EP4523084A1 - Secure element mit heap-speicher - Google Patents
Secure element mit heap-speicherInfo
- Publication number
- EP4523084A1 EP4523084A1 EP23726272.0A EP23726272A EP4523084A1 EP 4523084 A1 EP4523084 A1 EP 4523084A1 EP 23726272 A EP23726272 A EP 23726272A EP 4523084 A1 EP4523084 A1 EP 4523084A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- volatile
- heap
- heap memory
- memory
- session
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
- G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
- G06F9/44—Arrangements for executing specific programs
- G06F9/448—Execution paradigms, e.g. implementations of programming paradigms
- G06F9/4488—Object-oriented
- G06F9/4493—Object persistence
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
- G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
- G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
- G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
- G06K19/073—Special arrangements for circuits, e.g. for protecting identification code in memory
- G06K19/07309—Means for preventing undesired reading or writing from or onto record carriers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F12/00—Accessing, addressing or allocating within memory systems or architectures
- G06F12/02—Addressing or allocation; Relocation
- G06F12/0223—User address space allocation, e.g. contiguous or non contiguous base addressing
- G06F12/023—Free address space management
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F12/00—Accessing, addressing or allocating within memory systems or architectures
- G06F12/02—Addressing or allocation; Relocation
- G06F12/08—Addressing or allocation; Relocation in hierarchically structured memory systems, e.g. virtual memory systems
- G06F12/0802—Addressing of a memory level in which the access to the desired data or data block requires associative addressing means, e.g. caches
- G06F12/0875—Addressing of a memory level in which the access to the desired data or data block requires associative addressing means, e.g. caches with dedicated cache, e.g. instruction or stack
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F12/00—Accessing, addressing or allocating within memory systems or architectures
- G06F12/14—Protection against unauthorised use of memory or access to memory
- G06F12/1416—Protection against unauthorised use of memory or access to memory by checking the object accessibility, e.g. type of access defined by the memory independently of subject rights
- G06F12/1425—Protection against unauthorised use of memory or access to memory by checking the object accessibility, e.g. type of access defined by the memory independently of subject rights the protection being physical, e.g. cell, word, block
- G06F12/1441—Protection against unauthorised use of memory or access to memory by checking the object accessibility, e.g. type of access defined by the memory independently of subject rights the protection being physical, e.g. cell, word, block for a range
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2212/00—Indexing scheme relating to accessing, addressing or allocation within memory systems or architectures
- G06F2212/10—Providing a specific technical effect
- G06F2212/1052—Security improvement
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2212/00—Indexing scheme relating to accessing, addressing or allocation within memory systems or architectures
- G06F2212/10—Providing a specific technical effect
- G06F2212/1056—Simplification
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2212/00—Indexing scheme relating to accessing, addressing or allocation within memory systems or architectures
- G06F2212/15—Use in a specific computing environment
- G06F2212/151—Emulated environment, e.g. virtual machine
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2212/00—Indexing scheme relating to accessing, addressing or allocation within memory systems or architectures
- G06F2212/20—Employing a main memory using a specific memory technology
- G06F2212/205—Hybrid memory, e.g. using both volatile and non-volatile memory
Definitions
- the invention relates to secure elements, in particular a JavaCard-based microprocessor device.
- JavaCard is a reduced version of the Java programming language that specifically takes into account the limitations of secure elements such as smart cards or differently shaped or packaged tamper-proof security chips.
- Examples of secure elements are payment cards and virtualized payment cards stored in software.
- Further examples of secure elements are subscriber identity modules or subscriber identity modules - SIMs - of any form factor, in particular SIM cards or UICCs, solderable eUlCCs, iUICCs integrated into a chipset.
- a JavaCard-based microprocessor device in the form of a chip card is commonly referred to as a JavaCard, as the original form factor of such a secure element.
- JCCRE_3-l_Feb-2O21 - Java CardTM Platform Runtime Environment Specification, Classic Edition, Version 3.1, February 2021 is one of the basic specifications for JavaCard technology.
- the document [1] addresses secure elements, such as smart cards and other forgery-proof security chips (preface “Preface”).
- JCCRE_3-1 discloses that JavaCard objects are generally created on a persistent heap memory that is retained when the JavaCard is reset (see Chapter 2 - Lifetime of the Java Card Virtual Machine, and Chapter
- document [1] JCCRE_3-1, Chapter 5 also discloses two types of non-persistent objects, namely transient objects in Chapter 5.1 and temporary objects in Chapter 5.2. temporary objects"), in particular Array Views (Chapter 5.3) as a special case of temporary objects.
- transient objects in Chapter 5.1
- temporary objects temporary objects
- Array Views Chapter 5.3
- JCCRE_3-1 mentions two types of transient objects, namely CLEAR_ON_RESET transient objects and CLEAR_ON_DESELECT transient objects.
- the headers of transient objects are stored on the heap memory of the Secure Element, which is provided in the non-volatile memory NVM (e.g. EEPROM).
- NVM non-volatile memory
- a transient object is to be completely removed, it is not sufficient to trigger the required event, such as deselecting the applet containing the object, or resetting the secure element.
- the Header in the non-volatile heap memory remains even after a deselect or reset, and must be actively eliminated if necessary, for example using a garbage collection mechanism.
- the temporary objects according to Chapter 5.2, 5.3 are short-lived objects that can only be referenced by the current program execution flow, and can only be referenced as local variables by the execution stack. It follows that only a very limited number of objects can be created as temporary objects, namely (i) some special entry point objects, (ii) Global Arrays, and (iii) Array Views.
- US7702872B2 discloses a secure element comprising a virtual machine implemented in a non-volatile system memory, as well as a non-volatile application memory and a volatile memory, and further a variable storage area for global variables provided in a volatile memory.
- the invention is based on the object of creating a secure element that has a storage architecture that enables efficient management, in particular creation and/or deletion, of objects that are only needed temporarily.
- the secure element according to claim 1 comprises: - a virtual machine; - a non-volatile heap memory set up in a non-volatile memory and designed to persistently store objects; and - volatile memory designed to store data non-persistently.
- the secure element is characterized by: a volatile heap memory set up in volatile memory, which contains at least one volatile heap memory segment that is designed to only store objects for a maximum of a time-limited duration of a session of the volatile heap memory segment to keep stored.
- the session is limited in time by a start and an end of the session. Has an object on the volatile heap memory segment a limited lifespan corresponding to the time-limited duration of the session.
- Object headers are stored in heap memory and therefore traditionally in non-volatile heap memory.
- the volatile heap memory set up in the volatile main memory according to the invention enables not only data fields of objects, but also object headers of objects, to be stored in the volatile memory. This means that not only the data fields but also the object headers of an object are created fleetingly. More precisely, the lifespan of the entire object, including object data fields and object headers, can be set with a lifespan limited to the duration of a session. The lifetime of an entire object can be limited even more precisely according to the session properties of the volatile heap memory segment on which the object header is created. It is no longer necessary to explicitly delete object headers of volatile objects created in this way.
- a secure element is created that has a storage architecture that enables efficient management, in particular creation and/or deletion, of objects that are only needed temporarily.
- An object in connection with the invention preferably comprises an object header and one or more object data fields.
- the volatile heap memory or the volatile heap memory segment of the volatile heap memory is then set up to store both the object header and the object data fields of an object.
- the limited duration of a session of the volatile heap memory segment of the volatile heap memory affects both the object header and the object data fields of an object. This means that the entire object has a uniform, limited lifespan that is limited to the duration of the session.
- the volatile heap memory can be set up in whole or in part as:
- RAM heap volatile heap memory
- an activation of the or a volatile heap memory segment in particular activation by an application, or alternatively by the operating system or otherwise.
- start and end of a session are effected by similar events, for example: -Start by starting and ending by resetting (or shutting down) the Secure Element; - Start by selecting and end by deselecting an application; - Start by activating and end by deactivating a volatile heap memory segment.
- start and end of a session are caused by different types of events, for example: - Start by selecting an application and end by resetting (or shutting down) the Secure Element.
- the volatile heap memory is segmented into at least two, or more, volatile heap memory segments, with at least some of the volatile heap memory segments having different time-limited durations of a session of the volatile heap memory segment and corresponding different lifetimes of objects on the respective volatile heap memory segment.
- This embodiment of the invention enables targeted creation of complete objects with different lifespans by creating the objects on volatile heap memory segments with different session durations. For example, a first object is created on a first volatile heap memory segment, which is designed as a clear-on-reset heap, so that the first object is only deleted when the secure element is reset, comprising, according to the invention, deletion of data fields and header of the first object.
- a second object is created on a second volatile heap memory segment, which is designed as a clear-on-deselect heap, so that the second object is deleted when the application in which the object is contained is deselected, according to the invention comprehensively deleting data fields and headers of the second object.
- the second object is also deleted if the Secure Element is reset without first deselecting the application, either by a targeted reset or by accidentally interrupting and restoring the power supply.
- the volatile heap memory segments, or each volatile heap memory segment are designed so that references to an object stored in the respective volatile heap memory segment are stored only in that volatile heap memory segment can in which the object itself is stored.
- the reference would be stored on a different heap memory segment that has a longer session duration than the heap memory segment on the If the object referenced by the reference lies, the reference would remain alive longer than the object, thus leaving behind a dangling reference.
- the Secure Element is optionally designed as a JavaCard-based microprocessor device.
- the objects are JavaCard objects
- heaps are JavaCard heaps, but in the case of volatile heaps, they are stored in volatile memory.
- the secure element can be designed as: payment card, virtual payment card, mobile phone subscriber identity module (SIM; e.g. eUlCC, UICC, SIM card, etc.), ID module (passport, ID card), health card.
- SIM mobile phone subscriber identity module
- ID module passport, ID card
- each volatile heap memory segment has a segment size, and for at least some or all of the volatile heap memory segments, the segment size may be changed during the lifetime of the heap memory segment.
- This embodiment of a volatile heap memory segment allows the segment size to be flexibly adapted to the current memory requirement, thereby consuming as little memory space as possible on the one hand and providing enough memory space on the other.
- An object optionally has an object size, with the object size including the data fields and the header.
- the segment size of the volatile heap memory segment is set equal to the object size. If the object size is changed, for example by adding or removing data fields, then the segment size of the volatile heap memory segment is also changed in accordance with the changed object size.
- the secure element further includes an object stored in the volatile heap, which includes an object header and object data fields stored in the volatile heap.
- the secure element further comprises a transient object that includes an object header stored in the non-volatile heap memory and that includes one or more data fields stored in the volatile heap memory, so that in particular the transient object as Root object serves or can serve for objects stored in the volatile heap memory.
- the Header stored because the header has been stored in non-volatile traditional heap memory.
- a method for memory management in a secure element that includes a virtual machine, a non-volatile memory and a volatile main memory includes creating, on a heap memory of the secure element, an object that includes an object header and object data.
- the method is characterized in that the object is created on a volatile heap memory segment: - which is contained in a volatile heap memory set up in the volatile main memory; and - on which the object is kept stored only for a maximum of the time-limited duration of a session of the volatile heap memory segment, the session being time-limited by a start and an end of the session, so that the object is stored on the volatile heap memory segment.
- Memory segment has a limited lifespan corresponding to the time-limited duration of the session.
- the method is optionally applied so that at least two, or more, objects on at least two or more volatile heap memory segments of the volatile heap memory are created, with at least some of the volatile heap memory segments having different durations of the session of the volatile heap memory segment, so that objects with different limited lifespans are created on the respective volatile heap memory segment.
- heap memory segments with variable segment sizes can optionally be created, as already described above.
- the object is created on a volatile heap memory segment in one of the following ways:
- the created object is created by a creating object, whereby the creating object is optionally designed as one of the following:
- Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a heap memory arrangement of a secure element, according to an embodiment of the invention.
- Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a heap memory arrangement of a secure element, according to an embodiment of the invention.
- the following pattern coding is used in Fig. 1.
- Free memory areas are shown in white.
- Memory areas occupied by object data are shown in dotted lines.
- Memory areas occupied by object headers are shown in stripes.
- the heap memory arrangement of the secure element includes a non-volatile heap memory, NVM heap, which can optionally be designed like a non-volatile heap memory known from the prior art, and a volatile main memory RAM.
- the non-volatile heap memory, NVM heap is designed to store persistent objects P, where both the object header H and the object data D are in object data fields in the non-volatile heap memory, NVM heap , are stored.
- a persistent object P in the non-volatile heap memory, NVM heap is schematically indicated by an oval P.
- the non-volatile heap memory, NVM heap can also work in conjunction with the main memory, RAM, to store transient data in which the object header is stored in the non-volatile heap memory, NVM heap, and the Object data is stored in the object data fields in the volatile main memory RAM.
- two transient objects T are schematically indicated, in which the object header is stored in the non-volatile heap memory, NVM heap, and the object data or object data fields are stored in a largely arbitrary available area of the volatile main memory RAM are.
- the secure element further has a volatile heap memory, RAM heap, set up in the volatile main memory RAM, which is set up to store entire objects and not just parts of objects such as only the object data fields the object data or just the object headers.
- the volatile heap memory, RAM heap, shown in FIG. 1 is segmented into several heap memory segments SI, S2, S3, ... Sn.
- the term volatile object is introduced here, which refers to an object in which both the object data and the object header are stored in the volatile heap memory, RAM heap, according to the invention.
- An oval V indicates a volatile object, whose object data fields with the object data, as well as the object headers, are both stored in the volatile heap memory, RAM heap, more precisely in a heap memory segment Sl.
- a small section of the volatile main memory RAM is shown schematically to illustrate the one transient object T, with a free area (white) and one occupied by object data Area (dotted).
- a second transient object has an object header in the non-volatile heap memory, NVM heap, and object data (object data fields) in a heap memory segment S3 of the volatile heap memory, RAM heap.
- JCCRE_3-1 JCCRE_3-l_Feb-2021 - Java CardTM Platform Runtime Environment Specification, Classic Edition, Version 3.1, February 2021
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Software Systems (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Memory System (AREA)
- Information Retrieval, Db Structures And Fs Structures Therefor (AREA)
- Storage Device Security (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102022001682.6A DE102022001682A1 (de) | 2022-05-12 | 2022-05-12 | Secure Element mit Heap-Speicher |
| PCT/EP2023/025218 WO2023217412A1 (de) | 2022-05-12 | 2023-05-09 | Secure element mit heap-speicher |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4523084A1 true EP4523084A1 (de) | 2025-03-19 |
Family
ID=86604013
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23726272.0A Pending EP4523084A1 (de) | 2022-05-12 | 2023-05-09 | Secure element mit heap-speicher |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20250342334A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP4523084A1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN119173851A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102022001682A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2023217412A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0955577B1 (de) * | 1998-05-04 | 2011-11-30 | International Business Machines Corporation | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Erzeugen eines Objektes in einem nicht dauerhaften Speicher und/oder Halten des Zugangs zu besagtem Objekt |
| DE10320062A1 (de) | 2003-05-06 | 2004-12-16 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Speicherverwaltung bei einem tragbaren Datenträger |
| DE10357257A1 (de) | 2003-12-08 | 2005-06-30 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Java Smart Card Chip mit für globale Variablen reserviertem Speicherbereich |
| DE102004062245A1 (de) * | 2004-12-23 | 2006-07-13 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Verwaltung von Datenobjekten in einem nichtflüchtigen überschreibbaren Speicher |
| US20070016628A1 (en) * | 2005-07-14 | 2007-01-18 | Lenevo (Singapore) Pte.Ltd. | Classification system for versionable objects |
| EP2535832B1 (de) * | 2011-06-17 | 2017-04-26 | Simulity Labs Ltd | Verfahren für den Betrieb einer virtuellen Maschine auf einem Dateisystem |
| CA2753626C (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2019-05-07 | Ibm Canada Limited - Ibm Canada Limitee | Packed data objects |
| US10747645B2 (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2020-08-18 | Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc | Selectively tracing portions of computer process execution |
| US10645000B1 (en) * | 2018-06-03 | 2020-05-05 | Juniper Networks, Inc | Apparatus, system, and method for improving convergence across virtual control and forwarding planes within network devices |
-
2022
- 2022-05-12 DE DE102022001682.6A patent/DE102022001682A1/de not_active Ceased
-
2023
- 2023-05-09 US US18/864,653 patent/US20250342334A1/en active Pending
- 2023-05-09 EP EP23726272.0A patent/EP4523084A1/de active Pending
- 2023-05-09 CN CN202380038711.5A patent/CN119173851A/zh active Pending
- 2023-05-09 WO PCT/EP2023/025218 patent/WO2023217412A1/de not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20250342334A1 (en) | 2025-11-06 |
| WO2023217412A1 (de) | 2023-11-16 |
| CN119173851A (zh) | 2024-12-20 |
| DE102022001682A1 (de) | 2023-11-16 |
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