EP4233164A1 - Dispositif de gestion de courant a trois fils - Google Patents
Dispositif de gestion de courant a trois filsInfo
- Publication number
- EP4233164A1 EP4233164A1 EP21794844.7A EP21794844A EP4233164A1 EP 4233164 A1 EP4233164 A1 EP 4233164A1 EP 21794844 A EP21794844 A EP 21794844A EP 4233164 A1 EP4233164 A1 EP 4233164A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- current
- decision unit
- management device
- control
- unit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
- H02M1/083—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters for the ignition at the zero crossing of the voltage or the current
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/36—Means for starting or stopping converters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M5/00—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
- H02M5/02—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into DC
- H02M5/04—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into DC by static converters
- H02M5/22—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into DC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M5/25—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into DC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means
- H02M5/257—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into DC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means using semiconductor devices only
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H05B45/30—Driver circuits
- H05B45/357—Driver circuits specially adapted for retrofit LED light sources
- H05B45/3574—Emulating the electrical or functional characteristics of incandescent lamps
- H05B45/3575—Emulating the electrical or functional characteristics of incandescent lamps by means of dummy loads or bleeder circuits, e.g. for dimmers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H05B45/50—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED] responsive to malfunctions or undesirable behaviour of LEDs; responsive to LED life; Protective circuits
- H05B45/59—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED] responsive to malfunctions or undesirable behaviour of LEDs; responsive to LED life; Protective circuits for reducing or suppressing flicker or glow effects
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
- H02M1/0006—Arrangements for supplying an adequate voltage to the control circuit of converters
Definitions
- TITLE THREE-WIRE CURRENT MANAGEMENT DEVICE
- the technical field of the invention is that of load controls, and in particular for adapting different types of actuators to different types of load.
- the present invention relates to a current management device for adapting different types of actuators, whether mechanical or electronic, to different types of load, whether resistive or electronic, of the light-emitting diode light source type called LED.
- the LED lamps may have flickering and/or flashing which occurs each time a current is drawn by a dimmer.
- Many conventional LED lamps therefore cannot be dimmed with conventional dimmers or dimmers (i.e. a conventional dimmer does not cause any dimming effect - the LED remains at the same intensity and then switches off at a certain moment simply - or causes the LED to flash visibly at naked eye).
- LED light sources and other light sources
- LED light sources are often specifically modified to allow them to accept a power signal from a conventional dimmer, such as a triac dimmer or a rheostat dimmer, for example.
- This approach requires the light source driver to be modified to accept the attenuated signal, illuminate the light source, and dim the light source in response to the attenuated signal.
- compensators mounted in parallel with the load consisting of a series circuit consisting of a resistor and a capacitor for contactor-type load and certain ferromagnetic transformers which are mounted downstream to supply a load to avoid flickering. and absorb the current peak at the time of each switching. In fact, these types of loads generate an overvoltage during the switching phase of the switch. However, these compensators heat up and are not suitable for all loads, for example for electronic loads (eg LED type).
- compensators mounted in parallel with the load consisting of several passive components and semiconductors which operate in the two variation modes (inductive and capacitive) for electronic loads (for example LED type).
- the invention offers a solution to at least one of the problems mentioned above, by making it possible to add a three-wire current management device between, on the one hand, the actuator and the load and, on the other hand, in parallel to load.
- the actuator can be a mechanical, two-wire or three-wire electronic switch and the load can be resistive or electronic.
- the management device of the invention makes it possible to adapt the current which flows from the actuator to the load. When the actuator setpoint is to operate the load, the management system switches this current when the mains voltage crosses zero to avoid inrush currents.
- the management device also allows current to be diverted so as not to switch on the load when the control of the two-wire actuator includes a consumption unit and in off mode.
- One aspect of the invention therefore relates to a three-wire current management device comprising: an AC/DC rectifier comprising a bridge rectifier circuit comprising: a first input connected to a first terminal intended to be connected to a cut phase section of a first phase or directly to the first phase, a second terminal configured to be connected to a second phase connected to a load, a rectified output deriving a current and a return, an attenuation unit, connected between the rectified output and the return to supply it, comprising a circuit for detecting the passage through zero of the mains, a switching unit for supplying the load, comprising a switch between the first terminal and a third terminal intended to be connected to the other terminal of the load for connecting the first terminal to the load in a closed state and disconnecting it in an open state, a decision unit, comprising a control output connected to the switching unit to command the switch to the closed state at a next zero crossing of the mains, the closing command being transmitted to the switching unit at a calculation time e by the decision unit which
- the AC/DC rectifier is therefore configured to be connected to the load phase and to the phase cut off by the upstream actuator.
- the management device can be connected between the phase cut by an actuator and the other phase connected to the load.
- Such an assembly can therefore be carried out at the location of the load and therefore makes it possible to adapt an actuator in series with the device and with any load, without having the need to add a cable to obtain the phase. upstream of the actuator.
- the attenuation unit makes it possible to transmit the sector zero crossing information to enable the decision unit to calculate the next sector zero crossing and thus calculate the instant of decision of the control of the switch to start supplying the load when the mains crosses zero, for example knowing the frequency (which can be predetermined or calculated on commissioning), once the first zero crossing has been detected, the decision unit can calculate the next zero crossing of the sector and thus control the switch so that closing is performed at the beginning of sector zero.
- the rectifier makes it possible to reduce consumption, and the fact that it is a circuit makes it possible to be faster than a system performing this function by a microcontroller which monitors the zero crossing, in fact, the delay by monitoring a microcontroller (decision unit) on the zero crossing is at least one half cycle and is more expensive.
- the switching circuit therefore makes it possible, in a closed state, to connect the cut phase section of the first phase to the load by means of a switch controlled by the decision unit.
- This phase can therefore be cut by a mechanical switch upstream when it opens and then be closed when the peak voltage passes without having an electric arc due to the switch in the open state and then connect the phase (in full wave) to the load at the beginning of the zero crossing of the sector by the switch controlled by the decision unit.
- the decision unit therefore makes it possible to control the switch for supplying the load by starting at a time when the sector crosses zero, calculated according to the signal received from the mechanical or electronic switch.
- the management device also derives a current for its power supply, thus making it possible to operate until the switch is closed, as well as a consumption unit of the actuator deriving a leakage current with respect to to its electronic or mechanical switch without flickering the load.
- the management device can thus be adapted to a mechanical switch and an inductive or capacitive electronic switch.
- the current management device therefore makes it possible on the one hand to avoid a current peak thanks to a power supply at the zero crossing of the sector, and on the other hand the management device makes it possible to derive a leakage current between the instant of closing of the switch of the actuator and the instant of closing of the switch at the beginning of the passage through zero of the mains by its power supply, thus making it possible to reduce the flickering of the load by deriving this current from leak .
- the management device may have one or more additional characteristics among the following, considered individually or according to all technically possible combinations:
- the management device can be adapted to a mechanical switch and an electronic switch in inductive switching mode by detecting the passage through sector zero at each falling edge.
- the management device can be adapted to a mechanical switch and an electronic switch in capacitive switching mode detecting the passage by account of sector zero at each rising edge.
- the management device can be adapted to a mechanical switch and an electronic switch without phase cutting detecting the passage by counting zero sector.
- the decision unit is configured to detect and distinguish a load power supply signal from a leakage current signal for the component power supply of the actuator and for, in the case from a load power signal, control the switch in the closed state to let the current pass full wave or cut wave at the next zero crossing of the mains to avoid a current peak.
- the decision unit can thus control the switch to the closed state to let the current pass full wave or cut wave at the next zero crossing of the mains to avoid a current peak.
- the management device makes it possible to derive the leakage current at least in part by its power supply and thus make it possible to derive this leakage current from an upstream switch.
- Such a management device makes it possible to adapt to any type of actuator and thus to avoid closing its switch in the event of an actuator having a leakage current when its mechanical or electronic (static) switch is in the off state.
- the decision unit is configured to compare the peak value of the signal from the sector zero crossing detection circuit of the attenuation unit, with a predetermined threshold value to detect a closing of the switch of the upstream actuator, when the value is above the predetermined threshold value and a leakage current of a consumption unit of the actuator in a cut-off state when the peak value of the signal is lower than the threshold value and in that the decision unit transmits a command to the switching unit to close the switch at the time calculated according to the zero crossing only if a switch closing of the actuator is detected.
- the attenuation unit of the device comprises a circuit for reducing the form of the signal of the rectified output having at output a signal of reduced form connected to the decision unit and in that the decision unit controls the closing of the switch of the switching unit according to the reduced form signal.
- the decision unit is configured from a reduced form signal to distinguish a closing of the switch of the actuator upstream, from a leakage current of a consumer unit of the actuator in a cut state and in that the decision unit transmits a command to the closing switching unit of the switch at the instant calculated according to the zero crossing only if a closing of actuator switch is detected.
- the decision unit can be configured from this reduced form signal to identify the setpoint upstream of the actuator between a wave cut by a drive or a full wave of a mechanical switch or a full-wave control dimmer and thus allow the management device when the setpoint of the switch is to vary the leakage current of the management device to avoid luminous flickering of the load.
- the decision unit comprises a shunt current control output to adapt a shunt current between the first and the second terminal and in that the decision unit is configured to control by this control output a derivative current as a function of the reduced form signal, a derivative limiting current.
- This limiting current can make it possible to reduce the flickering of the luminous flux of the load by adapting the leakage current of the management device to reduce the flickering of the luminous flux of the load
- the leakage current of the management device is therefore a function of the power supply of the management device and of a limiting current derived to adapt either to a leakage current of the actuator or to a wave command disconnected from the drive.
- the control output of the decision unit can be a command from one of its consumer units such as a communication unit or a branch circuit or even an electronic switch of the power supply unit.
- the decision unit is configured to control a variation of the limitation of the derivative limitation current as a function of the reduced form signal
- the decision unit is configured to determine whether the signal across the power supply terminals (between the first and the second terminal) is in a capacitive or inductive mode or cut off or full wave by the power supply signal. reduced form received from the signal form reduction circuit.
- the decision unit is configured to determine whether the signal at the terminals of the power supply is a control signal from an actuator to supply the load or a leakage current signal from the actuator. For example, the decision unit is configured to calculate an rms voltage of the signal across the power supply on a half alternation. For example the calculation may be by a comparison of a calculated rms voltage of the reduced form signal to a predetermined value, if the rms voltage is above the predetermined value, the signal across the power supply is determined as a power supply to the load and if the rms voltage is below or equal to the predetermined value, the signal across the power supply terminals is determined as a leakage current. In the case of a signal at the terminals of the power supply determined as a determined leakage current, the switch remains open or is controlled from the closed state to the open state.
- the decision unit is configured to control the switch after a period of at least half a period relative to the start time of the reduced signal received from the signal reduction circuit.
- the half period corresponds to the time between two zero crossings of the sector called zero sectors, the decision unit needing at least one zero crossing of the sector, to calculate each other instant of the next zero crossing of the sector in order to calculate switch control time.
- the decision unit can either be parameterized according to a mains frequency, for example 50 Hz, or be parameterized by calculating the time between two zero crossings of the mains during the first use, by supplying it with full wave by example and thus adapt to different sector frequencies, 50Hertz or 60Hertz for example.
- the reduced form signal received at the decision unit has a maximum peak voltage less than or equal to the power supply voltage of the decision unit. This makes it possible to adapt the signal for the decision unit.
- the decision unit can control the variation of the derived current as a function of the reduced form signal received. This makes it possible to adapt the current derived from the management device to the load to reduce flickering phenomena according to the power supply signal received by the actuator.
- the decision unit is configured to control a current branch circuit. This makes it possible to have a command to adapt the leakage current to reduce the flickering phenomena according to the signal received by the actuator.
- the decision unit is configured to control the diversion of a current according to a first effective limitation value less than 200 milliamps, in particular between 20mA and 100mA, by the bypass circuit for a first predetermined time less than 10ms.
- the decision unit is configured to control the diversion of a current according to a second effective limitation value by a bypass circuit for a second predetermined time, the second effective limitation value having a value d effective amperage less than that of the first effective limiting value.
- the first value is between 50 and 80mA and the second value is between 20mA and 40mA.
- the decision unit is configured to control the diversion of the current according to the first or the second effective limitation value by the same bypass circuit by controlling a transistor by a control signal by width modulation d 'impulse. This makes it possible to have a single current bypass circuit and to adapt the current according to the voltage in the alternation to obtain the desired current value.
- the decision unit is configured to detect voltage peaks in the reduced form signal in an alternation, lower than a predetermined value and to control the branch circuit for a predetermined time to close the circuit of current diversion at each current peak detection.
- This can detect leakage current, in the off state by a two-wire type actuator, and prevent or decrease the leakage current from supplying the load resulting in flickering or low light.
- the bypass circuit makes it possible to reduce flickering of the load or low luminosity, in the event that the current value of the power supply of the management device is low enough to cause flickering of a load.
- the first value will be chosen thus making it possible to sufficiently increase the leakage current.
- the decision unit is configured to control the branch circuit to derive a current during the first predetermined time from the power supply of the management device.
- the decision unit controls the branch circuit according to the first rms current value.
- the decision unit is configured to control the branch circuit for a predetermined time to close the current branch circuit at each instant of the passage through zero of the sector in the event of detection of inductive or capacitive mode. This makes it possible to guarantee the time synchronization of the current management device and the actuator and to correct the flickering (flicker) of an LED load.
- the decision unit is configured to control the bypass circuit for a first predetermined time in a closed state during the passage of the current of a state period establishes in which the angle of the reduced form signal is fixed, for each instant of switching for the diversion of the current according to the first amperage value and at each instant of the passage through zero of the mains during a second predetermined time for the diversion of the current according to the second amperage value.
- the two predetermined times have the same value, for example 10Ops.
- the decision unit in the case of a state period established in capacitive mode detected, is configured to calculate the instant of the next falling edge switching and the decision unit is configured to command the closing of the circuit branch circuit for branching the current according to the first amperage value from a calculated instant equal to the calculated switching instant subtracted from the predetermined time and in ordering the closing of the branch circuit for branching the current according to the second value from each instant zero.
- the decision unit in the case of a state period established in inductive mode detected, is configured to calculate the instant of the next zero crossing of the sector and the decision unit commands the closing of the bypass circuit for the branching of the current according to the first amperage value from the switching (in rising edge) and to calculate order the closing of the branch circuit according to the second value from a calculated closing instant equal to the instant calculated zero subtracted from the predetermined time.
- the calculation of the closing instant can be carried out according to the voltage value of the received reduced form signal and the calculated zero instant subtracted from the predetermined time.
- the current management device further comprises a current limiting unit comprising the bypass circuit described in the previous examples and in that the decision unit is configured to control the current limiting unit which regulates a limiting current according to the signal of the reduced form received from the attenuation unit.
- the limited current is regulated according to the shape of the reduced shape signal at each half-wave.
- the decision unit is configured to include a current bypass command to the bypass circuit according to a signal of the pulse width modulation type, for a fixed predetermined time.
- the pulse width modulation type command can be configured to allow the current to be limited to an effective current according to the first limiting value during the predetermined period and to limit the current derived to a current effective according to the second limiting value described above for the predetermined period.
- the decision unit is configured to detect flickering of the load and is configured to include an additional current bypass command to the bypass circuit according to a signal of the pulse width modulation type, produced for a period of between 10 ps and 900 ps depending on the flickering of the load, to continue to derive the limiting current according to a same first effective limiting value, after the first predetermined period.
- the decision unit can also be configured to control according to a pulse width modulation type signal, before the second fixed predetermined time which precedes the next zero crossing of the calculated sector, for a period comprised in 10ps and 900ps which is also a function of the flickering of the load, so as to obtain the second rms limiting current value.
- the decision unit is configured to control switching to the switching unit, and at the same time to control the opening of the current limiting circuit in the event that the waveform is full.
- the management device comprises: a first terminal intended to be connected to the actuator, electrically connected to the first input of the switch and to the first input of the rectifier bridge circuit, a second terminal intended to be connected to the power supply phase connected to a terminal of the load forming the second input of the bridge rectifier circuit, a third terminal intended to be connected to the other terminal of the load, forming a second input of the switch.
- the rectifier comprises a protection device against overvoltages, mounted between the first input and the second input of the bridge rectifier circuit.
- the protection device comprises a varistor having a PTC type resistor to protect the installation against overheating of the management device.
- the first varistor is a PTC type varistor.
- the device comprises a power supply unit, connected between the rectified output and the return to supply it, comprising a voltage converter having a supply voltage output.
- the power supply unit is used to supply the decision unit from the rectifier bridge.
- the power supply unit further comprises a voltage reduction circuit, for example 12v to supply the switching circuit.
- the switching unit comprises: a relay-type switch comprising a coil powered by the power supply unit, for example by a voltage reduction circuit, for example 12v to power the circuit switching, and an electronic switch mounted in series with the coil of the relay, controlled by the decision unit to allow control of the closing or opening of the contact of the switch between the first and the third terminal.
- the limitation unit further comprises a thermal protection circuit.
- FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a current management device, according to a first embodiment, mounted in an installation.
- FIG. 2 shows an electrical diagram of an example of the current management device according to the first embodiment, mounted in an installation.
- FIG. 3 represents a timing diagram representing voltages, of the current management device powered at full wave, according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 4 represents a timing diagram representing the voltages of the installation comprising the management device U according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 5a represents a timing diagram of the voltages of the management device powered by a dimmer actuator in capacitive mode (trailing edge) at the start of a variation by increasing the voltage.
- FIG. 5b represents a chronogram of the voltages of the management device powered by the dimmer actuator in capacitive mode during a set period.
- FIG. 6a represents a chronogram of the voltages of the devices supplied by a dimmer in inductive mode, at the start of a variation by increasing the voltage.
- FIG. 6b represents a timing diagram of the voltages of the management devices powered by this dimmer actuator in inductive mode for a set period.
- FIG. 7 represents a block diagram of the management device according to a second embodiment in an installation.
- FIG. 8 represents an electrical diagram of an example of the current management device according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 9 represents a voltage timing diagram of the current management device according to the second embodiment, in an installation similar to the timing diagram of FIG. 4.
- FIG. 10 represents a voltage timing diagram of the current management device according to the second embodiment, in the event of detection of flickering of the load.
- FIG. 1 1 a represents a voltage timing diagram of the current management device according to the second embodiment, in series with a dimmer actuator in capacitive mode controlling with an angle chopping during a transient period.
- FIG. 1 1 b represents a timing diagram of the voltages of the management device U according to the second embodiment in series with the dimmer actuator in capacitive mode, in established period.
- FIG. 12a represents a timing diagram of voltages of the current management device according to the second embodiment in series with a dimmer actuator in inductive mode controlling with an angle chopping during a transient period.
- FIG. 12b represents a timing diagram of the voltages of the management device U according to the second embodiment in series with the dimmer actuator in inductive mode, in established period.
- FIG. 13 represents a timing diagram of voltages for the switching unit according to the first or second embodiment according to an example of control of the switch.
- Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of the principle of a current management device U mounted in an installation between a two-wire actuator, which can be electronic or mechanical, and a light load C which can be resistive or electronic for example with LEDs.
- the installation is mounted on a network R having two phases, in this case a phase P and a neutral N.
- the network R is in this case in this example a 230V 50Hz/60Hz network.
- the network R can also be two phases or even be connected in reverse to the installation, ie the neutral can be in place of the phase and the phase in place of the neutral.
- Actuator A is mounted between phase P and a section of cut phase called PC because actuator A can cut phase P at 0, i.e. OFF mode, or transmit in full wave, that is i.e. mode ON, or either vary the shape of the wave, that is to say in capacitive mode or inductive mode in the case where the actuator is a dimmer.
- the U management device shown schematically in Figure 1 comprises a first terminal, a second terminal and a third terminal.
- the first terminal B1 is connected to the actuator A, by the section of cut phase PC of the phase P, the latter can also be the neutral cut by the actuator in the case of inverted mains.
- the second terminal B2 is connected to the supply phase N also connected to the load C, but can also be another phase connected to the load C.
- the third terminal B3 is connected to the load C.
- the management device U is therefore a three-wire device, intended to be connected on the one hand in series between the actuator and the load and on the other hand in parallel with the load.
- the management device U comprises a rectifier U1 comprising a rectifier bridge circuit 1 for rectifying an AC alternating current into a DC direct current.
- Figure 2 shows a representation of an electrical diagram of the current management device U according to an example of the first embodiment.
- the rectifier circuit 1 comprises a first input 1 1 electrically connected to the first terminal B1 in this case connected to the phase P by the cut phase section Pc of the actuator A, a second input forming the second terminal B2 , a rectified output 10 and a return 0 for supplying a power supply unit U2 of the management device U.
- the return 0 is represented at different places in FIG. 2 to simplify the diagram by the ground symbol.
- the rectifier bridge circuit 1 comprises in this example four diodes, visible in FIG. 2, forming a full-wave diode bridge but could also be a thyristor.
- the four diodes can have a reverse voltage of 600 volts for example.
- the rectifier bridge circuit makes it possible to transform a sinusoidal current into a full-wave direct current subtracted from the voltage drop of the diodes, ie 1.4V for example.
- the rectifier U1 further comprises in this embodiment a protection device 15 against overvoltages, mounted between the first input 1 1 and the second terminal B2.
- the device for protection 15 comprises a thermistor varistor assembly comprising a first varistor Vr1 and a thermistor Th.
- the first varistor Vr1 is mounted on the one hand between the first supply phase terminal B1 and the first input 11 of the bridge rectifier circuit 1 and the varistor Th is connected between the first input 11 and the second terminal B2 of the rectifier bridge circuit 1 .
- the thermistor Th incorporates a resistance varying with the internal temperature, here a resistance of the PTC type (the more the internal temperature increases, the more the value of the resistance increases).
- the thermistor Th thus makes it possible to open and disconnect the terminal B1 of the electronics of the device to protect it beyond a temperature in the event of overheating due to the failure of the electronic part located after the rectifying bridge circuit 1 .
- the first varistor Vr1 protects the management electronics of the invention against voltages above a predetermined maximum voltage threshold, for example here 420Vac by clipping the voltage between the first input 1 1 of the bridge rectifier circuit 1 and the second terminal B2.
- a predetermined maximum voltage threshold for example here 420Vac
- the first varistor Vr1 decreases its resistance allowing a current to be left which increases the resistance of the thermistor to avoid a short-circuit between the cut phase and the other phase, here the neutral.
- Voltages higher than 420Vac can be an overvoltage which would come either from the opening of the cut phase of a mechanical or electronic actuator but also following a problem on the electrical network (Neutral Phase).
- the protection device 15 makes it possible here to protect, the electronics explained in detail below, the management device U in the event of an overvoltage and to limit the current in the event of a break in the electronic stages.
- the management device U further comprises a power supply unit U2 connected between the rectified output 10 and the return 0 of the rectifier circuit 1 to supply it in full-wave but could be mounted to be connected to another simple rectifier bridge alternation.
- the supply unit U2 is therefore supplied with direct current and comprises a voltage converter 24 here from 12 volts to 3.3 volts known, having a 3.3Vdc output having a supply voltage for a decision unit U4 (explained later) which includes in this case in this example a microcontroller 40 (3.3 volts).
- the voltage converter 24 can be of the passive type, for example a linear voltage regulator.
- the converter voltage output voltage is represented at different places in Figure 2 to simplify the diagram by the mention "3.3Vdc".
- the power supply unit U2 therefore comprises a voltage reduction circuit 23, in this case 12 volts, comprising a lowered voltage output 12 supplying the voltage converter 24.
- the output lowered voltage 12 is shown at different places in Figure 2 to simplify the diagram by the mention "12Vdc".
- the voltage converter 24 is therefore mounted between the return 0 and the lowered voltage output 12 of the voltage reduction circuit 23.
- the voltage reduction circuit 23 comprises a branch comprising a resistor R2 in this case of 47Kohms and a diode Zener Dz1 of 12 Volts having the cathode connected to a node connected to the resistor R2 and the branch being mounted between the voltage output 0 connected to the resistor R2 and the rectified output 10 connected to the anode of the diode.
- the transistor T3 has the base connected to the node between the resistor R2 and the Zener diode Dz1 to feed it has the collector connected to the rectified output 10 and has the emitter connected to a second node having a fixed voltage.
- the voltage reduction circuit 23 comprises a capacitor C1 in this case of 100pF, to smooth the voltage of 12 volts raised between the lowered voltage output 12 and the return 0.
- the supply unit U2 comprises a resistor R13 between the step-down voltage output 12 and the second node, in this case of 10 ohms.
- the power supply unit U2 makes it possible to produce a lowered voltage of 12 volts in this case and that of 3.3v very quickly, less than 100ps of delay between the passage of current by the actuator A and the stabilized voltages 12 volts and 3.3 volts.
- the lowered voltage of 12 volts makes it possible to supply a switching circuit of a switching unit U5 also explained below as well as the voltage converter 24.
- the lowered voltage can also allow to power a current limiting circuit of a current limiting unit U6 explained in the second embodiment.
- the rectifier 1 When the actuator is in full-wave mode (mechanical switch or full-wave mode dimmer), the rectifier 1 rectifies the alternating current AC into direct current DC and the voltage reduction circuit 23 has a voltage, at its voltage output lowered 12 with respect to the return 0, constant continuous filtered by the capacitor C1, corresponding in this case to a voltage of 12 volts also supplying the voltage converter 24.
- the voltage between the rectified output 10 and the return 0 has a wave which follows the cut-out (substantially triangular) and the reduction circuit voltage 23 of the power supply unit U2 has a voltage, between the lowered voltage output 12 and the return 0, filtered continuously by the capacitor C1 which decreases slightly during the off period and which recharges to 12 volts during the switching phase.
- there is a current limitation for example of 60mA passing through resistor R13, which is a function of the resistance of transistor T6 in linear mode as a function of the voltage of rectified output 10.
- the reducer 1 rectifies the leakage current and the voltage reduction circuit 23 charges its capacitor and discharges when the leakage current is stopped.
- the charge of the capacitor allows the power supply of the decision unit U4 explained next.
- the switch RL1 explained next being in the open state, the leakage current of the actuator A is thus diverted from the first terminal B1 to the terminal B2.
- the management device U further comprises an attenuation unit U3 connected between the rectified output 10 of the rectifier circuit 1 and the return 0 to supply it.
- the attenuation unit U3 comprises a circuit for detecting the passage through zero of the sector 31 making it possible to send a zero sector signal to the decision unit U4.
- the zero crossing detection circuit of the sector 31 comprises a first and a second branch parallel to each other each mounted between the rectified output 10 and the return 0.
- the first branch comprises in this example two rectifying diodes D5 D3 having the anode on the output side rectified 10 by example 1 N4148 in series with each other and then a series resistor R4 of 1 Megohms connected to the return 0.
- the base of transistor T4 is connected to the junction of the first branch between resistor R4 and the cathode of second diode D3.
- the zero crossing detection circuit of sector 31 further comprises a Zener diode Dz2 corresponding to the maximum voltage of the decision unit, here 3.3 Vcc.
- the voltage across the terminals of resistor R9 is between 0 and 3.3V and produces a constant current generator capable of operating between a voltage of 2V peak to 360V peak.
- Figure 3 shows a timing diagram representing the voltages of the installation when the actuator A is in full wave, for example mechanical type.
- the voltages are the mains voltage corresponding to the signal at the supply terminals (first and second terminal) of the management device and the voltage of the rectification signal between the rectified output 10 and the return 0 and the voltage at the terminals of R9 indicating the signal mains zero by varying from 3.3v to 0V.
- This signal is sent to the decision unit U4 which can take a decision to close the switch RL1 so that the load C has its first supply of current at the zero crossing of the sector in order to reduce the inrush current there.
- the attenuation unit U3 further comprises in this example a circuit for reducing the shape of the signal 30 of the rectified output 10 by having a maximum voltage less than or equal to the supply voltage of the unit decision unit U4 (for example 3.3 volts of the microcontroller 40 of the decision unit U4) and an output of the reduced form signal (visible in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 explained below).
- the signal shape reduction circuit 30 comprises two resistors R7 and R8 in series, for example R7 equals 1 megaohms and R8 of 10 KOhms makes it possible to attenuate the signal present at the output of the rectifier into a signal of reduced form suitable for the decision unit U4 explained below.
- the signal shape reduction circuit 30 makes it possible to produce the reduced shape signal having a reduction of the rectified signal between 0.7V (due to the rectifier diodes) and 3, 3Vdc where the attenuation is 100 .
- Figure 3 also shows in the timing diagram the voltage across R8 representing the voltage at the output of the reduced form signal.
- the management device therefore comprises the decision unit U4 comprising in this case a microcontroller 40 having a 3.3V power supply therefore connected to the power supply unit U2 and in particular to the output of the voltage converter 24 from 12 volts to 3.3 volts 24 as well as at return 0.
- the decision unit U4 comprising in this case a microcontroller 40 having a 3.3V power supply therefore connected to the power supply unit U2 and in particular to the output of the voltage converter 24 from 12 volts to 3.3 volts 24 as well as at return 0.
- the decision unit U4 is also connected to the attenuation unit U3 in particular having a first input connected to the output of the reduced form signal of the signal form reduction circuit 30, and a second input connected to the zero crossing detection circuit of the sector 31, in this case between the resistor R9 and the transistor T4, to enable synchronization with the zero crossing of the sector.
- the decision unit U4 comprises a current deflection circuit 41 and the microcontroller 40 comprises an output connected to this current deflection circuit 41 but may also be in another unit internal to the management device U as in the second embodiment.
- the current deflection circuit 41 can also be external to the management device comprising for example a control output of a bypass circuit 41 .
- This current diversion circuit 41 makes it possible in particular to derive a greater leakage current from a 2-wire electronic switch if the management device U does not make it possible to derive enough current between its first and second terminals.
- the decision unit U4 further comprises a control output for controlling a switching unit U5 as a function of the reduced form signal received at its first input and of the detection of the zero crossing of the sector by means of the signal zero sector received on its second input.
- the switching unit U5 comprises a switch RL1 comprising an actuator connected between the first terminal B1 and the third terminal B3 thus allowing in a closed state to let the current flow from the actuator A to the load C.
- switch RL1 is a relay-type mechanical actuator.
- the switch may be an electronic switch comprising at least one electronic switch such as a transistor, for example Mosfet or thyristor, mounted between the first terminal B1 and the second terminal B2.
- the switch RL1 comprises in this case in this embodiment the contact is normally open but could be normally closed.
- the switching unit U5 comprises in this embodiment a power supply circuit controlled by the decision unit U4 to control the opening or closing of the contact of the switch RL1.
- the supply circuit of the switching unit U5 comprises a switch controlled by the output of the decision unit U4, in series with the control of the switch, here with the coil of the relay RL1, mounted together between the step-down voltage output 12 and return 0.
- a resistor R10 is connected between the output of the decision unit U4 and the control of the switch which is a transistor T5.
- the supply circuit of the switching unit U5 further comprises in this example, a type 1 signal diode D1 N4148, it makes it possible to absorb the overvoltage which is caused at the time of the shutdown of the control of relay coil RL1 .
- the switching unit U5 further comprises a hold-open circuit, here comprising a signal diode D8, in this case of type 1 N4148, a reservoir capacitor C2, in this case, of 47pF and a resistance R15, in this case of 10 Ohms.
- Capacitor C2 thus makes it possible to supply the energy necessary to supply the coil of relay RL1 while being separated from the lowered voltage output 12 of the voltage reduction circuit 23 so that it can switch from the open state to the closed state close to voltage zero during the closing command if the voltage of 12 volts (C1) is too low in the case of a dimmer-type actuator in dimmer mode, in particular in the case of a low d-angle power supply 'ripple.
- the separate power supply makes it possible to reduce or even eliminate the repercussion of a current inrush to the voltage reduction circuit 23 and vice versa.
- the transition from the closed state to the open state can be achieved using a spring or by a voltage inversion circuit in the case of a bistable relay.
- the control is performed by an optotriac comprising its power part in place of the transistor T5 and its control powered or controlled by the output of the decision unit.
- This makes it possible to transmit a current to a command of the switch which can be supplied by the mains voltage (for example coil of the 220V relay) between the first and second terminal while having galvanic isolation.
- FIG. 4 represents a timing diagram representing the voltages of the installation comprising the management device U according to the first embodiment.
- the timing diagram in FIG. 4 comprises: in the first time representation of the timing diagram, the mains voltage of the installation between two phases, here between a phase and a neutral, in this case 31 1 V 50Hz; in the second temporal representation of the timing diagram, the voltage at the terminals of the power supply, between the first terminal B1 and the second terminal B2 of the management device and a time t-1 representing an actuation of an actuator A at full wave, by example of a mechanical switch type, from an off state to an on state; in the third temporal representation of the timing diagram, the output of the reduced form signal (voltage across R8) representing the rectified voltage between the rectified output 10 and the return 0, reduced to 1/100; in the third temporal representation of the timing diagram, the mains zero signal (voltage at the terminals of R9) making it possible to indicate at instant tO the passage through zero of the mains (i.e.
- the lowered voltage 12 here corresponding to 12 volts
- the voltage at the control output of the decision unit U4 for switching the switch here at a time t1 for the passage of the contact from the open state to the closed state of the relay RL1
- the voltage charge across the terminals of the load C is that between the third terminal and the first terminal, starting at a time t2 of the passage through zero of the sector.
- the decision unit U4 receives the reduced form signal, as well as the sector zero signal at time tO and makes it possible to calculate the time T0' of the next zero crossing of the sector as well as the time t1 of the sends the command to switch the contact of switch RL1 from the open state to the closed state.
- the decision unit U4 is configured to know the delay time P2 between the instant of transmission of the switching command order to the switching unit U5 and the actual transition to the closed state of the contact of the RL1 switch.
- the decision unit U4 calculates the time t1 by subtracting from the calculated time of the next zero crossing of the sector tO′, the delay time P2.
- the decision unit U4 thus sends its control signal at the instant t1 and thus enables the supply of the complete wave to the load C at the next instant t0′ of the passage through zero of the sector.
- the management device U derives a limited bypass current passing from the first terminal B1 to the second terminal B2 as explained above.
- the decision unit U4 allows by its command, to leave the switch open to derive a predetermined limited current for a predetermined time P1 until the zero sector signal, corresponding to the passage through zero of the sector, received from the attenuation unit U3 corresponding to that calculated.
- the device in particular the zero crossing detection circuit of the sector 31 and the decision unit are configured to allow an accuracy of the zero crossing of the real sector less than or equal to 0.2 ms, i.e. 0.1 ms around the real time zero before or after.
- FIG. 5a represents a timing diagram of the voltages of the device and of the installation in which the actuator is a dimmer in capacitive mode (trailing edge) at the start of a variation by increasing the voltage, period called in the following , transition period.
- Figure 5b shows a timing diagram of the voltages of the devices in this installation with a voltage at the supply terminals, cut off in capacitive mode after the transient period, called the established period below.
- FIG. 6a represents a chronogram of the voltages of the device of an installation in which the actuator is a dimmer in inductive mode (leading edge) at the start of a variation by increasing the voltage, period called in the following, transition period.
- Figure 6b shows a timing diagram of this installation after the transitional period, in established period.
- the decision unit U4 is configured to command the switch to a closed state after a period of 100 ps to 1000 ps with respect to the time of start of the received reduced form signal and before a predetermined period of the next zero crossing of the sector to enable the load to be powered from the zero crossing of the sector, at least 10 ms after the start of the first reduced form signal received.
- timing diagrams of Figures 5a and 5b represent the same types of signals and in the same order by time presentation as those in the timing diagram of Figure 4.
- time t-1 represents actuation of an actuator but of the capacitive switch type, from an off state to an on state variable according to a cut angle.
- the angle increases progressively, the user for example presses or turns on a button of the dimmer A which increases the wave angle of the dimmer.
- the decision unit U4 can determine an rms voltage variation detection or a constant rms voltage detection, by comparing either the angle or the voltage to the rising edge (capacitive mode) or falling edge (inductive mode), of two successive alternations. In particular, it can detect an increase in the effective variation and a decrease in the effective variation. Voltage variation detection is called transient state period and constant rms voltage detection is called steady state period.
- the decision unit U4 can determine whether the signal across the power supply terminals (first and second terminals) is in a capacitive or inductive mode or cut off or full wave by the reduced form signal received from the reduction in the form of the signal 30.
- the decision unit U4 is configured to control, as in the case of a mechanical switch at a time t1, by the control output of the decision unit U4, the switching of the switch here for the passage of the contact from the open state to the closed state of relay RL1.
- the decision unit U4 being configured to know the delay time P2 between the instant of transmission of the switching control order to the switch RL1 and the actual passage to the closed state of the contact, calculated time t1 is before time t2 representing the closing of the contact of relay RL1 at time tO'.
- the decision unit U4 closes the current bypass circuit 41 at time T-1 for a predetermined time, for example 100 ps, to allow the drive to have a higher leakage current. that of the power supply of the current management device (because the switch is still open).
- the decision unit U4 closes the current bypass circuit 41 each time the sector passes through zero (time T0') during the transient state period.
- the decision unit U4 can, from the various reduced form signals received, compare the angle of closure by the variator at instant N and N-1 to deduce therefrom an increase in the angle by the variator and thus increase branch circuit closing time 41 .
- the decision unit U4 can of course, from the various reduced form signals received, compare the angle of closure by the variator at instant N and N-1 to deduce therefrom a reduction in the angle by the dimmer and thus reduce the closing time of the branch circuit 41
- the current bypass circuit 41 is here connected between the rectified output 10 and the return 0 and comprises a resistor of R1 and here a Mosfet type transistor T2 in series such that the Mosfet transistor T2 is controlled by the unit decision here directly.
- Resistance R1 can be equal for example to 100 ohms.
- the current bypass circuit 41 can be internal or external to the current management device U and can be, according to another example, a resistive load controlled externally.
- the current branch circuit 41 can be, according to another example, mounted between the first terminal and the second terminal, in this case the circuit can comprise a diode bridge or operate alternately.
- the decision unit U4 is configured to close, during an angle period of the established signal visible in FIG. 5b, also called the established state period, the current bypass circuit 41 at each instant t0 'for a first predetermined period, for example 100ps, to make it possible to guarantee the time synchronization of the management device U and the power supply of the actuator A. This makes it possible to correct the flickering (flicker) of an LED load.
- the decision unit U4 comprises another current diversion circuit having a larger resistor to reduce the current in the resistor in series with the transistor to make it possible to guarantee the time synchronization of the invention and of the actuator.
- the decision unit U4 is configured to control the transistor of the current bypass circuit 41 according to a pulse width modulation to reduce the effective current passing through the resistor R1.
- the decision unit U4 closes, moreover during an angle period of the signal establishes, called state establishes, its current deflection circuit 41 at each instant of end of current passage angle , for a second predetermined time, for example 100 ps before the end of the current passage angle.
- This also allows the priming of the actuator in the case of low power electronic loads.
- this makes it possible to compensate for the lack of energy of the luminous electronic loads in order to guarantee and maintain the priming of the actuator (example: dimmer comprising a triac).
- time t-1 represents actuation of a dimmer actuator but of the inductive switch type, from an off state to an on state variable according to a cut angle.
- the angle increases progressively as in the case of figure 5a, the user for example presses or turns on a button of the variator which increases the angle of the variator.
- the decision unit U4 can determine a voltage variation detection on the one hand and on the other hand a variation command according to an inductive mode by the reduced form signal as well as the zero sector signal.
- the decision unit U4 is configured to control, as in the case of a mechanical switch or dimmer in capacitive mode at a time t1, by the control output of the decision unit U4 the switching of the switch.
- the instant t1 being before time t2 according to a predetermined period P2 as in the case of a mechanical switch or dimmer in capacitive mode.
- the load receives a very low current since the angle of the signal ends on the zero crossing of the sector.
- the load receives a very low first current and therefore a low current inrush.
- the decision unit can also be configured to control its bypass circuit in the closed state according to the various examples described above in the same way as in capacitive mode except that at the moment of the commutation, it is on a rising edge, during the period of the transient state or establishes.
- FIG. 7 shows a block diagram of the management device U according to a second embodiment in an installation, identical to the first embodiment except in that the bypass circuit 41 is located in a current limiting unit U6 and in that the control unit further comprises a communication unit U7 connected to a communication means 70.
- the current management device U comprises the current limiting unit U6.
- Figure 8 shows an electrical diagram of an example of the current management device U according to the second embodiment.
- the current limiting unit U6 comprises a bypass circuit 61 and further in this example a thermal protection circuit 62.
- Branch circuit 61 may be like branch circuit 41 .
- the bypass circuit 61 comprises, here a control voltage change circuit portion, here 3.3V/12V, making it possible to transform the control output of the microcontroller U4 3.3Volts into a 12-volt control.
- This circuit portion is connected to the lowered voltage output 12, powered by the voltage reduction circuit 23.
- This circuit portion comprises, in this case, a resistor R6 connected to the control output of the microcontroller 40 and to a control of a transistor T1 1 connected in one branch between ground and the lowered voltage output 12.
- the branch comprises the transistor T1 1 in series with a resistor R19 and a resistor R18.
- the circuit portion includes a transistor T1 including its control connected between resistor R19 and resistor R18 and is mounted between the step-down voltage output 12 and a resistor R5.
- Resistor R5 is further connected to a Node connected to a Mosfet transistor driver T2 and a resistor R17 and a capacitor C5 in parallel with each other, connected to return 0.
- the bypass circuit 61 comprises, as in the example of the bypass circuit 41, the Mosfet transistor T2 connected in series with the resistor R1 between the rectified output 10 and the return 0.
- the decision unit comprises a measurement input mounted between the two resistors R 15 and Rntc to control a thermal protection mode of the management device U when the temperature reaches a predetermined temperature, for example 75°C.
- the decision unit U can be configured to control in thermal protection mode, for example by leaving the bypass circuit 61 open (Off state of the transistor T2) or even to use it only at zero crossing of the sector or even only at switching (rising or falling edge depending on the mode).
- the decision unit U4 is configured to control according to a pulse-width modulation also called PWM.
- the command sent by the decision unit U4 of the PWM type has a frequency of 10OKhz, the capacitor C5, here of 10OpF, with the two resistors R5 of 10Kohms and R17 of 100 ohms form a low pass filter whose cutoff frequency is 150Hz.
- the low pass filter transforms this PWM type square signal into a continuous control voltage, in this example it will be 6Vdc.
- the control voltage of the MOS transistor T2 can vary between 0V and 6V continuously to enable it to be controlled in a linear regime and thus make it operate as a current limiter and adjust its limiting value.
- FIG. 9 represents a timing diagram of the current management device U according to the second embodiment, in an installation similar to the timing diagram of FIG. 4 further comprising, in the third time position, the limiting current.
- the decision unit U4 is configured to control by its control output the current limiting unit U6 in the closed state as soon as the management device U is powered, here in this example as soon as the current is closed.
- actuator A In the case of a two-wire actuator with current leakage, the current limiting unit U6 is already in the closed state as explained below.
- the decision unit can be configured to transmit via the control output a signal to the transistor T1 1 for a predetermined time (either at full wave or in pulse width modulation (depending on the angle of the alternation)), for example a predetermined period, here 100 ps, which makes it possible to send a command to the transistor T 1 and thus to the Mosfet transistor T2 to derive a limiting current according to a first value, here of 60 milliamperes, which thus crosses the resistor R1.
- a predetermined time either at full wave or in pulse width modulation (depending on the angle of the alternation)
- a predetermined period here 100 ps
- the decision unit U4 can also be configured to transmit a control signal of the pulse width modulation type during the predetermined time, to limit the current according to a second current limiting value lower than the first value of current limiting. Indeed, the fact of sending a signal of the pulse width modulation type and the low pass filter makes it possible to control the transistor T2 in linear mode to reduce the limiting current according to the second value, here of 25 milliamperes, which thus crosses resistor R1.
- Figure 10 shows an additional current bypass command by decision unit U4 to the bypass circuit.
- the decision unit U4 can also be configured to command an additional bypass command according to a signal of the pulse width modulation type to the transistor T1 1 , after the first fixed predetermined time (here 10 Ops).
- the ripple of the supply voltage across the terminals of the management device U is full wave from time t-1, for a period of between 10ps and 900ps, depending on the flickering of the load to continue drifting the limiting current according to the same first effective limiting value, here 60mA.
- the pulse width modulation type signal adapts to the actual rectified instantaneous voltage received through the reduced form signal.
- the control in pulse width modulation is carried out by adapting to the voltage during the alternation so that the limiting current passing through the load is according to the first effective limiting value, i.e. here approximately 60 milliamperes, after time t-1 for a variable period up to 900ps.
- the total period of current diversion according to the first value can therefore be at most 1 millisecond.
- the decision unit U4 can be configured to control according to the pulse width modulation type signal, before the fixed predetermined time of 100 ps according to the second value, that is to say before the instant of the next instant tO' of the passage through zero of the sector, minus the time predetermined here of 100 ps.
- This command can also be for a period between 10ps and 900ps which is also a function of the flickering of the load so as to obtain the second effective limiting current value here in this case 25 milliamperes or in all a total period also of 1 ms max.
- the decision unit U4 is configured to control the switching to the switching unit U5, in this case here to the relay RL1, as illustrated in Figure 9 identically to the first mode of realization.
- the decision unit U4 is configured to control the opening of the current limiting circuit U6 in the case where the waveform is full, for example as shown in FIG. 9 in the case for example of a mechanical actuator or a full-wave dimmer.
- Figure 11a shows a timing diagram similar to that of Figure 5a of an electronic actuator of the capacitive type controlling with an angle cutout during a transient period, further comprising in the third time position the limiting current.
- the decision unit U4 is configured to, during a detected transient state period, control the current limiting unit U6 to limit the current in the shunt resistor R1 according to the first current value, in this case 60mA, during a first period predetermined T6, in this case 10Ops from the triggering of the first cut wave of the reduced form signal, ie here from t-1.
- the decision unit U4 is further configured in this example, during this transient state period, to control at each start of a cut signal detected, the current limitation according to the first value here 60mA, by increasing the time predetermined T61, T62, T63 as a function of the increase in the angle of the second reduced shape signal having a cut wave, calculated by the decision unit from the reduced shape signal.
- the time predetermined by the decision unit U4 is 200ps then 350ps at T62 and 500ps for the third predetermined time T65.
- the current management device U derives a limiting current which makes it possible to limit the inrush currents.
- FIG. 11b represents a timing diagram of the voltages of the management device U according to the second embodiment in series with a dimmer actuator in capacitive mode, in a set period.
- the decision unit U4 is here configured to control, in a state period established with alternation, the current limitation unit U6 so that a limitation current according to the first value, here 60mA, is derived during the first time predetermined fixed, here 100pS at each switching edge moment of the chopped signal during the chopped signal, in this case at the end of the signal (falling edge). This allows priming of dimmer actuator A upstream in the case of a low power electronic load.
- the decision unit U4 knowing the form of the cut signal established, transmits the control signal to close T2 at a time equal to the time of the next rising edge calculated minus the fixed predetermined period, here 100 ps.
- the decision unit U4 is configured to control, in a state period established with cut alternation, the current limitation unit U6 so that the limitation current is approximately equal to the second value, here 25mA , during the first predetermined time, here 100pS, each time the sector approaches zero crossing, to guarantee the time synchronization of the management device U and the actuator A.
- Figures 12A and 12B represent a timing diagram according to the second embodiment similar respectively to Figures 1 1 A and 1 1 B but when the actuator is an inductive mode dimmer controlling according to a cut alternation.
- the decision unit U4 being configured to, during a detected transient state period, control the current limiting unit U6 to limit the current in the shunt resistor R1 according to the first current value from the triggering of the first signal of reduced form corresponding to a first cut wave, here from t-1.
- the limited current, here 60mA is therefore shunted into the bypass circuit 61 for a period corresponding to the predetermined time T6.
- the decision unit U4 being further configured, in this example, to increase the predetermined time T61, T62, T63, to control the current limitation according to the first value here 60mA, when it detects an increase in the voltage, at each start of cut signals detected, here a rising edge.
- the predetermined time T61 by the decision unit U4 is 200ps then 350ps at T62 and 500ps for the third predetermined time T65.
- the decision unit U4 is configured to control, in a state period established with interrupted alternation, the current limitation unit U6 so that the limitation current is approximately equal to the first value, Here 60mA, during the first predetermined time, here 100pS, at each switching edge moment, in this case from each start of cut signal (rising edge).
- the decision unit U4 being configured to control, in a state period established with interrupted alternation (when the angle is constant), the current limiting unit U6, so that the limiting current either approximately equal to the second value, here 25mA, during the first predetermined time, here 100pS at each approach to the voltage zero crossing during the chopped signal, or here the instant t0' of the zero crossing of the sector subtracted from the time predetermined, i.e. t0' minus 100ps.
- FIG. 13 represents a timing diagram of voltages for the switching unit according to the first or second embodiment according to an example of control of the switch.
- the decision unit U4 is configured to produce a pulse-type command to the transistor T5 in order to reduce the consumption of the relay coil.
- the decision unit commands the transistor T5 to the on state, by its output for a first predetermined period T50, allowing the coil to move its switching core in order to move the contact of the switch to the closed state.
- the decision unit U4 is configured to command the transistor T5 to the on state in a pulsed manner.
- the coil of the connector needs a quantity of energy at the beginning when changing from open state to closed state, but once the contact is closed, the coil needs less energy to keep the contact closed. .
- the consumption of the coil is reduced while keeping the contact closed.
- the management device U comprises a communication unit U7 and communication antennas 70, in this case a Zigbee and/or Bluetooth antenna and an NFC antenna.
- the U7 communication unit is visible in Figure 7 but only includes a visible part in Figure 8.
- the visible part of the U7 communication unit is an information circuit mounted between the output 3.3 volts and a decision unit input.
- the information circuit comprises in this example a light emitting diode LED for indicating information controlled by the management device U and a resistor R14 in this case of 1 Kohms in series with the light.
- the LED indicator is used here to display a compatibility fault between load C and actuator A.
- the communication unit U7 here also comprises a means of communication 71 of the radio type (Bluetooth, ZigBee, NFC, etc.) to communicate with these antennas 70 (in this case Bluetooth, ZigBee, NFC) represented on Figure 8 schematically.
- the communication means 71 is connected to the decision unit to transmit or receive a request so as to make the electrical installation connected.
- a communication device for example a telephone or a tablet
- the unit decision is configured to control either the opening or the closing of the contact of the switch RL1.
- the decision unit U4 can be configured to control the electronic switch (MOSFET power transistor for example) to vary the effective voltage of the load, for example such as an electronic dimmer.
- the electronic switch MOSFET power transistor for example
- the management device may comprise a luminaire base cover box for housing a luminaire base and have its first terminal configured to be connected to the cut phase section, its second terminal to a terminal of the luminaire base as well as to the other phase and its third terminal to the other terminal of the luminaire base.
- the management device can comprise a box to be incorporated inside a flush-mounting box.
- the management device can include a flush-mounting box to be recessed into a wall and to make it possible to support a lighting load.
- the box may include luminaire base plugs in which the second terminal is directly connected to one base plug and the third terminal is directly connected to the other base plug.
- the box can comprise the light fitting base in which the second terminal is directly connected to one terminal of the base and the third terminal is directly connected to the other terminal of the base.
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- Circuit Arrangement For Electric Light Sources In General (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2010798A FR3115420A1 (fr) | 2020-10-21 | 2020-10-21 | Dispositif de gestion de courant a trois fils |
| PCT/EP2021/079060 WO2022084378A1 (fr) | 2020-10-21 | 2021-10-20 | Dispositif de gestion de courant a trois fils |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4233164A1 true EP4233164A1 (fr) | 2023-08-30 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP21794844.7A Pending EP4233164A1 (fr) | 2020-10-21 | 2021-10-20 | Dispositif de gestion de courant a trois fils |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4233164A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3115420A1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2022084378A1 (fr) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TW201401704A (zh) * | 2012-05-16 | 2014-01-01 | Schneider Electric South East Asia Hq Pte Ltd | 用於控制電負載之方法、裝置與系統 |
| CN106154892A (zh) * | 2015-03-30 | 2016-11-23 | 黄世勇 | 一种继电器过零触发开关电路 |
| US10251228B1 (en) * | 2017-05-07 | 2019-04-02 | Marshall Lester | LED dimming stabilizer apparatus and method |
-
2020
- 2020-10-21 FR FR2010798A patent/FR3115420A1/fr active Pending
-
2021
- 2021-10-20 WO PCT/EP2021/079060 patent/WO2022084378A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2021-10-20 EP EP21794844.7A patent/EP4233164A1/fr active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2022084378A1 (fr) | 2022-04-28 |
| FR3115420A1 (fr) | 2022-04-22 |
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