EP4643702A1

EP4643702A1 - Upper with membrane regions

Info

Publication number: EP4643702A1
Application number: EP25174031.2A
Authority: EP
Inventors: James Slack; Haley WALTERMIRE; Jeffrey Morris; Stephan Dietrich
Original assignee: Adidas AG
Current assignee: Adidas AG
Priority date: 2024-05-03
Filing date: 2025-05-02
Publication date: 2025-11-05
Also published as: DE102024112531A1; CN120884142A; US20250338918A1

Abstract

The present invention relates to an upper for an article of footwear, in particular for a sports shoe. The upper comprises a first membrane region having a first set of characteristics, and second membrane region located in an area of the upper which is different from the first membrane region and having a second set of characteristics, a first value of at least one of the characteristics of the second set of characteristics being different from a second value of the corresponding characteristic of the first set of characteristics.

The present invention also relates to shoe, in particular for a sports shoe, with such an upper.

Description

1. Field of the invention

The present invention relates to an upper for an article of footwear, in particular for a sports shoe. The upper comprises a first membrane region having a first set of characteristics, and second membrane region located in an area of the upper which is different from the first membrane region and having a second set of characteristics, a first value of at least one of the characteristics of the second set of characteristics being different from a second value of the corresponding characteristic of the first set of characteristics.
The present invention also relates to shoe, in particular for a sports shoe, with such an upper.

2. Prior art

A shoe is commonly described as the combination of an upper and a sole. Typically, the upper covers regions such as the instep, the toe, the medial side, the lateral side, and the heel of a wearer's foot and provides an opening to allow the wearer to step inside the footwear.
Membrane materials have properties such as waterproofness, breathability, wind tightness and elasticity which are desirable in the field of sports apparel and of shoes in general. These qualities have made them preferred material in several applications. Membrane materials are used to provide a waterproof insert to a shoe.
In shoes, such membrane materials are also used as upper, but generally the instep of these shoes is tight because such materials tend to be quite bulky. To mitigate the difficult instep, often heel and tongue tabs are provided on the shoe to be able to apply the required force to step in.
Prior art document EP 3 104 729 B1 is directed to waterproof, breathable socks, booties, shoe inserts, and footwear assemblies containing the shoe inserts. The booties and shoe inserts include a laminate of a seamless expanded polytetrafluoroethylene, ePTFE, membrane and at least one textile, The bootie is conformable over a range of sizes and shoe shapes and may be shaped to fit numerous sizes and shapes of asymmetrical shoe lasts. The bootie may shrink to fit, or, alternatively, be stretched to fit, an asymmetrical last having a desired size to form a shoe insert. Such a conformable bootie eliminates the need to have multiple sizes of shoe inserts correlating to particular shoe sizes. In embodiments where the ePTFE is seamless and continuous, the shoe insert eliminates the need for a waterproof seam tape, which is conventionally used to make shoe inserts waterproof. Methods of forming the socks, booties, and shoe inserts are also provided.
Therefore, subject of the present invention is to provide a new upper for a shoe which minimizes or eliminates the above-described problems. It is a further object of the invention to provide an upper with which a shoe can be easily put on and with which a shoe does not slip of when in use. Additionally, it is an object of the present invention to propose an upper with which a shoe is watertight and still is comfortable even during intensive use.

3. Summary of the invention

The above-mentioned objects are at least partially achieved by the subject matter of the independent claims. Preferred embodiments are subject of the dependent claims, and other suitable aspects of the present invention are described through the overall disclosure of the present application. It is noted that the headlines in the present disclosure are provided solely for the purpose to assist in keeping an overview during reading. The headlines do not mean that features of the respective embodiments cannot be combined.

Definitions

The term "membrane" as used herein may refer to a specialized layer or coating applied to fabric to impart specific functional properties, such as waterproofing, breathability, or insulation. Membranes are thin, flexible, and typically made from polymers or other synthetic materials. They are designed to alter the performance characteristics of the fabric, enhancing its functionality for various applications. They may function as a kind of selective filter that is integrated into the fabric structure to perform specific filtration functions. Membranes can be applied to both natural and synthetic fabrics and are commonly used in outdoor apparel, sportswear, and technical textiles.
The term "elasticity" as used herein may refer to the property of a material that allows it to return to its original shape and size after being stretched or deformed. It is a measure of how well a material can withstand deformation and recover its initial form when the applied force is removed.
The term "vapor permeability" or "water vapor permeability" (WDD) as used herein, also related to the moisture vapor transmission rate (MVTR), is a measure of the ability of a material to allow water vapor to pass through it. It quantifies the rate at which water vapor diffuses or permeates through a material per unit of time and unit of area under specific conditions. Vapor permeability may typically be expressed with a Thermal Evaporative Resistance (RET) value defined by the ISO 11092 standard. The vapor permeability may also be expressed in units such as grams per square meter per day (g/m²/day) or grams per square meter per hour (g/m²/h). Various standardized test methods, such as ASTM E96, are used to measure vapor permeability.
The term "waterproofness" as used herein may refer to the property of a material or structure that prevents the passage or penetration of liquid water. It indicates the ability of a material to function as a barrier against water ingress, thereby protecting underlying surfaces or contents from moisture damage. Waterproofness is often quantified and evaluated through standardized testing methods, such as hydrostatic pressure test (e.g., ASTM D5385 for roofing membranes). This test assesses the ability of a material to withstand water infiltration under controlled laboratory conditions.
The term "zone" as used herein may refer to a distinct area or region that is defined by specific characteristics, boundaries, or criteria.
The term "eyestay" as used herein may refer to the part of a shoe upper where the shoelaces are threaded through. It is typically located on the vamp region of the shoe, extending from the toe region to the throat line (the opening of the shoe where the foot enters). The eyestay consists of a series of reinforced holes, loops, or eyelets through which the shoelaces are passed to secure the shoe onto the foot.

Shoe upper for an article of footwear

In one aspect, an upper for an article of footwear, in particular for a sports shoe, is provided, which comprises a first membrane region having a first set of characteristics and a second membrane region located in an area of the upper which is different from the first membrane region and having a second set of characteristics, wherein a first value of at least one of the characteristics of the second set of characteristics is different from a second value of the corresponding characteristic of the first set of characteristics.
In this manner, incorporating two membrane regions with different sets of characteristics values in the upper of a sports shoe lies in the ability to customize performance attributes, adapt to variable conditions, improve comfort and performance, enhance durability and longevity, and optimize weight and flexibility. This results in a shoe that offers superior functionality, comfort, and versatility for the wearer.
For instance, the shoe can be engineered to provide tailored performance in different areas of the upper by incorporating multiple membrane regions with different characteristic values. For example, the second membrane region may have a higher waterproofness or breathability rating compared to the first membrane region, allowing for targeted protection or ventilation where needed. This allows for targeted optimization based on the demands of various parts of the foot and the intended use of the shoe.
The variation in characteristics values between the two membrane regions also enables the shoe to adapt to changing environmental conditions or wearer preferences. For instance, during high-intensity activities where ventilation is crucial, a breathable membrane region can provide airflow to keep the foot cool and dry. Conversely, in wet or freezing conditions, the waterproof or insulating properties of the other membrane region can provide protection and comfort.
By selectively adjusting membrane properties based on the anticipated stresses and demands in different regions of the shoe, overall durability and longevity can be enhanced. This can help mitigate wear and tear, prolonging the lifespan of the footwear, particularly in high-wear areas or under challenging conditions.
Tailoring membrane characteristics values allows for better optimization of weight and flexibility in the upper. Lighter, more flexible membranes can be utilized in areas where agility and freedom of movement are crucial, while denser, more robust membranes can be employed in areas requiring added support or protection.
Further, the ability to vary membrane properties across different regions of the upper enables targeted performance enhancements to address specific user needs or preferences. For example, areas requiring additional waterproofing for outdoor activities or improved breathability for indoor sports can be accommodated with precision.
The incorporation of distinct membrane regions with different characteristic values opens up possibilities for innovative design concepts and product differentiation. Manufacturers can explore novel approaches to footwear design, offering consumers unique features and benefits that meet their evolving needs and preferences.
In summary, having distinct first and second membrane regions with different characteristic values in the upper of a sports shoe provides opportunities for customization, performance optimization, durability enhancement, and innovative design, ultimately contributing to an improved wearing experience for the user.
In a preferred embodiment of the upper as described herein, the position of the first membrane region with respect to the position of the second membrane region can be configured to provide different functions to the upper when it is in use, i.e., when the upper is integrated in a shoe. For example, the first and the second membrane regions can be placed such that when a user puts on a shoe, as for example a sock type shoe, with an upper according to the invention, the instep is facilitated. The first and the second membrane regions can also be placed such that a shoe with an upper according to the invention provides a reliable hold even during intensive use.
In a preferred embodiment of the upper as described herein, the first and the second set of characteristics include at least one of elasticity, vapor permeability and waterproofness.
The technical advantage of incorporating membranes with different elasticity properties into the upper of a sports shoe offers customized flexibility, enhanced support and stability, improved energy return, dynamic fit adaptation, durability, resilience, and responsive cushioning. For instance, the shoe can offer customized flexibility tailored to the needs of different foot movements and activities by incorporating membranes with different elasticity properties in specific regions of the upper. For example, areas requiring greater flexibility for natural foot motion, such as the forefoot or ankle, can feature membranes with higher elasticity, promoting a more comfortable and responsive fit. Moreover, the ability to vary elasticity in different membrane regions allows for targeted support and stability where needed. Regions requiring greater support, such as the midfoot or heel, can feature membranes with lower elasticity to provide a secure and stable platform, reducing the risk of overpronation or injury during dynamic movements. Also, membranes with higher elasticity properties can contribute to improved energy return in the upper, enhancing propulsion and efficiency during activities such as running or jumping. The elastic rebound of the membranes helps to store and release energy with each foot strike, promoting a more dynamic and responsive performance. Further, the elasticity of the membranes allows the upper to adapt dynamically to the changing contours of the foot during movement. This promotes a snug and supportive fit that accommodates natural foot expansion and contraction, reducing the likelihood of discomfort or pressure points, particularly during prolonged wear or high-intensity activities. In addition, membranes with appropriate elasticity properties can contribute to the overall durability and resilience of the upper. By providing sufficient stretch and recovery capabilities, the membranes can withstand repeated flexing and stretching without losing their shape or structural integrity, ensuring long-lasting performance and comfort. Also, elasticity in the upper can also contribute to responsive cushioning, particularly when combined with other cushioning materials or components. The elastic properties of the membranes help to distribute and absorb impact forces more effectively, enhancing overall comfort and reducing fatigue during extended periods of activity.
The technical advantage of integrating distinct membrane regions with different vapor permeability values in the upper of a sports shoe provides targeted moisture management, enhanced breathability, improved comfort, and long-term durability, ultimately supporting optimal performance and user satisfaction.
The technical advantage of incorporating distinct first and second membrane regions with different waterproofness characteristics in the upper of a sports shoe allows for targeted waterproofing, enhanced breathability, flexible design options, improved protection in critical areas, enhanced durability, and adaptability to varied conditions. This approach ensures that the shoe delivers optimal performance and comfort while effectively shielding the foot from water ingress in challenging environments.
In a preferred embodiment of the upper as described herein, the first membrane region is more elastic than the second membrane region and is located at an ankle region and/or the heel region and/or the tongue region of the upper in use. An arrangement of the first membrane in the ankle region provides a facilitated instep while the second, less elastic membrane is located on the remaining parts of the upper to provide the necessary hold.
A good balance between facilitated instep and sufficient hold is provided when the first value of the elasticity is comprised between 10% and 120%, preferably between 20% and 100%, more preferably between 30% and 80%. In the elasticity range between 80% and 120% it is necessary to have a good recovery of the material to ensure sufficient hold. When elasticity is between 10% and 30% a comfortable insertion of the foot is still possible depending on the pattern of the first and second membranes. In all these cases, the second value of the elasticity is comprised between 1% and 30%, preferably between 1% and 20%, more preferably between 1% and 10%. Such elasticity values can be provided by membrane materials such as polyvinylidene fluoride or polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF), polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE or PTFCE), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE), paraformaldehyde (PFA), polyvinyl fluoride (PVF), polyether ether ketone (PEEK), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET, PETE), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyetherimide (PEI), nylon 6 or polycaprolactam and polyimide (Kaption, PI). These materials typically have different film thicknesses and varying vapor permeability and can therefore been chosen according to specific needs.
An improved waterproofness of the upper can for example be obtained by placing a first membrane region with higher water waterproofness at suitable locations within the upper, such as the lower surface of the upper which is connected to the sole in use, or the tip of the upper in use, and placing a second, lighter membrane region on the remaining parts of the upper, such as the parts that are higher in a medial direction in use. The area most prone to water contact is the bite line between bottom-unit and upper, thereby water-proofness necessarily must be high in this area. For example, the first membrane region having higher waterproofness properties than the second membrane region is located closer to a lower surface of the upper in use.
Of course, the skilled person understands that a combination of functions can be obtained when the first membrane region has a higher elasticity and a higher vapor permeability, and the second membrane region has a higher waterproofness. A typical first value of the vapor permeability that ensures a sufficient vapor exchange at usual wearing temperature is comprised between 3 and 15 RET, preferably between 6 and 13 RET and a matching, second value of the vapor permeability can be comprised between 3 and 15, preferably between 6 and 13 RET.
Example membranes are often made from synthetic polymers such as polypropylene, polyethylene, polyamide (nylon), or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or expanded PTFE (ePTFE). These materials can be engineered to have further specific properties such as puncture resistance, stub resistance, hydrophilicity, hydrophobicity, chemical resistance, and mechanical strength to suit different filtration requirements. Example materials for the membranes are polyvinylidene fluoride or polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF), polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE or PTFCE), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE), paraformaldehyde (PFA), polyvinyl fluoride (PVF), polyether ether ketone (PEEK), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET, PETE), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyetherimide (PEI), nylon 6 or polycaprolactam and polyimide (Kaption, PI).
In a preferred embodiment of the upper as described herein, the upper has a connecting region between the first and the second membrane region.
A connecting region between the first and second membrane regions provides several technical advantages such as enhanced stability, flexibility, customized fit, breathability, seamless aesthetic, and durability.
For instance, the connecting region serves as a structural link between the first and second membrane regions, providing stability to the overall shoe upper. This helps maintain the shape of the shoe and prevents deformation during movement, improving overall comfort and support for the wearer.
In addition, while providing stability, the connecting region allows for flexibility in the shoe upper, particularly in areas where the foot naturally bends during walking or running. This promotes a more natural range of motion and reduces discomfort or restrictions on foot movement.
Moreover, the connecting region can be designed to accommodate variations in foot shape and size, ensuring a snug and customized fit for the wearer. By adjusting the length, width, or elasticity of the connecting region, shoe manufacturers can optimize comfort and performance for different foot profiles.
In addition, the connecting region can incorporate breathable materials or ventilation channels to improve airflow and moisture management within the shoe upper. This helps regulate temperature and reduce the accumulation of sweat, keeping the foot dry and comfortable during wear.
Further, by reinforcing the connection between the first and second membrane regions, the connecting region improves the durability and longevity of the shoe upper. This helps prevent premature wear and tear, ensuring that the shoe maintains its structural integrity over time.
When the first membrane region is made of a first membrane and the second membrane region is made of a second membrane, the connecting region may be a same membrane assembling the first membrane and the second membrane. The advantage of combining two different membranes in the upper is that the different membrane fabrics can easily be stored, and the membrane fabric can readily be chosen. It is further easy to adapt the pattern of the upper, for example for different shoe sizes and when modifications are desired.
To secure the first membrane to the second membrane, the join of the connecting region may comprise at least one of an adhesive, a tape, a welded laser connection, a vibration connection, an infrared, IR, connection, a supersonic connection, a hot bar connection/hot pressing connection, a seam with stiches. Of course, the choice of the type of join will also depend on the choice of the membranes, as not every membrane is adapted to any type of join. Joins providing linear fixation are preferred over joins with punctual connection such as stiches, as these joints transfer forces within the upper in a more uniform manner and therefore do not tear the membrane at the join. Additionally, linear fixations usually are already waterproof. In contrast, to make stiches waterproof, additional measures are usually required. Still, it can be possible that stiches are desired as these can transfer higher forces at locations subjected to heavy strain.
In a preferred embodiment of the upper as described herein, the upper can be made of a single membrane instead of two different membranes joined together. In that case, the first membrane region is a first zone within the membrane, the second membrane region is a second zone within the same membrane and the connecting region is a third zone within the membrane connecting the first and the second zone. Different measures can be taken to make sure that the first and second membrane regions differ in at least one characteristics value. The different zones can for example have different thicknesses, different densities, different material compositions or a combination thereof.
The first and second membrane regions may include a laminated structure with a carrier and a membrane layer. The carrier can comprise at least one of an engineered mesh, a knit, in particular a weft or warp knitted fabric, or a woven fabric. Suitable materials for the carrier are polyurethane (PUR, PU), polyamide (PA), thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) . Suitable materials for the membrane layer are polyvinylidene fluoride or polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF), polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE or PTFCE), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE), paraformaldehyde (PFA), polyvinyl fluoride (PVF), polyether ether ketone (PEEK), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET, PETE), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyetherimide (PEI), nylon 6 or polycaprolactam and polyimide (Kaption, PI).
An advantage of a single membrane is that there is no join between the two regions with different properties. On the other hand, it is more complex to produce such a single membrane, the machines required are more expensive and it is more difficult to adapt the shape of the first and second region. Each time when an upper for a different size of shoes is produced, the machine producing the membrane needs to be updated to the required specifications.
Nevertheless, in some embodiments, an additional benefit can outweigh the more complex production method, namely that an exact elasticity can be obtained over a zone that has different water-proofness. The desired properties can be precisely steered: for example, the elasticity can be exactly determined by choosing the adapted carrier of the membrane material and tuning it, e.g., by a (screen) printing process onto the carrier, using different thicknesses in different regions. In such embodiments, carrier of the membrane, and in particular, the engineered mesh, the knit, in particular a weft or warp knitted fabric, or the woven fabric, are stretch fabrics. The use of stretch fabrics in a shoe upper provides technical advantages such as improved fit, enhanced comfort, flexibility, breathability, adaptability, reduced weight, seamless construction, and aesthetic appeal. These benefits contribute to a shoe that is comfortable, supportive, versatile, and visually appealing for the wearer.
In some embodiments of the upper the first membrane region is inserted into the second membrane region. The first membrane region may have a U-shape, a rectangular shape, a trapezoid shape, a triangular shape, or a V-shape, depending on the circumstances.
The use of these various shapes offers technical advantages such as customized fit, optimized support, enhanced flexibility, improved breathability, enhanced durability, and seamless integration.
For instance, a U-shape or rectangular shape may provide ample room for wider feet, while a V-shape or triangular shape can accommodate narrower feet. This customization enhances overall comfort and support for the wearer.
In addition, a trapezoid shape may offer additional support to the arch, while a triangular shape may focus on the forefoot or heel. This helps improve stability and reduces fatigue during activities.
By incorporating shapes that mimic the natural contours of the foot, the membrane can offer enhanced flexibility and freedom of movement. This promotes a more natural gait and reduces restrictions, particularly during dynamic movements like running or jumping.
Varying the shape of the membrane can create openings or channels for increased airflow within the upper. This enhances breathability and moisture management, reducing the risk of overheating and discomfort during prolonged wear.
Moreover, certain shapes, such as trapezoids or rectangles, may offer increased structural integrity and resistance to wear and tear. This enhances the longevity of the membrane and ensures long-term performance, even in demanding conditions.
By utilizing shapes that seamlessly integrate with other components of the upper, such as overlays or reinforcements, the membrane can provide a smooth and streamlined appearance. This minimizes potential friction points and enhances overall comfort for the wearer.
In a preferred embodiment of the upper as described herein, the first membrane region inserted into the second membrane region is U-shaped and the upper further comprises an outer layer substantially overlapping the first membrane region and attached to the second membrane region in the vicinity or on top of the connecting region. In this way, the first U-shaped membrane is doubled-up by an outer layer substantially overlapping the first membrane region to enhance the step-in properties of the upper while providing additional protection to the user's foot.
In an alternative to the previous preferred embodiment, another preferred embodiment has the U-shaped, first membrane region inserted into the second membrane region and the upper further comprises an inner layer substantially overlapped by the first membrane region and attached to the second membrane region in the vicinity or below of the connecting region. With such a configuration a seam can be visible on the outward facing surface of the upper between the first and the second membrane. The first U-shaped membrane is doubled-up by an inner layer in the inward facing surface.
In both previous preferred embodiments, puncture resistance of the used membranes becomes key as an overlapping element needs to be attached to at least one membrane.
In a preferred embodiment of the upper as described herein, the upper further comprises a shoelace. This can complement the upper to provide a tighter fit, and in particular to impede heel slip. The shoelace can be attached to at least two eyestay elements, each eyestay element holding a loop of the shoelace close to a point of fixation of each eyestay element on the upper. Allowing the shoelace to be attached to multiple eyestay elements close to the fixation points on the upper offers technical advantages such as improved fit customization, enhanced stability and support, reduced pressure points, minimized slippage, enhanced durability, and improved aesthetic appearance. These benefits contribute to a shoe that is comfortable, supportive, durable, and visually appealing for the wearer.
In a preferred embodiment of the upper as described herein, the upper may be laceless. This specific kind of shoes provides comfort, aesthetics, performance, and innovative design, offering a contemporary alternative to traditional lace-up footwear while meeting the diverse needs and preferences of wearers. For instance, laceless shoes eliminate the need for tying and adjusting laces, providing a convenient slip-on or closure system. This saves time and effort, making the shoes ideal for quick transitions and on-the-go activities. Users can easily slip them on and off without dealing with tangled or untied laces. Moreover, laceless designs can offer better performance in certain activities, particularly those requiring agility, responsiveness, and quick movements. The absence of laces eliminates the risk of snagging or interference during dynamic movements, providing a smoother and more consistent experience for athletes and active individuals.
In a preferred embodiment, these at least two eyestay elements are fixed in the vicinity of or to the connecting region of the upper. Thus, the forces induced by the shoelace are better distributed because in many cases the connecting region is already reinforced by additional material and a joint. It can also be advantageous to hold the loop of the shoelace close to the connecting region of the upper.
When the upper comprises an outer layer, the eyestay elements can be fixed on the outer layer, preferably following the edge of the outer layer which is fixed to the second membrane. Fixing the eyestay elements on the outer layer of the shoe, preferably along its edge, offers technical advantages such as enhanced durability, improved stability, optimized fit customization, reduced friction and irritation, and improved water resistance. For instance, additional reinforcement and durability to the attachment points helps prevent damage or detachment of the eyestay elements, ensuring long-term performance and structural integrity of the shoe. Further, placing the eyestay elements along the edge of the outer layer allows for more precise and customizable lacing configurations. Wearers can adjust the tension and distribution of the shoelaces to achieve their desired fit and comfort level, enhancing overall performance and support.
To further impede heel slip, it has proven advantageous to have a last eyestay element located at the rear of the upper, namely in the middle of the ankle region of the upper when in use.
In a preferred embodiment of the upper as described herein, the upper further comprises a top eyestay supporting element located adjacent to at least two eyestay elements and holding a loop of the shoelace at a distance of the points of fixation of the at least two eyestay elements. Although having a shoelace laced to a last eyestay element at the ankle region of the foot clearly improves the fit of the upper for example during intensive activity, it can result in an uncomfortable fit when used in less intensive activities. In such case a top eyestay supporting element located adjacent to at least two eyestay elements and holding a loop of the shoelace at a distance of said line of fixation can improve the hold of the upper without sacrificing comfort.
In some embodiments, it can be advantageous to have a third membrane region having a third set of characteristics which is different from the first and the second set of characteristics. This allows for more finetuning of the upper properties. The previous explained advantages for membranes also apply for this third membrane region.
Another aspect of the present invention is directed to a shoe comprising an upper as described above. The shoe may be, for example, a running or trailrunning shoe or an outdoor shoe.

4. Description of the figures

In the following, the invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following figures:

Fig.1:: shows an upper according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig.2:: shows an upper with the eyestay elements according to an embodiment of invention; and
Fig.3:: shows an upper with eyestay elements and a top eyestay supporting element according to another embodiment of the invention.

5. Detailed description of the preferred embodiments

In the following only some possible embodiments of the invention are described in detail. However, the present invention is not limited to these, and a multitude of other embodiments are applicable without departing from the scope of the invention. The presented embodiments can be modified in several ways and combined with each other whenever compatible and certain features may be omitted in so far as they appear dispensable. In particular, the disclosed embodiments may be modified by combining certain features of one embodiment with one or more features of another embodiment.
It is to be understood that not all features of the described aspects/embodiments must be present for realizing the technical advantages provided by the present disclosure, which is defined by the subject matter of the claims. The disclosed aspects/embodiments may be modified by combining certain features of one aspect/embodiment with one or more features of another aspect/embodiment. Specifically, the skilled person will understand that features, and/or functional elements of one aspect/embodiment can be combined with technically compatible features, and/or functional elements of any other aspect/embodiment of the present disclosure given that the resulting combination falls within the definition of the present disclosure.
While the embodiments below are described primarily with reference to an upper for an article of footwear, in particular for a sports shoe, the skilled person will recognize that the disclosure according to the invention can equally be applied in a plurality of different technical fields and/or use cases. For example, the membrane approach could also be used for outdoor clothing like outerwear such as waterproof jackets, softshell jackets, ski or snowboard jackets, rain pants, 3-in-1 jackets, mountaineering shells or rain ponchos, and technical fabrics like gloves, tents shelters or backpacks and bags, to provide specific performance features such as waterproofing, wind proofing, and breathability.
Throughout the present figures and specification, the same reference numerals refer to the same elements. For the sake of clarity and conciseness, certain features, parts, elements, aspects, components and/or steps of certain embodiments are presented without undue detail where such detail would be apparent to the skilled person in the art considering the teachings herein and/or where such detail would obfuscate an understanding of more pertinent aspects of the embodiments.
As understood by the skilled person and/or to avoid redundancies, reference is also made to the explanations in the preceding sections, which also apply to the following detailed description. Further, not all features, parts, elements, aspects, components and/or steps are expressly indicated by reference signs for the sake of brevity and clarity. This particularly applies, where the skilled person recognizes that such features, parts, elements, aspects, components and/or steps are present in a plurality.

Description of figures

Fig. 1 shows an upper according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The upper comprises a first membrane region 1 having a first set of characteristics, and a second membrane region 2 located in an area of the upper which is different from the first membrane region and having a second set of characteristics, a first value of at least one of the characteristics of the second set of characteristics being different from a second value of the corresponding characteristic of the first set of characteristics.
Fig. 1 shows the inside of upper, i.e., the side directed to the inside of the shoe, in a semi-finished state, where the connection of the upper at the heel has not yet been made.
In this embodiment two different membranes are used. The first membrane region 1 is made of a first membrane 1' and the second membrane region 2 is made of second membrane 2'. The first membrane 1' located at the tongue region of the upper is more elastic than the second membrane 2' which is to be located at the bite line between a sole and the upper. The second membrane 2' is therefore more waterproof, i.e., having a higher waterproofness, than the first membrane 1'.
The two membranes are connected to each other with a join 3' at a connecting region 3. In the present case a seam tape made of TPU, PU, PA, TPU and/or PTFE is used.
Additionally, the upper of Fig. 1 comprises an outer layer 7 which overlaps the first membrane 1' of the upper. The outer layer does not have the function of holding the foot of the user within the shoe. This function is ensured by the first membrane 1' and second membrane 2'. However, the outer layer 7 overlapping the first membrane 1' can provide protection against water, dirt, and wind. Typically, the outer layer can be made of a variety of different materials depending for example on the appearance that is desired for the upper, such as nubuck leather, split leather, full grain leather, laces, sewing threads, zippers, foams, synthetic leathers and textiles. In the case of textiles, the outer layer can be made a flat knit, a large circular knit, a warp knit, a woven textile and a non-woven textile.
Fig. 2 shows an upper according to an embodiment of the present disclosure together with a sole. The upper of Fig. 2 may have the same features as the upper of Fig. 1.
In this embodiment, eyestay elements 9 are shown which are connected to the outer layer 7 of the upper in the vicinity of the edge of the outer layer which is fixed to the second membrane 2'.
Each eyestay element 9 holds the loop of a shoelace 8 close to a point of fixation of each eyestay element 9 on the upper. To further impede heel slip, it has proven advantageous to have a last eyestay element 9' located at the rear of the upper, namely in the middle of the ankle region of the upper as shown in Figs. 2 and 3.
Fig. 3 shows an upper according to another embodiment of the present disclosure together with a sole. The upper of Fig. 3 may have the similar features as the uppers of Figs. 1 or 2.
In Fig. 3, the eyestay elements 9 from the embodiment of Fig. 2 are also fixed on the outer layer 7 following the edge of the outer layer 7 which is fixed to the second membrane 2'. As such, the forces applied to the upper by the shoelace 8 are distributed by the connection between outer layer 7 and second membrane 2' and force peaks are attenuated.
For less intensive activities such as daily city commuting, the user can choose to lace the shoe using a top eyestay supporting element 10 as shown in Fig. 3. It can be seen from Fig. 3 that the top eyestay supporting element 10 is fixed substantially in a line of fixation connecting the points fixation of the other eyestay elements 9 and 9', but it holds the loop of the shoelace 8 at a distance of said line of fixation. With the top eyestay supporting element 10 the hold of the upper on the heel of the user can still be improved without sacrificing comfort.
In the following further embodiments are described to facilitate the understanding of the invention:

1. Upper for an article of footwear, in particular for a sports shoe, comprising:
- a first membrane region (1) having a first set of characteristics; and
- a second membrane region (2) located in an area of the upper which is different from the first membrane region and having a second set of characteristics,
- wherein a first value of at least one of the characteristics of the second set of characteristics is different from a second value of the corresponding characteristic of the first set of characteristics.
2. Upper according to embodiment 1, wherein the position of the first membrane region with respect to the position of the second membrane region is configured to provide at least one of the following functions when the upper is in use: facilitate the instep into the upper, provide reliable hold when using the upper, and improve the waterproofness of the upper.
3. Upper according to any preceding embodiment, wherein the first and the second set of characteristics include at least one of elasticity, vapor permeability and waterproofness.
4. Upper according to any preceding embodiment, wherein the first membrane region (1) is more elastic than the second membrane region (2) and wherein the first membrane region (1) is located at the ankle region and/or the heel region and/or the tongue region of the upper in use.
5. Upper according to embodiment 3 or 4, wherein the first value of the elasticity is comprised between 10% and 120%, preferably between 20% and 100%, more preferably between 30% and 80% and the second value of the elasticity is comprised between 1% and 30%, preferably between 1% and 20%, more preferably between 1% and 30%.
6. Upper according to any preceding embodiment, wherein the first membrane region (1) has higher waterproofness properties than the second membrane region (2) and wherein the first membrane region is located closer to a lower surface of the upper in use.
7. Upper according to one of embodiments 3 to 6, wherein the first value of the vapor permeability is comprised between 3 and 15 RET, and the second value of the vapor permeability is comprised between 3 and 15 RET.
8. Upper according to any preceding embodiment, further comprising a connecting region (3) between the first membrane region (1) and the second membrane region (2).
9. Upper according to embodiment 8, wherein the first membrane region (1) is made of a first membrane (1'), the second membrane region (2) is made of a second membrane (2') and the connecting region (3) is a join (3') assembling the first membrane (1') and the second membrane (2').
10. Upper according to embodiment 9, wherein the join (3') assembling the first membrane (1') and the second membrane (2') comprises at least one of an adhesive, a tape, a welded laser connection, a vibration connection, an infrared, IR, connection, a supersonic connection, a hot bar connection/hot pressing connection, a seam with stiches.
11. Upper according to embodiment 10, wherein the first membrane region (1) is a first zone (1") within a membrane (4), wherein the second membrane region (2) is a second zone (2") within the same membrane (4) and wherein the connecting region (3) is a third zone (3") within the membrane connecting the first zone (1") and the second zone (2").
12. Upper according to embodiment 11, wherein the first zone (1") and second zone (2") within the membrane (4) are created by at least one of different thicknesses, different densities and/or different material compositions.
13. Upper according to any preceding embodiment, wherein the first membrane region (1) and/or the second membrane region (2) include a laminated structure with a carrier (5) and a membrane layer (6), wherein the carrier (5) is made of at least one of an engineered mesh, a knit, in particular a weft or warp knitted fabric, or a woven fabric.
14. Upper according to embodiment 13, wherein the engineered mesh, the knit, in particular a weft or warp knitted fabric, or the woven fabric are stretch fabrics.
15. Upper according to any preceding embodiment, wherein the first membrane region (1) is inserted into the second membrane region (2).
16. Upper according to embodiment 15, wherein the first membrane region (1) inserted into the second membrane region (2) has a U-shape, a rectangular shape, a trapezoid shape, a triangular shape, or a V-shape.
17. Upper according to embodiment 16, wherein the first membrane region (1) inserted into the second membrane region (2) is U-shaped, the upper further comprising an outer layer (7) substantially overlapping the first membrane region (1) and attached to the second membrane region (2) in the vicinity or on top of the connecting region (3).
18. Upper according to embodiment 16, wherein the first membrane region (1) inserted into the second membrane region (2) is U-shaped, the upper further comprising an inner layer substantially overlapped by the first membrane region (1) and attached to the second membrane region (2) in the vicinity or below the connecting region (3), wherein optionally a seam between first membrane region and second membrane region is located on the outward facing surface.
19. Upper according to any preceding embodiment, further comprising a shoelace (8).
20. Upper according to embodiment 19, wherein the shoelace (8) is attached to at least two eyestay elements (9), wherein each eyestay element (9) holds a loop of the shoelace (8) close to a point of fixation of each eyestay element (9) on the upper.
21. Upper according to embodiment 9 or any embodiment depending thereupon and claim 20, wherein the at least two eyestay elements (9) are fixed in the vicinity of or to the connecting region (3) of the upper.
22. Upper according to embodiment 18 and embodiment 20 or 21, wherein the eyestay elements (9) are fixed on the outer layer (7), preferably following the edge of the outer layer (7) which is fixed to the second membrane region (2).
23. Upper according to any embodiments 20 to 22, wherein the at least two eyestay elements (9) comprise a last eyestay element (9') located at the rear of the upper, namely in the middle of the ankle region of the upper when in use.
24. Upper according to any embodiments 20 to 23, further comprising a top eyestay supporting element (10) located adjacent to at least two eyestay elements (9) and holding a loop of the shoelace (8) at a distance of the points of fixation of the at least two eyestay elements (9).
25. Upper according to any preceding embodiment, further comprising at least one third membrane region(13) having a third set of characteristics which is different from the first and the second set of characteristics.
26. Shoe comprising an upper according to any one of the preceding embodiments.

Claims

Upper for an article of footwear, in particular for a sports shoe, comprising:
a first membrane region (1) having a first set of characteristics; and

a second membrane region (2) located in an area of the upper which is different from the first membrane region and having a second set of characteristics,

wherein a first value of at least one of the characteristics of the second set of characteristics is different from a second value of the corresponding characteristic of the first set of characteristics,

preferably wherein the position of the first membrane region with respect to the position of the second membrane region is configured to provide at least one of the following functions when the upper is in use: facilitate the instep into the upper, provide reliable hold when using the upper, and improve the waterproofness of the upper and/or wherein the first and the second set of characteristics include at least one of elasticity, vapor permeability and waterproofness.
Upper according to the preceding claim, wherein the first membrane region (1) is more elastic than the second membrane region (2) and wherein the first membrane region (1) is located at the ankle region and/or the heel region and/or the tongue region of the upper in use.
Upper according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first value of the elasticity is comprised between 10% and 120%, preferably between 20% and 100%, more preferably between 30% and 80% and the second value of the elasticity is comprised between 1% and 30%, preferably between 1% and 20%, more preferably between 1% and 30%.
Upper according to any preceding claim, wherein the first membrane region (1) has higher waterproofness properties than the second membrane region (2) and wherein the first membrane region is located closer to a lower surface of the upper in use.
Upper according to any preceding claim, wherein the first value of the vapor permeability is comprised between 3 and 15 RET, and the second value of the vapor permeability is comprised between 3 and 15 RET.
Upper according to any preceding claim, further comprising a connecting region (3) between the first membrane region (1) and the second membrane region (2), preferably wherein the first membrane region (1) is made of a first membrane (1'), the second membrane region (2) is made of a second membrane (2') and the connecting region (3) is a join (3') assembling the first membrane (1') and the second membrane (2'), more preferably wherein the join (3') assembling the first membrane (1') and the second membrane (2') comprises at least one of an adhesive, a tape, a welded laser connection, a vibration connection, an infrared, IR, connection, a supersonic connection, a hot bar connection/hot pressing connection, a seam with stiches.
Upper according to claim 6, wherein the first membrane region (1) is a first zone (1") within a membrane (4), wherein the second membrane region (2) is a second zone (2") within the same membrane (4) and wherein the connecting region (3) is a third zone (3") within the membrane connecting the first zone (1") and the second zone (2"), preferably wherein the first zone (1") and second zone (2") within the membrane (4) are created by at least one of different thicknesses, different densities and/or different material compositions.
Upper according to any preceding claim, wherein the first membrane region (1) and/or the second membrane region (2) include a laminated structure with a carrier (5) and a membrane layer (6), wherein the carrier (5) is made of at least one of an engineered mesh, a knit, in particular a weft or warp knitted fabric, or a woven fabric, preferably wherein the engineered mesh, the knit, in particular a weft or warp knitted fabric, or the woven fabric are stretch fabrics.
Upper according to any preceding claim, wherein the first membrane region (1) is inserted into the second membrane region (2), preferably wherein the first membrane region (1) inserted into the second membrane region (2) has a U-shape, a rectangular shape, a trapezoid shape, a triangular shape, or a V-shape, more preferably wherein the first membrane region (1) inserted into the second membrane region (2) is U-shaped, the upper further comprising an outer layer (7) substantially overlapping the first membrane region (1) and attached to the second membrane region (2) in the vicinity or on top of the connecting region (3) or wherein the first membrane region (1) inserted into the second membrane region (2) is U-shaped, the upper further comprising an inner layer substantially overlapped by the first membrane region (1) and attached to the second membrane region (2) in the vicinity or below the connecting region (3), wherein optionally a seam between first membrane region and second membrane region is located on the outward facing surface.
Upper according to any preceding claim, further comprising a shoelace (8), preferably wherein the shoelace (8) is attached to at least two eyestay elements (9), wherein each eyestay element (9) holds a loop of the shoelace (8) close to a point of fixation of each eyestay element (9) on the upper.
Upper according to claim 6 or any claim depending thereupon and claim 10, wherein the at least two eyestay elements (9) are fixed in the vicinity of or to the connecting region (3) of the upper.
Upper according to claim 9 and claim 10 or 11, wherein the eyestay elements (9) are fixed on the outer layer (7), preferably following the edge of the outer layer (7) which is fixed to the second membrane region (2).
Upper according to any claims 10 to 12, wherein the at least two eyestay elements (9) comprise a last eyestay element (9') located at the rear of the upper, namely in the middle of the ankle region of the upper when in use and/or wherein the upper further comprises a top eyestay supporting element (10) located adjacent to at least two eyestay elements (9) and holding a loop of the shoelace (8) at a distance of the points of fixation of the at least two eyestay elements (9).
Upper according to any preceding claim, further comprising at least one third membrane region (13) having a third set of characteristics which is different from the first and the second set of characteristics.
Shoe comprising an upper according to any one of the preceding claims.