EP4482804A1 - Matériau comprenant un revêtement contrôle solaire - Google Patents
Matériau comprenant un revêtement contrôle solaireInfo
- Publication number
- EP4482804A1 EP4482804A1 EP23708264.9A EP23708264A EP4482804A1 EP 4482804 A1 EP4482804 A1 EP 4482804A1 EP 23708264 A EP23708264 A EP 23708264A EP 4482804 A1 EP4482804 A1 EP 4482804A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- layers
- refractive index
- material according
- coating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
- C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
- C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
- C03C17/3602—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
- C03C17/3644—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer the metal being silver
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
- C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
- C03C17/3602—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
- C03C17/3618—Coatings of type glass/inorganic compound/other inorganic layers, at least one layer being metallic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
- C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
- C03C17/3602—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
- C03C17/3626—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer one layer at least containing a nitride, oxynitride, boronitride or carbonitride
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
- C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
- C03C17/3602—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
- C03C17/3657—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer the multilayer coating having optical properties
- C03C17/366—Low-emissivity or solar control coatings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
- C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
- C03C17/3602—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
- C03C17/3681—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer the multilayer coating being used in glazing, e.g. windows or windscreens
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
- C03C2217/20—Materials for coating a single layer on glass
- C03C2217/21—Oxides
- C03C2217/212—TiO2
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
- C03C2217/20—Materials for coating a single layer on glass
- C03C2217/21—Oxides
- C03C2217/213—SiO2
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
- C03C2217/20—Materials for coating a single layer on glass
- C03C2217/25—Metals
- C03C2217/251—Al, Cu, Mg or noble metals
- C03C2217/254—Noble metals
- C03C2217/256—Ag
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
- C03C2217/20—Materials for coating a single layer on glass
- C03C2217/28—Other inorganic materials
- C03C2217/281—Nitrides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
- C03C2217/70—Properties of coatings
- C03C2217/73—Anti-reflective coatings with specific characteristics
- C03C2217/734—Anti-reflective coatings with specific characteristics comprising an alternation of high and low refractive indexes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of glazing, and relates more particularly to laminated glazing intended for aeronautics, in particular glazing for cockpits.
- Glazing for cockpits are complex systems that fulfill multiple roles. They provide physical, acoustic and thermal protection against the external environment.
- Laminated glazing comprises two or more glass substrates linked together by means of polymer spacers, also called lamination spacers.
- Glazing for aeronautics preferably comprises two or three substrates.
- the faces of a glazing are designated from the outside by numbering the faces of the substrates from the outside towards the inside of the passenger compartment or of the room which it equips. This means that the incident sunlight passes through the faces in increasing order of their number.
- face 4 is inside the building or vehicle and therefore constitutes the interior wall of the glazing.
- faces 4 and 5 are in contact with the second lamination insert and face 6 is inside the building or vehicle and therefore constitutes the interior wall of the glazing.
- Laminated glazing for aeronautics preferably has a structure of the first substrate/first polymer interlayer/second substrate/second polymer interlayer/third substrate type structure.
- These laminated glazings may also comprise coatings conferring additional functionalities.
- at least one of the substrates can be coated with a heating coating with a defrosting function comprising an electrically conductive layer.
- These electrically conductive layers can be based on oxide such as indium oxide doped with tin (ITO).
- these glazings must necessarily have high light transmission and low absorption.
- these "substrates”, “spacers” and “functional coatings” constituting the glazing can allow the visible part of the solar spectrum to pass into the cockpit, they also allow most infrared radiation to pass. This results in excessive heating of the cockpit and a rise in its temperature which must be compensated by an energy-intensive air conditioning system.
- the “solar control” function or property corresponds to the ability of a glazing to let in visible light while blocking infrared radiation.
- the selectivity “s”, the solar factor (FS or g) and the energy transmission (Te) make it possible to evaluate this property.
- the solar factor “FS or g” corresponds to the ratio in % between the total energy entering the room through the glazing and the incident solar energy. The solar factor therefore measures the contribution of glazing to warming the “room”.
- the energy transmission corresponds to the percentage of the flow of solar energy transmitted directly through the glazed wall.
- the solar control function therefore corresponds to a strong reduction in the energy transmission (TE) and the solar factor (g) of the glazing associated with a slight reduction in the light transmission (TL).
- the applicant has developed a solar control coating particularly suitable for use in laminated cockpit glazing.
- the solar control coating in particular makes it possible to obtain the best compromise between low absorption and light transmission and high selectivity.
- the coating of the invention makes it possible in particular to obtain selectivity values which cannot usually be obtained with a coating with a single layer of silver. Indeed, selectivities greater than 1.5, or even greater than 1.6 can be obtained. The selectivity is high compared to the absorption tolerance.
- This cladding was designed to be integrated into a laminated cockpit glazing structure.
- the coating of the invention is suitable for any application where high light transmission and high selectivity are desired, in particular with a functional coating with a single layer of silver.
- the invention therefore relates to a material comprising a substrate coated with a solar control coating comprising a single functional metallic layer based on silver placed between two dielectric coatings, each dielectric coating comprising at least a succession of three dielectric layers qualified as a layer of upper refractive index, lower refractive index layer and refractive index layer higher, each having a thickness greater than 5 nm, the refractive index variation of which between two successive layers is greater than 0.25, greater than 0.30, greater than 0.40, greater than 0.50, greater than 0.60, greater than 0.70, or greater than 0.80, the lower refractive index layer has the lower refractive index and is between the two higher refractive index layers.
- the solar control coating of the invention is a coating based on a single layer of silver optimized to have high selectivity, in particular when it is used in glazing in contact with two media with close indices (substrate and interlayer of leafing). It provides high light transmission and selectivity as well as low absorption.
- the solar control coating comprises a single functional metallic layer.
- functional qualifying “functional layer” means “capable of acting on solar radiation and/or infrared radiation”. This means that the solar control coating does not include other layers whose main function is to reflect infrared radiation.
- the solar control coating does not comprise any metal layers other than the silver-based functional metal layer having a significant thickness, that is to say other metal layers of at least 5 nm, preferably of at least 4 nm, or even at least 2 nm.
- the solar control coating does not include a metallic layer thicker than 5 nm other than the only functional silver-based metallic layer.
- the solar control coating does not comprise a metal layer with a thickness greater than 8 nm, or even greater than 10 nm, other than the single functional metal layer based on silver.
- the absorption on clear glass of a silver-based two-layer functional solar control coating is generally greater than 12%. This is notably due to the presence of at least four “metal/dielectric” interfaces which each necessarily generate absorption.
- the invention is therefore voluntarily limited to coatings comprising a single functional layer based on silver because they are likely to present light absorption values in the visible range of less than 10% when they are deposited on clear glass.
- the solar control coatings are intended to be used on one side of a substrate in contact with a lamination insert.
- These lamination inserts have a refractive index in the visible substantially equal to that of the mineral or organic substrates on which the control coating is deposited solar.
- the solar control coating is therefore intended to be used directly in contact with two media with substantially equal refractive indices. This influences these characteristics.
- the solar control coating may in particular have a symmetry with respect to the silver layer, in terms of the nature of the dielectric layers constituting the dielectric coatings.
- the solar control coating of the invention is optimized to be more selective than known single-layer silver-based coatings of equivalent light transmission.
- it comprises, on each side of the silver layer, sequences "upper refractive index layer // lower refractive index layer // upper refractive index layer".
- the "//" symbol means that the two layers it separates are not necessarily in contact with each other.
- the lower refractive index layer has the lower refractive index and is between the two upper refractive index layers.
- the presence of these sequences of at least three dielectric layers makes it possible to obtain for the same level of light transmission a better filtering of the infrared. This type of layer sequence lowers the solar factor while maintaining high light transmission and therefore increasing selectivity.
- the variation in refractive index between two successive layers of the succession of three dielectric layers is greater than 0.25, greater than 0.30, greater than 0.40, greater than 0.50, greater than 0.60, greater than 0.70 or greater than 0.80.
- the improvement in selectivity results from the precise control of the effects of optical interference between the different layers making up the coating. This control is obtained by the choice of the nature, the thickness and the sequences of dielectric layers constituting the dielectric coatings.
- the thickness limit set for each of the layers are characteristics necessary to obtain an effect by optical interference. Layers of less than 5 nm are not thick enough to have a significant influence by interference effect on the light transmission.
- the solar control coating further comprises one or more blocking layers located, in contact, below and/or above the functional metal layer, and/or
- the dielectric coating located below the functional metal layer further comprises a layer based on zinc oxide located directly in contact with it or separated by a blocking layer
- - the dielectric coating located above the functional metal layer further comprises a layer based on zinc oxide located directly in contact with it or separated by a blocking layer
- the lower refractive index layer of each dielectric coating has a refractive index lower than 1.7, and/or
- the lower refractive index layer is a layer based on silicon oxide, and/or
- the lower refractive index layer has an optical thickness greater than 75 nm, greater than 90 nm, greater than 100 nm, greater than 120 nm, greater than 130 nm, greater than 150 nm,
- the lower refractive index layer has a thickness greater than 50 nm, greater than 60 nm, greater than 70 nm, greater than 80 nm, greater than 90 nm or greater than 100 nm, and/or
- the lower refractive index layer has a thickness of less than 200 nm, less than 180 nm, less than 170 nm or less than 180 nm, and/or
- the lower refractive index layer has a geometric thickness which is at least 2 times greater, at least 3 times greater, at least 4 times greater or at least 5 times greater than each of the other two layers of upper refractive index, and/or
- the lower refractive index layer has an optical thickness which is at least 2 times greater, at least 3 times greater, less 4 times greater, than each of the other two layers of higher refractive index,
- the dielectric layers of higher refractive index of each dielectric coating are chosen from layers based on silicon nitride, based on zinc and tin oxide, based on zinc oxide or based on titanium oxide, and/or
- the three layers of the succession of layers are in contact with each other, i.e. the first upper refractive layer is in contact with the lower refractive layer and the lower refractive layer is in contact of the second upper refractive layer, and/or
- each dielectric coating comprises, starting from the functional metallic layer, the same succession of three dielectric layers qualified as upper refractive index layer, lower refractive index layer and upper refractive index layer, and/or
- each dielectric coating comprises oxide layers and the sum of the thicknesses of all the oxide layers present in each dielectric coating represents at least 50%, 60% or 70% of the total thickness of the dielectric coating considered, and/ Or
- each dielectric coating comprises layers comprising silicon and the sum of the thicknesses of all the layers comprising silicon present in each dielectric coating represents at least 50%, 60% or 70% of the total thickness of the dielectric coating considered, and/or
- each dielectric coating comprises the same sequence of at least four layers, sequence defined from the silver-based functional metallic layer, preferably the same sequence of at least four layers comprises:
- the substrate is a chemically toughened glass, and/or -.the substrate is a curved glass.
- the invention also relates to a laminated glazing comprising a material according to the invention and at least one second substrate, the material and the second substrate are bonded together via a first lamination insert.
- the solar control coating is preferably positioned on face 2 or 3.
- the first lamination insert is preferably made of polyurethane.
- the laminated glazing may comprise a third substrate bonded to the second substrate or to the material via a second polymer spacer.
- the laminated glazing may also comprise a heating coating comprising an electrically conductive layer, located on one face of a substrate not comprising the solar control coating, preferably on face 2 or face 3.
- the materials and the glazing according to the invention have a selectivity greater than 1.45 or greater than 1.5.
- all substrates are bent and chemically toughened glass.
- the invention also relates to:
- laminated glazing according to the invention as solar control glazing for buildings or vehicles
- refractive indices are measured at a wavelength of 550 nm.
- two elements such as layers or substrates have substantially equal refractive indices, when the absolute value of the difference between the refractive indices of the two materials constituting said layers or substrates at 550 nm is less than or equal to 0.15.
- Upper refractive index layers and lower refractive index layers have different refractive indices.
- two elements such as layers or substrates have different refractive indices, when the absolute value of the difference between the refractive indices of the two materials constituting said layers or substrates at 550 nm is greater than or equal to 0 .25, greater than 0.30, greater than 0.40, greater than 0.50, greater than 0.60, greater than 0.70 or greater than 0.80.
- the thicknesses referred to in this document without further details are physical, real or geometric thicknesses referred to as Ep and are expressed in nanometers (and not optical thicknesses).
- the refractive index being a dimensionless value, we can consider that the unit of the optical thickness is that chosen for the physical thickness.
- the solar control coating is deposited by cathodic sputtering assisted by a magnetic field (magnetron process). According to this advantageous embodiment, all the layers of the coatings are deposited by sputtering assisted by a magnetic field.
- the expression "based on”, used to qualify a material or a layer as to what it or it contains, means that the mass fraction of the constituent which it or it comprises is at least 50%, in particular at least 70%, preferably at least 90%.
- the light transmission corresponds to the transmission of solar radiation in the visible part of the spectrum
- Ordinary clear glass 4 to 6 mm thick has the following light characteristics:
- the solar control coating consists of a single functional metallic layer based on silver.
- the silver-based metallic functional layers comprise at least 95.0%, preferably at least 96.5% and better still at least 98.0% by mass of silver relative to the mass of the functional metallic layer.
- a silver-based functional metallic layer comprises less than 1.0% by mass of metals other than silver relative to the mass of the silver-based functional metallic layer.
- the silver-based metallic functional layers have a thickness:
- the solar control coating may also comprise one or more blocking layers located, in contact with, below and/or above the functional metal layer.
- the blocking layers traditionally have the function of protecting the functional layers from possible degradation during the deposition of the upper antireflection coating and during possible high-temperature heat treatment, of the annealing, bending and/or tempering type.
- the blocking layers are chosen from:
- metal layers based on a metal or a metal alloy metal nitride layers, and metal oxynitride layers of one or more elements chosen from titanium, zinc, tin, nickel , chromium and niobium,
- the blocking layers can in particular be, as deposited, layers of Ti, TiN, TiOx, Nb, NbN, Ni, NiN, Cr, CrN, NiCr, NiCrOx, NiCrN, SnZnN.
- these blocking layers When these blocking layers are deposited in metallic, nitrided or oxynitrided form, these layers may undergo partial or total oxidation depending on their thickness and the nature of the layers which surround them, for example, when depositing the following layer or by oxidation. in contact with the underlying layer.
- the blocking layers are titanium layers, that is to say that these layers have been deposited in the form of metallic titanium.
- the blocking layer or layers satisfy one or more of the following conditions:
- the functional metal layer is in contact with a blocking overlayer, and/or
- the blocking layers are titanium layers deposited in metallic form, and/or
- each blocking layer is at least 0.05 nm, or between 0.08 and 2.00 nm, between 0.10 and 1.00 nm or between 0.05 and 0, 50nm.
- the sum of the thicknesses of all the blocking layers can be less than 2.0 nm, less than 1.5 nm, less than 1.0 nm or less than 0.5 nm.
- Dielectric coatings include dielectric layers.
- dielectric layer within the meaning of the present invention, it should be understood that from the point of view of its nature, the material is “non-metallic", that is to say is not a metal. In the context of the invention, this term designates a material having an n/k ratio over the entire visible wavelength range (from 380 nm to 780 nm) equal to or greater than 5.
- each dielectric coating consists only of one or more dielectric layers.
- the dielectric layers in addition to their optical function, can have various other functions. By way of example, mention may be made of stabilizing layers, smoothing layers and barrier layers.
- the dielectric layers are conventionally chosen from layers based on oxide, based on nitride or based on oxynitride.
- Layers based on oxide of one or more elements essentially comprise oxygen and very little nitrogen.
- the oxide-based layers include in particular at least 90% in atomic percentage of oxygen with respect to the oxygen and the nitrogen in said layer.
- the nitride-based layers essentially comprise nitrogen and very little oxygen.
- the nitride-based layers comprise at least 90% atomic percent nitrogen relative to the oxygen and nitrogen in said layer.
- Oxynitride layers include a mixture of oxygen and nitrogen.
- the layers based on silicon oxynitride comprise 10 to 90% (limits excluded) in atomic percentage of nitrogen with respect to the oxygen and the nitrogen in said layer.
- the amounts of oxygen and nitrogen in a layer are determined in atomic percentages relative to the total amounts of oxygen and nitrogen in the layer under consideration.
- the dielectric layers are conventionally chosen from:
- the layers comprising silicon comprise at least 50% by mass of silicon relative to the mass of all the elements constituting the layer comprising silicon other than nitrogen and oxygen.
- the layers comprising silicon can be chosen from layers based on oxide, based on nitride or based on oxynitride such as layers based on silicon oxide, layers based on silicon nitride and layers based on silicon oxynitride.
- Silicon oxide based layers include at least 90% atomic percent oxygen relative to the oxygen and nitrogen in the silicon oxide based layer.
- the silicon nitride based layers include at least 90% atomic percent nitrogen relative to the oxygen and nitrogen in the silicon nitride based layer.
- the layers based on silicon oxynitride include 10 to 90% (limits excluded) in atomic percentage of nitrogen relative to the oxygen and nitrogen in the layer based on silicon oxide.
- the layers based on silicon oxide are characterized by a refractive index at 550 nm, less than or equal to 1.55.
- the layers based on silicon nitride are characterized by a refractive index at 550 nm, greater than or equal to 1.95.
- the layers comprising silicon can comprise or consist of elements other than silicon, oxygen and nitrogen. These elements can be chosen from aluminum, boron, titanium, and zirconium.
- the layers comprising silicon may comprise at least 2%, at least 5% or at least 8% by mass of aluminum relative to the mass of all the elements constituting the layer comprising silicon other than oxygen and nitrogen.
- the layers comprising aluminum can be chosen from layers based on oxide, based on nitride or based on oxynitride such as layers based on aluminum oxide such as Al2O3, layers based on of aluminum nitride such as AIN and layers based on aluminum oxynitride such as AlOxNy.
- the layers with low refractive index have a refractive index of less than 1.70.
- Layers with an intermediate refractive index have a refractive index between 1.70 and 2.2.
- High refractive index layers have a refractive index greater than 2.2.
- the low index layers can have a refractive index of less than 1.70, less than 1.6 or less than 1.5.
- the low refractive index low index layers are preferably layers based on silicon oxide.
- the intermediate refractive index layers can be chosen from:
- High refractive index layers can have a refractive index:
- the high refractive index layers can be chosen from:
- n550 2.30
- the lower refractive index layer can be selected from low refractive index layers.
- the layers with a higher refractive index are chosen from among the layers having a refractive index greater than 1.7. They are therefore chosen from intermediate refractive layers and high refractive index layers.
- the lower refractive index layer can be selected from intermediate refractive index layers.
- the layers with a higher refractive index are chosen from among the layers with a high refractive index.
- the dielectric coatings can comprise so-called stabilizing layers which reinforce the adhesion of the functional metallic layer to the layers which surround it, and in fact oppose the migration of its constituent material.
- the stabilizing layers are preferably layers based on zinc oxide optionally doped, for example, with aluminum.
- the zinc oxide is crystallized.
- the zinc oxide-based layer comprises, in increasing order of preference, at least 90.0%, at least 92%, at least 95%, at least 98.0% by weight of zinc relative to the weight of elements other than oxygen in the layer based on zinc oxide.
- the dielectric coating located below the functional metal layer may further comprise a layer based on zinc oxide located directly in contact with it or separated by a blocking layer.
- a stabilizing layer below a functional metallic layer, because it facilitates the adhesion and the crystallization of the functional metallic layer based on silver and increases its quality and its stability.
- the dielectric coating located above the functional metal layer further comprises a layer based on zinc oxide located directly in contact with it or separated by a blocking layer. It is also advantageous to have a stabilizing layer, above a functional metal layer, to increase adhesion and optimally oppose diffusion on the side of the stack opposite the substrate.
- the layers based on zinc oxide are distinct from the three dielectric layers qualified as upper refractive index layer, lower refractive index layer and upper refractive index layer.
- the zinc oxide layers have, in increasing order of preference, a thickness:
- the sum of the physical thicknesses of all the layers comprising silicon of each dielectric coating is greater than 50%, 60% or 70% of the total thickness of the dielectric coating considered.
- the sum of the physical thicknesses of all the oxide layers of each dielectric coating is greater than 50%, 60% or 70% of the total thickness of the dielectric coating considered.
- the solar control coating is preferably symmetrical with respect to the agent layer. This means that there are sequences of layers of an identical nature on each side of the silver layer. The following characteristics alone or in combination define this symmetry:
- the dielectric layers of higher refractive index of the same dielectric coating can be of the same nature, and/or
- the dielectric layers of lower refractive index of each dielectric coating can be of the same nature, and/or
- the dielectric layers of higher refractive index closest to the functional metallic layer of each dielectric coating can be of the same nature, and/or
- the dielectric layers of higher refractive index farthest from the functional metallic layer of each dielectric coating can be of the same nature, and/or
- the ratio of the optical or geometric thicknesses of the dielectric coatings is between 0.8 and 1.2, or 0.9 and 1.1, and/or
- each dielectric coating comprises, starting from the functional metallic layer, the same succession of three dielectric layers qualified as upper refractive index layer, lower refractive index layer and upper refractive index layer, and/or
- each dielectric coating comprises the same sequence of at least four layers, sequence defined from the silver-based functional metallic layer, and/or
- Examples of a succession of three layers according to the invention include:
- the invention also relates to a laminated glazing preferably comprising at least three substrates.
- This particular structure based on at least three substrates linked together by two polymer spacers is particularly suitable for aeronautical applications.
- the laminated glazing comprises:
- the laminated glazing may also comprise a heating coating comprising an electrically conductive layer located on one face of a substrate not comprising the solar control coating, preferably on face 2 or face 3.
- the laminated glazing of the invention may therefore also comprise:
- the heating coating and the solar control coating are preferably each located at the contact of the first lamination insert, on one side of the first substrate and on one side of the second substrate.
- the heating coatings suitable according to the invention are described in particular in application WO 2020/120879.
- the heater coating includes at least one electrically conductive layer which is a transparent conductive oxide layer.
- Heating is by Joule effect.
- the heating coating is powered via energized electrodes. Homogeneous heating of a non-rectangular shape is impossible with a layer of homogeneous electrical conductivity.
- the electrically conductive layer may have an electrical conductivity gradient. This gradient can be obtained by a thickness gradient. Large variations in layer thickness make it possible to limit the current density in certain parts of the heating surface.
- the electroconductive layer may also include ablation lines, called flux separation lines or more commonly flux lines as described in patent EP1897412-B1, which guide the flow of electric current.
- conductive oxide layer based on doped metal oxide such as indium oxide doped with tin (ITO "Indium Tin Oxide”), zinc oxide doped with aluminum (AZO , "Aluminum Zinc Oxide”, fluorine-doped tin oxide (SnO2:F), and/or
- doped metal oxide such as indium oxide doped with tin (ITO "Indium Tin Oxide"), zinc oxide doped with aluminum (AZO , "Aluminum Zinc Oxide”, fluorine-doped tin oxide (SnO2:F), and/or
- - it has a thickness of 2 to 1600 nm, preferably 30 to 300 nm or 50 to 250 nm, and/or
- the thickness ratio between these two zones of different thicknesses therefore corresponds to the ratio of the thickness of the thickest layer to the thickness of the thinnest layer.
- the functional coating and the heating coating are necessarily deposited after the chemical reinforcement step. These coatings do not undergo any heat treatment step after deposition other than the leafing step. They must therefore preferably have acquired their final properties directly after their deposit.
- the substrates can be mineral glass substrates or transparent polymer material.
- the mineral glass substrates which constitute the glazing can be made of soda-lime, aluminosilicate or borosilicate glass.
- the mineral glass substrate is:
- Chemically toughened glass substrates include a compressed surface area obtained by ion exchange.
- This superficial zone in compression is obtained by the superficial substitution of an ion of the glass substrate (generally an alkaline ion such as sodium or lithium) by an ion of larger ionic radius (generally an alkaline ion, such as potassium or sodium).
- an ion of the glass substrate generally an alkaline ion such as sodium or lithium
- an ion of larger ionic radius generally an alkaline ion, such as potassium or sodium
- Substrates can be transparent polymeric material which include poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), polycarbonate (PC), polyurethane or polyurea (PU) substrates
- the solar control coating and the heating coating are necessarily deposited after the chemical reinforcement step. These coatings do not normally undergo a heat treatment step after deposition. They must therefore preferably have acquired their final properties directly after their deposit.
- the lamination inserts comprise one or more sheets of organic polymers.
- the organic polymers are chosen from polyvinyl butyral (PVB), polyurethanes (PU), polyureas, ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polyolefins (including polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP) or polyisobutylene (P -IB)), polyvinyl chloride and its derivatives (e.g. poly(vinyl dichloride) (PVDC)), styrenic polymers (e.g.
- polystyrene PS
- ABS acrylostyrene butadiene
- SAN styrene acrylonitrile
- polyacrylics including polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)
- polyesters including poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) and poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT )
- POM polyoxymethylene
- PA fluorinated polymers such as polychlorotrifluoroethylene
- PCTFE polycarbonates
- PC aromatic polysulfones including polysulfone (PSII), polyphenylene ether (PPE), epoxies ( EP) alone or as a mixture and/or copolymer of several of them.
- the particular structure based on at least three substrates linked together by two polymer spacers is particularly suitable for aeronautical applications.
- the first substrate is not held by a vehicle connection system. Only the other two substrates, called structural, are maintained.
- the first substrate constitutes the outer part of the glazing. It is not structurally fixed to the vehicle or building it equips. It is simply held to the second substrate thanks to the polymer spacer.
- the second and third substrates are mechanically secured in the building or vehicle. It is these two substrates that ensure the protection of people inside the vehicle.
- the assembly formed by the second substrate, the second polymer interlayer and the third substrate must therefore have excellent impact resistance.
- the edge of the first substrate can be recessed relative to that of the second substrate to prevent delamination phenomena due to deformations of the glazing subjected to the pressure of the aircraft or to tearing mechanisms and / or peripheral shear of the outer substrate.
- the first polymer spacer is preferably based on polyurethane.
- the specific choice of this material for this polymer interlayer is justified because it is less hygroscopic, i.e. it has less tendency to absorb and/or retain water than other polymer interlayers, for example PVB. This first interlayer maintains the outermost substrate and therefore the most likely to be subjected to extreme climatic conditions.
- the second polymer spacer is preferably based on polyvinylbutadiene. The specific choice of this material for this polymer spacer is justified because it has better mechanical properties, in particular impact resistance. In addition, due to its “inner” position, its chemical durability is less critical than that of the first polymer spacer.
- FIG. 1 schematically represents a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the laminated glazing of the invention for a cockpit.
- a laminated glazing according to the invention therefore comprises:
- first glass substrate S1 constituting an outer face of the curved and chemically toughened glazing, for example 3 mm thick
- PU polyurethane
- R1 and R2 possibly two coatings R1 and R2 including a heating coating and a solar control coating.
- the entire peripheral edge of the laminated glazing is covered by a seal (J).
- a seal J
- Another object of the invention consists in the use of the laminated glazing described above as glazing for a building, land, air or water vehicle, in particular as glazing for the cockpit of an air vehicle.
- the invention relates to the process for preparing laminated glazing comprising the following steps:
- the glass substrates are chemically tempered and bent aluminosilicate glass substrates.
- the foliation dividers are chosen from dividers:
- the functional metallic layers (F) are layers of silver (Ag).
- the blocking layers are metallic layers of titanium (Ti).
- the dielectric coatings comprise layers chosen from:
- TiOx, n 2.4
- Solar control coatings defined below are deposited on glass substrates.
- Table 2 lists the materials and the physical thicknesses in nanometers (unless otherwise indicated) of each layer or coating which constitutes the coatings according to their position with respect to the carrier substrate of the stack (last line at the bottom of the table ).
- CB Blocking layer
- CF Functional metallic layer
- Cp.5 Substrate / SisN4 31 nm/ ZnO 5 nm / Ag 8 nm / Ti 0.1 nm/ ZnO 5 nm / SisN4 70 nm/ ZnO 5 nm/ Ag 8 nm/ Ti 0.1 nm/ ZnO 5 nm / SisN4 39 nm.
- Cp.6 Substrate / SisN4 33 nm/ ZnO 5 nm / Ag1 8 nm / Ti 0.1 nm/ ZnO 5 nm / SisN4 73 nm/ ZnO 5 nm/ Ag 8 nm/ Ti 0.1 nm/ ZnO 5 nm / SisN4 81 nm / ZnO 5 nm/ Ag 8 nm/ Ti 0.1 nm/ ZnO 5 nm / SisN4 42 nm.
- the heater coating consists of a 200 nm indium tin oxide layer. This layer was deposited by magnetron sputtering on a 3 mm glass substrate. It has a sheet resistance of 10 Q/n measured by induction.
- This substrate is used in certain examples as a glass substrate coated with a heating coating comprising an electrically conductive layer based on ITO.
- the laminated glazing has the following configuration: a first glass substrate 2 mm thick optionally coated on face 2 with a solar control coating / a first PVB interlayer (0.38 mm) / a second glass substrate 2 mm thick.
- the solution of the invention makes it possible to considerably improve the light transmission/selectivity pair.
- the comparative examples not comprising the succession of three layers qualified as upper refractive index layer, lower refractive index layer and upper refractive index layer present a much lower selectivity than the glazings according to the invention, and this independently of the number of silver layers.
- Laminated glazing has the following configuration: a first glass substrate 3 mm thick coated on face 2 with a heating coating / a first polyurethane (PU) interlayer / a second glass substrate possibly 6 mm thick coated with a solar control coating on face 3 / a second interlayer of polyvinyl butyral (PVB) / a third substrate 6 mm thick.
- PU polyurethane
- PVB polyvinyl butyral
- the reference glazing does not include a solar control coating.
- the comparative glazing according to the invention comprises a solar control coating on face 3 of the glazing corresponding to the first face of the second substrate.
- the Cp.1 to Cp.4 glazings include a non-optimized solar control coating according to the invention.
- the glazing according to the invention comprises a solar control coating according to the invention.
- optical properties and energy performance were determined by simulation on the laminated glazing.
- V.52 and V.62 glazing with functional 2- and 3-layer silver coatings does not provide sufficiently high light transmission. In particular, they have a light absorption greater than 20%.
- the glazing according to the invention and comparisons V.12 to V.14 all comprise a coating functional with a single layer of silver. They all have substantially equal light transmission values (between 70 and 72%).
- the V.12 to V.42 glazings do not have a high light transmission and selectivity pair.
- the V.22 glazing comprises sequences of three low index / high index / low index layers.
- the glazings according to the invention have a high light transmission/selectivity couple thanks to the excellent infrared filtering effect.
- the invention makes it possible, without reducing light transmission, to improve selectivity by more than 20% compared to glazing without solar control coating (comparison of glazing of the invention and of Ref).
- the significant improvement in selectivity is also obtained compared to a glazing with non-optimized solar control coating according to the invention (comparison of the glazing of the invention and of V.12).
- the invention allows a reduction in the solar factor of more than 5 percentage points compared to a glazing with non-optimized solar control coating according to the invention.
- the glazings according to the invention offer the best compromise between light transmission and high selectivity and low solar factor.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Surface Treatment Of Glass (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2201692A FR3133057B1 (fr) | 2022-02-25 | 2022-02-25 | Matériau comprenant un revêtement contrôle solaire |
| PCT/FR2023/050228 WO2023161575A1 (fr) | 2022-02-25 | 2023-02-17 | Matériau comprenant un revêtement contrôle solaire |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4482804A1 true EP4482804A1 (fr) | 2025-01-01 |
Family
ID=82196470
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23708264.9A Pending EP4482804A1 (fr) | 2022-02-25 | 2023-02-17 | Matériau comprenant un revêtement contrôle solaire |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20250171349A1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP4482804A1 (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN118748986A (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3133057B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2023161575A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5183700A (en) * | 1990-08-10 | 1993-02-02 | Viratec Thin Films, Inc. | Solar control properties in low emissivity coatings |
| FR2697242B1 (fr) | 1992-10-22 | 1994-12-16 | Saint Gobain Vitrage Int | Vitrage trempé chimique. |
| FR2858816B1 (fr) * | 2003-08-13 | 2006-11-17 | Saint Gobain | Substrat transparent comportant un revetement antireflet |
| FR2869324B1 (fr) * | 2004-04-21 | 2007-08-10 | Saint Gobain | Procede de depot sous vide |
| FR2888082B1 (fr) | 2005-06-30 | 2007-08-24 | Saint Gobain | Vitrage chauffant feuillete ayant un confort de vision ameliore |
| JPWO2008065962A1 (ja) * | 2006-11-27 | 2010-03-04 | 独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所 | 可視光透過熱線反射シート |
| FR2942794B1 (fr) * | 2009-03-09 | 2011-02-18 | Saint Gobain | Substrat muni d'un empilement a proprietes thermiques comportant des couches a haut indice de refraction |
| US10845512B2 (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2020-11-24 | Guardian Glass, LLC | Coated article for use in surveillance window or the like and method of making same |
| FR3073840B1 (fr) * | 2017-11-20 | 2020-07-17 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Materiau comprenant une seule couche fonctionnelle a base d'argent et une couche absorbante |
| FR3088636B1 (fr) * | 2018-11-16 | 2022-09-09 | Saint Gobain | Materiau traite thermiquement a proprietes mecaniques ameliorees |
| FR3089451B1 (fr) | 2018-12-11 | 2022-12-23 | Saint Gobain | Vitrage feuilleté comprenant un substrat transparent à couche chauffante ayant des lignes de flux dont l’ensemble est de largeur variable |
| DE202020100793U1 (de) * | 2020-02-14 | 2020-02-20 | Saint-Gobain Sekurit Deutschland Gmbh & Co. Kg | Fahrzeugdachscheibe mit einer Interferenzbeschichtung zur Vermeidung von Reflexionen an Anzeigegeräten |
-
2022
- 2022-02-25 FR FR2201692A patent/FR3133057B1/fr active Active
-
2023
- 2023-02-17 EP EP23708264.9A patent/EP4482804A1/fr active Pending
- 2023-02-17 WO PCT/FR2023/050228 patent/WO2023161575A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2023-02-17 CN CN202380023491.9A patent/CN118748986A/zh active Pending
- 2023-02-17 US US18/840,592 patent/US20250171349A1/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN118748986A (zh) | 2024-10-08 |
| WO2023161575A1 (fr) | 2023-08-31 |
| FR3133057A1 (fr) | 2023-09-01 |
| US20250171349A1 (en) | 2025-05-29 |
| FR3133057B1 (fr) | 2024-05-24 |
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