EP4630378A1 - Procédé de séparation de boues grasses par filtration thermo-mécanique - Google Patents
Procédé de séparation de boues grasses par filtration thermo-mécaniqueInfo
- Publication number
- EP4630378A1 EP4630378A1 EP23834263.8A EP23834263A EP4630378A1 EP 4630378 A1 EP4630378 A1 EP 4630378A1 EP 23834263 A EP23834263 A EP 23834263A EP 4630378 A1 EP4630378 A1 EP 4630378A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- sludge
- fatty
- thermo
- mechanical filtration
- perforated cylinder
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
- C02F11/126—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering using drum filters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/13—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by heating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B13/00—Recovery of fats, fatty oils or fatty acids from waste materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
- C02F2101/32—Hydrocarbons, e.g. oil
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/10—Energy recovery
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a process for extracting fatty substances contained in fatty sludge, particularly in cleaning sludge from wastewater treatment structures and networks.
- non-fossil and renewable carbon from the recycling of industrial waste and/or biomass, to power energy, chemistry, transport or even pharmacy will help achieve the planned net zero carbon emissions objectives. by 2050.
- Liquid biofuels such as first generation biodiesel are mainly derived from vegetable oils from oilseed plants such as rapeseed, sunflower, wheat, soybean and oil palm which are mainly made up of a mixture of triglycerides of organic fatty acids. Ranges of biodiesels have thus been developed from these oils, in particular by transforming them into methyl and ethyl esters of fatty acids (FAME and EEAG). These biodiesels are contained at 7 to 10% in commercial diesels (B7 and B10). More recently, vegetable oils as well as esters and hydrotreated fatty acids (HVO and HEFA), more stable and 100% substitutable for petrodiesel, without impact on engines (“drop in” fuels) are produced in the latest generation biorefineries. These HVO and HEFA have better stability over time and at high and low temperatures, they are also tested for the design of new sustainable jet fuels.
- oilseed plants such as rapeseed, sunflower, wheat, soybean and oil palm
- Ranges of biodiesels have thus been developed from
- a need remains for the provision of a process allowing access to fatty acids and their derivatives which can be used for the preparation of fatty acid esters, esters and hydrotreated fatty acids (HEFA) or for the aforementioned applications from a new local source of renewable waste.
- the proposed process must be simple to implement, respectful of the environment and human health and inexpensive in energy and raw materials.
- the present invention relates to a process for extracting fatty substances contained in fatty sludge, in particular sludge from cleaning works and sanitation networks. It includes the following steps:
- Figure 1 illustrates an example of a thermo-mechanical filtration device (1) for implementing the method of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 illustrates an example of a thermo-mechanical filtration device (1) for implementing the method of the present invention as well as its heating system in the form of a steam generator.
- the proposed process meets the expressed needs.
- the proposed process makes it possible to extract fatty substances contained in fatty sludge, particularly in cleaning sludge from sanitation structures and networks, at lower cost.
- the proposed process is environmentally friendly because it does not require the use of organic solvents.
- the process can be applied in batch mode (commonly referred to as “batch”) or can be adapted to continuous operation.
- the process is easily industrializable: scaling up is possible through the use of correctly sized equipment.
- the proposed process for extracting fatty substances contained in fatty sludge, particularly in sewerage network cleaning sludge comprises the following steps:
- thermo-mechanical filtration of fatty sludge in the absence of organic solvent, so as to separate the fatty sludge into a solid fraction and a liquid fraction, typically biphasic, the liquid fraction comprising the fatty substances;
- thermo-mechanical filtration designates filtration carried out by the addition of thermal and mechanical energy. Thermal and mechanical energy are provided concomitantly (i.e. non-sequentially).
- the conditions for implementing thermo-mechanical filtration and examples of thermo-mechanical filtration are as described in detail below.
- greasy sludge refers to sludge rich in fatty substances (greasy waste) resulting from human activities (e.g.: industrial installations, food processing, catering, sanitation networks, etc.).
- Greasy sludge is made up of liquid (water and oily organic matter) and solid matter (organic matter, mineral matter or their mixtures).
- Fatty sludge generally has a dryness rate (% by weight of dry matter relative to the total weight of the fatty sludge) greater than 5%, typically ranging from 5% to 98%.
- Greasy sludge generally has a level of substances extractable with hexane of at least 5% by weight relative to the total weight of the greasy sludge. Substances extractable with hexane refer to fatty substances.
- fatty substance designates: fatty acids derived from biomass as well as triglycerides and their corresponding partially hydrolyzed derivatives (di- and mono-glycerides); or a mixture of hydrocarbons (for example from an industrial activity); or a mixture of these two categories.
- Fatty substances can be in the form of a solid or liquid mixture or a heterogeneous solid-liquid mixture.
- the constituents of fatty substances (fatty acids, triglycerides and their partially hydrolyzed derivatives or mixtures of hydrocarbons) depend on the origin of the fatty sludge.
- the fatty sludge used is sludge from cleaning sanitation networks, sludge collected in the grease tanks of wastewater treatment plants (STEP), machining or rectification sludge, pellets refinery sludge, rolling mill sludge, sludge from boat bilges or even sludge from grease pits or grease traps, in particular grease traps leaving central kitchens and food industries.
- the fatty sludge is sludge from cleaning sanitation networks or sludge from grease traps leaving central kitchens and food industries.
- the sanitation networks located upstream of urban wastewater treatment plants, have the role of transporting domestic wastewater, community and/or industrial effluents, and periodically rainwater to these treatment plants.
- lipids originally triglycerides of fatty acids coming from edible oils (olive oil, rapeseed oil, sunflower oil, palm oil, and peanut) and animal fat are, from partially to completely, hydrolyzed into fatty acids via digestion on the one hand and natural hydrolysis generated by the mixing of materials in the path of the effluents in contact with water, air and time spent in the networks.
- edible oils olive oil, rapeseed oil, sunflower oil, palm oil, and peanut
- animal fat are, from partially to completely, hydrolyzed into fatty acids via digestion on the one hand and natural hydrolysis generated by the mixing of materials in the path of the effluents in contact with water, air and time spent in the networks.
- These fatty materials accumulate in the form of a surface crust in the grease traps or agglomerate and clog the pipes and, in particular, the lifting stations of these networks, requiring operators to periodically clean the networks and these different stations upstream of urban wastewater treatment plants.
- Sludge from the cleaning of sanitation works and networks thus refers to the sludge collected during cleaning and pumping operations of the works and pipes of the sanitation networks, that is to say the sludge collected upstream of the sewerage stations.
- wastewater treatment This may be sludge collected at the lifting stations (PR), in the pipes as well as in the various structures: pits and grease traps, in particular at the outlet of the kitchens, the meat cutting workshops of the slaughterhouses and other agri-food activities generating fat (dairies, cheese factories, pastries, etc.).
- This sewage sludge, rich in fat, is currently little used: it is typically either incinerated (co-generation), or mixed with other waste and methanized or freeze-polysed then spread.
- Cleaning sludge typically has a dryness rate ranging from 5 to 10%.
- Thermo-mechanical filtration of fatty sludge makes it possible to separate fatty sludge into a solid fraction and a liquid fraction.
- Thermo-mechanical filtration of sludge is typically carried out at high temperature, that is to say carried out at a temperature ranging from 50 to 150°C, preferably ranging from 60 to 120°C or from 85 to 100°C, even more preferably around 95°C.
- thermo-mechanical filtration is carried out at atmospheric pressure at a temperature ranging from 50 to 150°C, preferably ranging from 60 to 120°C or from 85 to 100°C, even more preferably around 95°C. Such temperatures will be reached by any appropriate heating means.
- thermo-mechanical filtration is carried out at atmospheric pressure at a temperature of, or close to, 100°C.
- the thermo-mechanical filtration includes the diffusion of water vapor within the fatty sludge.
- thermomechanical filtration includes a heat supply by diffusion of water vapor within the fatty sludge. Steam of water, diffusing within the sludge would break the emulsion and allow the separation/release of the liquid fraction (including fatty substances) from the solid fraction, particularly when water vapor is combined with the addition mechanical energy in the form of agitation/mixing, for example slow mixing of materials by mechanical energy.
- thermo-mechanical filtration is typically carried out in a heating chamber.
- the contribution of mechanical energy during thermo-mechanical filtration typically takes the form of mixing/agitation of the sludge.
- Thermo-mechanical filtration in particular the provision of mechanical energy, can be implemented by vibration of a filter grid on which the sludge rests, by mixing of the sludge placed on a filter grid or even by means of a device as described in detail in the “Particular embodiment” section. In this last embodiment, mixing can be carried out by slow rotation of a cylinder (see below).
- the sludge is therefore typically agitated during thermo-mechanical filtration (by stirring, agitation). Agitation/mixing particularly makes it possible to establish good contact between the sludge and the water vapor. Mechanical energy allows the sludge to be aerated and prevents its compression, which is not desired in the context of the present invention.
- thermomechanical filtration includes a heat supply by diffusion of water vapor within the fatty sludge and a mechanical energy supply by mixing the fatty sludge.
- the sludge subjected to the thermomechanical filtration step can be, beforehand, partially dehydrated, for example to achieve a dryness rate greater than or equal to 30%, preferably greater than 40%, even more preferably greater than or equal to 50%, or even greater than or equal to 70%.
- the sludge subjected to the thermo-mechanical filtration stage then has a dryness higher than that of the sludge resulting from collection, that is to say a dryness higher than that of the sludge collected at the collection point.
- the sludge subjected to the thermo-mechanical filtration stage has a lower water content than that of the sludge collected at the collection point.
- the sludge before the thermo-mechanical filtration step, may have undergone or may undergo a thickening and/or dehydration step aimed at eliminating part of the water contained therein.
- the elimination of part of the water can be carried out according to known conventional methods of those skilled in the art such as thickening by gravity or dynamic decantation, cold draining by gravity, centrifugation, pressing for example by means of a screw press or even by cold filtration or the combination of these methods.
- the elimination of part of the water can be carried out by means of the device allowing thermo-mechanical filtration without the addition of thermal energy, that is to say at room temperature (20 - 25 °C ).
- the process of the present invention presents, before the thermo-mechanical filtration step, a step of partial dehydration of the sludge, preferably so as to produce sludge having a dryness rate greater than or equal to at 30%, preferably greater than 40%, even more preferably greater than or equal to 50%, or even greater than or equal to 70%.
- a step of partial dehydration of the sludge preferably so as to produce sludge having a dryness rate greater than or equal to at 30%, preferably greater than 40%, even more preferably greater than or equal to 50%, or even greater than or equal to 70%.
- the sludge may first have undergone one or more pre-treatments intended to make the process more efficient.
- the sludge can be screened, in order to eliminate large solid waste, acidified and/or oxidized in pre-treatment to “break” the soaps present or even pre-heated to facilitate their transfer.
- Thermo-mechanical filtration of sludge makes it possible to separate the sludge into a solid fraction and a liquid fraction, the liquid fraction is typically two-phase.
- the liquid fraction includes fatty substances.
- the liquid fraction is collected.
- the process may further comprise a step of drying the collected liquid fraction.
- the liquid fraction can be biphasic.
- the two-phase liquid fraction then consists of an aqueous phase and an organic phase comprising the fatty substances.
- the aqueous phase and the organic phase of the two-phase liquid fraction are collected and separated.
- the separation can be carried out by decanting the collected two-phase liquid fraction followed by separation of the two phases.
- the addition of salts can be considered to facilitate decantation. Any other known method of separation of an aqueous and organic phase of those skilled in the art can be used (centrifugation, overflow, etc.).
- the organic phase can be withdrawn continuously.
- the process may further comprise a step of drying and/or filtration of the organic phase.
- the process can be carried out in continuous mode, for example via the use of a “conveyor belt” or a conveyor tunnel conveying the sludge from a dehydration step, for example spinning, towards the thermo-mechanical filtration stage.
- the process of the present invention makes it possible to achieve mass extraction yields of fatty substances of the order of 20 to 85% or 20 to 50% with respect to the mass of initial fatty sludge, this is that is to say at the input of the thermo-mechanical filtration process.
- thermo-mechanical filtration device can be as shown in Figure 1.
- the thermo-mechanical filtration device (1) comprises: a heating chamber (2); a static collector (3) arranged inside the heating enclosure (2); a perforated cylinder (4) disposed inside the static collector (3), the perforated cylinder being configured to receive the sludge, in particular the cleaning sludge, and to be driven in rotation; the static collector (3) being configured to receive a liquid (or liquids) ejected from the perforated cylinder during rotation of the perforated cylinder (4).
- the extraction process then includes the following steps:
- the heating enclosure (2) can integrate heating elements (e.g.: circulation of a heat transfer liquid in a double envelope or the presence of an electrical resistance) or be configured to allow the introduction of heat, for example example to allow the introduction of water vapor and maintain the required temperature.
- the heating enclosure comprises means allowing the introduction of water vapor into the enclosure and preferably means for maintaining a temperature of or close to 100°C.
- the introduction of water vapor can be carried out continuously.
- the heating chamber can be thermostatically controlled.
- the static collector (3) shown in Figure 1 is cylindrical in shape. Those skilled in the art will agree that it can be of any suitable shape.
- the static collector is intended to receive liquids, it is therefore made of a material suitable for collecting liquids (e.g.: any fatty substance and water). In some embodiments, the static collector is made of glass.
- the perforated cylinder (4) is configured to receive the sludge and to be rotated. It is therefore a rotating cylinder with holes. In certain embodiments the perforated cylinder is suspended from a rotation shaft (5). In certain embodiments, a collection volume is present under the perforated cylinder.
- the rotating perforated cylinder is made of a material suitable for containing fatty sludge, in particular sewage sludge.
- the rotating perforated cylinder is made of steel.
- the holes (7) of the rotating perforated cylinder (4) are configured to allow the ejection of liquids during the rotation of the rotating perforated cylinder (e.g. any fatty substance and water) and to retain solid materials.
- the diameter of the holes generally varies from 1 pm to 1000 pm, preferably from 1 pm to 500 pm or from 5 pm to 500 pm or from 10 pm to 500 pm, or from 5 pm to 300 pm or from 10 pm to 300 pm. pm or from 50 pm to 300 pm or from 10 pm to 100 pm. Such diameters make it possible to retain solid materials within the perforated cylinder and only allow the liquid fraction, typically two-phase, to pass through.
- the perforated cylinder is a perforated cylinder.
- the perforated cylinder is made up of metal micromesh (for example metal micromesh with a passage dimension of 1 pm to 1000 pm, preferably of 1 pm to 500 pm or of 5 pm to 500 pm or 10 pm to 500 pm, or from 5 pm to 300 pm or from 10 pm to 300 pm or from 50 pm to 300 pm or from 10 pm to 100 pm).
- the diameter of the holes in the cylinder may be greater than the diameters previously described.
- the rotating perforated cylinder can be lined, preferably on its interior, with a microperforated membrane.
- the holes/perforations of the microperforated membrane typically have a diameter ranging from 1 pm to 1000 pm, or preferably 1 pm to 500 pm or from 5 pm to 500 pm or from 10 pm to 500 pm, or from 5 pm to 300 pm or from 10 pm to 300 pm or from 50 pm to 300 pm or from 10 pm to 100 pm.
- microperforated membrane therefore makes it possible to consider the use of a rotating perforated cylinder whose holes have a diameter greater than 1 mm (typically up to several mm, for example from 1 to 5 mm).
- the microperforated membrane can be a polypropylene, nylon or PTFE membrane.
- the microperforated membrane only allows hydrophobic substances to pass through.
- thermo-mechanical filtration device as shown in Figure 1, the fatty sludge, in particular the cleaning sludge, is introduced into the rotating perforated cylinder.
- the fatty sludge may have undergone one or more pre-treatments intended to make the process more efficient.
- the sludge can be screened, in order to eliminate large solid waste, acidified and/or oxidized in pre-treatment to “break” the soaps present or even pre-heated to facilitate their transfer.
- the fatty sludge may have been dehydrated, for example according to one of the methods described above, to eliminate part of the water contained therein.
- the partial dehydration of the fatty sludge can be carried out within the present device itself before implementing the thermo-mechanical filtration.
- Dehydration is then carried out by filtration at room temperature, that is to say by rotating the perforated cylinder without adding thermal energy.
- Filtration at room temperature is typically carried out at a rotation speed of the perforated cylinder ranging from 30 to 1000 rpm, preferably ranging from 200 to 500 rpm.
- Filtration at room temperature is typically carried out for a period ranging from 5 to 30 minutes, preferably ranging from 5 to 10 minutes.
- Room temperature filtration is typically carried out at atmospheric pressure. The water extracted from the sludge during filtration at ambient temperature and collected in the static collector can be eliminated before implementing thermo-mechanical filtration.
- Thermo-mechanical filtration is typically carried out at a temperature ranging from 50 to 150°C, preferably ranging from 60 to 120°C, preferably ranging from 85 to 100°C, even more preferably around 95°C.
- a temperature of 50 to 150°C can be reached by means of a heat transfer liquid, typically an oil, circulating in a double envelope of the heating chamber, by means of an electrical resistance or by means of the introduction of water vapor into the heating chamber (2).
- the temperature ranging from 50 to 150 ° C in the heating chamber is reached by introducing water vapor therein.
- the thermo-mechanical filtration is carried out at atmospheric pressure at a temperature ranging from 50 to 150°C, preferably ranging from 60 to 120°C or from 85 to 100°C, even more preferably around 95°C.
- thermomechanical filtration is carried out at atmospheric pressure at a temperature of, or close to, 100°C.
- Thermo-mechanical filtration more precisely the heat supply, is then carried out by diffusion of water vapor within the fatty sludge in the cylinder. The water vapor diffusing within the sludge would break the emulsion and allow the separation/release of the liquid fraction (including fatty substances) from the solid fraction.
- Thermo-mechanical filtration is carried out by rotating the perforated cylinder (4).
- Thermo-mechanical filtration is typically carried out at a cylinder rotation speed ranging from 30 to 1000 rpm or 30 to 500 rpm, preferably ranging from 200 to 500 rpm or 200 to 300 rpm.
- the rotation speed is therefore significantly lower than that used during centrifugation.
- Thermomechanical filtration is typically carried out for a period ranging from a few minutes (for example ranging from 5 minutes, or 10 minutes, or 20 minutes, or 30 minutes) to 120 minutes, preferably ranging from 45 to 75 min.
- the thermo-mechanical filtration is typically carried out for short times, for example for a period of a few minutes, for example 5 minutes.
- thermo-mechanical filtration is carried out at a rotation speed of the cylinder ranging from 30 to 1000 rpm, preferably ranging from 200 to 500 rpm, for a duration ranging from a few minutes (for example ranging from 5 minutes , or 10 minutes, or 20 minutes, or 30 minutes) to 120 minutes, preferably ranging from 45 to 75 min.
- Thermo-mechanical filtration is typically carried out at atmospheric pressure.
- the liquid ejected during the rotation of the perforated cylinder (4) during thermomechanical filtration is collected in the static collector (3).
- This liquid includes fatty substances.
- the liquid containing the fatty substances collected in the static collector can be withdrawn continuously.
- the liquid fraction can be dried.
- the liquid is possibly a two-phase liquid comprising an aqueous phase and an organic phase comprising fatty substances.
- the fatty substances and water contained in the sludge, particularly in the cleaning sludge, and extracted by thermo-mechanical filtration are collected hot in the static collector (3).
- the static collector (3) can also contain water from filtration at room temperature if this step has been implemented and if the water extracted and collected has not been eliminated.
- the aqueous phase collected in the static collector can be withdrawn continuously.
- the aqueous phase and the organic phase containing the fatty substances collected in the static collector can be withdrawn continuously.
- the process implemented in this device typically comprises a step (d’) of decantation of the biphasic liquid collected in step (c’) and separation of the phases to isolate the organic phase.
- the organic phase containing the fatty substances is collected.
- the process may further comprise a step of drying and/or filtration of the organic phase.
- mass extraction yields of fatty substances of the order of 20 to 75% or 20 to 50% with respect to the mass of initial fatty sludge can be obtained.
- the proposed method can be implemented in batch or continuous mode.
- a (vibrating) filtering conveyor belt or a conveyor tunnel conveying the sludge through a heated enclosure equipped with a collection gutter makes it possible to carry out continuous collection of the liquid, allowing a implementation of the process continuously.
- the fatty substances collected consist of an acidic oil (AI generally between 160 and 200 mg KOH/g).
- This oil which can be solid, liquid and/or a mixture heterogeneous solid/liquid at room temperature contains a significant proportion of fatty acids from biomass (human food) as well as triglycerides and their corresponding partially hydrolyzed derivatives (di- and monoglycerides).
- the fatty acids were characterized by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Stearic, palmitic, linoleic and oleic acids constitute the largest fraction of fatty acids detected. Myristic and linolenic acids may also be present. Hydrocarbons may also be present.
- fatty acids and their derivatives can be directly used as biofuels, for example for industrial ovens and boilers.
- the collected fatty acids can be modified by methods well known to those skilled in the art.
- these fatty acids can be hydrogenated into HEFA (Hydroprocessed esters and fatty acids) or HVO (Hydrotreated Vegetable Oil) to make biodiesel.
- HEFA Hydroprocessed esters and fatty acids
- HVO Hydrotreated Vegetable Oil
- fatty acids can be esterified.
- they can be esterified into methyl or ethyl esters of fatty acids.
- the transformation can be done in two ways: by direct esterification in an acid catalytic medium and in the presence of an alcohol, preferably biosourced, by prior refining of the fatty acids after extraction then an esterification/transesterification sequence.
- fatty acid esters can find markets as biodiesel, lubricants/cleaning solvents (particularly for cleaning metal parts, cleaning in printing, as a concrete release agent), plasticizer for bitumen, solvents for chemistry, synthons for chemistry.
- Mass spectrometry The mass analyzes were carried out on a spectrometer equipped with an ion trap (amaZon SL, Bruker) and an electrospray ion source (ESI) operating in positive or negative mode.
- ion trap amaZon SL, Bruker
- ESI electrospray ion source
- Sample preparation and introduction Typically, samples are diluted 100-fold in a solvent consisting of 46.1% methanol, 38.4% dichloromethane, 15.4% milliQ water and 0.1 % formic acid (% by volume). The sample thus diluted is then introduced directly into the source using a syringe pump with a flow rate of 10 pL/min.
- the dry matter content is expressed as a percentage relative to the weight of the sample.
- the measurement method consists of placing a sample of sludge in an oven at 105°C until a constant mass is obtained. Let r be the mass of the wet sample and m2 its mass after treatment in an oven at 105°C. x 100 -
- the dosage is monitored by colorimetry and/or pH-metry.
- V2 ml be the volume necessary for the dosage respectively of the fatty substance and the solvent mixture, y the molar concentration of the potash solution, M the molar mass of the potash and mg the mass of the test portion.
- Fatty substances will be treated with alcoholic potash in large excess and hot. The excess potash is then dosed with hydrochloric acid.
- the two flasks fitted with a refrigerant are brought to a gentle boil in a sand bath for 1h30.
- V2 ml be the volume necessary for the determination of the sample and the control respectively, y the molar concentration of the hydrochloric acid solution, M the molar mass of the potash and mg the mass of the test portion.
- the mass percentage of fatty substances within the fatty sludge is determined by solid-liquid extraction with hexane:
- a filter cartridge weigh approximately exactly 20g of fatty sludge to be extracted (riboue).
- the RS-CAR252780 filter cartridge is inserted into a “Soxlhet” type assembly topped with a refrigerant.
- introduce 120 mL of hexane and three grains of pumice Bring to reflux then allow solid-liquid extraction cycles to operate for 20 hours. Cool and recover the residual organic phase in the cartridge.
- Combine the organic juices then evaporate the hexane under reduced pressure.
- the residue at the bottom of the flask is weighed (m fat as) and corresponds to the fatty substances extracted in the form of an oil which solidifies completely or partially at room temperature.
- the mass percentage of fatty substances is expressed as:
- the cleaning sludge used comes from samples taken from the walls of a lifting station of a sanitation network.
- 3 kg of sludge (references BAL0522A) were taken from a lifting station on 04/01/2022, coordinates of the lifting station: GPS point 45.926247005143246, 4.652735136978171), the sludge is stored by freezing at -18°c.
- Composition of sewage sludge
- the sludge was homogenized by mechanical stirring for 3 hours at room temperature.
- the quantity of fatty substances in this sludge was calculated on the average of two hot solvent (hexane) extraction experiments using the Soxhlet method as described above (reflux for 24 hours, 6 cycles at hour).
- the measured quantity of fatty substances is 63.5% by weight for this sludge (see table 1).
- Thermo-mechanical filtration device Thermo-mechanical filtration device
- thermo-mechanical filtration device (1) is as illustrated in Figure 2.
- the enclosure (2) is heated by introducing water vapors from a vapor generator (8) as shown.
- This vapor generator (8) is made up of a three-necked Pyrex flask (4 L) (9) placed in a heating mantle (10) surmounted by a 100 mL casting funnel (11) and a tube of pressure balancer (12) (length (L) of 45 cm, external diameter (0) of 0.7 cm and internal diameter (0) of 0.4 cm).
- the two-phase liquid collected comprises an aqueous (14) and oily (15) phase which are subsequently separated at the collector outlet.
- a thermometer (17) is also present in the heating chamber to measure the temperature. Extraction of fatty substances from sludge BAL0522A
- the aqueous and oily phases see their volume gradually increase, the aqueous phase (lower) is drawn off, collected and measured gradually.
- the volume of the oily phase increasing visually less rapidly, the rotation speed is then increased to 260 then 330, then 400 rpm for a total of 15 minutes to complete the thermomechanical filtration operation.
- the steam supply is stopped, and, during cooling, the aqueous phase then the oily phase are withdrawn one after the other, then stored separately.
- the GAL0722VC1 fatty substance is packaged and then stored at 4°C. The experimental values are reported in Table 2.
- the solid residues in the membrane are weighed, the oily phase (extracted fatty substances) is weighed, the results are presented in Table 3.
- the collected fatty substance GAL0722VC1 is esterified with methanol in an acid catalytic medium (H2SO4) to obtain the FAME referenced GN0722MeOH.
- a collected fatty substance GCCMIX290923 obtained by the process described in Example 1 is esterified with methanol in an acid catalytic medium (APTS) to obtain the FAME referenced EMAGCCMIX271123.
- APTS acid catalytic medium
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Abstract
Description
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Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2212780A FR3142681A1 (fr) | 2022-12-05 | 2022-12-05 | Procédé de séparation de boues grasses par filtration thermo-mécanique |
| PCT/FR2023/051918 WO2024121496A1 (fr) | 2022-12-05 | 2023-12-04 | Procédé de séparation de boues grasses par filtration thermo-mécanique |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4630378A1 true EP4630378A1 (fr) | 2025-10-15 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23834263.8A Pending EP4630378A1 (fr) | 2022-12-05 | 2023-12-04 | Procédé de séparation de boues grasses par filtration thermo-mécanique |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4630378A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3142681A1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2024121496A1 (fr) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20120120106A (ko) * | 2009-07-07 | 2012-11-01 | 노와 테크놀로지, 인코퍼레이티드 | 폐수 슬러지 처리 시스템 |
| US10611657B2 (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2020-04-07 | Tongji University | Method and system for preparing fuel gas by utilizing organic waste with high water content |
-
2022
- 2022-12-05 FR FR2212780A patent/FR3142681A1/fr active Pending
-
2023
- 2023-12-04 EP EP23834263.8A patent/EP4630378A1/fr active Pending
- 2023-12-04 WO PCT/FR2023/051918 patent/WO2024121496A1/fr not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2024121496A1 (fr) | 2024-06-13 |
| FR3142681A1 (fr) | 2024-06-07 |
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