EP4388268A1 - Procédé de refroidissement mettant en oeuvre un échangeur de chaleur et un tel échangeur de chaleur - Google Patents
Procédé de refroidissement mettant en oeuvre un échangeur de chaleur et un tel échangeur de chaleurInfo
- Publication number
- EP4388268A1 EP4388268A1 EP22762104.2A EP22762104A EP4388268A1 EP 4388268 A1 EP4388268 A1 EP 4388268A1 EP 22762104 A EP22762104 A EP 22762104A EP 4388268 A1 EP4388268 A1 EP 4388268A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fluid
- heat exchanger
- passage
- during
- inlet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28B—STEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
- F28B1/00—Condensers in which the steam or vapour is separate from the cooling medium by walls, e.g. surface condenser
- F28B1/02—Condensers in which the steam or vapour is separate from the cooling medium by walls, e.g. surface condenser using water or other liquid as the cooling medium
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D7/0066—Multi-circuit heat-exchangers, e.g. integrating different heat exchange sections in the same unit or heat-exchangers for more than two fluids
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D9/0093—Multi-circuit heat-exchangers, e.g. integrating different heat exchange sections in the same unit or heat-exchangers for more than two fluids
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
- F28D2021/0054—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for nuclear applications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C15/00—Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the core; Selection of specific coolants
- G21C15/02—Arrangements or disposition of passages in which heat is transferred to the coolant; Coolant flow control devices
Definitions
- the invention belongs to the technical field of heat exchangers.
- the invention relates more specifically to a cooling method implementing a heat exchanger.
- the method uses carbon dioxide in the supercritical phase.
- the invention further relates to a heat exchanger.
- Heat exchangers used in nuclear power plants are subject to stringent regulations specific to this sector of activity. In addition to this regulation, there are specific technical requirements.
- the water vapour After having passed through at least one turbine making it possible to produce electricity, is cooled in a condenser to obtain water in the liquid phase.
- the condenser uses a coolant outside, such as sea water or a river, this is the tertiary circuit.
- This emergency circuit comprises, among other things, a heat exchanger which must be able to be arranged in the reactor building.
- the exchanger must be able to be arranged in a cramped space, and therefore have reduced dimensions, while being able to cool the water vapor in the secondary circuit to reach an acceptable outlet setpoint temperature. .
- the invention therefore aims to propose a method making it possible to implement a heat exchanger with reduced dimensions, and which ensures the cooling of a hot fluid without the risk of damaging said heat exchanger due to excessive temperature differences.
- a cooling method is first proposed implementing a heat exchanger, the method being intended to cool a first fluid by means of a second fluid, a method in which the first fluid exits and enters from the heat exchanger several times so as to exchange with itself and with the second fluid, by indirect contact, a process in which:
- the first fluid enters and leaves a first time in the heat exchanger forming a first passage of said first fluid in the heat exchanger
- the first fluid enters and leaves a second time in the heat exchanger forming a second passage of said first fluid in the heat exchanger
- the first fluid enters and leaves a third time in the heat exchanger forming a third passage of said first fluid in the heat exchanger
- the first fluid enters and leaves a fourth time in the heat exchanger forming a fourth passage of said first fluid in the heat exchanger, method in which the first fluid during its first passage successively exchanges with the first fluid during its second passage then with the first fluid during its fourth passage while exchanging with the second fluid, a process in which the first fluid is water vapor and the second fluid is carbon dioxide in the supercritical phase.
- Such a method has the advantage of using only two fluids, namely water vapor and carbon dioxide in the supercritical phase. In the event that such recirculation was not implemented, at least one more fluid would be necessary to obtain an equivalent result.
- Various additional features may be provided singly or in combination:
- the first fluid undergoes a lowering of temperature substantially between 100° C. and 110° C.;
- the first fluid undergoes a temperature increase substantially between 47° C. and 57° C.
- the first flu ide undergoes a lowering of temperature substantially between 70° C. and 80° C.;
- the first fluid undergoes a temperature increase substantially between 37° C. and 47° C.
- the first fluid enters and leaves a fifth time in the heat exchanger forming a fifth passage and undergoes a drop in temperature substantially between 65°C and 75°C;
- the second fluid exchanges with the first fluid in its fifth passage through the heat exchanger and undergoes a temperature increase substantially between 15°C and 25°C;
- the second fluid exchanges with the first fluid in its third passage through the heat exchanger and undergoes a temperature increase substantially between 20°C and 30°C;
- the second fluid exchanges with the first fluid in its first passage through the heat exchanger and undergoes a temperature increase substantially between 159°C and 169°C;
- the process is used in an emergency circuit intended to cool a secondary circuit of a nuclear power plant.
- the heat exchanger has a length less than or equal to 2000 mm;
- the heat exchanger has a height less than or equal to 600 mm.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a heat exchanger in which the method according to the invention is illustrated.
- FIG. 1 is shown a heat exchanger 1 according to the invention.
- the heat exchanger comprises heads 2, 3, 4, 5 intended to distribute or collect the fluid in the heat exchanger.
- the heat exchanger comprises several inlet heads 2 for a hot fluid and several outlet heads 3 for this same hot fluid.
- the heat exchanger comprises an inlet head 4 for a cold fluid and two outlet heads 5 for this same cold fluid.
- the heat exchanger 1 is compartmentalized. This means that inside the heat exchanger 1, sealed compartments make it possible to organize the passage of fluids in said heat exchanger 1 so that the heat exchanges take place according to a predetermined plan. These compartments are not shown in the drawing.
- the cooling method according to the invention implements the heat exchanger shown in Figure 1.
- hot fluid enters and exits the heat exchanger several times.
- the hot fluid With itself several times in the exchanger, but also with the cold fluid, it becomes possible to perform successive lowerings and increases in temperature. This avoids excessive temperature differences.
- the heat exchanger is then protected from possible damage.
- the heat exchanges between the first fluid on the one hand and between the first fluid and the second fluid on the other hand take place by indirect contact.
- the fluids are not in direct contact but separated by a wall so that they do not mix.
- the hot fluid enters the heat exchanger 1 through a first inlet 6 and leaves it through a first outlet 7. This is a first passage 8 of the hot fluid in the heat exchanger 1.
- the hot fluid undergoes a drop in temperature substantially between 100° C. and 110° C., preferably substantially equal to 105° C.
- the hot fluid enters the heat exchanger 1 through a second inlet 9 and leaves it through a second outlet 10. This is a second passage 11 of the hot fluid in the heat exchanger 1.
- the hot fluid undergoes a temperature increase substantially between 47°C and 57°C, preferably substantially equal to 52°C.
- the hot fluid enters the heat exchanger 1 through a third inlet 12 and leaves it through a third outlet 13.
- the hot fluid undergoes a drop in temperature substantially between 70°C and 80°C, preferably substantially equal to 75°C.
- the hot fluid enters the heat exchanger 1 through a fourth inlet 15 and leaves it through a fourth outlet 16.
- the hot fluid undergoes a temperature increase substantially between 37°C and 47°C, preferably substantially equal to 42°C.
- the hot fluid enters the heat exchanger 1 through a fifth inlet 18 and leaves it through a fifth outlet 19.
- the hot fluid undergoes a drop in temperature substantially between 65°C and 75°C, preferably substantially equal to 70°C.
- the cold fluid enters the heat exchanger 1 via the cold inlet head 4 and leaves it via two cold outlet heads 5 .
- the cold fluid passes through the heat exchanger 1 only once.
- the cold fluid exchanges with the hot fluid during its fifth passage 20 through the heat exchanger 1 .
- the cold fluid undergoes a temperature increase substantially between 15°C and 25°C, preferably substantially equal to 20°C.
- the cold fluid exchanges with the hot fluid during its third passage 14 in the heat exchanger 1.
- the cold fluid undergoes a temperature increase substantially between 20°C and 30°C, preferably substantially equal to 25°C.
- the cold fluid exchanges with the hot fluid during its first passage 8 in the heat exchanger 1.
- the cold fluid undergoes a temperature increase substantially between 159°C and 169°C, preferably substantially equal to 164°C.
- the hot fluid during its first passage 8 in the heat exchanger exchanges successively with the hot fluid during its second passage 11 then with the hot fluid during its fourth passage 17.
- the fluid hot exchanges with the cold fluid throughout its course in the heat exchanger 1.
- the hot fluid during its second passage 11 in the heat exchanger 1 exchanges in parallel with the hot fluid during its first passage and with the cold fluid.
- the hot fluid during its third passage 14 in the heat exchanger exchanges with the cold fluid.
- the hot fluid during its fourth passage 17 in the heat exchanger 1 exchanges in parallel with the hot fluid during its first passage 8 and with the cold fluid.
- the hot fluid during its fifth passage 20 in the heat exchanger 1 exchanges with the cold fluid.
- the hot fluid is water vapor and the cold fluid is carbon dioxide in the supercritical phase.
- the properties of carbon dioxide in the supercritical phase are advantageous due to its high density, its intermediate diffusivity coefficient between gas and liquid and a low viscosity close to that of gases, thus allowing a more efficient heat exchange in the exchanger 1 heat.
- the method is used in an emergency circuit intended to cool a secondary circuit of a nuclear power plant.
- a nuclear power plant comprises a primary circuit allowing the nuclear fuel to be cooled by direct contact, a secondary circuit allowing the primary circuit to be cooled and also used for the production of electricity.
- the heat exchanger 1 comprises several pipes connecting the heads together, in order to implement the method described above.
- the heat exchanger comprises:
- This heat exchanger implementing the method described above thus has a maximum length less than or equal to 2000 millimeters.
- This heat exchanger implementing the method described above thus has a maximum height less than or equal to 600 millimeters.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
- Devices For Blowing Cold Air, Devices For Blowing Warm Air, And Means For Preventing Water Condensation In Air Conditioning Units (AREA)
- Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2108704A FR3126152B1 (fr) | 2021-08-16 | 2021-08-16 | Procédé de refroidissement mettant en œuvre un échangeur de chaleur et un tel échangeur de chaleur |
| PCT/EP2022/072728 WO2023020975A1 (fr) | 2021-08-16 | 2022-08-12 | Procédé de refroidissement mettant en œuvre un échangeur de chaleur et un tel échangeur de chaleur |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4388268A1 true EP4388268A1 (fr) | 2024-06-26 |
| EP4388268B1 EP4388268B1 (fr) | 2025-06-25 |
| EP4388268C0 EP4388268C0 (fr) | 2025-06-25 |
Family
ID=79602079
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP22762104.2A Active EP4388268B1 (fr) | 2021-08-16 | 2022-08-12 | Procédé de refroidissement mettant en oeuvre un échangeur de chaleur et un tel échangeur de chaleur |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4388268B1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3126152B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2023020975A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4294658A (en) * | 1978-10-09 | 1981-10-13 | United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority | Nuclear reactors |
| FI114560B (fi) * | 2003-10-01 | 2004-11-15 | Matti Nurmia | Menetelmä suljetun höyryvoimalaprosessin hyötysuhteen parantamiseksi |
| FR3084739B1 (fr) * | 2018-07-31 | 2020-07-17 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Echangeur de chaleur a configuration de passages amelioree, procedes d'echange de chaleur associes |
-
2021
- 2021-08-16 FR FR2108704A patent/FR3126152B1/fr active Active
-
2022
- 2022-08-12 EP EP22762104.2A patent/EP4388268B1/fr active Active
- 2022-08-12 WO PCT/EP2022/072728 patent/WO2023020975A1/fr not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR3126152B1 (fr) | 2023-12-29 |
| EP4388268B1 (fr) | 2025-06-25 |
| EP4388268C0 (fr) | 2025-06-25 |
| FR3126152A1 (fr) | 2023-02-17 |
| WO2023020975A1 (fr) | 2023-02-23 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Tian et al. | A review of liquid metal high temperature heat pipes: Theoretical model, design, and application | |
| EP3287510B1 (fr) | Procédé de carbonisation hydrothermale d'une biomasse, et dispositif s'y rapportant | |
| CN102654073A (zh) | 排热回收装置 | |
| EP4388268B1 (fr) | Procédé de refroidissement mettant en oeuvre un échangeur de chaleur et un tel échangeur de chaleur | |
| EP2959242A2 (fr) | Station d'abaissement de pression d'un gaz et de liquéfaction du gaz | |
| CN103390435A (zh) | 核电站反应堆冷却剂系统压力容器的排气装置和方法 | |
| FR2508929A1 (fr) | Procede pour le fonctionnement d'une installation de rechauffeurs de vent | |
| CN115710519B (zh) | 一种干熄焦的冷却装置、干熄炉及干熄焦系统 | |
| CN218755584U (zh) | 一种干熄焦的冷却装置、干熄炉及干熄焦系统 | |
| FR3004794A1 (fr) | Condenseur pour chaudiere a condensation a double retour | |
| CN209942912U (zh) | 一种中间介质型内燃机尾气温差发电装置 | |
| CN114965566A (zh) | 一种高温热管启动及流动传热通用实验台架及实验方法 | |
| CN101691970A (zh) | 一种片式散热器 | |
| CN208315518U (zh) | 一种制结泵加热硅舟扩散炉 | |
| CN107166126A (zh) | 一种带自平衡密封堵头的弯头及具有该弯头的加热炉 | |
| EP0150647B1 (fr) | Piège froid pour épuration de sodium liquide contenant des impuretés | |
| CA2297305C (fr) | Systeme de transfert de chaleur pour reacteur de conversion d'uf6 en oxyde d'uranium | |
| EP0081512A1 (fr) | Procede et dispositif de production d'eau chaude a usage domestique a partir de l'energie perdue au cours du refroidissement des moteurs de vehicules | |
| CN201673045U (zh) | 柴油机试验台水循环装置 | |
| CN104792045A (zh) | 用于太阳能热水器的蓄热装置 | |
| EP2759774B1 (fr) | Procédé pour la régulation des températures et la production d'eau chaude sanitaire et installation pour la mise en oeuvre dudit procédé | |
| CN224108714U (zh) | 一种用于疏通高压空冷器堵塞的装置 | |
| FR2897392A1 (fr) | Dispositif et procede de refroidissement pour moteur et organe de vehicule. | |
| BE1021752B1 (fr) | Dispositif de recuperation de chaleur et installation de stockage de produits chauds | |
| CN113819021A (zh) | 一种用于地热能双循环发电的传热装置 |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: UNKNOWN |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION HAS BEEN MADE |
|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE |
|
| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20240215 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
| DAV | Request for validation of the european patent (deleted) | ||
| DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
| GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED |
|
| INTG | Intention to grant announced |
Effective date: 20250303 |
|
| GRAS | Grant fee paid |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3 |
|
| GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE PATENT HAS BEEN GRANTED |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: NOT ENGLISH |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: EP |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: EP |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: FRENCH |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R096 Ref document number: 602022016546 Country of ref document: DE |
|
| U01 | Request for unitary effect filed |
Effective date: 20250717 |
|
| U07 | Unitary effect registered |
Designated state(s): AT BE BG DE DK EE FI FR IT LT LU LV MT NL PT RO SE SI Effective date: 20250725 |
|
| U20 | Renewal fee for the european patent with unitary effect paid |
Year of fee payment: 4 Effective date: 20250731 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20250926 Ref country code: NO Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20250925 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: HR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20250625 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: RS Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20250925 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IS Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20251025 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SM Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20250625 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CZ Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20250625 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: PL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20250625 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20250625 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20250625 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: H13 Free format text: ST27 STATUS EVENT CODE: U-0-0-H10-H13 (AS PROVIDED BY THE NATIONAL OFFICE) Effective date: 20260324 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: MC Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20250625 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CH Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20250831 |
|
| PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |