EP4353938A1 - Plate-shaped support system for mounting construction elements which extends out of the jam - Google Patents

Abstract

Support system for mounting a component, in particular a door or a window, on a building structure (4), in particular in an installation position at least partially outside the building structure (4), with a support device (12) which can be fastened to the building structure, wherein this support device (12) is offset relative to the building structure in a direction perpendicular to a fastening plane of the building structure (4), and wherein this support device (12) is made of a material which has a low thermal conductivity.

Description

The present invention relates to the field of building construction. In the prior art, it is known that elements such as doors and windows are attached to masonry. These elements sometimes have high masses or weights, so that permanently attaching these elements, especially if they are also supposed to be movable relative to the masonry, represents a particular challenge.

Some of these elements are designed to be cantilevered or partially cantilevered. The fastening of such cantilevered or partially cantilevered elements (e.g. windows or doors) is carried out using mounting systems that are attached to the outside of the building structure and thus expand the reveal opening.

If there are technical installations on the outside of the building, such as fire barriers, so-called insulated baskets for thermal decoupling or an ETICS (external thermal insulation composite system), it is not possible to apply it to the outside. This is also possible if there is not enough space available on the facade.

Supports or brackets for load transfer for window or door elements made of metal have been known for a long time. The protrusion of window and door elements in front of the actual facade surface is due to structural physics reasons.

Furthermore, metal brackets can only transfer loads to the structure at specific points. Better are systems that can transfer loads to the structure linearly, i.e. over the entire length of the component.

Examples of brackets for installation in the insulation layer can be found in EP 0 945 577 B2 or the EP 1 500 768 B1 .

The present invention is therefore based on the object of improving such mounting arrangements. In particular, sufficient stability should be ensured, but on the other hand, satisfactory (thermal) insulation should also be achieved.

These objects are achieved according to the invention by the subject matter of the independent patent claim. Advantageous embodiments and further developments are the subject matter of the subclaims.

A support system according to the invention for mounting a component, in particular a door or a window or a gate on a building, in particular in an installation position at least partially outside the building, has a support device which can be fastened to the building, wherein this support device is offset relative to the building in a direction running perpendicular to a fastening plane of the building and wherein this support device is made of a material which has a low thermal conductivity.

In a preferred embodiment, the support system has a first fastening device, in particular one-piece, which can be fastened to the structure by means of at least one first fastening means and can be fastened to the support device by means of at least one second fastening means.

In this preferred embodiment, a fastening means, which is described in more detail below, is proposed in order to fasten the support device (if necessary additionally) to the structure. However, it is also conceivable that this fastening means is dispensed with and the support device is preferably fastened directly to the structure. For example, it would be conceivable that the support device could be glued to the structure. or is connected to it by a material bond. It would also be conceivable to screw the support device directly onto the building structure.

It is therefore proposed that, in contrast to devices from the prior art, the material has a low thermal conductivity. In particular, low thermal conductivity is understood to mean a thermal conductivity that is lower than the thermal conductivity of, for example, copper.

In particular, a low thermal conductivity is understood to mean a thermal conductivity that is less than 200 W/(m K), preferably less than 150 W/(m K), preferably less than 130 W/(m K), preferably less than 100 W/(m K), preferably less than 80 W/(m K), preferably less than 60 W/(m K), preferably less than 50 W/(m K), preferably less than 40 W/(m K), preferably less than 30 W/(m K), preferably less than 20 W/(m K), preferably less than 10 W/(m K), preferably less than 5 W/(m K), preferably less than 3 W/(m K), preferably less than 2 W/(m K), preferably less than 1 W/(m K), preferably less than 0.8 W/(m K), preferably less than 0.7 W/(m K) and particularly preferably less than 0.6 W/(m K).

A support device made of a particularly rigid material is therefore proposed, which at the same time is able to absorb the high weight forces of the element such as a door and which has a comparatively low thermal conductivity.

In a preferred embodiment, the support system extends in an assembled state in a straight direction, in particular a vertical direction or a horizontal direction and in particular a vertical direction.

A carrying device is understood to mean in particular a carrying device which, on the one hand, can be fastened to a building structure such as a masonry, but on the other hand is also suitable and intended for carrying an element such as a door or the like.

In a preferred embodiment, the support device extends in a longitudinal direction, a width direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and a thickness direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and the width direction, wherein preferably the extension in the longitudinal direction is greater than the extension in the width direction and the extension in the width direction is substantially greater than the extension in the thickness direction.

It is preferred that the carrier device is designed in the form of a strip or plate and preferably has a cuboid shape. Particularly preferably, the extension in the width direction is significantly greater than the extension in the thickness direction and preferably at least three times as large, preferably at least five times as large, preferably at least ten times as large.

In particular, the thickness of the support device (in the thickness direction) is at least 0.5 cm, preferably at least 1 cm, preferably at least 2 cm, particularly preferably at least 3 cm and particularly preferably at least 4 cm.

Preferably, the thickness of the support device (in the thickness direction) is at most 30 cm, preferably at most 20 cm, preferably at most 15 cm and particularly preferably at most 10 cm.

Preferably, the support device is plate-shaped and/or strip-shaped.

Particularly preferably, the support device is designed as a mechanically rigid element. This means that the support device is made of a hard material and in particular of a material that is not or hardly flexible.

In a further preferred embodiment, the carrying device is formed in one piece.

In the further front embodiment, the fastening device has an angled and/or stepped cross-section. The fastening device can preferably have a first, in particular flat, section on which a second section is arranged at an angle. In particular, the second section is arranged pivoted relative to the first section by an angle that is between 60° and 120°, preferably between 70° and 110°, preferably between 80° and 100° and particularly preferably at approximately 90°.

The fastening device particularly preferably has a third section which is arranged on the second section. This third section is particularly preferably arranged at an angle to the second section which is between 60° and 120°, preferably between 70° and 110°, preferably between 80° and 100° and particularly preferably at approximately 90°.

In a preferred embodiment, the fastening device is made of a metal. In a further preferred embodiment, the fastening device has a thickness that is greater than 0.1 cm, preferably greater than 0.2 cm, preferably greater than 0.3 cm, preferably greater than 0.5 cm. The fastening device preferably has a thickness that is less than 3 cm, preferably less than 2 cm, preferably less than 1.5 cm, preferably less than 1 cm.

Particularly preferably, a fastening means and in particular a fastening opening through which a screw body can be guided is provided in the first and/or the third section and preferably in both the first and the third section.

In a further foremost embodiment, the first fastening means is designed in the form of at least one and preferably at least two openings through which a fastening body and in particular a screw, a bolt or a nail can be guided.

It is possible that these at least two openings are circular, but it would also be conceivable that these openings are designed as elongated holes.

In a further preferred embodiment, the support device and/or the fastening device has an elongated angle profile, which preferably has at least four round and/or elongated holes for screwing to the structure and/or the support device.

In a further preferred embodiment, the carrying device is made of metal or a plastic and in particular a plastic selected from a group containing polypropylene, polyethylene, polyamide, polyurethane, polystyrene or other polymeric plastics.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the support device has individual recesses and/or a depression, wherein the recesses or the depression particularly preferably extend essentially over the entire length of the support device. Essentially over the entire length is understood to mean an extension over at least 70%, preferably at least 80%, preferably at least 90% and preferably at least 95% of the entire length.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the carrying device has at least one foam element and in particular one foam strip and/or the carrying device is provided with at least one foam element and in particular with at least one foam strip. Further thermal insulation can be achieved by means of this foam strip.

The foam element is preferably made from a PU soft foam and in particular an impregnated PU foam. In a further preferred embodiment, the foam element is made from a soft elastic plastic, preferably polyethylene or polyvinyl chloride, or consists of this material.

In a further embodiment, the carrying device consists of or comprises a solid plastic, wherein the plastic is preferably selected from a group of plastics which contains polyurethane, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene or other hard and in particular polymeric plastics or combinations thereof.

In a further preferred embodiment, the support device has pre-drilled holes, which are particularly preferably arranged in a row and/or in the longitudinal direction of the support system.

The present invention further relates to a building body and/or a structure with a support system of the type described above and a structural element arranged on the support device, wherein the structural element is preferably movable and in particular pivotable relative to the support system.

Preferably, the structural element is arranged at least partially on the outside of the building structure.

The invention therefore also relates to the above-mentioned support device, which is advantageously designed in the form of a dimensionally stable and elongated strip, which can transfer protruding loads, i.e. high weights, in particular from doors, into a load-bearing structure. This support device or the strip is preferably attached to the structure (4) mechanically and/or chemically (for example with an adhesive) by a holding system, in particular the above-mentioned fastening device.

In a preferred embodiment, a linear load transfer through the support device and the fastening device into the building structure is provided. The geometry, material selection and positioning preferably facilitate assembly on the construction site while at the same time providing very favorable building physics properties.

Pre-wall mounting systems made of plastics (e.g. EPS) preferably have a thickness of at least 80mm and are less able to withstand high point loads. This type of mounting is not always possible for window and door elements because there is no space for it.

Deformations caused by the element load should not exceed 3mm, otherwise the components underneath will be stressed. This particularly applies to fire barriers, insulation baskets at transitions to balconies or thermal insulation panels.

The necessary rigidity of metal brackets is achieved through the material thickness and geometry. The major disadvantage of these support systems is the high thermal conductivity and the geometry, which makes it difficult to achieve a seamless, form-fitting connection to thermal insulation and sealing.

The invention combines a mechanical fastening of a support device (load-bearing plastic strip), in particular outside the insulation level, which simultaneously serves as an assembly aid.

• Befestigen einer Befestigungseinrichtung an einer Außenseite des Baukörpers;
• Befestigung einer Trageinrichtung zum Tragen des Bauelements an der Befestigungseinrichtung.

The present invention is further directed to a method for mounting a component on a building structure, comprising the following steps:

• Attaching a fastening device to an external side of the building structure;
• Fastening of a support device for supporting the component to the fastening device.

Alternatively, it is also conceivable to attach the support device (in particular directly) to the building structure, for example by gluing it or arranging it in another way, for example by means of a material bond. The support device could also be screwed to the building structure.

According to the invention, the carrying device consists of a material with a low thermal conductivity and in particular of a plastic.

A tab, preferably an angle profile, is preferably provided as a mechanical fastening or fastening device, which is preferably fastened to the building structure (4) in a first step. The profile is ideally fastened to a floor. This can be done with screws, dowel systems or with bolts as a direct assembly. It can also be used on the side or at the top of the lintel. With four-sided attachment, a surrounding frame is created in the façade opening.

The actual (especially linear) load transfer preferably takes place via the support device. For this, it must have sufficient rigidity/breaking strength. The material is preferably made of plastic rather than metal. In order to meet the mechanical requirements, material thicknesses of at least 30mm, preferably greater than or equal to 50mm, are preferred. The geometry, i.e. the material thickness and the overhang, influence the maximum load that can be absorbed.

When selecting plastics, a composite material made of polyurethane has proven to be particularly suitable. The material, which is made from recycled material, has a thermal conductivity of < 0.1 W/(m·K) and is very easy to process.

The inventive combination of fastening device and support device has the advantage that it does not form a thermal bridge made of materials with good thermal conductivity and that it itself, as well as the support system, is later covered with other building materials.

The combination according to the invention also enables easy installation. Fixing the retaining profile or fastening device using screws/dowels/direct mounting provides a sufficiently large edge distance to the front edge of the component so that there is no risk of breakouts or chipping.

After fixing the fastening device, at least one adhesive substance is preferably introduced onto the structure (4), in particular between an edge and the fastening device, and in particular an adhesive bead (9) is drawn.

The carrying device is then preferably inserted into the fastening device and aligned. A locking screw connection can be installed optionally.

A fastening device in an elongated angle shape allows the necessary joints to be made flat. This is advantageous in order to obtain a surface that is as flat as possible for subsequent sealing measures.

The preferred dimensions of the carrying device depend heavily on the area of application. The loads involved and the overhang influence the necessary material thickness. 40mm to 60mm is the most economical material thickness for the carrying device.

The maximum projection is limited by the material thickness and the load involved. Projections larger than 250mm are rare, so the most common projections are between 80mm and 200mm.

The support device preferably rests on or against the building structure (4), preferably in order to create an adhesive surface as a connection to the building structure (4). The adhesive serves as a contour-following, airtight layer and preferably reduces secondary sound paths.

Support lengths of 70mm to 120mm have proven to be effective. The total width of the support device is preferably between 150mm and 400mm. The length is preferably between 0.5m and 1.5m for easy handling. Since the support device can be connected in any order, the system can be installed several meters long. Longer strips of 1.5 to 6m or more can also be provided for industrial production.

In addition, it is possible to adapt the design of the geometries for a specific optimal task area.

In order to avoid having to create separate fastening dimensions for each material thickness of the carrying device, recesses on the carrying device or, if necessary, the included underlay strips are recommended.

Such a recess can also be used as a stop line. This allows an exact edge distance to be set to the front edge of the structure (4).

Another change to the design could be pre-drilled holes in the support structure. This makes it easier to attach the support structure (e.g. with screws) directly to the structure. A row of drill holes is advantageous in this case.

Further measures, such as foam strips on the bottom and/or top of the support structure, can be arranged to ensure a better, contour-following connection to adjacent components such as substructure profiles or fire barriers. The number, position, cutting width and thickness of the foam strips can preferably be selected differently.

The described combination of fastening device and support device for windows and door frames in the facade thus represents an easy-to-install and structurally optimal fastening system for critical connections. In addition, the combination allows a simple and safe connection of seals and thermal insulation.

Further advantages and embodiments can be seen from the attached drawings

Show it:

Fig.1

A fastening device in the form of a tab on a building structure;

Fig.2

an angle-shaped fastening device on the building structure;

Fig.3

a carrying device in the form of a strip;

Fig.4

a carrying device as a strip with a recess on a top side and with an optional foam strip;

Fig.5

a support device with a recess on the underside as a stop line to the building structure, with foam strips on both surfaces and with optional pre-drilled holes;

Fig.6

a support device (10) in the fastening device, including an adhesive connection to the structure;

Fig.7

a support device in the fastening device on the building structure, with an adhesive and a directly attached door sill profile, without a typical substructure profile; and

Fig.8

another illustration of a carrying system in a special fastening device.

Figure 1 shows a structure 4 to which a fastening device 1 is arranged and in particular fastened. This fastening device 1 has a first section 1a, which in turn has a recess for a fastening means 3 such as a bore, with which the fastening device 1 can be screwed to the structure 4. A second section 1b extends perpendicular to the first section 1a and a third section 1c extends in turn perpendicular to the section 1b but also offset and parallel to the section 1a.

In the third section 1c, a fastening device in the form of a hole is preferably also provided, by means of which the fastening device 1 can be screwed to a carrying device (not shown).

Figure 2 shows a further illustration with an elongated fastening device 1. In this case too, the fastening device 1 is designed in steps and has three fastening devices 3 for screwing to the building structure and three fastening devices 2 for screwing to a support device (not shown).

Figure 3 shows a representation of the support device 12 in a first embodiment. This has a length L, a width B and a thickness D. It can be seen that the length L is significantly greater, for example three times as large as the width B, and the width B is in turn several times as large as the thickness D, for example at least three times as large, preferably at least four times as large and preferably at least five times as large.

Furthermore, the support device 12 is designed in a cuboid-like and/or strip-like manner.

Figure 4 shows a further embodiment of the carrying device 12. This has a recess 22 on a surface 12a. In addition, this carrying device has a foam element such as a foam strip 14, which is also arranged on a surface 12a of the carrying device 12. A component (such as a door, not shown) can in turn be attached to this foam strip and/or to the carrying device 12 and accommodate the foam strip 14 in between.

In addition, the carrying device also has (optional) pilot holes 13.

Figure 5 shows a further illustration in which a support device 12 is attached to a structure 4. This support device 12 has a recess on the underside to accommodate the structure 4. The reference number 13 designates a plurality of drill holes by means of which it is possible to screw it onto the structure 4. The reference numbers 14 in turn designate foam strips, with one foam strip on the top and two foam strips on the underside of the support device 12.

Figure 6 shows a further embodiment of a support sieve system according to the invention. Here, a fastening device 1 is arranged on the structure 4 and in particular screwed on. Furthermore, the fastening device 1 is connected to the support device 12, in particular screwed on. Furthermore, two adhesive joints, in particular adhesive beads 9, are arranged between the support device 12 and the structure 4.

Figure 7 shows a further embodiment of a support system. Here, the fastening device 1 is again fastened to the structure 4. Furthermore, the support device 12 is also arranged on the fastening device 1. In addition, an element such as a door sill profile or substructure profile 8 is arranged on the support device 12. Here, too, two adhesive strips 9 are provided in order to fasten the support device 12 to the structure 4.

Figure 8 finally shows a further embodiment of a support system according to the invention. Here too, a fastening device 1 is arranged both on a structure four and on the support device 12. The fastening device 1 here has two steps or a total of four sections, with two sections being parallel to one another and offset with respect to one another.

The applicant reserves the right to claim all features disclosed in the application documents as essential to the invention, provided that they are new individually or in combination compared to the prior art. It is also pointed out that features are also described in the individual figures which can be advantageous in themselves. The person skilled in the art will immediately recognize that a certain feature described in a figure can also be advantageous without adopting further features from this figure. The person skilled in the art will also recognize that advantages can also arise from a combination of several features shown in individual or different figures.

List of reference symbols

1

Fastening device

2

Recess for fastening devices in the carrying system

3

Recess for fastening elements in the building structure

4

Building structure

5

Fasteners, screw connections in the building structure

6

Fasteners, screw connection in the carrying system

8th

Door threshold/substructure profile

9

Adhesive beads between the support system and the building structure

12

Carrying device

13

Pre-drilling

14

Foam strips

22

Recess/cutout in the carrying system

Claims (15)

Support system for mounting a component, in particular a door or a window, on a building structure (4), in particular in an installation position at least partially outside the building structure (4), with a support device (12) which can be fastened to the building structure, wherein this support device (12) is offset relative to the building structure in a direction perpendicular to a fastening plane of the building structure (4), and wherein this support device (12) is made of a material which has a low thermal conductivity. Carrying system according to claim 1,
characterized in that
the support system has a first, in particular one-piece fastening device (1) which can be fastened to the structure (4) by means of at least one first fastening means (5) and can be fastened to the support device by means of at least one second fastening means (6). Carrying system according to claim 1,
characterized in that
the support device extends in a longitudinal direction (L), a width direction (B) perpendicular to the longitudinal direction (L) and in a thickness direction (H) perpendicular to the longitudinal direction (L) and the width direction, wherein preferably the extension in the longitudinal direction L is greater than the extension in the width direction (B) and the extension in the width direction is substantially greater than the extension in the thickness direction (D). Carrying system according to claim 1,
characterized in that
the carrying device (12) is designed as a mechanically rigid element and/or is formed in one piece. Carrying system according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the fastening device has an angled and/or stepped cross-section. Carrying system according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the first fastening means has at least one and preferably at least two openings through which a fastening body can be guided. Carrying system according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the carrying device (12) consists of metal or a plastic and in particular polypropylene, polyethylene and/or polyamide, polyurethane, polystyrene or other hard, polymeric plastic. Carrying system according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the carrying device (12) has individual recesses or a depression (11), in particular substantially over its entire length (L). Carrying system according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the carrying device (12) is provided with at least one foam element (14) and in particular with at least one foam strip. Carrying system according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the foam element (14) consists of an impregnated PU soft foam or of a soft-elastic plastic, preferably polyethylene or polyvinyl chloride. Carrying system according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the carrying device (12) preferably consists of a solid plastic or comprises such a plastic, wherein the plastic is preferably selected from a group of plastics which contains polyurethane, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene or other hard, in particular polymeric plastics, or combinations thereof. Carrying system according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the support device (12) has pilot holes (13), which are preferably arranged in a row and in the longitudinal direction of the support system. Building body (4) and/or structure with a support system according to at least one of the preceding claims and a structural element arranged on the support device (12), wherein the structural element is preferably movable and in particular pivotable relative to the support system. Building structure (4) and/or structure according to the preceding claim,
characterized in that
the component is arranged at least partially on the outside of the building structure. Method for mounting a component on a building structure (4) comprising the steps: - Fastening a fastening device (1) to an outer side of the building structure (4) or in a wall opening; - fastening a support device (12) for supporting the component to the fastening device (4), and/or Fastening a support device for supporting the component to the structure , characterized in that the carrying device consists of a material with a low thermal conductivity and in particular of a plastic.

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