EP4639084A1 - Dispositif et procede de navigation utilisant des donnees pre-integrees de façon asynchrone dans une umi distante - Google Patents
Dispositif et procede de navigation utilisant des donnees pre-integrees de façon asynchrone dans une umi distanteInfo
- Publication number
- EP4639084A1 EP4639084A1 EP23828707.2A EP23828707A EP4639084A1 EP 4639084 A1 EP4639084 A1 EP 4639084A1 EP 23828707 A EP23828707 A EP 23828707A EP 4639084 A1 EP4639084 A1 EP 4639084A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- data
- navigation
- inertial
- integration
- electronic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C21/00—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00
- G01C21/10—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 by using measurements of speed or acceleration
- G01C21/12—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 by using measurements of speed or acceleration executed aboard the object being navigated; Dead reckoning
- G01C21/16—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 by using measurements of speed or acceleration executed aboard the object being navigated; Dead reckoning by integrating acceleration or speed, i.e. inertial navigation
- G01C21/183—Compensation of inertial measurements, e.g. for temperature effects
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C21/00—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00
- G01C21/10—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 by using measurements of speed or acceleration
- G01C21/12—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 by using measurements of speed or acceleration executed aboard the object being navigated; Dead reckoning
- G01C21/16—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 by using measurements of speed or acceleration executed aboard the object being navigated; Dead reckoning by integrating acceleration or speed, i.e. inertial navigation
- G01C21/165—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 by using measurements of speed or acceleration executed aboard the object being navigated; Dead reckoning by integrating acceleration or speed, i.e. inertial navigation combined with non-inertial navigation instruments
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of inertial measurement units and more particularly inertial navigation systems allowing navigation based on measurements provided by at least one inertial measurement unit.
- Inertial navigation systems are known, an example of which is shown in Figure 6 under the general reference 1000, comprising, in the same housing, an inertial measurement unit 1100 connected by a data link to an electronic navigation calculation unit. 1200.
- the inertial measurement unit 1100 comprises accelerometers and angular sensors arranged along the axes of a measurement reference [m] to provide signals representative of the integral, over a time step (between an instant t i-1 and an instant t i ), the specific force vector and the angular velocity vector relative to an inertial reference frame [i].
- the successive signals are thus representative of the integral of the specific force vector on the one hand and of the angular velocity vector on the other hand from an instant t 0 to an instant t 1 , then from instant t 1 to a instant t 2 , then from instant t2 to instant t 3 , etc. : the signals are therefore generally called increments.
- the specific force in English “specific force”, “g-force” or “mass-specific force”) is a representation of the sum of the acceleration with respect to the inertial frame and the earth's gravity.
- the electronic navigation calculation unit 1200 comprises a processor and a memory containing a navigation computer program which is executed by the processor and which uses the signals provided by the inertial measurement unit 1100 to determine a trajectory of the carrier (a vehicle) embarking the navigation system.
- the signals provided by the inertial measurement unit 1100 are increments indicative of a variation in the location of the carrier and not an absolute value, the navigation calculations must be carried out at a high frequency, typically 50 to 200 Hz, in order to ensure a precise reconstruction of the location which is insensitive to the dynamics of the wearer.
- a clock 1001 makes it possible to synchronize the inertial measurement unit 1100 and the electronic navigation calculation unit 1200. It is understood that a loss of signal, even of short duration, between the inertial measurement unit and the electronic unit navigation calculation is very detrimental since part of the increments is not used.
- the computers including the electronic calculation unit of the navigation system, in one or more avionics bays located at the same point of the aircraft.
- the inertial measurement unit must preferably be located as close as possible to the center of gravity of the aircraft.
- the inertial measurement unit would be connected to the electronic calculation unit, located in the avionics bay, by an Ethernet link for example conforming to the ARINC664 standard.
- the invention aims in particular to obviate at least in part the aforementioned drawbacks.
- a navigation device comprising an inertial measurement unit and an electronic navigation calculation unit connected to each other by a data link.
- the inertial measurement unit comprises inertial sensors providing first signals containing first data representative of variations in linear speeds and second data representative of variations in angular attitudes.
- the electronic navigation calculation unit is arranged to calculate navigation from signals provided by the inertial measurement unit.
- the inertial measurement unit comprises an electronic processing circuit connected to the inertial sensors and arranged to perform at least a first integration, as a function of time, of the first data and the second data over an integration duration, measured from a single instant of start of integration, to produce first processed data and second processed data contained in second signals with temporal information representative of the integration duration.
- the electronic calculation unit is arranged to extract the processed data and the temporal information from the second signals and use them to calculate the navigation taking into account the integration duration separating two successive extractions.
- the first signals (the increments produced by the inertial sensors) which are transmitted to high frequency to the electronic navigation calculation unit as in the prior art, but values integrated over an unbounded integration duration from the single instant of initialization (the same for all the first data, corresponding for example when the system is started or when a command to start integration is received), which can be transmitted at the same frequency or at a lower frequency.
- the second signals successively sent by the electronic processing circuit will be representative of an integration from the instant t 0 to an instant t 1 , then from the instant t 0 to an instant t 2 , then from the instant t 0 at a time t 3 , etc.
- the electronic processing circuit is arranged to compare the first integrated data to at least a first threshold and to, when the first integrated data have a current value exceeding the first threshold, apply to the first integrated data a predetermined offset to bring the first integrated data to a value shifted below the first threshold.
- the electronic processing circuit is arranged to carry out two successive integrations on the first data and, when the first data doubly integrated data have a current value exceeding a second threshold, apply to the first doubly integrated data a second predetermined shift to bring the first doubly integrated data to a shifted value below the second threshold.
- the electronic navigation calculation unit is arranged so that, on each reception of data from the inertial measurement unit:
- the electronic navigation calculation unit is arranged to, on each reception of data from the inertial measurement unit: calculate the evolution of the location since the last reception from:
- the invention also relates to a navigation method by means of a navigation device comprising an inertial measurement unit and an electronic navigation calculation unit connected to each other by a data link.
- the process comprises the steps of
- the invention finally relates to a vehicle equipped with a navigation device according to the invention.
- Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge on reading the following description of a particular and non-limiting mode of implementation of the invention.
- Figure 1 is a partial schematic view of an aircraft equipped with a navigation device according to the invention
- FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the device according to the invention.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the data exchanges during the implementation of the method according to the invention.
- Figure 4 is a flowchart showing the implementation of the method according to the invention, on the inertial measurement unit side;
- Figure 5 is a flowchart showing the implementation of the method according to the invention, on the electronic calculation unit side;
- Figure 6 is a flowchart showing the data exchanges in a navigation device according to the prior art.
- the invention is described here in an aeronautical application, the navigation device of the invention being embarked in an aircraft A having a structure comprising a fuselage and wings and having a center of gravity G.
- the navigation device comprises an inertial measurement unit 100 and an electronic unit for calculating navigation 200 connected to each other by a data link 300.
- the inertial measurement unit 100 is here positioned substantially at the center of gravity G of the aircraft A and the electronic calculation unit 200 is here positioned at the front of the aircraft A, in an avionics bay B grouping together the computers used for processing the data used for piloting the aircraft A.
- the inertial measurement unit 100 is arranged at a first distance from the center of gravity G and the electronic navigation calculation unit 200 is arranged at a second distance from the center of gravity, the first distance here being less than the second distance.
- the difference between the first distance and the second distance is several meters.
- the inertial measurement unit 100 comprises a first housing 101 containing inertial sensors, namely linear inertial sensors (more precisely accelerometers 110) arranged along the axes of a measurement mark [m] to measure the “gravitational speed” of this reference (that is to say the time integral of the specific force present at the center of this reference) and angular inertial sensors, here gyrometers 120, arranged along the axes of this reference to measure the rotation of the measurement frame [m] relative to an inertial frame [i]. Inertial sensors do not provide absolute values but increments representative of a variation in the measured quantity compared to the previous measurement.
- the inertial frame [i] is for example the measurement frame when the inertial measurement unit 100 is powered up or any other inertial frame offset angularly relative to the latter.
- the increments of the integral of the specific force are thus representative of a variation of the components of the gravitational speed along the three axes of the frame [m].
- the rotation increments are thus representative of the variation of the integral over time of the angular rotation speed of the measurement frame [m] relative to the inertial frame [i] and are provided in the form of quaternions, Euler angles, matrices of rotation, or Bortz vectors.
- the inertial sensors thus provide first signals containing first data representative of a variation in gravitational speed (accelerometric measurement) and second data representative of a variation of angles (gyrometric measurement). Conventionally, these signals are provided at a rate between 100 Hz and 400 Hz.
- the first housing 101 is received in a second housing 102 of the inertial measurement unit 100.
- the second housing 102 also contains an electronic processing circuit 130 having inputs connected to the outputs of the inertial sensors 110, 120 for example by electrical conductors such as tracks or cables.
- the electronic processing circuit 130 here comprises at least one processor and a memory containing a first computer program which is executable by the processor and which comprises instructions arranged to implement the method of the invention. This first program will be detailed later.
- the electronic navigation calculation unit 200 is known in itself and comprises a housing 201 containing at least one processor and a memory containing a second computer program which is executable by the processor and which includes instructions arranged to implement the process of the invention. Generally speaking, the electronic navigation calculation unit 200 is arranged to calculate inertial navigation from the signals provided by the inertial measurement unit 100. This second program will also be detailed later.
- the inertial measurement unit 100 and the electronic navigation calculation unit 200 each have a clock allowing the first to date the signals transmitted and the other to date the moments of reception.
- the inertial measurement unit 100 and the electronic navigation calculation unit 200 are physically separated from each other but are connected to exchange signals.
- the electronic processing circuit 130 has at least one output connected to at least one input of the electronic navigation calculation unit 200 via the data link 300.
- the data link 300 is here an Ethernet link for example conforming to the ARINC664 standard.
- the first program executed by the electronic processing circuit 130 receives as input the first signals containing the first data and the second data. It is designed to carry out:
- the first program executed by the electronic processing circuit is arranged to calculate the floating or fixed point integrations with a number of mantissa bits making it possible to achieve the required location precision with a minimum time between two successive offsets of 20 s.
- a double precision calculation on 64 bits including 48 mantissa bits makes it possible to achieve a precision objective of, for example, 0.001 m. s -1 , 0.001 m, 0.001 °/h and 1 ⁇ rad.
- the second integrated data are representative of an angular position (or an orientation);
- the first integrated data and the first processed data are representative of a linear speed
- the first doubly integrated data and the first doubly processed data are representative of a linear position.
- the first shift operation comprises the step of comparing an absolute current value of each component of the first integrated data to at least a first threshold Sspeed.
- the first program leaves the current values unchanged, which amounts to applying a zero offset.
- the first program applies to said component of the first integrated data a predetermined shift to bring said component of the first integrated data to a value shifted below the first threshold.
- a first offset value SHV (equal here to the first threshold SVitesse) is deduced from the current value of said component of the first integrated data (or added to it according to the sign of the current value) to obtain the value shifted.
- the first Sspeed threshold is determined based on an expected speed resolution for navigation.
- the integration duration without offset obviously depends on the dynamics of the aircraft A.
- the first integrated data and the first SHV offset value are expressed here in meters per second.
- the second shift operation comprises the step of comparing an absolute current value of the first doubly integrated data to at least a second threshold Sposition.
- the first program leaves the current values unchanged, which amounts to applying a zero offset.
- the first program applies to said component of the first doubly integrated data a predetermined offset to bring said component of the first doubly integrated data to a value shifted below the second threshold.
- a second SHP offset value (here equal to the second threshold Sposition) is deduced from the current value of the first doubly integrated data (or added according to the sign of the current value of said component) to obtain the offset value.
- the second Sposition threshold is determined based on an expected position resolution for navigation.
- the integration time without offset depends on the dynamics of aircraft A and the SPosition threshold.
- the first doubly integrated data and the second SHP offset value are expressed here in meters.
- the first processed data (which correspond to the three components of the speed including the integration of the effect of gravity, possibly affected by an offset, and for this reason named pseudo-PV speed), the first doubly processed data (which correspond to the three components of the position including the double integration of the effect of gravity, possibly affected by a shift - speed or position - or by two shifts - speed and position, and for this reason named pseudo-position PP), the second processed data (which correspond to the three rotation components representative of the attitude of the aircraft A), and temporal information (an integration step counter or time step of the inertial measurement unit between the sampling instant and the single instant of start of integration, here t e -t 0 ) are put in the form of a packet introduced into second signals transmitted via the data link 300 to the electronic unit of navigation calculation 200.
- pseudo-PV speed the first doubly processed data
- pseudo-position PP which correspond to the three components of the position including the double integration of the effect of gravity, possibly affected by a shift - speed or position - or by two shifts - speed
- the second program executed by the electronic navigation calculation unit 200 is arranged to extract the processed data and the temporal information from the second signals and use them to calculate the navigation taking into account the evolution of the integration duration since the last extraction of the second signals.
- the second program receives as input the second signals, in the form of two data packets, emitted at each instant t e by the first program but recovered respectively for example at time ts 1 then at time t 2 , each comprising the first processed data, the first data doubly processed, the second processed data, and temporal information corresponding to the sampling instant of the pseudo-navigation data in the inertial measurement unit with any internal drifts of the clock of the measurement unit inertial (this temporal information is a number of integration steps of the inertial measurement unit, since the single instant of start of integration t 0 , associated with the data packet transmitted by the inertial measurement unit).
- the two instants t 1 then t 2 are separated by less than half the minimum time between two successive shifts of a component of pseudo speed or pseudo inertial position.
- the second program must carry out the operations making it possible to calculate from the data received at time t 2 :
- the second program has the offset values and is arranged to analyze the values of the transmitted processed data and detect the presence of an offset.
- the analysis consists of comparing each of the components of the processed data recently received with each of the components of the processed data received at the previous moment and of detecting an inconsistency there taking into account the possible dynamics of the vehicle and the laws of physics. If such an inconsistency exists, it means that a shift has occurred and the second program then considers the Shif tPVdetected flag as true and compensates for the shift made using the corresponding shift value. Otherwise, the second program considers the ShiftPVdetected flag as false.
- the second program calculates the evolution of the inertial location from t 1 to t 2 from the following information:
- the curvature matrix MC making it possible to determine the local curvature of the reference ellipsoid for navigation in relation to the earth
- the second program performs these calculations of the evolution of the inertial location from t 1 to t 2 taking as hypothesis H1 that the apparent acceleration ⁇ p is constant in the navigation frame between t 1 and t 2 .
- CorrPPi (t 1 ->t 2 ) DP (t 1 ->t 2 ) - (PV (t 1 )
- the second program corrects the inertial localization using a CorrPi deviation calculated as follows:
- the electronic navigation unit has a working period of less than half of a minimum time between two successive shifts.
- the present invention relates to the integration of these increments, by the inertial measurement unit, into an inertial reference frame (except for sensor defects) so as to enable navigation calculations on a terrestrial reference ellipsoid at a lower frequency and to asynchronous manner.
- the use of the outputs of the inertial measurement unit by the second program, in the case where offsets are possible, is based on the knowledge and exploitation of the pseudo-velocity and pseudo-inertial position offset values upstream of the calculation of evolution of inertial localization.
- the device may have a structure different from that described.
- the electronic processing circuit and the electronic navigation calculation unit may have structures different from those described and include for example a coprocessor, a dedicated ASIC type processor, a microcontroller, an FPGA type programmable circuit, etc. .
- the invention is particularly advantageous when the inertial measurement unit and the electronic processing unit are very far from each other (for example several meters), the invention is also applicable when the unit inertial measurement and the electronic processing unit are closer (for example less than one meter).
- the second distance is not limited by the first distance: the second distance may be less, greater, or equal to the first distance depending on the needs and configuration of the vehicle. Computer programs can be arranged differently and perform calculations with different precisions.
- Shift operations are not necessary when the integration time is such that the processed data provided will have a value compatible with the expected resolution for navigation.
- the outputs of the electronic processing circuit can be supplied at a fixed rate (possibly configurable via a circuit initialization command) or on external request, then up to the program making the request to ensure a sufficient rate of requests so as not to risk more than a shift of the same data between two supplies.
- the attitude outputs (gyrometric data), as well as the speed outputs and the position outputs (from accelerometric data) are limited to 22 or 24 bits per output with sufficient resolution to ensure that the degradation of the navigation precision with the method of the invention is negligible compared to the precision of navigation carried out directly from the increments coming from the sensors.
- the offsets described make it possible to limit the number of bits of the speed and position outputs.
- the outputs of the electronic processing circuit allow inertial navigation:
- the first program executed by the electronic processing circuit has an initialization mode by which all or part of the following parameters can be modified:
- navigation with inertial or horizontal mechanization (and navigation reference) at free azimuth on the terrestrial ellipsoid will be chosen. This is however not obligatory.
- the effects of variation in gravity, local curvature of the ellipsoid and Coriolis acceleration between times t 0 and t e are neglected.
- the duration between two shifts can be from a few seconds to a few tens of seconds depending on the dynamics of the vehicle carrying the navigation device.
- the device may comprise one or more inertial measurement units arranged in the vicinity of each other (or not), at any point of the aircraft and in particular not necessarily in the vicinity of the center of gravity.
- the invention is applicable to any type of vehicle, whether land, water or air.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Navigation (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2214145A FR3144274B1 (fr) | 2022-12-21 | 2022-12-21 | Dispositif et procédé de navigation utilisant des données pré-intégrées de façon asynchrone dans une UMI distante |
| PCT/EP2023/085232 WO2024132656A1 (fr) | 2022-12-21 | 2023-12-12 | Dispositif et procede de navigation utilisant des donnees pre-integrees de façon asynchrone dans une umi distante |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4639084A1 true EP4639084A1 (fr) | 2025-10-29 |
Family
ID=86271981
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23828707.2A Pending EP4639084A1 (fr) | 2022-12-21 | 2023-12-12 | Dispositif et procede de navigation utilisant des donnees pre-integrees de façon asynchrone dans une umi distante |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4639084A1 (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN120569607A (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3144274B1 (fr) |
| IL (1) | IL321633A (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2024132656A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TW577975B (en) * | 2000-07-25 | 2004-03-01 | American Gnc Corp | Core inertial measurement unit |
| US7579984B2 (en) * | 2005-11-23 | 2009-08-25 | The Boeing Company | Ultra-tightly coupled GPS and inertial navigation system for agile platforms |
-
2022
- 2022-12-21 FR FR2214145A patent/FR3144274B1/fr active Active
-
2023
- 2023-12-12 WO PCT/EP2023/085232 patent/WO2024132656A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2023-12-12 EP EP23828707.2A patent/EP4639084A1/fr active Pending
- 2023-12-12 CN CN202380092032.6A patent/CN120569607A/zh active Pending
- 2023-12-12 IL IL321633A patent/IL321633A/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR3144274B1 (fr) | 2025-01-03 |
| FR3144274A1 (fr) | 2024-06-28 |
| CN120569607A (zh) | 2025-08-29 |
| IL321633A (en) | 2025-08-01 |
| WO2024132656A1 (fr) | 2024-06-27 |
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