EP4378147A1 - Wasserfahrzeug mit einer mehrzahl von sensoranordnungen - Google Patents
Wasserfahrzeug mit einer mehrzahl von sensoranordnungenInfo
- Publication number
- EP4378147A1 EP4378147A1 EP22751672.1A EP22751672A EP4378147A1 EP 4378147 A1 EP4378147 A1 EP 4378147A1 EP 22751672 A EP22751672 A EP 22751672A EP 4378147 A1 EP4378147 A1 EP 4378147A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- sensor
- data
- sensors
- data packets
- switching unit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/01—Protocols
- H04L67/12—Protocols specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/08—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by repeating transmission, e.g. Verdan system
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/22—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received using redundant apparatus to increase reliability
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B2241/00—Design characteristics
- B63B2241/20—Designs or arrangements for particular purposes not otherwise provided for in this class
- B63B2241/22—Designs or arrangements for particular purposes not otherwise provided for in this class for providing redundancy to equipment or functionality of a vessel, e.g. for steering
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B79/00—Monitoring properties or operating parameters of vessels in operation
- B63B79/10—Monitoring properties or operating parameters of vessels in operation using sensors, e.g. pressure sensors, strain gauges or accelerometers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
- B63G8/00—Underwater vessels, e.g. submarines; Equipment specially adapted therefor
- B63G8/39—Arrangements of sonic watch equipment, e.g. low-frequency, sonar
Definitions
- the invention relates to the redundant connection of sensors of an underwater vehicle.
- Sensor data on underwater vehicles deliver large amounts of data at high data rates, often in large clocked bursts, which must reach the interior of the underwater vehicle for evaluation and use. This must be done reliably and efficiently so that the information obtained is not lost and the number of lines (and the associated number of shipboard breaches) is minimized.
- the data sources e.g. the sensors in the underwater area
- the data sink e.g. data processing computer, signal processing computer, data recorder
- the data connections contain a packet switching unit (e.g. a network infrastructure including, for example, switches and/or routers and/or firewalls), which can switch the data traffic from a defective line to a redundant line in the event of a failure. Due to the resulting deterministic switching times (network convergence time, application convergence time), data is lost during the time that elapses to switch between the transmission paths.
- a packet switching unit e.g. a network infrastructure including, for example, switches and/or routers and/or firewalls
- the object of the present invention is therefore to create an improved concept for underwater vehicles.
- Exemplary embodiments show a watercraft with a plurality of sensor arrangements, each of which includes a plurality of sensors, a first and a second packet switching unit, and a signal receiver.
- the large number of sensors record sensor data, in particular outside of the watercraft, and convert this into an electrical signal corresponding to the sensor data.
- the electrical signal can be packed into a data telegram by the sensors in order to transmit the electrical signal.
- the first and the second packet switching unit can operate independently of each other.
- the first and the second packet switching unit can each have a network infrastructure which, in any number, includes one of the following components or any selection of the following components: switches, routers, firewalls, intrusion detection systems, intrusion prevention systems, domain transitions (cross domain security solutions such as data diodes, bidirectional security gateway, etc.).
- the sensors have a sensory material.
- the sensors can be waterborne sound transducers, also referred to as hydrophones.
- the sensory material is typically a piezoceramic.
- Water sound transducers can record the sound pressure as sensor data.
- Other sensors are, for example, pressure sensors that record the hydrostatic pressure as sensor data, eg to determine the current diving depth if the watercraft is an underwater vehicle.
- the signal receiver can process the sensor signals. For example, the signal receiver can process the sensor signals and forward them to a direction generator.
- the direction generator can skilfully apply time delays to sensor signals from the same sensors compared to sensor signals from other sensors in order to have the sensors virtually look in one direction. This creates directional sensor signals that are returned to the signal receiver. Based on this directional sensor data, the signal receiver can detect and localize targets in the vicinity of the watercraft.
- the signal receiver can also be redundantly connected to the direction generator at the same data switching units by means of two Ethernet lines. The data transmission between the signal receiver and the direction generator can be transmitted based on the same principle as the sensor data from the sensors to the signal receiver.
- the sensor arrangement now combines a large number of sensors. There are various options for this.
- a first option consists in sensor electronics controlling the multiplicity of sensors.
- the sensor electronics can, for example, have any selection of the following components: an amplifier to amplify the electrical signal, an analog/digital converter to digitize the electrical signal, a computing unit (e.g. application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), field programmable gate array (FPGA) or microcomputer) to convert the (digitized) electrical signal into a data packet.
- ASIC application-specific integrated circuit
- FPGA field programmable gate array
- microcomputer microcomputer
- a second option is that the sensor electronics are already part of the sensor. That is, each sensor already has the sensor electronics.
- the sensors can then be connected to one another, for example by means of a (ring) bus system.
- a bus master eg terminal adapter or a switch, can operate the (ring) bus system and, for example, call up the data packets from the sensors.
- a third option is that the sensor arrangement offers a purely functional overview of the sensors.
- various sonar antennas are typically arranged on a watercraft, for example a hull mounted sonar (Eng.: hull-mounted sonar), a towed array sonar (Eng.: trailing antenna), a flank array sonar (Eng.: side antenna sonar), etc.
- the Antennas then form the sensor arrangement, while the individual waterborne sound converters (or hydrophones) of the antennas form the sensors.
- the sensor arrangements e.g. in the first and second option or the sensors (e.g. in the third option) provide the electrical, in particular converted and digitized, signal in the form of a data packet.
- a data packet can be generated by the associated sensor arrangement or the corresponding sensor for each sensory material and measurement.
- the data packet has an identification number for each sensor, which uniquely characterizes the data packets. This means that the data packet, which also contains the electrical signal, contains the identification number.
- the data packet, which also has the electrical signal is therefore not inserted into a new data packet.
- the protocol for data transmission of the sensor data already contains the identification number. This does not first have to be added by a separate protocol, superordinate protocol.
- the first packet switching unit maintains a first sensor Ethernet connection per sensor or per sensor arrangement in order to receive the data packets from the sensors of the plurality of sensors.
- the second packet switching unit maintains a second sensor Ethernet connection per sensor or per sensor arrangement in order to receive the data packets from the sensors of the plurality of sensors. Whether the sensor Ethernet connection is maintained to the sensor arrangement or to the sensor depends on which unit provides the data packets.
- the (first and/or second) packet switching unit can be a switch, router, firewall, intrusion detection, intrusion prevention, cross domain security solutions or a any combination of the aforementioned network components (in any number) can be used.
- the signal receiver processes the sensor data.
- the signal receiver is connected to the first packet switching unit by a first receiver Ethernet connection and to the second packet switching unit by a second receiver Ethernet connection.
- the first and the second packet switching unit each buffer the incoming data packets from the sensors.
- the packet switching units transmit the data packets to the signal receiver in each case via the first or the second receiver Ethernet connection.
- the data can be transmitted sequentially per transmission channel. This means that there is a (quasi) parallel transmission of the data packets via two separate channels to the signal receiver. The probability of packet loss is thus significantly reduced.
- the two packet switching units transmit the data packets to the signal receiver in the order in which they arrive via the first or the second receiver Ethernet connection.
- the various data packets that can arrive (quasi) in parallel at the packet switching units due to the connection of the packet switching units to the plurality of sensor arrangements or to the plurality of sensors are then forwarded sequentially, ie one after the other, to the signal receiver.
- the signal receiver now discards one of the two data packets, in particular based on rules.
- the idea is to set up parallel data transmission between the sensors and the signal receiver.
- the sensors each send the measurement data (in parallel) via two different data transmission paths to the signal receiver.
- the hardware with the two data transmission links is often already available.
- the signal receiver receives two identical data packets. So that the signal receiver then does not process the sensor data twice, the data packets with the sensor data have an identification number, for example a time stamp or a counter. This means that the two identical data packets have the same identification number. Based on the identification number, the signal receiver then discards a data packet, typically the data packet that arrived last.
- the sensors of the plurality of sensors or the sensor arrays of the plurality of sensor arrays use a counter.
- the meter reading is used as an identification number to uniquely characterize the data packets.
- the counter is reset cyclically, but is selected at least so large that a data packet with any counter reading cannot be overtaken by another data packet with the same counter reading. This means that the counter reading is clear for the packet runtime of the data packets.
- the size of the counter can be selected in such a way that at most the two identical data packets with the same identification number can always be located on the transmission link, but not another data packet with the same identification number.
- the signal receiver only discards one of the two data packets if both data packets arrive with the same counter reading within a predetermined time window.
- This time window is smaller than the (minimum) time in which two different data packets with the same counter reading can arrive at the signal receiver.
- the counter has a size of at least 16 bits, in particular at least 32 bits. This means that the sensor data from a large number of sensors can also be transmitted without problems resetting the counter.
- at least 128 sensors, preferably at least 256 sensors, particularly preferably at least 512 sensors of the watercraft can send their sensor data to the signal receiver.
- the sensors can be at least 256, preferably record sensor data at least 512, particularly preferably at least 1024 times per second.
- the identification number is a sync counter, for example.
- the sync counter is, for example, a circuit or a software module that is incremented with each clock, i.e. counted up. If the sync counter overflows, it starts counting again from the beginning.
- the sync counter can be synchronized with a non-acoustic telegram (e.g. UDP).
- the non-acoustic telegram can be the telegram with which the data packets of the sensors are sent.
- the clock for example from the non-acoustic telegrams, can also be used to control when the sensors record sensor data.
- the clock can be used to control when the sensors or the sensor arrangement are allowed to send data packets to the packet switching units.
- the clock can be obtained from an electrical clock signal, a time signal (e.g. absolute time from the precision time protocol) or a synchronous Ethernet clock (synchronous Ethernet - SyncE).
- the sensor arrangements or the sensors are designed to send data packets of sensor data, which were received at the same measurement time (ie the same sampling time), at different times.
- the points in time can be defined, for example, by a predetermined time interval in which the data packets are to be sent.
- the predetermined time interval may divide the duration of a clock into smaller units of time. It is thus possible to extend the sending of the data packets provided by the sensors at approximately the same time, so that the risk of the two packet switching units being overloaded by the quantity of data packets arriving at the same time is reduced. In other words, the sending of the data packets (the bursts) that result from this method can be stretched over time using a time slot method. This reduces the interrupt load.
- the data packets that have been received or generated by the sensors at the same measurement time are transmitted in full by the first packet switching unit before a first data packet is transmitted at a subsequent measurement time.
- the data packets sent by the sensors become the same Measurement time received or generated have been sent completely by the second packet switching unit before a first data packet of a following measurement time is sent.
- the sensors of the multiplicity of sensors insert the identification number, for example the meter reading, into the data packet using the same protocol. This is preferably done directly in the application layer, i.e. the seventh layer of the ISO/OSI reference model. This means that the sensor data and the identification number are inserted into the data packet on the same layer and are not encapsulated separately, i.e. provided with their own header or trailer. Thus, the administration data of at least one protocol is saved.
- the watercraft is an underwater vehicle.
- the plurality of sensors and the first and second packet switching units are arranged outside of the underwater vehicle, while the signal receiver is arranged inside the underwater vehicle.
- the first and the second receiver ethernet line routed to route the sensor data to the signal receiver.
- a method for transmitting sensor data from a watercraft to a signal receiver of the watercraft is shown with the following steps: a) recording a large number of sensor data with a large number of sensors; b) converting the sensor data into an electrical signal corresponding to the sensor data; c) providing the electrical signals in the form of a data packet with an identification number that uniquely characterizes the data packets; d) sending the data packets via a first sensor Ethernet connection to a first packet switching unit and via a second sensor Ethernet connection to a second packet switching unit; e) buffering the data packets in the first and the second packet switching unit; f) sending the data packets from the first packet switching unit to the signal receiver via a first receiver Ethernet connection; g) sending the data packets from the second packet switching unit to the signal receiver via a second receiver Ethernet connection; h) discarding one of the two data packets if two data packets with the same identification number arrive at the signal receiver.
- the exemplary embodiments also include Industrial Ethernet, e.g., EtherCAT, when reference is made to an Ethernet connection, for example.
- Industrial Ethernet e.g., EtherCAT
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic block diagram of a watercraft in which sensor data are transmitted to a signal receiver
- the watercraft 20 comprises a first sensor arrangement 22a and a second sensor arrangement 22b, each of which has a large number (here three) of sensors 24.
- the watercraft 24 also includes a first packet switching unit 26a and a second packet switching unit 26b and a signal receiver 28.
- the sensors 24 each record sensor data, for example waterborne noise or the hydrostatic pressure, and emit a corresponding electrical signal.
- the sensor arrangements 22a, 22b provide the electrical signals, ie the sensor data, per sensor in the form of a data packet 29a, 29b.
- the conversion of the electrical signals to the Ethernet protocol ie for example the formation of the data packet as an IP packet, takes place outside of the individual sensors in the sensor arrangement.
- the sensor arrangement has a packet forming module for this purpose, which takes over the formation of the data packet for a number of sensors in the sensor arrangement, in particular all sensors in the sensor arrangement.
- the sensors can also send the data packet 29a, 29b themselves provide. This means that the digitization and conversion of the signals to the Ethernet protocol, eg in an IP packet, already takes place in the sensor.
- the data packets 29a of the sensors of the first sensor arrangement 22a are sent from the first sensor arrangement 22a to the first packet switching unit 26a by means of a first sensor Ethernet connection 30a.
- the same data packets 29a are sent from the first sensor arrangement 22a to the second packet switching unit 26b by means of a second sensor Ethernet connection 30b. Both data packets 29a have the same identification number.
- the data packets 29b of the sensors of the second sensor arrangement 22b are sent from the second sensor arrangement 22b to the first packet switching unit 26a by means of a further first sensor Ethernet connection 30c.
- the same data packets 29b are sent from the second sensor arrangement 22b to the second packet switching unit 26b by means of a further second sensor Ethernet connection 30d.
- These two data packets 29b also have the same identification number, but this differs from the identification number of the two data packets 29a that are sent via the first sensor Ethernet connection. Successive data packets from different sensors or the same sensors with different sensor data also have different identification numbers.
- each of the sensors is connected to the first packet switching unit with a first sensor Ethernet connection and to the second packet switching unit with a second sensor Ethernet connection.
- the two packet switching units 26 buffer the data packets.
- the first packet switching unit 26a sends the received data packets 29a, 29b, typically sequentially, i.e. one after the other, to the signal receiver 28 via a first receiver Ethernet connection 32a.
- the second Packet switching unit 26b sends the received data packets 29a, 29b, typically sequentially, i.e. one after the other, via a second receiver Ethernet connection 32b to the signal receiver 28. If two data packets with the same identification number arrive at the signal receiver 28, the signal receiver 28 discards one of these two data packets, typically the data packet that arrived last.
- the protocol 2 shows a schematic representation of the protocols used for data transmission based on the ISO/OSI layer model.
- the protocols can run in the sensor or in the sensor arrangement or can be divided between the sensor and the sensor arrangement.
- the transmitter, ie the sensor 24 or the sensor arrangement 22, is shown on the left-hand side. On the right side of the signal receiver 28.
- the sensor data are received and digitized.
- the data packet is also generated here, e.g. in an additional instance.
- a (e.g. proprietary) protocol is used that packs both the sensor data (i.e. the corresponding electrical signal) and the identification number into the data packet.
- Layers 5 and 6 do not exist in IP-based network protocols.
- UDP UDP
- the data packet is packed into a UDP datagram in layer 4 (block 38).
- the UDP datagram is packed in an IP packet in layer 3 (block 40).
- the IP packet is prepared for data transmission using the Ethernet protocol. Since the data packet is sent in parallel over two different lines, the IP packet can be duplicated in layer 1 or 2.
- the ethernet packet of block 42a is sent to the signal receiver 28 over the first sensor ethernet connection and first receiver ethernet connection 44 .
- the ethernet packet of block 42b is sent to the signal receiver 28 over the second sensor ethernet connection and second receiver ethernet connection 46 .
- the packet switching units are arranged within the data transmission path, but are not shown here.
- the transmitted data packets run through layers 1 to 4 in parallel (cf. blocks 48a, 48b, 50a, 50b, 52a, 52b).
- layer 7 block 56
- the sensor data and the identification number are obtained with knowledge of the (proprietary) protocol. Incoming packets whose identification number was already contained in a data packet can be discarded there before the signal processing gets access to the sensor data.
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic flowchart of the transmission process from the transmitter, ie the sensor 24 or the sensor arrangement 22, to the signal receiver 28.
- the sensory material of the sensor records the sensor data 58.
- FIG. These are encapsulated, together with the identification number, in a UDP datagram 60 and further packed into an IP stack.
- the IP stack is duplicated and the (first) IP stack 61a is given to a first NIC 62a and the (second) IP stack 61b is given to a second NIC 62b.
- An alternative is shown in broken lines in FIG.
- the IP stack is not duplicated first, but rather the sensor data.
- the sensor data can be digitized and duplicated directly in the sensor or in a corresponding downstream processing unit.
- the first IP stack 61a in which the data packet is contained, is routed to a first network card 64a of the signal receiver by means of a first network card 62a via the first sensor Ethernet connection 30a and the first receiver Ethernet connection 32a. Physical data transmission takes place on this route, in which, for example, the first packet switching unit also buffers and forwards the data packets (not shown here).
- the second IP stack (61b, 61 '), in which the data packet is contained, using a second network card 62b via the second sensor Ethernet connection 30b and the second receiver Ethernet connection 32b to a second network card 64b of the signal receiver.
- This link is also a physical data transmission link in which e.g. the second packet switching unit also buffers and forwards the data packets (not shown here).
- the received first IP pack 61a and the received second IP pack 62a are unpacked to get the first and second UDP maps 60a, 60b. If it is established during packet processing that a received data packet 29b has an identification for which a data packet 29a has already arrived, this redundant packet 29b is discarded (indicated by the “X” in FIG. 3).
- the sensor data 58 from the data packet 29a that arrived first is fed to the signal processing of the receiver 28 .
- the disclosed sensors can be (water) sound transducers. These are designed for use under water, especially in the sea.
- the sound converters are designed to convert waterborne sound into an electrical signal (e.g. voltage or current) corresponding to the sound pressure, the waterborne sound signal.
- the sound converters are designed to convert an applied electrical voltage into waterborne sound. Accordingly, the sound converters can be used as waterborne sound receivers and/or as waterborne sound transmitters.
- the sound transducers have a piezoelectric material, for example a piezoceramic, as the sensory material.
- the transducers can be used for (active and/or passive) sonar (sound navigation and ranging). The transducers are not suitable for medical applications.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Computing Systems (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102021208108.8A DE102021208108A1 (de) | 2021-07-27 | 2021-07-27 | Wasserfahrzeug mit einer Mehrzahl von Sensoranordnungen |
| PCT/EP2022/069700 WO2023006436A1 (de) | 2021-07-27 | 2022-07-13 | Wasserfahrzeug mit einer mehrzahl von sensoranordnungen |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4378147A1 true EP4378147A1 (de) | 2024-06-05 |
Family
ID=82846149
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP22751672.1A Pending EP4378147A1 (de) | 2021-07-27 | 2022-07-13 | Wasserfahrzeug mit einer mehrzahl von sensoranordnungen |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4378147A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102021208108A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2023006436A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116872951B (zh) * | 2023-09-06 | 2023-12-05 | 福瑞泰克智能系统有限公司 | 多传感器数据对齐方法、装置和存储介质及电子装置 |
| DE102024101447A1 (de) * | 2024-01-18 | 2025-07-24 | Valeo Schalter Und Sensoren Gmbh | Verfahren zum Übertragen von zumindest einem Datenpaket zwischen einem Fahrzeug und einer Teleoperationseinrichtung für eine Teleoperation des Fahrzeugs sowie Teleoperationssystem |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9746352B2 (en) | 2013-03-29 | 2017-08-29 | Symboticware Incorporated | Method and apparatus for underground equipment monitoring |
| US20200136894A1 (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2020-04-30 | General Electric Company | System and method for establishing reliable time-sensitive networks |
-
2021
- 2021-07-27 DE DE102021208108.8A patent/DE102021208108A1/de active Pending
-
2022
- 2022-07-13 EP EP22751672.1A patent/EP4378147A1/de active Pending
- 2022-07-13 WO PCT/EP2022/069700 patent/WO2023006436A1/de not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102021208108A1 (de) | 2023-02-02 |
| WO2023006436A1 (de) | 2023-02-02 |
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