EP4334644A1 - Système de chambre de combustion à combustion d'hydrogène, procédé et installation - Google Patents

Système de chambre de combustion à combustion d'hydrogène, procédé et installation

Info

Publication number
EP4334644A1
EP4334644A1 EP22731254.3A EP22731254A EP4334644A1 EP 4334644 A1 EP4334644 A1 EP 4334644A1 EP 22731254 A EP22731254 A EP 22731254A EP 4334644 A1 EP4334644 A1 EP 4334644A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
combustion chamber
steam
flame tube
chamber system
hydrogen
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP22731254.3A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Marc Tertilt
Friederike Lange
Martin Stapper
Marcus Gwenner
Christoph Kortschik
Norbert Sürken
Leonard Muke
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens Energy Global GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Siemens Energy Global GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Energy Global GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Siemens Energy Global GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP4334644A1 publication Critical patent/EP4334644A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L7/00—Supplying non-combustible liquids or gases, other than air, to the fire, e.g. oxygen, steam
    • F23L7/002—Supplying water
    • F23L7/005—Evaporated water; Steam
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L7/00—Supplying non-combustible liquids or gases, other than air, to the fire, e.g. oxygen, steam
    • F23L7/007—Supplying oxygen or oxygen-enriched air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in air; Combustion processes therefor
    • F23C2900/9901—Combustion process using hydrogen, hydrogen peroxide water or brown gas as fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L2900/00—Special arrangements for supplying or treating air or oxidant for combustion; Injecting inert gas, water or steam into the combustion chamber
    • F23L2900/07005—Injecting pure oxygen or oxygen enriched air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L2900/00—Special arrangements for supplying or treating air or oxidant for combustion; Injecting inert gas, water or steam into the combustion chamber
    • F23L2900/07009—Injection of steam into the combustion chamber

Definitions

  • the invention describes a combustion chamber system (“SteamBooster”) for the combustion of hydrogen with the aim of heating a steam flow or increasing its steam states, a method and a plant.
  • SteamBooster combustion chamber system
  • the boiler in the power plant is usually fired externally with e.g. coal, nuclear waste heat or the exhaust gas of a gas turbine that is fired with gas or oil.
  • the aim is to use hydrogen.
  • the object is achieved by a combustion chamber system according to claim 1 and a method according to claim 21 and a system according to claim 32.
  • the advantage is the combustion of pure hydrogen (H2) and preferably oxygen (O2) with water vapor as the combustion product.
  • the goal is pollutant-free turbines with water or steam as a combustion product (CO2-free, NOx -free) or for process steam generation.
  • the combustion chamber system can also be integrated into an existing steam power plant or into a steam gas turbine plant.
  • the combustion chamber system can also be integrated into industrial applications with steam circuits or steam decoupling, where CCh-free co-firing is particularly required.
  • Figure 1 schematically shows the basic principle of a combustion chamber system
  • FIG. 2 shows a top view of a combustion cylinder
  • FIG. 3 shows a combustion cylinder without an external pressure jacket
  • FIG. 4 shows a section through FIG. 2, FIGS. 5-7 detailed views of a base of a combustion chamber,
  • FIGS. 9, 14 a module for a flame tube
  • FIGS. 10, 15 a stacking and arrangement of modules
  • FIG. 11 an ignition arrangement
  • FIG. 12 plan view of a flange
  • FIG a module plan view of a flange
  • Figure 1 shows a combustion chamber system 1 according to the invention.
  • the combustion chamber system 1 has a combustion cylinder 7 with a combustion chamber 30 as a central component.
  • the combustion chamber 30 has a base plate 4 to which a flame tube 22 with the combustion chamber 30 and an outlet opening 32 at the end of the combustion chamber 30 is preferably connected directly.
  • the flame tube 22 is preferably ceramic, in particular completely ceramic.
  • the length of the combustion chamber 30 or the flame tube 22 is preferably at least three times, in particular three to five times as long as the hydraulic diameter of the combustion chamber 30.
  • the cross section of the combustion chamber 30 viewed in the combustion chamber direction 31 can be circular or oval in shape.
  • the base plate 4 there are several lines (see also FIGS. 6, 7) which supply the fuel, which is hydrogen and preferably oxygen and steam, in particular water vapor.
  • the fuel which is hydrogen and preferably oxygen and steam, in particular water vapor.
  • air can also preferably be used instead of oxygen (O2).
  • the lines are in particular at least a first supply line 10 for the oxygen (O2), a second supply line 13 for the hydrogen (H2) and a third supply line 16 for the water vapor (H2O). There are preferably only these leads 10, 13, 16.
  • Steam is preferably supplied to the combustion chamber system 1 via a central steam line 19, which is divided in particular, in particular into the third supply line 16 for the steam for the combustion chamber 30 and preferably into a steam line 25 for the steam, which is in a space 41 around the Flame tube 22 flows and then flows through the flame tube 22 into the combustion chamber 30 in places via steam passages 50 or steam passages 150 (FIGS. 10, 15).
  • the intermediate space 41 is preferably delimited directly by the flame tube 22 and a pressure jacket 40.
  • the vapor passages 50 and/or vapor outlets 150 are preferably distributed over the entire length of the flame tube 22 and preferably also around the circumference of the flame tube 22.
  • the steam line 25 can in particular be divided into two steam lines 25', 25'' for the intermediate space 41.
  • the intermediate space 41 is closed at the end, in particular in the area of an outlet opening 32 .
  • the intermediate space 41 represents a closed space, i.e. apart from the supply lines, in particular for the steam, and the steam passages 50 and steam outlets 150.
  • all of the steam from the supply lines preferably flows completely out of the intermediate space 41 into the combustion chamber 30.
  • the combustion chamber system 1 also preferably has drainage lines 33, pressure relief valves or an overpressure protection 36 for it, and a vapor bridge 39 (bypass).
  • a fuO spray 42 may be present.
  • a rinsing system 3 is preferably present, which can rinse through lines, in particular stick material is used.
  • the flame tube 22 can be cooled by the circulating steam 28 during operation and/or preferably can be preheated by the steam in the stand-by mode.
  • the proposed combustion chamber system 1 preferably has a combustion chamber axis 31 as shown in FIG.
  • combustion cylinder 7 can also be arranged horizontally with appropriate supports (optional leaf springs 60 in FIG. 3).
  • the combustion chamber 30 preferably has the same cross section across the length of the combustion chamber axis 31 and preferably over the entire length.
  • the combustion chamber system 1 preferably works in a steam atmosphere, preferably from lbar to 140 bar, in particular at lbar to 80 bar.
  • the combustion chamber 30 is operated in a steam atmosphere of preferably at least 2 bar, in particular at least 6 bar.
  • a pressure drop of 100 mbar - 3000 mbar is preferably set.
  • Figure 2 shows the combustion cylinder 7 with the outer pressure jacket 40 around the flame tube 22 (not visible therefore), whereby the gap 41 ( Figure 4) is formed.
  • the modules 46', 46'', . . . are then preferably also made of ceramic.
  • a monolithic flame tube 22 made of ceramic or metal can also be used.
  • An oxide ceramic is preferably used, in particular based on aluminum oxide or aluminum oxide/spinel.
  • no SiC or silicon-based ceramic is used.
  • the modules 46', 46'', Heat shield elements of gas turbines is known.
  • Figures 2, 3 show several rods 43, preferably threaded rods, which guide and hold the individual modules 46', 46'', . . . (FIGS. 3, 4, 5, 10, 11) or the flame tube 22.
  • modules 46', 46'', ... which are held together by the rods 43 and by an upper plate 44 and the base plate 4.
  • the intermediate space 41 can be formed around the flame tube 22 by means of the outer pressure jacket 40 .
  • leaf spring elements 60 which support the modules 46', 46'', ... against the outer pressure jacket 40 (not shown).
  • Figure 4 shows the flame tube 22 or the modules 46', 46'', ... with the combustion chamber 30 and vapor passages 50.
  • the vapor passages 50 are through holes in a module 46 or in the flame tube 22.
  • the steam passages 50 are preferably distributed evenly in the flame tube 22 or in a module 46', 46'', ... or, depending on the heat load, in particular, possibly also asymmetrically.
  • the modules 46'', 46'', ... or a monolithic flame tube 22 can be designed differently and differently according to the technical requirements and have more or fewer steam passages 50 or steam passages 150 (Fig. 9, 10 ) exhibit.
  • the outlet opening 32 is preferably realized via the upper plate 44, which on the one hand ensures the counter-centering of the modules 46', 46'', ... or the flame tube 22 and, in particular, at the same time contains a shadow to prevent the subsequent components from overheating due to the radiant heat of the flame tube 22 to prevent.
  • the outer pressure jacket 40 has a flange 68 'on which a cover plate 64 rests and with its flange 68''to the flange 68' of the outer pressure jacket 40 by means of Be fastening element 65, in particular a screw and nut is screwed.
  • Be fastening element 65 in particular a screw and nut is screwed.
  • the cover plate 64 has an outlet opening 69 which is opposite the outlet opening 32 or extends it.
  • the base plate 4 (or flame tube base) (Fig. 5) contains a burner and the ignition unit (both not shown) and serves as a center for the modules 46', 46'', ... or the flame tube 22.
  • the combustion chamber 30 is formed in particular by a stack of modules 46′, 46′′, . . .
  • a thermal expansion of the individual, in particular ceramic modules 46', 46'', ... and also with the base plate 4 during heating and cooling is prevented by means of attachment, in particular by a groove 102 tongue 101 construction, in particular here for example hemispherical with special needs.
  • the groove 102-tongue 101 construction can preferably also be formed between the modules 46', 46'', ... and/or a module 46' and bottom plate 4 and/or a module 46 and top plate 44.
  • the length of the combustion chamber 30 can be varied at will by stacking different numbers of modules 46', 46'', . . .
  • modules 46', 46'', ... with different lengths can be used.
  • the combustion chamber 30 can also be varied in diameter by varying the diameter of the modules 46', 46''. A taper with the modules 46', 46'' is also possible.
  • the prestressing takes place via the rods 43 and spring elements with a contact pressure suitable for ceramics.
  • the ceramic is only subjected to pressure.
  • Each module 46', 46'', ...or the flame tube 22 preferably contains defined vapor passages 50 which allow the mixing zone of combustion and the surrounding vapor to be mixed in stages for optimum combustion of hydrogen (H2) and preferably oxygen (O2) and set the required or desired temperatures.
  • the steam passages 50 are round and/or oval and/or angular and have a constant or variable cross-section in their through-flow direction and are arranged in the direction of flow in particular at shallow angles, in particular between 80° and ⁇ 90°, to prevent the hot flame from being applied to prevent the wall of the flame tube 22 and/or to introduce swirl into the combustion media.
  • these can also be directed in such a way that they are injected directly into a flame and induce strong mixing.
  • the steam passages 50 can be distributed in different sizes over the length of the modules 46 or over the length of the flame tube 22 or can be designed as steam passages 150 on the end face 133 of a module 46 .
  • the arrangement can be selected specifically for the various industrial applications, applications for generating electricity or using hydrogen (H2) and preferably oxygen (O2) in steam-driven combustion processes
  • Examples of the arrangement of the steam passages 50 are from the formations 3, 4, 5 can be found.
  • FIG. 4 also reveals that the combustion chamber 30 preferably has the same cross-section transversely to the axis 31 of the combustion chamber over its length.
  • the base plate 4 assumes several functions:
  • the mixing of the fuel preferably takes place here only in the combustion chamber 30.
  • FIG. 6 also shows that steam flows into the area between the flame tube 22 and the outer pressure jacket 40 .
  • the steam preferably flows in the direction of the outlet opening 32. Steam is also supplied to a burner 58 and/or around the burner 58 .
  • FIG. 7 shows a variant of the base plate 4 with internal premixing in a mixer 55 in the base plate 4, where the arrangement of the injection levels in the steam passage can be configured individually.
  • hydrogen (H2) and oxygen (O2) are mixed in the mixer 55 and only then fed to the combustion chamber 30 .
  • FIG. 8 shows a schematic representation of how different media can be mixed with one another, preferably in a plate 110 such as the base plate 4 .
  • the mixture then exits the channel 114 in a direction 115 such as into the combustion chamber 30 according to FIG. 6 or 7 .
  • Figure 9 shows a single module 46.
  • a plurality of indentations 130 are preferably present.
  • the shape of the indentations 130 can be varied, such as having a narrowing, wedge-shaped course in the plane of the base area 134 of the indentation 130 .
  • the base 134 of a recess 130 is preferably flat, ie the combustion chamber axis 31 (or a line parallel thereto) is perpendicular to the base 134 (FIGS. 9, 14) or the base 134 is designed to rise or fall, ie the combustion chamber axis 31 ( or a parallel thereto) is not perpendicular to the base 134, as can be seen in fi gures 10, 15 for some vapor passages 150 in the section of the modules 46.
  • the geometry and arrangement of the vapor passages 150 can be different for each individual module 46 or can be the same for the respective modules 46', 46''.
  • the geometry and arrangement of the vapor passages 150 can also be different, in particular for a single module 46 .
  • FIG. 16 shows a plan view of a module 46' according to FIG. 9 (or FIG. 14).
  • Each indentation 130', 130", 130"', ... has a center line 131', 131", 131".
  • the center line 131', ... divides the base area 134 in half.
  • the base 134 is preferably wedge-shaped (frustum-spherical) because the edges of the base 134 represent radials.
  • the recess 130 can be designed with its center line 131 such that the center line 131 of the base area 134 does not run through the combustion chamber axis 31, as is indicated in FIG. 17 as an example for a recess 130. This enables a tangential twist when a fluid, here steam, flows through the steam passage.
  • the base 134 is therefore preferably not wedge-shaped here.
  • the base 134 can preferably also be square or rectangular.
  • the module 46 can likewise in turn consist of several elements 48', 48'', . . . .
  • Such an element 48', 48'', ... of a module 46 is represented by the dashed dividing lines 49', ... in FIG.
  • Each module 46 (Fig. 9) or element 48', ... (Fig. 14) for a module 46 according to Figs. 9, 14, 16, 17 can have steam passages 50 which in themselves already represent through holes.
  • Vapor passages 150 with the same purpose as the vapor passages 50 are only obtained by stacking the individual modules 46',
  • indentations 130 becomes clear in FIG. 10, because through the stacking of a plurality of modules 46′ to 46′′′′, through-holes for the flame tube 22, ie steam passages 150, result from the indentations 130.
  • These vapor passages 150 can also preferably be freely selected and designed in terms of their geometry.
  • Such a vapor passage 150 can only be achieved by stacking two modules 46', 46'',
  • vapor passages 150 can be present at the same time due to the depressions 130 and vapor passages 50 (Fig A burner 58 is arranged at the bottom of the combustion chamber 30 (FIG. 11).
  • This burner 58 is preferably a porous burner.
  • a design is possible for an igniter 405 in which the igniter 405 is introduced laterally into the combustion chamber 30 (FIG. 11).
  • FIG. 11 shows schematically how the arrangement of igniter 405 and burner 58 is configured.
  • the igniter 405 is guided transversely to the longitudinal direction above the burner 58 or is present there through a vapor passage 50 or another implementation.
  • the igniter 405 can preferably be fed into the combustion chamber, so that during operation after the initial and one-off ignition, the igniter 405 can be removed from the highly corrosive area.
  • the igniter 405 is at a corresponding distance 400 from the burner.
  • Ignition takes place between burner 58 and ignition device 405 instead.
  • the igniter 405 can be moved out of the combustion chamber 30 .
  • Figure 12 shows the top view of a flange 700 with base plate 4 with steam inlet openings, drainage openings for drainage lines 33 for the removal of condensate from the booster, the opening for the burner 58.
  • openings 703 ', 703'' is supplied to the combustion chamber system 1 from the steam of the existing plant steam. These are preferably a plurality of openings, which in particular are evenly distributed around the circumference.
  • the rods 43 are arranged schematically between the openings 703', .
  • the steam thus flows here into the intermediate space 41 between the outer pressure jacket 40 and the flame tube 22 .
  • the drainage openings for drainage lines 33 can also be seen.
  • the burner 58 is arranged centrally, around which the steam lines 25', 25'', . . . are arranged.
  • a valve for hosing down the steam line is preferably also provided.
  • the combustion chamber system 1 is preferably connected in series with a steam pipe of an existing plant and is connected in series there by means of the flange.
  • a three-part mold concept is planned for the manufacture of the ceramic segments, in which the ceramic mass is filled around the circumference. The aim here is to produce the two contact surfaces close to the final shape and to avoid post-processing as much as possible.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Air Supply (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système de chambre de combustion (1) dans lequel de l'hydrogène (H2) et de l'oxygène (O2) sont brûlés en présence d'eau (H2O) ou de vapeur d'eau (H2O).
EP22731254.3A 2021-07-01 2022-06-02 Système de chambre de combustion à combustion d'hydrogène, procédé et installation Pending EP4334644A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP21183260.5A EP4113008A1 (fr) 2021-07-01 2021-07-01 Système de chambre de combustion alimentée en hydrogène, procédé et installation
PCT/EP2022/065112 WO2023274661A1 (fr) 2021-07-01 2022-06-02 Système de chambre de combustion à combustion d'hydrogène, procédé et installation

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4334644A1 true EP4334644A1 (fr) 2024-03-13

Family

ID=76744764

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP21183260.5A Withdrawn EP4113008A1 (fr) 2021-07-01 2021-07-01 Système de chambre de combustion alimentée en hydrogène, procédé et installation
EP22731254.3A Pending EP4334644A1 (fr) 2021-07-01 2022-06-02 Système de chambre de combustion à combustion d'hydrogène, procédé et installation

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP21183260.5A Withdrawn EP4113008A1 (fr) 2021-07-01 2021-07-01 Système de chambre de combustion alimentée en hydrogène, procédé et installation

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (2) EP4113008A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2024523393A (fr)
KR (1) KR20240027111A (fr)
CN (1) CN117597548A (fr)
WO (1) WO2023274661A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6201029B1 (en) * 1996-02-13 2001-03-13 Marathon Oil Company Staged combustion of a low heating value fuel gas for driving a gas turbine
EP1375827A1 (fr) 2002-06-28 2004-01-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Centrale à vapeur
KR101036734B1 (ko) * 2005-10-31 2011-05-24 어플라이드 머티어리얼스, 인코포레이티드 공정 저감 반응로
JP6334817B2 (ja) * 2016-03-14 2018-05-30 株式会社東芝 ガスタービン設備

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR20240027111A (ko) 2024-02-29
JP2024523393A (ja) 2024-06-28
WO2023274661A1 (fr) 2023-01-05
EP4113008A1 (fr) 2023-01-04
CN117597548A (zh) 2024-02-23

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