent two-segment blocks 3. One folded smaller sidewall 9.2 of the overlay 9 is inserted into the top slots 1.1.1 of each two-segment block 3, while the folded larger sidewalls 9. 3 are adjacent to the larger side walls of the two-segment block 3. The top wall 9.1 of the overlay 9 connects the two two-segment blocks 3 to each other and reinforces their top walls 1.1. The top wall 9.1 of the overlay 9 is rectangular in shape. In this case, the overlay 9 connects either two one-segment blocks 7 or a one-segment block 7 to a two-segment block 3 or a multiple thereof. If the overlay 9 connects the one-segment block 7 and the two-segment block 3, then the side wall 9.2 of the overlay 9 on one side enters the top slot 1.1.1 and the other walls of the overlay 9 are adjacent to the side walls 1.2, 5.2 of the blocks 3, 7.
Fig. 14 shows, in convergent perspective, a view of one of a plurality of possible example embodiments of making a set of blocks with accessories installed in their slots. Four two-segment blocks 3 were used to make it. On the two lower two-segment blocks 3, a third two-segment block 3 was inserted into their top slots 1.1.1. One part of the top wall 1.1 of each of the two lower two-segment blocks 3 was placed into the cavity 1.5 of the third two-segment block 3. On top of the third two-segment block 3, a fourth two-segment block 3 was placed. On top of the third two-segment block 3, a recess 1.5 of the fourth two-segment block 3 was superimposed. The recess 1.5 makes it possible to connect with other blocks by superimposing on top of the narrowed part of the blocks below. In one side slot 13.1 of the first two-segment block 3 and in one side slot 13.1 of the second two-segment block 3 an accessory according to the first example embodiment in the form of an extended protrusion 10.1 is introduced. In two side slots 13.1 of the fourth two-segment block 3, at the analogous larger side wall 1.3 of the two-segment body 1 an accessory according to the second example embodiment in the form of an extended protrusion 10.2, while an accessory according to the third example embodiment in the form of an extended protrusion 10.3 was introduced into the two consecutive side slots 13.1 of the fourth two-segment block 3. In the bottom slot 13.2 of the fourth block an accessory according to the first example of implementation in the form of an extended protrusion 10.1 was introduced, only imitating a different body part than in the bottom blocks 3. In turn, an accessory according to the fourth example of implementation was introduced into the top slot 1.1.1 of the fourth two-segment block 3. According to the invention, depending on the decorative elements placed on the respective accessory 10.1, 10.2, 10.3, 10.4 or the way the accessory is formed and decorated by the user, the respective accessory may have a different function - for example, according to the example shown in Fig. 14, it may represent hands or teeth, ears, eyes or hair.
Fig. 15a shows a fifth example embodiment of an accessory, which may be a shelf 11. The shelf 11 has two sidewalls 11.1, the extension of which is provided by protrusions 11.2. These protrusions are advantageously hook-like protrusions. In the wall formed of two-segment blocks 3, shown in Fig. 15b, the shelf 11 is mounted in such a way that the hooked protrusions 11.2 of its side walls 11.1 are located in triangular slots 13 between the two-segment blocks 3.
According to the sixth example embodiment, an additional accessory accompanying the blocks 3, 7, may be a box 12. The box 12 is shown in Fig. 16a in a converging perspective view. The box 12 has twin protrusions 12.2 connected to the long edge of the rectangular top wall 12.1, Advantageously these are two straight protrusions.
Fig. 16b shows a transverse vertical cross-section of a wall of twin blocks 3. In the lower slot of one of the blocks are inserted the straight protrusions 12.2 of the box 12.
Fig. 17 shows a section of a wall made of two-segment blocks 3. A tight triangular slots 13 are formed between the smaller side walls 1.2 of adjacent two-segment blocks 3.

List of reference signs in the figures

1: two-segment body
1.1: top wall
1.1.1: upper slot
1.2: smaller side wall
1.2.1: protrusion
1.2.2: shaped protrusion
1.3: larger side wall
1.3.1: protrusion
1.4: chamber
1.5: cavity
2: two-segment basic insert
2.1: central wall
2.1.1: central opening
2.2: side wall
2.2.1: locking fault
2.2.2: central indentation
3: two-segment block
4: two-segment foundation insert
4.1: shorter side
4.2: longer side
5: one-segment body
5.1: top wall
5.2: side wall
5.2.1: protrusion
5.2.2: shaped protrusion
5.4: chamber
5.5: cavity

6: one-segment base insert
6.1: center wall
6.1.1: central opening
6.2: side wall
6.2.1: locking fault
7: one-segment block
8: one-segment foundation insert
8.1: side
9: overlay
9.1: upper wall
9.2: smaller side wall
9.2.1: first protrusion
9.2.2: second protrusion
9.2.3: shaped protrusion
9.3: larger side wall
9.3.1: first protrusion
9.3.2: second shaped protrusion
9.3.3: first protrusion
9.3.4: second protrusion
9.3.5: semicircular cutout
10.1: accessory according to the first example embodiment
10.2: accessory according to the second example embodiment
10.3: accessory according to the third example embodiment
10.4: accessory according to the fourth example embodiment
11: shelf - accessory according to the fifth example embodiment
11.1: sidewall
11.2: hooked protrusion
12: box - an accessory according to the sixth example embodiment
12.1: top wall
12.2: straight protrusion
13: gap between blocks
13.1: side gap of a one block
13.2: bottom gap of a one block

Claims

A set of blocks formed by bending the blanks on the dividing lines of creasing, perforation, bigo-perforation or notching, characterized in that it contains blocks (3, 7) consisting of a body (1, 5) and at least one insert (2, 6, 4, 8) located inside the body (1, 5), the blocks having side slots (13.1) along the length of the sections connecting the side walls (1.2, 1.3, 5.2) of the formed body (1, 5) and having a bottom slot (13.2) along the length of the sections surrounding the horizontally located middle wall (2.1, 6.1) of the basic insert (2, 6) located in the body (1, 5), the side walls (2.2, 6.2) of the insert locate almost vertically above its middle wall (2.1, 6.1).
A set of blocks according to claim 1, characterized in that the base insert (2, 6) located in the interior of the body (1, 5) of the block (3, 7) divides this interior with its horizontally located central wall (2.1, 6.1) into a chamber (1.4, 5.4) closed on all sides and a cavity (1.5, 5.5) below, accessible from below.
A set of blocks according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a foundation insert (4, 8) is placed in the body (1, 5) under the base insert (2, 6).
A set of blocks according to claim 3, characterized in that the two-segment foundation insert (4) has the form of a spiral with the outline of a rectangle, while the one-segment foundation insert (8) has the form of a spiral with the outline of a square.
A set of blocks according to claim 1, characterized in that the block (3, 7) is either a one-segment block (7) containing a one-segment base insert (6) in its body (5) or a two-segment block (3) containing a two-segment base insert (2) in its body (1) or a multi-segment block containing a base insert in its multi-segment body, the base insert having a number of segments corresponding to the number of body segments.
A set of blocks according to claim 1, characterized in that the body (1, 5) of a one-segment (7) or two-segment (3) or multi-segment block has the form of a solid with rectangular, including square, bases parallel to each other, wherein all side walls (1.2, 1.3, 5.2) are tapering upward trapezoids, the surface of which is set at the same angle to the top wall (1.1, 5.1).
A set of blocks according to claim 1, characterized in that the top wall (1.1) of the body of a two-segment (1) or multi-segment block has at least one top slot (1.1.1), and this slot (1.1.1) defines the boundaries between the segments.
A set of blocks according to claim 1, characterized in that the two-segment insert (2) has a middle wall (2.1) in the shape of a rectangle with a central opening (2.1.1) and two side walls (2.2) in the shape of an isosceles trapezoid connected by their longer base to the longer side of the middle wall (2. 1), wherein the length of the longer base of the side wall (2.2) is greater than the length of the longer side of the middle wall (2.1) and the longer base of the side wall (2.2) has interlocking faults (2.2.1) at its ends, while each side wall (2.2) on the side of its shorter base has a perpendicular central indentation (2.2.2).
A set of blocks according to claim 1, characterized in that the one-segment insert (6) has a central wall (6.1) in the shape of a square with a central opening (6.1.1) and two alternate side walls (6.2) in the shape of an isosceles trapezoid connected by their longer base with opposite sides of the central wall (6. 1), wherein the length of the longer base of the side wall (6.2) being greater than the length of the side of the middle wall (6.1) and the longer base of the side wall (6.2) having interlocking faults (6.2.1) at its ends.
A set of blocks according to claim 1, characterized in that between the blocks (3, 7) forming horizontal rows there are triangular slots (13), the cross-section of which is in the form of an isosceles triangle, the arms of which converge downward and the base located at the top has a dimension corresponding to the multiplied thickness of the material of which the body (1, 5) of the blocks (3, 7) is made, advantageously 4 to 10 times.
A set of blocks according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains at least one overlay (9) and/or at least one accessory (10.1, 10.2, 10.3, 10.4, 11, 12).
A set of blocks according to claim 11, characterized in that the overlay (9) has a multi-layered top wall (9.1) with a rectangular outline, the length and width of which are equal to one or a multiple of the segment defining the base of the lower body of a one-segment block (7), and it constitutes a covering of the upper surfaces of objects made of blocks (3, 7), which are subject to increased static or dynamic loads.
A set of blocks according to claim 1 or 7 or 11, characterized in that at least one accessory protrusion (10.1, 10.2, 10.3, 10.4, 11, 12) has geometrical features allowing its installation in the side slot (13.1) and/or in the bottom slot (13.2) and/or in the top slot (1.1.1).
A set of blocks according to claim 11, characterized in that the accessory (10.1, 10.2, 10.3, 10.4, 11, 12) is a flat and/or three-dimensional extension of either a hooked (11.2) or a straight (10.1, 10.2, 10.3, 10.4, 11.2) protrusion.
A set of blocks according to any of claims 11 -14, characterized in that the accessory (10.1, 10.2, 10.3, 10.4, 11, 12) imitates a product of technology or a creation of nature.