EP4389333A1

EP4389333A1 - Gear cutting machine

Info

Publication number: EP4389333A1
Application number: EP23219092.6A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Giorgio PEZZO
Original assignee: M Services Srl
Current assignee: M Services Srl
Priority date: 2022-12-22
Filing date: 2023-12-21
Publication date: 2024-06-26

Abstract

The present invention concerns a gear cutting machine (10) comprising:
- first supporting means (11) positioned opposite each other;
- a first shaft (12) whose ends are constrained to the first supporting means (11) and which is configured to support a workpiece (G);
- first rotation means (13) configured to rotate the first supporting means (11);
- second supporting means (15) positioned opposite each other;
- a hob tool (14) operatively connected to the second supporting means (15);
- second rotation means (17) configured to rotate the second supporting means (15);
- at least one tool carrier module (20, 120, 220, 320, 420, 520) operatively connected to the second supporting means (15); said at least one tool carrier module (20, 120, 220, 320, 420, 520) comprises a rotary assembly (21, 221, 421) configured to receive a mechanical power (P) as an input from the second rotation means (17) and at least one output (22a, 22b) configured to support a tool (T); said at least one tool carrier module (20, 120, 220, 320, 420, 520) also comprises transmission means (23, 123) configured to transmit the mechanical power (P) from the rotary assembly (21, 221, 421) to at least one output (22a, 22b) and a containment body (40); furthermore, the containment body (40) is configured to support the rotary assembly (21, 221, 421), said at least one output (22a, 22b) and the transmission means (23, 123).

Description

The invention concerns a gear cutting machine.
Gear cutting machines for making gear wheels are currently known.
Such a gear cutting machine of the known type comprises:

first supporting means positioned opposite each other and extending along a first axis;
a first shaft whose ends are constrained to said first supporting means along said first axis; more specifically, said first shaft is configured to support a workpiece along said first axis;
first rotation means configured to rotate said first supporting means around said first axis;
second supporting means positioned opposite each other and extending along a second axis, wherein said second axis is orthogonal to the above-mentioned first axis;
a second shaft whose ends are constrained to said second supporting means along said second axis;
a hob tool operatively connected to said second shaft along said second axis;
second rotation means configured to rotate said second supporting means around said second axis;
third rotation means configured to rotate said second supporting means around a third axis, wherein said third axis is orthogonal to the above-mentioned first axis;
first translation means configured to translate said second supporting means along a fourth axis, wherein said fourth axis is parallel to the above-mentioned third axis;
second translation means configured to translate said second supporting means along a fifth axis, wherein said fifth axis is parallel to the above-mentioned second axis;
third translation means configured to translate said second supporting means along a sixth axis, wherein said sixth axis is parallel to the above-mentioned first axis.

Such a gear cutting machine, although well-known and appreciated, has some important limitations.
In particular, such a gear cutting machine of the known type only allows the creation of the envelope of the tooth spaces on a workpiece.
Therefore, to disadvantage, any additional machining of the workpiece requires the use of a different machine tool.
In addition, in order to move the workpiece to a different machine tool it is necessary to precisely align said workpiece by means of a timing procedure. Therefore, to disadvantage, said timing procedure requires precise and expensive centering instruments.
The task of the present invention is to develop a gear cutting machine that is capable of overcoming the above-mentioned drawbacks and limitations of the known technique.
In particular, it is the object of the present invention to provide a gear cutting machine that makes it possible to carry out machining operations other than the mere creation of the envelope of the tooth spaces on a workpiece.
It is also an object of the present invention to provide a gear cutting machine that does not require a timing procedure between the different machining operations carried out on the above-mentioned workpiece.
The task and the objects mentioned above are fulfilled by a gear cutting machine according to claim 1.
Further characteristics of the gear cutting machine according to claim 1 are described in the dependent claims.
The task and the above-mentioned objects, together with the advantages that will be mentioned below, are highlighted in the description of an embodiment of the invention, which is provided by way of non-limiting example, with reference to the attached drawings, wherein:

Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a gear cutting machine according to the invention;
Figure 2a shows an exploded perspective view of Figure 1;
Figure 2b shows an exploded perspective view of a gear cutting machine according to the invention;
Figure 2c shows a further exploded perspective view of a gear cutting machine according to the invention;
Figure 3a shows a perspective view of a detail of Figure 2a;
Figure 3b shows a top sectional view of Figure 3a;
Figure 3c shows a perspective sectional view of Figure 3a;
Figure 4a shows a perspective view of a detail of a gear cutting machine according to the invention;
Figure 4b shows a top sectional view of Figure 4a;
Figure 4c shows a perspective sectional view of Figure 4a;
Figure 5a shows a perspective view of a detail of a gear cutting machine according to the invention;
Figure 5b shows a perspective sectional view of Figure 5a;
Figure 6a shows a perspective view of a detail of Figure 2b;
Figure 6b shows a perspective sectional view of Figure 6a;
Figure 7a shows a perspective view of a detail of Figure 2c;
Figure 7b shows a perspective sectional view of Figure 7a;
Figure 8a shows a perspective view of a detail of a gear cutting machine according to the invention;
Figure 8b shows a perspective sectional view of Figure 8a.

With reference to the above-mentioned figures, a gear cutting machine according to the invention is indicated as a whole by the number 10.
Said gear cutting machine 10 comprises:

first supporting means 11 positioned opposite each other and clearly visible in Figure 1; said first supporting means 11 extend along a first axis J; in particular, said supporting means 11 comprise a first spindle 11a and a first tailstock 11b;
a first shaft 12, clearly visible in Figure 1, whose ends are constrained to said first supporting means 11 along said first axis J; said first shaft 12 is configured to support a workpiece G along said first axis J;
first rotation means 13, clearly visible in Figure 1, configured to rotate said first supporting means 11 around said first axis J; more precisely, said rotation means 13 comprise a first electric drive configured to rotate said first spindle 11a around said first axis J;
second supporting means 15 positioned opposite each other and clearly visible in Figures 1, 2a, 2b and 2c; said second supporting means 15 extend along a second axis K; in the embodiment described herein, said second supporting means 15 comprise a first female coupling 15a and a second tailstock 15b; furthermore, said second axis K is orthogonal to the above-mentioned first axis J;
a hob tool 14, clearly visible in Figures 1, 2a, 2b and 2c, operatively connected to said second supporting means 15 along said second axis K;
second rotation means 17, clearly visible in Figures 1, 2a, 2b and 2c, configured to rotate said second supporting means 15 around said second axis K; in particular, said second rotation means 17 comprise a second electric drive configured to rotate said first female coupling 15a around said second axis K;
third rotation means MA, clearly visible in Figure 1, configured to rotate said second supporting means 15 around a third axis A; more precisely, said third rotation means MA are suited to incline said second supporting means 15 with respect to the above-mentioned workpiece G, thus allowing the creation of helical gear wheels; moreover, said third axis A is orthogonal to the above-mentioned first axis J;
first translation means MX, clearly visible in Figure 1, configured to translate said second supporting means 15 along a fourth axis X; said fourth axis X is parallel to the above-mentioned third axis A;
second translation means MY, clearly visible in Figure 1, configured to translate said second supporting means 15 along a fifth axis Y; said fifth axis Y is parallel to the above-mentioned second axis K;
third translation means MZ, clearly visible in Figure 1, configured to translate said second supporting means 15 along a sixth axis Z; said sixth axis Z is parallel to the above-mentioned first axis J.

In a first example of embodiment of the invention, said gear cutting machine 10 comprises a tool carrier module 20, clearly visible in Figures 1, 2a, 3a, 3b and 3c, which is operatively connected to said second supporting means 15 along said second axis K.
Said tool carrier module 20 comprises a rotary assembly 21, visible in Figures 3a, 3b, 3c, configured to receive a mechanical power P as an input from said second rotation means 17.
Said tool carrier module 20 also comprises an output 22a configured to support a tool T, as can be understood from Figures 1, 2a, 3a and 3b.
Said tool carrier module 20 comprises transmission means 23, visible in Figure 3b, configured to transmit said mechanical power P from said rotary assembly 21 to said output 22a.
In addition, said at least one tool carrier module 20 comprises a containment body 40 externally fixed to the above-mentioned second translation means MY.
In particular, said containment body 40 is configured to support the rotary assembly 21, said at least one output 22a and the transmission means 23.
With reference to said first example of embodiment of the invention, the gear cutting machine 10 comprises a second shaft 16, clearly visible in Figure 2a, whose ends are constrained to said second supporting means 15 along said second axis K.
More precisely, said second shaft 16 comprises at a first end a first male coupling 25, also visible in Figure 2a, wherein said first male coupling 25 is configured to be connected to the above-mentioned first female coupling 15a. Moreover, said second shaft 16 comprises at a second end a second headstock 28 configured to be connected to said second tailstock 15b.
Said hob tool 14 and said tool carrier module 20 are operatively connected to said second supporting means 15 through said second shaft 16, as can be clearly understood from Figure 2a.
Said rotary assembly 21 comprises a hollow shaft 29, clearly visible in Figures 3a, 3b and 3c, with said second shaft 16 passing therethrough along said second axis K.
Furthermore, said rotary assembly 21 comprises a gear wheel 30 externally fixed to said hollow shaft 29, said gear wheel 30 being shown in Figures 3b and 3c.
More precisely, said gear wheel 30 is operatively connected to the above-mentioned transmission means 23, as clearly shown in Figure 3b.
Said transmission means 23 comprise a plurality of gears 31, 33 and 34 and a plurality of countershafts 32 and 35a, also clearly visible in Figure 3b.
In particular, said transmission means 23 are configured as a gearbox of the known type.
In a variant of said first example of embodiment, the gear cutting machine 10 comprises a tool carrier module 120, clearly visible in Figures 4a, 4b and 4c. Said tool carrier module 120 differs from the tool carrier module 20 in that it comprises a plurality of outputs 22a and 22b.
Furthermore, said tool carrier module 120 comprises transmission means 123, visible in Figure 4b, configured to transmit said mechanical power P from said rotary assembly 121 to said plurality of outputs 22a and 22b.
In a second example of embodiment of the invention, said gear cutting machine 10 comprises a tool carrier module 220, clearly visible in Figures 5a and 5b, operatively connected to said second supporting means 15 along said second axis K.
Said tool carrier module 220 comprises a rotary assembly 221, visible in Figures 5a and 5b, configured to receive a mechanical power P as an input from said second rotation means 17.
Said tool carrier module 220 also comprises an output 22a configured to support a tool T, as can also be understood from Figures 5a and 5b.
Said tool carrier module 220 comprises transmission means 23 similar to those present in the first example of embodiment described above.
In addition, said at least one tool carrier module 220 comprises a containment body 40 externally fixed to the above-mentioned second translation means MY.
In particular, said containment body 40 is configured to support the rotary assembly 221, said at least one output 22a and the transmission means 23.
With reference to said second example of embodiment of the invention, the gear cutting machine 10 comprises a second shaft 229 whose ends are constrained to said second supporting means 15 along said second axis K. In particular, said rotary assembly 221 comprises said second shaft 229, as clearly visible in Figures 5a and 5b.
More precisely, said second shaft 229 comprises at a first end a first male coupling 225, also visible in Figures 5a and 5b, wherein said first male coupling 225 is configured to be connected to the above-mentioned first female coupling 15a.
Furthermore, said second shaft 229 comprises at a second end a second headstock 228 configured to be connected to said second tailstock 15b.
Said hob tool 14 and said tool carrier module 220 are operatively connected to said second supporting means 15 through said second shaft 229. Furthermore, said rotary assembly 221 comprises a gear wheel 30 externally fixed to said second shaft 229, said gear wheel 30 being shown in Figure 5b. More precisely, said gear wheel 30 is operatively connected to the above-mentioned transmission means 23.
In a variant of said second example of embodiment, the gear cutting machine 10 comprises a tool carrier module 320, clearly visible in Figures 2b, 6a and 6b.
Said tool carrier module 320 differs from the tool carrier module 220 in that it comprises a plurality of outputs 22a and 22b.
In addition, said tool carrier module 320 comprises transmission means 123 similar to those present in the first example of embodiment described above.
In a third example of embodiment of the invention, said gear cutting machine 10 comprises a tool carrier module 420, clearly visible in Figures 2c, 7a and 7b, operatively connected to said second supporting means 15 along said second axis K.
Said tool carrier module 420 comprises a rotary assembly 421, visible in Figures 7a and 7b, configured to receive a mechanical power P as an input from said second rotation means 17.
Said tool carrier module 420 also comprises an output 22a configured to support a tool T, as can also be understood from Figures 2c, 7a and 7b.
Said tool carrier module 420 comprises transmission means 23 similar to those present in the first and in the second example of embodiment described above. In addition, said at least one tool carrier module 420 comprises a containment body 40 externally fixed to the above-mentioned second translation means MY.
In particular, said containment body 40 is configured to support the rotary assembly 421, said at least one output 22a and the transmission means 23. With reference to said third example of embodiment of the invention, the gear cutting machine 10 comprises a second shaft 429 whose ends are constrained to said second supporting means 15 along said second axis K.
The hob tool 14 and the above mentioned at least one tool carrier module 420 are operatively connected to the second supporting means 15 through said second shaft 429.
In particular, said second shaft 429 comprises a first portion 429a and a second portion 429b.
Said rotary assembly 421 comprises the above mentioned first portion 429a of said second shaft 429, as can be seen in Figure 7b.
The second portion 429b of said second shaft 429 is inserted in the hob tool 14.
Figure 2c shows an exploded perspective view of said third example of embodiment, in particular the first portion 429a and the second portion 429b of the second shaft 429 are inserted in the rotary assembly 421 and in the hob tool 14, respectively.
The first portion 429a of the second shaft 429 comprises at its ends a first coupling 425 and a second coupling 426. In particular, in the preferred embodiment, said first coupling 425 is a male coupling. Moreover, said second coupling 426 is also a male coupling.
In addition, the second portion 429b of the second shaft 429 comprises at its ends a third coupling 427 and a fourth coupling 428. In particular, in the preferred embodiment, said third coupling 427 is a female coupling. Furthermore, said fourth coupling 428 is a headstock.
In particular, said hob tool 14 and said tool carrier module 420 are operatively connected to said second supporting means 15 through said first coupling 425 and said fourth coupling 428, similarly to the first and the second example of embodiment described above, in fact, said first coupling 425 is a male coupling and said fourth coupling 428 is a headstock.
Even more specifically, said second coupling 426 of the tool carrier module 420 and said third coupling 427 of the hob tool 14 are configured to be connected to each other in order to transmit said torque P. In particular, said second coupling 426 is a male coupling configured to be connected to the third female coupling 427.
Furthermore, said rotary assembly 421 comprises a gear wheel 30 externally fixed to said second shaft 429, said gear wheel 30 being shown in Figure 7b. More precisely, said gear wheel 30 is operatively connected to the above-mentioned transmission means 23.
In a variant of said third example of embodiment, the gear cutting machine 10 comprises a tool carrier module 520, clearly visible in Figures 8a and 8b.
Said tool carrier module 520 differs from the tool carrier module 420 in that it comprises a plurality of outputs 22a and 22b.
Furthermore, said tool carrier module 520 comprises transmission means 123 similar to those present in the first and in the second example of embodiment described above.
It is important to underline that the tool carrier modules 20, 120, 220, 320, 420 and 520 just described above advantageously allow the gear cutting machine 10 to perform machining operations other than the mere creation of the envelope of the tooth spaces on the above-mentioned workpiece G.
For example, in the embodiments of the invention illustrated herein, said tool T is a helical drill bit.
Therefore, the tool carrier modules 20, 120, 220, 320, 420 and 520 configured as described above are suitable for drilling holes in the workpiece G. However, the use of a tool T other than a helical drill bit for performing a different machining operation is not excluded.
It should also be noted that, in all of the examples of embodiment of the invention discussed herein, the gear cutting machine 10 may comprise a plurality of the above-mentioned tool carrier modules 20, 120, 220, 320, 420 and 520.
Furthermore, in all of the examples of embodiment illustrated herein, each output of the above-mentioned plurality of outputs 22a and 22b is configured to rotate around an output axis I.
Said output axis I is different from said second axis K.
More precisely, said output axis I is skew with respect to the above-mentioned second axis K.
It is not excluded, however, that said output axis I may coincide with said second axis K, or that said output axis I may be different and coplanar with respect to said second axis K.
In practice, it has been shown that the invention fulfils its task and achieves the set objects.
In particular, with the invention, a gear cutting machine has been developed that allows machining operations other than the mere creation of the envelope of the tooth spaces on a workpiece.
In addition, a gear cutting machine has been developed that does not require a timing procedure between the different machining operations carried out on the above-mentioned workpiece.
The invention thus conceived allows for numerous modifications and variants, all falling within the scope of the inventive concept; moreover, all the details can be replaced by other technically equivalent elements.
In practice, the components and materials used, as well as the contingent dimensions and shapes, can be any according to the needs and the state of the art, as long as they are compatible with the specific use.
In the case where the characteristics and techniques mentioned in any of the claims are followed by reference signs, said reference signs are to be intended as affixed for the sole purpose of increasing the intelligibility of the claims and, consequently, said reference signs have no limiting effect on the interpretation of each element identified by way of example by said reference signs.

Claims

Gear cutting machine (10), comprising:
- first supporting means (11) positioned opposite each other, said first supporting means (11) extending along a first axis (J);

- a first shaft (12) whose ends are constrained to said first supporting means (11) along said first axis (J), said first shaft (12) being configured to support a workpiece (G) along said first axis (J);

- first rotation means (13) configured to rotate said first supporting means (11) around said first axis (J);

- second supporting means (15) positioned opposite each other, said second supporting means (15) extending along a second axis (K), said second axis (K) being orthogonal to said first axis (J);

- a hob tool (14) operatively connected to said second supporting means (15) along said second axis (K);

- second rotation means (17) configured to rotate said second supporting means (15) around said second axis (K);

- third rotation means (MA) configured to rotate said second supporting means (15) around a third axis (A), said third axis (A) being orthogonal to said first axis (J) and to said second axis (K);

- first translation means (MX) configured to translate said second supporting means (15) along a fourth axis (X), said fourth axis (X) being parallel to said third axis (A);

- second translation means (MY) configured to translate said second supporting means (15) along a fifth axis (Y), said fifth axis (Y) being parallel to said second axis (K);

- third translation means (MZ) configured to translate said second supporting means (15) along a sixth axis (Z), said sixth axis (Z) being parallel to said first axis (J);
characterized in that it comprises at least one tool carrier module (20, 120, 220, 320, 420, 520), said at least one tool carrier module (20, 120, 220, 320, 420, 520) being operatively connected to said second supporting means (15) along said second axis (K), said at least one tool carrier module (20, 120, 220, 320, 420, 520) comprising a rotary assembly (21, 221, 421) configured to receive a mechanical power (P) as an input from said second rotation means (17), said at least one tool carrier module (20, 120, 220, 320, 420, 520) comprising at least one output (22a, 22b) configured to support a tool (T), said at least one tool carrier module (20, 120, 220, 320, 420, 520) comprising transmission means (23, 123) configured to transmit said mechanical power (P) from said rotary assembly (21, 221, 421) to said at least one output (22a, 22b), said at least one tool carrier module (20, 120, 220, 320, 420, 520) comprising a containment body (40) externally fixed to said second translation means (MY), said containment body (40) being configured to support said rotary assembly (21, 221, 421), said at least one output (22a, 22b) and said transmission means (23, 123), said gear cutting machine (10) comprising a second shaft (16, 229, 429) whose ends are constrained to said second supporting means (15) along said second axis (K), said hob tool (14) and said at least one tool carrier module (20, 120, 220, 320, 420, 520) being operatively connected to said second supporting means (15) through said second shaft (16, 229, 429).
Gear cutting machine (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that said rotary assembly (21) comprises a hollow shaft (29) with said second shaft (16) passing therethrough along said second axis (K), said rotary assembly (21) comprising a gear wheel (30) externally fixed to said hollow shaft (29), said gear wheel (30) being operatively connected to said transmission means (23, 123).
Gear cutting machine (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that said rotary assembly (221) comprises a gear wheel (230) externally fixed to said second shaft (229), said gear wheel (230) being operatively connected to said transmission means (23, 123).
Gear cutting machine (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that said second shaft (429) comprises a first portion (429a) and a second portion (429b), said first portion (429a) of said second shaft (429) comprising at its ends a first coupling (425) and a second coupling (426), said second portion (429b) of said second shaft (429) being inserted into said hob tool (14) and comprising at its ends a third coupling (427) and a fourth coupling (428), said rotary assembly (421) comprising a gear wheel (430) externally fixed to said second shaft (429), said gear wheel (430) being operatively connected to said transmission means (23, 123).
Gear cutting machine (10) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that said at least one output (22a, 22b) is configured to rotate around an output axis (I), said output axis (I) being different from said second axis (K).
Gear cutting machine (10) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that said output axis (I) is skew with respect to said second axis (K).
Gear cutting machine (10) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that said at least one tool carrier module (20, 120, 220, 320, 420, 520) comprises a plurality of said at least one output (22a, 22b).