EP4601914A1 - Sicherungsvorrichtung für ein bordnetz eines fahrzeugs - Google Patents
Sicherungsvorrichtung für ein bordnetz eines fahrzeugsInfo
- Publication number
- EP4601914A1 EP4601914A1 EP23782172.3A EP23782172A EP4601914A1 EP 4601914 A1 EP4601914 A1 EP 4601914A1 EP 23782172 A EP23782172 A EP 23782172A EP 4601914 A1 EP4601914 A1 EP 4601914A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- supply path
- path segment
- instance
- isolating
- safety device
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
- B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
- B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
Definitions
- a separator is provided between the safety-relevant consumers and non-safety-relevant consumers, so that if a fault occurs, for example a short circuit in a consumer, the safety-relevant consumers can be separated from the other consumers.
- the fuses 6 can be designed as a fuse or as a semiconductor isolating switch.
- a key advantage of the fuses is that they can be manufactured very inexpensively.
- the semiconductor isolating switches have the advantage that the reaction time until the semiconductor isolating switch trips is many times shorter than with a fuse.
- a further disadvantage of the semiconductor isolating switches, in addition to the cost, is that they do not have an intrinsic fuse. In the event of damage to the semiconductor isolating switch itself, for example due to an overload, the semiconductor isolating switch is very likely to be fully conductive. A fuse is open after tripping and is therefore intrinsically safe. When replacing fuses with semiconductor isolating switches in vehicle electrical systems, the probability of failure of the semiconductor isolating switches must therefore be taken into account and this results in changed requirements with regard to the impact on other consumers.
- the object is achieved by a safety device for an on-board network of a vehicle, wherein the on-board network has a first energy source and a second energy source as well as a plurality of loads.
- Each load can comprise an individual consumer or a consumer group.
- the loads of the on-board network are each assigned requirements or requirement levels with regard to safety integrity.
- the loads are each assigned a requirement level from a set of requirement levels that includes at least requirement levels I, II, III and IV, wherein the requirements increase in the order mentioned.
- the safety device comprises a first supply connection for connecting the safety device to the first energy source and a second supply connection for connecting the safety device to a second energy source.
- the securing device has a first supply path segment, a second supply path segment and a further supply path segment.
- the safety device has a plurality of first load connections, each connected to the first supply path segment via a first fuse, for connecting a first load.
- the first loads are preferably assigned requirement level I with regard to safety integrity.
- the first loads are therefore preferably simple loads.
- the safety device has a plurality of third load connections, each connected to the wide supply path segment via a third fuse, for connecting a third load.
- the third loads preferably meet requirement levels II or III with regard to safety integrity.
- the safety device advantageously enables the additional supply path segment to be separated from the first supply path segment and the second supply path segment. This means that the first loads connected to the first supply path segment can continue to be supplied via the first energy source and the safety-relevant loads connected to the second supply path segment of the safety device or outside the safety device with the second energy storage device can also continue to be supplied via the second energy storage device.
- the separation of the additional supply path segment means that a fault in the additional supply path segment does not have any effect on the first supply path segment and the second supply path segment.
- the safety device has a further isolating instance and one or more second load connections for connecting a second load, wherein the second load connection or connections are each connected to the further isolating instance via a second fuse and the further isolating instance is connected to the second supply path segment.
- the second loads are preferably each assigned a requirement level III or IV with regard to safety integrity.
- this allows several loads that have increased safety requirements to be connected to the safety device and the disconnection of these more safety-relevant loads can be done very quickly and flexibly.
- the safety device has a third isolating instance, a fourth isolating instance, an additional supply path segment and a plurality of fifth load connections, each with an associated fifth fuse.
- the first supply path segment is additionally connected to the third isolating instance.
- the second supply path segment is additionally connected to the fourth isolating instance and the additional supply path segment is arranged between the third and fourth isolating instances.
- the fifth load connections are each connected to the additional supply path segment via their associated fifth fuse.
- the safety device has a fifth separating instance which is arranged in the further supply path segment, so that the further supply path segment is formed by a third and fourth supply path segment which can be coupled and uncoupled via the fifth separating instance.
- the safety device has a sixth separating instance which is arranged in the additional supply path segment, so that the additional supply path segment is formed by a fifth and sixth supply path segment which can be coupled and uncoupled via the sixth separating instance. Due to the ring structure of the supply path segments and the further subdivision of the supply path segments in the ring structure, it is possible to use the isolation instances to isolate the subnetworks even more flexibly in the event of a fault and thus further increase the availability of the remaining loads.
- At least some of the fuses i.e. the first, second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth fuses, each have a monitoring unit.
- the respective monitoring unit is designed to detect whether the respective fuse is open or whether predetermined conditions are met which, in the case of a fault-free fuse, lead to the fuse changing to an open state and, if the respective fuse is open or the predetermined conditions are met, to provide a monitoring signal which signals that the fuse is open.
- all of the first to sixth fuses, if present, have such a monitoring module. Detecting whether the predetermined conditions are met means, for example, that a current is detected which exceeds a predetermined threshold and would therefore lead to the fuse tripping in the case of a fault-free fuse.
- the monitoring module is preferably designed to detect a current flowing through the associated load connection and/or a voltage applied to the associated load connection and, depending on the detected current and the detected voltage or only depending on the detected current or the detected voltage, to transfer the fuse to an open state and, if it is a switchable fuse, to also switch the fuse to a closed state.
- the fuses can be protected twice or multiple times. If it is determined that a fuse has been triggered or should have been triggered, the associated disconnection instance(s) can be disconnected immediately, within approximately 100 ps to 500 ps.
- the safety device has a control device which is designed to receive the monitoring signals and, depending on the monitoring signals, to control one or more of the isolating instances in such a way that they assume an open state in order to thus Supply path segment, to which the respective fuse is connected, which signals an open state, is to be separated from the other supply path segments.
- the control device can be designed as a central unit or distributed.
- the control device can have several logic circuits, each of which is assigned to one or more of the isolating instances or to one of the supply segments.
- the isolating instances each have a control circuit by means of which the opening and closing of the isolating instance is effected and which is controlled by the control device.
- the safety device has a coupling unit which is designed to electrically connect the supply path segment separated from all other supply path segments due to the opening of the isolating instances to the first and/or second supply path segment for a predetermined period of time, preferably via an ohmic resistor for current limitation, and to detect a first measurement signal representative of a first voltage provided by the respective separated supply path segment and a second measurement signal representative of a second voltage provided by the first or second supply path segment in the predetermined period of time.
- the coupling unit is preferably designed to be distributed.
- the coupling unit provides in particular several measuring lines, i.e. a separate measuring line for each supply path segment with the exception of the first and second supply path segments.
- the safety device has a comparator which is designed to compare the first measurement signal with the second measurement signal and, if an amount of deviation between the first measurement signal and the second measurement signal falls below a predetermined threshold value, to cause the control device to return at least one of the isolating instances which cause the respective separated supply path segment to be separated to a closed state.
- the comparator can be part of the control device or comprise a separate device.
- the comparator can be designed to carry out the comparison in an analog or digital manner.
- this makes it possible to check whether a faulty load has been completely disconnected and/or all faulty loads have been disconnected from their associated supply path segment.
- the comparator may be a separate unit or the control device may include the comparator.
- the isolating instances (first, second, third, fourth and fifth isolating instance) and at least some of the fuses each have a switchable semiconductor switch.
- all of the fuses i.e. the first, second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth fuses, have a semiconductor switch.
- the semiconductor switch preferably has one or more gate drivers which are controlled by the control device.
- At least one of the isolating instances has two MOSETs that are connected anti-serially.
- the fifth and sixth isolating instances can have such an anti-serial arrangement of the MOSFETs, also called a back-to-back arrangement.
- a series connection of several back-to-back arrangements of the MOSFETs is also possible. Such a series connection enables redundancy if, for example, a MOSFET does not work.
- the object is achieved by a computer program comprising instructions which cause a control device to carry out the method according to the third aspect.
- the object is achieved by a computer-readable non-volatile storage medium on which the computer program according to the fifth aspect is stored.
- Figure 2 shows an exemplary equivalent circuit diagram of an embodiment of an on-board network for a vehicle
- Figure 4 shows an exemplary equivalent circuit diagram of a third embodiment of an on-board network for a vehicle
- Figure 5 is an exemplary flow chart for a program for a control device for operating an on-board network.
- Figure 2 shows an exemplary equivalent circuit diagram of an embodiment of an on-board network 100 for a vehicle.
- the on-board network 100 has a first energy source E1, a second energy source E2, a plurality of loads L1, L2, L3 and a safety device 10.
- the first energy source E1 comprises, for example, a DC/DC converter.
- the second energy source E2 comprises, for example, a battery or accumulator.
- the on-board network 1 is, for example, a 12 V on-board network.
- the loads L1, L2, L3 of the on-board network 100 are assigned requirement levels with respect to a safety integrity from a set of predetermined set of requirement levels, which includes at least requirement levels I, II, III and IV, wherein the requirements increase in the order mentioned.
- Requirement level I corresponds, for example, to ASIL QM (not safety-relevant).
- Requirement level II corresponds, for example, to ASIL A according to ISO 26262.
- Requirement level III corresponds, for example, to ASIL B according to ISO 26262 and requirement level IV corresponds, for example, to ASIL C according to ISO 26262.
- Such a requirement level can also be assigned to the energy storage devices E1, E2.
- the first energy source E1 can be assigned requirement level I and the second energy source E2 can be assigned requirement level IV.
- requirement level IV The higher requirement level for the second energy source E2 results from the fact that the second energy source E2 is intended for the redundant energy supply of the safety-relevant loads, to which, for example, requirement level IV is assigned.
- the safety device 10 has a first supply connection VA1 and a second supply connection VA2.
- the first supply connection VA1 of the safety device 10 is connected to the first energy source E1 via a first supply line VL1.
- the first energy source E1 can be connected to the first supply connection VA1 of the safety device 10 via a fuse F (not shown in Figure 2), in particular a safety fuse, which is arranged in the first supply line VL1.
- the second supply connection VA2 of the safety device 10 is connected to the second energy source E2 via a second supply line VL2.
- one or more second loads L2 are connected to the second supply line VL2.
- These second loads L2 are connected to the second supply line VL2 via fuses F, for example.
- the second loads L2 are in particular safety-relevant loads, for example with a requirement level IV or AS I L-C requirement.
- the safety device 10 has a first supply path segment VS1, a second supply path segment VS2, and a further supply path segment VSw.
- the security device 10 has a first separating instance T1 and a second separating instance T2.
- the first supply path segment VS1 is arranged between the first supply connection VA1 and the first isolating instance T1. This means that the first supply path VS1 connects the first supply connection VA1 to a first connection of the first isolating instance T1.
- the second supply path segment VS2 is arranged between the second supply connection VA2 and the second isolating instance T2. This means that the second supply path VS2 connects the second supply connection VA2 to a second connection of the second isolating instance T2.
- the further supply path segment VSw is between the first separation instance
- the control device CU causes the further isolating instance Tw to be switched to an open state.
- This allows the first and third loads L1, L3 to continue to be supplied redundantly by the first energy source E1 and the second energy source E2.
- the further loads L2 of the second supply line VL2 can also be supplied redundantly via the first energy source E1 and the second energy source E2.
- the comparator is, as already described in connection with Figures 2 and 3, designed to compare the first measurement signal with the second measurement signal for the respective supply path segment when it is separated and if an amount of deviation between the first measurement signal and the second measurement signal falls below a predetermined threshold value, to cause the control device to return at least one of the isolating instances which cause the isolating of the separated supply path segment to a closed state.
- the first to sixth fuses comprise a circuit breaker.
- the first to sixth fuses S1, ... S6 it is possible for the first to sixth fuses S1, ..., S6 to have fuses. It is also possible for the first to sixth fuses S1, ..., S6 to be designed differently and thus some of the fuses have a fuse and the other part of the fuses have a circuit breaker.
- the respective isolating switch is designed as a semiconductor switch.
- the respective semiconductor switch preferably has a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) or several MOSFETs connected in parallel.
- MOSFET metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor
- n-channel MOSFETs can be used here.
- the first to fifth isolating elements T1, ..., T5 and the further isolating element Tw also have a semiconductor switch.
- the respective semiconductor switch preferably has a MOSFET or several MOSFETs connected in parallel.
- a step S07 the first measurement signal is compared with the second measurement signal and, if an amount of deviation between the first measurement signal and the second measurement signal falls below a predetermined threshold value, at least one of the isolating instances that cause the isolating of the separated supply path segment is returned to a closed state.
- the program is terminated in a step S09.
- the program can execute a detection mode in which the inputs of the control device CU are monitored to detect whether monitoring signals are being sent by the fuses S1, ..., S6. The program can thus switch to the detection mode.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102022210812.4A DE102022210812A1 (de) | 2022-10-13 | 2022-10-13 | Sicherungsvorrichtung für ein Bordnetz eines Fahrzeugs |
| PCT/EP2023/076491 WO2024078860A1 (de) | 2022-10-13 | 2023-09-26 | Sicherungsvorrichtung für ein bordnetz eines fahrzeugs |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4601914A1 true EP4601914A1 (de) | 2025-08-20 |
Family
ID=88207580
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23782172.3A Withdrawn EP4601914A1 (de) | 2022-10-13 | 2023-09-26 | Sicherungsvorrichtung für ein bordnetz eines fahrzeugs |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4601914A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102022210812A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2024078860A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN118618234B (zh) * | 2024-06-21 | 2025-10-21 | 广汽本田汽车有限公司 | 一种用于汽车的低压供电系统 |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10317362B4 (de) * | 2003-04-15 | 2005-10-06 | Siemens Ag | Fahrzeugbordnetz und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Fahrzeugbordnetzes |
| DE102012200804A1 (de) * | 2012-01-20 | 2013-07-25 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Bordnetz und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Bordnetzes |
| DE102012207624A1 (de) * | 2012-05-08 | 2013-11-14 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Moduleinheit, Verbund und Verfahren zum Überwachen eines Energieversorgungsnetzes |
| DE102014208192A1 (de) * | 2014-04-30 | 2015-11-05 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Vorrichtung und zum Verbinden eines Basis-Bordnetzes mit einem insbesondere sicherheitsrelevanten Teilnetz |
| DE102015101235A1 (de) * | 2015-01-28 | 2016-07-28 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Elektrisches Energieversorgungssystem für ein Fahrzeug und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines elektrischen Energieversorgungssystems |
| DE102016103829A1 (de) * | 2016-03-03 | 2017-09-07 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Energieversorgungseinheit und Energieversorgungssystem für ein Fahrzeug |
| DE102018105826B4 (de) * | 2018-03-14 | 2021-03-18 | Lisa Dräxlmaier GmbH | Elektrisches versorgungssystem und verfahren |
-
2022
- 2022-10-13 DE DE102022210812.4A patent/DE102022210812A1/de active Pending
-
2023
- 2023-09-26 WO PCT/EP2023/076491 patent/WO2024078860A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2023-09-26 EP EP23782172.3A patent/EP4601914A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2024078860A1 (de) | 2024-04-18 |
| DE102022210812A1 (de) | 2024-04-18 |
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