EP4069422A4 - Cation-exchange membrane with improved monovalent selectivity, manufacturing and uses thereof in electrodialysis - Google Patents

Cation-exchange membrane with improved monovalent selectivity, manufacturing and uses thereof in electrodialysis Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4069422A4
EP4069422A4 EP20896629.1A EP20896629A EP4069422A4 EP 4069422 A4 EP4069422 A4 EP 4069422A4 EP 20896629 A EP20896629 A EP 20896629A EP 4069422 A4 EP4069422 A4 EP 4069422A4
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrodialysis
cation
manufacturing
exchange membrane
monovalent selectivity
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP20896629.1A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP4069422A1 (en
Inventor
Oded NIR
Eran Edri
Eyal WORMSER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BG Negev Technologies and Applications Ltd
Original Assignee
BG Negev Technologies and Applications Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BG Negev Technologies and Applications Ltd filed Critical BG Negev Technologies and Applications Ltd
Publication of EP4069422A1 publication Critical patent/EP4069422A1/en
Publication of EP4069422A4 publication Critical patent/EP4069422A4/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J47/00—Ion-exchange processes in general; Apparatus therefor
    • B01J47/12—Ion-exchange processes in general; Apparatus therefor characterised by the use of ion-exchange material in the form of ribbons, filaments, fibres or sheets, e.g. membranes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
    • B01D69/12—Composite membranes; Ultra-thin membranes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/42—Electrodialysis; Electro-osmosis ; Electro-ultrafiltration; Membrane capacitive deionization
    • B01D61/44—Ion-selective electrodialysis
    • B01D61/46—Apparatus therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
    • B01D67/0079—Manufacture of membranes comprising organic and inorganic components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
    • B01D67/0079—Manufacture of membranes comprising organic and inorganic components
    • B01D67/00791—Different components in separate layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
    • B01D69/02—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor characterised by their properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
    • B01D69/14—Dynamic membranes
    • B01D69/141—Heterogeneous membranes, e.g. containing dispersed material; Mixed matrix membranes
    • B01D69/148—Organic/inorganic mixed matrix membranes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/20—Manufacture of shaped structures of ion-exchange resins
    • C08J5/22—Films, membranes or diaphragms
    • C08J5/2287—After-treatment
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/403—Manufacturing processes of separators, membranes or diaphragms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
    • H01M50/411—Organic material
    • H01M50/414—Synthetic resins, e.g. thermoplastics or thermosetting resins
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
    • H01M50/431—Inorganic material
    • H01M50/434—Ceramics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
    • H01M50/446—Composite material consisting of a mixture of organic and inorganic materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
    • H01M50/449—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material having a layered structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
    • H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
    • H01M8/102—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer
    • H01M8/1032—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer having sulfur, e.g. sulfonated-polyethersulfones [S-PES]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
    • H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
    • H01M8/1041—Polymer electrolyte composites, mixtures or blends
    • H01M8/1046—Mixtures of at least one polymer and at least one additive
    • H01M8/1051—Non-ion-conducting additives, e.g. stabilisers, SiO2 or ZrO2
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
    • H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
    • H01M8/1069—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the manufacturing processes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/22—Fuel cells in which the fuel is based on materials comprising carbon or oxygen or hydrogen and other elements; Fuel cells in which the fuel is based on materials comprising only elements other than carbon, oxygen or hydrogen
    • H01M8/227—Dialytic cells or batteries; Reverse electrodialysis cells or batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
    • B01D2325/42—Ion-exchange membranes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/42—Electrodialysis; Electro-osmosis ; Electro-ultrafiltration; Membrane capacitive deionization
    • B01D61/422—Electrodialysis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
    • B01D71/02—Inorganic material
    • B01D71/024—Oxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
    • B01D71/02—Inorganic material
    • B01D71/024—Oxides
    • B01D71/025—Aluminium oxide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
    • B01D71/06—Organic material
    • B01D71/66—Polymers having sulfur in the main chain, with or without nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only
    • B01D71/68—Polysulfones; Polyethersulfones
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2381/00—Characterised by the use of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing sulfur with or without nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Polysulfones; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2381/06—Polysulfones; Polyethersulfones
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124—Water desalination
    • Y02A20/131—Reverse-osmosis
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
EP20896629.1A 2019-12-05 2020-12-06 Cation-exchange membrane with improved monovalent selectivity, manufacturing and uses thereof in electrodialysis Pending EP4069422A4 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201962943848P 2019-12-05 2019-12-05
PCT/IL2020/051257 WO2021111453A1 (en) 2019-12-05 2020-12-06 Cation-exchange membrane with improved monovalent selectivity, manufacturing and uses thereof in electrodialysis

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4069422A1 EP4069422A1 (en) 2022-10-12
EP4069422A4 true EP4069422A4 (en) 2023-12-20

Family

ID=76221153

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20896629.1A Pending EP4069422A4 (en) 2019-12-05 2020-12-06 Cation-exchange membrane with improved monovalent selectivity, manufacturing and uses thereof in electrodialysis

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20230018035A1 (en)
EP (1) EP4069422A4 (en)
KR (1) KR20220105676A (en)
CN (1) CN115052680A (en)
IL (1) IL293166A (en)
WO (1) WO2021111453A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113477105B (en) * 2021-06-30 2023-05-02 福建师范大学 Preparation method and application of sulfhydryl-containing composite membrane

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20040241520A1 (en) * 2003-05-31 2004-12-02 Korea Institute Of Science And Technology Method to manufacture composite polymer electrolyte membranes coated with inorganic thin films for fuel cells
US20140220237A1 (en) * 2009-05-24 2014-08-07 Hrl Laboratories, Llc Methods for fabricating inorganic proton-conducting coatings for fuel-cell membranes
US20170288250A1 (en) * 2014-08-28 2017-10-05 Kemira Oyj An electrolyte membrane for use in an electrochemical cell
CN107815706A (en) * 2017-11-07 2018-03-20 太原师范学院 A kind of preparation method for photoelectrocatalysis water decomposition film

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10021104A1 (en) * 2000-05-02 2001-11-08 Univ Stuttgart Organic-inorganic membranes
US20050053818A1 (en) * 2002-03-28 2005-03-10 Marc St-Arnaud Ion exchange composite material based on proton conductive functionalized inorganic support compounds in a polymer matrix
JP4967734B2 (en) * 2007-03-16 2012-07-04 旭硝子株式会社 Cation exchange membrane and method for producing the same
CN102325926B (en) * 2009-02-23 2014-09-17 旭硝子株式会社 Cation-exchange membrane, production method thereof, and electrolytic cell utilizing same
WO2010135107A1 (en) * 2009-05-11 2010-11-25 Regents Of The University Of Colorado, A Body Corporate Ultra-thin metal oxide and carbon-metal oxide films prepared by atomic layer deposition (ald)
FR2954180B1 (en) * 2009-12-18 2012-02-24 Commissariat Energie Atomique CATION EXCHANGE MEMBRANE WITH IMPROVED SELECTIVITY, PROCESS FOR PREPARING SAME AND USES THEREOF.
DE112013004967T5 (en) * 2012-10-11 2015-07-23 Evoqua Water Technologies Llc Ion exchange membranes and process for their preparation
CN105655616A (en) * 2015-12-31 2016-06-08 浙江工业大学义乌科学技术研究院有限公司 Method for preparing univalent selective cation exchange membrane by electrodeposition
CN106099147A (en) * 2016-06-30 2016-11-09 中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所 One has selective ion exchange membrane of monovalention and its production and use

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20040241520A1 (en) * 2003-05-31 2004-12-02 Korea Institute Of Science And Technology Method to manufacture composite polymer electrolyte membranes coated with inorganic thin films for fuel cells
US20140220237A1 (en) * 2009-05-24 2014-08-07 Hrl Laboratories, Llc Methods for fabricating inorganic proton-conducting coatings for fuel-cell membranes
US20170288250A1 (en) * 2014-08-28 2017-10-05 Kemira Oyj An electrolyte membrane for use in an electrochemical cell
CN107815706A (en) * 2017-11-07 2018-03-20 太原师范学院 A kind of preparation method for photoelectrocatalysis water decomposition film

Non-Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See also references of WO2021111453A1 *
STEVEN M. GEORGE ET AL: "Surface Chemistry for Molecular Layer Deposition of Organic and Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Polymers", ACCOUNTS OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH, vol. 42, no. 4, 21 April 2009 (2009-04-21), pages 498 - 508, XP055006695, ISSN: 0001-4842, DOI: 10.1021/ar800105q *
TOIKKANEN OUTI ET AL: "Al2O3 coating grown on Nafion membranes by atomic layer deposition", JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE, vol. 495, 11 August 2015 (2015-08-11), NL, pages 101 - 109, XP093099437, ISSN: 0376-7388, DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2015.08.021 *
ZHAO CHENGLONG ET AL: "Advanced Na metal anodes", JOURNAL OF ENERGY CHEMISTRY, ELSEVIER, AMSTERDAM, NL, vol. 27, no. 6, 15 March 2018 (2018-03-15), pages 1584 - 1596, XP085481619, ISSN: 2095-4956, DOI: 10.1016/J.JECHEM.2018.03.004 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20230018035A1 (en) 2023-01-19
IL293166A (en) 2022-07-01
EP4069422A1 (en) 2022-10-12
CN115052680A (en) 2022-09-13
WO2021111453A1 (en) 2021-06-10
KR20220105676A (en) 2022-07-27

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Ipc: H01M 50/434 20210101ALI20231115BHEP

Ipc: H01M 50/414 20210101ALI20231115BHEP

Ipc: H01M 8/1032 20160101ALI20231115BHEP

Ipc: H01M 50/403 20210101ALI20231115BHEP

Ipc: H01M 8/1051 20160101ALI20231115BHEP

Ipc: H01M 8/1069 20160101ALI20231115BHEP

Ipc: B01D 69/14 20060101ALI20231115BHEP

Ipc: H01M 8/22 20060101ALI20231115BHEP

Ipc: B01D 69/12 20060101ALI20231115BHEP

Ipc: C08J 5/22 20060101ALI20231115BHEP

Ipc: B01D 69/02 20060101ALI20231115BHEP

Ipc: B01J 47/12 20170101ALI20231115BHEP

Ipc: B01D 67/00 20060101AFI20231115BHEP