EP4522481A1 - Anordnung zur belüftung eines schienenfahrzeugraums - Google Patents
Anordnung zur belüftung eines schienenfahrzeugraumsInfo
- Publication number
- EP4522481A1 EP4522481A1 EP23734157.3A EP23734157A EP4522481A1 EP 4522481 A1 EP4522481 A1 EP 4522481A1 EP 23734157 A EP23734157 A EP 23734157A EP 4522481 A1 EP4522481 A1 EP 4522481A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- room
- air
- rail vehicle
- arrangement according
- verfl
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D27/00—Heating, cooling, ventilating, or air-conditioning
- B61D27/0018—Air-conditioning means, i.e. combining at least two of the following ways of treating or supplying air, namely heating, cooling or ventilating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61C—LOCOMOTIVES; MOTOR RAILCARS
- B61C17/00—Arrangement or disposition of parts; Details or accessories not otherwise provided for; Use of control gear and control systems
- B61C17/04—Arrangement or disposition of driving cabins, footplates or engine rooms; Ventilation thereof
Definitions
- the invention relates to an arrangement for ventilation of a room in a rail vehicle in order to provide a possible ventilation in this room. to reduce harmful concentration of a gas.
- it can be a hydrogen concentration in a room of a rail vehicle if the rail vehicle has a hydrogen-based drive,
- refrigerant example is described in more detail using an example of a driver's cab FR of a rail vehicle with the help of FIG.
- the driver's compartment FR is cooled with the help of a refrigeration machine based on a so-called "cold steam process".
- the refrigeration machine has, as ring-shaped components connected to one another, a compressor VERDI, an evaporator VERDA, an expansion valve ENTSP, a condenser VERFL and a refrigerant KM, which the components flows through a pipe system in different aggregate states.
- the evaporator VERDA is coupled to the driver's cab FR to extract heat from it - i.e. H . it is either arranged in the driver's cab or it is arranged externally to the driver's cab FR and connected to it via an intermediate circuit ZWK, which is designed, for example, as a heat exchanger.
- the driver's cab FR is connected to the environment of the rail vehicle via a ventilation system, so that fresh air FRIL from the environment reaches the driver's cab FR and is mixed there with recirculated air UML from the driver's cab FR.
- the air supply and the mixture are preferably supported by a first fan VENT11, which is arranged in the driver's compartment FR.
- a second fan VENT12 is provided for the same purpose.
- the mixed air is cooled via the coupling with the VERDA evaporator, i.e. H .
- Heat is extracted from the mixed air with the help of the intermediate circuit ZWK and/or the evaporator VERDA. supplied to the coolant KM.
- the coolant KM evaporates and passes from the evaporator VERDA to the compressor VERDI.
- the gaseous refrigerant KM is brought to a higher pressure level and to a higher temperature level.
- the gaseous refrigerant KM then passes from the compressor VERDI to the condenser VERFL, which is arranged in its own room RA.
- the gaseous refrigerant KM is condensed in the condenser VERFL.
- the heat released is transferred to the room air in room RA and reaches the environment of the rail vehicle via an exhaust air ABL in room RA.
- the room RA is arranged in the front area of the rail vehicle.
- the liquefied refrigerant KM passes from the condenser VERFL to the expansion valve ENTSP. There the liquid refrigerant KM is “relaxed”, i.e. pressure is reduced and thus the temperature level of the refrigerant KM is lowered.
- the liquid refrigerant KM then passes from the expansion valve ENTSP to the evaporator VERDA and the cooling circuit described begins again.
- the mixed air cooled in the driver's cab FR is referred to as supply air ZUL and distributed in the driver's cab FR. Part of the supply air ZUL returns to the environment as so-called exhaust air FOL from the driver's cab FR via a ventilation system.
- the room RA with the condenser VERFL is structurally separate from the driver's room FR and is connected to the environment of the rail vehicle via a ventilation system.
- This ventilation system is designed in such a way that intake air ANSL originating from the environment is passed through the condenser VERFL and returns to the environment of the rail vehicle as exhaust air ABL.
- This air flow is preferably supported by a first fan VENT21, which is arranged in room RE.
- a first fan VENT21 which is arranged in room RE.
- another fan VENT22 is provided for the same purpose in room RE.
- individual components of the refrigeration machine can be arranged in different locations or rooms of the rail vehicle, which may be. neither coincide with the driver's compartment FR nor with the room RA.
- HFO-1234yf a refrigerant in the refrigeration machine.
- this refrigerant In its gaseous state, this refrigerant is a flammable, colorless gas with a weak odor and has the disadvantage that it can escape unnoticed. In addition, it forms There is a persistent, environmentally harmful acid in the (air) atmosphere of a room, namely trifluoroacetic acid.
- propane is also known to use propane as a refrigerant. Propane burns cleanly and does not form a persistent acid when escaping, but does form a highly explosive mixture with air.
- a safety consideration or a risk assessment is required. For a positive risk assessment, it must be ensured that in the event of minor leaks in components of the refrigeration machine, there is one in the room the average gas concentration is only at a low level or falls below a predetermined gas concentration level.
- this is achieved by continuously passing large quantities of intake air ANSL through the room RA, regardless of whether the refrigeration machine is in operation or not.
- the invention relates to an arrangement for ventilation of a room in a rail vehicle, the rail vehicle additionally having a passenger lounge.
- a driver's compartment of the rail vehicle is particularly suitable as a passenger lounge.
- the room to be ventilated contains a component that, in the event of a leak, releases a gas concentration in this room.
- the passenger lounge is connected to the environment of the rail vehicle via a ventilation system, so that fresh air from the environment reaches the passenger lounge, where it is mixed with circulating air present in the passenger lounge and is subsequently distributed as supply air in the passenger lounge.
- Unidirectional here means that the exhaust air is led or is led in only one direction, namely from the people's lounge into the room.
- non-return valve which is, for example, an integrated part of the air line.
- the component arranged in space is an example
- the refrigeration machine carries out cooling with the aid of a cold steam process.
- the refrigeration machine has a compressor, an evaporator, an expansion valve, a condenser and the refrigerant as components connected to one another in a ring, with the refrigerant flowing through the components via a line system in different aggregate states.
- the condenser of the refrigeration machine forms the component arranged in the room.
- further components of the refrigeration machine are also arranged in the room.
- the evaporator is also arranged in the room.
- the evaporator is coupled to the people's lounge - i.e. H .
- the evaporator is at least partially arranged in the people's lounge or the evaporator is arranged externally to the people's lounge, but is connected to the people's lounge via an intermediate circuit.
- the components of the refrigeration machine which are connected to one another in a ring, are designed like this:
- the room is structurally and/or spatially separated from the people's lounge.
- the space is arranged in the front area of the rail vehicle.
- the room is connected to the environment of the rail vehicle via a ventilation system, so that the room is ventilated.
- the ventilation system is
- Intake air is passed over the component of the room.
- the exhaust air enters the environment of the rail vehicle as exhaust air either alone or together with the intake air.
- the supply of exhaust air into the room is designed as a continuous supply, so that if the ventilation system of the room is inactive, the reduction of the gas concentration in the room or ensuring the specified gas concentration in this room is ensured via the exhaust air.
- the ventilation system of the room is designed in such a way that the intake air coming from the environment is guided via the condenser for heat transfer, so that heat from the coolant is transferred to the intake air via the condenser.
- the present invention achieves minimal ventilation of a room in a rail vehicle using simple means and with little effort. This minimal ventilation is sufficient to ensure that there is no room in this room. existing or to reduce the resulting critical gas concentration to a negligible level.
- the present invention supports the use of a flammable refrigerant in a refrigeration machine of a rail vehicle: a room that is considered critical is ventilated using simple means, regardless of whether a ventilation system intended for this room is operated or not.
- the present invention reduces or eliminates the previously necessary continuous operation of components (e.g. filters, fans, line components, housing parts, etc.) of the room's ventilation system. avoided.
- the present invention ensures that, in the case of smaller leaks, a clear safety margin between the gas concentration and a lower explosion limit is set and maintained.
- the present invention makes it possible to dispense with an explicit risk assessment for a room. Accordingly, cost savings are achieved.
- the present invention ensures a decoupling of the passenger lounge or of the driver's cab from the room with regard to the gas concentration.
- the special distribution of the components of the refrigeration machine prevents the flammable refrigerant from entering the passenger lounge in the event of leaks.
- the present invention enables sustainable use of an environmentally friendly but flammable refrigerant. its application simplified.
- the invention is explained in more detail below using a drawing as an example. This shows:
- FIG. 1 shows an overview of the arrangement according to the invention using a rail vehicle that has a refrigeration machine
- FIG. 1 shows an overview of the arrangement according to the invention using a rail vehicle that has a refrigeration machine.
- a driver's cab FR is cooled as a passenger lounge with the help of the refrigeration machine on the basis of a so-called "cold steam process".
- the refrigeration machine has, as ring-shaped components connected to one another, a compressor VERDI, an evaporator VERDA, an expansion valve ENTSP, a condenser VERFL and a refrigerant KM, which flows through the components via a pipe system in different aggregate states.
- the evaporator VERDA is coupled to the driver's cab FR to extract heat from it - i.e. H . it is either arranged in the driver's cab or it is arranged externally to the driver's cab FR and connected to it via an intermediate circuit ZWK, which is designed, for example, as a heat exchanger.
- the driver's cab FR is connected to the environment of the rail vehicle via a ventilation system, so that fresh air FRIL from the environment reaches the driver's cab FR and is mixed there with recirculated air UML from the driver's cab FR.
- the air supply and the mixture are preferably supported by a first fan VENT11, which is arranged in the driver's cab FR.
- a second fan VENT12 is provided for the same purpose.
- the room RA is arranged in the front area of the rail vehicle.
- the liquefied refrigerant KM passes from the condenser VERFL to the expansion valve ENTSP. There the liquid refrigerant KM is “relaxed”, i.e. pressure is reduced and thus the temperature level of the refrigerant KM is lowered.
- the liquid refrigerant KM then passes from the expansion valve ENTSP to the evaporator VERDA and the cooling circuit described begins again.
- the room RA with the condenser VERFL is structurally separate from the driver's room FR and is connected to the environment of the rail vehicle via a ventilation system.
- This ventilation system is designed in such a way that intake air ANSL from the environment is passed through the condenser VERFL and returns to the environment of the rail vehicle as exhaust air ABL.
- This air flow is preferably supported by a first fan VENT21, which is arranged in room RE.
- a first fan VENT21 which is arranged in room RE.
- another fan VENT22 is provided for the same purpose in room RE.
- individual components of the refrigeration machine can be arranged in different locations or rooms of the rail vehicle, which may be. neither coincide with the driver's compartment FR nor with the room RA.
- the mixed air cooled in the driver's cab FR is referred to as supply air ZUL and distributed in the driver's cab FR.
- Part of the supply air ZUL is routed as so-called exhaust air FOL from the driver's compartment FR via an air duct LUFTFL into the room RA.
- the air duct LUFTFL connects the driver's compartment FR with the room RA as an air duct.
- This air supply line LUFTFL is designed in such a way that part of the supply air ZUL is taken from the driver's compartment FR as exhaust air FOL and guided in a unidirectional direction into the room RA in order to provide a possible. to reduce existing gas concentration.
- FIG. 2 shows some details of the arrangement according to the invention shown in FIG. 1.
- the evaporator VERDA is part of the driver's compartment FR, while the components VERDI, VERFL and ENTSP of the refrigeration machine are arranged within the room RA.
- the fresh air FRIL is preferably mixed with the circulating air UML within an air treatment device LUFTB, which has a duct-shaped system for air guidance.
- the fresh air FRIL is sucked in via a first channel KANI of the air treatment device LUFTB, while the circulating air UML is sucked in via a second channel KAN2 of the air treatment device LUFTB.
- the fresh air FRIL and the circulating air UML are mixed with one another via a connection between the two channels KANI and KAN2 and reach the evaporator VERDA via a third channel KAN3 of the air treatment device LUFTB via the fan VENT11 arranged there.
- the evaporator VERDA is arranged in the third channel KAN3 after the fan VENT11.
- the VERDA evaporator extracts heat from the mixed air supplied. cools it down.
- the cooled air then returns to the driver's cab FR as supply air ZUL via the third channel KAN3.
- the supply air ZUL is heated again and reaches the air treatment device LUFTB as recirculated air UML.
- Heat is removed from the coolant KM via the condenser VERFL and reaches the environment of the rail vehicle from the room RA with the help of the drain ABL.
- the room RA is preferably arranged adjacent to the driver's compartment, with only and exclusively the following connections being provided between the driver's compartment FR and the room RA:
- the exhaust air FOL is taken from the driver's cab FR preferably with the help of a fan VENT13, which is arranged in the driver's cab FR.
- the exhaust air forms FOL, if necessary. together with the intake air ANSL, the room air of the room RA, which is thus flushed through.
- the purging carried out by the exhaust air FOL is carried out continuously and regardless of whether the intake air ANSL enters the room RA, whether it only reaches the room RA in a reduced form or whether it does not enter the room RA.
- a check valve CLEAR is preferably arranged integrated within the air duct LUFTFL. This prevents predetermined or unfavorable pressure conditions Air contaminated with coolant KM passes from room RA into the driver's cabin FR.
- the described spatial separation of the components of the refrigeration machine ensures that, if necessary. Leaks that occur in the refrigeration machine are limited to room RA.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102022206423.2A DE102022206423A1 (de) | 2022-06-27 | 2022-06-27 | Anordnung zur Belüftung eines Schienenfahrzeugraums |
| PCT/EP2023/065842 WO2024002684A1 (de) | 2022-06-27 | 2023-06-13 | Anordnung zur belüftung eines schienenfahrzeugraums |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4522481A1 true EP4522481A1 (de) | 2025-03-19 |
| EP4522481B1 EP4522481B1 (de) | 2026-03-25 |
Family
ID=87047935
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23734157.3A Active EP4522481B1 (de) | 2022-06-27 | 2023-06-13 | Anordnung zur belüftung eines schienenfahrzeugraums |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20250388244A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP4522481B1 (de) |
| CA (1) | CA3260627A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102022206423A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2024002684A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102024204164A1 (de) * | 2024-05-06 | 2025-11-20 | Siemens Mobility GmbH | Kälteanlage |
| DE102024210646A1 (de) | 2024-11-06 | 2026-05-07 | Siemens Mobility GmbH | Anordnung zum Austausch eines gasförmigen Mediums |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102010062660A1 (de) * | 2010-12-08 | 2012-06-14 | Bombardier Transportation Gmbh | Schienenfahrzeug mit einem Maschinenraum sowie mit mindestens einem Führerraum sowie Verfahren zur Erzeugung eines Überdrucks im Maschinenraum in Verbindungmit einer Klimatisierung mindestens eines Führerraumes |
| PL4087765T3 (pl) * | 2020-03-12 | 2024-03-18 | Siemens Mobility GmbH | Pojazd do przewozu osób |
-
2022
- 2022-06-27 DE DE102022206423.2A patent/DE102022206423A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2023
- 2023-06-13 US US18/879,385 patent/US20250388244A1/en active Pending
- 2023-06-13 EP EP23734157.3A patent/EP4522481B1/de active Active
- 2023-06-13 WO PCT/EP2023/065842 patent/WO2024002684A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2023-06-13 CA CA3260627A patent/CA3260627A1/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20250388244A1 (en) | 2025-12-25 |
| EP4522481B1 (de) | 2026-03-25 |
| WO2024002684A1 (de) | 2024-01-04 |
| CA3260627A1 (en) | 2025-06-13 |
| DE102022206423A1 (de) | 2023-12-28 |
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