EP4029137A1 - Spannungswandler - Google Patents
SpannungswandlerInfo
- Publication number
- EP4029137A1 EP4029137A1 EP20771824.8A EP20771824A EP4029137A1 EP 4029137 A1 EP4029137 A1 EP 4029137A1 EP 20771824 A EP20771824 A EP 20771824A EP 4029137 A1 EP4029137 A1 EP 4029137A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- voltage
- converter
- modules
- direct
- primary
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M5/00—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
- H02M5/02—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into DC
- H02M5/04—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into DC by static converters
- H02M5/22—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into DC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M5/225—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into DC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode comprising two stages of AC-AC conversion, e.g. having a high frequency intermediate link
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L53/11—DC charging controlled by the charging station, e.g. mode 4
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
- B60L53/67—Controlling two or more charging stations
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC
- H02M3/24—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC
- H02M3/24—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC
- H02M3/325—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33561—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having more than one ouput with independent control
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M5/00—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
- H02M5/40—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into DC
- H02M5/42—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into DC by static converters
- H02M5/44—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into DC by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate DC into AC
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/4807—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode having a high frequency intermediate AC stage
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
- H02M7/4835—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels comprising two or more cells, each including a switchable capacitor, the capacitors having a nominal charge voltage which corresponds to a given fraction of the input voltage, and the capacitors being selectively connected in series to determine the instantaneous output voltage
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2210/00—Converter types
- B60L2210/10—DC to DC converters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2210/00—Converter types
- B60L2210/30—AC to DC converters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2210/00—Converter types
- B60L2210/40—DC to AC converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2105/00—Networks for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by their spatial reach or by the load
- H02J2105/30—Networks for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by their spatial reach or by the load the load networks being external to vehicles, i.e. exchanging power with vehicles
- H02J2105/33—Networks for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by their spatial reach or by the load the load networks being external to vehicles, i.e. exchanging power with vehicles exchanging power with road vehicles
- H02J2105/37—Networks for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by their spatial reach or by the load the load networks being external to vehicles, i.e. exchanging power with vehicles exchanging power with road vehicles exchanging power with electric vehicles [EV] or with hybrid electric vehicles [HEV]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2207/00—Details of circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or supplying loads from batteries
- H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from AC mains by converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
- H02M1/0074—Plural converter units whose inputs are connected in series
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
- H02M1/0077—Plural converter units whose outputs are connected in series
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
Definitions
- the invention relates to a voltage converter for converting a primary-side alternating voltage at a first voltage level into a secondary-side alternating voltage at a second voltage level, the voltage converter having a direct voltage intermediate circuit in which a first direct voltage generated from the primary-side alternating voltage is generated by means of a direct voltage direct voltage Converter is converted into a second DC voltage.
- Voltage conversion by such voltage converters using a DC voltage intermediate circuit is widespread in electrical energy supply technology, e.g. when converting voltage from a medium-voltage network to a low-voltage network.
- the need to provide electrical energy in the form of DC voltage at a comparatively high voltage level is increasing in order to provide the power required to charge batteries.
- the invention is based on the object of specifying an efficient and inexpensive possibility of providing such electrical energy.
- a voltage converter of the type mentioned in that a decoupling circuit for providing a third DC voltage for connecting at least one consumer is coupled to the DC voltage intermediate circuit, in particular to its DC voltage to DC voltage converter.
- the invention has the advantage that the electrical energy can be provided by the third DC voltage particularly efficiently and with little hardware expenditure. In this way, the invention can be cost- Realize cheaply.
- Another advantage is that commercially available or existing voltage converters can be used for this purpose by simply adding the decoupling circuit to provide the third DC voltage.
- the voltage converter can optionally be used as a step-up converter, step-down converter or isolating element between the connected AC voltage networks. If the voltage converter is designed as a step-up converter, the first voltage level is lower than the second voltage level. If the voltage converter is designed as a step-down converter, the second voltage level is lower than the first voltage level. If the voltage converter is designed as an isolating element, the first voltage level is at least approximately equal to the second voltage level.
- the first DC voltage can be smaller, larger or equal to the second DC voltage.
- the third DC voltage can be smaller, larger or equal to the first and / or the second DC voltage. It is advantageous, for example, if the third direct voltage is at least approximately equal to the first direct voltage.
- the voltage converter can be designed, for example, in the form of a neutral point clampled (NPC), a modular multilevel converter (MMC) or a cascaded F1 bridge (CFIB).
- NPC neutral point clampled
- MMC modular multilevel converter
- CFIB cascaded F1 bridge
- the CFIB topology is used in the following exemplary embodiments.
- the CFIB topology does not have its own option for providing a third DC voltage for connecting at least one load. This disadvantage is overcome by the decoupling circuit according to the invention.
- the first voltage level is the voltage level of an alternating current medium-voltage voltage network and the second voltage level is the voltage level of an alternating current low-voltage network.
- the invention can be used particularly efficiently for realizing the electrical energy supply of direct voltage consumers at a relatively high voltage level, for example for supplying charging stations for electric vehicles.
- the decoupling circuit is electrically and / or magnetically integrated into the DC voltage / DC voltage converter.
- Such an integration of the decoupling circuit in the DC-DC voltage converter has the advantage that the decoupling circuit can be kept simple in terms of hardware complexity.
- the decoupling circuit can, for example, be inductively supplied with electrical energy from the DC-DC converter, which has the advantage that the actual function of the DC-DC converter for converting the first DC voltage into the second DC voltage is not or only insignificantly being affected.
- the DC-DC converter is modularly constructed from a plurality of individual DC-DC converter modules that are connected in parallel to one another on the secondary side.
- Such a modular structure has the advantage that the entire voltage converter can be optimized with regard to susceptibility to errors and failure safety and can be scaled to various orders of magnitude due to the number of DC-DC converter modules used. It is easy to exchange individual DC-DC converter modules for repair purposes.
- the voltage converter is designed as a step-down converter, it is advantageous, for example, to connect the DC-DC converter modules in parallel to one another on the secondary side.
- a second direct voltage is provided with a voltage level that is lower than the first direct voltage, the available currents being increased due to the parallel connection.
- the DC-DC converter modules are connected on the primary side either directly in series or in series via AC-DC converter modules. In this way, the voltage load on the primary side of the DC-DC converter modules can be distributed over a large number of modules, so that the individual modules can be constructed in a comparatively simple and inexpensive manner. Nevertheless, due to this series connection, a comparatively high primary-side first direct voltage can be processed.
- a decoupling module is added to some or all of the DC-DC converter modules on the primary side, the decoupling modules being interconnected to form the decoupling circuit.
- the decoupling circuit can also be implemented in a modular manner, so that the voltage converter also realizes the advantages of modularity with regard to the decoupling circuit, such as scalability and advantages in terms of reliability and repair, e.g. by allowing individual decoupling modules to be exchanged in the event of a fault.
- the decoupling modules are connected in series with one another in order to provide the third DC voltage.
- the decoupling circuit is thus formed by the series connection of the decoupling modules.
- the third direct voltage can thus be provided at a high voltage level in a simple manner.
- a DC-DC converter module has a primary-side converter cell and a secondary-side converter cell, which are coupled to one another via galvanically separated windings of a transformer.
- the converter cells can, for example, have a pulse-controlled semiconductor circuit.
- the decoupling module is coupled to a further winding of the transformer, so that the decoupling module is inductively supplied with electrical energy via the transformer.
- the decoupling module is galvanically decoupled from the other components of the DC-DC converter, so that their functionality is not influenced.
- the transformer can be designed, for example, as a multi-turn transformer.
- the decoupling module can be coupled to the transformer on the primary side, ie on the first direct voltage (MVDC) side, and / or on the secondary side, ie on the second direct voltage (LVDC) side.
- the transformer has a magnetic core on which the windings of the transformer are arranged. This allows a particularly efficient inductive energy transfer between the windings.
- the DC-DC converter modules can be designed, for example, as a multiple active bridge, full resonant topology, current source topology, impedance source topology or the like with a respective transformer connected between the primary side and the secondary side of a converter module.
- a multiple active bridge can be implemented, for example, in the form of a dual active bridge or a quadruple active bridge.
- switched power semiconductors are used.
- pulsed, square-wave signals are generated via the power semiconductors on both sides, ie the primary side and the secondary side, by pulsed switching of the power semiconductors. The energy transfer takes place via a phase shift between the signals between the primary side and the secondary side (phase shift modulation).
- the multiple active bridge uses high-frequency transmission.
- the transformer required for this requires little space compared to low frequency transmission, so that such voltage converters can be implemented in a more compact and correspondingly more cost-effective manner.
- the indefinite term “a” is not to be understood as a numerical word. If, for example, a component is mentioned, this is to be interpreted in the sense of “at least one component”.
- the abbreviation DC stands for direct current
- the abbreviation AC for alternating current.
- FIG. 1 shows a voltage converter in a block diagram and FIG. 2 shows a voltage converter in the form of a Cascaded F1-Bridge (CFIB) and FIG. 3 shows a DC-DC converter module and FIG. 4 shows the switching of a phase of the voltage converter according to FIG. 2 using DC -DC converter modules according to Figure 3 and
- CFIB Cascaded F1-Bridge
- FIG. 5 shows the topology of the entire voltage converter using DC-DC converter modules according to FIG. 3 and FIG. 6 shows the voltage converter according to FIG. 5
- Figure 7 shows an alternative embodiment of the circuit of a phase of the voltage converter
- FIG. 8 shows a voltage converter with a modular multilevel converter
- FIG. 9 shows the circuit of one phase of the voltage converter according to FIG. 2 with an alternative form of the decoupling modules; and FIG. 10 shows the circuit of one phase of the voltage converter with the provision of the third direct voltage at a different voltage level.
- the reference symbols used in the figures have the following assignment:
- LVDC2 third DC voltage 1 shows the voltage converter 1 in an electrical energy supply system in which a primary-side AC voltage network 13, e.g. a three-phase AC medium-voltage network, is coupled to a secondary-side AC voltage network 14, e.g. a four-line AC low-voltage network.
- a primary-side AC voltage network 13 e.g. a three-phase AC medium-voltage network
- a secondary-side AC voltage network 14 e.g. a four-line AC low-voltage network.
- the primary-side AC voltage network 13 is connected to a DC voltage intermediate circuit 3, 5, 6 via an AC-DC converter 2.
- the AC-DC converter 2 converts a primary-side alternating voltage MVAC at a first voltage level into a first direct voltage MVDC.
- a DC-DC voltage converter 3 which is coupled to the DC voltage output of the AC-DC converter 2 via a primary-side DC voltage circuit 5 and which is thus supplied with the first DC voltage MVDC .
- the DC-DC converter 3 converts the first DC voltage MVDC into a second DC voltage LVDC.
- the DC-DC voltage converter 3 is coupled to a DC-AC converter 4 via a secondary-side DC voltage circuit 6.
- the DC-AC converter 4 converts the second direct voltage LVDC supplied to it by the direct voltage-direct voltage converter 3 into a secondary-side alternating voltage LVAC of the secondary-side alternating current network 14.
- an electrical system 12 can be connected, which is operated with a direct voltage at a low voltage level LVDC, e.g. a photovoltaic system that is connected via a DC-DC converter 11 to a coupling network 8 via which the electrical system 12 is connected to the secondary-side DC voltage circuit 6.
- LVDC low voltage level
- FIG. 1 also shows a consumer 10 which is operated with a third direct voltage MVDC2 at a high voltage level. It can be a charging station for electric vehicles, for example, which is coupled to the third DC voltage MVDC2 via a DC-DC converter 9.
- the third DC voltage MVDC2 is provided via a decoupling circuit 7 which is coupled to the DC voltage intermediate circuit 3, 5, 6, in particular to the DC-DC converter 3. Explanations are given below about advantageous types of this coupling of the decoupling circuit 7 with the DC-DC converter 3.
- FIG. 2 shows a voltage converter in CFIB topology.
- the circuit components for one phase (phase C) of the three-phase primary-side AC voltage network 13 are specified in detail.
- a comparable circuit is included for the other phases A, B, which is shown only as a block for the sake of simplicity.
- the circuit in a phase A, B, C initially has a series circuit of primary-side AC-DC converter modules 20 which together (as a series circuit) form the AC-DC converter 2 of a phase A, B, C.
- the AC-DC converter 2 can also have a modular structure.
- a DC-DC converter module 37 is connected after a respective AC-DC converter module 20.
- the entirety of the DC-DC converter modules 37 forms the DC-DC converter 3.
- the DC-DC converter modules 37 can be connected in parallel on the secondary side and are then connected to the DC voltage connection of the DC-AC converter 4 connected.
- the individual DC-DC converter modules 37 can have a structure with 2 converter cells 30, 32 each connected via a transformer 31. In this way, a DC-DC converter module can be designed as a multiple active bridge, for example.
- FIG. 3 shows the expansion of a DC-DC converter module 37 by a decoupling module 36.
- the decoupling module 36 can, for example, be inductively connected to the converter cells 30, 32 in that the transformer 31 is expanded by an additional winding 35.
- the transformer 31 may have a magnetic core 34 on which the windings 33, 35 are arranged in order to increase the degree of coupling between the windings 33, 35.
- the decoupling module 36 can be designed, for example, as a DC-DC converter cell, which has a similar functionality and a similar structure to the converter cells 30, 32.
- FIG. 4 shows the integration of DC-DC converter modules 37 of the type described with reference to FIG. 3 using a section of the voltage converter of FIG. 2, which only shows the structure of phase C. It can be seen in particular that the individual decoupling modules 36 in Are connected in series. The desired third DC voltage MVDC2 can be tapped off via the series connection of the decoupling modules 36, which thus represent the decoupling circuit 7.
- FIG. 5 shows, in a highly schematic manner, the integration of the DC-DC converter modules 37 in the complete voltage converter according to FIG. 2.
- a DC-DC converter module m1 is only shown in full on the basis of phase C, the remaining modules being m2 to mn similarly structured.
- a third direct voltage MVDC2 which is decoupled from other third direct voltages MVDC2, can be obtained from each phase A, B, C.
- three separate loads 10 can be supplied with the third DC voltage MVDC2 via Flier. It is also possible to connect two or all three of the branches carrying the third DC voltage MVDC2 in parallel or in series. With a parallel connection, the available current can be increased; with a series connection, the available DC voltage can be increased.
- FIG. 6 shows such a parallel connection of all three branches carrying the third direct voltage MVDC2.
- the invention thus also allows the third DC voltage MVDC2 provided via the coupling-out circuit to be scaled, both in terms of the voltage level and in terms of the available current.
- the various third DC voltages MVDC2 provided via the individual phases A, B, C are galvanically decoupled from one another, which opens up a large number of possible applications and interconnection options.
- a variety of Control and error reaction scenarios can be implemented.
- the implementation of the voltage converter in a CHB topology can be implemented advantageously, since the CHB topology is already established in power supply technology and is well received.
- FIG. 7 shows an embodiment of the voltage converter in which the AC-DC converter modules 20, previously described as individual components with reference to FIG. 4, and the respective converter cell 30 of a DC-DC converter module 37 can be combined, for example as an integrated one Converter module 40. Otherwise, the decoupling circuit can remain identical. In the embodiment according to FIG. 7, a direct input-side processing of an alternating voltage from the primary-side alternating voltage network 13 is thus possible.
- FIG. 8 shows an embodiment of the voltage converter based on a phase as shown in FIG. 4, the primary-side AC voltage network 13 being connected to the DC voltage input side of the DC-DC converter modules 37 via a modular multilevel converter 39 .
- the modular multilevel converter 37 therefore replaces the individual AC-DC converters 20 in this case.
- the decoupling circuit has a fundamentally bidirectional functionality due to the bidirectional mode of operation of the decoupling modules 36 used.
- this decoupling circuit can also be unidirectional.
- unidirectional modules 38 can be used, which, for example, can be designed as full diode bridges in terms of circuitry, as shown in FIG. The power flow can still be controlled independently.
- the decoupling module 36 was used in such a way that the third direct voltage is provided at a comparatively high direct voltage level.
- the decoupling module 36 can alternatively be connected and configured in such a way that the third DC voltage is a voltage LVDC2 at a low voltage level.
- veau is provided, which is advantageous, for example, if separate loads are to be supplied at the voltage level LVDC2.
- an additional electrical energy supply can be provided for charging electric vehicles.
- This topology is particularly advantageous with a cascaded H-Bridge (CHB) topology on the input side.
- CHB cascaded H-Bridge
- the additional LVDC intermediate circuit (LVDC2) enables the asymmetries in the CHB to be compensated for in the event of different loads.
- the outputs of the decoupling circuits 7 can be connected in parallel. It is also possible to implement the DC-DC converter module 37 with coupling-out modules 36 on both sides, such that on the one hand a third DC voltage MVDC2 at a high voltage level and on the other hand a third DC voltage LVDC2 at a low voltage level is provided.
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102019124330.0A DE102019124330A1 (de) | 2019-09-11 | 2019-09-11 | Spannungswandler |
| PCT/EP2020/075426 WO2021048327A1 (de) | 2019-09-11 | 2020-09-11 | Spannungswandler |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4029137A1 true EP4029137A1 (de) | 2022-07-20 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP20771824.8A Pending EP4029137A1 (de) | 2019-09-11 | 2020-09-11 | Spannungswandler |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US12451815B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP4029137A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102019124330A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2021048327A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11557957B1 (en) * | 2021-08-04 | 2023-01-17 | Resilient Power Systems, Inc. | Configurable power module for AC and DC applications |
| EP4601167A1 (de) | 2024-02-06 | 2025-08-13 | Hitachi Energy Ltd | Spannungswandler und steuerungsverfahren |
| WO2025178906A2 (en) * | 2024-02-23 | 2025-08-28 | Mission Power Corp. | Planar transformer and dual active bridge |
Family Cites Families (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1917155A1 (de) * | 2005-08-24 | 2008-05-07 | Thomas A. Ward | Hybridfahrzeug mit modularem sonnenkollektor und batterieladesystem zur einsparung von bremsvorgängen zur regeneration |
| EP2025051B1 (de) * | 2006-06-06 | 2014-12-31 | Ideal Power Inc. | Universeller stromrichter |
| US8238130B2 (en) * | 2008-09-30 | 2012-08-07 | General Electric Company | Low-mass, bi-directional DC-AC interface unit |
| US20110273917A1 (en) * | 2010-05-05 | 2011-11-10 | Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. | Intelligent photovoltaic interface and system |
| DE102010023019A1 (de) * | 2010-06-08 | 2011-12-08 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Wellengeneratorsystem |
| US20130134935A1 (en) * | 2011-05-26 | 2013-05-30 | Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. | Medium voltage stand alone dc fast charger |
| US9065321B2 (en) * | 2011-12-22 | 2015-06-23 | Varentec, Inc. | Isolated dynamic current converters |
| DE102012220118A1 (de) * | 2012-11-05 | 2014-05-22 | Bombardier Transportation Gmbh | Schaltungsanordnung und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Schaltungsanordnung |
| US20150183330A1 (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2015-07-02 | Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. | Modular reconfigurable medium voltage transformer for data centers, volt/var control, ac and dc charging, and vehicle-to-grid applications |
| US9611836B2 (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2017-04-04 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Wind turbine power conversion system |
| EP3511192B1 (de) * | 2016-09-08 | 2022-05-11 | Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. | Regenerative bremsvorrichtung und muldenkipper |
| DE102016125720A1 (de) * | 2016-12-27 | 2018-06-28 | Universität der Bundeswehr München | Niedervoltauskopplung aus einem modularen Energiespeicher-Umrichtersystem |
| CN110677060B (zh) * | 2018-07-02 | 2021-08-03 | 台达电子工业股份有限公司 | 功率变换系统及其中直流母线电容的预充电方法 |
| DE102018122587A1 (de) * | 2018-09-14 | 2020-03-19 | Wobben Properties Gmbh | Windpark mit einer Leistungsflusseinheit sowie eine solche Leistungsflusseinheit |
| CN109361206B (zh) * | 2018-09-28 | 2022-05-10 | 哈尔滨中创电气技术有限公司 | 一种基于多端dc-dc变换器的船舶中压电网结构的能量控制方法 |
-
2019
- 2019-09-11 DE DE102019124330.0A patent/DE102019124330A1/de not_active Ceased
-
2020
- 2020-09-11 EP EP20771824.8A patent/EP4029137A1/de active Pending
- 2020-09-11 US US17/642,026 patent/US12451815B2/en active Active
- 2020-09-11 WO PCT/EP2020/075426 patent/WO2021048327A1/de not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102019124330A1 (de) | 2021-03-11 |
| WO2021048327A1 (de) | 2021-03-18 |
| US12451815B2 (en) | 2025-10-21 |
| US20240048042A1 (en) | 2024-02-08 |
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