EP4437063A1 - Composition bitumineuse comprenant des déchets plastiques à base d'aluminium, procédés et utilisations - Google Patents
Composition bitumineuse comprenant des déchets plastiques à base d'aluminium, procédés et utilisationsInfo
- Publication number
- EP4437063A1 EP4437063A1 EP22826673.0A EP22826673A EP4437063A1 EP 4437063 A1 EP4437063 A1 EP 4437063A1 EP 22826673 A EP22826673 A EP 22826673A EP 4437063 A1 EP4437063 A1 EP 4437063A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- mass
- plastic waste
- bituminous composition
- bituminous
- composition according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/20—Agglomeration, binding or encapsulation of solid waste
- B09B3/21—Agglomeration, binding or encapsulation of solid waste using organic binders or matrix
- B09B3/23—Binders with asphalt
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L95/00—Compositions of bituminous materials, e.g. asphalt, tar, pitch
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B2101/00—Type of solid waste
- B09B2101/75—Plastic waste
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K3/08—Metals
- C08K2003/0812—Aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2207/00—Properties characterising the ingredient of the composition
- C08L2207/20—Recycled plastic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2555/00—Characteristics of bituminous mixtures
- C08L2555/30—Environmental or health characteristics, e.g. energy consumption, recycling or safety issues
- C08L2555/34—Recycled or waste materials, e.g. reclaimed bitumen, asphalt, roads or pathways, recycled roof coverings or shingles, recycled aggregate, recycled tires, crumb rubber, glass or cullet, fly or fuel ash, or slag
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10C—WORKING-UP PITCH, ASPHALT, BITUMEN, TAR; PYROLIGNEOUS ACID
- C10C3/00—Working-up pitch, asphalt, bitumen
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/80—Packaging reuse or recycling, e.g. of multilayer packaging
Definitions
- Bituminous composition comprising aluminum-based plastic waste, methods and uses
- the present invention aims to provide new bituminous compositions offering a new way of recycling plastic waste.
- it is proposed to substitute part of the bitumen base used in the bituminous compositions, with specific plastic waste, comprising aluminum.
- the invention provides alternative bituminous compositions to those of the prior art, used in various applications, and in particular in the road sector.
- the bituminous compositions and processes for manufacturing such compositions proposed in the context of the invention provide new possibilities for recycling plastic waste, and are therefore particularly advantageous, from an ecological point of view and for reducing the carbon footprint.
- the bituminous compositions according to the invention also have an attractive cost price, due to the use of recycled plastic waste.
- bituminous compositions including plastic waste is the main challenge, due to the low compatibility of such waste with bitumen, and in particular such waste including polyolefins constituting the major part of the plastic waste to be recycled. , and their tendency to cream in the bitumen.
- the invention provides a solution to this problem, by using specific aluminum-based plastic waste.
- the invention relates to a bituminous composition obtained by incorporating plastic waste particles into a bitumen base, characterized in that the plastic waste particles comprise a polymer part and aluminum and in that the aluminum represents from 10 to 25% by mass, and preferably from 15 to 20% by mass, of the mass of the plastic waste particles incorporated. Furthermore, the aluminum represents from 0.1 to 1.5% by mass, and preferably from 0.2 to 1% by mass, of the mass of the bituminous composition.
- the invention also relates to a bituminous composition
- a bituminous composition comprising plastic waste, characterized in that said plastic waste comprises a polymer part and aluminum, the aluminum representing from 0.1 to 1.5% by weight, and preferably from 0.2 to 1% by mass, of the mass of the bituminous composition. Furthermore, aluminum represents from 10 to 25% by mass, and preferably from 15 to 20% by mass, of the mass of plastic waste present in the bituminous composition.
- compositions according to the invention can therefore be qualified as stable on storage at 180° C. for 3 days, in particular under the conditions of evaluation in standard NF-EN 13399.
- bituminous compositions according to of the invention regardless of the implementation variant, have, after storage at 180°C for 3 days, a ring ball temperature difference measured according to standard NF-EN 13399, less than or equal to 5°C and have, after storage at 180° C. for 3 days, a difference in needle penetration at 25° C., measured according to standard NF-EN 13399, of less than or equal to 26 1/10 mm.
- bituminous compositions according to the invention whatever the variant of implementation, have, after storage at 180° C.
- bituminous compositions according to the invention correspond to a class 2, according to standard EN 14023.
- standard NF-EN 13399 a sample of the bituminous composition, the stability of which is to be assessed, is kept in a vertical container at a temperature of 180° C., for three days. After the sample has cooled, this sample is divided into three equal parts.
- the two extreme portions are then analyzed to assess any differences in their characteristics.
- the difference considered in bead-ring temperatures or needle penetrability at 25°C is the difference observed between the value obtained for the upper part (denoted Pene H or TBA H in the examples) and the lower part (denoted Pene B or TBA B in the examples), after storage at 180° C. for 3 days.
- the target is bituminous compositions of class 2 in difference in bead-ring temperatures (less than or equal to 5° C.) and also class 2 in difference in penetrability (less than or equal to 9 1/10 mm). It can also be noted that in the case of compositions which are really unstable, one clearly visually sees a greater quantity of polymer in the upper portion of the sample, so that it is not necessary to measure the Pene H, Pene B, TBA H and TBA B.
- the mass of plastic waste present in a bituminous composition according to the invention represents from 0.7 to 8% by mass, and preferably from 0.9 to 6% by mass, of the mass of the bituminous composition.
- This mass is equivalent to the mass of plastic waste particles which is incorporated or added in the bituminous composition, and which is therefore necessary for its preparation.
- the polymer part of the plastic waste represents from 0.5 to 7% by mass, and preferably from 0.7 to 5% by mass, of the bituminous composition.
- the polymer part represents from 75 to 90% by mass, and preferably 75 to 85% by mass, and in particular from 80 to 85% by mass, of the mass of the plastic waste.
- the plastic waste is divided into areas of a lower average size to 14 m, in particular in domains with an average size of less than 10 ⁇ m and, preferably, in domains with an average size in the range going from 0.1 to 8 ⁇ m.
- the plastic waste is divided into areas whose D90 is less than 20 ⁇ m, in particular less than 18 ⁇ m, and preferably belonging to the range going from 2 and 15 ⁇ m.
- the plastic waste is divided into domains with an average size in the range running from 0.1 to 8 ⁇ m and having a D90 in the range running from 2 and 15 ⁇ m.
- the average size and the D90 of the domains can, in particular, be determined using an optical microscope by fluorescence reflection under UV excitation, in particular at a wavelength of 470 nm.
- the image analyzed will comprise at least 50 domains, advantageously at least 100 domains, so as to be representative of the bituminous composition analyzed.
- average size is meant the arithmetic mean of the sizes measured on an image obtained by optical microscopy, in particular with an optical microscope by reflection of fluorescence under UV excitation, in particular at a wavelength of 470 nm.
- the size of a domain corresponds to the largest measurable size for the domain considered, on the image obtained by optical microscopy, in particular with an optical microscope by reflection of fluorescence under UV excitation, in particular at a wavelength of 470nm.
- the D90 is defined as being the size of domains for which 90% in number of domains have a size less than or equal to this value. For example, a microscope and a method as described in the examples could be used, to obtain the image which is analyzed, for calculating the average size and the D90 of the areas formed by the plastic waste within the bituminous composition.
- the plastic waste is, in particular, from food packaging(s), and in particular from food bricks.
- the polymer part of the plastic waste comprises at least one thermoplastic polymer chosen from polyethylene, ethylene vinyl alcohol and polypropylene. It is the most commonly used polymers in food packaging, in association with aluminum foils.
- the polymer part of the plastic waste does not include high density polyethylene (HDPE).
- the polymer part comprises low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and not high-density polyethylene, nor a high-density polyethylene/low-density polyethylene mixture, which is more favorable to obtaining optimum stability at high temperature.
- the bitumen base generally represents at least 60% by mass, preferably at least 70% by mass, or even at least 79% by mass, preferably from 90 to 99.5% by mass, in particular from 92% to 99.3% by mass, and in particular from 94 to 99.1% by mass, of the mass of the bituminous composition.
- the bitumen base represents from 90 to 99.5% by mass, in particular from 92% to 99.3% by mass, and preferably from 94 to 99.1% by mass, when the bituminous composition does not comprise any other component polymer, or even no other additives, than the polymer part of plastic waste.
- a bituminous composition according to the invention further comprises one or more additional polymers chosen from olefinic polymers and elastomers, in particular from olefinic polymers and crosslinked or crosslinkable elastomers, representing, preferably, from 0.05 to 10% by mass, preferentially from 0.1 to 8% by mass, and even more preferably from 0.3 to 6% by mass, of the mass of the bituminous composition.
- additional polymers chosen from olefinic polymers and elastomers, in particular from olefinic polymers and crosslinked or crosslinkable elastomers, representing, preferably, from 0.05 to 10% by mass, preferentially from 0.1 to 8% by mass, and even more preferably from 0.3 to 6% by mass, of the mass of the bituminous composition.
- the plastic waste particles are found, before incorporation into the bituminous composition, in the form of agglomerates from multilayer waste, said multilayer waste comprising at least one aluminum layer associated with at least one layer of thermoplastic polymer.
- the invention also relates to a method for preparing a bituminous composition, in particular as described in the context of the invention, comprising the incorporation, in a bitumen base, under mixing and heating, of waste particles plastics that include a polymer part and aluminum and in which the aluminum preferably represents from 10 to 25% by mass, and preferably from 15 to 20% by mass, of the mass of the plastic waste incorporated.
- the mixing is carried out for a time and with appropriate stirring, to obtain a homogeneous distribution and a dispersion of the plastic waste within the bituminous composition obtained.
- the incorporation and the mixing are carried out, under heating at a temperature belonging to the range going from 120 to 200°C, and preferentially to the range going from 150 to 180°C.
- the incorporation of the plastic waste and the mixing are carried out, under heating to a temperature higher than the melting point of the polymer part of the plastic waste.
- Such an implementation facilitates the distribution of plastic waste in the bituminous composition.
- the method according to the invention comprises a step of mixing the bituminous composition with stirring at a speed of 100 to 600 revolutions / minute, preferably from 200 to 400 revolutions / minute and for a period of 2 to 30 hours, preferably from 6 to 24 hours.
- a mixing step makes it possible, in particular, to distribute the plastic waste in said composition.
- This step is called the “homogenization step” in the examples.
- the method according to the invention may further comprise a prior step of reducing the size of the plastic waste particles, after their incorporation into the bitumen base, with stirring at a speed of 2000 to 6000 rpm, preferentially from 4000 to 5000 revolutions/minute and for a period of 5 to 60 minutes, preferentially from 15 to 30 minutes.
- This step is optional and is named in the examples “grinding step”. It is carried out before the so-called homogenization step.
- bituminous compositions according to the invention find different applications. Also, the invention also relates to:
- bituminous binders comprising a bituminous composition according to the invention
- bituminous composition according to the invention as a bituminous binder in a bituminous mix comprising a bituminous composition according to the invention, aggregates, and optionally mineral and/or synthetic fillers; as well as the methods for preparing such a bituminous mix;
- bituminous composition according to the invention as a bituminous binder in an asphalt comprising a bituminous composition according to the invention, and mineral and/or synthetic fillers; as well as the processes for preparing such an asphalt;
- bituminous composition according to the invention as a bituminous binder in a surface dressing, a hot mix, a cold mix, a cold poured mix, a grave emulsion or a wearing course , which comprises a bituminous composition according to the invention, aggregates and/or recycling millings; as well as the processes for preparing such a surface dressing, hot mix, cold mix, cold mix, such a serious emulsion or wearing course.
- % m/m % by mass, relative to the total mass of the composition
- bitumen compositions modified by adding at least one additive or adjuvant, also called bituminous compositions. These may comprise one or more bitumens.
- the bitumen(s) present in the bituminous compositions according to the invention are called "bitumen base" and constitute(s) a majority content of the composition, that is to say represent(s) in general at least 60% by mass, of the total mass of the bituminous composition, and preferably at least 70%, or at least 79%, or at least 80%, or even at least 89%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or even at least 99% by mass of the total mass of the bituminous composition.
- bitumen or bitumens used are advantageously chosen from bitumens originating from the refining of crude oil, in particular bitumens containing asphaltenes or pitches.
- the bitumens can be obtained by conventional processes for the manufacture of bitumens in refineries, in particular by direct distillation and/or vacuum distillation of petroleum. These bitumens can optionally be visbroken and/or deasphalted and/or air-rectified.
- bituminous compositions In the conventional methods for manufacturing bituminous compositions, the process is carried out at manufacturing temperatures of between 90° C. and 230° C., preferably between 120° C. and 200° C., and with stirring for a period of at least 10 minutes. , preferably between 30 minutes and 10 hours, more preferably between 1 hour and 6 hours.
- manufacturing temperature is meant the heating temperature of the bitumen(s) before mixing with the additives.
- the heating temperature and duration vary according to the quantity of bitumen used and are defined by standard NF EN 12594.
- Blown bitumens can be produced in a blowing unit, by passing a flow of air and/or oxygen through a starting bitumen or mixture of bitumens.
- This operation can be carried out in the presence of an oxidation catalyst, for example phosphoric acid.
- an oxidation catalyst for example phosphoric acid.
- the blowing is carried out at high temperatures, of the order of 200 to 300° C., for relatively long durations typically comprised between 30 minutes and 2 hours, continuously or in batches.
- the blowing time and temperature are adjusted according to the properties targeted for the blown bitumen and according to the quality of the starting bitumen.
- bitumens which can be used according to the invention, mention may also be made of recycling bitumens.
- bitumens can be hard or soft grade bitumens, and in particular a 35/50, 10/20, 20/30, 70/100 or 160/220 grade bitumen, or a mixture of such bitumens.
- the bitumen bases that can be used in the context of the invention preferably have a penetrability, measured at 25° C. according to standard EN 1426, of 5 to 330 1/10 mm, preferably between 10 to 220 1/ 10 mm, more preferably from 10 to 120 1/10 mm.
- a penetrability measured at 25° C. according to standard EN 1426
- the so-called “needle penetrability” measurement is carried out by means of a standardized test NF EN 1426 at 25° C. (Pene). This penetrability characteristic is expressed in tenths of a millimeter (dmm or 1/10 mm). Needle penetrability, measured at 25°C, according to the standardized test NF EN 1426, represents the measurement of the penetration into a sample of bitumen, after a time of 5 seconds, of a needle whose weight with its support is 100 g.
- Aluminum-based plastic waste is, in particular, from the recycling of food packaging, and, more specifically, food bricks.
- Many food bricks in particular for dairy products, sweet desserts, fatty semi-liquid foods or others, consist of a multilayer assembly of one or more sheets of paper, one or more plastic films, most often with at at least one layer of polyolefin and in particular of polyethylene, and of one or more sheets of aluminum.
- Multilayer waste comprising at least one layer of aluminum associated with at least one layer of thermoplastic polymer, in particular chosen from polyethylene, ethylene vinyl alcohol and polypropylene, are particularly suitable for use in the manufacture of bituminous compositions according to the invention.
- plastic waste in the form of particles which include a polymer part and aluminum.
- this waste is qualified as plastic waste or recycled plastic, although such waste includes a share of aluminium.
- waste we mean that they come from a first use.
- the raw waste has undergone a treatment leading to the form of particles, which will be introduced into the bituminous compositions according to the invention.
- aluminum represents from 10 to 25% by mass, and preferably from 15 to 20% by mass, of the mass of the plastic waste particles used in the context of the invention.
- the polymeric part generally comprises or even consists of one or more thermoplastic polymers, chosen in particular from polyethylene, ethylene vinyl alcohol and polypropylene.
- the polymer part of the plastic waste particles used in the context of the invention represents from 75 to 90% by mass, and preferably from 80 to 85% by mass, of the mass of the plastic waste particles.
- the plastic waste particles comprise from 75 to 90% by mass, and preferably from 80 to 85% by mass of one or more thermoplastic polymers, chosen in particular from polyethylene, ethylene vinyl alcohol and polypropylene.
- the polymer part of the plastic waste particles used in the context of the invention does not include high density polyethylene.
- the polymeric part comprises low-density polyethylene and not high-density polyethylene, nor a high-density polyethylene/low-density polyethylene mixture, which is more favorable to obtaining optimum stability at high temperature, bituminous compositions obtained.
- the treatment of waste, and in particular of food packaging can include one or more operations of separation, grinding, agglomeration, extrusion, or other...
- One of the treatments that is often implemented aims to separate the paper from the rest of the packaging, which therefore essentially comprises the polymeric part and the aluminum of the initial packaging.
- Aluminum-based plastic waste that can be used in the context of the invention is, in particular, described in the publication "Recycling of postconsumer multilayer Tetra Pak® packaging with the Selective Dissolution-Precipitation process", Resources, Conservation & Recycling 165, 2021 , 105268 (9 pages).
- the plastic waste which will be introduced into the bituminous compositions according to the invention, is, before their introduction, in a fragmented form, which is called in the context of the invention particles.
- particles it is meant that the plastic waste is, before its introduction into the bituminous compositions according to the invention, in the form of discrete elements of small size, that is to say of a size less than 1 cm , preferably less than 7 mm, especially in the range from 100 microns to 7 mm.
- the measured size corresponds to the largest size of a particle, given that the latter may be of irregular shape.
- plastic waste can undergo one or more shaping operations, leading to the formation of aggregates or agglomerates which may be in the form of particles of irregular shape and size. They can also undergo an extrusion operation then leading to particles of more regular shape and size, even possibly of different compositions, if a compound is added during extrusion.
- plastic waste which will be introduced into the bituminous compositions according to the invention can therefore be found, before their introduction, in the form of extrudates, or, preferably, of aggregates or agglomerates, named in the frame of the invention generically particles.
- the plastic waste particles which will be introduced into the bituminous compositions according to the invention comprise aluminum in sheet or sheet form.
- Aluminum is found in plastic waste particles in the form of fragments of the initial layers of aluminum present in the packaging.
- the plastic waste is distributed in said composition and loses the shape and the size of the particles that they had before their introduction.
- the plastic waste introduced ultimately forms discrete domains in said composition.
- the distribution of plastic waste is homogeneous, within the bituminous composition.
- bituminous compositions according to the invention may also include one or more additional polymers.
- an olefinic polymer and/or an elastomer, in particular a crosslinked or crosslinkable elastomer can also be incorporated/present in the bituminous compositions according to the invention.
- bituminous compositions according to the invention may, in particular, comprise one or more olefinic polymers chosen in particular from: (a1) random or block copolymers, preferably random, of ethylene and of a monomer chosen from acrylate glycidyl and glycidyl methacrylate, comprising from 50% to 99.7% by mass, preferably from 60% to 95% by mass, more preferably 60% to 90% by mass of ethylene;
- (c1) the copolymers resulting from the grafting of a monomer B chosen from glycidyl acrylate and glycidyl methacrylate, onto a polymeric substrate;
- the polymeric substrate is chosen from polyethylenes, in particular low-density polyethylenes, polypropylenes, random or block copolymers, preferably random, of ethylene and vinyl acetate and random or block copolymers, preferably random, ethylene and C1 to C6 alkyl acrylate or C1 to C6 alkyl methacrylate, comprising from 40% to 99.7% by mass, preferably from 50% to 99% by mass of ethylene; preferably said graft copolymers comprising from 0.5% to 15% by mass, preferably from 2.5% to 15% by mass of graft units derived from monomer B.
- bituminous compositions according to the invention may, in particular, comprise one or more elastomers, in particular chosen from crosslinked or crosslinkable elastomers.
- the crosslinked elastomers will be introduced in their crosslinkable form into the compositions according to the invention and crosslinked in situ.
- Such elastomers known to be incorporated into a composition bituminous are, in particular, the copolymers SB (block copolymer of styrene and butadiene), SBS (block copolymer of styrene-butadiene-styrene), SIS (styrene-isoprene-styrene), SBS* (block copolymer of styrene-butadiene- star styrene), SBR (styrene-b-butadiene-rubber), EPDM (ethylene propylene diene modified).
- SB block copolymer of styrene and butadiene
- SBS block copolymer of styrene-butadiene-styrene
- SIS styrene-isoprene-styrene
- SBS* block copolymer of styrene-butadiene- star st
- a bituminous composition according to the invention comprises from 0.05% to 10% by mass, preferably from 0.1% to 8% by mass and preferentially from 0.3 to 6% by mass, relative to the total mass of said bituminous composition, of additional polymer(s), chosen from olefinic polymers and/or elastomers, in particular chosen from olefinic polymers and/or crosslinked or crosslinkable elastomers , and advantageously selected from those specifically described in this section.
- compositions according to the invention are provided.
- compositions according to the invention are given below. These quantities may be used independently of each other. Of course, they can be used in combination and all the possible combinations of the ranges specified below are envisaged within the scope of the invention.
- the widest mass % ranges given for each of the components may be used in combination, or even the intermediate mass % ranges given for each of the components may be used in combination, or even the ranges of % the most restricted masses given for each of the components may be used in combination.
- compositions according to the invention comprise, or even consist of:
- - plastic waste comprising a polymer part and aluminum, which represent from 0.7 to 8% by mass, and preferably from 0.9 to 6% by mass, of the mass of the bituminous composition, with the aluminum preferably representing from 0.1 to 1.5% by mass, and preferably from 0.2 to 1% by mass, of the mass of the bituminous composition.
- compositions according to the invention comprise, or even consist of:
- - plastic waste comprising a polymer part and aluminum, which represent from 0.7 to 8% by mass, and preferably from 0.9 to 6% by mass, of the mass of the bituminous composition, with the aluminum representing preferably from 0.1 to 1.5% by mass, and preferably from 0.2 to 1% by mass, of the mass of the bituminous composition,
- bituminous composition from 0.1% to 8% by mass and preferably from 0.3 to 6% by mass, relative to the total mass of said bituminous composition, of one or more additional polymer(s), chosen ( s) from olefinic polymers and/or elastomers, in particular chosen from olefinic polymers and/or crosslinked or crosslinkable elastomers, and preferably from those specifically described in the present description.
- additional polymer(s) chosen ( s) from olefinic polymers and/or elastomers, in particular chosen from olefinic polymers and/or crosslinked or crosslinkable elastomers, and preferably from those specifically described in the present description.
- the polymer part of the plastic waste advantageously represents from 0.5 to 7% by weight, and preferably from 0.7 to 5% by weight, of the bituminous composition.
- the polymer part of the plastic waste comprises at least one thermoplastic polymer chosen from polyethylene, ethylene vinyl alcohol and polypropylene.
- the polymer part of the plastic waste does not include high density polyethylene.
- the polymeric part comprises low density polyethylene, and not high density polyethylene, no more than a high density polyethylene/low density polyethylene mixture.
- the plastic waste is divided into areas whose D90 is less than 20 ⁇ m, in particular less than 18 ⁇ m, and preferably belonging to the range going from 2 and 15 ⁇ m.
- the plastic waste forms discrete domains.
- the plastic waste is divided into areas of an average size less than 14 ⁇ m, in particular in domains of an average size of less than 10 ⁇ m and, preferably, in domains of an average size in the range going from 0.1 to 8 ⁇ m.
- the discrete domains are distributed homogeneously within the bituminous composition according to the invention.
- bituminous compositions according to the invention are stable in storage at high temperature, despite the presence of plastic waste.
- the bituminous compositions according to the invention regardless of the implementation variant, have, after storage at 180° C. for 3 days, a ring ball temperature difference measured according to standard NF-EN 13399, lower or equal to 5°C and exhibit, after storage at 180°C for 3 days, a difference in needle penetration at 25°C, measured according to standard NF-EN 13399, of less than or equal to 26 1/10 mm , and preferably less than or equal to 9 1/10 mm.
- bituminous compositions of the invention can be prepared by any method known to those skilled in the art. Typically, these processes include mixing the components and heating the resulting mixture.
- the bitumen can be heated before mixing. Usually, the bitumen is heated before mixing, and the additive or additives are added to the bitumen without having been heated beforehand.
- a bitumen composition is prepared by bringing into contact:
- plastic waste comprising a polymeric part and aluminum, introduced in a quantity such that the plastic waste preferably represent from 0.7 to 8% by mass, and preferably from 0.9 to 6% by mass, of the mass of the final bituminous composition obtained, with the aluminum preferably representing from 0.1 to 1.5 % by mass, and preferably from 0.2 to 1% by mass, of the mass of the final bituminous composition obtained,
- the said additional polymer(s) is (are) introduced in an amount such as to represent, preferably, from 0.05% to 10% by mass, preferably from 0.1 % to 8% by mass and preferably from 0.3 to 6% by mass, of the mass of the final bituminous composition obtained.
- the mixture of the bitumen and the plastic waste particles, or even of the other additive(s) present, can be carried out at a temperature ranging from 120 to 200° C., and preferably ranging from 150 at 180°C.
- Such a mixture is produced with stirring, so as to facilitate the dispersion and good distribution of the particles of plastic waste introduced into the bitumen which will constitute the matrix of the composition, optionally in association with the polymer(s). ) additional(s).
- the conditions are adapted to lead to obtaining a homogeneous mixture and the distribution of plastic waste.
- plastic waste is found in the form of small domains.
- those skilled in the art will adjust the stirring time and power, as well as the mixing temperature, in particular according to the bitumen, or even the additional polymer(s), to have a molten mixture, and the size and quantity of the plastic waste particles.
- the mixing is carried out in such a way as to promote good distribution of the plastic waste, or even of the additional polymer(s), in the final bituminous composition obtained.
- the mixing conditions, and in particular the heating temperature, the time and the stirring power are chosen so that, ultimately, in the bituminous composition obtained, the plastic waste are divided into domains whose D90 is less than 20 ⁇ m, in particular less than 18 ⁇ m, and preferably belonging to the range extending from 2 and 15 ⁇ m.
- the plastic waste is divided into areas of an average size of less than 14 ⁇ m, in particular into areas of an average size of less than 10 ⁇ m and, preferably, into areas of an average size in the range of 0.1 to 8 ⁇ m.
- the mixing conditions are adapted to obtain, advantageously, bituminous compositions according to the invention, which, after storage at 180° C. for 3 days, have a ring ball temperature difference measured according to the NF-EN standard.
- 13399 less than or equal to 5°C and exhibit, after storage at 180°C for 3 days, a difference in needle penetration at 25°C, measured according to standard NF-EN 13399, less than or equal to 26 1 /10 mm, and preferably less than or equal to 9 1/10 mm.
- bitumen or mixture of bitumens used for the manufacture of the composition is heated and stirred beforehand, before incorporating the other constituents of the composition.
- the incorporation of plastic waste is, in general, carried out, while the bitumen is maintained at a temperature belonging to the range going from 120 to 200°C, and preferentially to the range going from 150 to 180°C.
- the constituents can be introduced at the same time or in sequence. Heating is maintained throughout the process, and the heating temperature can be modulated during the process. Agitation can be maintained or interrupted intermittently if necessary, or modulated during the process.
- the incorporation of the plastic waste and the mixing are carried out, under heating to a temperature higher than the melting point of the polymer part of the plastic waste.
- Such an implementation facilitates the distribution of plastic waste in the bituminous composition.
- the method according to the invention comprises a homogenization step which makes it possible, in particular, to distribute the plastic waste in said composition.
- a homogenization step is in particular a step of mixing the various constituents, with stirring at a speed of 100 to 600 rpm, preferably 200 to 400 rpm and for a period of 2 to 30 hours, preferably 6 to 24 hours. , while the mixture is heated to a temperature belonging to the range from 120 to 200°C, and preferably to the range from 150 to 180°C.
- the method according to the invention may also comprise a step prior to this homogenization step, during which greater agitation is applied.
- a mixture can be carried out, with stirring at a speed of 2000 to 6000 revolutions/minute, preferentially from 4000 to 5000 revolutions/minute and for a period of 5 to 60 minutes, preferentially from 15 to 30 minutes.
- This step is optional and is intended to reduce, in particular when the particles of plastic waste introduced are larger in size, the size of said particles of plastic waste, after their incorporation into the bitumen base.
- the crosslinked elastomers will be introduced in crosslinkable form into the compositions according to the invention and crosslinked in situ.
- bituminous compositions capable of being obtained by such processes also form an integral part of the invention.
- bituminous compositions obtained according to the invention can be used as bituminous binder.
- the bituminous binder or the bituminous composition according to the invention can in turn be used to prepare a combination with aggregates, in particular road aggregates.
- the invention relates in particular to bituminous mixes as materials for the construction and maintenance of roadways and their surfacing, as well as for carrying out all road works.
- bituminous mix a mixture of a bituminous binder with aggregates and optionally mineral and/or synthetic fillers.
- the bituminous mix comprises a bituminous binder as described in the context of the invention, and optionally mineral and/or synthetic fillers, preferably chosen from fines, sand, gravel and recycled millings.
- the aggregates are mineral and/or synthetic aggregates, in particular recycled millings, with dimensions greater than 2 mm, preferably between 2 mm and 20 mm.
- the invention also relates to a process for preparing a bituminous mix comprising the hot mixing of a bituminous composition according to the invention, with aggregates, and optionally mineral and/or synthetic fillers.
- bituminous binder according to the invention can advantageously be used to prepare a surface dressing, a hot mix, a cold mix, a cold mix or a grave emulsion.
- the invention also relates to asphalts as materials for manufacturing and covering sidewalks.
- asphalt is meant a mixture of bituminous binder with mineral and/or synthetic fillers.
- An asphalt comprises a bituminous composition as described in the context of the invention and mineral fillers such as fines, sand or gravel and/or synthetic fillers.
- the mineral fillers consist of fines (particles with dimensions less than 0.063 mm), sand (particles with dimensions between 0.063 mm and 2 mm) and optionally gravel (particles with dimensions greater than 2 mm, preferably between 2 mm and 4mm).
- Asphalt has 100% compactness and is mainly used to make and cover sidewalks, while asphalt has less than 100% compactness and is used to make roads. Unlike asphalt mixes, asphalts are not compacted with a roller during their placement.
- the invention also relates to a process for preparing an asphalt comprising the hot mixing of a bituminous composition according to the invention, with mineral and/or synthetic fillers.
- bitumen composition in various industrial applications, in particular for preparing a sealing coating, a membrane or an impregnation layer.
- bituminous compositions mention may be made of the manufacture of waterproofing membranes, anti-noise membranes, insulation membranes, surface coatings, carpet tiles, impregnation layers.
- Figure 1 presents photographs highlighting the appearance and shape of plastic waste particles used in the examples. On the right, the graduations are in centimeters.
- Figure 2 shows an image obtained by fluorescence reflection microscopy under UV of a bituminous composition according to the invention comprising 1% m/m of plastic waste, the scale appearing at the bottom right corresponding to 200 ⁇ m.
- Figure 3 shows an image obtained by fluorescence reflection microscopy under UV of a bituminous composition outside the invention comprising 1% m/m of plastic waste, the scale appearing at the bottom right corresponding to 200 ⁇ m.
- Figure 4 shows an image obtained by fluorescence reflection microscopy under UV of a bituminous composition according to the invention comprising 3% m/m of plastic waste, the scale appearing at the bottom right corresponding to 200 ⁇ m.
- Figure 5 shows an image obtained by fluorescence reflection microscopy under UV of a bituminous composition outside the invention comprising 3% m/m of plastic waste, the scale appearing at the bottom right corresponding to 200 ⁇ m.
- Figure 6 shows the evolution of the elastic recovery (%), as a function of the stress (kPa) for a bituminous composition according to the invention and a bituminous composition outside the invention.
- Figure 7 shows the evolution of the elastic recovery (%), as a function of the stress (kPa) for different bituminous compositions including different mass % of aluminum-based plastic waste.
- PE-Alu designates the plastic waste used in the examples according to the invention.
- the storage stability is evaluated at 180° C. for 3 days, by measuring the difference in penetrability and the difference in TBA according to standard EN 13399.
- the stability criteria concerning the variations in TBA and Pene tolerated are those given in standard EN 14023 relating to polymer modified bitumens. In cases of marked instability, the inhomogeneity is observed visually, the upper portion then containing agglomerates of polymer visible to the naked eye.
- compositions obtained were also observed by microscopy in fluorescence reflection mode under UV excitation, which made it possible to observe the distribution and the average size of the domains formed by the plastic waste within the bituminous composition.
- an Olympus BX51 microscope was used in UV fluorescence reflection mode at a wavelength of 470 nm.
- the images were viewed and acquired using an Olympus DP72 CCD (2/3 inch) high-resolution (12Mpixels) color digital camera, cooled by the Peltier effect.
- a drop of bituminous composition was deposited on a glass slide. This was covered with a coverslip. Observation of the structure was then carried out using a 10x magnification lens and the images were captured by the camera.
- the image processing was carried out on the images obtained with the x10 objective and thanks to the ImageJ software according to the following steps: 1) Selection of the processing area, 2) Transformation of the JPEG image into an 8bit image by coding of each pixel in gray levels, 3) Subtraction of the background by a Rolling Ball type algorithm, 4) Application of a median filter to make the contours sharper, 5) Max Entropy type thresholding to obtain a binary image.
- the number of domains formed by the plastic waste within the bituminous composition the size of each of them (the size corresponding to the largest dimension of a domain measured on the image), which makes it possible to calculate the average size (arithmetic mean of all the sizes measured), the D90 (the maximum size of 90% of the domains sorted in ascending order of size) and the Dmax (the size of the largest domain).
- compositions have also been characterized by other tests of EN 12591, by a rheological creep-recovery test of the MSCRT type according to the EN16659 standard, before and after aging by RTFOT (from the English “Rolling Thin Film Oven Test” according to EN 12607-1).
- the MSCRT test consists of a succession of creep-recovery tests at increasing stress levels carried out on a single sample at 60°C. 10 creep/recovery cycles were repeated at each stress threshold. During each cycle, the stress was applied for 1s, then the composition covered for 9s. The stress levels oO applied in this order and without rest time were: 25, 50, 100, 200, 400, 800, 1600, 3200, 6400, 12800 and 25600 Pa.
- the objective of the test was to evaluate the ability of a composition to resist permanent deformation. This permanent deformation is defined by the non-recoverable complacency criteria Jnr and the percentage of elastic recovery sr. The two criteria are calculated from experimental data:
- Yacc Deformation not recoverable after 9s of recovery (or permanent or accumulated)
- T Stress applied during the creep-recovery cycle.
- the plastic waste incorporated into the bituminous compositions according to the invention based on aluminum was in the form of particles from Tetra Pak® food bricks.
- the plastic waste particles were in the form of agglomerates of varying size.
- the size of the agglomerates was between 1 and 7 mm, approximately.
- the aluminum content was determined by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) under nitrogen (heating from 25° C. to 1000° C. at 20° C./min under N2 20 ml/min).
- the plastic waste which was introduced into the bitumen base, was also analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).
- DSC differential scanning calorimetry
- step 10 min 250°C, step 10 min, N2 50 ml/min,
- bituminous compositions were produced in a reactor, equipped with heating means and a Silverson® L5 mixer.
- the plastic waste was introduced into a bitumen base, while the latter was maintained at 180° C. and with stirring at 200 rpm.
- bitumen/plastic waste mixture was subjected or not to a grinding operation with stirring at 5000 revolutions/minute for a variable period, then to stirring at 200 or 300 revolutions/minute for a period variable, corresponding to a homogenization step. Throughout the process, the mixture was maintained at 180°C.
- Table 2 The conditions of the different protocols implemented are detailed in Table 2 below: Table 2
- compositions comprising 1% m/m of plastic waste Table 3 presents the properties of the various bituminous compositions produced according to protocol 1.
- Table 4 presents the properties of different bituminous compositions, incorporating 1% m/m of plastic waste (one according to the invention and one outside the invention) produced according to protocol 3. It appears that the elongation of step homogenization (passing from 5 to 24 hours) did not in any way improve the stability of the composition outside the invention.
- the UV microscopy images also showed that the domains formed by the plastic waste in the bitumen are much smaller in the composition according to the invention where the plastic waste comprises aluminum, then in both cases , the process included a step of prior grinding of the bitumen/plastic waste mixture.
- the TBA is higher in the case of the composition according to the invention, compared to bitumen alone, which has a TBA of 52.2° C.
- FIG. 6 shows the evolution of the elastic recovery er (%) of the two compositions, as a function of the stress (kPa). It emerges that the performance in terms of elastic recovery is much better with the bituminous composition according to the invention. 3) Variation in the amount of plastic waste incorporated
- Table 5 An image analysis by UV fluorescence microscopy was carried out to analyze the size of the domains formed by the plastic waste in the bituminous composition comprising 3% m/m of plastic waste, prepared according to protocol 2bis (figure 4).
- the average D domain size was 4.2 ⁇ m
- the maximum Dmax size was 12.6 ⁇ m
- the number of domains was 385
- the D90 was 5.6 ⁇ m (Figure 4).
- Figure 7 shows the evolution of the elastic recovery er (%) as a function of the stress (kPa), for the bituminous compositions according to the invention comprising 1% and 5% m/m of plastic waste based on aluminum made according to protocol 3 and that comprising 3% m/m, made according to protocol 2a. It appears that the performance in terms of elastic recovery is much better than that of bitumen alone which has an elastic recovery er (%) of zero regardless of the stress applied. It also emerges from this figure that the elastic recovery is dependent on the mass % of plastic waste incorporated.
- the plastic waste was introduced into the other 70/100 bitumen base, using protocol 1. As in the case of 35/50 bitumen, the plastic waste could be introduced at a level of 1 to 5% m/m, without loss of stability on storage at 180°C, to lead to a stable bituminous composition, but this in using, in all cases, protocol 1 .
- Table 6 shows the properties of the different bituminous compositions obtained.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2112324A FR3129403B1 (fr) | 2021-11-22 | 2021-11-22 | Composition bitumineuse comprenant des déchets plastiques à base d’aluminium, procédés et utilisations |
| PCT/FR2022/052119 WO2023089281A1 (fr) | 2021-11-22 | 2022-11-18 | Composition bitumineuse comprenant des déchets plastiques à base d'aluminium, procédés et utilisations |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4437063A1 true EP4437063A1 (fr) | 2024-10-02 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| EP22826673.0A Withdrawn EP4437063A1 (fr) | 2021-11-22 | 2022-11-18 | Composition bitumineuse comprenant des déchets plastiques à base d'aluminium, procédés et utilisations |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4437063A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3129403B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2023089281A1 (fr) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN119161653A (zh) * | 2024-11-21 | 2024-12-20 | 长沙理工大学 | 一种低碳高模量沥青改性剂及改性沥青与其制备方法 |
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| DE19504008A1 (de) * | 1994-02-08 | 1995-08-10 | Rainer Huelsmann | Verfahren zur Entsorgung von Kunststoffmüll |
-
2021
- 2021-11-22 FR FR2112324A patent/FR3129403B1/fr active Active
-
2022
- 2022-11-18 WO PCT/FR2022/052119 patent/WO2023089281A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2022-11-18 EP EP22826673.0A patent/EP4437063A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR3129403A1 (fr) | 2023-05-26 |
| WO2023089281A1 (fr) | 2023-05-25 |
| FR3129403B1 (fr) | 2025-05-23 |
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