EP4143597A1 - Procédé d'aide à la localisation d'au moins un élément englouti au sein d'une zone prédéterminée de recherche, système et équipement électronique associés - Google Patents
Procédé d'aide à la localisation d'au moins un élément englouti au sein d'une zone prédéterminée de recherche, système et équipement électronique associésInfo
- Publication number
- EP4143597A1 EP4143597A1 EP21720784.4A EP21720784A EP4143597A1 EP 4143597 A1 EP4143597 A1 EP 4143597A1 EP 21720784 A EP21720784 A EP 21720784A EP 4143597 A1 EP4143597 A1 EP 4143597A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- search
- patroller
- drone
- patrollers
- predetermined
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
- G01S5/0009—Transmission of position information to remote stations
- G01S5/0018—Transmission from mobile station to base station
- G01S5/0027—Transmission from mobile station to base station of actual mobile position, i.e. position determined on mobile
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
- B64C39/00—Aircraft not otherwise provided for
- B64C39/02—Aircraft not otherwise provided for characterised by special use
- B64C39/024—Aircraft not otherwise provided for characterised by special use of the remote controlled vehicle type, i.e. RPV
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D1/00—Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
- G05D1/02—Control of position or course in two dimensions
- G05D1/021—Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles
- G05D1/0287—Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles involving a plurality of land vehicles, e.g. fleet or convoy travelling
- G05D1/0291—Fleet control
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D1/00—Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
- G05D1/60—Intended control result
- G05D1/69—Coordinated control of the position or course of two or more vehicles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64U—UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
- B64U2101/00—UAVs specially adapted for particular uses or applications
- B64U2101/30—UAVs specially adapted for particular uses or applications for imaging, photography or videography
- B64U2101/32—UAVs specially adapted for particular uses or applications for imaging, photography or videography for cartography or topography
Definitions
- TITLE Method of helping to locate at least one submerged element within a predetermined search area, associated system and electronic equipment
- the present invention relates to a method for assisting in the location of at least one submerged element within a predetermined search area, the method being implemented by a location aid system comprising at least a plurality of patrollers.
- the invention also relates to a system for helping to locate at least one submerged element within a predetermined search area, the system comprising at least a plurality of patrollers.
- the invention also relates to electronic equipment for assisting in the location of at least one submerged element within a predetermined search area, said equipment being suitable for being worn by at least one patroller of the plurality of patrollers of the system. aforementioned location assistance.
- the invention relates to the field of locating a submerged (i.e. disappeared) element, the search for which is required or even vital.
- submerged element is meant an element buried, buried or submerged by the environment and therefore invisible to the naked eye.
- such an element corresponds in particular to a victim or to a group of victims engulfed (ie buried) under the snow following an avalanche flow, to a victim or to a group of shipwreck victims, to a individual in a crowd, aircraft debris following a crash scattered in a difficult to access area, anti-personnel artisanal mines, etc.
- an intervention team is generally mobilized in the identified search area.
- the intervention team uses an avalanche victim detector DVA (or AVD) to search for one or more avalanche victims.
- DVA avalanche victim detector
- ARVA ARVA for avalanche victim search device when the victim (s) are equipped
- RECCO® detector when the victims are equipped with the corresponding RECCO® reflectors
- more simply a snow probe and a snow shovel to extract the victim (s) once detected, by walking through the search area corresponding to the avalanche flow which is also costly in time, the rescuers moving on foot, and most often hampered by the configuration of the research field covered.
- the aim of the invention is to remedy the drawbacks of the state of the art by proposing an accelerated and optimized method of locating compared to the current methods of locating such submerged elements while increasing the safety of the intervention team. .
- the subject of the invention is a method for assisting in the location of at least one submerged element within a predetermined search area, the method being implemented by a location aid system.
- a location aid system comprising at least a plurality of patrollers, at least a first patroller corresponding to a drone, the method comprising at least the following steps:
- a search strategy is systematically and rapidly obtained that is suited to the search area to be processed, corresponding to the geographical location where the searched element is presumed to have been swallowed up.
- the implementation by a drone (ie without human intervention) of a rallying of the search area, the determination of its topography and the organization of the search by division of the search area into plots and allocation of these plots saves valuable time while maintaining the safety of human rescuers.
- the method according to the present invention is then particularly advantageous for accelerating the location of the sought-after submerged element, such as a victim buried in snow, the steps carried out by the drone (s) having joined the search zone being carried out. before or at least in parallel with the only human rallying so that once the human patrollers are on site, the research is already organized and completely adapted to the research environment, the route of each patroller, human as drone, being planned and optimized.
- the method according to the present invention is advantageously based on inter-patroller collaboration (ie cooperation) by periodic communication in order, for example, to accelerate the triangulation of the reporting of a submerged element corresponding for example to an avalanche victim. .
- the method for assisting in the location of at least one submerged element within a predetermined search area comprises one or more of the following characteristics, taken in isolation or in all combinations technically possible:
- the drone implementing the determination of the topography is a drone dedicated at least temporarily to the coordination of research, and corresponds to a predetermined drone of said plurality of patrollers, to the drone having the best topology for transmitting data in the direction from each of the other patrollers, or to the first drone to rally said predetermined search zone;
- the drone dedicated at least temporarily to coordinating the search is suitable for sharing the topography determination processing with other drones from the plurality of patrollers, having also joined the predetermined search area and carriers of at minus one lidar;
- each research plot is associated with a route plan for said plot, each route plan being based on the calculation of a shorter path to browse the associated plot as a function of at least one element belonging to the group comprising at least :
- the plurality of patrollers further comprises at least one second patroller corresponding to an operator carrying electronic equipment, the electronic equipment comprising at least one display and manual input module and being able to communicate with each patroller of said plurality of patrollers and to detect said at least one submerged element, and in which the calculation, associated with the division into plots and their allocation, is suitable for being distributed, by the drone dedicated, at least temporarily, to the coordination of the search, between a set of drones belonging to the plurality of patrollers and said at least one piece of electronic equipment;
- a predetermined probability of success in locating said at least one submerged element is associated with each parcel according to the nature of the submerged element and / or the topology of the environment of the predetermined search area suitable for covering said element engulfed, the search being prioritized in the plot (s) associated with the highest probability;
- the subject of the invention is also a system for helping to locate at least one submerged element within a predetermined search area, the system comprising at least a plurality of patrollers, at least a first patroller corresponding to a drone configured for:
- each patroller of the location assistance system being specific to:
- the subject of the invention is also electronic equipment for assisting in the localization of at least one submerged element within a predetermined search area, said equipment being suitable for being worn by at least one patroller of the plurality of patrollers. of the aforementioned localization aid system, the electronic equipment comprising at least:
- a communication module configured to periodically communicate with the plurality of patrollers
- a search module configured to detect said at least one submerged element
- a display and manual entry module configured to display at least the status of the current search and / or the search route assigned to the patroller and to enter at least one request and / or state of said patroller.
- Figure 1 is a flowchart of a method of assisting in the location of at least one submerged element according to the present invention
- Figures 2 and 3 illustrate two steps of the process according to Figure 1 applied to the search for an avalanche victim;
- Figure 4 is also associated with an avalanche victim search application and illustrates an example of calculating the coverage of the predetermined search area
- Figures 5 and 6 illustrate two steps of the method according to Figure 1 applied to the search for an avalanche victim
- Figure 7 is also associated with an avalanche victim search application and illustrates different positions of an avalanche victim detector buried under the snow;
- FIG. 8 is also associated with a search application for an avalanche victim and illustrates different flight plan of a search plot according to the number of drone (s) assigned to the search on this plot;
- Figure 9 is also associated with an avalanche victim search application and illustrates a reconfiguration of the search plots.
- FIG. 1 an example of a flowchart of the method 10 for assisting in the location of at least one submerged element according to the present invention is shown.
- a location assistance system an example of which is illustrated subsequently in relation to the following figures 2 to 9, the system comprising at least a plurality of patrollers, at least a first patroller corresponding to a drone.
- drone is meant a vehicle without a pilot on board, from the English “Unmanned Vehicle”, and depending on the search area and the type of element engulfed, such a drone is a vehicle. moving in space, in the air, on land, on water or even under water.
- an underwater drone or UUV standing for “Unmanned Underwater Vehicle” without a “human” pilot. board is suitable for use according to the present invention and may correspond to a first type of underwater drone, called ROV from the English “Remoteiy Operated Underwater Vehicle”, piloted remotely, for example by a control station via a cable , known as a leash or to a second type of underwater drone, called AUV, from the English “Autonomous Underwater Vehicle”, able to steer autonomously (ie without human remote control) by determining the assembly itself. trips to be made.
- ROV first type of underwater drone
- AUV second type of underwater drone
- a drone corresponding to an autonomous flying motorized device i.e. an aircraft
- an autonomous flying motorized device i.e. an aircraft
- UAV drone from the English Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
- a submerged item such as a victim or group of victims engulfed in snow as a result of an avalanche flow, a victim or group of shipwreck victim, an individual, including dangerous, in a crowd, anti-personnel artisanal mines, etc.
- such drones are in particular equipped (i.e. carriers) with a sensor or detector suitable for the type of submerged element sought.
- a sensor or detector suitable for the type of submerged element sought.
- a sensor corresponds to: one or a set of shape recognition camera (s) for identifying a sought-after individual in a crowd or even aircraft debris in areas difficult to access, and / or a lidar to search for anti-personnel artisanal mines by detecting singular areas of land, etc.
- the location assistance method 10 comprises the rallying R of the predetermined search area by at least said drone.
- the drone (s) arrive (s) autonomously in the intervention sector corresponding to their mission.
- said at least one drone implements the determination of the TOPO topography of the predetermined search area, in particular by means of a topography device of which it is the carrier, such a topography device making it possible to obtain a three-dimensional 3D representation of the search area.
- the drone implementing the determination of the topography is a drone dedicated at least temporarily to the coordination of research, and corresponds to a predetermined drone of said plurality of patrollers, to a drone arbitrarily selected within the plurality of patrollers, to the drone exhibiting the best data transmission topology in the direction of each of the other patrollers, or even to the first drone to rally said predetermined search area.
- Such a coordination drone has at least temporarily a coordination token representative of its coordination role within the localization assistance system, namely defining the missions of each patroller.
- the drone dedicated at least temporarily to coordinating the search is suitable for sharing the topography determination processing with other drones from the plurality of patrollers, having also joined the predetermined search area and carriers of the topography.
- at least one lidar standing for “light detection and ranging”, a remote measurement technique based on the analysis of the properties of a light beam returned to its emitter.
- the research coordination drone distributes areas whose topography is to be determined according to the number of drone (s) having, for example, a lidar. The geographic coordinates of these areas are sent to each drone with a lidar.
- said at least one drone determines from the topography, regions of the predetermined search area having radio coverage below a predetermined threshold, and as a function of these regions, determines the location relay patroller (s) (DET - RPL) of said plurality of patrollers, a relay patroller participating in maximizing the radio coverage of the whole of the predetermined search area.
- the research coordination drone synthesizes the topography of the terrain and establishes the areas not covered in terms of communication network by considering several drones located at the same altitude, and then calculates several points relay. These relay points allow drones to modify their altitude by rising, for example, to thus allow maximum coverage of the search area.
- said at least one drone implements a division 20 (SUBDIV) of the predetermined search area into search plots as a function of the topography and the search capabilities of each patroller of the aid system. location, and an A 22 assignment of each search plot to at least one patroller of the location assistance system.
- a search parcel according to the present invention is a subset (a sub-division) of the search area which results from an optimized division thereof.
- the coordination drone calculates the different search plots, for example using a shortest path algorithm as detailed below, and transmits to each of the patrollers the affected plots, the topography and the relay points, then itself becomes a search drone if its equipment allows it.
- this step 18 further comprises the association 21 of a predetermined probability FP of success in locating said at least one engulfed element with each parcel according to the nature of the engulfed element and / or the topology. the environment of the predetermined search area suitable for covering said submerged element, the search being prioritized in the parcel (s) associated with the highest probability.
- the search S for said at least one element engulfed in each search parcel, is implemented by the at least patroller assigned to said parcel.
- a periodic inter-patroller communication COM is implemented at least until said at least one submerged element is located.
- each patroller in particular each patrolling drone, receives the same information in real time, which in particular allows a drone to hold one or more distinct roles at different times of the mission and depending on the circumstances.
- each step of the method 10 according to the present invention is described in more detail in relation to FIGS. 2 to 9, for an application in the search for avalanche victim (s), such application remaining transposable to the other examples of submerged elements described above.
- flying drones ie aircraft are preferably used to carry out a search mission for victims buried under a snow avalanche, and carry an ARVA / DVA. and / or a RECCO® detector to detect the corresponding signal emitted by a victim carrying such an ARVA / DVA or RECCO® reflectors.
- a avalanche victim detector avalanche transceiver or ARVA is a transceiver to be worn under clothing which allows, in the transmission position, to be found. under a casting, and in reception position to find a victim.
- ARVAs / DVAs have a transmission frequency of 457 kHz.
- the RECCO® is a passive system.
- the skier carries on him small reflector plates in which are integrated a copper antenna and a diode. No battery, no battery.
- the emergency services use the RECCO® detector emitting at a frequency that the reflector will send back to it doubled.
- the plurality of patrollers of the location assistance system comprises on the one hand one or even preferably a fleet of flying drones (ie. aircraft) and on the other hand a second type of ground patroller (s) corresponding to a human rescuer (ie human operator) and / or to a ground robot participating in the search, the rescuer and / or the robot being the carrier of new electronic equipment E called hereinafter for example AVDALD (from the English Avalanche Victim Detector Aircraft Link Device).
- AVDALD new electronic equipment
- such electronic equipment comprises at least one man-machine interface and is able to communicate, via a transceiver, with each patroller of said plurality of patrollers and to detect said at least one submerged element, corresponding here to an avalanche victim, via an avalanche transceiver and / or a RECCO® detector.
- the electronic equipment E also called AVDALD, is suitable for being routed by air to search zone 28 (i.e. emergency zone) by one or more drones of the location assistance system.
- search zone 28 i.e. emergency zone
- the flying drone (s) and equipment (s) ) AVDALD electronic (s) are configured on the ground or in flight with in particular: the geographical position of the search area, the total number of patrollers participating in the search, this number including the number of flying drones and the number of rescuers on the ground , this number being updated throughout the mission, the role of the patroller, whether a flying drone or a first aid on the ground (human or robot on the ground) carrying AVDALD equipment, namely for example the role coordination of research.
- the patroller whether a drone or carrying an AVDALD equipment, know in real time, their position, their autonomy, their condition and the state of their on-board equipment, the topography of the terrain, the state and position of other drones (ie aircraft), their flight plan.
- FIG. 2 illustrates the second step 14 of determining the TOPO topography of the predetermined search zone 28 corresponding here to a mountain zone where an avalanche flow has taken place and buried potential victims.
- the flying drone 30 of FIG. 2 is dedicated at least temporarily to coordinating the search, and corresponds to a predetermined drone of said plurality of patrollers, or is the first drone to join said predetermined search zone 28.
- the coordination drone 30 quantifies the size of the patrol of research drones by analyzing the equipment present in complete autonomy, that is to say without a prior parameterization of the number of patrollers being carried out before take off.
- the topography (ie the three-dimensional mapping), of the search zone 28 for victims is (are) carried out during this step 14 thanks to a survey 32, and this before the launch of the search step 24 S of victims.
- a step is implemented by the coordination drone 30 equipped with a lidar L making it possible to specifically establish the topography of the avalanche flow zone 28, the topography of this zone 28 having changed due to the avalanche and not being known in advance.
- step 26 of periodic inter-patroller communication COM such a topography is transmitted to all the research drones and AVDALD constituting the plurality of patrollers mobilized for the research.
- Figures 3, 4 and 5 illustrate different aspects of step 18 implemented by the coordination drone 30 comprising a division 20 (illustrated by Figure 3), of the predetermined search area 28 into search plots P1, P2 , P3, P4, P5, P6, P7, P9 and P10 depending on the topography and search capabilities of each patroller of the location assistance system, and an assignment 22 (illustrated by Figure 5) of each plot search to at least one patroller of the location assistance system.
- the division 20 illustrated by FIG. 3 is carried out taking into account the total number of patrollers participating in the research, this number comprising the number of flying drones and the number of rescuers on the ground (of the human rescuer and / or robot type on the ground) and also as a function of the predetermined search zone 28, its topography and advantageously the current aerology (ie at a current instant).
- each research parcel is associated with a route plan of said parcel, each route plan being based on the calculation of a shorter path to travel the associated parcel, as a function of at least one element belonging to the group comprising at least the capacities of the patroller to which said parcel is assigned, the type of detector carried by said patroller, the topology of the terrain, the current aerology.
- the predetermined search area 28 is divided by the coordination drone 30 into N plots with N integer, N depending on the number of flying search drones.
- the predetermined search area 28 is cut out by the coordination drone 30, and each affected parcel is sent to the various search drones in the form of a route plan of this parcel corresponding to a flight plan.
- each plot obtained is associated with a flight plan.
- This flight plan is optimized by a shorter path algorithm based on the capabilities of each flying drone (i.e. aircraft), their sensor, the topology of the terrain and, advantageously, the aerology. This flight plan takes into account the topology so that each flying drone is always visible to at least one other flying drone to transmit its data.
- the area search is divided into plots taking into account the skills of the first aid worker (s).
- a plot reserved for the search for victims by one or more human first aid (s) on the ground is delimited according to his (their) physical abilities and the relief to be covered.
- smaller and more easily accessible plots are for example allocated to human rescuers, more difficult to access and larger areas are allocated to flying drones.
- step 18 further comprises the association 21 of a predetermined probability FP of success in locating avalanche victim (s) with each plot as a function of the topology of the avalanche deduced from the topography determined previously, the research being prioritized in the plot (s) associated with the highest probability.
- the division 20 into plots and their allocation are optimized according to the probabilities of finding victims according to the typology of the avalanche flow, these probabilities being predetermined coming for example from a statistical processing of a database collecting the various rescue interventions for past avalanche victim (s).
- the research is for example prioritized on the plots P1 to P7 of high probability constituting the set 33 then on those with low probability P9 and P10.
- FIG. 4 illustrates an example of calculation of the coverage of the predetermined search area necessary for the determination of each route plan based on the calculation of a shorter path to cover the associated parcel, such a calculation allowing route optimization by reducing both travel time and the number of detection passages on the same plot.
- the purpose of such a calculation is to provide each patroller with the parcel to be traveled and the associated route plan as well as the role assigned to the patroller within the patrol, and this in an evolving context so that such a calculation is suitable for being reiterated in real time for each reconfiguration linked to one or more changes in context corresponding in particular to an addition or loss of patroller (s), a change in relief linked to a new flow or a meteorological phenomenon, a change of condition research such as the change from day to night requiring an enrichment of the patroller equipment by means of infrared and / or thermal cameras for example, etc.
- the inputs of such a calculation correspond to the number of patrollers capable of actively detecting a signal representative of an avalanche victim, and for each patroller to its autonomy in terms of electronic research equipment, its performance such as its speed of movement. displacement, its ability to climb in altitude, the types and performances of this electronic equipment such as those of these detectors / sensors, the meteorological and aerological data with in particular the speed and the direction of the wind, the surface to be covered including that due to the relief , etc.
- a calculation of the theoretical research coverage available is implemented by gradually concatenating the distance traveled capacity DP and the insurable coverage C by each patroller (i.e. the size of the surface “probed” by the DVA or RECCO® detector carried by the patroller in question), and this, according to a particular advantageous aspect, by implementing a mesh communication network (ie comprising several point-to-point links, one patroller being its own in having one to M point-to-point connections to several other patrollers with M integer greater than 1) in order to improve the inter-patroller transmission speed rather than a chained communication network (ie with a ring topology).
- a mesh communication network ie comprising several point-to-point links, one patroller being its own in having one to M point-to-point connections to several other patrollers with M integer greater than 1
- such a concatenation begins with a ground patroller equipped with electronic equipment E called AVDALD for this avalanche victim search application associated with a distance traveled capability DP [ 1] and to insurable coverage C [1], continued by a drone patroller 1 associated with a distance traveled capacity DP [2] and an insurable coverage C [2], continued by a drone patroller 2 associated with a distance traveled capacity DP [3] and an insurable coverage C [3], continued by a drone patroller 3 associated with a distance traveled capacity DP [4] and an insurable cover C [4], etc. until all the patrollers are taken into account in order to obtain the total insurable coverage and the total route capacity suitable for being provided by the plurality of patrollers.
- AVDALD electronic equipment
- the total insurable coverage and the total route capacity are automatically projected, by the coordinating patroller 30, on the three-dimensional model of the terrain of the predetermined search area 28 obtained from the previously determined topography, so that ground patrollers equipped with AVDALDS are placed on low-sloped plots and not far from their current position.
- the flight plans of the flying drone patrollers are obtained and adjusted to maintain a margin of autonomy and / or to avoid elements of the relief such as rocky peaks, etc. or the crossing of this type of relief element for the sake of saving energy and time, and also depending on the constraints of search patterns and ranges induced by the DVA / RECCO® detectors used, the number of which Antenna (s) and performance will vary from detector type to detector type, such as continuous path patterns in slots or parallel lines.
- the relay point drones are then also taken into account in this calculation and make it possible to cover the radio shadow zones, the patrollers having to communicate 24 cyclically throughout the search 26.
- the relay point role is assigned in function of the current position of the drone assigned to this role relative to the current position of the other patrollers.
- a relay point drone rises to a first predetermined altitude above the terrain to check the radio coverage by simulating the flight plan / route of each patroller, and eliminates relay drones creating a redundancy of radio coverage while minimizing the altitude of the other drones designated as relays so that they can continue to detect a signal representative of the presence of a victim.
- this first solution does not cover the whole of the communication zone associated with the search zone, according to a second option all the patrollers then take on the role of relay point, rise simultaneously to the first predetermined altitude and simulate their flight plan. flight by eliminating relay drones generating coverage redundancies. If neither of the two options works on its own, a flying drone takes on the role of relay point and rises to a second predetermined altitude higher than the first predetermined altitude, the second predetermined altitude no longer allowing it to participate in the detection of a signal.
- route / flight plans of each patroller are also configured to avoid any communication interference between the patroller and also on the signal emanating from a beacon equipment of a potential avalanche victim.
- the delimitation of the plots assigned to the first aid workers on the ground is sent by the coordination drone 30 to the electronic equipment E (i.e. electronic terminal) AVDALD equipping these same first aid workers on the ground.
- this electronic equipment E makes it possible specifically to communicate with all the research drones mobilized in the predetermined research zone 28.
- the coordination drone 30 affects the plot P5
- the plot P1 is assigned by the coordination drone 30 to the flying drone 34
- the plot P3 to the drone 36 the plot P4 to drone 38
- plot P56 to drone 40 plot P7 to ground rescuer 42 via electronic equipment E.
- Plots P9 and P10 not being treated initially in view of the number of patrollers and their low associated probability.
- each research drone 34, 36, 38, 40 or electronic research equipment E is assigned 22 with a priority research plot and one or more secondary plot (s) and the associated flight plan which is assigned to it. has been affected by the coordination drone 30 calculating the segmentation of the mission area 28. For example, the drone 34 must first traverse the plot P1, then once this route of P1 is completed, the plot P9 associated with a probability of victim presence lower than the probability associated with P1. All the plots and flight plans are known to all the drones and electronic equipment E of the first-aid patroller on the ground.
- the location of the relay point determined optionally as mentioned above is also indicated during the assignment step 22 by assigning the role of relay point to some of the patrolling drones, so that instead of participating in a search , these drones are dedicated to relaying information received from drones neighboring their location relay point.
- Such an assignment 22 of the relay point role can be reconfigured in particular as a function of any defections of patrollers during the search.
- the ground rescuer 42 receives the delimitation of his plot P7 transmitted by a transceiver, not shown, of the coordination drone 30 via a communication module 44 connected to a transceiver antenna, not shown of the electronic equipment E , called AVDALD.
- the electronic equipment E, called AVDALD further comprises a search module 46 and a display and manual input module 48 with the ground attendant 42, such a module 48 comprising a man-machine interface.
- the communication module 44 of the electronic equipment E is configured to send and receive the data exchanged with the drones, 30, 34, 36, 38, 40 and, if applicable, not shown, the data exchanged with other electronic equipment E worn by other patrollers (ie rescuer) on the participating ground.
- data exchanged relate to the current position of each patroller, the state of the current search for each patroller, such a state corresponding for example to: "absence of victim”, “search for victim in progress”, “victims found” , "In assistance in finding another patroller”, also relate to the state of the equipment of each patroller such as their autonomy, the failure of a sensor, a flight plan, or the topography (three-dimensional mapping of the area). 28).
- the search module 46 comprises a detector adapted to the type of submerged element, namely here an avalanche victim search device DVA and / or a RECCO® detector and is configured to process the spectral values or the direction of the victim and signal strength of the DVA victim tracking device.
- the display and manual entry module 48 is notably configured to display information data from the ground rescue patroller 42 and allow him to enter commands from the operator. It is thus for example possible for the first aid patroller on the ground 42 to view the status of the search in progress, in other words its progress with a restitution of the location of the victims found and / or a follow-up of the routes and plans. flight status of each of the patrollers and their operational status.
- such electronic equipment E allows collaborative research between patrollers by displaying the route to be taken, by sending a search assistance request command, by marking the location of a localized victim.
- the electronic equipment item E comprises an information processing unit 50, formed for example of a memory 52 associated with a processor 54 such as a processor of the CPU type. Central Processing Unit).
- the communication module 44, the search module 46 and the display and manual input module 48 each produced in the form of software that can be executed by the processor 54.
- the memory 52 of the information processing unit 50 is then able to store a first communication software, a second search software, a third display software and manual entry.
- the processor 54 is then able to execute the aforementioned software.
- the communication module 44, the search module 46 and the display and manual input module 48 are each made in the form of a programmable logic component, such as an FPGA (standing for Field Programmable GateArra ⁇ ), or in the form of a dedicated integrated circuit, such as an ASIC (Application Specifies Integrated Circuit).
- a programmable logic component such as an FPGA (standing for Field Programmable GateArra ⁇ )
- ASIC Application Specifies Integrated Circuit
- the computer readable medium is, for example, a medium capable of storing electronic instructions and of being coupled to a bus of a computer system.
- the readable medium is an optical disc, a magneto-optical disc, a ROM memory, a RAM memory, any type of non-volatile memory (for example EPROM, EEPROM, FLASH, NVRAM), a magnetic card or an optical card.
- a computer program including software instructions is then stored on the readable medium.
- an inter-module interface is implemented within the processing unit 50, in particular when the different modules 44, 46 and 48 are supplied by separate suppliers and / or not compatible in pairs.
- an inter-module interface makes it possible to assemble different modules of different brands or types, as well as inter-module interactions by providing interoperability between these different modules following a compatible and common dialogue.
- the processor 54 of the processing unit 50 is able to synthesize the data supplied by various modules 44, 46 and 48 constituting the electronic equipment E, in particular the detection information obtained via a DVA or RECCO® detector, not shown. of the search module 46.
- the processor 54 is able to configure each module and each module element via operator commands entered, via the display and manual entry module 48, to restore by display the summary of the detection information obtained via a DVA or RECCO® detector, process each request entered by a rescue patroller 42, also restore a vision summary of the progress of the search as a function of the information received via the communication module 44, as well as the various menus allowing the rescue patroller 42 to select the type of representation to be restored or the choices of available representations allowing a rescue patroller 42 to modify the flight plan (s) of a drone by becoming in turn coordinator, the route plan (s) of new rescue patrollers arriving in the predetermined area 28 or of ground patrollers present at the start of the search based on advancement, victim marking, etc.
- the processor 54 of the equipment E is also able to calculate / modify its own route plan and / or the flight and route plans of the other patrollers and to transmit them to the patrollers affected by a such modification.
- the processor 54 of the equipment item E is able to communicate, via the communication module 44, with all of the other research participants and to receive via this same communication module 44 the topography determined beforehand by the user. coordination drone 30.
- each patrol drone similarly also comprises at least one communication module and one search module, or even a topography device making it possible to obtain a three-dimensional 3D representation of the search area, in particular for the coordination drone 30 intervening in first coordinator on the predetermined search area 28, as well as a processing unit comprising a memory and a processor.
- the determination of the topography is suitable for being distributed (ie shared, distributed), by the drone 30 dedicated, at least temporarily, to the coordination of the search, between all or part of the set of drones 34, 36, 38, 40 belonging to the plurality of patrollers and said at least one electronic device E AVDALD carried by the patroller 42, which makes it possible to reduce the power consumption associated with such determination and thus to better manage the autonomy and the temporal capacity of simultaneous intervention of the various patrollers.
- the search step 24 S as such is launched on the intervention sector 28 with in parallel the communication step 26 COM corresponding to the inter-transmission.
- the drones 30, 34, 36, 38, 40 and electronic equipment E called AVDALD communicate at regular intervals (ie cyclically, periodically) in full duplex (ie bidirectional and simultaneously between transmitter / receiver) and each cut their transmitter respectively at each end of transmission.
- the communication step 26 is discontinuous and discretized so that the periods of transmissions of the avalanche transceivers worn by the victims are not interfered with by the inter-patroller communications 26, which amounts to inserting the inter-patroller communications 26 on periods of silence from transmitters worn by victims such as transceivers.
- each transmitting patroller i.e. drones and / or ground patrollers via its electronic equipment E AVDALD
- Each role being for example associated with a unique identifier of the associated role and with a binary value indicating whether or not this role is assumed by the patroller considered.
- the data transmitted between patrollers relates to the state of the transmitting patroller, namely its battery level representative of its autonomy, the battery level at the end of the journey of the affected plot and / or an indicator of what has been consumed since the start of the journey of the plot, the state of the various components of the drone or AVDALD.
- transient data are also suitable for being transmitted, independently of the aforementioned transmission cycles, in particular in the event of a modification of the flight plan, at the start or during the search and relate for example to the definition of the coordination patroller ( ie the allocation of the coordination token).
- the assignment of the coordination role can be temporary and is suitable for being modified when the coordinating patroller (flying drone or ground patroller) withdraws from his mission or is absent (i.e. silent).
- the coordinating patroller is then replaced in his coordination role by the patroller (flying drone or ground patroller) presenting, at the current time, the best data transmission topology towards each of the other patrollers.
- transient data transmitted, independently of the aforementioned transmission cycles, relate to the allocation of research plot (s) suitable for being reconfigured in real time, by the coordinating patroller, according to a current state of each patroller, especially when a patroller abandons the search.
- These data, updated by the coordinating patroller include the location of the predetermined search area 28 to be covered, the location of each parcel assigned to each patroller and optionally the allocation or not of the role of communication relay, as well as the location and identification of patrollers, communication relay points.
- transient data relate to the victim search assistance request (s) sent by one or more patrollers having detected one or more victims.
- a request comprises for example a victim search token of binary value, a first binary value being associated with an active request for help, a second binary value being associated with an abandonment of such a request, such a search token being suitable, on reception, to be positioned by the rescuing patroller so as to be representative of his role as research helper (ie assistant).
- each patroller 34, 35, 36, 38, 30, 40, 42 respectively traverses its plot P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, P7 search by following the route / flight plan calculated previously and provided by the coordination patroller, namely the drone 30, and cyclically transmits its geographical position to all the other patrollers.
- each patroller records in real time the route followed in a dedicated memory of a flying drone or electronic equipment E called here AVDALD.
- search step 24 two scenarios arise for each patroller, namely a search with or without detection of an actual victim.
- the patroller follows the route / flight plan associated with his affected parcel and cyclically communicates his status to the other patrollers.
- a patroller considered is able to move to search on a new plot in collaboration with another patroller, or on a larger plot if one of the patrollers withdraws, or on a secondary plot if the research on the first plot is over.
- a patroller corresponding here to a flying drone 38 detects a signal 56 emanate from the DVA or RECCO equipment of a victim.
- the flying drone 38 asks other search patrollers to come and help him in his search.
- the closest patrollers who have not detected a victim, or who are not yet helping a patroller come to help the flying drone 38 which has detected the victim. More precisely, the flying drone 38 having spotted the victim transmits to the patrollers helping the direction in which the victim was detected and calculates and transmits to the patrollers helping the trajectory to follow in order to carry out an optimized search.
- the flying drone 38 indicates such a trajectory 58 to the assisting drone 30 during cyclical communication while also indicating its search status with detection with a request for assistance from other patrollers.
- the flying drone 38 cyclically communicates the number of aids received and the achievement of a predetermined threshold of caregivers on the research plot, for example two stops the request for assistance to the search for the remaining patrollers.
- the flying drone 38 after having detected the signal 56 emanating from the DVA or RECCO equipment of a victim, the flying drone 38, as long as it remains alone on its search plot, then begins to search for the source of the signal by following spiral trajectories in order to detect the local minimum and the maximum reached at the level of the DVA thus constituting a spectral mapping thus making it possible to find the source of the emission.
- Such spiral trajectories are in particular determined by the coordinating patroller 30 informed of such detection of the signal 56 emanating from the DVA equipment, by the flying drone 38, or determined by the flying drone 38 itself if it has any. has the capacity and the authorization / instruction of the coordinating patroller 30. More precisely, such spiral trajectories are determined so that the flying drone 38 does not produce interference on the signal 56 emanating from the DVA equipment, nor with another patrolling drone near.
- Figure 7 illustrates three distinct emission configurations of a transceiver 60 carried by a victim buried under snow, namely horizontally (top left of Figure 7), vertically (top right of Figure 7) and at an angle (bottom left of figure 7).
- a maximum 62 of the DVA signal is located just above the DVA and two local minimums 64 are detected symmetrically on either side.
- the DVA 60 emits vertically a local minimum V of the DVA signal is located just above the DVA and two local maximums 62 are detected symmetrically on either side.
- the transceiver 60 transmits at an angle, a local minimum 64 is located just above the transceiver and two local maximums 62 are detected asymmetrically on either side.
- the flying drone 38 communicates its spectral measurements as well as its position so that the other patrollers can position themselves in an optimal and complementary manner and optimize the search by avoiding false detections. .
- Flight plans associated with these two search situations in solo and in a team of patrollers respectively are illustrated in FIG. 8.
- the flying drone 38 of FIG. 6 applies for example the Archimedes spiral flight plan 66 with a constant inter-turn distance.
- the two drones 38 and 30 spiral symmetrically according to their respective spiral 68 and 70, moving away from each other in a circle search engine moving to locate the local minimum 64 and the maximum reached 62.
- the flying drone 38 of FIG. 6 is assisted in precise location of the victim by two drones, the three drones spiral according to their respective spiral 72, 76, 74, etc.
- the position of the DVA or RECCO® source carried by the victim is communicated by the flying drone 38 or by its assistant drones, such as the drone 30, to the other patrollers (flying drone or ground patroller equipped with electronic equipment E called AVDALD for this avalanche victim search application.
- the assistant patrollers return to their last position on their plot.
- the source of the victim's signal is marked on the ground by a colored aerosol sprayed by the patroller having detected this source, for example the flying drone 38 which in this case also carries a colored aerosol.
- FIG. 9 illustrates a reconfiguration of the research plots, in particular in the event of defection of a patroller.
- a resigning patroller is detected in different ways, namely in the event of absence during the counting by each patroller of the number of participants in the exchanges during the communication steps 26 and comparison with the last number of participants associated with the step of previous communication 26, in the event of an indication of an abandonment role by the resigning patroller.
- the coordination patroller 30 reorganizes the plots in real time to continue the search over the entire avalanche zone based on an algorithm with a shorter path, the current position of the patrollers, the zone already covered by the patrollers, with the aim of applying a minimum of change in the affected areas to avoid a too long reconfiguration before resuming the search.
- the coordination patroller 30 transmits the new flight / route plans to the various patrollers.
- a plot P1 was assigned to the drone 34
- a plot P2 was assigned to the drone 35
- a plot P3 to the drone 36
- the coordination drone 30 enlarges the plot P1 so as to include part of the plot P2 of figure 6, and enlarges the plot P3 so as to include the complementary part of the plot P2 of figure 6.
- the parcel P2 originally assigned to the resigning drone 35 is deleted and distributed between the parcels P1 and P3, the search for which is respectively carried out by the drones P1 and P3.
- the coordination patroller for example the drone 30, resigns, the patroller with the best transmission topology takes on this status.
- a reconfiguration is implemented within at least one electronic patroller equipment (flying drone or ground patroller) in the event of a change of research plot, assistance provided to another patroller, carrying out an assisted search of at least one other patroller, defection of at least one patroller, change of coordination patroller.
- electronic patroller equipment flying drone or ground patroller
- the present invention thus allows an optimized search, without human intervention at the level of the patrolling drones acting in complete autonomy and in real time, improving the distribution of the loads by patroller and in terms of reducing the number of patrollers required in the predetermined search area.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Alarm Systems (AREA)
- Traffic Control Systems (AREA)
- Position Fixing By Use Of Radio Waves (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2004192A FR3109639B1 (fr) | 2020-04-28 | 2020-04-28 | Procédé d'aide à la localisation d'au moins un élément englouti au sein d'une zone prédéterminée de recherche, système et équipement électronique associé |
| PCT/EP2021/061053 WO2021219684A1 (fr) | 2020-04-28 | 2021-04-28 | Procédé d'aide à la localisation d'au moins un élément englouti au sein d'une zone prédéterminée de recherche, système et équipement électronique associés |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4143597A1 true EP4143597A1 (fr) | 2023-03-08 |
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ID=74347115
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP21720784.4A Withdrawn EP4143597A1 (fr) | 2020-04-28 | 2021-04-28 | Procédé d'aide à la localisation d'au moins un élément englouti au sein d'une zone prédéterminée de recherche, système et équipement électronique associés |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US12092748B2 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP4143597A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3109639B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2021219684A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20230367315A1 (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2023-11-16 | Honeywell International Inc. | System and method for increasing aircraft search and rescue mission effectiveness |
| US11807406B1 (en) * | 2023-07-02 | 2023-11-07 | Owen Charles Wengreen | Drones that save people trapped in avalanches |
| US11819737B1 (en) * | 2023-07-02 | 2023-11-21 | Owen Charles Wengreen | Drones that save people from avalanches |
| CN118259690B (zh) * | 2024-05-30 | 2024-08-13 | 江西科晨洪兴信息技术有限公司 | 一种变电站无人机自主巡视航线优化方法及系统 |
| CN118394110B (zh) * | 2024-06-26 | 2024-10-11 | 江苏方天电力技术有限公司 | 一种基于自动机巢的无人机集群协同巡检方法 |
| JP7636842B1 (ja) * | 2024-11-08 | 2025-02-27 | 株式会社一冨士本店 | スノーバイクの無人走行制御システムおよびスノーバイクの無人走行制御システムの無人走行制御方法 |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5629626A (en) * | 1994-07-12 | 1997-05-13 | Geo-Centers, Inc. | Apparatus and method for measuring buried ferromagnetic objects with a high accuracy of position and in synchronization with a sync pulse provided by a global positioning system |
| US6567044B2 (en) * | 2001-09-20 | 2003-05-20 | Ernest A. Carroll | Miniature, unmanned remotely guided vehicles for locating an object with a beacon |
| US7355513B1 (en) * | 2005-12-23 | 2008-04-08 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Ultra-reliable personnel position locating system |
| US20070225008A1 (en) * | 2006-03-23 | 2007-09-27 | First Broadcasting Investment Partners, Llc | Systems and methods for determining replacement communication facility |
| FR2974913B1 (fr) * | 2011-05-03 | 2014-05-02 | Delta Drone | Dispositif et procede de recherche de cibles |
| CA3037443C (fr) * | 2016-09-19 | 2024-02-20 | Vector Flight LLC | Systeme de detection de balise permettant de localiser un sujet de recherche manquant. la presente invention porte sur un systeme de recherche configure de sorte a fonctionner sur un vehicule de recherche et sur un procede mis en oeuvre par ordinateur permettant de determiner un emplacement d'un sujet de recherche |
| US20200020093A1 (en) * | 2018-07-12 | 2020-01-16 | TerraClear Inc. | Object identification and collection system and method |
| FR3086545B1 (fr) * | 2018-09-27 | 2021-03-05 | Airbus Defence & Space Sas | Systeme de prevention et d'intervention pour la lutte contre les incendies et procede de mise en œuvre d'un tel systeme |
| US11243329B2 (en) * | 2019-03-01 | 2022-02-08 | Nancy Kerr Del Grande | Detecting subsurface objects and voids using thermal inertia |
-
2020
- 2020-04-28 FR FR2004192A patent/FR3109639B1/fr active Active
-
2021
- 2021-04-28 US US17/921,779 patent/US12092748B2/en active Active
- 2021-04-28 WO PCT/EP2021/061053 patent/WO2021219684A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2021-04-28 EP EP21720784.4A patent/EP4143597A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US12092748B2 (en) | 2024-09-17 |
| WO2021219684A1 (fr) | 2021-11-04 |
| US20230168332A1 (en) | 2023-06-01 |
| FR3109639A1 (fr) | 2021-10-29 |
| FR3109639B1 (fr) | 2022-04-08 |
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