EP4264301A1 - Procédé pour estimer la durée de vie d'un système de stockage d'énergie - Google Patents
Procédé pour estimer la durée de vie d'un système de stockage d'énergieInfo
- Publication number
- EP4264301A1 EP4264301A1 EP21839174.6A EP21839174A EP4264301A1 EP 4264301 A1 EP4264301 A1 EP 4264301A1 EP 21839174 A EP21839174 A EP 21839174A EP 4264301 A1 EP4264301 A1 EP 4264301A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- storage system
- state
- health
- aging
- values
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/367—Software therefor, e.g. for battery testing using modelling or look-up tables
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/3644—Constructional arrangements
- G01R31/3648—Constructional arrangements comprising digital calculation means, e.g. for performing an algorithm
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/378—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC] specially adapted for the type of battery or accumulator
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
- G01R31/3842—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC combining voltage and current measurements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/392—Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/396—Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- TITLE PROCEDURE FOR ESTIMATING THE LIFETIME OF AN ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM
- the technical field of the invention is that of electrochemical energy storage systems.
- the invention relates more particularly to a method for estimating the lifetime of a storage system, in particular to anticipate the maintenance of this system.
- An electrochemical energy storage system comprises one or more batteries capable of storing electrical energy (in a chemical form) and releasing it in due time.
- Stationary storage makes it possible in particular to ensure the balance between production and consumption of electricity on an electrical distribution network, and in particular to compensate for the variability in the production of renewable energies (solar, wind, etc.) . For example, the electricity produced in excess on a very sunny day can be restored in the evening when demand is greater. Stationary storage also contributes to guaranteeing the quality of the electricity distribution network by limiting the fluctuations caused by the intermittency of the production of renewable energies. Finally, stationary storage makes it possible to meet the needs of isolated sites, which are poorly supplied or not supplied by the distribution networks.
- Stationary storage systems are mainly medium- or high-power large-scale storage systems (of the order of several hundred kW to several tens of MW), having high energies (of the order of several hundreds of kWh to several tens of MWh).
- on-board storage systems have a smaller amount of energy (from a few Wh to a few tens of kWh) and lower power (from a few W to a few hundred kW). They are dedicated to applications mobiles. They are mainly used in transport, in particular in electric and rechargeable hybrid vehicles, and in portable electronic devices (telephones, tablets, computers, etc.).
- the batteries of the storage system make it possible to convert the energy of a chemical reaction into electrical energy.
- Lithium batteries have one of the highest energy density and specific energy and therefore represent a preferred technology for many applications.
- the evolution of the performance of the batteries can be monitored thanks to the implementation of indicators such as the state of health or “SOH” (for “State Of Health”). This state of health can be calculated from physical parameters measured directly on the battery.
- SOH state of health
- Empirical aging models are the easiest to use. They are parameterized using a database made up of aging test results. They can take into account both calendar degradation and battery cycling degradation. For each degradation mode, several factors influence the degradation rates. The factors cited most often in the literature are the temperature, the state of charge of the battery or "SOC" (for "State Of Charge” in English), the level of electrical stress (in other words, the electrical current ) and the range of SOC (ASOC).
- Figure 1 is a block diagram of a typical method for estimating the lifetime of a storage system using an empirical aging model.
- Electrochemical cells undergo charge and discharge cycles, at different charge and discharge rates and at different temperatures.
- the parameters of the aging model which depend on these current regimes and on the temperature, are then determined during a step S12 on the basis of these tests, for example by statistical adjustment of the model to the results of the tests.
- the aging of the storage system is simulated during a step S13 using the parameterized model. To perform this simulation, current and voltage electrical stress profiles and a temperature profile are applied.
- the simulation step S13 provides a lifetime projection of the storage system, typically in the form of a decrease in the state of health (SOH) over time.
- SOH state of health
- the service life estimation method according to FIG. 1 is based exclusively on measurements carried out in the laboratory.
- the conditions in which these measurements are taken do not represent the actual operation of the storage system, the conditions of which are by nature random.
- the aging model although representative of an electrochemical cell technology, is therefore not calibrated to faithfully reproduce the behavior of the storage system in real operation.
- the electrical stress profiles and the thermal profile used during the simulation step are general profiles, made up of average values.
- the lifetime projection obtained using this method is approximate, which prevents in particular from planning the maintenance of the storage system in a detailed manner and/or from optimizing the use of the system. storage to prolong its life.
- this need tends to be satisfied by providing a method for estimating a lifetime of an energy storage system comprising a plurality of electrochemical cells, said method comprising the following steps: a) define an aging model of the storage system; b) collecting first values of a state of health, values of a state of charge and operation data of the storage system during use of the storage system, the storage system being subjected to conditions in use, the operation data comprising current, temperature and voltage values; c) updating parameters of the aging model according to the first values of the state of health, the values of the state of charge and the operation data; d) determining a thermal profile and electrical stress profiles under conditions of use from the operation data; e) simulate the aging of the storage system using the updated parameters of the aging model, the predetermined thermal and electrical stress profiles, and the thermal and electrical stress profiles under conditions of use, from which a duration projection results life of the storage system.
- the estimation method further comprises, before the step of updating the parameters of the aging model, the following steps: collecting test data from a characterization test of the storage system; determine a second storage system health value from the test data; and correcting the first health state values according to the second health state value.
- the step of defining the aging model comprises the selection of an aging model and the determination of the parameters of the aging model selected from the results of aging tests.
- the results of aging tests can come from aging tests carried out on the scale of an electrochemical cell and/or from aging tests carried out on the scale of a module comprising several interconnected electrochemical cells.
- the step of updating the parameters of the aging model comprises the following sub-steps: dividing an operating duration of the storage system into time slices and determining average operating conditions over each time slot from the operating data and the state of charge values; calculating for each time slice a state-of-health error at the end of the time-slice, said state-of-health error being equal to the absolute value of the difference between the first value of the state-of-health and a health value simulated using the operation data on the time slice and the aging model to be updated; comparing the state of health error of each time slice to a threshold value; and when the state-of-health error of at least one time slot is greater than the threshold value, the following sub-steps: modifying aging test results with regard to the first state-of-health values and time slice operation data; and determining aging model parameter values from the modified aging test results.
- the sub-step of modifying the results of aging tests comprises the following operations: for each time slot, identifying among the results of aging tests results of so-called neighboring tests carried out at test conditions close to the average operating conditions of said time slot; identifying for each of the neighboring test results a time window having a duration equal to that of the time slice and starting at a time when the test result reaches the first health state value at the start of the time slice; determining for each of the neighboring test results a health status value at the end of the time window; weighting for each time slice the health state values at the end of the time windows to obtain an experimental health state value at the end of the time slice; calculating a transfer function between the experimental values of state of health at the end of the time slice and the first values of state of health at the end of the time slice; apply the transfer function to the results of aging tests.
- the transfer function is preferably a polynomial function.
- the step of updating the parameters of the aging model comprises the following sub-steps: dividing an operation duration of the storage system into time slices; calculating for each time slice a state-of-health error at the end of the time-slice, said state-of-health error being equal to the absolute value of the difference between the first value of the state-of-health and a state value simulated health using the operation data on the time slice and the aging model to be updated; compare the state-of-health error of each time slice to a threshold value; and when the state of health error of at least one time slice is greater than the threshold value, the following sub-step: modifying the values of the parameters of the aging model until the error d health of each time slice is less than the threshold value.
- the time slots can be of identical duration.
- the time slots are of variable duration and determined so that the operation data are substantially identical on the same time slot and different between the time slots.
- steps b) to e) are repeated several times when using the storage system.
- the predetermined electrical and thermal stress profiles are advantageously replaced by the electrical and thermal stress profiles under conditions of use as the operation data is collected.
- the estimation method according to the first aspect of the invention may also have one or more of the characteristics below, considered individually or according to all technically possible combinations: the storage system is stationary; the storage system is a battery storage system (BESS); the storage system includes a lithium battery.
- BESS battery storage system
- a second aspect of the invention relates to a data processing device comprising means for implementing an estimation method according to the first aspect of the invention.
- a third aspect of the invention relates to a computer program product comprising instructions which, when the program is executed by a computer, lead the latter to implement an estimation method according to the first aspect of the 'invention.
- a fourth aspect of the invention relates to a computer-readable data carrier, on which the computer program product according to the third aspect of the invention is recorded.
- FIG. 1 previously described, schematically represents a method for estimating the lifetime of a storage system according to the prior art
- FIG. 2 schematically represents the steps of a method for estimating the lifetime of a storage system by means of an aging model, according to a first embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 3 schematically represents the steps of a method for estimating the lifetime of a storage system by means of an aging model, according to a second embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 4 schematically represents a preferred mode of implementation of the step of recalibrating the aging model.
- FIG. 5 schematically represents a sub-step of the recalibration of the aging model, comprising the division of an operation duration into time slices.
- FIG. 6 schematically represents another sub-step of the recalibration of the aging model, including the modification of aging test results.
- FIG. 7 schematically represents an operation of the test results modification sub-step according to figure 6.
- Figure 2 is a block diagram (or block diagram) of a method for estimating the lifetime of an energy storage system, according to a first mode of implementation of the invention .
- the energy storage system can be an on-board storage system or a stationary storage system. It comprises a plurality of electrochemical cells (also called electrochemical accumulators) connected in series and/or in parallel to form one or more batteries.
- the electrochemical cells are preferably of the same type, for example lithium accumulators (and belonging to the same variant of lithium accumulators: lithium-metal, lithium-ion, lithium polymer, lithium-ion-polymer, etc. ).
- the storage system can be used to supply energy to an electric or hybrid transport vehicle (on-board system), to absorb the surplus electricity production within a photovoltaic power plant (system stationary) or to supply an isolated site (stationary system).
- BESS Battery Energy Storage System
- a BESS is a large-scale stationary storage system generally coupled to a renewable energy production unit (solar, wind, etc.).
- the system includes several battery sections, each battery section comprising battery assemblies called “racks", each rack comprising a plurality of modules connected to each other, themselves made up of cells assembled in series and in parallel.
- the storage system When in use, the storage system (whether stationary or onboard) is subject to the constraints of a so-called “terrain” environment and to conditions of use.
- the constraints of the field environment are for example the presence of connection elements and protection elements between the electrochemical cells, between the different batteries of a rack, between the different racks of a section of batteries (in the case of a BESS) ..., the presence of a casing around the electrochemical cells of each battery, and the presence of electronic systems such as the BMS (“Battery Management System”) and the EMS (“Energy Management System”).
- BMS Battery Management System
- EMS Electronic System
- the conditions of use are defined by various parameters such as the charging and discharging regimes to which the electrochemical cells are subjected, the cycling and rest phases of the electrochemical cells and the temperature surrounding the electrochemical cells. These conditions of use may be different between the batteries that make up the storage system, or even (in terms of temperature) between the electrochemical cells of the same battery.
- cycling phases refers to the phases during which the electrochemical cells of the storage system undergo charge and discharge cycles, that is to say the phases during which the storage system is used. In this case, the storage system is said to be "in cycled mode”.
- resting phases refers to the phases during which the electrochemical cells of the storage system are not called upon. In this case, the storage system is said to be “in calendar mode”.
- the storage system is advantageously equipped with at least one electronic management system, commonly called “BMS” for "Battery Management System” in English.
- the electronic management system makes it possible to control the operation of the storage system, in particular by regulating the load and discharge.
- a storage system can include several electronic management systems.
- a BESS can have one BMS per module and one BMS per rack.
- the electronic management system is also configured to collect storage system operation data and to calculate indicators, such as the state of health (SOH) and the state of charge (SOC) of the storage system. , from the operation data.
- the operating data are preferably current I(t), temperature (T(t)) and voltage (U(t)) values measured over time (t) at the batteries.
- the indicators are preferably calculated by a microprocessor belonging to the electronic management system.
- the collected and calculated data are preferably stored in a database in communication with the microprocessor of the electronic management system.
- the database can be integrated into the electronic management system or, on the contrary, be separated from it.
- the estimation of the lifetime of the storage system using the method according to the invention is based on the use of an empirical aging model.
- this aging model also called “state of health evolution model” takes into account both the calendar degradation and the cycling degradation of the storage system.
- the state of health is expressed as a percentage and corresponds to the ratio between the maximum discharge capacity Qmax and the initial capacity Qo of the storage system.
- the maximum discharge capacity Qmax represents the quantity of electrical energy that the storage system can supply when it is fully charged, at a given moment in the life of the system.
- the initial capacity Qo is the initial discharge capacity of the storage system, that is to say when the storage system is new. It can be measured or equated to the rated capacity specified by the storage system manufacturer. The closer the discharge capacity Qmax is to the initial capacity Qo of the storage system, the better its state of health. The state of health is therefore representative of an irreversible loss of autonomy of the storage system.
- the state of health is linked to the losses of dQioss capacity in the following way:
- the capacity losses dQioss are defined as the sum of the capacity losses at rest and those in cycling:
- the term represents the capacity losses during the phases of rest (function of time t); the term represents the capacity losses during the phases cycling (depending on the quantity Qth of Ah accumulated during successive discharges).
- Qioss is the capacity lost by the storage system, expressed in ampere-hours (Ah);
- Jcai is a first factor for accelerating the aging of the storage system in calendar mode, called “rate of degradation in calendar mode” and expressed in Ah. sec 1 ;
- Jcyc is a first factor of acceleration of the aging of the storage system in cycled mode, called “rate of degradation in cycled mode” and expressed in Ah. Ah -1 ;
- Acyc is a second factor for accelerating storage system aging in cycled mode.
- the Jcai and Acai parameters depend on the state of charge (SOC) and the temperature T at rest, while the Jcyc and Acyc parameters depend on the SOC and the current and temperature conditions during cycling, in other words discharge current ID, charge current le, discharge temperature TD and charge temperature Te.
- the estimation method includes steps S21 to S25 leading to a projection of the lifetime of the storage system.
- a lifetime projection can be represented by a decrease in SOH or storage system capacity as a function of time in the future. Such a lifetime projection makes it possible to anticipate the end of life of the storage system, to program one or more storage system maintenance actions and to modify the management rules of the storage system in order to extend its lifetime. (and therefore improve its economic profitability).
- One or more SOH (or capacity) thresholds called maintenance thresholds, can be defined to determine at which instants in the life of the system the maintenance actions will be performed.
- an end-of-life threshold can be set to determine when the storage system should be replaced. A maintenance action or the replacement of the system is undertaken at the moment when the SOH (or the capacity) reaches the considered threshold, according to the lifetime projection.
- Steps S21 to S25 are preferably coded in the form of a program and implemented by a computer (by executing the program).
- the step S21 of the estimation method consists in defining the aging model which will be used to estimate the lifetime.
- step S21 for defining the aging model comprises the selection of an aging model (whose parameters are unknown) and the determination of the parameters of the selected aging model (by example the terms Jcai, Jcyc, Acai and A cyc in the previous model example) from test results.
- the test results come from aging tests (also called “endurance tests”) carried out in the laboratory (typically in a climatic chamber) on the scale of an electrochemical cell and/or a module comprising several interconnected electrochemical cells. These aging tests consist in aging, individually or in modules, a multitude of electrochemical cells of the same type as those of the storage system, at different charge and discharge currents and at different temperatures, the electrochemical cells having different target SOCs ( at the end of discharge and at the end of charge). Typically, each aging test corresponds to a charging current value Ie, a discharging current value ID, a temperature value T and a target SOC value.
- These aging test results include data representative of the evolution of the SOH or of the capacity of the cell (or of the module, depending on the type of test) as a function of time.
- the parameters of the model can be determined for the first time in a conventional way, for example by statistical adjustment of the model to the test results.
- the step S21 for defining the aging model consists of selecting a generic aging model that has already been configured.
- step S22 data is collected during the use of the storage system.
- the electrochemical cells of the storage system are subject to conditions of use which can be very different from laboratory conditions. These conditions of use correspond to the actual operation of the storage system (placed in its field environment).
- the data collected is the storage system operation data, namely the current I(t), the voltage U(t) and the temperature T(t), as well as the first values of the SOH and that of storage system SOC values.
- the first values of the SOH and the values of the SOC are so-called “field” values, since they are collected when the system is in use (in other words in its field environment). They are denoted respectively SOHBMs(t) and SOCBMs(t) in Figure 2.
- the data collected is preferably that supplied by the electronic management system of the storage system (and recorded in the database).
- the data is advantageously collected opportunistically during the actual operation of the storage system, during a charge or a discharge (partial or total).
- the data can be acquired when the conditions necessary for obtaining them are met.
- the step S23 of the estimation method is a recalibration step (also called “recalibration”) of the aging model.
- the parameters of the aging model are updated according to the field values of SOH (SOHBMS(I)), the field values of SOC (SOCBMS(I)) and the operation data (l(t) , U(t), T(t)) collected during step S22.
- the updated values of the model parameters are denoted Jcai', Jcyc', Acai' and Acyc' in Figure 2.
- the updating of the parameters of the model can be accomplished by also considering the results of laboratory tests, noted SOH (le, ID, T, SOC) (le, ID, T and SOC being the laboratory conditions under which the tests are carried out).
- the updating step S23 can be performed at each new data item collected during the collection step S22 (for example at each new value of SOH) or be repeated at a predetermined updating frequency, for example every months, quarters or semesters.
- the aging model previously static because established once and for all on the basis of an aging test campaign, becomes quasi-dynamic (or evolving).
- the estimation method is remarkable in that the operation data are also used to determine, during a step S24, profiles (or scenarios) of electrical stress lop(t) and Uo P (t ) (current and voltage demand respectively) and a thermal profile T op (t) under conditions of use.
- the electrical stress profiles l op (t) and U op (t) consist of current or voltage values (charging and/or discharging) distributed over time, while the thermal profile Top(t) consists of temperature values distributed over time. All of these values belong to the operation data collected in step S22.
- the step S24 for determining the profiles in conditions of use lop(t), Uop(t) and Top(t) preferably comprises operations of filtering (to discard the inconsistent values) and of concatenation of the data d 'operation.
- step S25 the aging of the storage system is simulated using the aging model using the parameters updated during step S23.
- This simulation is accomplished by feeding the model with predetermined electrical and thermal stress profiles lgen(t), Ugen(t) and T ge n(t) on the one hand, and the profiles in use conditions lop(t) , Uop(t) and T op (t) determined in step S24 on the other hand.
- the profiles in conditions of use lop(t), Uop(t) and T op (t) represent a history of the use of the storage system.
- the collection step S22, the recalibration step S23, the step S24 for determining the profiles under conditions of use and the simulation step S25 are advantageously repeated several times during the use of the system. of storage.
- step S22 data collection can be performed continuously.
- the profiles in use conditions lop(t), Uop(t) and T op (t) are preferably constructed (during step S24) and used in simulation (during step S25) as measurement of operation data collection.
- an aging simulation can only be performed with the electrical and thermal stress profiles lgen(t), Ugen(t) and Tgen( t) predetermined.
- these predetermined profiles are progressively replaced by the electrical and thermal stress profiles under conditions of use l op (t), U op (t) and T op (t) (in other words, the operating data gradually replace the average values).
- the more operation data collected the greater the usage history of the storage system and the greater the share of operation data in the simulation profiles.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a method for estimating the lifetime of an energy storage system, according to a second embodiment of the invention.
- the estimation method comprises: a step S31 of collecting test data, these test data coming from a characterization test the storage system; a step S32 for determining, from the test data, a second value of the SOH, called test and denoted SOHtest in FIG. 3; and a step S33 of correcting at least part of the field values of the state of health SOHBMs(t) as a function of the test value SOHtest.
- the storage system characterization test also called standardized test or "check-up" is a test carried out in the field which interrupts the use of the storage system. For this reason, it is carried out very punctually, for example every 3 months. The collection of test data therefore takes place at a much lower frequency than that of operation data. Its main purpose is to detect a drift in the measurement of transaction data by the electronic management system (“continuous” measurement during use).
- This test preferably includes a full charge followed by a full discharge. It can include up to 3 complete charge and discharge cycles, the values retained being those of the last cycle.
- test data collected during step S31 are of the same type as the operation data, namely values of the current I, of the voltage U and of the temperature T of the storage system (in charge and in discharge). They are denoted Itest, Utest and Ttest respectively.
- the SOHtest test value of the state of health can be determined in step S32 by various calculation methods known to those skilled in the art and similar to those implemented in battery management systems (BMS ).
- BMS battery management systems
- advanced calculation methods are described in documents EP3080624 and EP3080625. These methods are advantageous because they allow the phase-free SOH to be determined from full-charge and full-discharge cycles.
- the correction step S33 can also be seen as a step for determining a so-called real state of health, denoted SOHreai(t), the values of which (field values, possibly corrected) are assumed to be exact. It preferably includes an interpolation operation (linear or quadratic) between the field values SOHBMs(t) and the test value SOHtest.
- the test value SOHtest is a precise value of SOH. Correcting all or part of the SOHBMs(t) field values using the SOHtest test value improves the accuracy of the SOH values used to recalibrate the aging model. This correction compensates for the error in the SOH calculated by the electronic management system, due to measurement drift. The parameters of the aging model are then updated even more precisely and the reliability of the lifetime projection obtained by simulation is maximized.
- FIG. 4 illustrates a preferred mode of implementation of the recalibration step S23 of the aging model.
- the recalibration step S23 firstly comprises a sub-step S41 which can be broken down into two operations, performed successively or simultaneously: the division of an operation duration of the storage system into N time slots, N being a natural integer greater than or equal to 2; and determining average operating conditions over each time slice from the operating data (l(t), U(t) and T(t)) and the field values of SOC (SOCBMS(I)).
- the duration of operation corresponds to a period during which the storage system has been used normally and for which we have field values of SOH (SOHBMS(I)), possibly corrected (SOHréei(t)), values SOC terrain (SOCBMs(t)) and operation data (l(t), U(t), T(t)).
- the average operating conditions on each slice include an average value of the charging current Icmay(i), an average value of the discharging current iDmoy(i), an average value of the temperature Tmoy(i) and a value d SOCavg(i) state of charge. It is also possible to distinguish between an average temperature value on charge and an average temperature value on discharge.
- the time slices are of variable duration and determined so that the operation data and the field values of SOC are substantially identical on the same slice and different between the time slices.
- a homogeneity of the operating data, and in particular of the charging current (le), of the discharging current (ID) and of the temperature (T), and a homogeneity of the field values of SOC on each time slice are sought during the slicing.
- the different time slices are indexed by means of an index i, i being a natural integer varying from 1 to N.
- the instant t at which the slice of index i begins is denoted “ti -i >> and the instant t at which the slice of index i ends is denoted “ti”.
- the sub-step S41 for cutting into time slices and determining the average operating conditions comprises the following operations:
- Cgr(O) ⁇ lcmavg(0), lDavg(0), Tavg(0) SOCavg(O) ⁇ .
- 552 define a minimum slice duration Ttr and a slice duration increment step Ptr; for each slice of index i (i varying from 1 to N): 553: initialize the slice end time ti as being the sum of the slice start time ti-i and the minimum slice duration Ttr (to being the start time of the operation duration);
- the duration of the operation is divided into time slots of identical duration, in particular to take into account a certain “seasonality” of the operation.
- an operation duration of one year can be divided into 4 slices of 3 months, each slice corresponding to a season of the year.
- Centered distributions of operating conditions can be determined for each time slice during sub-step S31.
- Each distribution is characterized by a standard deviation value associated with the average operating condition (lcmavg(i), iDavg(i), Tavg(i) or SOCavg(i) depending on the distribution).
- the recalibration step S23 then comprises a sub-step S42 consisting in calculating, for each time slice, a state of health error Eson(ti) at the end of the time slice.
- the state of health error EsoH(ti) is equal to the absolute value of the difference between the field value of SOH at the time of the end of the slice ti (SOHBMs(ti) or SOHréei(ti) according to the mode of implementation; see Figs.2-3) and a simulated state of health value SOHsim(ti) at the time of end of slice ti.
- Eson(ti) ⁇ OH BMS (ti) — SOH sim (ti ⁇
- the simulated state of health value SOHsim(ti) is obtained by simulation using the operation data on the time slice and the aging model that it is sought to recalibrate (represented by the parameters Jcai, Jcyc , Acai and Acyc when it is the first iteration of the recalibration step S23, otherwise by the parameters Jcai', Jcyc', Acai' and Acyc' previously updated).
- the recalibration step S23 then comprises (cf. FIG. 4): a sub-step S44 for modifying the SOH aging test results (le, ID, T, SOC), according to the field values d the state of health SOHBMs(t)/SOHréei(ti) and average operating conditions over the time slices; and a so-called sub-step S45 of relearning the parameters of the model, consisting in determining new values of parameters from the results of modified aging tests SOH′ (le, ID, T, SOC).
- FIG. 6 represents an example of implementation of sub-step S44 for modifying the results of SOH aging tests (le, ID, T, SOC).
- Slot i is characterized by an average value of the charging current Icmay(i), an average value of the discharging current iDmoy(i), an average value of the temperature Tmoy(i) and an average value of the state of SOCavg(i) load. For each of these 4 average operating conditions, the 2 test results whose test conditions are closest are identified. 16 test results are then obtained (ie revolution of SOH for 16 sets of test conditions) which frame the center of gravity of the wafer C gr (i).
- a time window is identified for each of the neighboring test results SOH[i,j] having a duration Di equal to that of the time slice (of index i) and starting at a time td [i, j] at which the test result reaches the field value SOHBMs(ti-i) (or SOHréei(ti-i)), i.e. the field value of SOH at the start time ti-i of the time slice.
- the different SOH test values of each time slot are then weighted during an operation S64 to obtain a single SOH value at the end of the time slot, this value being qualified as experimental and denoted SOHexp(ti) .
- This experimental value of SOH can be compared to the field value of SOH at the end of the time slice, SOHBMS (ti), in order to determine to what extent the results of neighboring tests are representative of the aging actually observed in the field.
- coefficients are preferably applied which, when applied to neighboring test conditions, make it possible to obtain the average conditions operation of the time slice.
- a transfer function is calculated between the N experimental values of state of health SOHexp(ti) and the N field values of state of health SOHBMs(ti).
- the transfer function is preferably a polynomial function.
- the sub-step S45 of relearning the parameters of the model, from the modified test results SOH' can be accomplished in the same way. way as the initial determination of the parameters of the model from the results of initial tests SOH (le, ID, T, SOC) (step S21), for example by statistical adjustment.
- the preferred mode of implementation of the recalibration step S23 represented by FIG. 4 can be implemented easily and executed quickly. It significantly improves the accuracy of the aging model and the resulting lifetime projections. In particular, the division of the duration of operation into time slices increases the probability of triggering a modification of the parameters of the model.
- the values of the parameters of the model can be modified so that the error of state of health Eson(ti) of each time slice is less than the threshold value Eth.
- This variant is equivalent to solving an optimization problem. Optimization software, implementing non-linear mathematical methods, can be used for this purpose.
- An additional objective of the optimization may be to minimize the variation of the parameters of the model compared to the previous values.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2013794A FR3118310B1 (fr) | 2020-12-21 | 2020-12-21 | Procédé pour estimer la durée de vie d’un système de stockage d’énergie |
| PCT/EP2021/086150 WO2022136098A1 (fr) | 2020-12-21 | 2021-12-16 | Procédé pour estimer la durée de vie d'un système de stockage d'énergie |
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| EP4264301A1 true EP4264301A1 (fr) | 2023-10-25 |
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| EP21839174.6A Pending EP4264301A1 (fr) | 2020-12-21 | 2021-12-16 | Procédé pour estimer la durée de vie d'un système de stockage d'énergie |
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| Country | Link |
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| EP (1) | EP4264301A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3118310B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2022136098A1 (fr) |
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| CN115291116B (zh) * | 2022-10-10 | 2022-12-16 | 深圳先进技术研究院 | 储能电池健康状态预测方法、装置及智能终端 |
| FR3143765B1 (fr) * | 2022-12-14 | 2024-12-20 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Procédé et dispositif de détermination d’un profil de sollicitation représentatif de l’usage futur d’une batterie pour une application donnée |
| FR3144305B1 (fr) * | 2022-12-23 | 2024-11-29 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Prédiction de l’état de santé d’un accumulateur d’énergie électrique |
| CN116466168B (zh) * | 2023-04-24 | 2023-11-24 | 江苏新博能源科技有限公司 | 一种基于云计算的新能源管理平台异常监测系统及方法 |
| CN116840699B (zh) * | 2023-08-30 | 2023-11-17 | 上海泰矽微电子有限公司 | 一种电池健康状态估算方法、装置、电子设备和介质 |
| CN117310537A (zh) * | 2023-10-18 | 2023-12-29 | 南方电网调峰调频(广东)储能科技有限公司 | 储能系统健康评估与优化方法及系统 |
| CN117590268B (zh) * | 2023-11-23 | 2024-11-19 | 国网青海省电力公司清洁能源发展研究院 | 电池储能系统状态评估方法 |
| CN117406125B (zh) * | 2023-12-15 | 2024-02-23 | 山东派蒙机电技术有限公司 | 电池健康状态确认方法、装置、设备及存储介质 |
| CN119147870B (zh) * | 2024-11-11 | 2025-03-25 | 合肥召洋电子科技有限公司 | 光伏储能逆变器寿命测试与评估系统 |
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| US20140232411A1 (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2014-08-21 | KPIT Cummins Infosytems Ltd | System and method for battery monitoring |
| FR3009093B1 (fr) * | 2013-07-29 | 2017-01-13 | Renault Sa | Estimation de l'etat de vieillissement d'une batterie electrique |
| FR3015046B1 (fr) | 2013-12-12 | 2016-12-09 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Procede d'estimation de l'etat de sante d'une batterie |
| FR3015047B1 (fr) | 2013-12-12 | 2016-12-23 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Procede d'estimation de l'etat de sante d'une batterie |
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| FR3118310A1 (fr) | 2022-06-24 |
| WO2022136098A1 (fr) | 2022-06-30 |
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