EP4374968A1 - Tuyau d'échappement, appareil de purification de gaz d'échappement, procédé de nettoyage d'un tuyau d'échappement et utilisation d'un tuyau d'échappement - Google Patents

Tuyau d'échappement, appareil de purification de gaz d'échappement, procédé de nettoyage d'un tuyau d'échappement et utilisation d'un tuyau d'échappement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4374968A1
EP4374968A1 EP23209573.7A EP23209573A EP4374968A1 EP 4374968 A1 EP4374968 A1 EP 4374968A1 EP 23209573 A EP23209573 A EP 23209573A EP 4374968 A1 EP4374968 A1 EP 4374968A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
exhaust pipe
conductive
side walls
ceramic
longitudinal direction
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP23209573.7A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Paul-Matthieu Fritsch
Thomas Elfert
Torsten PASCHKE
Manfred Jost
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Schiedel GmbH
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Schiedel GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schiedel GmbH filed Critical Schiedel GmbH
Publication of EP4374968A1 publication Critical patent/EP4374968A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/02—Plant or installations having external electricity supply
    • B03C3/04—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type
    • B03C3/06—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type characterised by presence of stationary tube electrodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/02—Plant or installations having external electricity supply
    • B03C3/04—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type
    • B03C3/12—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type characterised by separation of ionising and collecting stations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/40—Electrode constructions
    • B03C3/41—Ionising-electrodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/40—Electrode constructions
    • B03C3/45—Collecting-electrodes
    • B03C3/455—Collecting-electrodes specially adapted for heat exchange with the gas stream
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/40—Electrode constructions
    • B03C3/45—Collecting-electrodes
    • B03C3/49—Collecting-electrodes tubular
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/40—Electrode constructions
    • B03C3/60—Use of special materials other than liquids
    • B03C3/62—Use of special materials other than liquids ceramics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C2201/00—Details of magnetic or electrostatic separation
    • B03C2201/08—Ionising electrode being a rod

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an exhaust pipe, an exhaust gas cleaning device, a method for cleaning an exhaust pipe and a use of an exhaust pipe.
  • exhaust pipes are usually equipped with particle filters, especially fine dust filters, in order to reduce the amount of pollutants in the exhaust gas.
  • Passive filters especially made of foam ceramic, can be used for this purpose. These represent a relatively inexpensive and easy-to-install filtering option.
  • Active filters which are based in particular on the electrostatic separation of fine dust particles, offer a much more effective filtering effect (usually more than twice the filtering performance compared to passive filters).
  • the fine dust particles are first electrostatically charged, e.g. with an electrode arranged in the exhaust pipe, and then directed to a metallic separation section by means of an electric field generated by high voltage, to which they adhere.
  • Active filters can achieve a significantly higher filtering performance than passive filters, but they are also much more complex and expensive to install. Their installation requires an electrical connection, which can or may only be carried out by a specialist, particularly due to the high voltage involved.
  • additional metal components e.g. a metal inner tube, are used to achieve the desired separation effect via electrostatic forces.
  • the installation of these conductive components within the exhaust pipe is cumbersome and the service life of the metal components is limited. Cleaning an exhaust pipe equipped with an active filter can also involve increased effort, as this requires special cleaning equipment, e.g. special steel brooms, must be used during exhaust pipe cleaning, especially chimney cleaning.
  • an exhaust pipe in particular a chimney pipe, comprising side walls extending in a longitudinal direction of the exhaust pipe and an inner region delimited by the side walls transversely, in particular perpendicularly, to the longitudinal direction for discharging exhaust gases along the longitudinal direction of the exhaust pipe, wherein the side walls of the exhaust pipe in the longitudinal direction comprise an electrically conductive section, wherein in particular an electrical connection is connected to the conductive section.
  • the exhaust pipe is preferably designed to discharge or remove the exhaust gases of a combustion system, in particular a solid fuel fireplace.
  • the exhaust pipe, in particular the side walls of the exhaust pipe are designed to withstand a maximum temperature of 1000°C, in particular also under kinetic stress.
  • the longitudinal direction can preferably be aligned substantially along a vertical direction, i.e. in particular corresponding to the direction of gravity, when the exhaust pipe is in the installed or assembled state.
  • the exhaust pipe is a chimney pipe or part of a chimney pipe.
  • the side walls can be designed in such a way that they divide the interior at least in sections into and/or surround the longitudinal direction, in particular completely.
  • the side walls can have at least one access opening.
  • the at least one access opening can, for example, be designed to provide electrical access to the interior, for example in the form of a cable feedthrough and/or line feedthrough.
  • the electrical access can preferably be arranged in a middle third of the conductive section, viewed in the longitudinal direction.
  • an access opening can comprise access for cleaning and/or servicing the exhaust pipe.
  • Conductivity here means electrical conductivity. Therefore, the conductive section can also be referred to as an electrically conductive section.
  • the access for cleaning and/or servicing can comprise a locking mechanism, for example a door or flap, for opening and closing the access.
  • the side walls can be round, in particular circular, in the longitudinal direction. This makes it possible to achieve a particularly durable construction.
  • the side walls can preferably have a substantially constant inner diameter in the longitudinal direction, the diameter being in particular constant in the transition between the conductive section and the adjoining sections of the exhaust pipe.
  • the side walls of the exhaust pipe can be made of a ceramic material at least in sections, preferably completely, along the longitudinal direction.
  • the material of the side walls in the conductive section can differ from the material of the side walls outside the conductive section.
  • different ceramics and/or different ceramic mixtures can be provided in the conductive section and outside the conductive section.
  • the wall thickness of the conductive section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction can be 0.5 to 50 mm, preferably 3 to 20 mm, particularly preferably 5 to 12 mm.
  • a ratio of the wall thickness to the transverse diameter of the inner region can preferably be in a range from 0.01 to 0.5, preferably 0.03 to 0.2, particularly preferably 0.06 to 0.10. These wall thicknesses or ratios have proven to be particularly advantageous, since they enable both good stability, particularly in the longitudinal direction, and a material-saving design.
  • a wall thickness of 3 to 20 mm or a ratio of 0.03 to 0.2 can enable a particularly good separation effect.
  • a wall thickness of 5 to 12 mm or a ratio of 0.05 to 0.10 has proven to be particularly favorable in order to enable good conductivity. It can be provided that several layers of the side walls are provided in the transverse direction, perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.
  • the side walls can comprise an outer insulating layer, in particular sound and/or heat insulating.
  • the side walls can comprise a conductive outer coating.
  • the exhaust gas purification pipe can be part of an exhaust gas purification device and/or comprise an exhaust gas purification device.
  • the exhaust gas purification device can be designed to be a fine dust filter.
  • the conductive section extends over the entire length of the exhaust pipe in the longitudinal direction.
  • the exhaust pipe can be part of a complete pipe to be assembled. It can be provided that further parts or the remaining parts of the complete pipe do not comprise a conductive section or are designed without conductive sections.
  • the conductive section can be designed as a separation section so that when a high voltage is applied between the separation section and an electrode, for example an electrode arranged in the interior area, exhaust gas particles, e.g. fine dust, are attracted to the conductive section and are deposited there and/or adsorbed there.
  • the conductive section can be designed so that a voltage, in particular high voltage, can be applied between the electrode and the conductive section, wherein the conductive section can be contacted in particular via the electrical connection.
  • a high voltage can be a voltage that has a value of at least 1 kV, preferably at least 1.5 kV.
  • a high voltage of 15 to 35 kV, preferably 20 to 30 kV is used when using the exhaust pipe.
  • particles are ionized and/or charged by the electrode, which can in particular be provided with a negative potential, and are then drawn by electrostatic forces to the side walls in the area of the conductive section, which preferably has a more positive potential.
  • the conductive section is grounded by the electrical connection, whereby in particular an electrical voltage gradient can be generated to the negatively charged electrode.
  • the electrical connection can also be referred to as an electronic connection if necessary.
  • the design according to the invention can in particular make it possible to provide an exhaust gas purification device in which an additional metallic inner pipe is no longer required as a separation section in the interior of the exhaust pipe.
  • resistance in the exhaust gas duct due to the metallic inner pipe that would otherwise be installed can thus be avoided.
  • the design according to the invention can simplify cleaning of the exhaust system, with less or no need for special tools.
  • the conductive section advantageously encloses the inner area.
  • the conductive section can form a self-contained ring in a cutting plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. This makes it possible to achieve a particularly compact arrangement.
  • the side wall advantageously has a wall thickness which is in a range of 0.001 to 0.02 m, preferably in a range of 0.005 to 0.01 m. If the wall thickness is in a range of 0.001 to 0.02 m, safe mechanical operation can be achieved, while at the same time the assembly effort can be kept low. If the wall thickness is in a range of 0.005 to 0.01 m, however, particularly good thermal insulation can be achieved, which can be advantageous in particular with regard to the risk of fire.
  • the ratio of the wall thickness of the side wall to the diameter of the inner region, in particular in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, is in a range from 0.02 to 0.07, preferably in a range from 0.03 to 0.055.
  • the side walls in the conductive section at least partially consist of a conductive ceramic and/or at least partially comprise a conductive ceramic, wherein the ceramic is conductive in particular by admixing conductive components and/or a conductive material into the ceramic.
  • the entire conductive section and/or the vast majority of the conductive section can consist of the ceramic.
  • the vast majority can mean, for example, more than 75%, preferably more than 90%, particularly preferably more than 95%.
  • the admixture can, for example, have been introduced into the ceramic raw mass during or before the manufacture of the exhaust pipe. Due to the conductive admixture, the exhaust pipe in the conductive section can have a significantly greater conductivity and/or be capable of being grounded.
  • the conductive components or the conductive material comprise ferrite powder and/or granules, in particular strontium ferrite, and/or iron oxide and/or graphite. Granulated strontium ferrite can be particularly advantageous.
  • the conductive components or the conductive material are mixed in particular with the ceramic material and combined into a solid unit by firing.
  • a powder can have an average particle size of less than 0.1 mm, preferably less than 10 ⁇ m.
  • the average particle size of the powder is greater than 0.1 ⁇ m, preferably greater than 0.5 ⁇ m.
  • a typical example of the particle size which can be advantageous in the context of this invention, can be, for example, a particle size of approximately 2 ⁇ m.
  • a granule can have a particle size of 0.05 to 2 mm, preferably 0.2 to 0.8.
  • the iron oxide and/or graphite can be incorporated into the ceramic mixture, for example, in the form of flakes and/or fibers.
  • the conductive ceramic can be shaped, in particular by extrusion, in particular in a tubular form.
  • the side walls outside the conductive section are formed by an insulator and/or do not comprise the conductive ceramic, in particular an insulating ceramic, wherein the side walls outside the conductive section comprise another ceramic that is different from the conductive ceramic, wherein the other ceramic has a lower conductivity than the conductive ceramic, in particular a conductivity that is lower by at least a factor of 0.5, preferably at least a factor of 0.2, particularly preferably at least a factor of 0.1.
  • a factor of 0.5 preferably at least a factor of 0.2, particularly preferably at least a factor of 0.1.
  • the conductive ceramic is expediently manufactured by extrusion and/or dry pressing. This provides a particularly simple way of integrating the admixture into the ceramic and then forming the pipe or exhaust pipe.
  • the side walls in the conductive section advantageously comprise a coating with a conductive material on their side facing away from and/or towards the inner region, the conductive section being conductive in particular due to the coating.
  • the separation effect can advantageously be increased and/or achieved with the coating.
  • the coating can be provided in addition to or as an alternative to the conductive ceramic.
  • the coating can establish and/or enhance the conductivity of the conductive section.
  • the coating can be, for example, a mesh fabric, a film and/or a cladding tube.
  • a mesh fabric can be provided on the outside of the side walls, in particular in the region of the conductive section.
  • the coating can particularly preferably be a layer of conductive glass. The conductivity of the glass layer can occur in situ during ceramic firing in particular.
  • a coating on the outside can be advantageous in that the coating is not damaged when the inner region of the exhaust pipe is cleaned.
  • a coating inside the exhaust pipe can have the advantage that a discharge of the particles can be improved by direct contact with the coating.
  • a coating on the inside of the side walls can be optimized to improve the adhesion of particles, especially fine dust particles, to the side walls.
  • the coating can also be created - regardless of location - by spraying or galvanic coating, so that it can in particular be a continuous coating.
  • the coating can be a graphite coating.
  • a particularly conductive coating can be achieved.
  • Graphite can be a good alternative to achieve good conductivity in a exhaust pipe, especially a chimney pipe.
  • Graphite can be particularly advantageous in that it can be easily and inexpensively obtained due to its relatively high availability and widespread use.
  • the side walls are expediently coated with sprayed-on spray of a conductive material, in particular graphite spray.
  • a conductive material in particular graphite spray.
  • This embodiment can enable particularly simple production. Using a spray can enable relatively quick and even application.
  • graphite spray can be particularly well suited to be used as a spray in the sense of this embodiment due to its property of being easily cleavable in a crystal direction and thus preferably forming flakes.
  • a coating can therefore be produced particularly easily with graphite spray and can also be effective for the purpose of being a conductive material.
  • the coating can consist of soot, in particular soot generated by combustion and/or deposited on the side walls in the interior, and/or can comprise soot.
  • conductivity can be generated essentially by the soot coating.
  • essentially can mean that other parts of the conductivity are significantly lower than the parts generated by the soot coating.
  • the other parts of the conductivity can make up less than 40 percent, preferably less than 20 percent, particularly preferably less than 10 percent of the total conductivity.
  • a separation layer can build up on the inside of the exhaust pipe, in particular on the inside of the side walls, which can increase the conductivity of the exhaust pipe in this area.
  • the separation effect in particular without a metallic inner pipe, can be improved or even achieved for the first time by the deposition of the particles on the side walls over time or by carrying out several combustions.
  • an increased electrical voltage e.g. in the range of 25-35 kV, preferably around 30 kV
  • a conductive deposition layer can build up automatically on the inner surface of the side walls over the course of several burns. If these steps are not carried out beforehand, conductivity in particular cannot be achieved. While the deposition effect does not reach the full or desired effectiveness at the beginning, this can improve significantly with an increasing number of burns carried out. It has been shown that after more than 2-3 burns, the thickness of the deposition layer can be large enough to achieve sufficient conductivity. The increase in conductivity could be checked experimentally by measuring the electrical resistance along the path of the exhaust pipe. A combination with another coating as described here and/or with a conductive ceramic can advantageously enable functionality right from the start before the first burn.
  • an increased electrical voltage e.g. in the range of 25-35 kV, preferably around 30 kV
  • the conductive section advantageously has a conductive material with a specific electrical resistance of 0.1-100 (k ⁇ mm)/m, preferably 1-50 (k ⁇ mm)/m, particularly preferably 5 to 20 (k ⁇ mm)/m, and most preferably 8 to 12 (kOhm ⁇ mm)/m.
  • a separation effect can be generated with this specific electrical resistance.
  • a resistance of 5 to 20 (k ⁇ mm)/m is particularly effective, as a relatively constant voltage can be built up here. It has also been found that the range of 8 to 12 (kOhm ⁇ mm)/m can work particularly well for a ceramic separation section.
  • the side walls are curved perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, in particular round, preferably circular, at least on the side facing the inner area.
  • a round design can enable a particularly effective separation effect, probably by avoiding corners that do not contribute to the separation effect.
  • the separation effect can be particularly effective and in particular constant with a circular inner cross-section.
  • a ratio of the average transverse diameter of the inner region to the extension of the conductive section of the side walls in the longitudinal direction is in the range of 0.01 to 1.0, preferably 0.05 to 0.30, preferably 0.15 to 0.22.
  • the transverse diameter is preferably measured transversely to the longitudinal direction.
  • the extension of the conductive section in the longitudinal direction can be, for example, 0.1 to 5 m, preferably 0.5 to 2 m, particularly preferably 0.8 to 1.2 m.
  • the given ratios or lengths can enable a good separation effect, and it has been found that a ratio of 0.05 to 0.30 can be particularly favorable in an embodiment according to the invention.
  • a ratio of 0.15 to 0.22 has proven to be particularly suitable.
  • a further aspect of the invention is an exhaust gas purification device comprising an exhaust pipe, in particular an exhaust pipe as described herein, wherein the exhaust pipe comprises side walls extending in a longitudinal direction of the exhaust pipe, wherein the side walls surround an inner region delimited transversely, in particular perpendicularly, to the longitudinal direction for discharging exhaust gases along the longitudinal direction of the exhaust pipe, wherein the side walls of the exhaust pipe comprise a section that is electrically conductive in the longitudinal direction, wherein the exhaust gas purification device comprises an electrode arranged in the inner region for ionizing exhaust gas particles, wherein an electrical connection is connected to the conductive section. All advantages and features of the exhaust pipe can be transferred analogously to the exhaust gas purification device and vice versa.
  • the electrical connection is designed in particular so that a high voltage can be built up between the electrode and the electrically conductive section. It can be provided that when the exhaust gas purification device is in use, exhaust gas particles, in particular fine dust particles, are charged by the electrode, in particular by electrons emitted by the electrode, and are moved by the high voltage applied between the electrode and the electrically conductive section to the side walls, where they then adhere.
  • the electrical connection can in particular be a ground connection. via which the deposited particles, in particular fine dust particles, are discharged. It can preferably be provided that the electrode is subjected to a negative potential.
  • the electrode can have a longitudinal extension which in particular runs essentially parallel to the longitudinal direction.
  • the electrode can be arranged essentially centrally, in particular as seen in the direction transverse to the longitudinal direction. Essentially here means in particular an offset of a maximum of 15%, preferably a maximum of 10%, particularly preferably a maximum of 5%, from the average transverse diameter of the inner region.
  • the side walls, in particular the electrically conductive section can comprise a cable feedthrough with a high-voltage cable which is connected to the electrode. The cable feedthrough can in particular be arranged in a middle third of the electrically conductive section, as seen in the longitudinal direction.
  • the high-voltage cable can be arranged at least in sections in a filter molding.
  • the filter molding can be designed in particular to support and/or guide the high-voltage cable and/or to protect it from environmental influences.
  • the filter molding can comprise an outlet opening, in particular an upper outlet opening for guiding the high-voltage cable.
  • the high-voltage cable can be connected to a high-voltage control or a high-voltage module. It can be provided that the high-voltage cable is led out of the outlet opening and led to the high-voltage module.
  • the high-voltage module can preferably be arranged below the filter molding, wherein the high-voltage cable can in particular be led out of the top of the filter molding and led around the filter molding.
  • the high-voltage module can in particular comprise a high-voltage source.
  • the high-voltage module can preferably be part of the exhaust gas purification device or the exhaust gas purification device can comprise a high-voltage module for generating a high voltage.
  • the high-voltage module can, for example, be arranged laterally next to the exhaust pipe and/or offset transversely to the exhaust pipe and/or on the outer wall of the exhaust pipe.
  • the transverse direction is advantageously transverse, in particular perpendicular, to the longitudinal direction.
  • the resistance of the conductive section of the side walls per meter of travel in the longitudinal direction is in the range from 1 to 200 M ⁇ , preferably 10 to 100 M ⁇ , particularly preferably 30 to 70 M ⁇ , and very particularly preferably 45 to 55 M ⁇ .
  • This range has proven to be particularly favorable for achieving a good separation effect.
  • the range from 30 to 70 M ⁇ can be particularly advantageous when using conductive ceramics.
  • a range from 45 to 55 M ⁇ can be particularly favorable if the change in conductivity due to the soot deposited by combustion is also taken into account.
  • the pipe green body can consist of the side walls, whereby the side walls can in particular be a circular outer wall or inner wall.
  • the bulk density of the ceramic is in the range of 0.5 to 20 kg/dm 3 , preferably 1 to 10 kg/dm 3 , particularly preferably 2 to 3 kg/dm 3 .
  • This bulk density has proven to be favorable for providing sufficient conductivity.
  • 1 to 10 kg/dm 3 can be particularly good for the connection with a conductive admixture. be suitable.
  • 2 to 3 kg/dm 3 can enable a particularly stable separation effect.
  • a density of 2.2 to 2.4 kg/dm 3 has proven to be particularly favorable for achieving good results.
  • the method additionally comprises coating the side walls with a conductive material to produce the conductive section or part of it.
  • the conductive coating can, for example, comprise the application of a conductive layer of glass.
  • the conductive layer of glass can be a glaze slip.
  • the layer of glass can be applied using compressed air spraying and/or an airless method.
  • the application can be carried out on fired shards and/or on dried shards.
  • the side walls are preferably coated before firing in a furnace.
  • the conductivity of the layer of glass can be achieved and/or improved in particular by firing. Firing can preferably take place in an oxidizing atmosphere. Firing can be provided, for example, in a tunnel furnace or in a chamber furnace.
  • the friction resistance of the coating can advantageously be increased using the method according to the invention by first applying the coating and then firing it at the same time.
  • a conductive material can be mixed into the ceramic at least in the conductive section, the conductive section being conductive in particular due to or also because of the conductive material.
  • the conductive material can comprise ferrite powder and/or granulate, in particular strontium ferrite, and/or iron oxide and/or graphite. Granulated strontium ferrite can be particularly advantageous as an admixture.
  • the ceramic mass can also be present, for example, as granulate.
  • Graphite can also be particularly well suited for mixing, as its material properties make it particularly easy and efficient to mix into a ceramic mixture. It can be provided to add further additives, for example to achieve improved pressability and/or green bending strength.
  • the granulate or powder in particular can be joined together to form the pipe or exhaust pipe by pressing.
  • a dry matrix process with isostatic pressing can preferably be provided.
  • Particularly good stability can be achieved by pressing and subsequent firing.
  • the addition of the additive can make the ceramic pipe or exhaust pipe more conductive and capable of being grounded.
  • a further aspect of the invention is the use of an exhaust pipe without a metallic inner pipe and/or an exhaust pipe as described herein for cleaning exhaust gases.
  • All advantages and features of the exhaust pipe, the exhaust gas cleaning device and the method can be transferred analogously to the use of an exhaust pipe and vice versa.
  • it can be provided to use a layer of soot deposited over the course of several burns, in particular more than 2-3 burns, in order to achieve increased conductivity and/or an improved separation effect.
  • It can be provided to use an increased electrical voltage for separation during the first burns.
  • the electrical voltage can be increased by a value of at least 5 kV, preferably by at least 10 kV, compared to a high voltage provided for subsequent use.
  • the previously usual additional metallic separation pipes can be dispensed with in this use.
  • a further aspect of the invention is an exhaust system comprising an exhaust pipe, in particular as described herein and/or an exhaust gas purification device, in particular as described herein.
  • the exhaust system can in particular comprise a chimney system.
  • the exhaust pipe can be surrounded by an outer wall, in particular in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.
  • the outer wall can be made of a casing stone material.
  • the outer wall can comprise a first maintenance door.
  • the first maintenance door can be arranged in the longitudinal direction such that access to the exhaust gas purification device is possible through the first maintenance door.
  • the outer wall can comprise a second maintenance door.
  • the second maintenance door can be arranged in the longitudinal direction such that access to a high-voltage control or a high-voltage module is possible through the second maintenance door.
  • the high-voltage module can be part of the exhaust gas purification device.
  • the high-voltage module can be connected to the Electrode of the exhaust gas purification device and be designed to apply high voltage to the electrode.
  • the high-voltage cable can be surrounded by an insulator at least in sections. Insulation, in particular consisting of an insulating material, can be arranged between the outer wall and the exhaust pipe.
  • the insulation can preferably be arranged directly on the exhaust pipe and/or enclose the exhaust pipe to a large extent in the transverse direction. In particular, it can be provided that the insulation is essentially only interrupted in the area of at least one opening in the exhaust pipe, e.g. in the area of the first and/or second maintenance door.
  • a further aspect of the invention may relate to a chimney.
  • the chimney comprises an exhaust pipe as described above and/or below.
  • the chimney may have all the advantages and features of the exhaust pipe, the exhaust gas purification device, the exhaust system, the method for producing an exhaust pipe and the use of an exhaust pipe in the same or analogous manner and vice versa.
  • FIG 1 an exhaust system 20 according to an embodiment of the invention is shown.
  • the exhaust system 20 comprises on the outside a material made of casing stone 21, which encloses the exhaust gas purification device 10 and the exhaust pipe 1 (here covered by the casing stone 21).
  • the interior of the exhaust system 20, in particular the exhaust gas purification device 10 and the exhaust pipe 1 can be accessed via a first maintenance door 11 and a second maintenance door 12.
  • the exhaust system 20, like the exhaust pipe, has its greatest extension in the longitudinal direction L.
  • Figure 2 shows a top view of the Figure 1 shown exhaust system 20.
  • the side walls 2 of the exhaust pipe 1 are circular here. This view allows a view into the inner area 3 of the exhaust pipe 1.
  • an electrode 6 In the inner area 3 there is an electrode 6, the longitudinal extension of which extends essentially along the longitudinal direction L, in this view in the viewing direction or into the planes of the drawing.
  • the electrode is supplied with a voltage via a high-voltage cable 13.
  • insulation 22 can be seen which surrounds the exhaust pipe 1.
  • Figure 3 shows a sectional view according to the Figure 1 shown section GG. This shows in particular the area of the exhaust gas purification device 10.
  • the high-voltage cable 13, which leads to the electrode 6, can be seen better in this view.
  • the position and alignment of the electrode 6 can be adjusted using a joint piece 17.
  • the high-voltage cable 13 and the electrode 6 can be accessed via the maintenance door 11.
  • the insulation 22 is, as can be seen here, interrupted in the area of the feed of the high-voltage cable 13.
  • the Figures 4 and 5 show a cut perspective view of the exhaust system 20 ( Figure 4 ) or the area of the exhaust gas purification device 10 ( Figure 5 ) in the exhaust system 20 according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the embodiment shown here can be similar to that of Figures 1 to 3
  • the electrically conductive section 4 of the exhaust pipe 1 is located in the area of the first maintenance door 11 or in the area near the electrode 6.
  • the electrically conductive section 4 is preferably connected to an electrical connection not shown here.
  • the electrically conductive section 4 can be connected to an earthing or to an earthing ground.
  • the side walls 2 of the exhaust pipe 1 can consist at least partially of a conductive ceramic in the conductive section 4 and/or at least partially comprise a conductive ceramic.
  • the conductive ceramic can be conductive in particular by admixing conductive components and/or a conductive material into the ceramic.
  • the conductive components can comprise ferrite powder or granulate, in particular strontium ferrite, iron oxide and/or graphite.
  • the exhaust pipe 1 is preferably non-conductive or significantly less conductive.
  • the exhaust pipe 1 can also be conductive in its non-conductive sections made of ceramic material, in particular of a ceramic material without conductive admixture.
  • the exhaust pipe 1 or the side walls 2 of the exhaust pipe 1 can comprise a coating with a conductive material in the conductive section 4 on their side facing away from and/or towards the inner region 3.
  • the coating can, for example, comprise a conductive mesh, a sprayed-on graphite layer, and/or a conductive layer of glass.
  • the exhaust pipe can comprise a coating of soot, in particular of soot generated by combustion and deposited on the side walls 2.
  • the electrode 6 is connected to a high-voltage module 15 via a high-voltage cable 13.
  • the high-voltage cable 13 is guided through an opening 18 of the exhaust pipe 1.
  • the high-voltage module 15 comprises a high-voltage source and is designed to apply a high voltage to the electrode 6 via the high-voltage cable 13.
  • the high-voltage module 15 can be accessed via the second maintenance door 12.
  • the high-voltage cable 13 is electrically insulated from the environment at least in sections by an insulator 14. Both the high-voltage module 15 and at least a section of the high-voltage cable 13 are located in a side area 23 next to the exhaust pipe.
  • the side area 23 is surrounded by a casing 21.
  • Figure 6 shows a perspective view of an exhaust system 20 in the area of the exhaust gas purification device 10.
  • the embodiment shown here can be similar to that of the previous Figures 1 to 5
  • the view of the exhaust gas purification device 10 is partially cut here to provide a view of the interior of the exhaust gas purification device 10 or the exhaust pipe 1.
  • the casing 21 surrounding the exhaust pipe 1 is only partially shown in the lower area.
  • the first maintenance door 11 and the second maintenance door 12 are also omitted in this view for the sake of better visibility.
  • the positioning of the high-voltage module 15 in the side area 23 of the exhaust system 20 enclosed by the casing 21 and the routing of the high-voltage cable 13 to the Electrode 6 is illustrated. It is intended that the casing stone 21 surrounds the entire exhaust pipe 1, as shown in the Figures 1-3 shown and in the Figures 4 and 5 indicated.
  • FIGs 7 and 8 show a view of the electrically conductive section 4 together with a filter molding 16 according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the filter fitting 16 connects directly to the electrically conductive section 4, as intended in the operating state.
  • the filter molding 16 is offset from the electrically conductive section 4 in order to show the opening 18 in the electrically conductive section 4 or the exhaust pipe 1.
  • an electrode 6 (not shown here) can be guided through the opening 18 and/or maintenance of the interior region 3 of the exhaust pipe 1 can be made possible.
  • the exhaust pipe 1 can also comprise at least one further section in the longitudinal direction L, in particular at least one further section at each of the two ends of the electrically conductive section 4.
  • the exhaust pipe 1 does not comprise any further section and is supplied as such, for example, as a modular component for use in a chimney pipe, optionally e.g. together with the filter molding 16.
  • the Figure 9 shows a schematic representation of a method for producing an exhaust pipe 1 according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • side walls 2 of the exhaust pipe 1 are made of ceramic.
  • the side walls 2 can be produced in particular by dry pressing and/or by extrusion.
  • the side walls 2 are preferably circular when viewed in the longitudinal direction L, so that in particular an exhaust pipe 1 with a circular cross section is produced.
  • the side walls 2 of the exhaust pipe 1 preferably comprise a section 4 that is electrically conductive in the longitudinal direction L.
  • the side walls 2 of the exhaust pipe 1 can be coated with a conductive material in order to produce the conductive section 4.
  • a conductive material can be mixed into the ceramic in the conductive section 4, which establishes or improves the conductivity of the conductive section 4.
  • a green tube comprising the side walls 2 is provided.
  • the green tube is fired.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Electrostatic Separation (AREA)
EP23209573.7A 2022-11-22 2023-11-14 Tuyau d'échappement, appareil de purification de gaz d'échappement, procédé de nettoyage d'un tuyau d'échappement et utilisation d'un tuyau d'échappement Pending EP4374968A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102022130811.1A DE102022130811A1 (de) 2022-11-22 2022-11-22 Abgasrohr, Abgasreinigungsgerät, Verfahren zur Reinigung eines Abgasrohrs sowie Verwendung eines Abgasrohrs

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4374968A1 true EP4374968A1 (fr) 2024-05-29

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EP (1) EP4374968A1 (fr)
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EP4414081A1 (fr) * 2023-02-10 2024-08-14 exodraft a/s Système comprenant un ensemble d'électrodes de décharge et unité de précipitateur électrostatique comprenant un tel système

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WO2007077897A1 (fr) * 2005-12-28 2007-07-12 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Electrode de capture de poussiere et capteur de poussiere
EP2065093A2 (fr) * 2007-11-29 2009-06-03 Rüegg Cheminée AG Epurateur de gaz d'échappement des installations de chauffage
EP2163309A2 (fr) * 2008-09-11 2010-03-17 Peter Buchta Dispositif de séparation pour particules
JP2019011888A (ja) * 2017-06-29 2019-01-24 坪田　章男 油煙浄化装置
CN110508401A (zh) * 2019-09-06 2019-11-29 中钢集团马鞍山矿山研究院有限公司 地下矿山回风井高压静电除雾降尘系统及设计方法
WO2022069586A1 (fr) * 2020-09-30 2022-04-07 Woco Gmbh & Co. Kg Séparateur électrostatique, section de tube et système produisant une matière particulaire

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2000033945A1 (fr) * 1998-12-04 2000-06-15 Applied Plasma Physics As Procede et dispositif de nettoyages d'effluents
WO2007077897A1 (fr) * 2005-12-28 2007-07-12 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Electrode de capture de poussiere et capteur de poussiere
EP2065093A2 (fr) * 2007-11-29 2009-06-03 Rüegg Cheminée AG Epurateur de gaz d'échappement des installations de chauffage
EP2163309A2 (fr) * 2008-09-11 2010-03-17 Peter Buchta Dispositif de séparation pour particules
JP2019011888A (ja) * 2017-06-29 2019-01-24 坪田　章男 油煙浄化装置
CN110508401A (zh) * 2019-09-06 2019-11-29 中钢集团马鞍山矿山研究院有限公司 地下矿山回风井高压静电除雾降尘系统及设计方法
WO2022069586A1 (fr) * 2020-09-30 2022-04-07 Woco Gmbh & Co. Kg Séparateur électrostatique, section de tube et système produisant une matière particulaire

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4414081A1 (fr) * 2023-02-10 2024-08-14 exodraft a/s Système comprenant un ensemble d'électrodes de décharge et unité de précipitateur électrostatique comprenant un tel système

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