EP4561410A1 - Procédé d'assemblage d'un film antiadhesif sur un substrat metallique par frappe à chaud - Google Patents
Procédé d'assemblage d'un film antiadhesif sur un substrat metallique par frappe à chaudInfo
- Publication number
- EP4561410A1 EP4561410A1 EP23761177.7A EP23761177A EP4561410A1 EP 4561410 A1 EP4561410 A1 EP 4561410A1 EP 23761177 A EP23761177 A EP 23761177A EP 4561410 A1 EP4561410 A1 EP 4561410A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- metal substrate
- film
- metal mesh
- metal
- cooking element
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
- A47J36/00—Parts, details or accessories of cooking-vessels
- A47J36/02—Selection of specific materials, e.g. heavy bottoms with copper inlay or with insulating inlay
- A47J36/025—Vessels with non-stick features, e.g. coatings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
- A47J36/00—Parts, details or accessories of cooking-vessels
- A47J36/02—Selection of specific materials, e.g. heavy bottoms with copper inlay or with insulating inlay
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/002—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating specially adapted for particular articles or work
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P11/00—Connecting or disconnecting metal parts or objects by metal-working techniques not otherwise provided for
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
- B32B15/012—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic one layer being formed of an iron alloy or steel, another layer being formed of aluminium or an aluminium alloy
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
- B32B15/013—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic one layer being formed of an iron alloy or steel, another layer being formed of a metal other than iron or aluminium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/02—Layer formed of wires, e.g. mesh
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/18—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising iron or steel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/20—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising aluminium or copper
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
- B32B27/20—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using fillers, pigments, thixotroping agents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/28—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42
- B32B27/281—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42 comprising polyimides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/28—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42
- B32B27/285—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42 comprising polyethers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/28—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42
- B32B27/286—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42 comprising polysulphones; polysulfides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
- B32B27/322—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins comprising halogenated polyolefins, e.g. PTFE
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/04—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the partial melting of at least one layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/06—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the heating method
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
- B32B38/0008—Electrical discharge treatment, e.g. corona, plasma treatment; wave energy or particle radiation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P2700/00—Indexing scheme relating to the articles being treated, e.g. manufactured, repaired, assembled, connected or other operations covered in the subgroups
- B23P2700/05—Cooking vessels
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2305/00—Condition, form or state of the layers or laminate
- B32B2305/38—Meshes, lattices or nets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
- B32B38/0012—Mechanical treatment, e.g. roughening, deforming, stretching
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of processes for obtaining cooking elements coated with a non-stick polymer film.
- a metal substrate is first shaped to form a kitchen utensil, then the interior surface of the kitchen utensil is coated with a fluorinated resin having excellent heat resistance such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether (PFA) by means of a liquid spray coating process or a powder coating process.
- a fluorinated resin having excellent heat resistance such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether (PFA)
- the liquid spray coating process has a number of disadvantages. When the metal substrate has a curved shape, it is difficult to obtain a uniform thickness coating.
- the liquid spray coating process also involves the use of solvents or volatile organic compounds that evaporate during the process and must be recovered and recycled. From an environmental point of view, a process without solvent and without volatile organic compounds is preferred. On the other hand, the coating thickness is limited. Cracks are likely to appear when the thickness of the coating is too great.
- the powder coating process also has disadvantages.
- the coating obtained has defects, of the pinhead type, which can lead to a reduction in the non-stick character.
- the coatings obtained according to these 2 processes may have significant surface roughness which may pose cleaning problems, as certain cooking residues may persist on the surface of the coating even after several washes.
- Patent application KR20150030719 describes a kitchen utensil comprising a body including a metal substrate on which a film of a fluorinated resin is laminated. A process for obtaining a kitchen utensil is also described.
- a multilayer PTFE film is used without information on the nature of the layers. The operation of laminating the film onto the substrate is not described.
- Application KR20160099388 describes the process for obtaining a metal substrate coated with a fluorinated film (devoid of a primer layer comprising an organic compound or an adhesive).
- the fluorinated film is a multilayer film obtained by successive deposition on a support of an aqueous dispersion of the constituents of the layer (fluorinated resin and optionally an inorganic filler) which is dried and sintered.
- the multilayer film is then removed from its support and positioned on the metal substrate before assembly.
- the layer of the fluorinated film in contact with the metal is made up of PTFE and a resin chosen from FEP, PFA, TFM, MFA (or their mixture) which has good flow properties, thus allowing good adhesion, this which PTFE does not allow.
- the metal substrate/fluorinated film assembly is carried out by thermal compression, in a static press or between rollers (roll-to-roll process).
- both the substrate and the film are heated to a temperature between 300°C and 410°C with an applied pressure of 100 to 800 psi (i.e. between 0.7 MPa and 5.0 MPa). 6 MPa).
- the substrate and the film are both heated to a temperature between 330° C and 420° C with a applied pressure between 2 and 15 MPa.
- the pressure applied during assembly is a few MPa and the implementation temperature is limited by the degradation temperature of the fluorinated film (in particular of PTFE which begins at 420° C).
- the assembly rates of the polymer film and the metal substrate are therefore limited by the parameters of the assembly process.
- the applicant has thus developed a method of manufacturing a coated cooking element by hot stamping assembly of a metal substrate and a polymer film, said assembly comprising a reinforcing metal element between the metal substrate and the polymeric film.
- the inventors have discovered that the method according to the invention makes it possible to carry out rapid assembly between a metal substrate and a polymer film comprising one or more semi-crystalline or amorphous thermoplastic polymers while ensuring good adhesion of the polymer film to said metal substrate.
- the substrate is advantageously heated prior to assembly according to the process of the present invention.
- the polymer film is heated essentially by conduction when brought into contact with the substrate at the time of assembly, then is cooled due to the thermal inertia of the assembly tools which remain at a temperature lower than the temperature of heats the metal substrate.
- the polymer film comprising one or more semi-crystalline or amorphous thermoplastic polymers to a temperature above the melting temperature. or the glass transition temperature of all or part of the thermoplastic polymers for a very short time, which does not cause degradation of the film.
- a metal reinforcement in the form of a metal mesh is attached to the metal substrate before assembly with the polymer film.
- the presence of this reinforcement makes it possible to improve the mechanical properties of the coated metal substrate.
- the cohesion between the metal substrate and the polymer film is reinforced.
- the metal reinforcement particularly improves the performance of the non-stick cooking surface, in particular by increasing the resistance of the non-stick coating to scratches.
- the invention thus relates to a method of manufacturing a coated cooking element (1) comprising the following steps: i. Provision of a metal substrate (2) and a metal mesh (3), said metal substrate (2) having a face (2a) intended to be brought into contact with said metal mesh (3); ii. Fixing said metal mesh (3) on said face (2a) of said metal substrate (2); iii. Provision of a film (4), said film (4) comprising a layer (4a) comprising one or more semi-crystalline or amorphous thermoplastic polymers, said layer (4a) being intended to be brought into contact with said face (2a) of said metal substrate (2) and with said metal mesh (3); iv. Heating said metal substrate (2) and said metal mesh (3); v.
- the invention also relates to a method of shaping a coated cooking element as described above comprising a step (a) of stamping the coated cooking element (1) obtained at the end of the step (vi).
- film means, within the meaning of the present invention, an assembly consisting of one or more superimposed layers intended to be assembled with the metal substrate.
- film also corresponds to said assembly once assembled with the metal substrate.
- a continuous layer means, in the sense of the present invention, a continuous layer.
- a continuous layer (or also called a monolithic layer) is a single whole forming a total flat surface completely covering the surface on which it is placed or will be placed.
- hot stamping is meant within the meaning of the present invention the method of assembling the metal substrate (2) and the metal mesh (3) previously heated and the polymer film (4) between a lower tool and a superior tool.
- aluminum alloy means an aluminum alloy of series 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000, 5000, 6000, 7000 and 8000.
- FIG. 1 represents a sectional view of an exemplary embodiment of a coated cooking element (1), comprising a metal substrate (2), a metal mesh (3) and a film (4), before assembly according to the method of the invention.
- FIG. 2 represents a metal mesh (3) made of woven metal which can be used according to the method of the invention.
- FIG.4 represents a sectional view of exemplary embodiments of a coated cooking element (1), comprising a metal substrate (2), a metal mesh (3) and a film (4).
- the metal mesh (3) is integrally crimped into the metal substrate
- the metal mesh (3) is only partially crimped into the metal substrate (2) and the surface of the metal mesh (3) emerges on the surface of the film (4), i.e. say that the film (4) does not cover the entire metal mesh (3).
- the metal mesh (3) is only partially crimped into the metal substrate (2) and the surface of the metal mesh (3) is entirely covered by the film (4).
- the inventors have developed a manufacturing process meeting the needs expressed.
- the invention thus relates to a method of manufacturing a coated cooking element (1) comprising the following steps: i. Provision of a metal substrate (2) and a metal mesh (3), said metal substrate (2) having a face (2a) intended to be brought into contact with said metal mesh (3); ii. Fixing said metal mesh (3) on said face (2a) of said metal substrate (2); iii. Provision of a film (4), said film (4) comprising a layer (4a) comprising one or more semi-crystalline or amorphous thermoplastic polymers, said layer (4a) being intended to be brought into contact with said face (2a) of said metal substrate (2) and with said metal mesh (3); iv. Heating said metal substrate (2) and said metal mesh (3); v. Positioning of said film (4) so that the layer (4a) faces said face (2a) of said metal substrate (2) and said metal mesh (3) heated during step iv. ; vi. Carrying out the assembly of said metal substrate (2) and said metal mesh
- said metal substrate (2) and said metal mesh (3) being at a temperature higher than the lowest temperature among the melting points of the semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers and the glass transition temperatures (Tg) of the amorphous thermoplastic polymers of layer (4a) at the time of assembly.
- steps i. to vi. are carried out successively.
- metal substrates (2) usable in the context of the invention we can advantageously cite substrates made of aluminum, stainless steel, cast iron or aluminum, or titanium or copper.
- Aluminum within the meaning of the present invention means a metal consisting of 100% aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
- the metal substrate (2) is a substrate made of aluminum, stainless steel or a multilayer metal substrate, in particular bilayers or tri-layers, these multilayers being able to be obtained for example by co-lamination, by hot diffusion under load (solid state bonding). ) or by hot or cold impact bonding.
- the metal substrate (2) comprises alternating layers of metal and/or metal alloy.
- the metal substrate (2) is an aluminum substrate.
- the thickness of the metal substrate (2) is between 0.5 mm and 10 mm.
- the face (2a) of the metal substrate (2) has undergone a surface treatment prior to assembly with the film (4) making it possible to improve the adhesion of said film to said substrate.
- the surface of the face (2a) of the metal substrate (2) has undergone a surface treatment, said surface treatment being chemical attack, brushing, hydration, sandblasting, shot peening, physicochemical treatment of plasma or corona or laser type, chemical activation or a combination of these different techniques.
- metal mesh we do not only mean a metal mesh composed of mutually crossing wires but also a perforated metal sheet with holes or even an expanded metal mesh.
- the metal mesh (3) is a woven metal mesh or an expanded metal mesh, preferably made of stainless steel.
- the metal mesh (3) can have a thickness of between 50 pm and 800 pm, preferably between 150 pm and 500 pm.
- the wires can have a diameter (or a thickness) of between 50 pm and 800 pm, preferably between 150 pm and 500 pm.
- the mesh can have a thickness of between 50 pm and 800 pm, preferably between 150 pm and 500 pm.
- the metal wires woven in the same direction are advantageously spaced from each other between 0.2 mm and 8 mm.
- the pattern that is to say, the empty areas in the woven metal mesh or in the expanded metal mesh, can all be identical or, on the contrary, be different.
- Figures 2 and 3 respectively represent a woven metal mesh and an expanded metal mesh that can be used in the context of the present invention.
- the metal mesh (3) has a dimension less than or equal to that of the metal substrate (2).
- the metal mesh (3) has undergone a surface treatment, said surface treatment being a chemical attack, brushing, hydration, sandblasting, shot blasting, a physicochemical treatment of the plasma or corona type or laser, chemical activation or a combination of these different techniques.
- the metal mesh (3) is applied to the face (2a) of the metal substrate (2).
- the metal mesh (3) is fixed on the face (2a) by means of attachment points or by stamping to embed it at least partially in the surface of the metal substrate (2).
- the fixing of the metal mesh (3) on the face (2a) of the metal substrate (2) is obtained by stamping to embed said metal mesh (3) at least partially in said face (2a).
- stamping is meant an operation which consists of striking, for example with a sledgehammer or a punch using a press, or pressing strongly, for example by means of a surface or a roller, on the metal mesh (3) to embed it at least partially in the surface of the metal substrate (2).
- the stamping operation is carried out over the entire surface of the metal mesh (2).
- the stamping operation is carried out using a press at room temperature.
- the depth of penetration of the metal mesh (3) depends on the force applied during stamping, the relative hardnesses of the metals of the metal mesh (3) and the substrate metal (2) and characteristics such as the diameter of the wires of the metal mesh (3).
- the metal mesh (3) is only partially embedded in the surface of the metal substrate (2) and constitutes protrusions.
- the metal mesh (3) is completely embedded in the surface of the metal substrate (2).
- stamping can make it possible to create a composite substrate having properties resulting from those of the 2 metals.
- the metal mesh (3) is made of harder metal than the metal substrate (2), the mechanical properties of the base metal will be modified, such as its tendency to deform when hot which will be reduced.
- the metal mesh (3) after attachment to the metal substrate (2) can create a structuring of the surface making it possible to increase the contact surface with the film (4) and thus improve the cohesion of the assembly.
- the metal substrate (2) and metal mesh (3) assembly can undergo a surface treatment after the fixing step, said surface treatment being chemical attack, brushing, hydration, sandblasting, shot blasting, physicochemical treatment of plasma or corona or laser type, chemical activation or a combination of these different techniques.
- the arithmetic average roughness Ra of the surface of the face (2a) of the metal substrate (2) is greater than or equal to 1 m, preferably greater than or equal to 2 pm.
- the arithmetic average roughness Ra of the surface of the face (2a) of the metal substrate (2) is less than or equal to 20 pm.
- the arithmetic average roughness Ra of the surface of the face (2a) of the metal substrate (2) ranges from 2pm to 10pm.
- the arithmetic average roughness Ra is measured using a roughness meter according to the ISO 4287 standard. Ra represents the arithmetic average of the deviations from the average.
- the surface topography can be studied in particular with a profilometer with a probe fitted with a fine stylus equipped with a diamond tip, or with an optical metrology device such as Altisurf®, in which a chromatic confocal sensor allows non-contact measurement. . The study of this surface topography makes it possible to define the arithmetic average roughness Ra.
- the film (4) comprises a layer (4a) comprising one or more semi-crystalline or amorphous thermoplastic polymers, said layer (4a) being intended to be brought into contact with said face (2a) of said metal substrate (2) and with said metal mesh (3).
- the melting point of the semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers and the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the amorphous thermoplastic polymers of the film (4) can be determined by thermal analysis methods such as Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA or DSC for Differential Scanning). Calorimetry) or by Dynamic Mechanic Analysis (AMD or DAAA for Dynamic Mechanic Analysis).
- DTA or DSC Differential Thermal Analysis
- AMD or DAAA Dynamic Mechanic Analysis
- the film (4) comprises a single layer (4a) comprising one or more semi-crystalline or amorphous thermoplastic polymers forming a cooking face (5).
- the film (4) further comprises one or more layers each comprising one or more semi-crystalline or amorphous thermoplastic polymers.
- the semi-crystalline or amorphous thermoplastic polymer(s) of the layer (4a) and, where applicable, of the additional layer(s) of the film (4), identical or different, are chosen from the group comprising:
- PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
- PFA perfluoropropyl vinyl ether
- FEP copolymers of tetrafluoroethylene and hexafluoropropene
- PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
- VVA copolymers of tetrafluoroethylene and polymethyl vinyl ether
- TFE/PMVE/F ⁇ VE ethylene tetrafluoroethylene
- ETFE ethylene tetrafluoroethylene
- P ⁇ EK polyarylether ketones
- PEEK polyether ketone
- PEEK polyether ether ketone
- PEKK polyether ketone ketone
- PEEKK polyether ketone ketone
- PEKEKK polyether ketone ether ketone ketone
- PEEK polyether ketone ether ketone ketone
- PPO poly(phenylene oxide)
- P ⁇ ES poly(aryl ether sulfone) polymers
- PES polyethersulfone
- PPSU polyphenylene ether sulfone
- PAS poly(arylene sulfides)
- PPS polyphenylene sulfide
- PAI polyamideimide
- PI polyimide
- PEI polyetherimide
- PBI polybenzymidazole
- the film (4) may also comprise at least one filler and/or at least one reinforcement.
- fillers which can be used in the present invention, mention may in particular be made of metal oxides, metal carbides, metal oxy-nitrides, metal nitrides, silicas and their mixtures.
- These fillers may be present in one or more layers of the film (4) or in each of the layers of the film (4).
- reinforcements usable under the present invention mention may be made of mineral or metallic reinforcement of the fiber, metal mesh, fiberglass material or fabric type.
- the reinforcement can also consist of a non-fluorinated polymer with high thermomechanical properties of the polyaryletherketone (PEAK) type, such as for example polyetheretherketone (PEEK), or polyamide-imide (PAI).
- PEAK polyaryletherketone
- PEEK polyetheretherketone
- PAI polyamide-imide
- the reinforcement can be in the form of a layer of film (4) positioned between the layer (4a) and the layer (4) forming the cooking face.
- the layer (4a) of the film (4) coming into contact with the face (2a) of the metal substrate (2) and with the metal mesh (3) during step (vi) may have undergone a mechanical or chemical surface treatment.
- the surface treatment can be chemical attack, brushing, hydration, sandblasting, shot blasting, physicochemical treatment of plasma or corona or laser type, chemical activation or a combination of these different techniques.
- the thickness of said film (4) is between 5 pm and 500 pm, preferably between 25 pm and 150 pm.
- the thickness of the layer(s) of the film (4) is measured at 20 random points on the cut of the film.
- the average thickness of said film (4) is obtained by averaging these 20 measurements.
- the total thickness of the film (4) of the coated cooking element (1) according to the invention is between 5 pm and 500 pm, preferably between 25 pm and 150 pm.
- the measurement of the thickness of the film (4) of the coated cooking element (1) according to the invention is carried out at 20 random points on the section of the coated substrate.
- the average thickness of said film (4) is obtained by averaging these 20 measurements.
- the film (4), before assembly with the metal substrate (2), can be obtained by deposition of a first layer on a support, then possibly by the successive deposition of the other layers, then by exfoliation of said film to separate it from the support .
- the layers of the film (4) can also be assembled together by any other assembly process, such as by lamination for example.
- the film (4) of the coated cooking element (1) covers the entire face (2a) of the metal substrate (2), but it can be envisaged that only part of the metal substrate (2) is covered.
- the film (4) has 2 layers (4a, 4b).
- the metal substrate (2) and the metal mesh (3) from step (ii) are heated during step iv prior to steps v and vi of the process.
- the metal substrate (2) and the metal mesh (3) can be heated using any suitable equipment, in an oven or by induction for example.
- the film (4) is positioned above the metal substrate (2) so that its layer (4a) faces the face (2a) of the metal substrate (2) and metal mesh (3) previously heated during step iii.
- the film (4) is positioned so that the entire surface of the layer (4a) comes into contact simultaneously with the surface of the face (2a) of the metal substrate (2) and the metal mesh (3) when of assembly step vi.
- the film (4) can be fixed on the upper tool or be stretched between 2 rollers.
- said metal substrate (2) and the metal mesh (3) are at a temperature higher than the lowest temperature among the melting points of the semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers and the glass transition temperatures (Tg) of the amorphous thermoplastic polymers of layer (4a) at the time of assembly.
- the adhesion of the film (4) to the metal substrate (2) and the metal mesh (3) is not sufficient.
- the metal substrate (2) and the metal mesh (3) are at a temperature between 350° C and 550° C , preferably at a temperature between 400° C and 450° C at the time of assembly with the film (4).
- the temperature of the metal substrate (2) and the metal mesh (3) at the time of assembly corresponds to the temperature of the metal substrate (2) and the metal mesh (3) when striking begins, i.e. i.e. when the pressurization of the metal substrate (2) and metal mesh (3)/film (4) assembly begins.
- assembly by hot stamping during step vi. is produced by means of a hydraulic or mechanical press comprising a lower tool and an upper tool between which the metal substrate (2) and the metal mesh (3) with the film (4) are assembled, said metal substrate (2) being preferably in contact with the lower tool and said film (4) being preferentially in contact with the upper tool.
- the surface of the lower tool advantageously flat, can undergo a surface treatment so as to avoid any sticking of the metal substrate on said tool.
- the plane of the surface of the upper tool, relative to the plane of the surface of the lower tool has an angle of between 0.01° and 0.5°, preferably between 0.15° and 0.25°. This angle helps limit air entrapment during the assembly stage.
- the lower tool can be heated.
- the upper tool can be cooled.
- the lower tool is heated to a temperature between 25° C and the temperature of the metal substrate (2) at the time of assembly and/or the upper tool is brought to a temperature between 15 °C and 120°C during step vi.
- the temperature values indicated in this application correspond to measured temperature values and are not set temperatures.
- the temperature values are measured by all appropriate means, for example by means of a temperature probe positioned on the surface or in the mass of the heated or cooled element.
- the temperature of the metal substrate (2) and the metal mesh (3) at the time of assembly corresponds to the temperature of the surface (2a) of the metal substrate (2) when the pressurization of the metal substrate assembly begins (2) and metal mesh (3)/film (4).
- the temperature of the metal substrate (2) and the metal mesh (3) can then drop during the striking operation, in particular when the lower tool is not heated prior to the assembly step.
- the metal substrate (2), the metal mesh (3) and the film (4) are maintained under a pressure of between 100 MPa and 800 MPa, preferably between 350 MPa and 500 MPa during the step vi.
- the pressure applied during the stamping operation is considerably higher than that applied in conventional metal substrate/polymer film assembly processes such as hot pressing which is only a few MPa.
- the duration of maintaining the metal substrate (2), the metal mesh (3) and the film (4) under pressure is less than or equal to 1 minute, preferably less than or equal to 15 seconds during step vi.
- the strike can be carried out by applying a sharp blow, for a duration of less than 5 seconds.
- the duration of maintaining the metal substrate (2), the metal mesh (3) and the film (4) under pressure is between 1 second and
- I minute preferably between 2 seconds and 15 seconds during step vi.
- the film (4) is essentially heated by conduction when it comes into contact at the time of assembly with the heated metal substrate (2) and the heated metal mesh (3).
- the temperature of the film (4) can thus drop quickly during the operation striking, particularly when the lower tool is not heated prior to the assembly stage.
- the film (4) is advantageously not heated prior to assembly step vi.
- the method of the invention it is thus possible to heat the film (4) very locally, in particular at the metal substrate (2)-film (4) interface, to a temperature beyond the highest temperature. low among the melting points of the semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers and the glass transition temperatures (Tg) of the amorphous thermoplastic polymers of the layer (4a) and this for a very short time, which does not cause degradation of the film ( 4).
- the temperature of the film (4) at the end of step vi. assembly of said film (4) with the metal substrate (2) and the mesh (3) is lower than the lowest temperature among the melting points of the semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers and the glass transition temperatures (Tg) of the amorphous thermoplastic polymers of layer (4a).
- the metal mesh (3) is fixed on the face (2a) by means of attachment points or is at least partially embedded in the surface of the metal substrate (2).
- Step vi of assembling the metal substrate (2) and the metal mesh (3) with the film (4) by hot stamping can also lead to partial embedding of the metal mesh (3) in the surface of the substrate metallic (2).
- the presence of the metal mesh (3) makes it possible to improve the performance of the non-stick cooking surface, in particular by increasing the resistance of the non-stick coating to scratches.
- the metal mesh (3) can limit the penetration of metal tools into the non-stick coating, thus limiting the formation of scratches.
- the cooking face (5) of the coated cooking element (1) can also have surface texturing, with the formation of reliefs in the form of protrusions, for example.
- Figure 4 represents, for purely illustrative and non-limiting purposes, a sectional view of exemplary embodiments of a coated cooking element (1) according to the invention, comprising a metal substrate (2), a metal mesh (3 ) and a film (4).
- the metal mesh (3) is integrally crimped into the metal substrate (2).
- the metal mesh (3) is only partially crimped into the metal substrate (2) and the surface of the metal mesh (3) emerges on the surface of the film (4), i.e. say that the film (4) does not cover the entire metal mesh (3).
- the metal mesh (3) is only partially crimped into the metal substrate (2) and the surface of the metal mesh (3) is entirely covered by the film (4).
- the metal mesh (3) is only partially crimped into the metal substrate (2) and the surface of the metal mesh (3) is entirely covered by the film (4).
- the surface of the film (4) after assembly is not flat due to the presence of the metal mesh and has reliefs in the form of protrusions.
- the coated cooking element (1) may also have configurations of the assembly of the metal substrate (2), the metal mesh (3) and the film (4) which are not identical in the different areas of the coated cooking element (1).
- the metal mesh (3) can be completely crimped into the metal substrate (2) in certain areas of the coated cooking element (1) and partially crimped into the metal substrate (2) in other areas of the coated cooking element (1).
- the metal substrate (2) and the metal mesh (3) coated with the film (4) are left to cool to room temperature in order to obtain adhesion between the metal substrate (2), the metal mesh (3) and the film (4) which is maximum.
- the metal substrate (2) coated with the film (4) can then be shaped at the end of step (vi).
- a second object of the invention thus relates to a method of shaping a coated cooking element as described above comprising a step (a) of stamping the coated cooking element (1) obtained by outcome of step (vi).
- the shaping process may further comprise a step (b) of stretching the coated cooking element (1) obtained at the end of step (a).
- the adhesion of the film (4) to the metal substrate (2) before shaping must be sufficiently good to avoid any loss of adhesion during and after the shaping operation.
- the coated cooking element (1) according to the method of the invention can form a cooking container in a culinary item chosen from the group consisting of saucepan, frying pan, skillets or pots for fondue or raclette, stewpot, wok, frying pan, crepe maker, grill, plancha, pot, casserole dish, culinary mold.
- the coated cooking element (1) according to the method of the invention can form a cooking container in an electric cooking appliance chosen from the group consisting of electric crepe maker, electric raclette appliance, electric fondue appliance, electric grill, electric plancha, electric cooker, food processor, bread machine.
- an electric cooking appliance chosen from the group consisting of electric crepe maker, electric raclette appliance, electric fondue appliance, electric grill, electric plancha, electric cooker, food processor, bread machine.
- the culinary article can form a cooking accessory for an electric cooking appliance.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Baking, Grill, Roasting (AREA)
- Cookers (AREA)
- Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2207868A FR3138450B1 (fr) | 2022-07-29 | 2022-07-29 | Procédé d’assemblage d’un film antiadhesif sur un substrat metallique par frappe à chaud |
| PCT/FR2023/051207 WO2024023470A1 (fr) | 2022-07-29 | 2023-07-28 | Procédé d'assemblage d'un film antiadhesif sur un substrat metallique par frappe à chaud |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4561410A1 true EP4561410A1 (fr) | 2025-06-04 |
Family
ID=83594429
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23761177.7A Pending EP4561410A1 (fr) | 2022-07-29 | 2023-07-28 | Procédé d'assemblage d'un film antiadhesif sur un substrat metallique par frappe à chaud |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20260034618A1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP4561410A1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JP2025525086A (fr) |
| KR (1) | KR20250048555A (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN119768093A (fr) |
| CO (1) | CO2025000785A2 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3138450B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2024023470A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2674463B1 (fr) * | 1991-03-27 | 1995-07-07 | Seb Sa | Procede pour modifier les caracteristiques de la surface d'un metal, articles et recipients notamment culinaires obtenus. |
| FR2702255B1 (fr) * | 1993-03-03 | 1995-05-24 | Seb Sa | Procédé pour fixer sur le fond d'un récipient culinaire, une grille ou plaque perforée. |
| JP6018442B2 (ja) | 2012-07-10 | 2016-11-02 | 川崎重工業株式会社 | 傾転角制御装置 |
| EP3119249B1 (fr) * | 2014-01-31 | 2019-05-15 | TVS S.p.A. | Récipient de cuisson d'aliment et procédé pour l'obtenir |
| KR20160099388A (ko) | 2015-02-12 | 2016-08-22 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 디스플레이 장치 및 그 동작 방법 |
| CN113116156B (zh) * | 2019-12-31 | 2022-12-27 | 佛山市顺德区美的电热电器制造有限公司 | 不粘结构、锅具和烹饪器具 |
-
2022
- 2022-07-29 FR FR2207868A patent/FR3138450B1/fr active Active
-
2023
- 2023-07-28 WO PCT/FR2023/051207 patent/WO2024023470A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2023-07-28 CN CN202380055612.8A patent/CN119768093A/zh active Pending
- 2023-07-28 US US19/099,302 patent/US20260034618A1/en active Pending
- 2023-07-28 KR KR1020257006103A patent/KR20250048555A/ko active Pending
- 2023-07-28 EP EP23761177.7A patent/EP4561410A1/fr active Pending
- 2023-07-28 JP JP2025505370A patent/JP2025525086A/ja active Pending
-
2025
- 2025-01-24 CO CONC2025/0000785A patent/CO2025000785A2/es unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR3138450A1 (fr) | 2024-02-02 |
| US20260034618A1 (en) | 2026-02-05 |
| JP2025525086A (ja) | 2025-08-01 |
| KR20250048555A (ko) | 2025-04-09 |
| CN119768093A (zh) | 2025-04-04 |
| CO2025000785A2 (es) | 2025-02-13 |
| WO2024023470A1 (fr) | 2024-02-01 |
| FR3138450B1 (fr) | 2024-07-26 |
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