EP4159470A1 - Method for refining a large format building panel - Google Patents
Method for refining a large format building panel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP4159470A1 EP4159470A1 EP22208390.9A EP22208390A EP4159470A1 EP 4159470 A1 EP4159470 A1 EP 4159470A1 EP 22208390 A EP22208390 A EP 22208390A EP 4159470 A1 EP4159470 A1 EP 4159470A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- upper side
- embossed
- relief
- decorative paper
- paper
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004640 Melamine resin Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000151 polyglycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010695 polyglycol Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- JBKVHLHDHHXQEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N epsilon-caprolactam Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCN1 JBKVHLHDHHXQEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002522 Wood fibre Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005686 electrostatic field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004848 polyfunctional curative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002025 wood fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
- B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
- B44C5/00—Processes for producing special ornamental bodies
- B44C5/04—Ornamental plaques, e.g. decorative panels, decorative veneers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
- B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
- B44C1/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects
- B44C1/24—Pressing or stamping ornamental designs on surfaces
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F15/00—Flooring
- E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
- E04F15/02005—Construction of joints, e.g. dividing strips
- E04F15/02033—Joints with beveled or recessed upper edges
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F15/00—Flooring
- E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
- E04F15/10—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements of other materials, e.g. fibrous or chipped materials, organic plastics, magnesite tiles, hardboard, or with a top layer of other materials
- E04F15/102—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements of other materials, e.g. fibrous or chipped materials, organic plastics, magnesite tiles, hardboard, or with a top layer of other materials of fibrous or chipped materials, e.g. bonded with synthetic resins
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for finishing a large-format building board, in particular MDF or HDF, with an upper side and a lower side, with a relief being embossed at least in the upper side, and then a decoration being applied to the embossed upper side of the building board and the decoration then being carried out Application of an abrasion-resistant layer is sealed.
- Such a method is, for example, from WO 2016/180643 A1 known.
- the EP 1 820 640 B1 describes a process for refining a large-format MDF building board that has a structure or relief embossed on its upper side, a decoration is applied to the embossed upper side and the decoration is then sealed with an abrasion-resistant layer.
- the EP 3 023 261 B1 discloses a method for finishing a wood-based panel with an upper side and an underside by first applying a layer of liquid synthetic resin to at least the upper side or the underside, then at least one layer of paper impregnated with a synthetic resin is placed and this structure is then pressed in a press under high pressure Pressure and high temperature is pressed, whereby the resin melts and connects to the wood-based panel.
- Such building panels are divided into individual panels after finishing and used, for example, as floor or wall and ceiling panels and are often provided with a wood, stone or fantasy decor with a superimposed, three-dimensional surface.
- the split panels have fasteners (tongue and groove) and are mostly provided with locking means for locking adjacent ones Panels equipped in horizontal and vertical direction (so-called click panels).
- the superimposition of decor and three-dimensional surface creates a realistic visual and tactile impression of the imitated material.
- a structure that is matched to the decor is referred to as a decor-synchronous structure (embossed register).
- the decoration is present either as a layer of paper laminated onto the carrier board or as a layer of color printed directly onto the carrier board.
- the decor is also provided with a wear-resistant layer.
- abrasion-resistant paper layers so-called overlays, or, after curing, abrasion-resistant lacquer or resin layers are used.
- the decor-synchronous structure is available as a three-dimensional surface structure and is embossed into the panel surface by means of a correspondingly three-dimensionally structured pressing plate.
- the components of the coating that can be activated thermally and under pressure melt and run and fill out the three-dimensional structural embossing while curing.
- the structure usually has a height of up to 500 ⁇ m.
- the number and depth of the structures are limited on the one hand by the available quantity of activatable components and on the other hand by the pressing force.
- the DE 10 2008 008 240 A1 discloses a carrier plate on the upper side of which water is applied prior to coating, which is absorbed and causes a steam burst during subsequent pressing, as a result of which the top layer heats up very quickly.
- the heat and moisture bring about better plastic deformability and thus enable deeper stamping structures of the pressed sheet metal.
- the moisture also has the effect that the heat transfer from the pressing plates of the short-cycle press to the wood-based panel improves.
- the EP 2 106 903 A1 discloses a method for applying wear-inhibiting particles to a flat substrate, which is characterized in that the application takes place by means of an electrostatic field with a potential difference of at least 10 kV.
- the large-format panel is later divided into individual panels along the embossed indentations.
- the upper side is then lowered at the side edges by the embossed indentations.
- the abutting edges of adjacent panels are therefore lower than the upper side.
- height offset cannot cause any shadows that are visually noticeable because all butt joints are lowered.
- Appropriate edge profiling can achieve a firm connection between adjacent panels, which effectively prevents liquid from penetrating too quickly into the butt joint.
- At least one further depression running at an angle transversely to the at least one depression is preferably embossed.
- a plurality of transverse depressions are preferably embossed, along which the panels can then be divided in the transverse direction.
- an MDF or HDF board is used as a building board, it is provided that its raw density profile (development of the density over the cross section of the board) compared to a usual raw density profile, as is the case, for example, from EP 3 023 261 B1 is known to be lowered.
- the fiber cake is pressed to form a building board of the desired thickness, the greatest bulk density is in the area of the top and bottom of the board. Due to the heat input during pressing, forms a pressed skin on the top and bottom, which is also called the "rotting layer".
- the panel has been pressed with a maximum raw density in the cover layers of 950 - 1000 kg/m 3 , it can be supplied blank, ie the pressed skin is not removed. However, it is also possible to at least partially grind off the press skin, for example to a thickness of 0.3 mm, in order to reduce the density on the upper side.
- the treatment agent ensures that the previously reduced bulk density on the upper side (in the top layer) is increased again in order to achieve sufficient strength properties on the later panels.
- a surface temperature of up to 220° C. occurs when the at least one indentation is embossed.
- one or more layers of paper can be applied as an underlay under the decorative paper. Like the decorative paper, these paper layers are impregnated with a melamine resin.
- the finishing agent (melamine resin) applied to the top fixes the compressed fiber cake during pressing and curing and increases the bulk density in the top layer.
- the depth of the at least one indentation is preferably up to 0.7 mm and can in particular be graduated, so that the bottom wall is designed in a stepped manner. In such a case, several first pressing steps are carried out with different pressing depths.
- markings which can consist of lines, circles, dots, crosses or other graphic symbols, can be printed on the decorative paper where it comes to rest in the bottom walls of the at least one depression. Lines are preferred. Instead of printed markings, markings can also be embossed during pressing, which are matte or shiny areas or geometric figures using the upper Pressing sheet to be transferred to the building board. Such markings can also be provided on the edge of the decorative paper, so that they are on the outer edge of the coated building board.
- a structure can be embossed into the upper side via the upper press plate, which structure runs at least partially synchronously with the decor, which is called “embossed register” in technical jargon.
- the starting point is a large format HDF board with a length of 2,800 mm or 1,860 mm, a width of 2,070 mm and a thickness of 7 mm to 14 mm.
- the bulk density is lower than that of a standard HDF panel, as a comparison of the figure 6 with the figures 7 and 8th shows.
- the top layer peaks were lowered by at least 40 kg/m 3 compared to the standard. Good results have been achieved with a reduction of up to 60 kg/m 3 .
- the bulk density is then in the range from 950 to 1000 kg/m 3 .
- An example of the raw density profile of a conventional HDF board is in figure 6 shown.
- figures 7 and 8th show examples of raw density profiles of building boards used according to the invention.
- the HDF board can be supplied blank, i.e. with the complete pressed skin.
- the pressed skin is ground down to a thickness of about 0.3 mm in order to initially deliberately “make the top layer weak”.
- aqueous melamine resin 10 to 50 g/m 2 , preferably 30 g/m 2 , of aqueous melamine resin are applied as a finishing agent.
- This can be a standard impregnating resin with a solids content of 50 to 65% by weight, preferably 60% by weight.
- other additives such as hardeners, wetting agents and the like can be present in the recipe.
- UF resin or mixtures of UF and melamine resin can also be used as a tempering agent. It is either a postforming resin or a standard impregnating resin that is made more elastic by adding flexibilizers (e.g. 1,4-butanediol, caprolactam, polyglycol, etc.).
- the elasticizing agent should be on the order of about 3 to 7% by weight.
- this is then heated to a temperature of 30° C. to 50° C. by applying 10 to 30 g/m 2 of steam.
- one or more resin-impregnated paper layers are placed on top 2 as underlay 4.1 (cf. figure 5 ) and then or only alone (cf. figure 3 ) a decorative paper 3 placed.
- the decorative paper 3 can be single-colored or multi-colored.
- Markings 7 can be provided on the decorative paper 3 .
- the markings 7 can be circles 7.1, crosses 7.2, lines 7.3 and dashes 7.4 or other geometric figures.
- the building board 2 can be aligned via these markings 7 via a camera system in order to carry out further processing steps.
- a backing 8 is then placed on the underside 9 of the building board 1 and an overlay paper 4 is placed on the decorative paper 3 as an abrasion-resistant layer.
- This structure is then fed to a short-cycle press 30 whose upper press plate 31 is provided with raised areas 32 in the form of strips.
- the building board 1 is aligned via the markings 7 and a camera system, so that the elevations 32 shape the depressions 5, 6 when the structure is pressed, thereby forming parallel and planar side walls 5.1, 5.2 and the bottom wall 5.3.
- Elevations 32 can be provided with an engraving on the pressing sheet 31, via which a structure is embossed into the upper side of the overlay during pressing, which structure is at least partially aligned synchronously with the decor (embossed register).
- the pressing time in the short-cycle press 30 is between 10 and 30 seconds, preferably 12 to 15 seconds, during which the resins melt and bond to the building board 1 .
- the temperature of the press plates 31, 33 is up to 200°C.
- the pressure curve proceeds from a pressure build-up phase into a holding phase and a pressure reduction phase.
- the embossing depth T will take place in the sense of a distance control.
- At least two depressions 5, 6 in the longitudinal direction L and two in the transverse direction Q must be embossed so that the side edges of the divided panels are all lowered.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
- Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
- Finishing Walls (AREA)
Abstract
Die Erfindung betrifft Verfahren zur Veredelung einer bereitgestellten Bauplatte (1) aus einem Holzwerkstoff, insbesondere MDF oder HDF, mit einer Unterseite (9) und einer ein Dekor aufweisenden Oberseite (2), wobei mindestens in die Oberseite (2) ein Relief eingeprägt wird, mit folgenden Schritten:a) auf der Oberseite werden ein Dekorpapier (3) und auf das Dekorpapier (3) als abriebfeste Schicht (4) ein Overlaypapier aufgebracht,b) die Unterseite (9) wird mit einem Gegenzug (8) versehen,c) der so verbreitete Aufbau wird einer Kurztaktpresse (30) zugeführt und unter hohem Druck und hoher Temperatur miteinander verpresst,d) während des Verpressens wird das Relief als mindestens eine streifenförmig ausgebildete Vertiefung (5) mit zwei gegenüberliegenden Seitenwandungen (5.1, 5.2) und einer diese verbindenden Bodenwandung (5.3) in die Oberseite (2) mit einer Tiefe (T) eingeprägt,wobei vor dem Auftragen des Dekorpapiers (3):e) auf die Oberseite (2) als ein Vergütungsmittel ein Postforming-Harz oder Standard-Tränkharz, das durch Zugabe von Flexibilisierungsmitteln elastischer eingestellt ist, aufgetragen wird, undf) zumindest in den Bereichen, in denen das Relief geprägt werden soll, wird die Oberseite (2) zur Erreichung einer Oberflächentemperatur von 30 bis 50 °C mit Heißdampf behandelt wird.The invention relates to a method for finishing a provided building board (1) made of a wood material, in particular MDF or HDF, with an underside (9) and an upper side (2) with a decoration, a relief being embossed at least in the upper side (2), with the following steps: a) a decorative paper (3) is applied to the upper side and an overlay paper is applied to the decorative paper (3) as an abrasion-resistant layer (4), b) the underside (9) is provided with a balancing sheet (8), c) the structure spread in this way is fed to a short-cycle press (30) and pressed together under high pressure and high temperature,d) during pressing, the relief is formed as at least one strip-shaped depression (5) with two opposite side walls (5.1, 5.2) and one of these connecting bottom wall (5.3) is embossed into the top (2) with a depth (T), wherein before the application of the decorative paper (3): e) on the top (2) as a finishing agent a postforming resin or standard impregnating resin, the made more elastic by adding flexibilizers, andf) at least in the areas in which the relief is to be embossed, the upper side (2) is treated with superheated steam to achieve a surface temperature of 30 to 50°C.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Veredlung einer großformatig bereitgestellten Bauplatte, insbesondere MDF oder HDF, mit einer Oberseite und einer Unterseite, wobei mindestens in die Oberseite ein Relief eingeprägt wird, und anschließend auf die geprägte Oberseite der Bauplatte ein Dekor aufgebracht und das Dekor anschließend durch Aufbringen einer abriebfesten Schicht versiegelt wird.The invention relates to a method for finishing a large-format building board, in particular MDF or HDF, with an upper side and a lower side, with a relief being embossed at least in the upper side, and then a decoration being applied to the embossed upper side of the building board and the decoration then being carried out Application of an abrasion-resistant layer is sealed.
Ein solches Verfahren ist beispielsweise aus der
Die
Die
Derartige Bauplatten werden nach dem Veredeln in einzelne Paneele aufgeteilt und beispielsweise als Fußboden- oder als Wand- und Deckenpaneele verwendet und sind häufig mit einem Holz-, Stein- oder Fantasiedekor mit überlagerter, dreidimensionaler Oberfläche versehen. Die aufgeteilten Paneele weisen Verbindungsmittel (Nut und Feder) auf und sind meist mit Verriegelungsmitteln zum Verriegeln benachbarter Platten in horizontaler und vertikaler Richtung ausgestattet (sogenannte Klickpaneele). Durch die Überlagerung von Dekor und dreidimensionaler Oberfläche entsteht ein realistischer optischer und haptischer Eindruck des imitierten Werkstoffes.Such building panels are divided into individual panels after finishing and used, for example, as floor or wall and ceiling panels and are often provided with a wood, stone or fantasy decor with a superimposed, three-dimensional surface. The split panels have fasteners (tongue and groove) and are mostly provided with locking means for locking adjacent ones Panels equipped in horizontal and vertical direction (so-called click panels). The superimposition of decor and three-dimensional surface creates a realistic visual and tactile impression of the imitated material.
Insbesondere bei Fußbodenpaneelen ist bekannt, dass diese mindestens auf der Oberseite beschichtet sind und eine an das Dekor angepasste Struktur aufweisen. Eine solche Struktur wird als dekorsynchrone Struktur (embossed register) bezeichnet. Das Dekor liegt dabei entweder als eine auf die Trägerplatte aufkaschierte Papierlage oder als eine direkt auf die Trägerplatte aufgedruckte Farbschicht vor. Das Dekor ist zudem mit einer verschleißhemmenden Schicht versehen. Dazu werden entweder abriebfeste Papierlagen, sogenannte Overlays, oder nach dem Aushärten abriebfeste Lack- bzw. Harzschichten verwendet. Die dekorsynchrone Struktur liegt als eine dreidimensionale Oberflächenstruktur vor und wird mittels eines entsprechend dreidimensional strukturierten Pressblechs in die Plattenoberfläche eingeprägt. Dabei schmelzen und verlaufen die thermischen und unter Druck aktivierbaren Bestandteile der Beschichtung und füllen die dreidimensionale Strukturprägung unter Aushärtung aus. Die Struktur weist üblicherweise eine Höhe von bis zu 500 µm auf. Die Anzahl und die Tiefe der Strukturen sind zum einen durch die verfügbare Menge an aktivierbaren Bestandteilen und zum anderen durch die Presskraft begrenzt.In the case of floor panels in particular, it is known that these are coated at least on the upper side and have a structure that is matched to the decor. Such a structure is referred to as a decor-synchronous structure (embossed register). The decoration is present either as a layer of paper laminated onto the carrier board or as a layer of color printed directly onto the carrier board. The decor is also provided with a wear-resistant layer. For this purpose, either abrasion-resistant paper layers, so-called overlays, or, after curing, abrasion-resistant lacquer or resin layers are used. The decor-synchronous structure is available as a three-dimensional surface structure and is embossed into the panel surface by means of a correspondingly three-dimensionally structured pressing plate. The components of the coating that can be activated thermally and under pressure melt and run and fill out the three-dimensional structural embossing while curing. The structure usually has a height of up to 500 μm. The number and depth of the structures are limited on the one hand by the available quantity of activatable components and on the other hand by the pressing force.
Bei Laminatfußböden sind die Stoßkanten, an denen benachbarte Fußbodenpaneele aneinanderstoßen problematisch. Je nach Lichteinfall verursachen schon kleinste Höhenunterschiede optisch unschöne Schattenbildungen, die das Gesamtbild eines Fußbodens negativ beeinträchtigen. Durch den Kern aus Holzwerkstoff sind die Paneele außerdem feuchtigkeitsempfindlich. Auf dem Fußboden verschüttete Flüssigkeit muss schnellstmöglich weggewischt werden, um ein Eindringen der Flüssigkeit in die Verbindungsfuge zwischen den Stoßkanten zu vermeiden. Dringt Wasser ein, können sich die Holzfasern in der Trägerplatte ausdehnen und irreversible Quellungen erzeugen, da durch den Quelldruck des Holzes das Gefüge zerstört und/oder der Klebstoff partiell hydrolisiert wird. Aus diesem Grund ist es wichtig, dass schon bei der Herstellung der Paneele den späteren Stoßkanten eine besondere Aufmerksamkeit gewindet wird. Benachbarte Paneele sollen fest aneinander liegen können, es soll sich ein optisch gleichmäßiges Erscheinungsbild zu einem Fußboden verlegter Paneele ergeben und es muss Vorsorge getroffen werden, dass verschüttete Flüssigkeit nicht sofort in die Verbindungsfugen fließen kann.With laminate floors, the abutting edges where adjacent floor panels abut are problematic. Depending on the incidence of light, even the smallest differences in height cause unsightly shadows that negatively affect the overall appearance of a floor. Due to the wood core, the panels are also sensitive to moisture. Liquid spilled on the floor must be wiped up as soon as possible to prevent the liquid from penetrating into the joint between the butt edges. If water penetrates, the wood fibers in the carrier board can expand and cause irreversible swelling, since the structure is destroyed by the swelling pressure of the wood and/or the adhesive is partially hydrolyzed. For this reason, it is important that special attention is paid to the later butt edges during the production of the panels. Adjacent panels should be able to lie firmly against each other, there should be an optically even appearance to a floor laid panels and care must be taken that spilled liquid can not immediately flow into the connecting joints.
Die
In der
Die
Von dieser Problemstellung ausgehend soll das eingangsbeschriebene Verfahren entsprechend verbessert werden.Based on this problem, the method described at the outset is to be improved accordingly.
Um die vorgenannten Nachteile zu vermeiden, wird bei einem gattungsgemäßen Verfahren erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen, dass folgende Schritte durchgeführt werden:
- a) auf die Oberseite wird ein Vergütungsmittel aufgetragen,
- b) zumindest in den Bereichen, in denen das Relief geprägt werden soll, wird die Oberseite zur Erreichung einer Oberflächentemperatur von 30 bis 50 °C mit Heißdampf behandelt,
- c) nach der Heißdampfbehandlung wird auf die Oberseite ein Dekorpapier und auf das Dekorpapier ein Overlaypapier aufgebracht,
- d) die Unterseite wird mit einem Gegenzug versehen,
- e) der so verbreitete Aufbau wird einer Kurztaktpresse zugeführt und unter hohem Druck und hoher Temperatur miteinander verpresst,
- f) während des Verpressens wird das Relief als mindestens eine streifenförmig ausgebildete Vertiefung mit zwei gegenüberliegenden Seitenwandungen und einer diese verbindenden Bodenwandung in die Oberseite mit einer Tiefe eingeprägt.
- a) a coating agent is applied to the upper side,
- b) at least in the areas in which the relief is to be embossed, the upper side is treated with superheated steam to achieve a surface temperature of 30 to 50 °C,
- c) after the superheated steam treatment, a decorative paper is applied to the upper side and an overlay paper is applied to the decorative paper,
- d) the underside is provided with a backing,
- e) the structure that is so widespread is fed into a short-cycle press and pressed together under high pressure and high temperature,
- f) during pressing, the relief is embossed as at least one strip-shaped depression with two opposite side walls and a bottom wall connecting them into the top with a depth.
Entlang der geprägten Vertiefungen erfolgt später die Aufteilung der großformatigen Platte in einzelne Paneele. Durch die geprägten Vertiefungen ist dann die Oberseite an den Seitenkanten abgesenkt. Die Stoßkanten aneinander angrenzender Paneele liegen gegenüber der Oberseite also tiefer. Höhenversatz kann in einem solchen Fall keine Schattenbildung verursachen, die optisch auffällt, weil alle Stoßfugen abgesenkt sind. Durch eine entsprechende Kantenprofilierung kann eine feste Verbindung zwischen benachbarten Paneelen erzielt werden, wodurch das zu schnelle Eindringen von Flüssigkeit in die Stoßfuge wirksam vermieden wird.The large-format panel is later divided into individual panels along the embossed indentations. The upper side is then lowered at the side edges by the embossed indentations. The abutting edges of adjacent panels are therefore lower than the upper side. In such a case, height offset cannot cause any shadows that are visually noticeable because all butt joints are lowered. Appropriate edge profiling can achieve a firm connection between adjacent panels, which effectively prevents liquid from penetrating too quickly into the butt joint.
Um die Seitenkanten der Paneele umlaufend absenken zu können, wird vorzugsweise mindestens eine weitere in einen Winkel quer zu der mindestens einen Vertiefung verlaufende Vertiefung eingeprägt. Bevorzugt werden auch hier eine Mehrzahl quer laufender Vertiefungen eingeprägt, entlang derer die Aufteilung der Paneele dann in Querrichtung erfolgen kann.In order to be able to lower the side edges of the panels all the way around, at least one further depression running at an angle transversely to the at least one depression is preferably embossed. Here, too, a plurality of transverse depressions are preferably embossed, along which the panels can then be divided in the transverse direction.
Wenn als Bauplatte eine MDF- oder HDF-Platte verwendet wird, ist vorgesehen, dass deren Rohdichteprofil (Verlauf der Dichte über den Querschnitt der Platte) gegenüber einem üblichen Rohdichteprofil, wie es beispielsweise aus der
Durch das Vergütungsmittel wird erreicht, dass die zuvor reduzierte Rohdichte an der Oberseite (in der Deckschicht) wieder erhöht wird, um ausreichende Festigkeitseigenschaften an den späteren Paneelen zu erzielen.The treatment agent ensures that the previously reduced bulk density on the upper side (in the top layer) is increased again in order to achieve sufficient strength properties on the later panels.
Beim Prägen der mindestens einen Vertiefung stellt sich eine Oberflächentemperatur von bis zu 220°C ein.A surface temperature of up to 220° C. occurs when the at least one indentation is embossed.
Sofern gewünscht, können unter das Dekorpapier eine oder mehrere Papierlagen als Underlay aufgebracht werden. Diese Papierlagen sind wie das Dekorpapier mit einem Melaminharz getränkt.If desired, one or more layers of paper can be applied as an underlay under the decorative paper. Like the decorative paper, these paper layers are impregnated with a melamine resin.
Das auf die Oberseite aufgetragene Vergütungsmittel (Melaminharz) fixiert beim Verpressen und Aushärten den verdichteten Faserkuchen und erhöht die Rohdichte in der Deckschicht.The finishing agent (melamine resin) applied to the top fixes the compressed fiber cake during pressing and curing and increases the bulk density in the top layer.
Die Tiefe der mindestens einen Vertiefung beträgt vorzugsweise bis zu 0,7 mm und kann insbesondere abgestuft sein, sodass die Bodenwandung stufenförmig ausgebildet ist. In einem solchen Fall werden mehrere erste Pressschritte mit unterschiedlichen Presstiefen durchgeführt.The depth of the at least one indentation is preferably up to 0.7 mm and can in particular be graduated, so that the bottom wall is designed in a stepped manner. In such a case, several first pressing steps are carried out with different pressing depths.
Um die Bauplatte während der anschließenden weiteren Bearbeitungsschritte ausrichten zu können, können auf das Dekorpapier dort, wo es in den Bodenwandungen der mindestens einen Vertiefung zur Anlage gelangt Markierungen aufgedruckt sein, die aus Linien, Kreisen, Punkten, Kreuzen oder sonstigen grafischen Zeichen bestehen können. Bevorzugt werden Linien verwendet. Anstelle aufgedruckter Markierungen können während des Verpressens auch Markierungen geprägt werden, die als matte oder glänzende Bereiche bzw. geometrische Figuren mit Hilfe des oberen Pressblechs auf die Bauplatte übertragen werden. Solche Markierungen können auch am Rand des Dekorpapiers vorgesehen sein, sodass sie sich am äußeren Rand der beschichteten Bauplatte befinden.In order to be able to align the building board during the subsequent further processing steps, markings, which can consist of lines, circles, dots, crosses or other graphic symbols, can be printed on the decorative paper where it comes to rest in the bottom walls of the at least one depression. Lines are preferred. Instead of printed markings, markings can also be embossed during pressing, which are matte or shiny areas or geometric figures using the upper Pressing sheet to be transferred to the building board. Such markings can also be provided on the edge of the decorative paper, so that they are on the outer edge of the coated building board.
In die Oberseite kann zusätzlich über das obere Pressblech eine Struktur eingeprägt werden, die zumindest teilweise synchron zum Dekor verläuft, was in der Fachsprache "embossed register" genannt wird.In addition, a structure can be embossed into the upper side via the upper press plate, which structure runs at least partially synchronously with the decor, which is called "embossed register" in technical jargon.
Mit Hilfe einer Zeichnung soll ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung nachfolgend näher beschrieben werden. Es zeigen:
- Figur 1 -
- eine perspektivische Teildarstellung einer großformatigen Bauplatte;
- Figur 2 -
- die Draufsicht auf die
Bauplatte nach Figur 1 ; - Figur 3 -
- eine schematische Teildarstellung vor dem zweiten Prägeschritt;
- Figur 4 -
- eine vergrößerte Teildarstellung während des zweiten Prägeschrittes;
- Figur 5 -
- eine schematische Darstellung der in der Kurztaktpresse befindlichen Bauplatte;
- Figur 6 -
- ein übliches Rohdichteprofil einer HDF-Platte;
- Figur 7 -
- das Rohdichteprofil einer ersten großformatigen Bauplatte;
- Figur 8 -
- das Rohdichteprofil einer zweiten großformatigen Bauplatte;
- Figure 1 -
- a partial perspective view of a large-format building board;
- Figure 2 -
- the top view of the building board
figure 1 ; - Figure 3 -
- a schematic partial representation before the second embossing step;
- Figure 4 -
- an enlarged partial view during the second embossing step;
- Figure 5 -
- a schematic representation of the building board located in the short-cycle press;
- Figure 6 -
- a typical bulk density profile of an HDF board;
- Figure 7 -
- the bulk density profile of a first large format building panel;
- Figure 8 -
- the bulk density profile of a second large format building panel;
Ausgangsbasis ist eine großformatige HDF-Platte mit einer Länge von 2.800 mm oder 1.860 mm, einer Breite von 2.070 mm und einer Dicke von 7 mm bis 14 mm. Die Rohdichte ist gegenüber einer üblichen HDF-Platte abgesenkt wie ein Vergleich der
Die HDF-Platte kann pressblank, also mit der kompletten Presshaut zur Verfügung gestellt werden. Vorzugsweise wird die Presshaut aber bis auf eine Dicke von etwa 0,3 mm abgeschliffen, um die Deckschicht zunächst bewusst "schwach auszubilden".The HDF board can be supplied blank, i.e. with the complete pressed skin. Preferably, however, the pressed skin is ground down to a thickness of about 0.3 mm in order to initially deliberately “make the top layer weak”.
Zunächst werden als ein Vergütungsmittel 10 bis 50 g/m2, vorzugsweise 30 g/m2 wässriges Melaminharz aufgetragen. Dabei kann es sich um ein Standard-Tränkharz mit einem Feststoffanteil von 50 bis 65 Gew.%, vorzugsweise 60 Gew.% handeln. Neben Wasser als Lösemittel können weitere Zusätze, wie Härter, Netzmittel und ähnliches in der Rezeptur vorhanden sein. Alternativ können als Vergütungsmittel auch UF-Harz oder in Mischungen UF- und Melaminharz verwendet werden. Entweder handelt es sich um ein Postforming Harz oder ein Standard-Tränkharz, das durch Zugabe von Flexibilisierungsmitteln (z. B. 1,4-Butandiol, Caprolactam, Polyglycol usw.) elastischer eingestellt ist. Eine nachträgliche Zugabe des Elastifizierungsmittels sollte in einer Größenordnung von etwa 3 bis 7 Gew.% erfolgen. Um Vertiefungen 5, 6 in die Oberseite 2 der Bauplatte 1 einprägen zu können, wird diese anschließend auf eine Temperatur von 30°C bis 50°C mittels Auftrags von 10 bis 30 g/m2 Wasserdampf erwärmt.First, 10 to 50 g/m 2 , preferably 30 g/m 2 , of aqueous melamine resin are applied as a finishing agent. This can be a standard impregnating resin with a solids content of 50 to 65% by weight, preferably 60% by weight. In addition to water as a solvent, other additives such as hardeners, wetting agents and the like can be present in the recipe. Alternatively, UF resin or mixtures of UF and melamine resin can also be used as a tempering agent. It is either a postforming resin or a standard impregnating resin that is made more elastic by adding flexibilizers (e.g. 1,4-butanediol, caprolactam, polyglycol, etc.). Subsequent addition of the elasticizing agent should be on the order of about 3 to 7% by weight. In order to be able to emboss
Nach dieser Vorbehandlung werden auf die Oberseite 2 ggf. ein oder mehrere harzgetränkte Papierlagen als Underlay 4.1 (vgl.
Anschließend wird an die Unterseite 9 der Bauplatte 1 ein Gegenzug 8 und auf das Dekorpapier 3 ein Overlaypapier 4 als abriebfeste Schicht aufgelegt. Dieser Aufbau wird dann einer Kurztaktpresse 30 zugeführt, deren oberes Pressblech 31 mit leistenförmigen Erhöhungen 32 versehen ist. Über die Markierungen 7 und ein Kamerasystem wird die Bauplatte 1 ausgerichtet, sodass die Erhöhungen 32 beim Verpressen des Aufbaus die Vertiefungen 5, 6 prägen und dabei parallele und plane Seitenwandungen 5.1, 5.2 und die Bodenwandung 5.3 ausbilden. Zwischen den leistenförmigen Erhöhungen 32 kann das Pressblech 31 mit einer Gravur versehen sein, über die beim Verpressen in die Oberseite des Overlays eine Struktur eingeprägt wird, die zumindest teilweise synchron zu dem Dekor ausgerichtet ist (embossed register).A
Die Presszeit in der Kurztaktpresse 30 beträgt zwischen 10 und 30 Sekunden, vorzugsweise 12 bis 15 Sekunden, in denen die Harze aufschmelzen und sich mit der Bauplatte 1 verbinden. Die Temperatur der Pressbleche 31, 33 beträgt bis zu 200°C. Der Druckverlauf erfolgt dabei ausgehend von einer Druckaufbauphase in eine Haltephase und eine Druckabbauphase übergehend. Die Prägetiefe T wird dabei im Sinne einer Wegsteuerung erfolgen.The pressing time in the short-
Für eine sinnvolle Ausgestaltung müssen mindestens zwei in Längsrichtung L und zwei in Querrichtung Q Vertiefungen 5, 6 geprägt werden, damit die Seitenkanten der aufgeteilten Paneele alle abgesenkt sind.For a meaningful design, at least two
- 11
- Bauplattebuild plate
- 22
- Oberseitetop
- 33
- Dekordecor
- 44
- abriebfeste Schicht / Overlaypapierabrasion resistant layer / overlay paper
- 4.14.1
- Underlayunderlay
- 55
- Vertiefungdeepening
- 5.15.1
- Seitenwandungsidewall
- 5.25.2
- Seitenwandungsidewall
- 5.35.3
- Bodenwandungbottom wall
- 66
- Vertiefungdeepening
- 77
- Markierungmark
- 7.17.1
- Kreisecircles
- 7.27.2
- KreuzCross
- 7.37.3
- Linieline
- 7.47.4
- Strichdash
- 88th
- Gegenzugreturn
- 99
- Unterseitebottom
- 3030
- Kurztaktpresseshort-cycle press
- 3131
- oberes Pressblechupper press plate
- 3232
- leistenförmige Erhöhungbar-shaped elevation
- 3333
- unteres Pressblechlower press plate
- αa
- Winkelangle
- LL
- Längsrichtunglongitudinal direction
- Querrichtungtransverse direction
- TT
- Tiefedepth
Claims (15)
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP22208390.9A EP4159470B1 (en) | 2018-06-08 | 2018-06-08 | Method for refining a building panel |
ES22208390T ES2973121T3 (en) | 2018-06-08 | 2018-06-08 | Construction board finishing procedure |
PL22208390.9T PL4159470T3 (en) | 2018-06-08 | 2018-06-08 | Method for refining a building panel |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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EP22208390.9A EP4159470B1 (en) | 2018-06-08 | 2018-06-08 | Method for refining a building panel |
EP18176818.5A EP3578383B1 (en) | 2018-06-08 | 2018-06-08 | Method for refining a building panel |
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EP18176818.5A Division-Into EP3578383B1 (en) | 2018-06-08 | 2018-06-08 | Method for refining a building panel |
EP18176818.5A Division EP3578383B1 (en) | 2018-06-08 | 2018-06-08 | Method for refining a building panel |
Publications (3)
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EP4159470A1 true EP4159470A1 (en) | 2023-04-05 |
EP4159470B1 EP4159470B1 (en) | 2023-12-06 |
EP4159470C0 EP4159470C0 (en) | 2023-12-06 |
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EP18176818.5A Active EP3578383B1 (en) | 2018-06-08 | 2018-06-08 | Method for refining a building panel |
EP22208390.9A Active EP4159470B1 (en) | 2018-06-08 | 2018-06-08 | Method for refining a building panel |
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EP18176818.5A Active EP3578383B1 (en) | 2018-06-08 | 2018-06-08 | Method for refining a building panel |
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EP (2) | EP3578383B1 (en) |
ES (2) | ES2952870T3 (en) |
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Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102008008240A1 (en) | 2008-02-08 | 2009-08-20 | Flooring Technologies Ltd. | Building board manufacturing method for floor panel, involves forming decorative layer on core, spraying water on core upper side, forming synthetic resin layer and pressing core with pressing plate |
EP2106903A1 (en) | 2008-02-22 | 2009-10-07 | Hermes Schleifkörper GmbH | Method for scattering friction-inhibiting materials and accompanying device |
EP1820640B1 (en) | 2006-02-21 | 2010-05-26 | Flooring Technologies Ltd. | Method for refining a structural panel |
EP2905135A2 (en) * | 2014-02-05 | 2015-08-12 | Dirk Dammers | Method for manufacturing a panel |
EP3059020A1 (en) | 2015-02-23 | 2016-08-24 | Flooring Technologies Ltd. | Method for manufacturing a composite wood board, in particular a composite wood board with a decoration layer |
WO2016180643A1 (en) | 2015-05-11 | 2016-11-17 | Fritz Egger Gmbh & Co. Og | Method for producing panels having recesses |
EP3023261B1 (en) | 2014-11-20 | 2017-03-15 | Flooring Technologies Ltd. | Method for finishing a wooden material panel |
-
2018
- 2018-06-08 EP EP18176818.5A patent/EP3578383B1/en active Active
- 2018-06-08 ES ES18176818T patent/ES2952870T3/en active Active
- 2018-06-08 PL PL22208390.9T patent/PL4159470T3/en unknown
- 2018-06-08 EP EP22208390.9A patent/EP4159470B1/en active Active
- 2018-06-08 ES ES22208390T patent/ES2973121T3/en active Active
- 2018-06-08 PL PL18176818.5T patent/PL3578383T3/en unknown
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1820640B1 (en) | 2006-02-21 | 2010-05-26 | Flooring Technologies Ltd. | Method for refining a structural panel |
DE102008008240A1 (en) | 2008-02-08 | 2009-08-20 | Flooring Technologies Ltd. | Building board manufacturing method for floor panel, involves forming decorative layer on core, spraying water on core upper side, forming synthetic resin layer and pressing core with pressing plate |
EP2106903A1 (en) | 2008-02-22 | 2009-10-07 | Hermes Schleifkörper GmbH | Method for scattering friction-inhibiting materials and accompanying device |
EP2905135A2 (en) * | 2014-02-05 | 2015-08-12 | Dirk Dammers | Method for manufacturing a panel |
EP3023261B1 (en) | 2014-11-20 | 2017-03-15 | Flooring Technologies Ltd. | Method for finishing a wooden material panel |
EP3059020A1 (en) | 2015-02-23 | 2016-08-24 | Flooring Technologies Ltd. | Method for manufacturing a composite wood board, in particular a composite wood board with a decoration layer |
WO2016180643A1 (en) | 2015-05-11 | 2016-11-17 | Fritz Egger Gmbh & Co. Og | Method for producing panels having recesses |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP3578383B1 (en) | 2023-06-07 |
EP3578383C0 (en) | 2023-06-07 |
PL3578383T3 (en) | 2023-10-16 |
PL4159470T3 (en) | 2024-04-15 |
ES2973121T3 (en) | 2024-06-18 |
EP4159470B1 (en) | 2023-12-06 |
EP3578383A1 (en) | 2019-12-11 |
EP4159470C0 (en) | 2023-12-06 |
ES2952870T3 (en) | 2023-11-06 |
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