EP4588122A1 - Conteneur de modules de batterie muni d'un système de refroidissement, système de stockage de puissance électrique et procédé associé - Google Patents
Conteneur de modules de batterie muni d'un système de refroidissement, système de stockage de puissance électrique et procédé associéInfo
- Publication number
- EP4588122A1 EP4588122A1 EP23772246.7A EP23772246A EP4588122A1 EP 4588122 A1 EP4588122 A1 EP 4588122A1 EP 23772246 A EP23772246 A EP 23772246A EP 4588122 A1 EP4588122 A1 EP 4588122A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cooled air
- battery modules
- diffusion
- air
- horizontal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
- H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6561—Gases
- H01M10/6563—Gases with forced flow, e.g. by blowers
- H01M10/6565—Gases with forced flow, e.g. by blowers with recirculation or U-turn in the flow path, i.e. back and forth
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6561—Gases
- H01M10/6566—Means within the gas flow to guide the flow around one or more cells, e.g. manifolds, baffles or other barriers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
- H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- TITLE Battery module container equipped with a cooling system, electrical power storage system and associated process
- the present invention relates to a battery module container, comprising a structure comprising:
- an electrical power storage system by arranging, in a standard parallelepiped container, battery modules and an electrical and thermal management unit for the modules.
- This storage system is easily movable, notably by road, rail, sea or air transport.
- the modules included in the container charge to store electrical power received from an electrical power source and discharge to provide electrical power to an electrical power consumer. These successive charges and discharges cause heating of the cells of the battery modules and therefore an increase in temperature within the battery modules.
- a battery module must preferably operate within a very specific temperature range, for example between 18 and 25°C. In certain cases, battery modules can reach a temperature well above the desired temperature, for example around 40°C.
- the battery module cells have an irreversibly reduced lifespan. In certain cases, this degradation causes events that endanger the container, for example thermal outbursts.
- the modules have increased internal resistance and heat up more due to the Joule effect.
- the invention also relates to an electrical power storage system, comprising:
- - battery modules received in the interior volume; - terminals, connected to the battery modules and intended to connect to a consumer of electrical power supplied by the battery modules and/or to a supplier of electrical power for recharging the battery modules.
- the system according to the invention may comprise one or more of the following characteristics, taken in isolation or in any technically possible combination:
- the storage system comprises at least one row of battery modules, each row comprising a plurality of columns of battery modules, the horizontal tubes extending along the row of battery modules at different heights facing each column ;
- each battery module is placed opposite a horizontal tube, the horizontal tube comprising a diffusion opening specific to each battery module;
- each battery module comprises an exterior box defining a fresh air intake passage, the diffusion opening opening in the vicinity of the fresh air intake passage without connection with the fresh air intake passage;
- the cooled air generation device comprises a hot air intake inlet, the battery modules and the cooled air diffusion system externally delimiting in the interior volume a fluid path between each evacuation passage of hot air and intake inlet.
- the invention also relates to a method of cooling battery modules in a storage system as defined above, the method comprising the following steps:
- the cooling process comprises a discharge of heated air by each battery module, and a circulation of the heated air between the battery modules and the cooled air diffusion system towards a heated air intake inlet of the cooled air generation device, without going through a hot air collection system.
- Figure 1 is a view, taken in three-quarter side perspective, of a first electrical power storage system according to the invention
- Figure 3 is a view, taken in section along a horizontal plane, of the first electrical power storage system according to the invention.
- Figure 4 is a schematic view, taken in section along a vertical plane, of a plenum of the cooled air diffusion system of the first electrical power storage system according to the invention
- Figure 5 is a view similar to Figure 3 of a variant of electrical power storage system according to the invention.
- FIGS 1 to 4 illustrate a first electrical energy storage system 10 according to the invention.
- the storage system 10 is intended to be moved to a site of use, for example by a road vehicle such as a truck, by a railway vehicle, and/or by a maritime vehicle such as a transport ship . It is intended to be electrically connected to an electrical energy use network on a site of use and alternately to an electrical energy supply network for its recharging.
- the storage system 10 comprises a container 12 of battery modules, delimiting an interior volume 14, and a plurality of battery modules 16 received in the interior volume 14.
- the storage system 10 advantageously comprises an electrical and thermal management system of the battery modules 16 (“Battery Management Module” or “BMM” in English) and a security system (not shown).
- the container 12 contains for example between 10 and 150 battery modules 16. It extends along a longitudinal axis A-A'.
- the battery modules 16 are mounted in series and/or in parallel to deliver power to at least two electrical terminals 22 present on the container 12. Electric power which can reach for example up to 4MWh for voltages notably up to 1500V.
- Each battery module 16 comprises a plurality of electrochemical cells, for example received in prismatic or cylindrical interior housings or in flexible pockets.
- Each electrochemical cell has anodes, cathodes and separators, between which electrochemical reactions take place.
- Each battery module 16 includes an outer casing 21 containing the inner casings or cell pockets. As visible in Figures 2 and 3, each exterior housing 21 comprises a fresh air intake passage 21 A opening here towards the axis A-A' and a hot air exhaust passage 21 B, opening here away from the axis A-A'.
- the battery modules 16 are arranged vertically in the form of columns 22A and horizontally in the form of at least one row 22B, here at least two parallel rows 22B extending parallel to the longitudinal axis A-A' of the container 12 .
- Each row 22B comprises a plurality of columns 22A of battery modules 16, arranged one after the other parallel to the axis A-A’.
- the columns 22A define between them transverse intermediate volumes 22C. Likewise, the rows 22B delimit between them an axial intermediate volume 22D, the volumes 22C, 22D allowing circulation of an air flow.
- the management system (not shown) is capable of controlling the voltage and intensity delivered by each battery module when supplying electrical power, and the power and intensity of electrical current delivered to each battery module during the recharging battery modules 16.
- the electrical terminals 22 are intended to connect to the user network (not shown) for the supply of electrical energy stored in the battery modules 16, and alternately, to an electrical power supply network, for recharging the battery modules. battery 16.
- the safety system (not shown) comprises for example sensors for detecting temperature and/or pressure in the interior volume 14, a source of inert gas, and a control unit capable of delivering the inert gas into the interior volume. 14 from the inert gas source, upon detection of an increase in temperature, smoke, carbon monoxide or/and pressure greater than a given threshold in the interior volume 14.
- the container 12 comprises a self-supporting structure 30, intended to define the interior volume 14, and to allow the joint transport of the battery modules 16, the management system, and the security system up to a site of use. It contains, as visible in Figures 2 and 3, a system 31 for diffusing cooled air towards each battery module 16 included in the interior volume 14.
- the structure 30 of the container 12 is here of polyhedral shape.
- the structure 30 has the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, extending longitudinally along the longitudinal axis A-A' which is horizontal when the container 12 is placed on a horizontal support.
- the dimensions of the structure 30 are governed by transport standards.
- Container 12 is notably a 20-foot container called “High Cube” 6.058 m long, 2.438 m wide and 2.896 m high.
- the present invention applies to any type of container having ISO corners (example 40 feet (12 m), 10 feet (3 m), etc.).
- the peripheral walls 36 comprise two longitudinal vertical walls 50A, 50B, the longitudinal walls 50A, 50B being arranged vertically, parallel to the axis A-A', on either side of the axis A-A'.
- the peripheral walls 36 further comprise two transverse vertical walls 52C, 52D extending perpendicular to the axis A-A' and connecting the longitudinal walls 50A, 50B together at the longitudinal ends of the structure 30.
- the longitudinal walls 50A, 50B and the transverse walls 52C, 52D delimit the corners of the structure 30 in pairs. They delimit the interior volume 14 towards the outside.
- the longitudinal walls 50A, 50B and possibly the transverse walls 52C, 52D are provided with movable doors 53A, 53B making it possible to provide an access passage to the interior volume 14 from the outside of the container 12, and a locking mechanism 53C of the movable doors 53A, 53B.
- the structure 30 possibly comprises an internal partition 54 to the interior volume 14, delimiting in the volume interior 14 a compartment 56 for storing the battery modules 16, and separately, a control compartment 58, receiving the management system and the security system.
- the cooled air diffusion system 31 is arranged in the interior volume 14. It comprises a device 60 for generating cooled air (visible in Figure 3), and horizontal tubes 62 for diffusing cooled air towards the modules battery 16, delimiting two by two intermediate spaces 64.
- the cooled air diffusion system 31 further comprises a vertical plenum 66 for distributing in the horizontal tubes 62 the cooled air produced by the generation device 60, interposed between the generation device 60 and the horizontal tubes 62.
- the cooled air generation device 60 comprises for example an air conditioning device 67 accepting hot air at a hot air intake inlet 68 and delivering cooled air to a cooled air delivery outlet 70.
- the horizontal tubes 62 extend linearly in an intermediate volume 22C along a row 22B of battery modules 16. They advantageously extend here all parallel to the longitudinal axis A-A'.
- Each horizontal tube 62 is placed facing the successive faces of the outer boxes 21 of battery modules 16 in which the fresh air intake passages 21A are provided, at a predefined height relative to the floor 32.
- each horizontal tube 62 is placed in the vicinity or in contact with the successive faces of the exterior boxes 21 of battery modules 16 in which the fresh air intake passages 21 A are provided.
- Each fresh air intake passage 21 A of a battery module 16 present in a column 22A within a row 22B is thus advantageously arranged opposite a horizontal tube 62.
- the horizontal tubes 62 are disjointed and are placed at different heights. They are separated two by two by the intermediate spaces 64.
- the height of each intermediate space 64 between two adjacent horizontal tubes 62 is preferably greater than 10% of the height separating the central axes of the two adjacent horizontal tubes 62.
- each space 64 is preferably equal to the height of a module 16 so that the horizontal tubes 62 are exactly opposite the fresh air intake passages 21 A.
- the horizontal tubes 62 preferably have coplanar central axes, located in the same vertical plane containing the longitudinal axis A-A' or parallel to the longitudinal axis A-A'.
- the horizontal tubes 62 have a vertical section, taken perpendicular to their central axis, with a polygonal or circular exterior contour.
- the tubes 62 may have cooled air diffusion openings 80 at the top and bottom facing each other.
- the air diffusion openings 80 advantageously have sections of different areas along each horizontal tube 62 and between the horizontal tubes 62, in order to distribute the air between the battery modules 16 according to their cooling needs.
- At least two air diffusion openings 80 along each horizontal tube 62 have sections of different areas or/and at least one air diffusion opening 80 on a horizontal tube 62 has a section of different area from another air diffusion opening 80 on another horizontal tube 62.
- At least one air diffusion opening 80 is placed opposite each fresh air intake passage 21 A of each battery module 16 to allow the diffusion of cooled air from a horizontal tube 62 towards each module battery 16 via fresh air intake passage 21 A.
- the cooled air diffusion system 31 does not have a conduit connecting the air diffusion openings 80 to the fresh air intake passages 21 A.
- the cooled air passes freely and without physical obstacle between the air diffusion openings 80 and the fresh air intake passages 21 A in the intermediate space 64 between two adjacent horizontal tubes 62.
- the vertical plenum 66 is intended to receive the flow of cooled air coming from the cooled air generation device 60 and to distribute this flow of cooled air between the different horizontal tubes 62 according to the individual cooling needs of the battery modules 60 located opposite each horizontal tube 62.
- the vertical plenum 66 extends at least over the entire height of the horizontal tubes 62, at one longitudinal end of the horizontal tubes 62.
- the vertical plenum 66 comprises a casing 90 defining an internal space 92, and blades 94 of distribution of cooled air in each horizontal tube 62, arranged in the internal space 92.
- the casing 90 has an opening 96 for admitting cooled air into the internal space 92 connected to the cooled air outlet 70 of the cooled air generation device 60, via a distribution conduit 98 possibly bent.
- the casing 90 defines, facing the horizontal tubes 62, a plurality of vertically distributed cooled air distribution openings 100, to which the horizontal tubes 62 are connected. Each distribution opening 100 thus exclusively supplies a respective horizontal tube 62.
- the cooled air intake opening 96 in the internal space 92 has a maximum internal vertical section of area A1 (taken perpendicular to the local axis of the opening 96) greater than at least twice the area A2 of the maximum vertical internal section of each horizontal tube 62 (taken perpendicular to the central axis of the horizontal tube 62).
- the area A1 is also substantially equal to the sum of the areas A2 of the internal sections of all the horizontal tubes 62, for example between 80% and 120% of the sum of the areas A2.
- the air distribution blades 94 are arranged horizontally or/and inclined in the internal space 92 to create separate cooled air supply channels 102 connected upstream to the intake opening 96 and downstream each has a respective distribution opening 100.
- Each channel 102 thus has an internal section advantageously increasing from the inlet opening 96 towards each distribution opening 100.
- this internal section is constant or decreasing.
- the air circulating in the channels 102 is thus capable of being distributed in the different horizontal tubes 62 according to the predetermined need for cooled air of each horizontal tube 62, which is itself dependent on the predetermined individual need for cooled air of each module.
- battery 60 located along the horizontal tube 62.
- the battery modules 16 and the cooled air diffusion system 31 externally delimit in the interior volume 14 a free fluidic path between each hot air evacuation passage 21 B and the hot air intake inlet 68 of the cooled air generation device 60.
- This path extends here, in the transverse intermediate volumes 22C, and/or in the volumes axial intermediates 22D between the outer boxes 21 of the battery modules 16 and the peripheral walls 36 of the container 12.
- the container 12 is thus devoid of a hot air collection system comprising clean ducts for guiding the hot air. This significantly improves the volume available in the container 12 to accommodate the battery modules 16.
- the container 12 is connected to a user network to deliver electrical power to this network from the battery modules 16 present in the container 12 or to an electrical power source in order to recharge the battery modules 16 present in container 12.
- the cooled air flow thus generated is conveyed to the vertical plenum 66 via the distribution duct 98 and the cooled air intake opening 96. It is distributed in the horizontal tubes 62 via the circulation channels 102 created by the distribution blades 94.
- the cooled air then circulates in the horizontal tubes 62 via the distribution openings 100 and leaves each horizontal tube 62 through diffusion openings 80 facing the battery modules 16.
- the cooled air then moves towards the fresh air intake passages 21 A of the outer casings 21 of the different battery modules 16 to cool each battery module 16.
- the thermal difference in temperature between the temperature of the module battery 16 the hottest and the average temperature of the battery modules 16 is advantageously less than 5°C.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2209342A FR3139948A1 (fr) | 2022-09-16 | 2022-09-16 | Conteneur de modules de batterie muni d’un système de refroidissement, système de stockage de puissance électrique et procédé associé |
| PCT/EP2023/075510 WO2024056889A1 (fr) | 2022-09-16 | 2023-09-15 | Conteneur de modules de batterie muni d'un système de refroidissement, système de stockage de puissance électrique et procédé associé |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4588122A1 true EP4588122A1 (fr) | 2025-07-23 |
Family
ID=85122933
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23772246.7A Pending EP4588122A1 (fr) | 2022-09-16 | 2023-09-15 | Conteneur de modules de batterie muni d'un système de refroidissement, système de stockage de puissance électrique et procédé associé |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4588122A1 (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN119948676A (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3139948A1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2024056889A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN206742458U (zh) * | 2017-06-01 | 2017-12-12 | 东莞市沃泰通新能源有限公司 | 一种电池冷却装置 |
| CN111106409B (zh) * | 2019-12-11 | 2021-06-04 | 武汉中原电子集团有限公司 | 一种锂电叉车电池包的热管理装置及其热管理方法 |
| CN112259827B (zh) | 2020-10-23 | 2022-01-28 | 傲普(上海)新能源有限公司 | 一种储能集装箱电池散热系统 |
| KR102874380B1 (ko) * | 2021-01-08 | 2025-10-20 | 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 | 배터리 모듈, 이를 포함하는 배터리 팩 및 자동차 |
-
2022
- 2022-09-16 FR FR2209342A patent/FR3139948A1/fr active Pending
-
2023
- 2023-09-15 CN CN202380065801.3A patent/CN119948676A/zh active Pending
- 2023-09-15 WO PCT/EP2023/075510 patent/WO2024056889A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2023-09-15 EP EP23772246.7A patent/EP4588122A1/fr active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR3139948A1 (fr) | 2024-03-22 |
| WO2024056889A1 (fr) | 2024-03-21 |
| CN119948676A (zh) | 2025-05-06 |
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