EP4399946A1 - Dispositif de diodes électroluminescentes génératrices d'impulsions lumineuses - Google Patents
Dispositif de diodes électroluminescentes génératrices d'impulsions lumineusesInfo
- Publication number
- EP4399946A1 EP4399946A1 EP22789251.0A EP22789251A EP4399946A1 EP 4399946 A1 EP4399946 A1 EP 4399946A1 EP 22789251 A EP22789251 A EP 22789251A EP 4399946 A1 EP4399946 A1 EP 4399946A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- light
- pulses
- emitting diode
- current
- generator
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H05B45/30—Driver circuits
- H05B45/32—Pulse-control circuits
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H05B45/30—Driver circuits
- H05B45/345—Current stabilisation; Maintaining constant current
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to the field of generation of light pulses, in particular a device of light-emitting diodes generating light pulses.
- Light-emitting diodes or LEDs (acronym for Light Emitting Diode) are opto-electronic devices capable of emitting a light beam when an electric current passes through them. They generally emit in the visible.
- Such a device requires a particular power supply.
- the power supply circuit must ensure that the maximum current admissible by the light-emitting diode is not exceeded.
- the LED component can be supplied with direct current continuously.
- the luminous flux is in this case proportional to the junction current.
- the supply of the LED component can also be in pulsed current control mode in the form of a signal which comprises a succession of electrical pulses.
- This control mode is also known as PWM (acronym for Pulse Width Modulation).
- the intensity of the current injected is generally between 100mA and 10A, nominal current of the structure of the LED component.
- the pulse duration is usually between 10 ps and 1 ms. Between two pulses, the LED component must have time to cool down.
- the duty cycle which corresponds to the ratio between the pulse duration and the period of the pulses, must be chosen large enough for the cooling of the LED component.
- the duty cycle generally varies between 1 to 100%.
- the luminous flux varies according to the average current of the square signal.
- the PWM control mode allows the light-emitting diodes to generate light beams with a light intensity suitable for lighting.
- the light pulses generated are used mainly for lighting, they are not suitable in terms of energy density and directivity for use in fields such as the decontamination of surfaces of objects, the analysis physics of the samples, or to equip imaging devices such as a lidar (acronym for Light And Ranging). These applications mainly use light pulses generated by laser diodes which have a relatively high manufacturing cost.
- a light-emitting diode device generating light pulses comprising:
- At least one light-emitting diode suitable for emitting a light beam in a range of working wavelengths
- a supply circuit for said at least one light-emitting diode comprising a generator of an electric current signal intended to supply said at least one light-emitting diode, the current signal comprising a series of electric pulses defined according to the following parameters:
- said at least one light-emitting diode being connected to the generator to be supplied with electrical pulses so that the light beam generated comprises a series of light pulses having a pulse duration of between 1 ns and 1 ps.
- the intensity of the current delivered by the generator is n times greater than the nominal value of the supply current of said light-emitting diode, n being an integer greater than 2, preferably between 10 and 100.
- the intensity of the current delivered by the generator is between 0.1 and 240 A.
- Said at least one light-emitting diode is suitable for emitting light pulses according to a working wavelength of between 250 and 1500 nm, preferably between 250 and 800 nm.
- the device comprises at least two light-emitting diodes arranged in series, preferably ten diodes arranged in series.
- the device comprises at least two light-emitting diodes arranged in parallel.
- the device comprises at least two groups of light-emitting diodes arranged in parallel, each group comprising at least two light-emitting diodes arranged in series.
- the device further comprises a voltage source suitable for supplying the electric current generator.
- the pulse current generator and said at least one light-emitting diode are fixed on a printed circuit.
- Figure 1 is a schematic view of a light emitting diode device generating light pulses according to one embodiment.
- Figure 2 is a schematic view of a light-emitting diode device generating light pulses comprising a plurality of light-emitting diodes in parallel.
- Figure 3 is a schematic view of a light emitting diode device generating light pulses comprising a plurality of light emitting diodes in series.
- Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a light emitting diode device generating light pulses comprising a plurality of light emitting diodes in series.
- Figure 4 is a schematic view of a device of light-emitting diodes generating light pulses comprising several groups of light-emitting diodes in series, the groups being mounted in parallel.
- Figure 5 shows a curve of irradiance per pulse as a function of frequency obtained with a device of Figure 1.
- Figure 6 shows a plot of irradiance per pulse versus duty cycle obtained with a device of Figure 1.
- Figure 7 shows a curve of irradiance per pulse as a function of the current injected at 25°C with a pulse duration of 1 ps, at 20 kHz.
- Figure 8 represents a photo showing the profile of the electrical pulse (curve A) and the electrical response (curve (B) of the light-emitting diode.
- energy density means a quantity of energy per unit volume.
- frequency means the number of pulses per second.
- the irradiance designates the quantity of energy of a radiation arriving at normal incidence per unit of surface considered.
- the light pulses generated by conventional devices based on light-emitting diodes are generally used in the field of lighting. Indeed, the energy density contained in these pulses is insufficient to obtain photonic effects during the interaction between the surface of an object and the light beam. It is difficult to envisage the solution which would simply consist in increasing the number of LEDs to increase the energy density because the number of LEDs required to achieve the required energy density would make the manufacture of such a device expensive and complex. The other solution which would consist in increasing the supply current is also difficult to envisage. Indeed, LEDs operate with a nominal current generally between 10 mA and 10 A.
- the inventors of the present invention propose using a specific power supply circuit which makes it possible to drive the diodes with electric pulses of short pulse durations of less than 1 ps and in overcurrent.
- the inventors observe that the diodes powered by such electrical pulses can generate light pulses whose pulse duration is substantially equal to that of the electrical pulses.
- the shortness of the pulses makes it possible to concentrate the energy over an extremely short time window, so as to reach very high intensities.
- the fact of using light pulses makes it possible to minimize the energy deposited per pulse in order to avoid thermal effects while having a sufficient energy density to cause photonic effects at the level of the irradiated surface.
- the amount of energy generated by such light pulses makes it possible to act on the irradiated surface and to obtain photonic effects that are impossible to obtain with light pulses generated with conventional devices with LEDs which are supplied with current. continuous or electrical pulses but at pulse durations greater than 10 ps.
- the frequencies used for the light pulses also make it possible to be able to treat large surfaces.
- the device of the present disclosure is based on the use of an electrical pulse generator which drives one or more light-emitting diodes by associating a specific and optimal combination of several parameters of the current signal, namely the duration of pulse, frequency, duty cycle and current intensity.
- the device 1 comprises a light-emitting diode 6 (or “LED”), adapted to emit a light beam having a spectral profile of light intensity centered around a working wavelength.
- a light-emitting diode 6 or “LED”
- spectral profile of light intensity in a wavelength range of a diode means the different values of light intensity emitted by this diode depending on the wavelength.
- the working wavelength corresponds to the wavelength of the maximum intensity of the diode's luminous intensity spectral profile.
- the working wavelength of a diode varies between 250 and 1500 nm.
- the working wavelengths are chosen according to the needs of the applications.
- the wavelengths corresponding to the wavelength range between 100 and 280 nm allow the light beam emitted by the diode to interact superficially with the irradiated surface. These are UV-C wavelengths. Conversely, UV-A and UV-B wavelengths penetrate deep inside an object. Thus, in the context of decontamination of the surface of a fragile object, it is preferable to choose a working wavelength in a UV-C type wavelength range in order to preserve the integrity of the object.
- the light-emitting diodes are typically diodes of the LED chip type ("LED Chip”) mounted on a printed circuit 4 or PCB (Printed Circuit Board).
- the device 1 further comprises a power supply circuit intended to supply electric current to the light-emitting diode 6. More precisely, the power supply circuit comprises a generator 2 of an electric current signal comprising a series of pulses electrical. Generator 2 is also mounted on PCB 4.
- the electrical intensity signal varies as a function of time I (t) and comprises a succession of electrical pulses which are defined according to the following parameters:
- the duty cycle designates the ratio between the duration of the pulse and the period of the pulses
- the intensity of the current delivered by the generator is n times greater than the nominal value of the supply current of said light-emitting diode, n being an integer greater than 2, preferably between 10 and 100.
- the intensity of the current is between 0.1 and 240 A.
- the light-emitting diode powered by such electrical pulses is capable of generating a light beam which comprises a series of light pulses having a pulse duration of between 1 ns and 1 ps.
- the pulse profile of the diode is identical to the profile of the injected electric pulse. The shortness of the pulses makes it possible to concentrate the laser energy over an extremely short time window, so as to achieve high energy densities to interact with the environment while avoiding thermal effects.
- the energy density, also known by the term “fluence”, of each light pulse is between 0.1 and 10 nJ/cm 2 measured by a detector placed approximately 10 cm from the light-emitting diode.
- the irradiance of each pulse is between 100 and 10,000 lux (W/m 2 ) measured by a detector placed 3 m from the light-emitting diode.
- the device may comprise at least two light-emitting diodes, arranged in parallel to emit a spectral profile of light intensity centered around a working wavelength.
- the number of LEDs is not limited.
- the device 10 comprises "n” light emitting diodes arranged in parallel, "n” being an integer greater than one.
- the diodes 6 emit the light beam at the same working wavelength and have the same rated current.
- the “n” light-emitting diodes are typically diodes of the LED chip type (“LED Chip”) mounted on a printed circuit 4 or PCB (Printed Circuit Board).
- the device 10 comprises a power supply circuit intended to supply electric current to the "n" diodes.
- the power supply circuit identical to that of FIG. 1, comprises a generator of an electric current signal 2 comprising a series of electric pulses. Generator 2 is also mounted on PCB 4.
- the electrical intensity signal varies as a function of time I (t) and comprises a succession of electrical pulses which are defined according to the following parameters:
- the duty cycle designates the ratio between the duration of the pulse and the period of the pulses
- the intensity of the current delivered by the generator is n times greater than the nominal value of the supply current of said light-emitting diode, n being an integer greater than 2, preferably between 10 and 100.
- the light-emitting diodes powered by such electric pulses are capable of generating a light beam which comprises a series of light pulses having a pulse duration comprised between 1 ns and 1 ps.
- the profile of the diode pulses is identical to the profile of the injected electrical pulse.
- the energy density of each light pulse is between 10 and 100 nJ/cm 2 .
- the irradiance of each pulse is between 100 and 10,000 lux (W/m 2 ) measured by a detector placed 3 m from the light-emitting diode.
- the device comprises at least two light-emitting diodes, arranged in series to emit a spectral light intensity profile centered around a working wavelength.
- the device 20 may comprise "n" light-emitting diodes arranged in series.
- Diodes 6 emit the light beam at the same working wavelength and have the same nominal current.
- the device comprises three diodes arranged in series.
- the “n” light-emitting diodes arranged in series are typically diodes of the LED chip type (“LED Chip”) mounted on a printed circuit 4 or PCB (Printed Circuit Board).
- the device 10 comprises a power supply circuit intended to supply electric current to the “n” diodes.
- the power supply circuit identical to that of FIG. 1, comprises a generator of an electric current signal 2 comprising a series of electric pulses. Generator 2 is also mounted on PCB 4.
- the electrical intensity signal varies as a function of time I (t) and comprises a succession of electrical pulses which are defined according to the following parameters:
- the intensity of the current delivered by the generator is n times greater than the nominal value of the supply current of said light-emitting diode, n being an integer greater than 2, preferably between 10 and 100. Typically the intensity of the current delivered is between 0.1 and 240 A.
- the light-emitting diodes powered by such electrical pulses are capable of generating a light beam which comprises a series of light pulses having a pulse duration of between 1 ns and 1 ps.
- the profile of the diode pulses is identical to the profile of the injected electrical pulse.
- the energy density of each light pulse is between 10 and 1000 nJ/cm 2 .
- the irradiance of each pulse is between 1000 and 100000 lux measured by a detector placed 3 m from the light-emitting diodes.
- the device 20 comprises at least two groups of light-emitting diodes arranged in parallel. Each group comprises at least two light-emitting diodes arranged in series. The diodes emit the light beam at the same working wavelength and have the same nominal current.
- the device 20 may comprise "n" groups of light-emitting diodes arranged in parallel. Each group includes m light-emitting diodes. Preferably, the number “m” does not exceed ten.
- the device comprises three groups of diodes arranged in parallel.
- Each of the groups comprises three diodes arranged in series.
- the light-emitting diodes chosen are typically diodes of the LED chip type ("LED Chip”) mounted on a printed circuit 4 or PCB (Printed Circuit Board). They are preferably of GaN structure.
- the device 10 comprises a power supply circuit intended to supply electric current to the plurality of diodes.
- the power supply circuit identical to that of figure 1, comprises a generator of an electric current signal 2 comprising a series of electric pulses.
- Generator 2 is also mounted on PCB 4.
- the electrical intensity signal varies as a function of time I (t) and comprises a succession of electrical pulses which are defined according to the following parameters:
- the duty cycle designates the ratio between the duration of the pulse and the period of the pulses
- the intensity of the current delivered is between 0.1 and 240 A.
- the intensity of the current delivered by the generator is n times greater than the nominal value of the supply current of said light-emitting diode, n being an integer greater than 2, preferably between 10 and 100.
- the light-emitting diodes powered by such electrical pulses are capable of generating a light beam which comprises a series of light pulses having a pulse duration of between 1 ns and 1 ps.
- the profile of the diode pulses is identical to the profile of the injected electrical pulse.
- the energy density of each light pulse is between 10 and 100 nJ/cm 2 .
- the irradiance of each pulse is between 100 and 10,000 lux measured by a detector placed 3 m from the light-emitting diode.
- the device of the present invention thus makes it possible to be able to modulate the power required according to the applications targeted by the device.
- Irradiance measurements are obtained with the device of FIG. 1 as a function of the frequency of the electrical pulses, of the intensity of the injected current, of the duty cycle for a pulse duration of 1 ps.
- the diode used in this example is a diode in GaN structure and suitable for emitting a light beam with a working wavelength of 280 nm.
- the measurements are carried out at a temperature of 25°C.
- the measurements show that the device of FIG. 1 generates pulses having a form identical to that of the electrical pulses.
- Figure 5 shows a curve of irradiance as a function of the frequency of the electrical pulses with a pulse duration of 1 ps and a maximum current of 1 A.
- the behavior of the diode remains linear and therefore makes it possible to increase the frequency to obtain a higher average irradiance.
- the maximum irradiance reached is approximately 100 W/m 2 . This value corresponds to approximately 10 times the maximum irradiance reached by the same diode in direct current at 80 mA which is the rated current of the diode.
- Figure 6 shows an irradiance curve as a function of the duty cycle. Note that the behavior of the diode remains linear for a duty cycle of less than 3%.
- Figure 8 shows two curves A and B respectively representative of the injected electrical pulse and the electrical response of the diode. It is observed that the shape of the diode response signal is substantially identical to the shape of the electrical pulse.
- the light-emitting diode devices generating light pulses presented above can be applied in a wide variety of fields of application. Indeed, the device of the present invention proposes to drive one or more light-emitting diodes in electrical pulses with unconventional parameters in order to generate light pulses of duration between 1 ns and 1 ps, to confine the energy of the light beam in order to to be able to deliver a desired quantity of energy close to the light beams generated by laser diodes.
- Such light pulses thus make it possible to interact with the surface of the irradiated objects without altering their integrity. They can be used, for example, to effectively and quickly decontaminate a surface. They can also be used in the field of laser or lidar detection (acronym for light detection and ranging). Thanks to the current generator, it is possible to vary easily the parameters of the electrical pulses so as to generate light pulses with characteristics adapted according to the applications.
Landscapes
- Semiconductor Lasers (AREA)
- Led Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2109324A FR3126839B1 (fr) | 2021-09-06 | 2021-09-06 | Dispositif de diodes électroluminescentes génératrices d’impulsions lumineuses |
| PCT/FR2022/051681 WO2023031571A1 (fr) | 2021-09-06 | 2022-09-06 | Dispositif de diodes électroluminescentes génératrices d'impulsions lumineuses |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4399946A1 true EP4399946A1 (fr) | 2024-07-17 |
Family
ID=79170737
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP22789251.0A Pending EP4399946A1 (fr) | 2021-09-06 | 2022-09-06 | Dispositif de diodes électroluminescentes génératrices d'impulsions lumineuses |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4399946A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3126839B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2023031571A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IL134337A0 (en) * | 2000-02-02 | 2001-04-30 | Krainer Pini | A method for reducing energy consumption of led illuminated road marker and a high efficiency road marker using same |
| GB201707768D0 (en) * | 2017-05-15 | 2017-06-28 | Univ Of Sussex | Light pulse generating circuits and systems |
-
2021
- 2021-09-06 FR FR2109324A patent/FR3126839B1/fr active Active
-
2022
- 2022-09-06 WO PCT/FR2022/051681 patent/WO2023031571A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2022-09-06 EP EP22789251.0A patent/EP4399946A1/fr active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR3126839B1 (fr) | 2024-01-12 |
| WO2023031571A1 (fr) | 2023-03-09 |
| FR3126839A1 (fr) | 2023-03-10 |
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