EP4635174A1 - Method and apparatus for adaptive motion compensated filtering - Google Patents

Abstract

Methods for video decoding and encoding, apparatuses and non-transitory computer-readable storage media thereof are provided. In one method for video decoding, a decoder may obtain a first prediction block based on a current inter block and a current motion vector of the current inter block; obtain a second prediction block based on the current inter block and a neighboring motion vector of a neighboring block of the current inter block; obtain a filtered prediction block by applying a filter to the first prediction block or the second prediction block; and obtain a final prediction block based on the filtered prediction block.

Description

ornee.: . eo an arausoraveoonomensae ern - o. e,res,e enn a enec re “aon oas wvee co u snoo cnn an oro camsroro..rovsona caon anuar, ,e omraeensae reereenrcneoorr a-urreocseso.n,”e on nomeeroe,s meneoscso asnure as raeraaeusoo vmeroo cvoene c aonn comecroessnon e, ancennca orcuearu conocs. ner erormearo aus veo conecnues mae useo comress veoaa.eo cons sanarsncccuore vnersaoe on ve oer more veo con sanars.or exame, veo con avance veo co o con ,-ecenc veo con. , eo c n. , movncure exerrou con, oree. eeoanaeen aeravan uae ozes rerecon meose..,ner-recon,nra-recon, or oa o veo conecnuessuno caonmcrersess venn veomaes or seuences.nmoran we avon eoaano aorma uses aower rae, ers or v mersnomnzneraaonso veoua. aroxmae -ra oe saven or e saunvaaren waesrcenauazeuanu co,mar, wc oers eneraon veo con sanar . ou e sa eoeror conmrovemensansre narroves sncan cane aceve w aona coencessooor,s.eerecens ev,oencea sueror con ecenc unere coaoraon o - an neo sxoraoneam avanceecnooesa can e aree exoraon o .nr , one soware cnoaeea ssue,s caanean enanacnecemeon o con ecenc over esaseoruure veo con exoraon wor.e rmeerreesnscoen soowaere wasa wseas ornee.: . o mnouesee.s.,oneranerreac woans,evraenosoe ore , w severa exsn exene anormrove.nuure, an newr cmo,nn-ooooeoenr ane soor san aarre nuereer eneraenoe aorm, anese usn commones conons s.o coneceornese encesnccos oureernovees exames oecnues reanomrovne veoeccocornn o aon anerrs co asec or coenresenocss.cosure,eresrove a meoor oca noc.ne meo, aecoer ma oan arsrecon a seconsere onc ao cnurreoncnearsoc an a curren moon vecor oe currenneroc oan neornoc oe curreen onnereo cucrre onanner aocere anre a nceoorn moon vecor o ao one oersreconoc ore seconr noc an aer ocase oneererec econoc an oan anarecon recon onoc ane oer oersreconoc ore secon veo enccocoorc nn. o aon an seecro cno ansecoc o.neree mseenos,c aons eunrec,oeerr meas orovane a ars mereocoonr a soecconasere onc ao cnurreonneroc an a curren moon vecor oe currenneroc oan neornoc oec curarseen onnereo cucrre onanner aocere anr a neorn moon vecor o ao one oersreconoc ore sec econoc an aer ocase oneer onreconoc an oan anarecon reconoc ereconoc ane oer oersreconoc ore secon veoeccocornn. .oe a aarra ausse mca onceuree osenne ors mcoorseurer,oceesrseorss anrov a mee an aarausor e one or morerocessors an conureo sorensrucons execuaemoer on ceou or meoroe ornee.: . coroncesusorers.urermore,e one or morerocessors, uon execuon oensrucons, are or veoc ecnoo cronero n.orm aeo auer me ara aso usec ac ma ocor ncen ureeos oenner e orss mco assureec,.eresrove an aaraus oe one or morer orerocessors an a memor coue morerocessors.uroecremssoorres, ane o cnoen or mureo sorensrucons execuae e one or are conureoerorme meo accororenrooceseso sresc,o unon as exeeccu.on oensrucons, comuercc roearaneo s aorae a mseecum oore sroersennscosure,eresrove a non-ransor execue one or more comuerrocessors, ca cuosmeueer o-neexe ocru maoensruconsa, wen erorme meo accornoer re comuerrocessorso co ccorno a sx asec ose asreecse.nscosure,er xmuer reaae sorae me esrove a non-ransor e umor sorn comuer-execuaensruconsa, wen eercourmee m oeneo or a more comuerrocessors, causee one or more comuerrocessorso ccorno acc soervenn aoseec s oecone asec. comu resenscosure,eresrove a non-ransoroeerrs-r aesaeac.e sorae meumor sorn asreamoeecoe e meo accorn comuerc-rceoarane soo arna ee me asumeco or sorenre asensresacmosouree,eecroeesrovee me a non-ransoroe secon asec. o accorn reere mncorearcuarescron oe exames oeresenscosure we renere rawnseeco o snec socm eex eaxmameses aunsr aaree noneere aoree cnonerawns.venaese e exames weescre an exane w sereoemnn scoe, e use oe accomannrawns. aona secc aneasrou ornee.: .n accoran.s aocaramusran a ssemor encon anecon veoocs resensc.ce w osus a somoce exaamraems o o ane ernecsoenernsc aocscuorre.ance w some exames oe mue v.r eo-e. oc asre oocereanr samzess anusr saanesonw ac acorramaneces r wecurs sovmearoneno resensc e exames oe some exam.osur es ose a. eocresearamusran an exemar veo encoern accorance w resensc. s aocnarsacmos oure aecoern accorance w some exames oe some exam.osurse a.ocaramusran an exemar veoecoern accorance w .es os aearesreanmsucosure. accorance w some exames osraenresocaronsn a mu-eree srucuren e. s aaramusraneoncscarosuroe. accoranc nsn a mu-eree srucuren accorance. w s w sso o ame e me eaxa xarmamesu osraenreseoncscarosuroen.sn a mu-eree srucuren . s aarmamesu oseresenscosure. accorance w some exames oraenreseocaronsn a mu-eree srucuren . s aaramusranoncscarosuoren. accorance sn a mu-eree srucuren n acco. w ra snco s ewom ws oen eex s ea oxm maemes exe o am wee ersere oxse annereysc s aero nesuree. scoosruzroen.a an verca vaues oe ornee.: . are ae.o seonwesra aen exame were one as oneracona vaue anneroaoners accorance w some exaem corerses oonenreserencsocno sames aracona sameosonsn oerese. sows exames owoamoner ssuaree.sn accorance w some exames .n sscosure. aereconsonw asc aco surasanmce we- somae exacaman cacuaon aeorraen cacuaonsn .s aaramusranocaues oeresenscosure. n accoranc mnaon comensaon or un-recon or.e w an some ar eexames oeresenscosure. sames aramsusraneeneraon oe emaerecon . anse a mooecn aaccroarma onc ve weo e snocmoen exa wmese o aaevresenscosure.n accorance w some exames eernor-recon .s aocaram o o veeoreecseonns wcosuree. n accorance w some exa aaveernor-recon .s aarammusersa oneer aesaenscosure. -recon sames oemaen accorance wve m soomoen ex caommeenss oaeeerresnenase one .s aaramusrane aave moon come scosure. un-recon sames oemaen ac nsaeernase one .s aaramusranc ooraence w sroomcees esxaomrees osear aersee cnoesc wosuorue. su-oc m.oons a comaernasmaonusnra acncor oance w some exames oeresenscosure. oc moesn accor e rocessoresa are coe su- .s aaance w some exames oeresenscosure. exames o ramusran oeemae-ase n accorance w somen accoran.e ce wsr aese soan mreamscos examuusr erea. s on ae cormeseunns ecnvosruornem.en coue w a usernerace, ornee.: . exames o.es aresoewncasrcosuusreran a meoor veoeconn accorance w some exames o.es aresoewncasrcosuusrer. .an a meoor veo enconn accorance w some areusreaeerennce we ac ncoowmaen manernawenas.on seecocowmnemeenaaeons, exames o wc non-mn secceas are seor escron, numerous resenee n orero asssn unersanne suec maer aernaves mrean.eu use. wor exeam aea,ren wo oene a oar oernnaor on se one ara varous ae suec maerreseneeren canem ornar sne ar evces w a veo caaes emene on man es o eecronc emomeernmss a unse nonneensecosoure. m are ones acoosuere. “oreurose oescrn secc ormnescosure an an,” “sa,” an “e”n a snuar une e aene cams are asoneneoncue auraorm, asse orme “ra mneaonr”n usse are cneareescnooseurououescosure.s asooe unersoo comnao re reerso anncues one or an or aosse eenresn oce muroue aosusocaeemsa arese. exame,” “some emomens,” “ss someec excaamones,o” “one emomen,” “an emomen,” “an eaure, srucure, or caracerscescres onrc sumearnan auaeaes me oannes emao aarcuar exame.eaures, srucures, eemens, men or som or caracerscsescren connecon w one or oeerw emse.omens are aso acaeo oer emomens, uness exress sece nomencaruorue oonueors rceoesruernec,eseoer rmesev “anrs,” e “esmeceonns,,” e “..r,” ec. are a use as comosons, ses, ec., woumn an saa or cronooca, orevercse,s u,n ceosms exonreesnss, ornee.: . s seecaraee ooremrwese.evocres e,x oarme, a “rsevce” an a “seconevce” ma reerowo an mae na woars, comonens, or oeraona saes o a sameevce “un,” or “summ , eer-use n “m ar ”o mura aer,”n “cs.uu-em moeumoe,r” “csrcaure,”, “seu-ccarecu, o,”r “crorcuur,”a “s su-crcur,”nsruconsa cane execue one or morero ores coe or more crcus w or wou s cessors. moue mancue one or one or more comonensa aroerere ccoe o orrnnsrrueccon cso.nneec meo.uees oer c corcu mancue ma noesca aaceo, orocae aaceno, on monens ma or s useeren,eerm “” or “wen” mae une aenrsoooer. resonseo”eenn one conex.es o mean “uon” or “n e reevanmaons or eerms, aearn a cam, ma noncaeancue ses o: wen ore caounres aorne cosnresoenna, ourn ocoonn oar. acoron exa’msee,r ao meo ma wen or cononsresen,uncon or acon’ser rme, anmemene woe caa oerormnuncon oro arme.e meo mae oerormnuncon or acon’.us,eunc con’, ane caa erenmes, on mue execuon ons’ an’ maoeerorme, a a comna unon o or maoruwear mea ane somwaes rm o e.ennee me auurereo. so soware,ure arware, or un or moue mancueunc warememenaon,or exame,e rec or ona reae coeocs or soware comonens,a are .nrecs anoeoeer, so asoerorm aarcuaruncon. econ veoocaramusran an exemar ssemor encon an scosure.s sowcnsnna.ra,een s acscoemrancenc wues so am soeurmceeemvecneaonas oeneresen encoes veoaaoeecoe a aaerme aesnaon eraes an aneesnaonevce mancue an o a evce.e sourceevcencun cou servers, server comuers,eso orao w come vuareres,a oe e ceocmronucers,e svmcaers, ornee.: . amonnes, c seon-sooes,o vxese,o sreaeevsons, cameras,saevces,a meaaers, veo evce aneesnaonamevnceev acree, e oruee we.n w sormeeessm comemmeunnacaonons, ce source n somememenaons,eesnaonevce ma recev aaes. aaoeecoe va an.en mancue ane o comee encoe veo orevce caae o movne encoe veoaar muncaon meum esnaonevce.n one exame,en ome sourceevce oe enaee sourceevceo mancue a communcaon meumo evce n reame. ransme encoe veoaarecoeesnaon communcaon sanar, suce as en ac woreees vs coemomuanaca maonreo mocoo,u aanera anccorno a esnaonevce.e communcaon meum mancue a smeoe communcaon meum, suc as aaoreu n wreess or wre ransmssonnes.e c enc secrum or one or moresca suc ommuncaon meum maormar o aace-ase newor, e c aosm amoucnac aareaon ne mweorum, a m wae-anrceau neew roour, or aoa newor suc asenerne. eumena mae use ers, swces,ase saons, or an oer esnaon uoacae communcaonrome sourceevceoe ouunne sormev acec e oeeor. am soreameeneavcoens,.eu ensecoueen v,eoaa maeransmerom an evce mae accesse eesnao e encoe veoaane sorae evce mancue an o a nevce va annunerace.e sorae suc as aa vare osrue oroca accesseaa sorae mea emorerrve,u-rascs, aersaess s,omacscea-n a sosrae- meas,ora ssor mnemore, en vocoaee o vr neoon-vaoa.ane a meumrorer, or an oer suae evce ma corresono ae server or a exame,e sorae e encoe veoaaene noernermeae soraeevcea mao accesse sore veoaarroamee sorae seouervceceevc vea sr.eamene osrnaowonnoaevnce.e mae ornee.: . sereve ern mcoaee v aneoaea o coomeueesr cnaaaone o sorne encoe veoaa anransmn servere..,or evce.xemare serversncue a we e a wese, aeranserrooco server,eworaceorae aarovuces, an or a saoncaarsarav ceo.nneecoens,nnacounnev ace wre ma accesse encoe veo e - connecon, a wre conn ess cannee.., areess moem, ec., or a comna econe.., auscrerne , cae on ae server.eransmsosnon o ooe enacose su vaeeooar aaccreosmsne en scooraee veoaa sore a sreamnransmsson, aownoaransmss evce mae s sownn.,e sourceevceon,n ocru a comnaon oo. ane ouunerace.e es a veo source, a veo encoer caurnev veo source mancue a source suc as a veo veoeencne,e er.a.,c ae voe reoc ceamveer va, aeo vreoom ar acve conannrevous caure veo, a racs ssemoreneran comuerracs vaeoa a csoneen sourrocev vere,o a,n oro ar c aom comnauer o suc sources.s one exame, e veo sources a v on surveance ssem,e sourceev eo camera o a secur ones or veoon ce aneesnaonevce maorm camera m es.owever,ememenaonsescreneresen acaon aacae aoncaeo veo connenera, an mae aeo wreess anor wre encoeres . c.aeu erenc,oree-c vaeuorea,a or comuer-enerae veo mae encoe e veo vae ouunerace oe maeransmerecoeesnaonevce aernavee sore onoe sor saouerceevceevceor.aere a ecncecsose veeoesanaa monae avsocor or oerevces,orecon anoraac.e ouunerace m e moem anor a aurerncue a saeevceesnr .aanos enm neevr. ucenerancceue msaenncuuen a reerceacveer a,n a vor aeo moeceome arn r,e acnev ae ornee.: . e, o erncoroev vee oonaea s oovreareeevn.e encoe veoaa communcae overen e veo ce, mancue a vare o snax eemensenerae s encoeror use e veoecoernecone veoaa.uc conmamxun eceameonns me maum,e sornecu one a s woraen meeum en,coe veoaaransme on a n somememenaons,ees or sore on ae server. wc cane annerae naonevce mancueesaevce, communcae w eesnasoaneevvccee an. ane exseranaevsceaevsceasaes ceocnoeur veeo aao a user, an mancue an o a vare osaevces s o sa , aasmasa, anranc mnoeuc ass aa,u orrsa e os anoer ornusre va saenoev a erncce so. , seur ane veoecoer ma oerae accornororear sanars. sou c as , , -,ar, , or exensons o suc e e unersooaeresen acaons nomeo a secc veo snacnoarns.ecosenner saan caornem ana meaae ae vceao eencooe orer o veo enconecon e conureo encoe veoaa acco e sourceevce ma mar,s as rno an oese curren oruure sanars. mae conoureeneraoe ccooneem vaeoeaaa acceo vrenoeoco aner o oesee ceusrnaonevce sanars. ren oruure vare oe su vaeoe en ecnocoerer ane veoecoer eac maememene as an o a anarocessors ansor,ecocear conrcurec, succn aes oranee or mrore mcrorocessors, rorammaeaerras s,screeoc, sowar cus s,e comnaonsereo.enm e,arware,rmware or annsruconsore sowaren aem suenaee,a nroan-ranns soorwa cre, an eecroncevce ma sore execueensruconsnarware usn one or moreroomcesusoerrs-reoaaereor mmeuem v aneo ornee.: . enc aonnee vcoeone ocoerearon msasceosencuneenr oenseen or mscoroesu enrec.oac oe veo encoer wc maenerae asar o a comne encoerec ers orecoers, eer o evce. oer n a resecve examen, soem veemo soeumrceena,ones, v aeoea esnc aoearr o o comonens oe sourceevce or asescreeow w reerenceo. r comonensncuene veo encoer o comonens oeesnaonevce , ane ouunerace anor aeas aar or comonensncuene ve or exame,enunerace,e veoecoer anesaevce ma oeraeonecoer asescreeow w reerenceo., soware,aorms, anor a cou comun servce newor wc marove ervceaa, ornrasrucnurraes arusc auree,rv succe asaao.wnar seom ase amervemceenaaaons,, onaeo orrm as a comonensne sourceevce anoreesnaonevce wc are n more cou comun servce newor maeroven one or more ce oncuene more cenevces ma communcae w server nevces, ane one or neworrou a wreess communc comuersne cou comun servce newor, a sor-r aon neworor exame, a ceuar communcaon c ane wreess communcaon newor, or aoa navaon saee ssem coommmmuunnccaaoonn n neewwoorr o orr a a wreow ceormmnuen ccoamomnu nnecwaoorne.., ao nceaw aorea newor emomen, aeas aar o oeraonsescreeren maememene r.n an servcesrove one or more server comuers wc a as cou-ase oe comonens oe sourceevce anore aerememene e aeas aar esnaonevcene cou comun servce neas aar oe comonens oe escreeren maememene e on wor an one or more oer oeraons e cou comun servc e or more cenevces.n somememenaons, eerms suc as “ce newor mae arvae cou, auc cou, or ar cou.nercanea ou,” “cou comun,” “cou-ase” ec.eren mae use soue une as arorae wouearnrome scoe oeresenscosure. comun serrsooaeresenscosures nomeoenmemenene coumemenenv acne n oeweroree osc cromeu anov een.vnrosnemae,ns ceurrerensennowscno osurreev meaoe asonee ornee.: . uure. s aoeca,ramsusuran uo anoec-oacse-a vseeor veo conramewor..memenaons oer encoern accorance w some roc esenscosure.ne encoer,enu veo snas ases sseownocn.oc., cnae co-.n, a uns canse. ue eoncoxer mxaes.eowe veo encoer rome wcaronsocs onase onua- ever,eren un s s noso aao varnocraees,n , one conree uanarernar-ree. ona caracerscsase on s remove,.e.,e s ,e conce o muearon un ene orees ncoon ex ansnranesorm w anema ouorraeo urnns o eeraa,r e,acrec ons.nson aew un maus use a anseranassocr umn unorosrsarone aua-ree sru -eree srucure, one arone cure.en, eacua-reeea noe caneurer . a-nar are an sceemrnaarree srucure. accorance w somememencaoansr oamseursersaenn mscuosu-re.eree. s-n re moesn sowve sn esncunuaernararonn ., vsecve aronn .,orzonanararonn ., verc ercanar ., anorzonaernararonn .. aernararonn erormeor. eacaaverne vceoonoorc “n, sraaraecreonc”o uns anoremorarecon mae coe neornocswc ar esxesrome sames o area orece curren veooc.e caaae rreeercenocne s raemuceess snaae r same veocuresce e veo sna.emorareconaso eunancnerenn comensae reerreo as “nerrecon” or “moon rece currreenc vone”o usoecs r.eceomnsoruracerexcesrome area coe veocuresone veo sna.emorarecon snaoron a reveuncesems uosruaa re sunnaaencn onereen or ornee.: . moer ceu mrroenon ve acnorssemso wrcncaee amoun anerecon o mooneween one reerencecurenexs aa reoenreance s.ens,o w,c muse reerencecures are suore, curene reerence useoenrom wc reerence er saa acure soreeemorarecon sna comes. e encoer coonsesoreemesorarerecocno mn,o ane,norra exnamer meoeecson crcur n omzaon meo.eocrecor ase one rae-soron ane resunre sen suracerome curren veooc uanzaon crcurco.n rees reusausne-cuoarnrezaee re ussnua ceoransorm crcur ane enverseuanzaon crcur annverseransoremecens areennvveerrsseeruaannsozre crcur oorme reconsruce resua, wcsen ae m ocoorme reconsruce sna oe.ur acoerecon eocner, a same aave er,n-ooern , suc as a e ae one recons ose , anor an aaven-ooer ma uer an useo crouceeuuree voreeosocus.noeor remerenec oeucuur ve seoore oecure con moener ornra,recon moenorm sream, resua coecen aon, moonnormaon, anuanze aceo s are a senoe enro con un oeurer comresse a verson oro erxm n oame .ne, a-sere ,oam ac.ners avaaen , as we ase now-curren con ece n aonan-ooer cae seneourermrove cae snce.nn acev neow-ncvuersrena veer,s aonn oaes aoo sa cnaanr,e anoern-ooer na sana ce oenncuenemrove cesre.n-ooer oeraons are oona.erormnese oeraonseso renereone e encoceenrc ano sa vvseu caomuaua.onae com maex aso.eurne o as aecson ornee.: . xes, w seounerer neoceonasnasrea orecons usuaase on unere reconsruce urne on nere reconsrucexeseseer oons are usen con.e uncs e o anco n wocer ma. arnam vueosr caonn a saonca-ase veoecoer wc mae reconsrucon-reae se rs.secoer s smaroe ecoer maee vceoon reecsoenrn as seo ewnnconer. o.n.ee.coeeroc,- anasneco vmneo v coeeocensreeavmes ansrerscoenco-reeaeronuorm aanonn.roeecon oerveuanze rocesserou annv uanze coeceneves areen re erseuanzaon an annverseransorm o oan a ncroansnruecreoereececoonr res,usa co.nureocoreerocror mecansm,memenen an oonomensaon,ase o m eer annrarecon, or a reconsruc necoereconnormaon. se o unere enverseeraxnesso arrme oan aen a surmemcnve u oueu recoennsrucerecon resuarom mecansm erae eocrecor e, r uesn a summer. so consruceoc maurerorou ann-oo er eores vreeonn aeccuruereuuerer w maceu snecnons as a reerencecure sore.e reconsruce uure veooc orve asaevce, as we as useorec oer s.n suaons wereen-oo er surne on, aern uauons.erorme onese reconsrucexesoerve ana reconsruce eo accorance. ws so ameomcearamusran anoer exemar veo encoer n encoer menaonsescreneresen acaon.e veo nrarec mvae coeronrm renersa o ann sanearrreeccvoen coo ren o veoocs wn veorames. veoaa wn aven veorame orcure.nerurcee ocr rveme cooven sa reae rse ounneamncoran ornee.: . rraemecs oorncou reresu oce a o vr reemoo seveueenmcora reunancn veoaa wn aacen veo as snonmsoreer e. soue noeaeerm “rame” mae use s sownnm. “ma,e”e or v “ecou erne”cnee o veo con. reconrocessn un, aec oerncues a veoaa memor, a rocessn un, aua oecureuer , a summer, aransorm rocessn un nzaon un, an an enro encon un.erecon , urerncues a moon esmaon un, a moon comensaon un un aa.rn soonm uenme,m aennnaroansr,eec voneor eoncceossenr un ason,c anue asn annnravoco un, annverseransormrocessn un, erseuanzaon reconsrucon.nn-ooer, suc a an a summer or veooc e summer ane oerocs aoeuocner, maeosoneeween reconsruce veo nareso removeocness aracsrom omonena .noern-ooer, suc asameavese er,ross asoe usenm aeonaoveeeseo er anoraven-ooer , ma eusraeaore cecnnueeroer an ouu oe summer. sou emomensescreeren, ann ,eresen acaons nomeoe oses seeceor sea,e acaon mae aeo a suaon were an com an o auma comonen, a croma comonen an ar croma cromoane cnom acocnoernno moo an o saer o an ceomumoan ceonmaosneen o,nee croma comonen aner asoeusraea ars comonen me seece ose.urer, sou croma comonen a noneeren mae an oeuma comonen,e e an oer oeuman comeorne cnr,omea com cornoemna, c ao smecoonnen com anoneen mre cnoneeren ma an ar comonen menoneeren mae a re roma comonen, croma comonen aner cro mann one oeuma comonen,e ome, an ma comonen.n some exames,en-ooers mae .e veo enecoeceore veooc maerecrove e summeroe eve amon one or m moarea oeeeuorsmra oe axxee o orrrroorraammmmaaeeaarrwwaarree u unns o.r ma ornee.: . e veoe en vcoeoeraa. memeo vreo maaa snoree v veoeoaaaao meem encoe e comonens o exame,rome veo source as sown or mae oane,or reerence veoaaor exame, r n..e s auera sores e veo encoere..,nenerrean ocrenrameresr oerccvuere csoonr us meon eensc.one v veeoaa memor ane maeorme an o a vare o memorevcesoaa exames,e veoaa memor mae on-c w oer .n varous encoer, or o-c reaveoose com comonens oe veo recosn sroowcenssnn un., aarer roencsevenon veoeen vs. aaeonoa va,eoeoarcs.on un wne asoncuearonn a veorameno sces,es saronn ma oerareronnss acco or exame, ses o veoocs, or ree srucure rnoreene sn srucures suc as aua- awo-mensona a arrsasoc oare ma wrx o seam veeos waa. same ve veaoureasm.e ss or mae reare as asoe reerreo as axe or ae. numer amene arra ma or axes oe arr o samesnorzona an vercarecons rame maevae ornoc murueeen ve ae sozeo ancsor a, roerso exuamon oe, usen veoraarme.e veo veooc aans or mae reare as awo-mensona onn.e same vaues, aou o smaerm arra or marx o sames w orzona an vercareconsor axeenss oonea vneoe voceoreamnee. a s nzuem oere o v saemoeoscn. we vc meoaoocrm m aaanurocerse,aror eoxanmeen,oe ornaev oer m uosrenocarons or su-ocs aronn orre-ree aronn or an co aronn,nar-ree noeaeerm “oc” or “veooc” as mnaonereo. soue recanuarsuare or non- suareoron, o us aeraemreen or m aaceu are.oron, rneearrenccuar a exame,o an ,eoc or veooc mae or correson e,or n , a, areconn or aransormn anoo ar moanere oer ornee.: . correrescoonnoo ac corres oorn anransoocrm, e.o.c, aon anroereoc , aonoc , a ereconrocessn un ma seec oneo o a s au-uraoc. con moes, suc as one o aura onrare oosserecve o rnerrecve con moes,ore curren veocovce coasen o mno ererosr o rre osunes oe a.., cuorannaera a onrneerevree ocons cooreon.oceoreec suomnmreorcessone unner marovee resun summero reconsruce encoe ae a resuaoc anoe erec ocor use asar o a reerencerame suseuen. moencaonors,rocaerssnon unnorm aasoonr,o avnes snax eemens, suc as moon vecors,nra- encon oer suc snaxnormaon,oe enro oc,n u e onrnerar.ore sececon anr aocersosnra uennra wrecnvee corenc mooneroocrese curren veo erormnrarecve con oe curren veooc re sn un ma ocsne samerame ase cur aveo one or more neor moon esmaon un renocoe coeorove saarecon.e rocessn un er ane moon comensaon un wnerecon o ormnerrecve con oe curren veooc reaveo one vr meoor eencroeercve maocserno ornme o mru moree re cerenceramesoroveemorarecon.e moeor eaco onasses, e..,o seec an arorae con reconn s moomec eom o r ae cm v urerneo enaa vona es.,oraeme mooenn esmaon un eermnesener sacemen o a veooc eran a moon vecor, wcncaese wn a reerence veorame w, acconrne cuorr aenre veeeormranmee reaaervne wo anre a sceveoc veorames.oon esmaon,erorme e moon e uence o oeneran moon vecors, wc e smaon un,serocess exame, mancaeesacemesnm oae a m voeoonoorc v weono ac csu.rre mno voneo vecraomr,eo orr ornee.: . ecnure co reea wveon aere curcrevneraomc wn a reerencerame reaveoe currenocne seuence asrames orraem.es.ereeenerramne unaern m maaeeesrmnanee v veceoorrames oc vecors,ornra conn a manner smaro s, e.., e moon esmaon un orne eeermnaon o moon vecors un oeermneeo rrecon, or ma uzee moon esmaon reerenceroecc ov ae reoecrencoc er vec rameo e vr.eaosoecem mae or ma corresono aoc or a coenerms oxeerence, e as cose macne veoocoe ,um ouareeren wc maeeermne um osoueerence e v ce , or oererence mercs.n somememenaons, soreeno enecoer. moar ex caamcuae,e vea vueseoo ern scu-neerxeosons o reerencerames xeosons, one-e xeosons, or ooererrac moananexreoaose voanuse os o oen ree-euraerncer rame.ereore,e moon esmaon un maerorm a mo e uxeosons anraconaxeosons on searc reaveoe xerec an ouu a moon vecor wracona recones c mon oo. eonr easmemao cnom unarn caceuaoess ao mno oone ve vcoerooro ac veooeocosn anner recveoc o a reerencerame seecerom ars r on o a secon reerenceramess, eerenceramess or a soren eac o wcenes one or more reerencerames moon comeensaon. une mo aonn esmaon un sense cacuae moon vecoroe oon enoe enro encon un. ecn oren ceormanensaeonr,eecrovremeocasee mo onone co mmoeonnsa veocno un, manvove moon esmaon un.on recevne moon ve reermne e moon comensaon un mao corore curren veooc,en one oe reerenceramess, recraeev aereercevecvoecooc wrocmee moon, v aencororwoanrs ornee.: . xeerecerevneceo vcaueose s suumrmacern.xee s vuamumeser o enorms a resua veooc o moon comensaon un romexe vaueserecveocrove e exeerence vauesormne r oe curren veoocen coe. comonenerences esua veooc mancueuma or croma eeme oro.e moon comensaon un ma asoenerae snax econns asseoc vaeeo wocs oe vee voeoocrasm oe. a vee sonraamxe eeomre unses maen vcueoecoern snax eemensenne moon vecor useoen e,or exame,ncanerecon moe, or an oer snaxn erecveoc, anas e moon esmaon un ane moon ormaonescreeren.oea u areusrae searaeor co comensaon un mae nerae, recvne somocesmn ae mmaennnaero snms,nce areu ona arauros escr uesn. e maenerae vecors anec esmaon un ane moon comen aoven connecon w e moonne samerame ase curren saon un,u w erecveocsen oc vecors as o ocen coe an w e vecorsen reerreo as an oseo moon vecors.narcuar,enra un maeermne mnara- enrecoceo an c muroreneo uosceo u esnnco vear a couursrennraoc.n some exames,enra un enconasses, anes -recon moes, e..,urn searae un m ererormancerou rae-soron anass.ex,enra recon moae seoec us,e am anoneneer vaaero aunsnesrae-monrea-nrecacon moes, an aroraenra-nra un ma cacuae rae-soro or accorn.or exame,e varousesenra n vaues usn a rae-soron anassore rae-soron car-acreersccosn a mmoones, anee seseec moeensr aas-ree acorno mroaeenavrnees moeo use.ae-soron anasseneraeermne a-recon eween an encoeoc an an s an amoun osoronor error encoeoc, as we as arae or.e.,n aa n,u umnenecro oeso ucseao wraos euncceoee enocoroeuceoce. ornee.: . norcaso uneerm mnea w caccuaner raosromesorons an raesore varous encoe eoc. a-recon moe exsees rae-soron vaueor moon cnom oeenrs eaxaomn uens,e,nnra wo uen orn maar, usoeeer moromon esmaon un ane recon accornoememenaon sucunconsornra co, arecv sescreeren.n eer case,ornraoc coe,n eoc mae aocaseeme as cose macneocoe mercs, anermse onxceaone orencee, wrecc mveaoece mearmnnceue cac,, or oererenceneerxe uaon o vauesor su- a eeorsoensr.ecveocsrome samerame accornonrarecon, or oceren suramraec anccorxne vaounese orreecreon,cvee veo encoer maorm a resua veo veoesoucaen coe,orm ocromexe vaues oe curren e r nxeerence vaues.exeerence vauesormn e vnreaoreocc monarnocceusseno unuma m aan cnrroa-mare comc aonenerences. aernaveoener-recone curren veooc, as an comensaon u rorme e moon esmaon un ane moon asescre aonve.n, orarecunarr,aeocnr caorerecocnonroceerssornme une manra un,nrarecon moeo useo encoe a curre eermne an rocessn un ma encoe a noc.oo so,enrarecon urn searae enconasses, a cnurrenenocra usrenc vaornousrocnesrarecon moes, e.., seecon un,n some exames ma see sn un or a moe eesenrar c an aroraenrarecon moeo useromnormaonncaevec oon meo seeesc.eenrna-rarereccono mnoreoceosrsne unoco marove encon un.e enro encon un ma encoeeno e enro seecenra-recon moenesream. rmaonncane ornee.: . veoocer vae ereercnonerrorceesscnon un ornreermneserecveocore curren veooc suracne arecon,e summerorms a resua veoaane recveocrome curren veooc.e resua ransormrocess rnes uunao.c mearanseonrmcureocesns onne u onr morerans ansroveoe aanor r aesuaransorm coecen sormse resua veo o s usn aransorm, suc as ascreeosneransorm e coranncseorumaro scmessarransorm. uanzao n un ma sene resunransorm coecensoe reuceen un rae..eeuuaannzzaaoonn urnocess muaan aszoes reeuransorm coecensourer some or a oe coecens.eeree ou cee e assocae w uanzaonarameer.n som anzaon mae moe ausn a o a marxncuneuanzee exarmanseosr,m ceoeuacnenzas.on uenrnave ma,ee enerorm a scan un maerorm nro encon ransormo cownuanez sacaonn.,e enro encon un enro encoeseuanze on oec,ensonneox a vaeovesrenaamr usnr,m e.e.,onexavearaeen conex-a con ,nax-ase ma ceoa nne ov rre an asnmonareer ernorome e v ecnceoo onn eco meeroo, asoro so oa wrnecnnneurev ..a ,ear o ernc aoon rcennsrreoam soraeevce as sownn.oraerransmssono vene .e enro encon un ma aso or rereva e veoecoer snax eemens enro encoee moon vecors ane oer enversoeruean curzraenon veorameen coe. nverseua un anenverseransormrocessn un a ocnenzxaeonom anannovrerseenerraansnor am raeon, resecve,o reconsruce resua veo s noe aove,e moon comensaoner uennceo mcaorenreeraceo an m oo ooner c vomeoensoaces. ornee.: . mroeocnv coemoecnsaroomn u onne or m maore reerenceocs oerames sorene .e oco cacuae su-neerxe a vsaou aesor on usee orn m mooreonne ersomaaoonn.ersoerecve recvee soucmmreoruce asee m reocononsr cuocmeen rseasouna unocooe moon comensae or soraene .e reerence rouce a reerenceoc moon esmaon un ane mooc maene use enra un,e rec anoer on comensaon un as arecveoconer . vse aoooccn aa sruamseueunsr vaeorame. accorance w some n anoer exemar veoecoer nncue memenaons oeresen acaon.e veoecoer annvesrs ae vueanozaaao mnem unor,, a ann ennverroseraecon un, areconrocessn un, .ereconro nsormrocessn un, a summer, an an cessn un urerncues a moon comensaon un, an rorcaessreenceroan un recr,o acna aonner eanco unnro.cee veoecoer maerorm aecon encoern connec ssescre aove w resecoe veo ener on w ..or exame,e moon comensaon un ma weaeerenrca-orneacaonas uen on mo maon veenceorarse recreevecrome enroecon un, moencaors recevero onaaase onnra-recon n some exames, am une e onroe veecoonec un. memenaons oeresen aca oer maeaseoerorme eresen on.so,n some exames,ememenaons o or exame,sceosnurrea ma unev mea ameroonrm onee orm moerme oenaeo uns oe veoecoer. aone, orn comnaon w oer u ns oeresen acaon, comensaon un, ns oe veoecoer, suc ase moon exames,e veoecoeenrra mrae ncoonn ucnue, aennrae en urnoe acnone ununco.nna som oe ornee.: . snucra as uen moo mna comeeenrsaormone oer comonens oereconrocessn un, oeecoee veoaea o meemr coor u mon mn enas s. ooree v veoeaa, suc as an encoe veosream, veoaa memor mae oa oecoer.e veoaa sorene veo ne,or exame,rome soraeevce,rom aoca or s aocucercsse,n suc assc aa camaeara, va wre or wreess newor communcaon o veoaa, memor mancue ao seoraceu mreeuaee.r., aasar svoere osr enacroes v.eoea vaerooaa encoe veosream.e oe veoecoer sores r m an usenecon veoaa e veoecoe eerence veoaaor moes.e veoaa m re..,nnra ornerrecve con memorevces, s emor ane maeorme an o a vare o ,uca anseo-nreasmscv reanom access me,meor ,ncunncronous o memor ssve , or oeres ece asweovcess.ncor comusornaenves ouroes ve,eoe vecoeoeraan memo.r.u ane are o one sene arae veoaa memor ane ma we aaren e same memorevce or searae memorevc erove memor mae on-c w es.n some exames,e veoaa reaveoos oer comonens oe veoecoer, or o-c a reruesrene c ns veom eeocoone onns.rocess,e veoecoer receves an encoe veosream veoecoer ma reccesv oe ane s enncoaxe ee vmeenosr aamee an v aessocae snax eemens.e oceve.e enroecon un o orameeve anore veo sreamoeneraeuanz e veoecoer enroecoesencaors, an oer snax eemeen cso.eec eennrso, moecoonn vec unors orennra-recon moe vecors ornra-recon moenca orwarse moon rocessn un. ors an oer snax eemensoerecon ornee.: . recveenoces vne oorearmese cso oer aasm aens,nrearecve coe rame orornra coe rocessn un maeneraerec nrarecon un oerecon ase on a snae onaaor a veooc oe curren veorame oe curre nrarecon moe an reerenceaaromrevousecoeocs moon comennra ensem a ve. oneo unrame os coee as anner-recve coe.e., orrame,e recveocs reconrocessn un rouces one or more oer snax eemoern as v receeoveocro omee cu ernrerno veeocoramne uanse one moon vecors an ocs maeroucerom a reerencerame .ac oerecve veoecoer ma cons wn one oe reerenceramess.e consruc ruce reerenceramess,s ans, usneau no sonmecnuesase on reerencerames sorene . escreereen e,xamenersa, we unne v oeoeroeccson coreoce ascscnor unnoroeuncerasr moe ocsore curren veoocase onoc vecors an o ecve rome enroecon un.erec er snax eemens receve oe samecure as veocs mae wn a reconsruce reon e moon comee cnusrren veoocene e veo encoer.normaonor a veooca oon uen curre ann voreoeranmeraa urnsnee meromonnes vecreorsc anon oocers sonraxe e cuemrreenns v, aneooecn useenseecoreec.oonr enormaonorouceerecve uses some oe receve xame,e moon comensaon unne snax eemensoeermne arecon moee..,nra or e..r,re orc,on con usserucoo cnoen vormeoaooncosr o onee o vreorame, annerreconramee rame, moon vecor more oe reerenceramessore rec sor eacnerrecve encoe veooc oerame,nernormaonon saousecoore eaec vneoerocrescnvee c cuorreen v veeooraomce. oerame, an oer ornee.: . a,omeearrm,neeanrae cu urnren v maeo use some oe receve snax eemens, e.., a consruconnormaon oc wasrece usnenra moe, reon a o wc veoocs oerame are wne reconsruce oc one sroaume,en sraorenreecon sa,usoocr e vaceconrsraor eacrencrea veroece veo rame, an oernormaonoecoee veoocsne c oc oe e moon comensaon un ma asoerurren veorame.neroaoners as use e veo en ormneroaon usne cacuaeneroae vau coerurn encon oe veoocso comensaon un maeseorer smu-neneeernexreos oa roenerenecres usoecs.ns case,e moon rome receve snax eemens an usee e veo encoer ocs. neroaonersoroucerecve roveennveersesrueaanm aznao enn urnoecnoveerseuane eznesroeueacnozne urnansor umsn coecens uanzaonarameer cacuae e veo encoer e same rameoeermne aeree ouanz or eac veoocne veo annverseransorm, e.., annverseaon,. anennvveresresenraenserorrmrocessn un aes smarnverseransormrocess,oeransorm coecensanns ororemr, oor r aec coonnscreuua resuaocsnexeoman ce ocorere cuerr meno vone coomensa.on un orenra un eneraeserecve reconsrucsecoe veoococaseor one cuer vreenco vrs aeno oocer s snax eemens,e summer romenverseransormrocessn ummne resuaoc e moon come un an a corresonnrecveocenerae eocner,nsaeon un anenra un.nn-ooer suc as ane ourre,r er anor maeosoneeweene summer er mae ome, anreoceecsosee veceooeo vc meoaoec.renc somero evxamees,ee sunm-mooer ornee.: . woc seores reer.enceereacmoese us veeoor suocsn avenrame areen sorene , e , or a memorevce searaeseromuene moon co,m maen asasoo sno ore neexco vee voeoocos.aerresenaon on asaevce, suc asesaevce o r ocsn eeer cu crorenerom an saa or saenmaorras, m neoonornnormaocon o.e. curren con canaenex or oane exc snan o moon s sece a mere scosuresomrovee a esmaon.eocus oeresenmrovn ccurac oe moon vecorsor ane mere moe eresenesceorsuvrae,one m eexsons o a anen mee mreer meo caneesaens.oacaeeescron o an exameousraeerooseeas ne sanars use as esnne sanars use .ease noeaou e exsn ane moe erson sene ar o moern v aseo ceo exnamecenorooueso,ueeroroesseenecscnoosoure,o a asoe aeo aerenesn o ane moonrecon mo es can w e same o e or oer conoos nr a smacra vesn sr. se orames orcures.aceo craomen marocnescs,u a veeroe see saumencecancues an orere r.s awo-mensona arra ou e arras,enoe,, an croma sames. ma sames. s awo-mensona arra o rame mae monorcsro amweo a-nmeenrseoonrae anrcrau oer croma sames.n oernsances, a sames. s on onewo-mensona arra ouman are s sownn.,e veo encoeror more secca aaron un o arameconrrsoceasrsno unnn oeera vmeeon enoc ao seer oeneraes an encoe reresenaonneer numer o s orere co s. veorame mancue an romooo nsecuven a raser scan orerromeo r an are snaeom.ace veo ensc aoarereson ac sae cuoennce uanram aneer see w, suc ana aee oes ornee.: . sno au veoe s neoueenceaaveerees seanme a szecaeonn osn neo o nece×ssar,×m,×, an×.u sownn., eac mancue one ouma sa eo aarcuar sze.s reeocs o croma sames, an sn mes,wo corresonn con reeocs.e snax e ax eemens useo coee sames oe con oxes an emensescreroeres oerenes o uns o a coeocner ornraowrece von,eon serauernecec canone m roecoe,ns mroucoen v aecoers v,eoecoer,ncun monocromecures orcuresavn an oerarameers.n sne conreeoc an s ree searae cooranes, a mancue a conree nax eemens useo coee sames oe conreeoc.reearonnooc su acc m aea sve ae an nare-erxeroorcma onc sea,mee vs.eo encoer ma recursveerorm or a co reearonn,ernar-reearonn,ua-reearonn s.msenaconereo one conreeocs oe anvee no smaer avn aoc sezen ox..,meox srsvenoour smaers, eacnoours ox oc snze.eeouwro smaers, an are eacvenoours ox oc sze..ecxs auas-re an are eacurerve resu oearonrocess oe ase eaa srucureusrane enree corresonno one o a rese cen., eacea noe oeua- ecen., eac mancuec ave s oze ruamnanromxox.ee ocs o croma sames o aram sames anwo corresonn con sames oe conocs.n moeno ocroeme samceu srzees, o arnc sunreasx eavemnensre uese seoara coee ce anes, a mancue a sne conoc an snax srucures u oor e conoc. soue noeaeua-reearonn seo coee sames o orusraveuroses an one cane snoso aaecen .-s on ase onuaernarnar-reearo o varnoca caracerscs arone aua-ree sru ns.ne mu-eree srucure, one s nar anerna cure an eacua-reeea caneurerarone a es o a conrorece saruvcnure a. ws sow annn ae.,-.e,.,uearee arnrearvearossonne,arorzoonnna ornee.: . anraronanr.onn, vercanararonn,orzonaernararonn, an vercaernar o ano onen o sro mmoerememenaons,e veo encoer maureraron a conoc on wc xs. s a recanuarsuare or non-suareoc o sames sames,woe c saomrreesroencnon,sn oer c orronmraa, sasm aes,e an. sna ox e aemen msa usncue a ouma n monocromecures orcuresavnree sear eoreces. an snax srucures useor ae cooranes, a mancue a sneuma,, anrocsor ece.e veo encoer maeneraerecve e veo encuomear,, m aan usrensra o ereaccon o ore. recveocsor a.e veo encoer us nerreconoeneraee ocs o a,e veo encoer ma esnrareconoeneraeerecve ecoe sames oerame ass eneraeerecveocs oe ase onoeneraeerecv ocae we.e veo encoer usesnerrecon oe ase onecoeeoc sams oe as o, onee o vr meoor eencroameers o mearaenneraeerameer aessoccvaeocs e. e w mores o aer,ee v veeoo en ecnocoerere mnearaesenereraec aveumumaa r,es,u anrocsor one or suracne’srecveumaocsroms ornauma coanocore samene’suma resuaocncaes aerenceew oc suca eac e'srecveumaocs an a correso een auma samen one o oc.mar,e veo encoer maennn samene's ornauma con ore, resecve, suca e erae a resuaoc an ar resuaoc eween a samen o ac samene's resuaocncaes aerence 's orna cone oe'srecve ocs an a corresonn samene erenceeweenoc an eac samene'sr resuaoc mancae ane's orn ar samen one oe'srecverocs an a corresonn same aronnoun ecra omerrm c osoo ere,n aesoc umuas. ,rae, annr r.esu,e veo encoer ma useua-ree , anrransormocs resecv aocs o a no one or moreuma, oc o sames on wce sameeran.sormranss aormeo.cs a r oec aanu marasnucarue oer a norna-nssuoarrme ornee.: . eeomcen os uusemao sarmanseosr,mwoe croarnrsesoromnnocr saanmsormocs o croma sames, an snax w aumaransormoc, aransormoes.us, eac o a mae assocae eumaransormoc asso c, an arransormoc.n some exames, oc.eransormoc mcaaee w a se mae a su-oc oe'suma resua oc mae a su-oc oe'sr reus-uoc oe's resuaoc.erransorm ree searrmae ceo soarane aoc.n monocromecures orcuresavnoranso s, a mancue a sneransormoc an snax srucures use o a oenerem a ve e aeso o u emnacoe coer erans c mor enam aoc. oc oonre ore more.ransormso aumaransormoc mensona arra oransorm coecens.ran coecenoc mae awo- veo encoer ma a one or more sorm coecen mae a scaaruan.e a coecenocore.e vreaonsormso aransormoc o aoenerae rransormoc o aoener encoer ma a one or moreransormso a ereneran a coeaec aenr cooeccee.n., aoucmao croeec. oc or ar coecenoc,e veo encoer mauanezneoec, a coecen uanzaonenera reerso arocessn wcransorm coecenoc. reucee amoun oaa useo reresene coecens areuanzeooss comresson.ere veo encoer ransorm coecens,rovnurer enro encoe snax eeme uanzes a coecenoc,e veo encoer ma veo encoe nsncaneuanzeransorm coecens.or exame,e coecensr maerorm one snax eemensncaneuanzeransorm aorms a. renreasen,aeo vn oeo co enecorearmes m ana a osusocua aesarae,a wmcasn ecueres sa av seeunencee os evce orransmeoeesn sorae er recevn asareaomnevce. maarseesreamo oan snaenerae e veo encoer,e veoecoer ma reconsrucerames oe x eemensromesream.e veoecoer romesream.ero veoaaase aeasnar one snax eemens oane enconroce cess o reconsrucne veoaasenera recrocaoe erormnvsserorme e veo encoer.or exame,e veoecoer ma reconsruc reersseuaransoocrmss as osnocaee co weceneosc os aess coucrraeen w.e vs oeo a ceucorreenr asoo ornee.: . reocronssru ocsee c cuorrennocos c oorreseo cunrrenn sames a onerean ssames oerecveocs curren.er reconsrucne conocsor ea ormocs oes oe reconsrucer c o arame, veoecoer ma moes,.e.,nrsam a- nroe. amee aroevec, voneoor connra- arceecveosn v aeno conmer-rersasmoen ursencornmaorrwo recon.s noea coue reare as eernra-ramereco ner- eweenewo moes,ner-ramerecon conrues n or ar moe.nra-ramereconecause oe use o moreoe con ecencan rom a reerence ve moon vecorsorrecn a curren veooc veooc szeu wooc orrese. er evvnermearovsnn veeo veaoa caaa,urne aemcounnoo o aana m reoruer reene reresenn moon vecorsor a currenrame asoncrea or overcomns caenesoeneromeaca n ses susana.ne wa o oe saa anemoraomansave smar veoo on arou o neornsn moon vecorseweenese neorns are aaorrecnuroseue moonnormaon o saa n aso smar.ereore,sosseo usee aroxmaon oe moonnoeorn s anoremora co-ocae s as an sa caurr aennem.o rmaone.., moon vecor o a curren exorner e ra correaon, wcs aso reerreo as “oonecorrecor ” o eermnenseae o mo enocno esnm,anoon uen v aesoescsrreeam a, aonv aecua moon vecor oe curren moon vecorrecor oe curren s surac n connecon w .,e orouce aoonecorer erome acua moon vecor oe curren neeo encoee moon ve ence ore curren. on so,eres nonoe veosre coreermne e moon esmaon unor eac o arame veosream canam ane amoun oaa useor reresenn moonnormaonne ramerecon oee a ce s orn eocec ossan c o, coecorsenase a.recveocn a reerencerameurnner- ane veoecoeror co a se o rues neeoe aoe oe veo encoer s”or a curren usnnosseruconen aa m coanon vaeceo mro canon vaeceorss aasssoocaneow wn as a s “maeare ornee.: . n meemeorrnromes m anooonr veemcoorr caan coa-eocase as a mso oone curren anen seecn one on so,eres no neeoransme vecorrecorore curren. oe veoecoer an moon vecor canaesserome veo encoer v mecor canaess sucen anorneex v oeoe en secoeceer m aonon vee vcoeroreecoceorr won usee meo samone cuorreonn vec.orrecor wne moon vecor canaesor encon anecone moon comensaeonre mseonuescoasurse asoeurnere enanc.enee coromowa cnon ecenc oeoosa are aeneransorm an enro conro , some reae con era, someecencesne exsnes cessne arere revewe. e souons arerove n o moon comensaon arescusse.na, oon comensa omrovee exsnesn. comensaonn soe oornre ,s co omco ne oennsaerecon , wcs asonown as moon oe moern veo c e mos we use veo conecnuesneeveomen ocswc are con sanars.ne , one veoramesaroneno mue rom oneemoraerecon un .ac srecerom aocne eua sze snc a reerencecure sucae overeaas neeeo snaeocs a se oa mnoo renuacream.ene ars wec ex csonnss v oeo on ceo ornw soanars as,n ea rceerneenrs assocae wnersn a sce onave one reerencecure cecurences.ewo reerencecuress.ne ,e cor s weesn a sce ma use uo roms corresonn resonnnerrecon sames areenerae curenex reonne reerencecure asene e ane reerence ans reere.nceeoc snece reesereencoerzocnuare. an v.er scaowss onaece emxaemneweene currenoc orzona an verca vaues oe.nracce, e were_x an_y aree recsons.en one as oneracon e vaue o one maenracona corresonnrec a vaue,neroaoners are aeoeneraee , suors on sames aracona sameosons, asusraen..ne oreuma ans we un o oesanceeweenwo neornuma sames aveooern oesance owo neorn croma samesore croma. ornee.: . seeceor eacn×eoc anase on, aearevceoono an aecrnv ooc waere one amon erss ×amon saeer ssa ae:ewooraummoan comeron seane asnas seow×nnra am.en-s. are use.e croma comonen on saes aeor ou o ocs. casscaon:oruma comonen, eac ×ocs caeorzeno one ^{vaue o a} c^cas^vses. ^{^^, a}e^s c^oass^owc^sa^:onnexservease onsrecona ^^ an auanze ^_{^ = ^^ ^} recons arer_os c _ca_ac_cu_u %a_ae_{e ^} u_^s _an_{n ^}-_{^ ,r}a_aa_ec_na_sn: _{o^ eorzona, verca anwoaona ^^ =} ^{+&' &'} _{^^ ^ ^^ = ^^ ^^ − ^^ ^^ − − ^^ ^^} o _× mex ooc casscaon, sownn.,e susame-aac _. ^e c a _e aeoreraen cacuaonsn aerecons n cacuaons r en, ^^^maxmum an mnmum vaues. oeraens oor ,^e _, ^c _! ^ons zona an verca ^_{^/01 = ^} ^a _^ ^r _^ ^e _{^ ^^} ^se _^^, ^a _, ^s _^ ^: _{^!, ^ ^^,/,!+2 = ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^, , ^^!} ornee.: . ^se e maxmum an mnmum vaues oeraen owoaonarecons are ^_^-/ ^a ₃₀ ^s _,-1 ^: _{. = ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^/,2- = ^^ ^^} eac e _3,-. ∙^/ ₃ ⁺ _, ² _-. arerue,s seo. e. ^ rome e. ^^ ^^ ∙ ^^ ^^s ^^ seo oerwse ^^s seo s cacuae as: _^^or_s c_ur_rom_era c_uo_am_n ^{=+&'%&' ^^} o_zn_ee_{oe ^^.} eomercransormansonns a oer coecens an cn vaues oraona aneo vreercaern eanc a×re aumaeoco,eeomererc croaensocremnaso ^n^s ^^ s,u ^^c as roaon corresonner cn vaues ^^ ^^, ^^eenn onraen v anoe ss euvaeno aneseransormaon aues cacuaeoreoc. easo maeerenocso wc sose samesneer suor reon.e recona. ae more smar anner rove reeeomercransormaons,ncunaona, verca an roaon are e_ar_oc_na_a:_{: ^^4}: ^ _^^_{^, ^} ^_^^, ₌ ^ _{^^ ^^, ^^, ^^4 ^^, ^^ = ^^ ^^, ^^, oaon: ^^6 ^5^, ^^ =}^ _^ =_{^ ^} ^_^^ ₋ ^^, _^ ^_^^ ₋ − ^_,^ _^ −_{^, ^^6}, ^^ _{^5^, ^} ^_^^, ₌ ^^ _^ =_{^ ^} ^_^^ ₋ ^^, _^ ^_^^ ₋ − ^_,^ _^ −_^ ornee.: . woceareon ^^s,es s azee o ueereer co anrn ^^, ^^ ^^ − are coecens coornaes, suca eransormaons are aeoeer aner cooceaocnen ^^s −,, ^^ a −nos ae ceowner v raues c ^^or ^ner. eenn onraen vaues cacuaeoraoc.e reaon ^, ^^ransormaon aneourraens oeourreco s eweene . ns are summarzeneoownae raen va anues v roanrsanosrmoarmoanon errocess ^{resunn same}e ^vn^aus enaeor a , eac same ^^ ^^, ^^^wne sere, ^^{^7 ^^, ^^ = ^^ ^^, ^^ e ^^′ ^^, ^^ as sowneow,} ^_{^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^} enoeseecoe cnarameers.e varae an areeween − ⁹ an ⁹ we ^^, ^^ enoeseeren. ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^^− ^^, ^^, ^^se c _{* *}reoe rane-,.e cn oeraonnronuncon wc cs vaue o x reucnemac o neo uces non-nearo mae more ecen vaue. r same vauesa areooeren we curren same ornee.: . ocaumnaoonca comuemnsnaon e ev aon comensaon s a conoo wc was sueurn neornecoumreesn., wecarseasse a r oenso avnneareocaumnaon canesa exsemora erveor enancnerecon sames o a m courere wneroec a. scaencaccaor, an an ose are ^{maemaca moee} e cane ^_{^ ^^} ^e _{, ^} ^{oown euaon: were ^^ ^^, ^^} _{^ = ^ ^^ ∙ ^^: ^^ ^^1 , ^^ ^^; ^^ ^^: ^^} c _^o_^1r _,r _^e_^so _^n_^;n_s sc_ean_re ^s a_cc_o ^e o_n ^re r an_oc ^co os_ee_n ⁿ _e ^s ._ra ⁿ _e ^{a o} ._asu_e ^e sr _o ^c a_n ^{urrenoc ae coornae ^^, ^^} es_{e m}e_oonr _vo_ec_ce_oss_r. _^^1s _, s _{^^; ^^ an ^^} e ^{s aeor a veooc, onenear moe.e., sc} ownn _{^^ areerve mnmzne eren} ^{anacor ^^ ane ose} .e.,eemaen. aner corre_cs_eon_ewn_eenre_ec _neon sa_om_rnes _sam.e,_ese _{oe currenoc}n.. emaereconemae anse ccoausee scanacor ane ose areervease one currenoc an reure. onarres, oonnenreacso snn sanea,o nro o snen nao-n overea oe arameerss e moes enaeoreoc o mereneroconcae weer ar o moo r no.or merenerocs,e asreae as a a os corrnesnoonrmnao nne.eocrncao,c weens meesreesss aun ue, ree asnererom e moes aso aeo anen erencences.eanwe, ocsveno m erocs.ene ane moes ae, onener one ane moe.uvene s suucocess ann, w oneen sececss aereveoo orn eeac a sunocase corresonn arameers areervease o eoc,e eo aneounare ne moonnormaon oe suocs on sames oe woeocs o, as seowocnnen,..eueervoeeac moaese aes oo eaceroeuncaorn ornee.: . suasso ac maeeren,erecon sna oeemaes asoenerae one suoc corresnonner seucoocn s oanmeeso o eacemae suoc areenerae usne oe as,s menounneara onee c cournoc. e un-recenero ren esn,e s on acaeo -recon w -evces. oanern ,e we-recon snasenerae averanworecon snas ,eom-rewocone mren reerencecures anor usnwoeren moon vecors.ne ^{oeworecon s}oes exeneeon sme averano aow wee averan ^_^ ⁿ _bi ^a _-p ^s _re ^,. ₌ ^e., _{− ^^ ∗ ^^ ^^ ∗ ^^ −,,,,.} ^ve _{d 3 .} ^{w ∈} a non-mere,_ore we-nexs sn_,ae o _or rom one o neornocsase one merer c aan meraeen,ex.e weonane,xnsnere orow-eacures.e., ae reerence e , or cures areroroe currencurensa wer, a wes are use.erwse,or non-ow-eacureseres aeas one reerence vecras aeeroce cu mrorenon ccomureennsa orer, on wesw ∈,, are use. eascea oee s as cosa o unon seecenuseroom remoev neeeocn arac ae sae. comensaon one currenoc an comnee muoerroeccsoone sronramse moon neorn soeneraeenarecon sna usneserormeoreo aneou oe.or eacner,e coen one su-oc moee.., annare,es oe oorc. ,onea, wens o anse veoocs aennerounares.e.,o,e,oom, an r ounares o eac su-oocer.ormuere on ornee.: . coumsreanessaone.enerocesssa ase aoeoes wou su-oc-eve moonn aonoee ano neors o one o snue- suo-c,ocee..s, oe seu n-eocornn su-ureoc, a areoe r anoom oe curren su-oc are as s snasen,eourrecon o useoerveerecon curren su-oc ocs are averaeoeneraeenarecon sna oe ecca,nsn. eae o cu ursrennxe we sowsaroe,r onee coemmnaae-onas oe mue m socoemn-ecoms aensae. oeses,erecon vaue o ounar sameserv e accornoeemae macn aon aroacseermne or usn neornoc’s moo cnosnso,rnmcauonn a usn currenoc’s moonnormaon on, ns scemeor eacoc s we w one oeenn moes.emae sze eua w a sze o× aeo ounar,e aoveemae szes ensaroe×o.× a sancceeneocs oaveee same moonnormaon,ene aoveeoc w a sze o× aee ounarr,aoene canemearoece sszsee e aua onseom×e. oor eac as sownn r× samesserveourre eoac. ow×noocor×ocsrou,erecon vaue oounar oveeor_aeor eoxce s ame. ases e oeeo era cwu. ornrenoreoc ans aove neornoc rs,reeemae macn coss ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^oc, ^s^ ^^ ^s^ ^^ co,n ^^ ^ucene same manner. eweene reconsruce sames o aemae ans corresonn^ ^^ r ^^eer aernec meeasure rocess accornoeoownreee sameserve ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^s cacuae ac s o moonnormaon: ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^s cacuae acccoorrnnoo’so mveoeonnoorr_ma’so mno.onnormaon. ornee.: . oveeo ^r^_ ^^ ^^ ^’^s moson cancourame accorno weearecaon o’s an omeacon, coose one aaon wo wenacors as an sames c cacuaeena recon resus oounar _{^^ ^^ ^^} ^er ^on^rno^as,os ^res,^u an ^usnos ^cu.^{rrenoc’s moonnormaonsenoe as} e _{^^ ^^}n_,a _anrec_eon re _{resu usn ne ornoc’s moonnormaonsenoe as ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^.} ossus msnemnoume, asen ^^ ^ ^^^ ^ ^^^ ^ ^^^ ^ ^^ ^^^ ^ ^^ ^^^ ^^ ^.^ ^^ ^^, ^^ = ^ ^^ o^ro^us^maoco^ss^{,e numer o}os^enn=^xeo ^rs ^^ ^^ ^^ o^w, ^^ s^se ^^n, ^^.enn moes use. ^^{^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^, = × ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^ .} ^_{^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^} ^{^ ^^, × ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^,} ^_{^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^,^, = = × × ^ ^^^ ^^ ^ ^^^ ^ ^^^ ^ ^^^ ^ ^^, ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^, ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^, = × ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^^ ^^ ^,^, ^ ^^^ ^^ ^ ^^ ^^ ^^^ ^ ^^^ ^^ ^ ^^, ^^ ^} ^o _{^ ^} ^r _{^ ^} ^c _{^ ^^ ^} ^r _^ ^o _^^ ^m _^^ ^a _^^, ^oc ₌ ^s,e _× ⁿ _^ ^u _^ ^m _{^^ ^^ ^^} ^e _^^ ^{r o} _^ ^{ennxe ro} _^, ^wss. os=os,enenn_^ m_,oe _×s _{^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^,} o^{rumaocs,e numer oennx} u^ese ^ro.^wss. ^ _{^^^ ^^ ^ ^^ ^^^ ^ ^^^ ^^ ^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^^ ^^ ^^, = × ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^, ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^,} o _^ ^r _{^ ^} ^c _{^ ^^} ^r _^ ^o _{^ ^} ^m _{^ ^^ ^} ^a _{^^, ^ ^^ ^^} ^o _, ^c ₌ ^s ₌ ^{,e n} _× ^u _× ^m _{^^ ^^ ^ ^^ ^} ^e _{^ ^ ^} ^r _{^^ ^ ^} ^o _{^ ^^,} ^enn _{^^ ^^ ^^ ^} ^x _{^ ^} ^e _^ ^r _^ ^o _^, ^wscoumnss. erwse,enn moe _{^^ ^^ ^^, ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^,} o _^ ^r _{^ ^} ^u _{^ ^} ^m _{^ ^} ^a _{^ ^^ ^^ ^} ^o _{^ ^^} ^c _^^, ^s, ₌ ^{e num} _× ^e _^^ ^r _{^^ ^} ^os use ^ _{^^ ^^} ^en.^{nxe rowss.} ^_{^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^, = × ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^,^, ^ ^^^ ^^ ^ ^^ ^^ ^^^ ^ ^^^ ^^ ^^ ^,^,} ornee.: . ^^o^^r ^^ ^ ^c^ ^^r^^o ^^ ^^m^ ^^^a ^^ ^^,^oc =^{s,e n} ×^um ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^, ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^, ^_{^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^, = ×} ^{er oennxe rowss.} e asee r _^o_{^ ^}e_{^ ^^ ^^}o _^^ e _{^^, ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^,} exsn veo con sana nsuree ecenc oner conn aeemora neorn rs. e ,e veo snaoe coesreceromnces areransme. ssna an aanze oneoere,reecon er craonr, eeecves anne reerencecure reconsruce veo,usmrovneero creaseeua o reerencecures.e rmance oner con rovn -ua comensaerecon.ou canoew coonsooesre can a esn oannece eneannceemen oe reuar moon- oemorarecon s ma noeoo eno r con ecenc,eua eo sna mae coe wu, couareseoeoown reasons arameer vaues.en coarseuanzaons ae,uean reczoansonru,c.ee.,cure muaan cozanon severe con aracs suc asocn aracs, rnn ar an sna oe currencu acs, ec.venae reconsruce reucee eecve ore w ane uerseeo ares rneeerre cnocenor eemceonrarecon, sucsoron cou ou e can ecen comensaeceor suseuencures. erencures, can one aeo umnaon caneseween comnaon o muereco un-receocs.s wenownae cause eua nocs can ecen suresse con nosewcs ereore,-rencozanosneneeruaan mzaoroen comrocreessa exssn moon comensae snas. more-receocsan un-receocss.sons e mecaennsaan uen u-nrereccoonn,a.e.,e cre are u exoe conanae o anno ccor o canoena aceve. enersa aren cooee w exsn esnn ,e s awassaeor ecencvenaere are asooecn. arucacsesan exss suson-mewaeennenrmers oocse coa anre ornee.: . c aoee wo aon o wwoou neeornenoc as,eer.e cuoruermeoreo,e evenore case weree s ocounares owoocsecausee a naocn aracs aone coueeren rameersa are aeoewoocs moon comensn. aons anscoseurree,o mree enoansc aeneevucaes ar oeermooosreaoremcroovee ecenc o rooseo a aaveern aerecon sames o-r n.ecca,s snan overea,eer coecens ar eceocs.o reucee .e.,emae oe currenoc anse corerrevseonronmree necono sranm reecs.onsru succe w sames ener orecon resuass aevae,us reucne ove a,e .rroreerence source nooun rea o resua snan. encoer weneroose aave-r .veseocaram oe veo convenona veo encoe econerns ae.rs, smaroe comensae snas mra,cen mooen c eusrremnaonoc ano co omneenosaconun m-orueeneraese moon -reconne reerencecures usne o econ orwoocs moon comensae sameso mas.en,or-receocs,eoeneraeeere moon comuemnasa ane crreomcao anre samrovese ooee currorenoseo acaveers e orna snas suraceromerecon snao remo .era, roucee corresonn resua s veemora reunanc an resua sna wc areen enro-conae. ane ouranusorom a-nsreauma.nzoa oonan aree a recoensroe sna,e resua snas reconsruce nverseuanz uce e reconsruce resu aon annverseransorm.en, rocesses, e..,e-ocans a,eo ane moo,n ar ceom aenesaeoree rcecoonn.sruurcer,n-ooern ouu.s wescusseaer,eer coecens o e veo snaor er arerecerverome neorn eroose aave-recon ona,n orero maxmzee con raecnon osruecerouomsea a mne coro,m aa samonaes s aneacxo mear. ornee.: . ee srnnaes a a aeveoneo ccurreenveoec..,or mo,on, oreveoncae weereroose . sows aocaram o ceomroeonsseaonec or no. rouce e encoern.. eec oera recevese-sream ecoer.e resua coecens areennveroseeru,aneze- asnreanmvesrsersransarose e enro reconsruce resua.oremorareco rmeo oane e moon comensae n,recon snasrsenerae oannnex.en,or-recoec usoncs,e ssnaaresereromconenosrrmeaamono.ee.e, an reerence aaveerns enaeoreoc or no.e aav rmne weere comensaeuma an croma sna eerns enae,e moon oerwse,e moon comensae csro amrea surnearsro ncoesseere.eenr,ooese mo aoanveern snaeerere or un-ere ane reconsr comensae reconsruce veo.e r uce resua are aeoeeroee en sorene reerenceeconcsurruec seore voeoe mas aae aonnaorooe uroseuoooeerneore sn coeuure veo aa.ve-rencosn seceornn, onaes aea onveemaeren- screemceosn sarmes eer coecens areerveas ooseor-recon were receoc.ec e one-recon sames oeemaeor one- sames arerseneracae a,ccnorenrooosee mo scoenm vee,coers o-ree ccon sames oeemae mean error aorms aeo urrenocen,eas suare erenceeweeneema erveeerarameers mnmzne eroose aaveerne mreeoconas seam onese an-reeecmonae sa smameses o.e.emuaser.aes usraen., ^^ncaeseemae oe curren-receo s an recon sames oeemae, wc ar c ^^₃ an ^^_. aree moon vecors³ ^^³ an^.. eenerae usne-recona _{1 1} ^^ oe currenoc.ase one noaons,neroose ornee.: . s ^uc^n-em^re^e,^coe^na-r^re^ec^co^on^nsr ^oec^eo^en^m sam^aes oeemae arersenerae averanwo ^_{^ = ^^} ^e _∗ ⁿ _^^ ^an _^^ ^,.e., were ^^ an ^_{bi 33 . ∗ ^^.^} enerane-rec₃on s^_. aree wes aeoe an recons wen ae an mae e ames oe currenoc, wc are euao. e s no e resun-recuoan.es, o.,. an. wene s ae.ase on vaues oe coecen eemae,e ervaons useo cacuaee ^{sames ane} s oe aaveer mnmzneerenceeweeneemae ^_{^∗ = ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^} ^r _{^^ ^^} ^-rec _^ ^o _^ ⁿ _^^ ^s _, ^a _^^ ^m ₋ ^e _^ ^s _^^ ^,.e _^ ^. _^ ^, _,* ^{^} ₋ ^{^} ₉ ^× . ^ne ^_{^ 9} ^or _. ⁿ ._n ^re r_ac ^on c ^o e_{, v} ^o aⁿ r^e o_u ^{emaerecon same} _?+ ^{were − B. B.} _{* *} ^, canrove_*erenrae-o _{sers w eren szes an saes mae} maeeemaerecon ssameweseene ceor anroearcormoanceee amn caoem samexes.ua arere exer can oncrease comuaona comex.na,eerveer co ense mo e orna-recon sna oe currenoc as ecens are aeo ^{B. 9.} ornee.: . ^^ =_* ^* ^^ ^^ ^^ − ^^ − ^^ roose aa e an ceran non . se rroose meo-, wc canurer reeucees woroneweeneemae sames anes eecon sames.ecca, w suc mocaon,eer coecenervaonn ^^c _^∗ ^om ₌ ^e _^ ^s _{^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^, ^^ −^ ^^? ^^,} ^_{^ ^^} ^* _{^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ − ^^ − ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^} ^" _{^^ ^^} ^{" su} _? ^m ₊ ^ma _, ^o _^ ⁿ _^. ^o w ^ae ^sere^ress ^oe^o o^ws^ee^rs an^.e., aree non-nearerms wcs reresene ase _{^^ ^^} ^{=, …,- o oneemaerecon same} an oseoenrv oene on oer mwoor-ea examereos, ensancreooesereo ucseon seamneaers m oo onee.-e.,re scacenaoccor. ornee.: . reecccoan,re oneco-nr seamcevse oesemrooasee as w socwns onerae aseorvonws:e sceanenranacore- e ^ose ^_^ ^us =ⁿ _{^^ ·} ^e ^^e _+^ ^m _{. · ^^} ^a D _^ ^e _^+ ^s _, ^a _{^ ^^} ^m _{+^ ^ ·^} ^e _^^ ^s _{? ^^+} ^an _{^^ ·+ , ^^ ^^+} ^e ^^r an D _^ ^c ₋ ^o ^_^ ^rreD ₊ ^s _{. −} ^o _^^ ⁿ _^^D+ ⁿ _{, ^^+ ^^ ·}- ^^r ^^D ₊ ^e _{. ^^} ^c _^^? ^o _+* ⁿ _^^ ^s _{+ ,} ^a _^ ^m _^+ ^{es as} ^^s ^cue^{rrenocsenerae as} - oe ave-re _{^^7?+ ^^, ^^ = ^^ ∙ ^^?+ ^^, ^^ ^^} ncosn seceornn, onaese aa onveem-are un-recona sames un-recon sames oeemaeor onee-conern scemesroose usnewo aaveer oeraons are aeoererceceoc.or exame,ns meo, manner:wo ses oer coecens a on sames oeemaen one unaera an en,e wee averae ore seeawraeerve an aeorecon samesn narecon sames oe currenocoere un-recon samessorme ase .,ase one an s,wo un.-re.cusraeseroose sceme.s sownn en,ase one searae mnmz ons ^^₃ an ^^_. oeemae areenerae. ses oeraram aon oesoronseween ^^₃ an ^^, an ^^_. an ^^,wo as: eers ^^₃ an ^^_. caneerveor an recons searae, asescre

^^₃ ^∗ _/. = ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^, ^^ −^ ^^_F2 ^. ^^^* ornee.: . 3^/ em ae same oe currenoc reresense un-recons oeemae se ase one eer or o_F2e₊ currenoc.era,ewoers are aaemoew-o^r u^en-^cr^oeⁿc ^oon^es ^c o^urreeⁿ cur^ore^cn^soc searae, wc areen comneoeneraeena were _{^^7?+ ^^, ^^ =} ^as _{^^3 ∗ ^^73 ^^, ^^ ^^. ∗ ^^7. ^^, ^^ ^^ ^^} ^B _* ^{. 9.} _{^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ − ^^ −} eo cmoerroe cvee ense. con sucan m,o oseca anon, none-neerar coeermcs ceanns aerenerrovuece, as wenervneer ^^_3/. = ^^ ^^, ^^ −^ ^^ ^^, ^^^* ornee.: . ∗ as ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ − ^^ − ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^^" ^^^" anec osceao, onerve onewo-aero enanceewo un-recons o one-receoc. un-r e-recve sroose wcs oerae asoows:eneranewoemaeec samonse os aneeme^%r caoerresoenrvnn une-rweo sceosn o sa smcanes^% aascors ane oses usne ^_^ ^{^^ · ^^ ^^ ^^ · ^^ ^^ ^^- −% ^^ ^^ ^^ · ^^ ^^ ^^} un-rec on, an or _. an_. aree scanacor ane ose oe near moeor ornee.: . un--^rere^cc^ooⁿn ^o ^^ ?^es ^cue^rr n^eumer oemae samesnvoveneervaon.era,ena ^_^7 w_{+ ^^}e_,r _^e_^ ^ ₌ ⁿ ^ _^ a_^ ^{ocsenerae as} n_{3 ∗ ^^3 ∙ ^^3 ^^, ^^ ^^3 ^^. ∗ ^^. ∙ ^^3 ^^, ^^ ^^.} ave-recon₃ern ^^_. aarsee reecursve w ue aeoe currenoc. s mnas oeenma.e a,ree sceauasreaeeererv ceoen ,c- ee renr ssec unaon aare- aern receono senawo o un-ereemcaone ca noe oma.e.,e wee comnaon oewoere un-recon snas wen coonrrseseorne mnmzaon oesoroneweeneemae sames aner ervene onmraeceorn co seamceens.s ao reseovoe suecssue, oneerave scemesrooseo on wo un-recon snas oeemaeor aee-receoc.eroose scemes conucen oneerave manner wc oerrnarve omzeereconeror onereconrecon weeene onene er coeecceonnsreconxe.ecca,eervaonroceure oewo un-recon co es sum:mavrezne aseo saorwns:reconrecon ^^³ ,e r^ee^cce^onⁿs ^^₉ ^anor^ee sarnreconrecon esorrveoneewneenas un- ^_{^ =} ^em _^ ^{ae^ ^^,} _{^ ^^ −^ ^^ ^^} * _{^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^} ornee.: . _{^^93n se =} ^e .^{:ase oneer coecens ^^93 , cacuaeeere un-recon} e = _{^^+,- ∗ ^^9"+,.-} mⁿ e: ^" ^^ ^_^9"+ ^m ₌ ^znesoro _^ ⁿ _^" ^e _^ ^w _^, ^e _^ ^e _^ ⁿ ₋ ^s _{^ ^} ^u _^9 ⁿ _"- _{^^, ^} ^{9+ ane .e.,} _{^^9"+ as} ^, ^_^ ^{" B} _* ^{. 9*.} _^^ ^" _{^^ ^^ ^^ ^^} ornee.: . recons oee cu rersreunnoce arns aree usee arseer corresonnersa are aeowo un- ena-recon oe econ sames areen comneoenerae non-near currenocs as sownn an .mar,e ose an reconemerse arsv saoownn scneme. anona can,n as oone oer a moree exanmeesrooseerave- enear moe.e., scanacor an oseo ,srooseo use erervaon sceme erve onewo-aererooseerave ses o scanacors an:ee onersaesnaseew ono une-erreavceo anso orme aesm soawenervnewo cacuanena-recon sames oe currenoc a romeoe nracce,eren numer oeraons mae aes soowenn. ervaon sceme.nenera, moreer aoveeraveer ansrecon s aons weao smaersoroneweeneemae comuaona comenxa..en.,eeeor coownn,anere wn mceoowsev areer croomes ae exense o more oeraonsas aeneroose aorm. oseoecee numer xe numer oeraons.e n one meo,srooseo use oneovee encoerere.e,om aoo se eneccoere an sececoce nru.mnere s oeconera moenso a,sroose corresonn vaueoecoer.en suc meos ae n snae aen seuencearameer se , , new snax eemens mae or even conoceveoncaee vcauuree oaramee aer seeera,onsc.unreeeaerr, s meceoe,aers, rso soasescos. a e.a., svaemee vearrmanoen, meo vaoune v oeeraonsas aeo oneoc accorno srooseo useeerenceeweenceo orrnearence a ann exrrae.nc oonne o sarm morees e oxa omes, receoc ase crerono seece numer oeraons ne- eerence.e., sum asouee as ae.ornsance, wen marceseweeneworecon sraemnceessa,r seurm sanua orneeresereonc,earer n aunm oer oer ornee.: . smeraaeorn nsums aer oeeroaeoc oerwse.e.eerences smaeranereso, eroose scemee.asons n onus e n a moeoee. ,eas,sroereonnareconrecon cane aen reconneroose seo awas use asenarecon reco meo.n anoer meo,srooseo use asena ase onner secceon.en,reecron m serucou,re ansroo oseeo seecenareconrecon or exame, can use asenareconrecon socre nona-owe- ceurarencuorces aeonso. asmennaaon oreconre n use o conoroweacures. ne asa seve moon comensaeern ane comensaeern mecoon, moeeos arerorovceess.oe accae,nro somosee e aave moon esee moon vecors o neornocs xame meos, o eac neo ,srooseo aso consere arameers conucnernocroceoss os corere csurornenno mco.ono comensaerecon sames wen reuarnerrecon wou su-ocarons use aascea exeameeeoscrusorna,eneeroeoow, _{meo.or exame,e ^^ ^^, ^^enoeseener} se aer comnn _{G?/H econ same a coornae ^^, ^^ e s os sa}e_are _necon_or s_{s. ^}n_^a o _{^^, ^^}e c_eu_nrr_oen_ese w_rec mu_onerecon snaase on e _{curren ^^ ^^, ^^ an ^^HF: ^^, ^^enoeerecon sam samese a a ceoo sramneae ^^, ^^ o} e curren u_IG u_Jsnes_KL o_Iee an r ne _{oson o} ^{emomens, as sown} ors oe, resecve.n some _{^^IGJ ^^, ^^ an ^^KL ^^, ^^} ⁿ _. ^{euaon , ^^G?/H ^^, ^^ maee wee averae o ^^HF: ^^, ^^,} _{^^ ^^I ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^} comensaeerns aeoe currenoc ans saao ane neors ane ornee.: . ^a _^e_^HF: ^e ne_ore ^er or _c ^s _u ^a n_r ^r _r ^e _en ^one _o ^a _{c, ^^I} ^e _G ^r _{J a} ^. _n ^e., _^ ^o _^ ⁿ _IG ^e _J ^sc _o ^a _r ⁿ _e ^a _o ^co _n ^r _e ^{an o} _or ^s _n ^{e w} _{oc an} ^er _^^ ^co _KL ^e _{I a} ^c _n ^en _^^ ^s _KL ^{^^HF} _o ^: _r ^an _e eo ^ac^s.eroose scemersenera _I o^{c asusra} eserecon sames oe curren were ^^ _{^^HF: ^^, ^^} ^^ _{= ^^HF: ∙ ^^G:MHF: ^^, ^^ ^^} s moon v cur ecor e nerenorn woce o uea ceurr uesnnocessrs o cseo ane causa neors.rs,eo aner coecens.e., ^^ an ^^ we acssen.eoeeoc currse onneoncerooce,ss r^{econ sna ^^IGJ ^^,} _^ ^{^} _^ ^{^} _IGJ ^a _{IG ^} ^c _{J ^,} ^o _^^ ^oc ₌ ^a _^ ^e _{IGJ ^IGJ} ^o _∙ ^s neraee ^_^G ^o _:M ⁿ _IG ^o _{J ^^} ^e _{, ^^} ^curre _^ ⁿ _^ ^{oc as.} e moon were ^^ ^^ roceures veocor o ^{ane ara}o^mw^ee^erso ^oeneraee corresonnrecon samesase one moon vecor ^_^ ^e _^^, ^e _^^ ⁿ ₌ ^e _^^ ^or _∙ ⁿ _^^G:M ^ocs _^ ^as were ^^^G:M _KLI ^^ _{KLI KLI^, ^^ ^^KLI} e moon vecor oee_KLI ne, ^^ aorrene oorcnarecon sames oe currenoc usn recon snas are comne accorno weemouaee-aseern aee.nnna,roceesree usrae one se ccurorn “overaeoc moon c sas sames omensaon”oeneraeenarecon an ,eee ronn oseo e ccu mr.roenoocs coe w one su-oc moee.., ane,nerna oe su-ocsnn-scomeeens caurerener.neacseca, we can asoe aeoe e sameernrocesses asusraen euaons o canne s auc seceomeense araeee, ornee.: . c noerresoornnn su-reoccso.no swameveres o eac su-oc usnso,e,oom an r eer coecens oe curren,nse wa oe aewas aarameeerosr oeer seacao nne samoerneocs, oenerna roces rvaon rooseen orero acs.eveeren comexerormanceraeo,wo meos are meo,srerno woseeno oenro aose meooenr cnomaesnesaeeronerecosn a samee.s on one ounaresu noerecon sames oe su-ocsnse ne .n suc case,orenerna , one n e .e.,enerna neornocs o eac su-oc a eorn moon vecors oe n anoer re consereoeneraes recaon sames. e ou mnearoes, ass wero aosseeor aecone samerens aoansee su-ooceorecon sames on ocsnsee unares oe su- w a usernerac.. e so.ws ae comun envronmenor a comunevce coue server.n some emomens,e c coommuunn enevvrocenmen cane cranorear o aaarocessn rocessessuc as encon m an o varous meos or a econ meos orrocesses asescreereneoren mcacornacnucee w aro vcaerssoours exam, aes oeresenscosure.e comun envronmen erocessor memorca, a cnon arnosnerace . envronmen , suc ase overa oeraons oe comun communcaons, anmaeroce ossenra.onse asrsooccesasoer w maencsa,aa acuson,aao execuensruconsoerorm a or some oe sesneu aeo ovnee- oersc mroreer moceesosorss oreover,erocessor mancue one or more m . eweenerocessor an o ouesaacaeeneracon n , a mcrorocessor, a sneer c com monacenns.e, aero,c oesrsore mae.e aenrarocessn ornee.: . oeraon oe coem meumnor envronmse cnonur.eemoo srore var moausnes oaao suore .xames o sucaancuensr cuereeermne soware comun env uconsor an acaons or meos oerae onememenero unsmnen an,e v oe vooaaaese ors, nomn-avoeaaea, m eemc.oreev mceems,or o mae ereo, suc as a sac ranom access me r a comnaon rea-on memor mor , an eecrca erasaerorammae rorammae rea-on memor, an erasa, ae rearo-oranmm maemeor rea-on, m ae mmaornec memo, a as memor, a manec o r, a ereraneracee monerr oacecas.roves anneraceeweenerocessor an mancueu are noumes,e suco, a as aomeeouaron,, a a c scar w scaene,uuono,ns, anee.euons nerace cane coue w an encoe an a so scanuon.e sorae meumn co amn ermsno ameunra,e ores asor arnoveeco aer. non-ransor comuer-reaae erocess rorams,or exame,ne memor , execuae meos anoorr sornn ae csormeamunene ernaveronmene enco,onre mreormonese aove-escre sreamoeecoe eecon meoescre ao cre aove or a rorams mae execue eroc ve.n one exame,eura o or exame,rome veo encoeressnor.n ae csormeamu onra enav srroenammenncuno e rnecceve veonormaonor exame, veoocs reresenn en oe assocae one or more snax e coe veorames, anor e comun envronmenemoenesr, eorcm., ane mecao anso mee exoecueescree aorovcee assor n e recevesream oraa sream.n anoer ex ccorno execue erocessor ne co ame,eura ororams mae meoescre aoveo encoe veomnourmna eonnvroonrm exename, voeoeroorcms ree erensceonnn ornee.: . v aneo marames, anor assocae one or more snax eemens, ec.no asream oraa sream, esre aamso ore eaxaec sureeamore exraomcesseo,roe vneoe ceocmoeun envronmen oransm non-ransor comuer-reaae so rn..ernave,e sream c rae meum maave soreeren asream or aaa veoraommesr,s anno ern acsosoeca vee oonen oorrm maonor exame, veoocs reresenn encoe exame,e veo encoern.ore u ssnna,xo ere emxeanms ee,c.ee ennecroaen me ano encoeseror aoveor use aecoeror exame,e veoecoern cre e non-ransor comuer-reaae so .necon veoaa. ccesse.mor , rae meum mae,or exame, a , aanom oree a- , a manecae, ao sc, an ocaaa soraeevce escre aoven o arn a emosremamen,oeereescoroeve aeserceoamnen meeraeoesce encon meo emomen,eresrove asream comrs re aove.n an encon meoescre a n encoe veonormaonenerae e meoescre ove or encoe veonormaonoeecoe eecon rocessorsorn ex a a anm eomve. e,oemerno,ces asorove a comunevce comrsn one or more me essor ane non-ransor comuer-reaae sorae or muomre orrocees msoerms,or werenaven on seo orre moreeren aura ororams execuae e one rorams, are co rocessors, uon execuon oeura o nn anu eremoomereonrme aove-escre meos. nsruconsor sorae orransm,ssoerne os a asosrreoavme com a crosmnu eenrcroramroucavn enerae e encon meoescre aove oe veonormaon eecon meoescre a or encoe veonormaonoeecoe a comuerroramrouc comrsn aoveu.ran a on ermoroamms,eno,r exaemrees,n asoe mroevmoer ornee.: . aove,- exeesccuraee meoesrocessor ne comun envronmen ,orerormneransor comuer-.or exame,e comuerroramrouc mancuee non- n areaae sorae meum. or more s,n esm,omaen,nae coromcesusnn enevvrcoensmens, mraorememene w one s, s, s, conroers, mcro-conroers, mcrorocessoarms,m oar oeeor ececevrocnes comonens,oreror c n an emmne aove meos. c omen,eres asorove a meo o sorn asream, eonmcoresn v seoornnormeaonsreeanmer on aa sorae meum, werenesream comrsesnormaono ae e encon meoescre aove or encoe veo ne anec eome eecon meoescre aove. enerae e encoeroesmcrene, aeoreve.s ans aon emrovoeme an meoorransmn asream recevn asreamoee ,eres asorove a meoor .s acoowecaruesreaconer aescre aove. exame oeresenscosure.e meo ma meemoemoern veeooreceoconn a acncornenr co an oc.ne ,erocessor , ae se o aecoer, ma o on ocase on a currenneroc an a c an arsrecon ,erocessor ma oan a secuornrenr meocoonn vecoocr oasee c ounrrene cnueroc.ne an a neorn moon vecor o a neorn rrenneroc erocessor ma oan oc oe currenneroc.ne , reconoc or aerereconoc an aero one oers n e seconreconoc.ne ,erocessor ma oan a oac orrece soenconocase oneerereconoc ane oer oersrecon n somree excamonoc. ersreconoc, an oes,anenereenarerceocnonocosc oaasene on aeenreerecerono ornee.: . seocconncreuecs:o onaonnenareconocase oneerereconoc ane ecoer, arsn ne somce. or enxamreesc,oenoecrsas oeane oown ses: oann, e erocessor oeecoer, arsema oen oe ceu crruernrennenre cro connoc oann, ersemaencues aura ors rec oc, werenner co onsruce sames neornoe a curren oeecnoero,c arsaeme cuarreenrenecronoc os assocae w oann, erocessor oeecoer,eerase onerseemrsaeemreaceo ann an oaennrs,emeaer.ocessor rsemaennc suomese: e oxamannes, c ooeancneeerase onersemaerecon ane rsemaer ns oeer mnmznerenceseweene ne socmoen e axnamees,rseemereae. e seconrecono reconocs oane aneero rec c, an oannenareconocase oneere oc anoneocrsncues: oannenareconocase oneererecon n sormeec exonoc. rocessor oeecoamer,e as, secoeneemrsa oe oanee neooorwnn ses: oann, eemaencues aura o secon reconsruce sames neornoco, w a ceorenneo sceconaeme neaeorerncoonc os aess soeccoae w oann,erocessor oeecoer, a secon eerase one seconenmeameareec anon o ananne s,econeerocessor oeecoer, n some exames, oanneerase one smae. e seconemaencues econemaerecon an eweene seconemae:re ocaonnn an coee secceonns oemaee.er mnmzn erences ornee.: . one oersnre somceo enxamoces o,r oea snecnonereerereconoc aneero reconoc an ar conocncues: oann arsere reconoc sero one oersreconoc ore secon ane oer o weerersn oreancnoneocna orreec seocnonocreasceo onneerereconoc seconerereconoc an a s ocncues: oann a ore seconrec econeroe oer oersreconoc reconoc onoc an oannenareconocase onersere n a snomee e sxeaconerereconoc. rocessor oeecomer, aes,rseemrsaee orse o cuarrneennerooowcn, ses: oann, encues aura ors reconsru werenersemaenerocs ce sames neorno a conocae curren recon o aessorcsaeem wae o ana onnan,n,ereocersoscoersso oeecoer, arsemae ase onersemaerecon a r oeecoer,erser oown ses: o nersemae an,e seconers oane neornoc, wanerne,ne seecornocesesmoraenc ouese aecouraer, a seconemae oe sames neorno a cono o secon reconsruce erocessor cae neornocs assocae w oann, oann, ero ocessoerecoe or, ae seceocnoere,mea seecorneceon oe seconemae an recon ane seconema rase one seconemae anersemn saomeen ecxuames:e os,e o. anannn coeecernserase onersemaerecon eweenersemaere s oerser mnmznerences one seconemaerecocno ann ane seeconrseemmaaeen acnu oes:a onne seconerase seconer mnmzn erencese ann coecens oeemae.. weene seconemaerecon ane secon ornee.: . oc. n some exames,e neornocs ono o oreoe currenner oc an a nen soomrne ex maomones v,e ocoarn on a nee secoornnreocc ooneocase one currenner oann aoreconocase one currenneroc an a cu nrerenonrenr mocoonnc vueces: o a neornoc ono oe currenneroc an oa or one currenneroc an a n nn aereconocaseneroc. eorn moon vecor o a neornoceoe curren oesenesc ooneer o,n a so cmoen exam unesn,oe meourerncuesaronn, erocessor rere aura o su-ocs werene currenneroc oc ane nne soemeu or erxa nam o moes, su o o- n vaecnoc ons. r oe seeco nnereorcnonococ oase one currennerncues:n resonseoae cur e currenneroc un, oanne seconreconrenocneraseoc onsne a curoruenar reon oe curren con moon vecor oe neorno nneroc ane neorn n some exames,ec oernec currenneroc. .s aowcarusraune as c moeeocenosr o v ae soca enncoanco arc acnor ann oose. exame oeresenscosure.e meo maeme an oc.ne ,erocess meneor encon anner con ocase on a currenneroocr an a, a curreen s meo oon an encoer, ma oan arsrecon ,erocessor ma oan a seconrecon vecoocr oasee c ounrrene cnuerrrenocn.ene an a neorn moon vecor o a neornoc oe roc erocessor ma oan ae currenneroc.ne , reconoc ore seconrecreonreocc.onneoc a,enroc aessorero on mea o oeanrs a ornee.: . noac orrece soenconocreasce oneerereconoc ane oer oersrecon ersrecnon somoec ex,a amon n oeso,c ane. nereenarerceocnocs oane aneero oconncreuecs:o oanne onocase oneererecon sec nareconocase oneerereconoc ane encoer, arsnn ne soomce. or enxamreesc,eers oane oown ses: oann, e erocessor oe encoeorn, aorcseamsea oen oe ceu crruernrener conoc oann, ersemaencues aura ors reconsruce samens nneer coornnooce, a w cuerrreenner conocae currennerocs assocae w n oe encoer, arsemaer oann, erocessor oe encoer,eerasee ocnone orseemrsaeemreaceo ann an oaennrs, erocessor n some exames, oanneerase one emae. rsemaencues: oann c rsemaerecon ane rsemaer oecens oeer mnmznerenceseweene ne socmoen e axnamees,rseemae. e seconreco erereconocs oane aneero re noc, an oannenareconocase oneere occ anoneocrsncues: oannenareconocase oneererecon n sormeec exoanoc. rocessor oe encomer,e as, secoeneemrsa oe oanee neooorwnn soces: oann, eemaencues aura o secon , werene secon e ne reconsruce sames neorno a conocaemaeorerncoonc os aess soeccoanee wma oann,erocessor oe encoer, a secon eerase one seconemaereec anon o ananne s,econeemroceaseso.r oe encoer, ornee.: . e seconemn saomeen ecxaumes:es o, oanneerase one seconemaerecon an eweene seco ann coecens oeer mnmzn erences nn someem exaerecon ane seconemae. one oersreconamoces o,r oea snecnonereecreonreocconncuoecs: o aannn aeero reconoc an arsero one oersrecono rsere reconoc weren oannenarecono c ore secon ane oer oersrecono case oneerereconoc secone c ore seconreconocncues: oann a ore seconrerereccoonnoocc an a oannn a seceonnaererocoen oeorc oersreconoc reconoc ane seconerereco ase onersere rocessor on some een ecxoamer, aes,rseemrsaee ornse oocan.e oown ses: oann, encues aura o currenneroc, werenersemaenerocs assocaers w reco onsaruncne, samees nroecessoorrno o a conocae curren recon oersemae an oan e encoer, arsemae ase oners n, erocessor oe encoer,erser oown ses: oemanane,receonr aoncessoerrsem oaee a ennco,eer, se aconers oane neornoc, werene seconema seconemae oe sames neo encues aura o secon reconsruce erocessorrn oo a ceo enncoeor,c a seacone neemaorenreoccons a ossocae w oann, oann, erocessor oe encoe e seconemae an recon ane s r,e seconerase one seconemae ersemane soe nmc ceon u exeasmem : oesa a oe. nnan cnerserase onersemaerecon an eweenersemaerecon anoeecersnse omaee arns oearnn mnem seczonneerrenascees ornee.: . o sencone secoenremaerecon ane seconemaencues: oann coecens oeemae. mnmzn erenceseweene seconemaerecon ane secon oc. n some exames,e neornocs ono o oreoe currenner oc an a nen soomrne ex maomones v,e ocoarn on a nee secoornnreoconocase one currenner oann aorecono c oe currennerocncues: o a neornoc onoc oaese cur orennen ceurrreoncn aenr ooc an a neorn moon vecor onnere coucrre.nneroc an a neorn moon vecor o a naenno arneroecceonooec curarseen oe encoer,n a so cmoen exam unesn,oe meourerncuesaronn, erocessor reresens one o aura o su-ocs werene currenneroc n soemeu erxaam oes, su-ocs. oc ane neorn moo on vaecnonr oe seeco nnereorcnonococ oasee c one currennerncues:n resonseoae curr urrenneroc un ennerocsn aounar reon oe curren con mo,o on vaecnonr oee se nceonorrencoonco ocease one currenneroc ane neorn n some exames,eernc cuurreesnneroc. n some ex coecens o a scanacor an an ose.ncues arocessor a amne as m,emeroersrov coen anu aarausor veo con.e aaraus rocessor wereerocessor, uon execuon oernesruoc soornensrucons execuae e meo asusraen .-. s,s conureoerorm an sorae meumn, soamven onesrru ecxamonse ss,oreereesrenro.veen a neonn-sraruncsoorns c aorem exueecru reeaae a ornee.: . ro-ces.sonr one e,xamenes,rucons causeerocessoroerorm an meo asusraen . comun envronmeneuora rece overoorra emxasm mae,reom execue veeo enecoreocessor ne sream oraa sreamncun encoe veonormao rn. a reresenn encoe veorames nor exame, veoocs asoe execue erocesso,r anor anssocea ceom onue onr m eonrev sronnmax eemens, ec., an ma econ meoescre aove accornoe rec en oerorme exame,eura or evesream oraa sream.n anoer envronmen oerormoraem esnc moane m eexeocueescree aroovceessoo erncoe vneoe comun or exame, veoocs reresenn veorame normaon eemens, ec. s, anor assocae one or more snax e comun ennvor aonmsenream oroaraan ssrmeam,e ans mraeam as oorae eaxecue erocessor n ecoern..ernave,e no sreamor exame,oe veo ave so n-ransor comuer-reaae sorae meum ma veoroecs reerernes aennsre eanmco ore a vaae soreramncun encoe veonormaonor exame, ec.enerae an encoeror exame,amees v, aeno eonrc aosseorcaen one. or more snax eemens e encon meoescre aoveor use a usn,or exame, . necon veoaa.e n ecoeror exame,e veoecoern or exame, a , aanomccesson-ermanosror com,u aer-r-eaa,e a s moraanee mceauem, a mae, sc, an ocaaa soraeev o eescron oce oreeree. usraon senscosureaseenreseneoruroses o mocaon asn, vasra noonsn, aenne aeornaeve exmausemveen oaronmeoeresenscosure.an sne aravneene oeeacn s we aarenoose o ornar assocaerawns. sreseneneoreonescrons ane ornee.: . eresensconsuerses ss oecncanen seaeo oeerwuse, an orer o ses oe meo accorno eresenscosure are nomeoe orers sraecvec,a aneesc srees o aovee, meu moa acceo cranno accornoracca conons.n aon, aeas one oe se e eresenscosure mae ause, co s oe meo accorno e exame mne oreee accornoracca reuremens. s s were cosen anescren orero exanernces oemceomsuernea anonso an enaoees o uersze see unneren arrno unersanescosureor varous varous mocaons as ces an varousmemenaons w u are sueoearcuar use conemae.ereore,soemneersmoeonaoansesc scoosee o aneas mcoosurecaso nnos ano oeemrmeoe secc exames oencue wne scoe oeresens emenaons areneneoe more crcures,e w acoven mceueo as macaec onmosu seerem.ene usn an aarausancues one or rocessors s, a snaroc ccnerae crcus s, a sna s,erorammaeae arrasessns,e cvocnersoers, mscr,o-croonrraommeras, mecrocevces or oer eecronc comonens.e aar orocessors, oerarware o aus ma usee crcuresn comnaon we su-moue, unr, s oor swua-ruen comsconoesnes aoroveerormne aoveescre meos.ac moue, or more crcures. maememene aeasara usne one conseraon oeer s execamcaeso on anerasccocseu ore wesec aosuarreenoose sene arromneneo cover an varaons, scoseere.s acaons rncesereo anncun suc usees,a orru aresaroamonse oreseenssccoossuurreoowneenera or cusomarraccene ar.snen e as come wnnown exemar on. eae seccaon an examese consere as ornee.: . escre aove a wneus arareecaneaeresenscosures nomeoe exac exames canes cane mae wouearen accorommane sncoerawenreos,. ana varous mocaons an

Claims

ornee.: . : o.a mnen,oo ar vecoeoerecon, comrsn: curren moon , arsreconocase on a currenneroc an a a ne oorannn ve mo,cor o on veecee ocro cu oerr are,n n ae senceor ono rrceconocase one currenneroc an oann, eecoer, aerenreocco onoec curre annenroc rsreconoc or aero one oe oann, ee seconreconoc an ane oer oersreecocero,n anoac orrece soenconocreasceo onnoec.erereconoc eer.oee mersore oc caomn,o wc,e arnen oeannereerenacorenocs oane an ererecono conocase one rec oonanocn.ecna comrercseso:nocase oneerereconoc ane secon o.anen me,o oe ceacomer,, w aerrsenemeaers oane oown ses:emae comrses aura ors e oe currenneroc, wereners e currennerocs a reconsruce sames neorno a conoca oann, esescoocear,e a wrsemaerecon oersemae anema oe.ann, eecoer,eerase onersemaerecon aners ornee.: .emae.reec meono an o ceamrs,e wmeraeen oann, eecoer,eerase oners oann coecens oee comrses: recon anersemae. r mnmznerenceseweenersemae eer.oee m seecoon ore cacm, wereneerereconocs oane an erereconoc comronseoc, an oannenareconocase one rec oonanocn.enarecso:nocase oneerereconoc aners o.anen me,o oe ceacome, wereneers oane oown ses: seconemae comrsesr, a seconemae oe neornoc, werene ocae neor aura o secon reconsruce sames neorno a con o oaannnn,, en eeeccooc oeerr,s , a a ss eescoocnae eream w sea oneree seccoonn oemea seeconreecmoae an seconemae. n ane secone.mea meereoc oo cna am, weren oann, eecoer,eerase one oan ne seconemae comrses: emaerecno cnoe anceen sse oconeemerae. mnmznerenceseweene secon ero o.ne oe meeors or ceacmon, woecre onr oea sencnonereecreonreocc coonmrocses: ane ornee.: . rec oann arserereconoc an arsero one oers oer o won eereoc rns o or reane cn secon oneocnraec orreon e scecoo onc norcecasoen onoceerereconoc ane rsre ocaonnno ac sec oorne seecroenrerecconoc an a co semcornses:eroe oer oe oannenareconoconasoc an seconerereconoc. e onerserereconoc ane o.anen me,o oe ceacomer,, w aerrsenemearesers oane oown ses:emae comrses aura ors reco oe currenneroc, wereners e currennerocs assoca nsruce sames neorno a conoca o oaannnn,, eeeeccoer,e a wrsemaerecon oersemae an rsem oer,erserase onersemaerecon ane anae secon oe, ema senco ann e c,er omres sese oc aoaen ure r,a a sec ooonow seceomn n ra se eceo os: nsre neornoc, werene ocae uce sames neorno a con oan nne,orenocs assocae w oann, eeeccooer, a seconemaerecon oe seconemae an e seconemae. er,e seconerase one seconemaerecon an ornee.: . recon. ane meeros oem caam, weren oannerserase onersemae oann coecense comrses: emaerecon aner oerser mnmznerenceseweeners secon wemereane o comanrne ssecoemnaeerase one seconemaerecon aneema oeraencno cnoe ancsees en: sse oconee semconae.er mnmznerenceseweene secon currenn.ereo mce.o o cam, werene neornocs ono o oreoe currenn.ereo mce ano a o ne camor,n w meroenon o vanne seconreconocase one oc com ecor o a neornoc oe currenner moon o vearnsens: aoreconocase one currenneroc an a neorn ocaonrn o a a neereorcnoc ono oe currenneroc an moon vecor o a neornonococeasoee on curreen currnenernoecr.oc an a neorn ar.e meo o cam,urer co reonnne, curreneneceorero,c a mrsn: we c roernese unns onneo o aueraura o su o- suoc-socs . ornee.: . currenn.ereo mce ano oe c neamor, wne mreono on vaecnonr oe see nceonorerncoonco oceas ceurr oneneroc comr en un, ona rnesnonseese seos: conaree cucrreonnnoecraosce osnn ae couurnar reon oe curren con moon vecor oe neornoc oe currennerreonc.neroc ane neorn ose..e meo o cam,eer comrses coecens o a scanacor an an o.an mne,o aonr e vncoeoe er,n acorsn,r ceomrsn: curren moon vecor oe cur conocase on a currenneroc an a a ne oorannn mo,on veec enocro oer are,n n ae senceor ono rnrceoccon ooec curarseen onnere courrenneroc an oann, e encoer, aerereco c rsrecono noc an aero one oe ane o oaern on,c or erse erne ec soec ceorn o,n arne oac c oro renco e soc en a cononcreasceo onnoec.erereconoc eero.ee mresore oc coam, wereneerereconocs oane an erereco noc, an oannenareconocase one o noc comrses: reconanocn.enareconocase oneerereconoc ane secon ornee.: . o.anen m,eo o cam, wereneers oane oown ses:emae com e encoer, arsemae oe currenneroc, wereners e curr rses aura ors reconsruce sames neorno a conoca oenannenr,oces e ansscoocear,e a wrsemaerecon oers ema oe.ann, e encoer,eerase onersemaereemcaoen a anners rsem.e meo o cam, weren oann, e encoer,eerase one oaaennre coceonc aenns oeresemerae m cnommrzses: recon anersemae. nerenceseweenersemae eero.ee s meceono ore ccamon,o wc,e arenn oeerereconocs oane an ere annenareconocase one oreancnoneocna comrses: reconoc. reconocase oneerereconoc aners o.anen m,eoe o en ccaomer, a, s wecoenrenemeaers oane oown ses: seconemae comrses aura o secon re oe neornoc, werene ocae neorn econsruce sames neorno a con o ocs assocae w oaannnn, e encoer, a seconemaerecon oe seconemae an seconemae., e encoer,eerase one seconemaerecon ane ornee.: . seconem.aee mereoc oon c aanme, se wceren oann, e encoer,eerase one oann coec onemae comrses: emaerecon aneen sse oconeemerae. mnmznerenceseweene secon eero.e meo o cam, weren oanneerereconoc an oa onnen o aerrsreconoc ore seconreconoc comrses: reconoc ores secoenrererecconoc an arsero one oers oer o weren oannenareoncooncocase oneerereconoc ane oeanrns are seccoonoc ore seconreconoc comrses: rsreconoc orne seecrereconoc an a seconeroe oer oe secon oearennreecnoanroeo ccn .onreocconaseoc on anerserereconoc ane o.anen m,eoe o en ccaomer, a, wrsereemnaee orse ceurrrse onanneeroco, wowern ses:emae comrses aura ors reconsruce sames neorn eners e currennerocs a o a conoca o oaannnn,, ee e enss nco coc oea err,e , a w ersrsemeareasree ocnone oersemae an rsem rsemaerecon ane anae e, seconers oane oown ses: ornee.: . secon oemanane c,omrese esnc aoeurr,a a sec oon seceomn raeceo onsruec nee samornes neoc,o werene ocae neornocs asso rno a con oann, e encoer, a secocnae w oann, e encoer,e seconemeareasreecon oe seconemae an e seconemae. one seconemaerecon an rec.e meo o cam, weren oannerserase onersemae oona annnersemae comrses: emaereco cnoe anceensr oerser mnmznerenceseweeners secon weren oanne ssecoemnaeerase one seconemaerecon aneema oem eraena cne c o co nomer ancsees en: sse oconee semconae.er mnmznerenceseweene secon currenn.ereo mce.o o cam, werene neornocs ono o oreoe currenn.ereo mce ano a o ne camorn, weren oanne seconreconocase one oc com moon vecor o a neornoc oe currenner moon o vecar onse rns: o a a noereorconocase one currenneroc an a neorn oann aerecnonococ onaose o one ceu crruernrenneroc an moon vecor o a neornoceoe currennernoecr.oc an a neorn orne e.: . ar.oen mne,o oe c enacmoer,, aurer comrsn: werene currenneroc c roernese unns onneo o aueraura o su o- suoc-socs. currenn.ereo mce ano oe c neamor, wne mreono on vaecnonr oe see nceonorerncooncoc ase onenero o e curren un, onc a rne csom nonsr eese seos: conaree cucrreonnnoecraoscesn aounar reon o e curren con moon vecor o e ne orn oc o e curr oennne ceurrreonc.neroc an e ne orn ose.. e meo o cam ,e er comrses coecens o a scanacor an an on.e onr m aoraerausor veoecon, comrsn: execua ae memore o cnoeuroc oreesso morors a eren oc oensseor osr, morerocessors an conureo sorensrucons erorm weer meneoe onne an or m onoere or coacemsssors-, u.on execuon o ensrucons, are conureo nsru . non-ransor comuer-reaae sorae meumor sorn comuer-execuae comuceornsrocaes,s worseno exeercoureme o mnee oor monr aen com o cuaermsroc-ess.ors, causee one or more orne e.: . on.e onr m aoraeraruosor veo encon, comrsn: a memor cessors an execuae e o cnoeu ore mooe one or morerocessors an conureo sorensrucons erorm weer meneoe onne an or mr onoe erero orc coe acsseo mssr sos,rs,- uo.n execuon o ensrucons, are conureo nsrucon.s naon,- wraenns eoxrecu coemue orn-ree oara moere s coormaeu meerruomcesor sorn comuer-execuae comuerrocessorserorme meon an o cams -.sors, causee one or more ecoe. neo mn-eranosonr an com o cuaerm-rsea-a.e sorae meumor sorn a sreamoe e me.o nonn- anran oso cram cosmu-er.-reaae sorae meumor sorn a sreamenerae