EP4639734A1 - Elektrische axialflussmaschine - Google Patents
Elektrische axialflussmaschineInfo
- Publication number
- EP4639734A1 EP4639734A1 EP23798341.6A EP23798341A EP4639734A1 EP 4639734 A1 EP4639734 A1 EP 4639734A1 EP 23798341 A EP23798341 A EP 23798341A EP 4639734 A1 EP4639734 A1 EP 4639734A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- housing
- positioning means
- stator
- housing cover
- axial flow
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
- H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
- H02K5/12—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof specially adapted for operating in liquid or gas
- H02K5/128—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof specially adapted for operating in liquid or gas using air-gap sleeves or air-gap discs
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/18—Means for mounting or fastening magnetic stationary parts on to, or to, the stator structures
- H02K1/182—Means for mounting or fastening magnetic stationary parts on to, or to, the stator structures to stators axially facing the rotor, i.e. with axial or conical air gap
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
- H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
- H02K21/24—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets axially facing the armatures, e.g. hub-type cycle dynamos
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
- H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
- H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
- H02K5/20—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
- H02K5/203—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium specially adapted for liquids, e.g. cooling jackets
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electric axial flux machine, in particular for use within a drive train of a hybrid or fully electric motor vehicle, comprising a stator and a rotor separated from the stator by an air gap.
- Electric motors are increasingly being used to power motor vehicles in order to create alternatives to combustion engines that require fossil fuels.
- Considerable efforts have already been made to improve the suitability of electric drives for everyday use and to offer users the same driving comfort they are used to.
- An axial flux machine is a dynamoelectric machine in which the magnetic flux between the rotor and stator runs parallel to the axis of rotation of the rotor. Both the stator and the rotor are often largely disk-shaped. Axial flux machines are particularly advantageous when the axial space available in a given application is limited. This is often the case, for example, in the electric drive systems for electric vehicles described above.
- another advantage of the axial flux machine is its comparatively high torque density. The reason for this is the larger air gap area compared to radial flux machines, which for a given installation space is available. Furthermore, a smaller iron volume is required compared to conventional machines, which has a positive effect on the efficiency of the machine.
- an axial flow machine Due to its disk-shaped main components, an axial flow machine is particularly well suited for applications where a very short length of the electric motor is important and where a relatively large motor diameter is still acceptable. When developing corresponding axial flow machines, it is therefore usually sensible to aim for the shortest possible design, although the outer diameter of the axial flow machine should not be larger than absolutely necessary. Axial flow machines for motor vehicles also always have to meet the requirements of low weight, high power density and low costs.
- an electric axial flow machine in particular for use within a drive train of a hybrid or fully electric motor vehicle, comprising a stator and a rotor separated from the stator by an air gap, wherein the stator is accommodated in a pot-like annular housing with a housing base extending in the radial direction, wherein the housing base extends through the air gap between the stator and the rotor and the housing is closed on the side axially opposite the housing base by a housing cover, wherein the housing cover has at least one first positioning means protruding in the axial direction from the housing cover or at least one first positioning means protruding in the axial direction into the housing cover, which cooperates with a corresponding second positioning means on the stator such that the position of the stator relative to the housing cover is fixed, and/or the housing cover has at least one third positioning means protruding in the axial direction from the housing cover or at least one third positioning means protruding in the axial direction into the housing cover, which cooperates with a
- stator and housing are positioned directly via the corresponding positioning means, which are designed, for example, as moldings or features on the housing cover.
- the tolerance chains between the stator and housing cover and also between the housing and the stator or housing cover can be made as short as possible by this measure. No further assembly aids are required in the tool, which can also have a positive effect on ease of assembly and manufacturing costs.
- the magnetic flux in an electric axial flux machine is directed axially to a direction of rotation of the rotor of the axial flux machine in the air gap between stator and rotor.
- an axial flow machine in an I-arrangement or an H-arrangement.
- the rotor is arranged axially next to a stator or between two stators.
- two rotors are arranged on opposite axial sides of a stator.
- the axial flow machine according to the invention is preferably configured in an I-arrangement.
- I-type and/or H-type are arranged axially next to each other.
- I-type rotor-stator configurations next to one another in the axial direction.
- H-type and/or I-type rotor-stator configurations it is also preferable for the H-type and/or I-type rotor-stator configurations to be essentially identical, so that they can be combined in a modular manner to form an overall configuration.
- Such rotor-stator configurations can in particular be arranged coaxially to one another and connected to a common rotor shaft or to several rotor shafts.
- the stator of the electric axial flow machine preferably has a stator body with several stator windings arranged in the circumferential direction.
- the stator body can be designed as a single piece or in segments when viewed in the circumferential direction.
- the stator body can be formed from a stator lamination package with several laminated electrical laminations.
- the stator body can also be formed from a pressed soft magnetic material, such as the so-called SMC material (Soft Magnetic Compound).
- the stator is housed in a housing.
- the housing can be made of one or more parts.
- the housing is particularly preferably made of plastic.
- the housing can be closed on all sides. It is also possible to provide openings in the housing, for example to reduce weight or to provide access to a component.
- the rotor of an electric axial flux machine can be designed at least in part as a laminated rotor.
- a laminated rotor is designed to be layered in the axial direction.
- the rotor of an axial flux machine can alternatively also have a rotor carrier which is equipped with magnetic sheets and/or SMC material and with magnetic elements designed as permanent magnets.
- the permanent magnets can preferably be introduced into the pockets of the rotor core.
- a single larger rotor magnet designed as a bar magnet or several smaller rotor magnets designed as permanent magnet elements can be provided per pocket.
- the rotor preferably has a plurality of rotor bodies.
- the rotor bodies are particularly preferably formed from essentially the same parts, in particular essentially identical. It is highly preferred that the rotor bodies are formed from identical, in particular essentially identical rotor laminations.
- the rotor bodies are therefore particularly preferably formed from a rotor lamination stack, which is composed of a plurality of laminated individual laminations or rotor laminations, usually made from electrical steel, which are layered and packaged one above the other to form a stack, the so-called rotor lamination stack.
- the individual laminations can remain held together in the rotor lamination stack by gluing, welding or screwing.
- a rotor lamination stack can in particular also have permanent magnets introduced into the pockets of the rotor lamination stack or fixed to the circumference of the rotor lamination stack.
- a rotor shaft is a rotatably mounted shaft of an electrical machine to which the rotor or rotor body is rotationally fixedly coupled.
- the electric axial flow machine can also have a control device.
- a control device as can be used in the present invention serves in particular for the electronic control and/or regulation of one or more technical systems of the electric axial flow machine.
- the electric axial flow machine is intended in particular for use within a drive train of a hybrid or fully electric motor vehicle.
- the electric machine is dimensioned such that vehicle speeds of greater than 50 km/h, preferably greater than 80 km/h and in particular greater than 100 km/h can be achieved.
- the electric motor particularly preferably has an output of greater than 30 kW, preferably greater than 50 kW and in particular greater than 70 kW. It is further preferred that the electric machine provides speeds of greater than 5,000 rpm, particularly preferably greater than 10,000 rpm, most particularly preferably greater than 12,500 rpm.
- the electric axial flux machine can preferably also be installed in an electrically operated axle drive train.
- An electric axle drive train of a motor vehicle comprises an electric axial flux machine and a transmission, wherein the electric axial flux machine and the transmission form a structural unit.
- the electric axial flux machine and the transmission are arranged in a common drive train housing.
- a drive train housing can also form a connection structure for the axial flux machine.
- the electric axial flux machine it would of course also be possible for the electric axial flux machine to have a motor housing and the transmission to have a transmission housing, wherein the structural unit can then be effected by fixing the transmission relative to the electric axial flux machine.
- This structural unit is sometimes also referred to as an E-axle.
- the first positioning means and/or the third positioning means are formed in one piece, in particular monolithically, with the housing cover.
- the advantage of this embodiment is that it allows the manufacturing costs to be further reduced and the ease of assembly to be further improved.
- the first positioning means and/or the third positioning means are each designed as a component separate from the housing cover.
- a separate component can be a feather key, for example.
- the separate component has a feedthrough for at least one electrical conductor from the housing.
- the advantageous effect of this embodiment is based on the fact that by integrating a further function in the separate component, a higher degree of system integration can be achieved, which can also contribute to simplified assembly and reduced production costs.
- the first positioning means and the third positioning means are designed as one piece, which can also have a positive influence on the manufacturing costs.
- the invention can also be further developed in such a way that the second positioning means is designed as a recess extending axially into the stator.
- the advantage of this design is that such a recess can be implemented relatively easily in a stator, which can again contribute to cost-effective production of the axial flow machine.
- the housing cover has a cylinder ring section extending in the axial direction towards the rotor, on which at least one fifth positioning means protruding in the radial direction into the cylinder ring section or extending out of the cylinder ring section, which cooperates with a corresponding sixth positioning means on the housing in such a way that the position of the housing relative to the housing cover is fixed.
- the fifth positioning means is designed in one piece, in particular monolithically, with the cylinder ring section, which can again provide manufacturing advantages.
- the fifth positioning means is designed as a component separate from the cylinder ring section, for example as a feather key.
- the invention can also be advantageously implemented in such a way that the axial flow machine is configured in an I-arrangement.
- the invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to figures without limiting the general inventive concept.
- Figure 1 shows an electrical axial flow machine in a schematic axial section
- Figure 2 shows a first embodiment of a stator of an electric axial flow machine in a schematic axial sectional view
- Figure 3 shows a second embodiment of a stator of an electric axial flow machine in a schematic axial sectional view
- Figure 4 shows a third embodiment of a stator of an electric axial flow machine in a schematic axial sectional view
- Figure 5 shows a fourth embodiment of a stator of an electric axial flow machine in a schematic axial sectional view
- Figure 6 shows a fifth embodiment of a stator of an electric axial flow machine in a schematic axial sectional view
- Figure 7 shows a sixth embodiment of a stator of an electric axial flow machine in a schematic axial sectional view
- Figure 8 shows a seventh embodiment of a stator of an electrical axial flow machine in a schematic axial sectional view and a stator body in a perspective view
- Figure 9 shows an eighth embodiment of a stator of an electric axial flow machine in a schematic axial sectional view
- Figure 10 shows a ninth embodiment of a stator of an electrical axial flow machine in a schematic axial section and a cross-sectional view
- Figure 11 shows a tenth embodiment of a stator of an electrical axial flow machine in a schematic axial section and a cross-sectional view
- Figure 12 shows an eleventh embodiment of a stator of an electric axial flow machine in a schematic axial sectional view
- Figure 13 shows a twelfth embodiment of a stator of an electric axial flow machine in a schematic axial sectional view
- Figure 14 shows a thirteenth embodiment of a stator of an electric axial flow machine in a schematic axial sectional view
- Figure 15 shows a fourteenth embodiment of a stator of an electrical axial flux machine in a schematic axial sectional view.
- Figure 1 shows an electric axial flux machine 1, in particular for use within a drive train of a hybrid or fully electric motor vehicle, comprising a stator 2 with a stator winding 23 and a rotor 4 separated from the stator 2 by an air gap 3.
- the axial flux machine 1 is configured in an I arrangement, so that the axial flux machine 1 has a structure that is a mirror image of the radial plane of the rotor 4. For reasons of clarity, reference numerals have therefore been omitted for the right stator. It is understood, however, that this is essentially a mirror image of the left stator 2.
- the stator 2 is housed in a pot-shaped annular housing 5 with a
- Housing base 6 passes through the air gap 3 between stator 2 and rotor 4 and the housing 5 is closed by a housing cover 7 on the side axially opposite the housing base 6.
- the housing 5 is thus pronounced of the shape of a donut.
- the housing 5 is sealed against the housing cover 7 via the seal 28 and is axially secured by means of the locking ring 29.
- the housing cover 7 has at least one first positioning means 8 protruding in the axial direction from the housing cover 7 or at least one protruding in the axial direction into the housing cover 7, which cooperates with a corresponding second positioning means 9 on the stator 2 such that the position of the stator 2 is fixed relative to the housing cover 7. Furthermore, the housing cover 7 can have at least one third positioning means 10 protruding in the axial direction from the housing cover 7 or at least one protruding in the axial direction into the housing cover 7, which cooperates with a corresponding fourth positioning means 9 on the housing 5 such that the position of the housing 5 relative to the housing cover 7 is fixed. This results in a series of configuration options, which are explained in more detail below with reference to Figures 2-11.
- Figure 2 shows an embodiment in which the first positioning means 8 and the third positioning means 10 are each formed in one piece, in particular monolithically, with the housing cover 7 and protrude axially from the housing cover 7.
- the positioning means 8, 10 can be formed, for example, by means of caulking.
- the positioning means 8, 10 have a pin-like design, with the first positioning means 8 engaging in a corresponding recess (second positioning means 9) of the stator 2 and the second positioning means 10 engaging in a corresponding recess (fourth positioning means 19) of the housing 5 formed on the radially inner circumference of the housing 5.
- Figure 3 shows an embodiment slightly modified from Figure 2, in which the first positioning means 8 and the third positioning means 10 are designed as one piece and are positioned in the radially inner circumferential region of the housing 5.
- the one-piece positioning means 8, 10 is also formed monolithically from the housing cover 7 by means of caulking.
- FIG. 4 A modification of the solution known from Figure 3 is shown in Figure 4.
- the first positioning means 8 and the third positioning means 10 are formed together but as a component 12 separate from the housing cover 7.
- the separate component 12 is a feather key and is positioned in the radially inner region of the housing 5. Positioning in the radially outer region of the housing 5 is also possible, which is shown in Figure 6.
- the separate component 12 has a feedthrough 14 for at least one electrical conductor 13 from the housing 5, wherein the electrical conductor 13 is provided for supplying current to the stator winding 23.
- Figure 5 shows a slight modification of the embodiment already known from Figure 2.
- the third positioning means 10 is designed as a recess into which a separate component 12 designed as a feather key engages and causes the positioning of the housing 5 relative to the housing cover 7. It is of course also possible for the separate component 12 to be designed as one piece with the housing 5 and then to engage as a pin-like positioning means 19 in the corresponding recess of the housing cover 7.
- Figure 8 shows an alternative design in which the second positioning means 9 is designed as a recess 11 extending axially into the stator 2.
- the second positioning means 9 is designed as a recess 11 extending axially into the stator 2.
- a plurality of such recesses 11 can run in the radial direction through the ring-disk-like stator yoke 21 of the stator body 20, which serve as Cooling channels 24 function.
- the stator body 20 also has stator teeth 22 extending in the axial direction from the stator yoke 21.
- the cooling channels 24 can now be used to provide a recess 11 in the stator 2, into which the first positioning means 8 engages.
- the recess 11 then forms the second positioning means 9.
- a stator 2 wound from a sheet metal strip it makes sense to support the position between the housing cover 7 and the stator 2 as far radially inward as possible, since the wound stator 2 has the highest accuracy in this area.
- the cooling fluid 25 can thus be guided through the housing cover 7 and fed to the cooling channels 24 through a cooling fluid inlet 26.
- the cooling fluid 25 then leaves the stator area again through the outlet opening 27 in the radially upper area of the housing 5.
- FIG. 9 corresponds essentially to that of Figure 8, but with the difference that here the cooling channel is formed in the housing cover 7.
- a pin-like positioning means 9 for positioning is then provided on the stator 2, which engages in the cooling channel of the housing cover 7.
- the cooling channel 24 thus represents the first positioning means 8 of the housing cover 7.
- Figures 10-11 show two embodiments in which the housing cover 7 has a cylinder ring section 15 extending in the axial direction towards the rotor 4, on which at least one fifth positioning means 16 is formed, which protrudes in the radial direction into the cylinder ring section 15 or extends out of the cylinder ring section 15 and which interacts with a corresponding sixth positioning means 17 on the housing 5 in such a way that the position of the housing 5 relative to the housing cover 7 is fixed.
- Figure 10 shows an embodiment in which the fifth positioning means 16 is formed in one piece, in particular monolithically, with the cylinder ring section 15. The positioning of the housing 5 can therefore be carried out, for example, via a spline (positive fit) on the cylinder ring section 15.
- the axial flow machine 1 in the embodiment shown has a housing cover 7 and a hub connected to the housing cover 7 via a welded connection, which forms the cylinder ring section 15. If the housing cover 7 is to be centered over a diameter, one tooth-like positioning means 16 is sufficient to maintain the circumferential position, as shown in Figure 10. Otherwise, at least three tooth-like positioning means 16 are required to additionally center the housing 5.
- the fifth positioning means 16 is designed as a component 18 separate from the cylinder ring section 15, for example as a feather key.
- Figures 12-15 show further embodiments of the invention in which the housing base 6 and/or the housing cover 7 are also positioned above the stator 2. Otherwise, these embodiments correspond to those known from Figures 2-7.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Motor Or Generator Frames (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102022133850.9A DE102022133850A1 (de) | 2022-12-19 | 2022-12-19 | Elektrische Axialflussmaschine |
| PCT/DE2023/100779 WO2024132005A1 (de) | 2022-12-19 | 2023-10-19 | Elektrische axialflussmaschine |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4639734A1 true EP4639734A1 (de) | 2025-10-29 |
Family
ID=88600347
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23798341.6A Withdrawn EP4639734A1 (de) | 2022-12-19 | 2023-10-19 | Elektrische axialflussmaschine |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4639734A1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN120226240A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102022133850A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2024132005A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2273655B1 (de) * | 2009-07-07 | 2012-03-21 | Dietz-motoren GmbH & Co. KG | Elektrische Maschine |
| TWI412213B (zh) * | 2010-10-12 | 2013-10-11 | Ind Tech Res Inst | 薄型馬達之強化結構 |
| DE112016005510T5 (de) * | 2015-12-03 | 2019-02-14 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Rotierende elektrische Maschine mit Axialspalt und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung |
| CN112889202A (zh) * | 2018-12-18 | 2021-06-01 | 住友电气工业株式会社 | 铁芯、定子及旋转电机 |
| US12255508B2 (en) * | 2020-02-26 | 2025-03-18 | Amotech Co., Ltd. | Axial gap type motor and water pump using same |
| DE102021108951A1 (de) * | 2021-04-10 | 2022-10-13 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Elektrische Maschine |
-
2022
- 2022-12-19 DE DE102022133850.9A patent/DE102022133850A1/de active Granted
-
2023
- 2023-10-19 WO PCT/DE2023/100779 patent/WO2024132005A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2023-10-19 CN CN202380079130.6A patent/CN120226240A/zh active Pending
- 2023-10-19 EP EP23798341.6A patent/EP4639734A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2024132005A1 (de) | 2024-06-27 |
| DE102022133850A1 (de) | 2024-06-20 |
| CN120226240A (zh) | 2025-06-27 |
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