EP4469753A1 - Verfahren zum kalibrieren eines stereoskopischen medizinischen mikroskops und medizinische mikroskopanordnung - Google Patents
Verfahren zum kalibrieren eines stereoskopischen medizinischen mikroskops und medizinische mikroskopanordnungInfo
- Publication number
- EP4469753A1 EP4469753A1 EP23702401.3A EP23702401A EP4469753A1 EP 4469753 A1 EP4469753 A1 EP 4469753A1 EP 23702401 A EP23702401 A EP 23702401A EP 4469753 A1 EP4469753 A1 EP 4469753A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- images
- calibration data
- data
- calibration
- correction
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
- A61B90/20—Surgical microscopes characterised by non-optical aspects
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B21/00—Microscopes
- G02B21/0004—Microscopes specially adapted for specific applications
- G02B21/0012—Surgical microscopes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B21/00—Microscopes
- G02B21/36—Microscopes arranged for photographic purposes or projection purposes or digital imaging or video purposes including associated control and data processing arrangements
- G02B21/365—Control or image processing arrangements for digital or video microscopes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- G03B15/00—Special procedures for taking photographs; Apparatus therefor
- G03B15/14—Special procedures for taking photographs; Apparatus therefor for taking photographs during medical operations
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- G03B35/00—Stereoscopic photography
- G03B35/08—Stereoscopic photography by simultaneous recording
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T7/00—Image analysis
- G06T7/80—Analysis of captured images to determine intrinsic or extrinsic camera parameters, i.e. camera calibration
- G06T7/85—Stereo camera calibration
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
- H04N13/20—Image signal generators
- H04N13/204—Image signal generators using stereoscopic image cameras
- H04N13/239—Image signal generators using stereoscopic image cameras using two two-dimensional [2D] image sensors having a relative position equal to or related to the interocular distance
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
- H04N13/20—Image signal generators
- H04N13/204—Image signal generators using stereoscopic image cameras
- H04N13/246—Calibration of cameras
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B2560/00—Constructional details of operational features of apparatus; Accessories for medical measuring apparatus
- A61B2560/02—Operational features
- A61B2560/0223—Operational features of calibration, e.g. protocols for calibrating sensors
- A61B2560/0228—Operational features of calibration, e.g. protocols for calibrating sensors using calibration standards
- A61B2560/0233—Optical standards
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B21/00—Microscopes
- G02B21/18—Arrangements with more than one light path, e.g. for comparing two specimens
- G02B21/20—Binocular arrangements
- G02B21/22—Stereoscopic arrangements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
- G06T2207/10—Image acquisition modality
- G06T2207/10004—Still image; Photographic image
- G06T2207/10012—Stereo images
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
- G06T2207/10—Image acquisition modality
- G06T2207/10056—Microscopic image
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
- G06T2207/30—Subject of image; Context of image processing
- G06T2207/30004—Biomedical image processing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
- G06T2207/30—Subject of image; Context of image processing
- G06T2207/30204—Marker
- G06T2207/30208—Marker matrix
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/60—Control of cameras or camera modules
- H04N23/67—Focus control based on electronic image sensor signals
- H04N23/675—Focus control based on electronic image sensor signals comprising setting of focusing regions
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for calibrating a stereoscopic medical microscope and a medical microscope arrangement.
- the aim of digital visualization in surgery and microsurgery is to show a surgeon an optimal three-dimensional image of the surgical field during an operation and, if necessary, an optimal three-dimensional overlay of additionally generated information on the field of view on the monitors of the medical microscope.
- captured camera images are processed by digital image processing with defined calibration data.
- Three-dimensional calibration objects are known from DE 102019 131 646 A1.
- the three-dimensional calibration objects have, for example, a transparent body and calibration marks embedded in the volume of the transparent body.
- the object of the invention is to improve a method for calibrating a stereoscopic medical microscope and a medical microscope arrangement.
- a basic idea of the invention is to combine a three-dimensional calibration with a two-dimensional calibration and thereby achieve an overall improved, in particular optimal, result of the calibration. This is done by capturing images of at least one three-dimensional calibration object using cameras of a stereo camera system of the medical microscope.
- each of the cameras of the stereo camera system captures at least one image.
- the images are recorded in particular in such a way that images from the two cameras of the stereo camera system are linked to one another for the same operating points of the medical microscope, that is to say they are assigned to one another or can be assigned to one another.
- calibration data are generated and stored for correction.
- further images of at least one two-dimensional calibration object are recorded using the cameras of the stereo camera system.
- further images are also recorded in particular in such a way that the further images of the two cameras of the stereo camera system are linked to one another for the same operating points, that is to say are in particular assigned or can be assigned to one another.
- the images and the further images are recorded here in particular at the same working points.
- further calibration data are generated and stored for correction.
- storing the calibration data includes, in particular, the calibration data being stored in a memory provided for this purpose in order to be retrieved from it and used as required.
- the stored calibration data and the stored further calibration data can be applied to images (and sequences of images, in particular videos) subsequently recorded, in particular during an operation, so that these images can be corrected by the calibration data and further calibration data and then by a surgeon and/or or other persons can be recorded.
- a method for calibrating a stereoscopic medical microscope comprising: a) capturing images of at least one three-dimensional calibration object using cameras of a stereo camera system of the medical microscope, b) generating calibration data based on the recorded images, the generated calibration data being stored for correction, c) recording additional images of at least one two-dimensional calibration object using the cameras of the stereo camera system, d) generating additional calibration data based on the recorded additional images, wherein the other calibration data are stored for correction.
- a medical microscope arrangement comprising a stereoscopic medical microscope with a stereo camera system comprising cameras and storable calibration data, and a data processing device, wherein the data processing device is set up to generate calibration data based on images of at least one three-dimensional calibration object captured by the cameras of the stereo camera system and to store for correction, and to generate further calibration data based on further images of at least one two-dimensional calibration object captured by means of the cameras of the stereo camera system and to store for correction.
- One advantage of the method and of the medical microscope arrangement is that an overall calibration of the stereoscopic medical microscope can be achieved by a combination of a three-dimensional and a two-dimensional calibration and associated two-dimensional and three-dimensional calibration objects. After the overall calibration data has been generated, images corrected by means of these calibration data can be provided to a surgeon and/or other persons. Superimposition for stereoscopic viewing of these respectively corrected images is improved compared to the non-corrected images, so that information transfer during an operation is improved as a result, and disruptions due to inadequate superimposition and/or image errors and the associated impairments in the workflow during an operation and signs of fatigue can be reduced.
- the calibration data and the further calibration data are generated in particular by the captured images and captured further images being evaluated.
- features on the respective calibration objects recognized and evaluated.
- the calibration data and the other calibration data can be generated, in particular determined, based on the known properties and the evaluated captured images and other images.
- the respective features and their properties in particular a location (position and orientation), geometric arrangement, shape, color, brightness, etc., are known and can therefore be recognized in the images and other images.
- the calibration data and the other calibration data can be determined in a manner known per se using known calibration methods by comparing the known target properties of the respective features in the images and other images and the actual properties.
- the evaluation takes place in particular by means of the data processing device.
- known methods of computer vision, pattern recognition and/or machine learning can be used.
- a medical microscope is in particular a surgical microscope.
- a medical microscope can also be a microscope used for medical examinations and/or for diagnostic purposes, for example in the field of ophthalmology or in other fields.
- a medical microscope arrangement is in particular a surgical microscope arrangement.
- Calibration data and further calibration data can basically be of the same or different type and relate to different properties and/or effects and/or faults and/or devices of the medical microscope.
- the distinction between calibration data and other calibration data was chosen in particular for linguistic differentiation.
- a two-dimensional calibration object can have shapes and patterns known per se, for example a two-dimensional checkerboard pattern, line markings, crosshairs and the like.
- a three-dimensional calibration object has, in particular, three-dimensional structures.
- a three-dimensional calibration object can have structures that are arranged in several planes perpendicular to an optical axis of the imaging system of the medical microscope and can be illuminated, for example, by irradiation and/or by a defined intrinsic illumination with the medical microscope or by means of the cameras can be detected.
- this High contrast markings arranged in two orthogonal planes to provide depth information with respect to the optical axis (see eg Figure 2 in King et al.).
- a three-dimensional calibration object therefore has, for example, a transparent body and calibration marks embedded in the volume of the transparent body.
- a three-dimensional calibration object in one of the embodiments described in DE 102019 131 646 A1 is essentially a cube-shaped 3D calibration body made up of transparent layers.
- the 3D calibration body is made up of stacked light guides.
- the light guides are formed by alternating transparent layers, the layers having a higher refractive index than layers arranged in between. Light is coupled into the layers by means of selectively switchable light sources in such a way that it is totally reflected at the interfaces between the layers.
- the procedure is then basically the same.
- Parts of the medical microscope arrangement can be designed individually or combined as a combination of hardware and software, for example as a Program code that runs on a microcontroller or microprocessor.
- the data processing device can include a computing device in the form of a microprocessor or microcontroller and a memory.
- ASIC application-specific integrated circuit
- FPGA field-programmable gate array
- the data processing device can also be part of the medical microscope. In principle, however, the data processing device can also be designed separately from the medical microscope, for example as a desktop, laptop or tablet computer or also as a cloud-based solution.
- step a) and/or step c) to be carried out at different working points of the medical microscope, with the calibration data in step b) and/or the further calibration data in step d) being generated for each of the different working points.
- calibration data can be generated over a larger, in particular over an entire, working and/or operating range of the medical microscope.
- a working point includes in particular one or more of the following parameters: a location (position and/or orientation) of the camera(s) and/or an enlargement (zoom) and/or a working distance (focus or a position of the focusing lens) and/or or a position of a diaphragm and/or a value of a diaphragm opening (aperture stop) and/or presence of a drape lens on the microscope (yes/no). Provision can be made here for calibration data and further calibration data for working points for which no images and/or further images were recorded to be generated from calibration data and/or further calibration data from adjacent working points, in particular by interpolation and/or extrapolation. Provision can also be made for calibration data for such working points to be estimated with the aid of a function which is adapted to the calibration data which were generated on the basis of working points to be measured.
- the calibration data generated in step b) and/or the further calibration data generated in step d) are used for correction at least partially on the captured images and/or the captured further images, with step b) for the corrected images is carried out and/or repeated and/or step d) for the corrected further images carried out and/or repeated.
- the calibration data and/or the further calibration data can be optimized step by step, since calibration data and/or further calibration data that have already been generated are applied to the captured images and/or the captured further images. In this way, in particular, several different effects that lead to interference between the images and/or the further images and that can influence one another can be taken into account.
- a distortion error in an image captured by a left camera of the stereo camera system can affect an offset between the captured images of the left and a right camera of the stereo camera system and vice versa. If the distortion error is corrected before the offset is determined, the effect of the distortion error when the offset is determined can be minimized or even eliminated.
- step d) provision is made for the calibration data generated in step b) to be applied at least partially to the further images captured for correction before step d) is carried out.
- step d) can be carried out with captured further images that have already been corrected by the calibration data.
- an effect of mutually influencing interference can be reduced as a result.
- the correction and steps c) and d) are repeated until at least one predetermined optimization criterion is met.
- the at least one specified optimization criterion is, for example, a specified maximum value (e.g. +/-1 picture element) for an (x/y) offset between the further images captured by the two cameras of the stereo camera system and/or a specified maximum value (e.g. +/-0.001 ° with respect to an image center) for a rotation between the captured further images of the two cameras of the stereo camera system.
- step b) it is also possible to correct the images recorded in step a) using the further calibration data generated in step d) before step b) is performed.
- the procedure here is basically analogous to the procedure described above.
- the calibration data generated are checked by at least partially applying them to the captured images and/or the captured further images and evaluating a result of the application, with steps a) to d) being repeated at least partially if an evaluation result at least one specified criterion is not met.
- An evaluation result can, for example, include values for deviations that are determined for selected variables.
- the selected variables can include, for example, one or more of the following variables: an offset, a rotation, a difference in brightness, a distortion, etc.
- a specified criterion includes, for example, specified limit values for the respective evaluation results, i.e. in particular maximum permissible values for the respective deviations. Provision can also be made for individual assessment results for the selected variables to be aggregated into a single assessment result and compared with the at least one criterion (eg with a maximum value for an aggregated deviation).
- step b) and/or d) includes one or more of the following measures: determining extrinsic calibration data, determining intrinsic calibration data, determining directory correction field data, determining edge drop correction data, determining chromatic displacement field correction data .
- camera projection matrices are determined for the extrinsic calibration data and/or intrinsic calibration data using methods known per se.
- Methods for the extrinsic and intrinsic calibration of cameras are known, for example, from one of the documents mentioned at the outset (Reg G. Willson, 1994).
- a suitable calibration object in the simplest case, for example, a calibration object with a plurality of straight lines perpendicular to one another within a plane that is perpendicular to the optical axis of the medical microscope, or a checkerboard pattern, is used to determine, in particular, a distortion of the captured images and on the basis of the distortion determined, a desaturation field is determined, from which the directory correction field data are then derived.
- a desaturation field is determined, from which the directory correction field data are then derived.
- three-dimensional structures of the three-dimensional calibration object are recorded and evaluated when determining the directory correction field data. This is for example in King et al. described.
- a (camera) vignetting in the captured images is determined in particular, which is corrected by the edge drop correction data in such a way that brightness values in the captured images do not fall in the direction of the edge of the captured images.
- images of a homogeneously self-illuminating three-dimensional calibration object are recorded for different working points (working distance, zoom, etc.).
- a brightness profile is determined in the recorded images and, based on the determined brightness profile, the edge drop correction data are determined in such a way that recorded images of the homogeneously self-luminous three-dimensional calibration object corrected using the edge drop correction data have a constant over the entire calibration object, the means to have homogeneous brightness.
- a lateral chromatic aberration is to be corrected by means of the chromatic displacement field correction data, that is to say in particular a color fringe, which can be seen in particular at edges, is to be corrected.
- a color channel-dependent evaluation of the recorded images of a three-dimensional calibration object takes place.
- an offset e.g. x/y offset
- an offset field is determined for the captured images for each color channel. For example, due to chromatic aberration, an edge with a color fringe has a slightly different position in the captured image in each color channel.
- the correction field generated from the offset field then specifies how the captured image in the respective color channel must be shifted so that the images of all color channels are superimposed with pixel accuracy and the color fringe disappears as a result.
- the correction fields of all color channels then result in the displacement field correction data.
- step b) includes a determination of the respective focal position of the cameras of the stereo camera system and an adjustment of the respective focal position.
- the focus position is set in particular on the basis of the figures determined for the cameras of the stereo camera system focal positions.
- the aim of the determination and adjustment is that the cameras always have the same (actual) focus position at every working point.
- the focal position is set, for example, by a technician, to whom the values determined for the focal positions based on the recorded images are displayed on a display device of the medical microscope.
- the technician then adjusts the focus positions in such a way that the (actual) focus positions are always the same at the various working points for both cameras of the stereo camera system.
- an automated adjustment can also take place, for example by means of actuators of the medical microscope set up for this purpose.
- step d) includes determining an offset between the captured further images of the cameras of the stereo camera system and determining offset correction data and/or determining a rotation between the captured further images of the cameras of the stereo camera system and determining rotation correction data .
- An offset e.g. x/y offset
- a rotation between the captured additional images of the cameras are determined in particular with reference to a respective image center of the captured additional images.
- step a) or c) when capturing at least some of the images, different operating points of a movable lens system of the stereoscopic medical microscope are selected, with step b) or d) for each of the operating points of the movable lens system, an offset value is determined, the calibration data and/or further calibration data being generated taking into account the offset values determined in each case.
- an offset value denotes an (x/y) offset value of pixels in images captured by the two cameras.
- a position of the lenses within the lens system in particular changes as a result of the selection of different operating points.
- an optical axis of the lens system changes here, for example due to tolerances and inaccuracies in the mechanics and in an actuator used, imaging errors can occur, which lead to an offset between the captured images and/or captured additional images of the two cameras of the stereo camera system can.
- a such an offset can then be corrected at each working point using the generated calibration data and/or further calibration data.
- Calibration data and/or further calibration data can be generated by interpolation or extrapolation for operating points for which no offset values have been determined.
- At least one additional image of a homogeneously reflecting and/or remitting calibration object is also captured by means of the stereo camera system, illumination correction data for correcting an illumination geometry of at least one light source of the medical microscope being generated on the basis of the captured at least one additional image and during generation the calibration data and/or the further calibration data are taken into account.
- illumination correction data can be included in the calibration data or further calibration data.
- the homogeneously reflecting and/or remitting calibration object can also be part of the at least one three-dimensional or the at least one two-dimensional calibration object.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of the medical microscope arrangement
- FIG. 2a shows schematic representations of a three-dimensional calibration object and a two-dimensional calibration object in a side view
- 2b schematic representations of the three-dimensional calibration object and the two-dimensional calibration object in a plan view
- 3 shows a schematic flowchart of an embodiment of the method for calibrating a stereoscopic medical microscope.
- the medical microscope arrangement 100 comprises a stereoscopic medical microscope 1, for example a surgical microscope, and a data processing device 2. The method described in this disclosure is explained below on the basis of the medical microscope arrangement 100.
- the stereoscopic medical microscope 1 includes a stereo camera system 3 including a left camera 3I and a right camera 3r.
- the cameras 3I, 3r capture a capture area imaged via stereoscopic imaging optics 4 (shown only schematically) of the medical microscope 1 .
- calibration data 30 and further calibration data 31 can be stored for the imaging optics 4 , for example for an actuator system 5 which is set up to change properties of the imaging optics 4 .
- the medical microscope 1 comprises a signal processing device 6, which processes a raw signal 101 provided by an image sensor of the left camera 3I and a raw signal 10r provided by an image sensor of the right camera 10r and generates images 20 and further images 21 from the raw signals 101, 10r and provides.
- the images 20 , 21 can be displayed, for example, on at least one display device 7 , for example one or more monitors or a display device that can be worn on the head (Head Mounted Display, HMD), which can in particular also be part of the medical microscope 1 .
- the signal processing can in particular include a pixel-dependent change in brightness and/or generation of an offset and/or rotation around an image center (or another point) and other manipulations (filtering, color correction, etc.).
- Calibration data 30, 31 can be stored in the signal processing device 6 in order to correct the raw signals 101, 10r.
- the data processing device 2 includes a computing device 2-1, for example a microprocessor or microcontroller, and a memory 2-2.
- the data processing device 2 can also be part of the medical microscope 1 .
- the data processing device 2 is set up to generate the calibration data 30 based on images 20 of at least one three-dimensional calibration object 40 captured by the cameras 3I, 3r of the stereo camera system 3 and to store them for correction. Furthermore, the data processing device 2 is set up to generate the further calibration data 31 based on further images 21 of at least one two-dimensional calibration object 41 captured by the cameras 3I, 3r of the stereo camera system 3 and to store them for correction.
- the medical microscope assembly 100 is used to carry out a method for calibrating the stereoscopic medical microscope 1, comprising: a) capturing images 20 of the at least one three-dimensional calibration object 40 using the cameras 3I, 3r of the stereo camera system 3 of the medical microscope 1, b) generating the Calibration data 30 based on the captured images 20, with the calibration data 30 generated being stored for correction, c) capturing further images 21 of the at least one two-dimensional calibration object 41 using the cameras 3I, 3r of the stereo camera system 3, d) generating the further calibration data 31 based on from the recorded further images 21, the further calibration data 31 being stored for correction.
- a working point can in particular include parameters for the following settings: a position (position and/or orientation) of the camera(s) and/or an enlargement (zoom), a working distance (focus or a position of the focusing lens), a position of a Aperture, a value of an aperture opening (aperture stop), a presence of a drape lens (yes/no) etc.
- the various operating points can be set both manually and automatically.
- parameters of the medical microscope 1 are displayed to a technician, for example, so that he can set the parameters for each operating point.
- the data processing device 2 can be set up to generate suitable control parameters and to feed them to the medical microscope 1, in particular the actuator system 5, for adjusting the various operating points.
- the correction can take place both in the signal processing device 6 and in the data processing device 2 .
- the correction and steps c) and d) are repeated until at least one predetermined optimization criterion is met.
- the further calibration data 31 is stored in the medical microscope 1 before each repetition, in particular in the image processing device 6. Steps c) and d) are then carried out again with changed further calibration data 31 be improved iteratively.
- step b) includes one or more of the following measures: determining extrinsic calibration data, determining intrinsic calibration data, determining directory correction field data, determining edge falloff correction data, determining chromatic displacement field correction data.
- the generated calibration data 30 then comprises the extrinsic calibration data and/or intrinsic calibration data and/or directory correction field data and/or edge falloff correction data and/or chromatic displacement field correction data.
- step b) includes a determination of the respective focal position of the cameras 3I, 3r of the stereo camera system 3 and an adjustment of the respective focal position.
- the (actual) focus position can be set or adjusted based on a value determined in each case for the focus position. In principle, this can be done either manually by a technician or in an automated and/or motorized manner by means of the actuator system 5 .
- the goal is that the focal position of both cameras 3I, 3r is always the same at different working points.
- step d) determines an offset between the captured further images 21 of the cameras 3I, 3r of the stereo camera system 3 and a determination of displacement correction data and/or a determination of a rotation between the captured further images 21 of the cameras 3I, 3r of the stereo camera system 3 and determining rotation correction data.
- the generated additional calibration data 31 then include the offset correction data and/or the rotation correction data.
- steps a) or c) when capturing at least some of the images 20, 21, different operating points of a movable lens system of the stereoscopic medical microscope 1 are selected, with steps b) or d) for each of the operating points of the movable lens system, an offset value is determined, with the calibration data 30 and/or the further calibration data 31 being generated taking into account the offset values determined in each case.
- the illumination correction data are determined using the data processing device 2 .
- the data processing device 2 determines a brightness curve in the acquired at least one additional image 22, in particular for different operating points. Since a brightness in the acquired at least one additional image 22 should be constant
- the lighting correction data are generated based on the respective brightness curve, in particular determined from the brightness curve.
- the illumination correction data are stored in the signal processing device 6 in particular as calibration data 30, 31 for correction during ongoing operation. The signal processing device 6 then applies the illumination correction data to the raw signals 101, 10r.
- the acquisition of the at least one additional image 22 of the homogeneously reflecting and/or remitting calibration object 42 and the generation of the illumination correction data takes place in particular after steps a) to d).
- a correction based on the edge drop correction data can already have been carried out before the brightness profile and the illumination correction data are determined.
- the homogeneously reflecting and/or remitting calibration object 42 is part of the two-dimensional calibration object 41 .
- the acquisition of the at least one additional image 22 of the homogeneously reflecting and/or remitting calibration object 42 can then also take place simultaneously with other steps, for example with step c).
- Figures 2a and 2b show schematic representations of embodiments of the three-dimensional calibration object 40 and the two-dimensional calibration object 41.
- Fig. 2a shows a side view
- Fig. 2b shows a top view, which corresponds to a view of how the medical microscope 1 the calibration objects 40, 41 would be captured by the cameras 3I, 3r.
- the three-dimensional calibration object 40 has a triangular shape with an inclined surface (it can therefore also be referred to as an “oblique target”), so that different distances (eg z-direction) can be recorded simultaneously.
- the two-dimensional calibration object 41 has a checkerboard pattern on an upper side.
- an offset (eg x/y direction) and a rotation between the (further) images 20, 21 captured by the cameras 3I, 3r of the stereo camera system 3 can be determined with the aid of the checkerboard pattern.
- the two-dimensional calibration object 41 can additionally or alternatively also have other suitable structures, such as rectangles, lines and/or other suitable two-dimensional shapes, etc.
- the calibration objects 40, 41 are shown together as a combined object.
- the calibration objects 40, 41 can also be designed separately from one another and/or used separately from one another.
- the three-dimensional calibration object 40 is designed according to one of the embodiments as described in DE 10 2019 131 646 A1, in particular according to an embodiment of FIG. 5 or 6 shown there.
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic flowchart of an embodiment of the method for calibrating a stereoscopic medical microscope. The method is carried out, for example, using a medical microscope arrangement, as is shown in FIG. 1 .
- images of at least one three-dimensional calibration object are captured in a method step 201 using cameras of a stereo camera system of the medical microscope.
- a method step 201 is carried out for different operating points of the medical microscope.
- a data processing device is used to generate calibration data based on the captured images, in particular determined based on the captured images.
- the calibration data generated are stored for correction, in particular in a memory of the medical microscope provided for this purpose, for example in a memory of a signal processing device and/or a control device and/or an actuator of the medical microscope.
- the calibration data is generated, in particular determined, in particular for the various operating points.
- the generated, in particular determined, calibration data include in particular camera projection matrices (extrinsic calibration data and/or intrinsic calibration data) and/or directory correction field data and/or edge drop correction data and/or chromatic displacement field correction data.
- image are then recorded for each of the three-dimensional calibration objects, in particular at different operating points.
- a method step 203 images of at least one three-dimensional calibration object are recorded using the cameras of the stereo camera system. This takes place in particular with the aid of the three-dimensional calibration object 40 (“oblique target”), which is shown in FIG. 2a. Due to the inclined surface, a blur course in a captured image along the optical axis (z-direction) can be evaluated, so that a respective focal position of the cameras can be determined. The detection can take place in particular for different working points, in particular for different working distances from the three-dimensional calibration object. Based on the captured images, the respective focus positions of the cameras of the stereo camera system are determined.
- a method step 204 the focal positions of the cameras are set or adjusted to one another based on the determined values. In particular, this is done manually by a technician. In particular, this is done in such a way that the focus positions at the various working points (in particular working distances) are always the same for both cameras.
- step 205 further images of at least one two-dimensional calibration object are captured using the cameras of the stereo camera system.
- a method step 206 further calibration data are generated, in particular determined, based on the further images recorded.
- an offset (x/y offset) between the captured further images of the cameras of the stereo camera system and offset correction data and a rotation between the captured further images of the cameras of the stereo camera system and rotation correction data are determined.
- the generated, in particular determined, further calibration data are stored for correction, in particular in a memory of the medical microscope provided for this purpose, for example in a memory of a signal processing device and/or a control device and/or an actuator of the medical microscope.
- method step 205 images are then recorded for each of the two-dimensional calibration objects, in particular at different operating points.
- a method step 207 the calibration data and the additional calibration data are applied to the recorded additional images of the two-dimensional calibration object; in particular, the further images recorded are hereby corrected.
- This can be done, for example, using the signal processing device 6 (FIG. 1) by correcting the raw signals 101, 10r using the stored calibration data and the stored further calibration data and providing the results, ie the images corrected in this way.
- method steps 205, 206 and 207 are then repeated.
- method steps 205, 206 and 207 are repeated until at least one predetermined optimization criterion is met.
- predefined optimization criteria can be, for example, maximum values for an offset and/or a rotation (e.g. +/-1 picture element and/or +/-0.001°) between the images of the two cameras of the stereo camera system.
- the calibration data generated are checked by at least partially applying them to the captured images and/or the captured further images and evaluating a result of the application, with method steps 201 to 207 being repeated at least partially if an evaluation result at least one specified criterion is not met.
- the at least one specified criterion can include, for example, maximum values for an offset and/or a rotation between the images of the two cameras of the stereo camera system, maximum values for distortion of the cameras and/or maximum values for an edge drop in brightness (camera vignetting), etc . If the calibration data are optimized and/or checked, the calibration data and the other calibration data are stored in a method step 208 for use in the field in the medical microscope. The procedure is then ended 209.
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Abstract
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Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102022200821.9A DE102022200821B9 (de) | 2022-01-25 | 2022-01-25 | Verfahren zum Kalibrieren eines stereoskopischen medizinischen Mikroskops und medizinische Mikroskopanordnung |
| PCT/EP2023/051629 WO2023144121A1 (de) | 2022-01-25 | 2023-01-24 | Verfahren zum kalibrieren eines stereoskopischen medizinischen mikroskops und medizinische mikroskopanordnung |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| EP4469753A1 true EP4469753A1 (de) | 2024-12-04 |
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| EP23702401.3A Pending EP4469753A1 (de) | 2022-01-25 | 2023-01-24 | Verfahren zum kalibrieren eines stereoskopischen medizinischen mikroskops und medizinische mikroskopanordnung |
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| US (1) | US20240386609A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP4469753A1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN118984924A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102022200821B9 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2023144121A1 (de) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10149750A1 (de) | 2001-03-09 | 2002-09-19 | Tecmath Ag | Handgeführter 3D-Scanner |
| US6819805B2 (en) * | 2001-05-02 | 2004-11-16 | Agilent Technologies, Inc. | Method and apparatus for brightness equalization of images taken with point source illumination |
| DE10225193B4 (de) | 2002-06-06 | 2004-08-12 | Leica Microsystems (Schweiz) Ag | Verfahren zur Kalibrierung der Vergrößerung eines Mikroskops sowie kalibrierbares Mikroskop |
| DE102004020663A1 (de) | 2004-04-24 | 2005-11-10 | Carl Zeiss Meditec Ag | Einrichtung zur Beleuchtung organischer Objekte |
| DE102004041115A1 (de) | 2004-08-24 | 2006-03-09 | Tbs Holding Ag | Verfahren und Anordnung zur Erfassung biometrischer Daten |
| EP2119397B1 (de) | 2008-05-15 | 2013-12-18 | Brainlab AG | Bestimmung einer Kalibrier-Information für ein Röntgengerät |
| WO2013103870A1 (en) * | 2012-01-04 | 2013-07-11 | The Trustees Of Dartmouth College | Method and apparatus for calibration of stereo-optical three-dimensional surface-mapping system |
| DE102012102915A1 (de) | 2012-04-03 | 2013-10-10 | Gea Farm Technologies Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur optischen Bestimmung einer Position und/oder Orientierung eines Objekts im Raum |
| DE102014210099B3 (de) * | 2014-05-27 | 2015-10-22 | Carl Zeiss Meditec Ag | Verfahren zur bildbasierten Kalibrierung von Mehrkamerasystemen mit einstellbarem Fokus und / oder Zoom |
| DE102015219709A1 (de) * | 2015-10-12 | 2017-04-13 | Carl Zeiss Microscopy Gmbh | Bildkorrekturverfahren und Mikroskop |
| CA2981726C (en) | 2017-10-06 | 2018-12-04 | Synaptive Medical (Barbados) Inc. | Surgical optical zoom system |
| DE102018101162B4 (de) | 2018-01-19 | 2023-09-21 | Hochschule Reutlingen | Messsystem und Verfahren zur extrinsischen Kalibrierung |
| JP7379373B2 (ja) | 2018-04-27 | 2023-11-14 | アルコン インコーポレイティド | 立体視覚化カメラ及び統合ロボットプラットフォーム |
| DE102018125422B4 (de) * | 2018-10-15 | 2020-12-24 | Karl Storz Se & Co. Kg | Verfahren zum Prüfen oder Kalibrieren einer Stereo-Bilderfassungsvorrichtung |
| DE102019131646A1 (de) | 2019-11-22 | 2021-05-27 | Carl Zeiss Meditec Ag | Stativ für eine optische Beobachtungseinheit, optisches Beobachtungsgerät, Verfahren zum Kalibrieren eines optischen Beobachtungsgeräts sowie Computerprogramm |
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- 2022-01-25 DE DE102022200821.9A patent/DE102022200821B9/de active Active
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- 2023-01-24 CN CN202380018157.4A patent/CN118984924A/zh active Pending
- 2023-01-24 WO PCT/EP2023/051629 patent/WO2023144121A1/de not_active Ceased
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- 2024-07-25 US US18/784,879 patent/US20240386609A1/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2023144121A1 (de) | 2023-08-03 |
| CN118984924A (zh) | 2024-11-19 |
| DE102022200821B3 (de) | 2023-01-12 |
| DE102022200821B9 (de) | 2023-05-25 |
| US20240386609A1 (en) | 2024-11-21 |
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