EP4313623A1 - Enveloppe deformable sans air a support structurel - Google Patents
Enveloppe deformable sans air a support structurelInfo
- Publication number
- EP4313623A1 EP4313623A1 EP22715131.3A EP22715131A EP4313623A1 EP 4313623 A1 EP4313623 A1 EP 4313623A1 EP 22715131 A EP22715131 A EP 22715131A EP 4313623 A1 EP4313623 A1 EP 4313623A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- mpa
- equal
- airless
- spokes
- deformable
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C7/00—Non-inflatable or solid tyres
- B60C7/10—Non-inflatable or solid tyres characterised by means for increasing resiliency
- B60C7/14—Non-inflatable or solid tyres characterised by means for increasing resiliency using springs
- B60C7/146—Non-inflatable or solid tyres characterised by means for increasing resiliency using springs extending substantially radially, e.g. like spokes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B1/00—Spoked wheels; Spokes thereof
- B60B1/006—Spoked wheels; Spokes thereof specially adapted for light-weight wheels, e.g. of strollers or wheel-chairs
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B5/00—Wheels, spokes, disc bodies, rims, hubs, wholly or predominantly made of non-metallic material
- B60B5/02—Wheels, spokes, disc bodies, rims, hubs, wholly or predominantly made of non-metallic material made of synthetic material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B9/00—Wheels of high resiliency, e.g. with conical interacting pressure-surfaces
- B60B9/26—Wheels of high resiliency, e.g. with conical interacting pressure-surfaces comprising resilient spokes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
- B60C11/0008—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts characterised by the tread rubber
- B60C2011/0016—Physical properties or dimensions
- B60C2011/0025—Modulus or tan delta
Definitions
- the subject of the present invention is a deformable envelope without air with structural support (cf. US2010/200131A1, US2004/012246A1, US2021/061011, WO2019/119155A1, US2020/009916A1, AT394827B), intended to equip a rolling object pushed or pulled such as a wheelbarrow, a trolley, a bed on wheels, hospital or not, a piece of furniture on wheels, a boat launch, a trolley etc... or an idler wheel all having a maximum speed less than 25 km/h.
- a rolling object pushed or pulled such as a wheelbarrow, a trolley, a bed on wheels, hospital or not, a piece of furniture on wheels, a boat launch, a trolley etc... or an idler wheel all having a maximum speed less than 25 km/h.
- This type of rolling object is either equipped with tires whose elasticity is ensured by the volume of air that it contains (1937FR-0833640D), or equipped with a wheel whose outer casing is a tire thermoplastic or resin with little or no deformability.
- Tires have the disadvantage of puncturing and in many cases the price of the tire and its replacement is more expensive than the object itself. This is particularly true for wheelbarrows which are used on construction sites where the ground contains metal objects such as nails, screws, iron wire capable of perforating tires.
- Rigid wheels with metal or thermoplastic rims surrounded by a rigid thermoplastic tire are not suitable for regular use on ground comprising planks, steep edges a few centimeters thick such as on construction sites to pass a hole, to lead to a slightly elevated area, and so on.
- a pneumatic wheelbarrow wheel deforms locally on the obstacle it crosses. It absorbs part of the energy of the impact with the obstacle and creates two contact surfaces, one vertical and one horizontal. These two surfaces each generate a contact force component, each normal to the surface. On the vertical surface, the force is in the direction of rotation of the wheel and tends to make it turn. On the horizontal surface, the component is vertical, it opposes the rotation but also tends to lift the axis of the wheelbarrow. With inertia, it is possible to pass the obstacle, especially since the pneumatic wheel releases the deformation energy by returning to its normal shape, helping to also lift the wheelbarrow axle.
- the rigidity of the wheel is such that its deformation is almost zero and that it almost instantaneously restores the impact energy perpendicular to the contact corner, through the entire rigid body of the wheelbarrow in the arms of the user generating much more fatigue and in the long run problems musculoskeletal.
- wheels with a solid tire made of thermoplastic or other rigid materials have not been successful in the professional markets where the uses are nevertheless the most severe and where the advantage of a puncture-proof wheel is the most important.
- a wheel having a geometry of revolution with respect to an axis of rotation the geometry of the wheel is generally described in a meridian plane containing the axis of rotation of the wheel.
- the radial, axial and circumferential directions designate respectively the directions perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the wheel, parallel to the axis of rotation of the wheel and perpendicular to the meridian plane.
- the circumferential direction is tangent to the circumference of the wheel.
- the axial direction is indifferently named axial or transverse.
- a plane perpendicular to the axis is called the circumferential plane.
- the inventors have set themselves the objective of finding a puncture-proof device having the same or better obstacle-clearing capacity than a wheel fitted with a tire for pushed or pulled rolling objects, or for idler wheels of vehicle, all at a speed of less than 25 km/h.
- This objective is achieved with a deformable envelope without air with structural support for a rolling object pushed or pulled at a speed of less than 25 km/h, or for an idler wheel of a vehicle whose maximum speed is less than 25 km/h, including:
- annular rolling strip having circumferential and transverse elastic moduli at least equal to 1 MPa and at most equal to 100 MPa
- the rays have radial and transverse elastic moduli at least equal to 1 MPa and at most equal to 100 MPa.
- deformable envelope without air we mean a deformable object intended to be mounted on a rim made of rigid material, plastic, wood, metal, the whole of which forms a wheel for a rolling object or a vehicle.
- This wheel does not have a closed cavity intended to contain air or a gas in a hermetic or generally hermetic manner.
- It is elastically deformable, i.e. after use under the normal conditions of use of the rolling object or the vehicle, the deformable envelope without air with structural support returns to its initial shape.
- the airless deformable envelope is structurally supported, i.e. its elastic deformable function is ensured by a material structure, the annular rolling strip assembly and the plurality of spokes.
- the spokes are connected to the annular rolling strip by their most radially outer ends and connected to the rim by an attachment means which may be an inner annular strip, radially inner to the spokes.
- the elastic deformable function is not ensured by an airtight cavity containing air or a gas.
- tires contain air or a gas, the compression of which in an airtight chamber allows elastic operation.
- This structurally supported airless deformable casing is intended for use in which it does not transmit torque or drift stress to the object on which it is mounted. It can be mounted on a non-steering non-driving idler wheel of a motorized vehicle traveling at a speed of less than 25 km/h, such as the idler wheels of non-pushed or pulled electric wheelchairs, the sole function of which is to take up part of weight and stabilize the wheelchair.
- this deformable tire without air with structural support is that it is particularly deformable and does not contain the structural reinforcements usually contained in this type of object and in tires as a general rule.
- the airless deformable casing with structural support must take up the force by local crushing of the annular rolling strip and of the spokes between the contact area and the rim.
- the structurally supported airless crushable envelope should therefore not contain long textile or metal reinforcements. Containing it would give the annular tread or the spokes a stiffness greater than 100 MPa.
- the structurally supported airless envelope does not have the necessary structural strength to withstand centrifugation for a speed greater than 25 Km/h, or to pass torque or drift.
- a solid bandage In compression, a solid bandage has a much greater rigidity than a deformable envelope without air according to the invention.
- This deformability of the invention is ensured on the one hand by the openwork structure of the spokes which represent less than 50% of the volume between the annular rolling strip and the rim of the wheel. This deformability is also ensured by the mechanical characteristics of the components undergoing deformation, of the deformable envelope without air with structural support, namely the annular rolling strip and the plurality of spokes connecting the annular rolling strip to the means for connect said spokes to the rim.
- the circumferential and transverse elastic moduli of the annular rolling strip are at least equal to 1 MPa and at most equal to 100 MPa, preferably at least equal to 5 MPa and at most equal to 15 MPa.
- the structurally supported airless deformable envelope is able to perform the function of carrying the load and passing obstacles and it deforms optimally on the obstacle.
- the textile or metal reinforcements of the tires take them out of this range, as do the tires filled with rigid materials.
- the annular rolling strip of the airless deformable casing with structural support is made of a rubbery mixture, a rubber composition comprising at least one elastomer and one filler.
- a rubbery mixture a rubber composition comprising at least one elastomer and one filler.
- short textile or metal fibers whose length is less than 25% of the axial width of the annular band. that do not excessively stiffen the components of the structurally supported airless crushable tire.
- the use of such fibers can generate different moduli according to the transverse and circumferential directions. It is essential to ensure good clearance of obstacles that these two moduli are between 1 and 100MPa, preferably between 5 and 15 MPa.
- spokes connecting the annular rolling strip to the attachment means to the rim are preferably made of a rubbery mixture. They may contain short textile or metal fibers which may induce different radial and transverse moduli but which must be between 1 and 100 MPa and preferably between 5 and 15 MPa.
- the materials, in particular the rubbery mixtures, used in the deformable envelope without air with structural support according to the invention have stiffnesses estimated by their so-called "nominal" secant moduli at 10% elongation according to standard NL ISO 37 of December 2005, between 1 MPa and 100 MPa, preferably between 5 and 15 MPa.
- the deformable envelope is made of a single material.
- the deformable envelope is made of a single material.
- the deformable casing means all of its various components, namely the annular rolling strip, the spokes and the means for connecting the plurality of spokes with a rim of a rolling object or of a vehicle whose maximum speed is less than 25 kph.
- an advantageous means is an annular strip radially inside the spokes and connected to them, capable of being mounted on the rim without risk of unseating.
- the spokes be curved in a circumferential plane, perpendicular to the axis of rotation. Thus they all bend in the same direction during use and the contacts between these spokes do not oppose their deformations.
- curves we mean that the spokes do not have a purely radial section in the various circumferential planes but have at least one point of inflection. They can be made up of two line segments making angles with the radial direction.
- the rays it is advantageous for the rays to make an average angle at least equal to 3° and at most equal to 10° with respect to the axial direction, called the transverse direction.
- the transverse direction it is possible to distribute the rigidity given by each spoke over a certain circumferential length of the annular rolling strip.
- rolling is also continuous, requires less energy and increases comfort of use.
- To measure the average angle of a ray with the axial direction we will consider the angle made by the straight line connecting the two most axially exterior points, on either side of the circumferential plane passing through the center of the annular band of rolling, of the spoke considered at the level of its connection to the annular rolling strip and located on the neutral fiber of the spoke.
- each ray to make an average angle at least equal to 3° and at most equal to 10° with respect to the transverse direction and of opposite sign to the average angles made with respect to the transverse direction by the two rays adjacent to it.
- the spaces between the two rays have a conical shape.
- a mold in two parts, each bearing a type of conical pattern whose larger bases will be extracted first from the molded object, will provide increased ease of release.
- This deformable casing without air with structural support for a wheelbarrow preferably comprises an inner annular band intended to ensure the maintenance of said deformable casing on a wheelbarrow rim, the annular rolling band having a radial thickness of between 10 mm and 20 mm, the number of spokes connecting the annular rolling strip and the inner annular strip is between 25 and 35 and said spokes have a circumferential thickness of between 5 and 10 mm.
- Such a structure is optimal in terms of the volume of material used and therefore of mass.
- this airless deformable casing with structural support intended to be mounted on a wheelbarrow has, for a force applied on its axis of 70 kg, a variation in diameter of between 10 and 20 mm.
- figure 1 view perpendicular to the axis of rotation of a deformable envelope without air with structural support.
- FIG. 2 view perpendicular to the axis of rotation of a quarter of a deformable airless envelope with structural support illustrating the curvature of the radii 3 of said deformable airless envelope with structural support.
- FIG. 3 view of 3 quarters of 3 consecutive rays (3) of the deformable envelope without air with structural support, forming angles al, a2, a3 with the transverse direction such that a2 has the opposite sign to al and a3.
- Figures 1 and 2 illustrate a structurally supported airless deformable casing 1 or part thereof, comprising an annular rolling strip 2, a plurality of spokes 3 extending transversely and radially inside the annular rolling strip 2 and means 5 for connecting the plurality of spokes 3 with a rim 4 of a rolling object, not shown, these means 5 here being an internal annular strip.
- Figure 1 shows one of the simplest arrangements of the invention with purely radial rays.
- Figure 2 shows on a quarter of the airless deformable envelope with structural support, the curvature of the spokes 3 in the circumferential plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation.
- the spokes are all forced to bend in the same direction, thus avoiding contact between two spokes opposing the flattening of the wheel during rolling.
- Figure 3 illustrates one of the possibilities of the invention where each spoke 3 forms an angle a at least equal to 3° and at most 10° with respect to the transverse direction and of opposite sign to the angles made with respect to the transverse direction by the two rays being adjacent to it, the whole represented on 3 rays.
- This configuration makes it possible, due to the small space between two consecutive spokes 3 and the presence of a spoke 3 over a circumferential length of the annular rolling strip greater than the mere thickness of the spoke, to have good continuity of rigidity. from the deformable envelope without air to structural support all around the wheel giving a great comfort of use.
- Such an object also offers the advantage of being able to be produced in a mold closing by the relative displacement of two parts along the axis of rotation of the deformable envelope without air with structural support, each part bearing generally conical shapes which are very easy to unmold.
- This invention was applied to a wheelbarrow wheel and compared with a pneumatic wheel inflated to 1.25 bar according to the manufacturer's instructions (between 1 and 1.5 bar) and a commercially available rigid PET wheel. These solutions have the same diameter and the same width within 5%. Professional building users refuse to use the rigid wheel because obstacle clearance is too difficult with this solution. The pneumatic wheel remains the benchmark for users despite the risk of punctures.
- the invention has a diameter of 400 mm in diameter.
- the annular rolling strip is 12 mm radially thick and 85 mm transversely wide.
- the means for hanging the structurally supported airless crushable envelope is an inner annular band 200 mm in diameter and 4 mm in radial thickness.
- 30 curved spokes in the circumferential plane connect the two annular bands. They consist according to Figure 2 of two half-spokes forming an angle of 5 ° with the radial direction joining halfway between the two inner annular bands and rolling. They are of variable circumferential thicknesses of 6 to 8 mm. The extra thicknesses of 8 mm located at the junction of the spokes with the annular rolling strip and the inner annular strip and in their middle, bending zones of these spokes.
- the structurally supported airless crushable shell is force-fitted to a flat rim with outer flanges preventing transverse movement of the inner annular band relative to the rim.
- the rays have an angle (al) of 8° with the transverse direction of opposite sign from one ray to the next as shown in figure 3.
- the variation of the crushed radius for 70 kg of load at the axis is 15 mm, identical the tire of the commercial wheelbarrow.
- the wheelbarrow is towed via a cable equipped with a dynamometer at a speed of 1 m per second, the speed of a man walking pushing such a load, or 3.6 km/h.
- the wheelbarrow is loaded with a weight of lOOKg.
- the wheelbarrow With the rigid wheel, the wheelbarrow does not cross the obstacle. With pneumatic tires or structurally supported airless crushable casing wheels, the wheelbarrow overcomes the obstacle. The effort required to overcome the obstacle is reduced by 10 to 20% for the wheel according to the invention compared to the wheel fitted with a tire.
- the invention is therefore indeed a puncture-proof device having the same or better obstacle-clearing capacity than a wheel fitted with a tire for rolling objects pushed or pulled at a speed of less than 25 km/h.
- This solution is also interesting for the idler wheels of vehicles traveling at a speed of less than 25 km/h.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Tires In General (AREA)
- Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
- Pulleys (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2102958A FR3121072B1 (fr) | 2021-03-24 | 2021-03-24 | Enveloppe déformable sans air à support structurel |
| PCT/FR2022/050513 WO2022200723A1 (fr) | 2021-03-24 | 2022-03-21 | Enveloppe deformable sans air a support structurel |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4313623A1 true EP4313623A1 (fr) | 2024-02-07 |
Family
ID=75690573
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP22715131.3A Withdrawn EP4313623A1 (fr) | 2021-03-24 | 2022-03-21 | Enveloppe deformable sans air a support structurel |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4313623A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3121072B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2022200723A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT394827B (de) * | 1985-10-16 | 1992-06-25 | Uniroyal Goodrich Tire Co | Reifen |
| US7013939B2 (en) * | 2001-08-24 | 2006-03-21 | Michelin Recherche Et Technique S.A. | Compliant wheel |
| WO2009016962A1 (fr) * | 2007-07-31 | 2009-02-05 | Toyo Tire & Rubber Co., Ltd. | Pneu non pneumatique et son procédé de fabrication |
| WO2017106704A2 (fr) * | 2015-12-16 | 2017-06-22 | Thompson Ronald H | Système de chenille pour la traction d'un véhicule |
| EP3727881B1 (fr) * | 2017-12-21 | 2024-02-21 | Camso Inc. | Roue équipée d'un pneu non pneumatique |
| JP7324088B2 (ja) * | 2019-08-26 | 2023-08-09 | Toyo Tire株式会社 | 非空気圧タイヤ |
-
2021
- 2021-03-24 FR FR2102958A patent/FR3121072B1/fr active Active
-
2022
- 2022-03-21 WO PCT/FR2022/050513 patent/WO2022200723A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2022-03-21 EP EP22715131.3A patent/EP4313623A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2022200723A1 (fr) | 2022-09-29 |
| FR3121072A1 (fr) | 2022-09-30 |
| FR3121072B1 (fr) | 2024-02-23 |
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